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Hadgu</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Gebre Hadgu"> <meta name="keywords" content="Gebre Hadgu"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Gebre Hadgu"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 10</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Gebre Hadgu</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Socialist Ideology in Africa: A Comparative Study of Pre and Post Socialism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haymanot%20Gebre-Amlak">Haymanot Gebre-Amlak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selamawit%20Gebre-Amlak"> Selamawit Gebre-Amlak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since its original declaration in the 18th century, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels's Communist Manifesto has become one of the most influential political tracts. Socialism is a political path that leads towards communism by fostering a cooperative economy through the creation of cooperative enterprises, common ownership, state ownership, or shared equity. The ultimate objective of communism is to bring everyone working toward the same collective goal of a healthy, happy, and free society. The European establishment of 19-century colonial rule over the continent of Africa reinforced inflows of European investment and forced a profound change in the operation of labor and land markets. The colonial era and forced labor schemes in Africa lasted for several decades. When exiting from colonialism, these African countries were attracted to socialism’s ideology to bridge the social gap and freedom to their society. In this paper, we compare a pre and post socialist ideology and the impact in various African countries. We analyse the different aspects, which led to inconsistent outcomes. Our finding indicates that while they have some facets in common, each African country had a unique interpretation and influence from the socialist ideology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20politics" title="African politics">African politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socialism%20in%20Africa" title=" socialism in Africa"> socialism in Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20history" title=" African history"> African history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title=" Africa"> Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129913/socialist-ideology-in-africa-a-comparative-study-of-pre-and-post-socialism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Calibration and Validation of the Aquacrop Model for Simulating Growth and Yield of Rain-fed Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Under Different Soil Fertility Levels in the Semi-arid Areas of Tigray</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abadi%20Berhane">Abadi Berhane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walelign%20Worku"> Walelign Worku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berhanu%20Abrha"> Berhanu Abrha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebre%20Hadgu"> Gebre Hadgu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tigray"> Tigray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sesame is an important oilseed crop in Ethiopia; which is the second most exported agricultural commodity next to coffee. However, there is poor soil fertility management and a research-led farming system for the crop. The AquaCrop model was applied as a decision-support tool; which performs a semi-quantitative approach to simulate the yield of crops under different soil fertility levels. The objective of this experiment was to calibrate and validated the AquaCrop model for simulating the growth and yield of sesame under different nitrogen fertilizer levels and to test the performance of the model as a decision-support tool for improved sesame cultivation in the study area. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement in the 2016, 2017, and 2018 main cropping seasons. In this experiment, four nitrogen fertilizer rates; 0, 23, 46, and 69 Kg/ha nitrogen, and three improved varieties (Setit-1, Setit-2, and Humera-1). In the meantime, growth, yield, and yield components of sesame were collected from each treatment. Coefficient of determination (R2), Root mean square error (RMSE), Normalized root mean square error (N-RMSE), Model efficiency (E), and Degree of agreement (D) were used to test the performance of the model. The results indicated that the AquaCrop model successfully simulated soil water content with R2 varying from 0.92 to 0.98, RMSE 6.5 to 13.9 mm, E 0.78 to 0.94, and D 0.95 to 0.99; and the corresponding values for AB also varied from 0.92 to 0.98, 0.33 to 0.54 tons/ha, 0.74 to 0.93, and 0.9 to 0.98, respectively. The results on the canopy cover of sesame also showed that the model acceptably simulated canopy cover with R2 varying from 0.95 to 0.99, and a RMSE of 5.3 to 8.6%. The AquaCrop model was appropriately calibrated to simulate soil water content, canopy cover, aboveground biomass, and sesame yield; the results indicated that the model adequately simulated the growth and yield of sesame under the different nitrogen fertilizer levels. The AquaCrop model might be an important tool for improved soil fertility management and yield enhancement strategies of sesame. Hence, the model might be applied as a decision-support tool in soil fertility management in sesame production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquacrop%20model" title="aquacrop model">aquacrop model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sesame" title=" sesame"> sesame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20water%20productivity" title=" normalized water productivity"> normalized water productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen%20fertilizer" title=" nitrogen fertilizer"> nitrogen fertilizer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170301/calibration-and-validation-of-the-aquacrop-model-for-simulating-growth-and-yield-of-rain-fed-sesame-sesamum-indicum-l-under-different-soil-fertility-levels-in-the-semi-arid-areas-of-tigray" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Calibration and Validation of the Aquacrop Model for Simulating Growth and Yield of Rain-Fed Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Under Different Soil Fertility Levels in the Semi-arid Areas of Tigray, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abadi%20Berhane">Abadi Berhane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walelign%20Worku"> Walelign Worku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berhanu%20Abrha"> Berhanu Abrha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebre%20Hadgu"> Gebre Hadgu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sesame is an important oilseed crop in Ethiopia, which is the second most exported agricultural commodity next to coffee. However, there is poor soil fertility management and a research-led farming system for the crop. The AquaCrop model was applied as a decision-support tool, which performs a semi-quantitative approach to simulate the yield of crops under different soil fertility levels. The objective of this experiment was to calibrate and validate the AquaCrop model for simulating the growth and yield of sesame under different nitrogen fertilizer levels and to test the performance of the model as a decision-support tool for improved sesame cultivation in the study area. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement in the 2016, 2017, and 2018 main cropping seasons. In this experiment, four nitrogen fertilizer rates, 0, 23, 46, and 69 Kg/ha nitrogen, and three improved varieties (Setit-1, Setit-2, and Humera-1). In the meantime, growth, yield, and yield components of sesame were collected from each treatment. Coefficient of determination (R2), Root mean square error (RMSE), Normalized root mean square error (N-RMSE), Model efficiency (E), and Degree of agreement (D) were used to test the performance of the model. The results indicated that the AquaCrop model successfully simulated soil water content with R2 varying from 0.92 to 0.98, RMSE 6.5 to 13.9 mm, E 0.78 to 0.94, and D 0.95 to 0.99, and the corresponding values for AB also varied from 0.92 to 0.98, 0.33 to 0.54 tons/ha, 0.74 to 0.93, and 0.9 to 0.98, respectively. The results on the canopy cover of sesame also showed that the model acceptably simulated canopy cover with R2 varying from 0.95 to 0.99 and a RMSE of 5.3 to 8.6%. The AquaCrop model was appropriately calibrated to simulate soil water content, canopy cover, aboveground biomass, and sesame yield; the results indicated that the model adequately simulated the growth and yield of sesame under the different nitrogen fertilizer levels. The AquaCrop model might be an important tool for improved soil fertility management and yield enhancement strategies of sesame. Hence, the model might be applied as a decision-support tool in soil fertility management in sesame production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquacrop%20model" title="aquacrop model">aquacrop model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20water%20productivity" title=" normalized water productivity"> normalized water productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen%20fertilizer" title=" nitrogen fertilizer"> nitrogen fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canopy%20cover" title=" canopy cover"> canopy cover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sesame" title=" sesame"> sesame</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170361/calibration-and-validation-of-the-aquacrop-model-for-simulating-growth-and-yield-of-rain-fed-sesame-sesamum-indicum-l-under-different-soil-fertility-levels-in-the-semi-arid-areas-of-tigray-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> The Practices and Challenges of Secondary School Cluster Supervisors in Implementing School Improvement Program in Saesie Tsaeda Emba Woreda, Eastern Zone of Tigray Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haftom%20Teshale%20Gebre">Haftom Teshale Gebre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to the ministry of education’s school improvement program blueprint document (2007), the timely and basic aim of the program is to improve students’ academic achievement through creating conducive teaching and learning environments and with the active involvement of parents in the teaching and learning process. The general objective of the research is to examine the practices of cluster school supervisors in implementing school improvement programs and the major factors affecting the study area. The study used both primary and secondary sources, and the sample size was 93. Twelve people are chosen from each of the two clusters (Edaga Hamus and Adi-kelebes). And cluster ferewyni are Tekli suwaat, Edaga robue, and Kiros Alemayo. In the analysis stage, several interrelated pieces of information were summarized and arranged to make the analysis easily manageable by using statistics and data (STATA). Study findings revealed that the major four domains impacted by school improvement programs through their mean, standard deviation, and variance were 2.688172, 1.052724, and 1.108228, respectively. And also, the researcher can conclude that the major factors of the school improvement program and mostly cluster supervisors were inadequate attention given to supervision service and no experience in the practice of supervision in the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cluster" title="cluster">cluster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eastern%20Tigray" title=" eastern Tigray"> eastern Tigray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saesie%20Tsaeda%20Emba" title=" Saesie Tsaeda Emba"> Saesie Tsaeda Emba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPI" title=" SPI"> SPI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189558/the-practices-and-challenges-of-secondary-school-cluster-supervisors-in-implementing-school-improvement-program-in-saesie-tsaeda-emba-woreda-eastern-zone-of-tigray-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Prioritizing Forest Conservation Strategies Using a Multi-Attribute Decision Model to Address Concerns with the Survival of the Endangered Dragon Tree (Dracaena ombet Kotschy and Peyr.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfay%20Gidey">Tesfay Gidey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emiru%20Birhane"> Emiru Birhane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashenafi%20Manaye"> Ashenafi Manaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hailemariam%20Kassa"> Hailemariam Kassa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfay%20Atsbha"> Tesfay Atsbha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Negasi%20Solomon"> Negasi Solomon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadgu%20Hishe"> Hadgu Hishe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aklilu%20Negussie"> Aklilu Negussie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petr%20Madera"> Petr Madera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20G.%20Borges"> Jose G. Borges</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The globally endangered Dracaena ombet is one of the ten dragon multipurpose tree species in arid ecosystems. Anthropogenic and natural factors are now impacting the sustainability of the species. This study was conducted to prioritize criteria and alternative strategies for the conservation of the species using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model by involving all relevant stakeholders in the Desa'a dry Afromontane forest in northern Ethiopia. Information about the potential alternative strategies and the criteria for their evaluation was first collected from experts, personal experiences, and literature reviews. Afterward, they were validated using stakeholders' focus group discussions. Five candidate strategies with three evaluation criteria were considered for prioritization using the AHP techniques. The overall priority ranking value of the stakeholders showed that the ecological criterion was deemed as the most essential factor for the choice of alternative strategies, followed by the economic and social criteria. The minimum cut-off strategy, combining exclosures with the collection of only 5% of plant parts from the species, soil and water conservation, and silviculture interventions, was selected as the best alternative strategy for sustainable D. ombet conservation. The livelihood losses due to the selected strategy should be compensated by the collection of non-timber forest products, poultry farming, home gardens, rearing small ruminants, beekeeping, and agroforestry. This approach may be extended to study other dragon tree species and explore strategies for the conservation of other arid ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20strategies" title="conservation strategies">conservation strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20hierarchy%20process%20model" title=" analytical hierarchy process model"> analytical hierarchy process model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Desa%27a%20forest" title=" Desa'a forest"> Desa'a forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endangered%20species" title=" endangered species"> endangered species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overexploitation" title=" overexploitation"> overexploitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174113/prioritizing-forest-conservation-strategies-using-a-multi-attribute-decision-model-to-address-concerns-with-the-survival-of-the-endangered-dragon-tree-dracaena-ombet-kotschy-and-peyr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> A Cross-Sectional Study on Clinical Self-Efficacy of Final Year School of Nursing Students among Universities of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awole%20Seid">Awole Seid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yosef%20Zenebe"> Yosef Zenebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadgu%20Gerensea"> Hadgu Gerensea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kebede%20Haile%20Misgina"> Kebede Haile Misgina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Clinical competence is one of the ultimate goals of nursing education. Clinical skills are more than successfully performing tasks; it incorporates client assessment, identification of deficits and the ability to critically think to provide solutions. Assessment of clinical competence, particularly identifying gaps that need improvement and determining the educational needs of nursing students have great importance in nursing education. Thus this study aims determining clinical self-efficacy of final year school of nursing students in three universities of Tigray Region. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 224 final year school of nursing students from department of nursing, psychiatric nursing, and midwifery on three universities of Tigray region. Anonymous self-administered questionnaire was administered to generate data collected on June, 2017. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The result is described using tables and charts as required. Logistic regression was employed to test associations. Result: The mean age of students was 22.94 + 1.44. Generally, 21% of students have been graduated in the department in which they are not interested. The study demonstrated 28.6% had poor and 71.4% had good perceived clinical self-efficacy. Beside this, 43.8% of psychiatric nursing and 32.6% of comprehensive nursing students have poor clinical self-efficacy. Among the four domains, 39.3% and 37.9% have poor clinical self- efficacy with regard to ‘Professional development’ and ‘Management of care’. Place of the institution [AOR=3.480 (1.333 - 9.088), p=0.011], interest during department selection [AOR=2.202 (1.045 - 4.642), p=.038], and theory-practice gap [AOR=0.224 (0.110 - 0.457), p=0.000] were significantly associated with perceived clinical self-efficacy. Conclusion: The magnitude of students with poor clinically self efficacy was high. Place of institution, theory-practice gap, students interest to the discipline were the significant predictors of clinical self-efficacy. Students from youngest universities have good clinical self-efficacy. During department selection, student’s interest should be respected. The universities and other stakeholders should improve the capacity of surrounding affiliate teaching hospitals to set and improve care standards in order to narrow the theory-practice gap. School faculties should provide trainings to hospital staffs and monitor standards of clinical procedures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20self-efficacy" title="clinical self-efficacy">clinical self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20students" title=" nursing students"> nursing students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tigray" title=" Tigray"> Tigray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=northern%20Ethiopia" title=" northern Ethiopia"> northern Ethiopia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90227/a-cross-sectional-study-on-clinical-self-efficacy-of-final-year-school-of-nursing-students-among-universities-of-tigray-region-northern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90227.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Development of Probiotic Cereal Beverage Using Yeast and Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tuaumelsan%20Shumye%20Gebre">Tuaumelsan Shumye Gebre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shimelis%20Admassu%20Emire"> Shimelis Admassu Emire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Okomo%20Aloo"> Simon Okomo Aloo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramachandran%20Chelliah"> Ramachandran Chelliah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deog-Hwan%20Oh"> Deog-Hwan Oh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the fermentation of cereal substrates, based on the Ethiopian traditional beverage borde, using probiotic strains of Pediococcus acidilactici WS07 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae AM18 used singly and in co-culture. The pH and titratable acidity, microbial growth dynamics, fermentable sugars profile, volatile organic compounds, total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, pancreatic lipase, and α-glucosidase inhibition were analyzed. The viability of every tested strain remained higher than 7 log CFU/mL, satisfying the requirements suggested for probiotic food items. The formation of organic acids is what caused the pH to decrease from roughly 6.6 to 3.8, yet this had no effect on the viability of the microorganisms. The fermentation process, involving P. acidilactici WS07 and S. cerevisiae AM18, led to the utilization of initial carbohydrates, production of organic acids, and generation of volatile compounds that enhance flavor and aroma. Ethanol and glycerol concentrations increased during fermentation, particularly in co-culture assays, contributing to the sensory qualities and stability of the beverages. The primary organic acids generated during fermentation were lactic and acetic acids. A total of 22 volatile substances, such as acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, and other substances, were found. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that fermentation of maize and sorghum with P. acidilactici WS07 and S. cerevisiae AM18 enhances the antioxidant activity and inhibition of pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase, suggesting potential benefits in managing obesity and diabetes. Therefore, co-cultivating S. cerevisiae AM18 and P. acidilactici WS07 in cereal fermentation led to the successful production of probiotic drinks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotic%20beverage" title="probiotic beverage">probiotic beverage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pediococcus%20acidilactici" title=" Pediococcus acidilactici"> Pediococcus acidilactici</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saccharomyces%20cerevisiae" title=" Saccharomyces cerevisiae"> Saccharomyces cerevisiae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volatile%20compounds" title=" volatile compounds"> volatile compounds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188347/development-of-probiotic-cereal-beverage-using-yeast-and-lactic-acid-bacteria-fermentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188347.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Impact of Gender Difference on Crop Productivity: The Case of Decha Woreda, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getinet%20Gezahegn%20Gebre">Getinet Gezahegn Gebre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examined the impact of gender differences on Crop productivity in Decha woreda of southwest Kafa zone, located 140 Km from Jimma Town and 460 km southwest of Addis Ababa, between Bonga town and Omo River. The specific objectives were to assess the extent to which the agricultural production system is gender oriented, to examine access and control over productive resources, and to estimate men’s and women’s productivity in agriculture. Cross-sectional data collected from a total of 140 respondents were used in this study, whereby 65 were female-headed and 75 were male-headed households. The data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, percentage, t-test and chi-square were used to summarize and compare the information between the two groups. Moreover, Cobb-Douglas(CD) production function was used to estimate the productivity difference in agriculture between male and female-headed households. Results of the study showed that male-headed households (MHH) own more productive resources such as land, livestock, labor and other agricultural inputs as compared to female-headed households (FHH). Moreover, the estimate of CD production function shows that livestock, herbicide use, land size and male labor were statistically significant for MHH, while livestock, land size, herbicides use and female labor were significant variables for FHH. The crop productivity difference between MHH and FHH was about 68.83% in the study area. However, if FHH had equal access to the inputs as MHH, the gross value of the output would be higher by 23.58% for FHH. This might suggest that FHH would be more productive than MHH if they had equal access to inputs as MHH. Based on the results obtained, the following policy implication can be drawn: accessing FHH to inputs that increase the productivity of agriculture, such as herbicides, livestock and male labor; increasing the productivity of land; and introducing technologies that reduce the time and energy of women, especially for enset processing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20difference" title="gender difference">gender difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20productivity" title=" crop productivity"> crop productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GDP" title=" GDP"> GDP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163857/impact-of-gender-difference-on-crop-productivity-the-case-of-decha-woreda-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> The Impact of Gender Difference on Crop Productivity: The Case of Decha Woreda, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getinet%20Gezahegn%20Gebre">Getinet Gezahegn Gebre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examined the impact of gender differences on Crop productivity in Decha woreda of south west Kafa zone, located 140 Km from Jimma Town and 460 km south west of Addis Ababa, between Bonga town and Omo River. The specific objectives were to assess the extent to which the agricultural production system is gender oriented, to examine access and control over productive resources, and to estimate men’s and women’s productivity in agriculture. Cross-sectional data collected from a total of 140 respondents were used in this study, whereby 65 were female headed and 75 were male headed households. The data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, percentage, t-test, and chi-square were used to summarize and compare the information between the two groups. Moreover, Cobb-Douglas(CD) production function was to estimate the productivity difference in agriculture between male and female headed households. Results of the study showed that male headed households (MHH) own more productive resources such as land, livestock, labor, and other agricultural inputs as compared to female headed households (FHH). Moreover, the estimate of CD production function shows that livestock, herbicide use, land size, and male labor were statistically significant for MHH, while livestock, land size, herbicides use and female labor were significant variables for FHH. The crop productivity difference between MHH and FHH was about 68.83% in the study area. However, if FHH had equal access to the inputs as MHH, the gross value of the output would be higher by 23.58% for FHH. This might suggest that FHH would be more productive than MHH if they had equal access to inputs as MHH. Based on the results obtained, the following policy implication can be drawn: accessing FHH to inputs that increase the productivity of agriculture, such as herbicides, livestock, and male labor; increasing the productivity of land; and introducing technologies that reduce the time and energy of women, especially for inset processing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20difference" title="gender difference">gender difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop" title=" crop"> crop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=productivity" title=" productivity"> productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163943/the-impact-of-gender-difference-on-crop-productivity-the-case-of-decha-woreda-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Prevalence of Bovine Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Selected Dairy Farms in Zoba Anseba, Eritrea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redie%20Kidane%20Ghebrehawariat">Redie Kidane Ghebrehawariat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betiel%20Habte%20Hadgu"> Betiel Habte Hadgu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filmon%20Berhane%20Kahsay"> Filmon Berhane Kahsay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rim%20Berhane%20Fisehaye"> Rim Berhane Fisehaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Haile%20Kahsay"> Samuel Haile Kahsay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saron%20Yemane%20Yosief"> Saron Yemane Yosief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selemawit%20Mosazghi%20Gilazghi"> Selemawit Mosazghi Gilazghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A cross-sectional study was conducted from 22 February to 9 April 2022 on small, medium, and large holder dairy farms to determine the bovine mastitis prevalence and associated risk factors in the Anseba region, Eritrea. A total of 34 dairy farms and 193 dairy cows were randomly selected. Dairy cows were physically examined for any change on the udder and milk; a California mastitis test was performed to check sub-clinical mastitis; a closed-ended semi-structured questionnaire composed of 28 variables/risk factors (21 management risk factors and 7 animal-level risk factors) was used to determine the risk factors responsible for clinical and sub-clinical mastitis in the dairy cows. The overall cow-level prevalence of mastitis was 147 (76.2%). The animal level prevalence rate of clinical and sub-clinical mastitis was found to be 22 (11.4%) and 125 (64.8%), respectively, while herd level prevalence both for clinical and subclinical mastitis was found to be 14 (41.2%) and 26 (76.5%) respectively. Based on the already set P-value, which is <0.05, a number of risk factors were found to have a significant relationship with the occurrence of clinical and sub-clinical mastitis. Generally, animal risk factors such as animal age, parity, injury on the udder or teat, and previous history of mastitis presence of injury on the udder and lactation stage were risk factors with a significant relationship with the occurrence of clinical and sub-clinical mastitis. On the other hand, management risk factors with a significant relationship to the occurrence of clinical and sub-clinical mastitis were herd size, failure to milk mastitic cow, at last, educational level, floor type, failure to use a towel, using one towel for more than one cow and failure to practice mastitis test. From a total of 772 quarters, 280 (36.3%) were found positive for sub-clinical mastitis using the California mastitis test; of these, 70 (9%) were weakly positive, 90 (11.7%) were distinct positive, and 120 (15.5%) were strongly positive. Furthermore, 13 (1.7%) quarters were blocked. Quarter level prevalence was right front 80 (41.5%), left front 64 (33.3%), right hind 69 (35.8%) and left hind 67 (34.7%). The study has shown that mastitis is a major problem for dairy farms and the findings suggested that mastitis is one of the limiting factors in increasing milk production. Subclinical mastitis was found to be a devastating problem, and it occurred in all three breeds of lactating dairy cattle. Therefore, farmers should work hard to avoid the above-mentioned risk factors to minimize the infection of their dairy cattle by mastitis and thereby increase their profit. On the other hand, the Ministry of Agriculture, through the extension unit, should work in close contact with the farmers to increase awareness of the economic importance of the disease and associated risk factors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mastitis" title="mastitis">mastitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dairy%20cattle" title=" dairy cattle"> dairy cattle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anseba" title=" Anseba"> Anseba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eritrea" title=" Eritrea"> Eritrea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155014/prevalence-of-bovine-mastitis-and-associated-risk-factors-in-selected-dairy-farms-in-zoba-anseba-eritrea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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