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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kinds of hounds used as limers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kinds_of_hounds_used_as_limers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Changes_in_hunting_practice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Changes_in_hunting_practice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Changes in hunting practice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changes_in_hunting_practice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span></span>/</a></span></span>, was a kind of dog, a <a href="/wiki/Scenthound" class="mw-redirect" title="Scenthound">scenthound</a>, used on a leash in <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> times to find large game before it was hunted down by the pack. It was sometimes known as a <b>lyam hound/dog</b> or <b>lime-hound</b>, from the <a href="/wiki/Middle_English" title="Middle English">Middle English</a> word <i>lyam</i>, meaning 'leash'. The French <a href="/wiki/Cognate" title="Cognate">cognate</a> <i><b>limier</b></i> has sometimes been used for the dogs in English as well. The type is not to be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Bandog" class="mw-redirect" title="Bandog">bandog</a>, which was also a dog controlled by a leash, typically a chain, but was a watchdog or guard dog. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use">Use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Limer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Limer.jpg/330px-Limer.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Limer.jpg/500px-Limer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Limer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption>Medieval huntsmen, showing a limer and its handler</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Medieval_hunting" title="Medieval hunting">medieval hunting</a> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, certain kinds of game were not found and hunted with a full pack, as usual in modern hunting. Instead, they were first found by a limer. </p><p>The limer would be taken out at dawn by its handler, on foot, who would identify, perhaps from droppings, perhaps from footprints, where a large animal had passed during the night. He would set his hound on the trail, until it had found where the animal was browsing or at rest. This required keen scenting, the ability to ignore all other scents that might be a distraction, and silent trailing. This process became known as 'harbouring' the animal.<sup id="cite_ref-Master_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Master-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OED_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several limers might be sent out to different parts of the forest. The handlers would then report back to their lord, or the chief huntsman, who would decide on the one "which seemed to have harbored the greatest and oldest Deere, and hym which lyeth in the fairest covert".<sup id="cite_ref-Turbervile_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turbervile-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then the huntsmen would bring the pack of scent hounds, known as '<a href="/wiki/Rache" title="Rache">raches</a>', or 'running hounds'.<sup id="cite_ref-Livre_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Livre-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Raches might be set in relays along the path where the quarry could be expected to run, held in couples, to be released on the huntsman's signal. The game animal would be put to flight or 'unharboured' and the pack would follow it on its hot scent until it was brought to bay and killed. </p><p>If the quarry escaped the pack, perhaps wounded, or if the hunt was overtaken by nightfall, the huntsmen would mark the point where the quarry was last known to have been, and the lords and ladies of the hunt would return to the hunting lodge, or to the pavilions which had been erected for them in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_forest" title="Royal forest">forest</a>, to sleep or occupy themselves with feasting. The limer and its handler would then set about the task of harbouring the quarry again, perhaps by following its blood-trail, and either the injured animal would be dispatched, or the hunt would resume as before. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hausbuchmeister_Hochwildjagd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Hausbuchmeister_Hochwildjagd.jpg/250px-Hausbuchmeister_Hochwildjagd.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Hausbuchmeister_Hochwildjagd.jpg/330px-Hausbuchmeister_Hochwildjagd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Hausbuchmeister_Hochwildjagd.jpg/500px-Hausbuchmeister_Hochwildjagd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="721" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption>A picture of a Dutch hunting party showing a rough-haired limer</figcaption></figure> <p>The limer was a specialist tracker, probably outnumbered by raches in a lord's pack, in about the proportions 20:1, and it was highly valued. It is possible that on occasions it might be released to pursue the quarry with the pack, but normally it did not take part in the kill. The limer which had harboured the particular quarry should, according to the manuals, be the first to be rewarded with its special part of the carcass during the process of butchering it, apparent in this link, where the leashed hound is favoured with the head of the stag, while the raches wait impatiently for their share.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had its own special attendant who looked after it and handled it: the 'valet de limier', translated by Turbervile as 'the varlet who keeps the bloodhound'.<sup id="cite_ref-Turbervile_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turbervile-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To do its work, the limer had to wear a collar, the modern tracking harness surprisingly being unthought of in a period when everyone must have been familiar with the harnesses and tack of horses, and the leash had to be long enough to allow the hound to cast. <a href="/wiki/Edward_of_Norwich,_2nd_Duke_of_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York">Edward, Duke of York</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Master_of_Game" title="The Master of Game">The Master of Game</a></i> 1406–1413 (a translation of <i>Livre de la Chasse</i>) :<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org/stream/masterofgameo00edwa#page/n183/mode/2up">[2]</a> writes (Chapter XX): </p> <blockquote> <p>And the length of the hounds' couples between the hounds should be a foot, and the rope of a limer three fathoms and a half, be he ever so wise a limer it sufficeth. </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kinds_of_hounds_used_as_limers">Kinds of hounds used as limers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Kinds of hounds used as limers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Finding_the_Hart_Pheb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Finding_the_Hart_Pheb.jpg/300px-Finding_the_Hart_Pheb.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Finding_the_Hart_Pheb.jpg/450px-Finding_the_Hart_Pheb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Finding_the_Hart_Pheb.jpg/600px-Finding_the_Hart_Pheb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1043" /></a><figcaption><i>Finding the Hart</i> from the famous medieval manuscript <i>Livre de la Chasse</i> by <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Phoebus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaston Phoebus">Gaston Phoebus</a>, Count de Foix. The handler has tied his heavily built limer to a tree, which he has climbed to spot the deer.</figcaption></figure> <p>Medieval hunting pictures generally show the limer as a hound of similar type to the running hounds, but larger and more heavily built. In England, the <a href="/wiki/Bloodhound" title="Bloodhound">Bloodhound</a> was so typically associated with the function of being a limer that <a href="/wiki/George_Turberville" title="George Turberville">George Turberville</a> uses the term "Bloodhound" (in preference to "limer", which was becoming archaic) for the French word "limier" throughout his 1575 translation of <i>La Venerie de Jaques du Fouilloux</i>. For instance, du Fouilloux says limiers of the <a href="/wiki/St._Hubert%27s_hound" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Hubert's hound">St. Hubert</a> kind are good, so that when Turberville translates 'limiers' as 'bloodhounds', he is not saying that St. Huberts and Bloodhounds are the same breed, only that they work well as leash hounds.<sup id="cite_ref-Turbervile_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turbervile-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Livre_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Livre-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though by then this form of hunting was becoming old-fashioned, in <i>Country Contentments, or the Husbandmans Recreations</i>, 1615, <a href="/wiki/Gervase_Markham" title="Gervase Markham">Gervase Markham</a> writes: </p> <blockquote> <p>The blacke hound, the black tann'd or he that is all liver-hew'd or the milke-white which is the true <i><a href="/wiki/Talbot_(dog)" class="mw-redirect" title="Talbot (dog)">Talbot</a></i>, are best for the string or lyam, for they do delight most in blood, and have a natural inclination to hunt dry-foot, and of these the largest are ever the best and most comely. </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Changes_in_hunting_practice">Changes in hunting practice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Changes in hunting practice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_master_of_game_BHL20517756.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/The_master_of_game_BHL20517756.jpg/250px-The_master_of_game_BHL20517756.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/The_master_of_game_BHL20517756.jpg/330px-The_master_of_game_BHL20517756.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/The_master_of_game_BHL20517756.jpg/500px-The_master_of_game_BHL20517756.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3744" data-file-height="2284" /></a><figcaption>French illustration showing a huntmaster teaching a huntsman how to hunt for <a href="/wiki/Hart_(deer)" title="Hart (deer)">hart</a> with the limer. </figcaption></figure> <p>In Great Britain, the <a href="/wiki/Hart_(deer)" title="Hart (deer)">hart</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">wild boar</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Fallow_deer" title="Fallow deer">fallow deer</a> buck were the only animals to be harboured with the limer; all other game was found, as well as hunted, by the free-running raches.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the wild boar became extinct, and the interest of British huntsmen changed to fox-hunting, the limer lost its usefulness. In France, <i>limiers</i> held by "valets de limiers" are used to follow tracks in the early morning before the hunt starts so as to determine where to set loose the pack. </p><p>The word 'limer' is first recorded in surviving texts from the mid-14th century, though the way it is used suggests it was by then a familiar term to the readers. By the late 16th century, as hunting practices were beginning to change, it was becoming rarer, and later usage reflects some confusion about what it refers to, some authors just regarding it as a large <a href="/wiki/Mastiff" title="Mastiff">mastiff</a>-type dog of impure breeding.<sup id="cite_ref-OED_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deer_hunting" title="Deer hunting">Deer hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dog_breeds" title="List of dog breeds">List of dog breeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extinct_dog_breeds" title="List of extinct dog breeds">List of extinct dog breeds</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Master-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Master_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEdward" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_York" title="Duke of York">Edward, Duke of York</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/themasterofgamet43452gut"><i>The Master of Game</i></a>. Project Gutenberg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Master+of+Game&rft.pub=Project+Gutenberg&rft.aulast=Edward&rft.aufirst=Duke+of+York&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fthemasterofgamet43452gut&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALimer" class="Z3988"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://%5Bhttps://archive.org/details/masterofgameoldexx00edwa%5D">[1]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OED-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OED_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OED_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Oxford English Dictionary</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+English+Dictionary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALimer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Turbervile-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Turbervile_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turbervile_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turbervile_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTurbervile1575" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Turbervile" class="mw-redirect" title="George Turbervile">Turbervile, George</a> (1575). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/turbervilesbook00turbgoog"><i>The Noble Art of Venerie or Hunting</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Noble+Art+of+Venerie+or+Hunting&rft.date=1575&rft.aulast=Turbervile&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fturbervilesbook00turbgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALimer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Livre-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Livre_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Livre_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFdu_Fouilloux1561" class="citation book cs1">du Fouilloux, Jaques (1561). <i>La Venerie de Jaques du Fouilloux</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Venerie+de+Jaques+du+Fouilloux&rft.date=1561&rft.aulast=du+Fouilloux&rft.aufirst=Jaques&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALimer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://expositions.bnf.fr/bestiaire/grand/12_03_bnf.htm">"BnF - Bestiaire médiéval"</a>. <i>expositions.bnf.fr</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=expositions.bnf.fr&rft.atitle=BnF+-+Bestiaire+m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexpositions.bnf.fr%2Fbestiaire%2Fgrand%2F12_03_bnf.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALimer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBerners1881" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Juliana_Berners" title="Juliana Berners">Berners, Dame Juliana</a> (1881) [First published 1486]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bokeofsaintalban00bernuoft"><i>The Boke of Saint Albans</i></a>. Introduction by <a href="/wiki/William_Blades" title="William Blades">William Blades</a>. London: Elliot Stock<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-05-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Boke+of+Saint+Albans&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Elliot+Stock&rft.date=1881&rft.aulast=Berners&rft.aufirst=Dame+Juliana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbokeofsaintalban00bernuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALimer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.sjc.ox.ac.uk/forests/glossary.htm">Forests and Chases of England and Wales: A Glossary.</a> St John's College, Oxford.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Hounds" title="Template:Hounds"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hounds" title="Template talk:Hounds"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hounds" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hounds"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hounds258" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hound" title="Hound">Hounds</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scent_hound" title="Scent hound">Scenthounds</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Dachsbracke" title="Alpine Dachsbracke">Alpine Dachsbracke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Foxhound" title="American Foxhound">American Foxhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Fran%C3%A7ais_de_Petite_V%C3%A9nerie" title="Anglo-Français de Petite Vénerie">Anglo-Français de Petite Vénerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ari%C3%A9geois" title="Ariégeois">Ariégeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artois_Hound" title="Artois Hound">Artois Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Black_and_Tan_Hound" title="Austrian Black and Tan Hound">Austrian Black and Tan Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basset_Art%C3%A9sien_Normand" title="Basset Artésien Normand">Basset Artésien Normand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basset_Bleu_de_Gascogne" title="Basset Bleu de Gascogne">Basset Bleu de Gascogne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basset_Fauve_de_Bretagne" title="Basset Fauve de Bretagne">Basset Fauve de Bretagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basset_Hound" title="Basset Hound">Basset Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Mountain_Hound" title="Bavarian Mountain Hound">Bavarian Mountain Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beagle" title="Beagle">Beagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beagle-Harrier" title="Beagle-Harrier">Beagle-Harrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_(dog)" title="Billy (dog)">Billy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_and_Tan_Coonhound" title="Black and Tan Coonhound">Black and Tan Coonhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloodhound" title="Bloodhound">Bloodhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluetick_Coonhound" title="Bluetick Coonhound">Bluetick Coonhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barak_hound" title="Barak hound">Bosnian Broken-haired Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briquet_de_Provence" title="Briquet de Provence">Briquet de Provence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briquet_Griffon_Vend%C3%A9en" title="Briquet Griffon Vendéen">Briquet Griffon Vendéen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Jura_Hound" title="Bruno Jura Hound">Bruno Jura Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chien_Fran%C3%A7ais_Blanc_et_Noir" title="Chien Français Blanc et Noir">Chien Français Blanc et Noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chien_Fran%C3%A7ais_Blanc_et_Orange" title="Chien Français Blanc et Orange">Chien Français Blanc et Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chien_Fran%C3%A7ais_Tricolore" title="Chien Français Tricolore">Chien Français Tricolore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Fino_Hound" title="Colombian Fino Hound">Colombian Fino Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dachshund" title="Dachshund">Dachshund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drever" title="Drever">Drever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunker" title="Dunker">Dunker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Coonhound" class="mw-redirect" title="English Coonhound">English Coonhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Foxhound" title="English Foxhound">English Foxhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erbi_Txakur" title="Erbi Txakur">Erbi Txakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Hound" title="Estonian Hound">Estonian Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Hound" title="Finnish Hound">Finnish Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gascon_Saintongeois" title="Gascon Saintongeois">Gascon Saintongeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Hound" title="German Hound">German Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Anglo-Fran%C3%A7ais_Blanc_et_Noir" title="Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Noir">Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Anglo-Fran%C3%A7ais_Blanc_et_Orange" title="Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Orange">Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Anglo-Fran%C3%A7ais_Tricolore" title="Grand Anglo-Français Tricolore">Grand Anglo-Français Tricolore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Basset_Griffon_Vend%C3%A9en" title="Grand Basset Griffon Vendéen">Grand Basset Griffon Vendéen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Bleu_de_Gascogne" title="Grand Bleu de Gascogne">Grand Bleu de Gascogne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Griffon_Vend%C3%A9en" title="Grand Griffon Vendéen">Grand Griffon Vendéen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Harehound" title="Greek Harehound">Greek Harehound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffon_Bleu_de_Gascogne" title="Griffon Bleu de Gascogne">Griffon Bleu de Gascogne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffon_Fauve_de_Bretagne" title="Griffon Fauve de Bretagne">Griffon Fauve de Bretagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffon_Nivernais" title="Griffon Nivernais">Griffon Nivernais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halden_Hound" title="Halden Hound">Halden Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamiltonst%C3%B6vare" title="Hamiltonstövare">Hamiltonstövare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover_Hound" title="Hanover Hound">Hanover Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrier_(dog_breed)" title="Harrier (dog breed)">Harrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygen_Hound" title="Hygen Hound">Hygen Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian_Coarse-haired_Hound" title="Istrian Coarse-haired Hound">Istrian Coarse-haired Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian_Shorthaired_Hound" title="Istrian Shorthaired Hound">Istrian Shorthaired Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry_Beagle" title="Kerry Beagle">Kerry Beagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liangshan_Dog" title="Liangshan Dog">Liangshan Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Hound" title="Lithuanian Hound">Lithuanian Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Mountain_Hound" title="Montenegrin Mountain Hound">Montenegrin Mountain Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otterhound" title="Otterhound">Otterhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Basset_Griffon_Vend%C3%A9en" title="Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen">Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Bleu_de_Gascogne" title="Petit Bleu de Gascogne">Petit Bleu de Gascogne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plott_Hound" title="Plott Hound">Plott Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poitevin_(dog)" class="mw-redirect" title="Poitevin (dog)">Poitevin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Hound" title="Polish Hound">Polish Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go%C5%84czy_Polski" title="Gończy Polski">Polish Hunting Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porcelaine" title="Porcelaine">Porcelaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posavac_Hound" title="Posavac Hound">Posavac Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastreador_Brasileiro" title="Rastreador Brasileiro">Rastreador Brasileiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbone_Coonhound" title="Redbone Coonhound">Redbone Coonhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabueso_Espa%C3%B1ol" title="Sabueso Español">Sabueso Español</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schillerst%C3%B6vare" title="Schillerstövare">Schillerstövare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schweizer_Laufhund" title="Schweizer Laufhund">Schweizer Laufhund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schweizerischer_Niederlaufhund" title="Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund">Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segugio_dell%27Appennino" title="Segugio dell'Appennino">Segugio dell'Appennino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segugio_Italiano" title="Segugio Italiano">Segugio Italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segugio_Maremmano" title="Segugio Maremmano">Segugio Maremmano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Hound" title="Serbian Hound">Serbian Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Tricolour_Hound" title="Serbian Tricolour Hound">Serbian Tricolour Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovensk%C3%BD_kopov" title="Slovenský kopov">Slovenský Kopov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smaland_Hound" title="Smaland Hound">Smalandstõvare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styrian_Coarse-haired_Hound" title="Styrian Coarse-haired Hound">Styrian Coarse-Haired Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarsus_%C3%A7atalburun" title="Tarsus çatalburun">Tarsus çatalburun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Hound" title="Transylvanian Hound">Transylvanian Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treeing_Walker_Coonhound" title="Treeing Walker Coonhound">Treeing Walker Coonhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigg_Hound" class="mw-redirect" title="Trigg Hound">Trigg Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrolean_Hound" title="Tyrolean Hound">Tyrolean Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdueza" title="Valdueza">Valdueza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Hound" title="Welsh Hound">Welsh Foxhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Country_Harrier" title="West Country Harrier">West Country Harrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westphalian_Dachsbracke" title="Westphalian Dachsbracke">Westphalian Dachsbracke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sighthounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Sighthounds">Sighthounds</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Hound" title="Afghan Hound">Afghan Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Staghound" title="American Staghound">American Staghound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azawakh" title="Azawakh">Azawakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhmull" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakhmull">Bakhmull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjara_Hound" title="Banjara Hound">Banjara Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borzoi" title="Borzoi">Borzoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chippiparai" title="Chippiparai">Chippiparai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chortai" title="Chortai">Chortai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galgo_Espa%C3%B1ol" title="Galgo Español">Galgo Español</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greyhound" title="Greyhound">Greyhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hortaya_borzaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Hortaya borzaya">Hortaya borzaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Wolfhound" title="Irish Wolfhound">Irish Wolfhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Greyhound" title="Italian Greyhound">Italian Greyhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaikadi_(dog)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaikadi (dog)">Kaikadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_dog" title="Kangaroo dog">Kangaroo dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanni" title="Kanni">Kanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombai_dog" title="Kombai dog">Kombai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levriero_Sardo" title="Levriero Sardo">Levriero Sardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longdog" title="Longdog">Longdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magyar_ag%C3%A1r" class="mw-redirect" title="Magyar agár">Magyar agár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahratta_Hound" title="Mahratta Hound">Mahratta Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudhol_Hound" title="Mudhol Hound">Mudhol Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Greyhound" title="Polish Greyhound">Polish Greyhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajapalayam_dog" title="Rajapalayam dog">Rajapalayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rampur_Greyhound" title="Rampur Greyhound">Rampur Greyhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saluki" title="Saluki">Saluki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Deerhound" title="Scottish Deerhound">Scottish Deerhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silken_Windhound" title="Silken Windhound">Silken Windhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloughi" title="Sloughi">Sloughi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taigan" title="Taigan">Taigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whippet" title="Whippet">Whippet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xigou" title="Xigou">Xigou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cur" title="Cur">Cur-type</a> hunting breeds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mouth_Cur" title="Black Mouth Cur">Black Mouth Cur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Lacy" title="Blue Lacy">Blue Lacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catahoula_Leopard_Dog" title="Catahoula Leopard Dog">Catahoula Leopard Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mouth_Cur#Florida_counterpart" title="Black Mouth Cur">Florida Brown Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feist_(dog_breed)" title="Feist (dog breed)">Feist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lurcher" title="Lurcher">Lurcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Cur" title="Mountain Cur">Mountain Cur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Feist" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain Feist">Mountain Feist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephens_Stock" title="Stephens Stock">Stephens Stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treeing_Cur" title="Treeing Cur">Treeing Cur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treeing_Tennessee_Brindle" title="Treeing Tennessee Brindle">Treeing Tennessee Brindle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Leopard_Hound" title="American Leopard Hound">American Leopard Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basenji" title="Basenji">Basenji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirneco_dell%27Etna" title="Cirneco dell'Etna">Cirneco dell'Etna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Hound" title="Cretan Hound">Cretan Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haofa_Tangkhul_Hui" title="Haofa Tangkhul Hui">Haofa Tangkhul Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibizan_Hound" title="Ibizan Hound">Ibizan Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maneto" title="Maneto">Maneto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampas_Deerhound" title="Pampas Deerhound">Pampas Deerhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharaoh_Hound" title="Pharaoh Hound">Pharaoh Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phu_Quoc_Ridgeback" title="Phu Quoc Ridgeback">Phu Quoc Ridgeback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podenco_Andaluz" title="Podenco Andaluz">Podenco Andaluz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podenco_Canario" title="Podenco Canario">Podenco Canario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Podengo" title="Portuguese Podengo">Portuguese Podengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodesian_Ridgeback" title="Rhodesian Ridgeback">Rhodesian Ridgeback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Ridgeback" title="Thai Ridgeback">Thai Ridgeback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xarnego_Valenciano" class="mw-redirect" title="Xarnego Valenciano">Xarnego Valenciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiasi_Dog" title="Xiasi Dog">Xiasi Dog</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extinct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckhound" title="Buckhound">Buckhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Hounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic Hounds">Celtic Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chien-gris" title="Chien-gris">Chien-gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumfriesshire_hound" title="Dumfriesshire hound">Dumfriesshire Black and Tan Foxhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Fauve_de_Bretagne" title="Grand Fauve de Bretagne">Grand Fauve de Bretagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_White_Hound" title="King's White Hound">King's White Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laconian_(dog)" title="Laconian (dog)">Laconian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Limer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Hound" title="Norman Hound">Norman Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Country_Beagle" title="North Country Beagle">North Country Beagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Croatian_Sighthound" title="Old Croatian Sighthound">Old Croatian Sighthound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Greyhound" class="mw-redirect" title="Potsdam Greyhound">Potsdam Greyhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rache" title="Rache">Rache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleuth_hound" title="Sleuth hound">Sleuth hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Hound" title="Southern Hound">Southern Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staghound" title="Staghound">Staghound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_(dog_breed)" title="Talbot (dog breed)">Talbot Hound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dd><b>Types:</b> <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Fran%C3%A7ais_and_Fran%C3%A7ais_(hound)" title="Anglo-Français and Français (hound)">Anglo-French hounds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basset" title="Basset">bassets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coonhound" title="Coonhound">coonhounds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feist_(dog_breed)" title="Feist (dog breed)">feists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lurcher" title="Lurcher">lurchers</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extinct_dog_breeds,_varieties,_landraces_and_types81" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#CEDFF2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Extinct_dog_varieties" title="Template:Extinct dog varieties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Extinct_dog_varieties" title="Template talk:Extinct dog varieties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Extinct_dog_varieties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Extinct dog varieties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extinct_dog_breeds,_varieties,_landraces_and_types81" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_extinct_dog_breeds" title="List of extinct dog breeds">Extinct dog breeds, varieties, landraces and types</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abyssinian_sand_terrier" title="Abyssinian sand terrier">African hairless dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaunt" title="Alaunt">Alaunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Mastiff" title="Alpine Mastiff">Alpine mastiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_polar_dog" title="Argentine polar dog">Argentine polar dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Mastiff" title="Belgian Mastiff">Belgian Mastiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_and_Tan_Terrier" title="Black and Tan Terrier">Black and Tan Terrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Paul_Terrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Paul Terrier">Blue Paul Terrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braque_Dupuy" title="Braque Dupuy">Braque Dupuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckhound" title="Buckhound">Buckhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullenbeisser" title="Bullenbeisser">Bullenbeisser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chien-gris" title="Chien-gris">Chien-gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiribaya_Dog" title="Chiribaya Dog">Chiribaya Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba_fighting_dog" title="Córdoba fighting dog">Córdoba fighting dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Sheepdog" title="Cumberland Sheepdog">Cumberland Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cur" title="Cur">Cur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalbo_dog" title="Dalbo dog">Dalbo dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogo_Cubano" title="Dogo Cubano">Dogo Cubano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumfriesshire_hound" title="Dumfriesshire hound">Dumfriesshire Black and Tan Foxhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Water_Spaniel" title="English Water Spaniel">English Water Spaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_White_Terrier" title="English White Terrier">English White Terrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terceira_Mastiff" title="Terceira Mastiff">Fila da Terceira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Fauve_de_Bretagne" title="Grand Fauve de Bretagne">Grand Fauve de Bretagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halls_Heeler" title="Halls Heeler">Halls Heeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Indian_Dog" title="Hare Indian Dog">Hare Indian Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Poi_Dog" title="Hawaiian Poi Dog">Hawaiian Poi Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_White_Hound" title="King's White Hound">King's White Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kur%C4%AB" title="Kurī">Kurī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laconian_(dog)" title="Laconian (dog)">Laconian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapponian_Shepherd" title="Lapponian Shepherd">Lapponian Shepherd</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Limer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquesan_Dog" title="Marquesan Dog">Marquesan Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molossus_(dog)" class="mw-redirect" title="Molossus (dog)">Molossus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Water_Dog" title="Moscow Water Dog">Moscow Water Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Spaniel" title="Norfolk Spaniel">Norfolk Spaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Hound" title="Norman Hound">Norman Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Country_Beagle" title="North Country Beagle">North Country Beagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Croatian_Sighthound" title="Old Croatian Sighthound">Old Croatian Sighthound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_English_Bulldog" title="Old English Bulldog">Old English Bulldog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Spanish_Pointer" title="Old Spanish Pointer">Old Spanish Pointer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Welsh_Grey_Sheepdog" title="Old Welsh Grey Sheepdog">Old Welsh Grey Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_Terrier" title="Paisley Terrier">Paisley Terrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Dog" title="Polynesian Dog">Polynesian Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rache" title="Rache">Rache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_tracker" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian tracker">Russian tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_water_dog" title="St. John's water dog">Saint John's water dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin_Husky" title="Sakhalin Husky">Sakhalin Husky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salish_Wool_Dog" title="Salish Wool Dog">Salish Wool Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleuth_hound" title="Sleuth hound">Sleuth hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Hound" title="Southern Hound">Southern Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staghound" title="Staghound">Staghound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahltan_Bear_Dog" title="Tahltan Bear Dog">Tahltan Bear Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahitian_Dog" title="Tahitian Dog">Tahitian Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_(dog_breed)" title="Talbot (dog breed)">Talbot Hound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techichi" title="Techichi">Techichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesem" title="Tesem">Tesem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_Bulldog" title="Toy Bulldog">Toy Bulldog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_Trawler_Spaniel" title="Toy Trawler Spaniel">Toy Trawler Spaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnspit_dog" title="Turnspit dog">Turnspit dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweed_Water_Spaniel" title="Tweed Water Spaniel">Tweed Water Spaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Hillman" title="Welsh Hillman">Welsh Hillman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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