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Antonio Stefano Benni - Wikipedia

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searchaux" style="display:none">Italian entrepreneur and politician</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Antonio Stefano Benni</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonio_Stefano_Benni2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Antonio_Stefano_Benni2.jpg/220px-Antonio_Stefano_Benni2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Antonio_Stefano_Benni2.jpg/330px-Antonio_Stefano_Benni2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Antonio_Stefano_Benni2.jpg/440px-Antonio_Stefano_Benni2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="632" data-file-height="756" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Communications">Minister of Communications</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />24 January 1935&#160;–&#32;31 October 1939</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Puppini" title="Umberto Puppini">Umberto Puppini</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Host-Venturi" title="Giovanni Host-Venturi">Giovanni Host-Venturi</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1880-04-18</span>)</span>18 April 1880<br /><a href="/wiki/Cuneo" title="Cuneo">Cuneo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">27 December 1945<span style="display:none">(1945-12-27)</span> (aged&#160;65)<br /><a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Fascist_Party" title="National Fascist Party">National Fascist Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data">entrepreneur</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Antonio Stefano Benni</b> (18 April 1880 – 27 December 1945) was an Italian entrepreneur and politician who served as <a href="/wiki/General_Confederation_of_Italian_Industry#former_presidents" title="General Confederation of Italian Industry">President</a> of the <a href="/wiki/General_Confederation_of_Italian_Industry" title="General Confederation of Italian Industry">General Confederation of Italian Industry</a> from 1923 until 1934. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Stefano_Benni&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His father, a financial intendant, died before his birth. He spent his childhood first in <a href="/wiki/Cuneo" title="Cuneo">Cuneo</a> and then, until 1883, in <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>. In 1894, forced by family to interrupt his studies, due to financial hardship, he stopped his studies and went to work as an apprentice for <a href="/wiki/Ercole_Marelli" title="Ercole Marelli">Ercole Marelli</a>. </p><p>Marelli produced small electrical and mechanical equipment, and from 1896 embarked on the path of production specialization with the manufacture of electric fans. This choice decreed the success of the company and its rapid dimensional growth: Marelli was responsible for the technical aspects of production, while the young Benni soon took charge of the organizational and commercial management. To guarantee a large market and create an efficient network of representatives, starting from 1900 he made numerous trips to <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>. </p><p>In a few years, Marelli's sales could be considerably on the domestic and foreign markets, and in 1905 Marelli and Benni decided to leave the city workshop to design and build, in seven months, a large factory in <a href="/wiki/Sesto_San_Giovanni" title="Sesto San Giovanni">Sesto San Giovanni</a> (Milan). The world conflict determined a further increase in the activities of Marelli which, in 1915, started the production of magnets. In 1919 Benni, together with Marelli and <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Agnelli" title="Giovanni Agnelli">Giovanni Agnelli</a>, established the <b>Fabbrica Italiana Magneti Marelli</b>, whose capital was paid in equal parts by <a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiat</a> and Marelli. </p><p>In 1922 Ercole Marelli died and his son Fermo took over the property. Benni assumed the presidency of the company and held the position from 1922 to 1935 when Fermo Marelli took over. He later covered several prestigious positions in prestigious banks, companies, and corporations. In the first post-war period, he was made a <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_Labour" title="Order of Merit for Labour">Knight of labour</a>. He was a member of the Higher Council of Economy and Labor and in 1921 he was elected Deputy of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a>. </p><p>In 1923 he was called to the presidency of <a href="/wiki/Confindustria" class="mw-redirect" title="Confindustria">Confindustria</a>, a role he left to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberto_Pirelli&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto Pirelli (page does not exist)">Alberto Pirelli</a> in 1934. </p><p>Also in 1923, he participated in <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Mussolini</a>'s political campaign carried out by the industrialists, who self-taxed themselves in the measure of 2 per thousand of the capital of their companies to favour the propaganda operations of the nascent regime; also for this operation, he was one of the deputies elected with the <a href="/wiki/National_List_(Italy)" title="National List (Italy)">Fascist list</a> in 1924. In 1929 he was included again in the fascist list which was elected by popular <a href="/wiki/Plebiscite" class="mw-redirect" title="Plebiscite">plebiscite</a>. </p><p>Starting from 24 January 1935, Benni held the position of Minister of Communications on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Mussolini_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Mussolini Cabinet">fascist government of Benito Mussolini</a>. Benni remained in that role until 31 October 1939. </p><p>In the last years of his life, he reduced his political activity. After 8 September he refused to join the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Italian Social Republic</a> and indeed, on the night of 20 August 1944, while he was in <a href="/wiki/Stresa" title="Stresa">Stresa</a>, he was arrested together with his wife by fascist agents under the orders of the prefect of <a href="/wiki/Novara" title="Novara">Novara</a>. Taken to the local town hall, he was brutally beaten, then locked up in the prisons of the castle of <a href="/wiki/Novara" title="Novara">Novara</a>. Benni claimed he never knew exactly why they arrested him; he believed, however, that they wanted to force him to give his adhesion to the Fascist Republic. He was released after about a month. </p><p>On 27 April 1945, the <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Committee" title="National Liberation Committee">National Liberation Committee</a> of Upper Italy (C.L.N.A.I.), broadcasting from the microphones of <a href="/wiki/Radio_Milano-Libert%C3%A0" title="Radio Milano-Libertà">Radio Milano Libertà</a>, included his name among the arrest orders issued with its first executive decree. To escape both the persecution of fascist agents and the threats of anti-fascist partisans, Benni emigrated to <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> before the end of the conflict. </p><p>He died in <a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a> on 27 December 1945. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Stefano_Benni&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/antonio-stefano-benni">Antonio Stefano Benni, Treccani.it</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Mussolini_Cabinet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background: #d7d7d7;;background: #c3c3c3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Fascist_symbol.svg/100px-Fascist_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Fascist_symbol.svg/150px-Fascist_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Fascist_symbol.svg/200px-Fascist_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="89" data-file-height="206" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Aeronautics <br />(since 1925)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italo_Balbo" title="Italo Balbo">Italo Balbo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Foreign Affairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Grandi" title="Dino Grandi">Dino Grandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Galeazzo Ciano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Agriculture<br />(abolished in 1923)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_De_Capitani_D%27Arzago" title="Giuseppe De Capitani D&#39;Arzago">Giuseppe De Capitani D'Arzago</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Agriculture and Forestry <br />(since 1929)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Acerbo" title="Giacomo Acerbo">Giacomo Acerbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmondo_Rossoni" title="Edmondo Rossoni">Edmondo Rossoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Tassinari" title="Giuseppe Tassinari">Giuseppe Tassinari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Pareschi" title="Carlo Pareschi">Carlo Pareschi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of the Colonies<br />(abolished in 1937)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Federzoni" title="Luigi Federzoni">Luigi Federzoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Lanza_di_Scalea" title="Pietro Lanza di Scalea">Pietro Lanza di Scalea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_De_Bono" title="Emilio De Bono">Emilio De Bono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Lessona" title="Alessandro Lessona">Alessandro Lessona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Italian Africa<br />(since 1937)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Lessona" title="Alessandro Lessona">Alessandro Lessona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attilio_Teruzzi" title="Attilio Teruzzi">Attilio Teruzzi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Communications <br />(since 1924)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costanzo_Ciano" title="Costanzo Ciano">Costanzo Ciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Puppini" title="Umberto Puppini">Umberto Puppini</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Antonio Stefano Benni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Host_Venturi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nino Host Venturi">Nino Host Venturi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Cini" title="Vittorio Cini">Vittorio Cini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Peverelli" title="Giuseppe Peverelli">Giuseppe Peverelli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Corporations <br />(since 1926)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bottai" title="Giuseppe Bottai">Giuseppe Bottai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Lantini" title="Ferruccio Lantini">Ferruccio Lantini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renato_Ricci" title="Renato Ricci">Renato Ricci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Tiengo" title="Carlo Tiengo">Carlo Tiengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullio_Cianetti" title="Tullio Cianetti">Tullio Cianetti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Ministry of Popular Culture <br />(since 1937)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Alfieri" title="Dino Alfieri">Dino Alfieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Pavolini" title="Alessandro Pavolini">Alessandro Pavolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Polverelli" title="Gaetano Polverelli">Gaetano Polverelli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of the Interior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Federzoni" title="Luigi Federzoni">Luigi Federzoni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Domestic Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orso_Mario_Corbino" title="Orso Mario Corbino">Orso Mario Corbino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesare_Nava" title="Cesare Nava">Cesare Nava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Belluzzo" title="Giuseppe Belluzzo">Giuseppe Belluzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Martelli" title="Alessandro Martelli">Alessandro Martelli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Domestic Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balbino_Giuliano" title="Balbino Giuliano">Balbino Giuliano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Ercole" title="Francesco Ercole">Francesco Ercole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesare_Maria_De_Vecchi" title="Cesare Maria De Vecchi">Cesare Maria De Vecchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bottai" title="Giuseppe Bottai">Giuseppe Bottai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Alberto_Biggini" title="Carlo Alberto Biggini">Carlo Alberto Biggini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_De_Stefani" class="mw-redirect" title="Alberto De Stefani">Alberto De Stefani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Volpi" title="Giuseppe Volpi">Giuseppe Volpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Mosconi" title="Antonio Mosconi">Antonio Mosconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Jung" title="Guido Jung">Guido Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Ignazio_Maria_Thaon_di_Revel" title="Paolo Ignazio Maria Thaon di Revel">Paolo Ignazio Maria Thaon di Revel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Acerbo" title="Giacomo Acerbo">Giacomo Acerbo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Justice and Affairs of Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Oviglio" title="Aldo Oviglio">Aldo Oviglio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Rocco" title="Alfredo Rocco">Alfredo Rocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_De_Francisci" title="Pietro De Francisci">Pietro De Francisci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrigo_Solmi" title="Arrigo Solmi">Arrigo Solmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Grandi" title="Dino Grandi">Dino Grandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_De_Marsico" title="Alfredo De Marsico">Alfredo De Marsico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Industry and Commerce</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teofilo_Rossi" title="Teofilo Rossi">Teofilo Rossi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Public Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriello_Carnazza" title="Gabriello Carnazza">Gabriello Carnazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gino_Sarrocchi" title="Gino Sarrocchi">Gino Sarrocchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Giuriati" title="Giovanni Giuriati">Giovanni Giuriati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michele_Bianchi" title="Michele Bianchi">Michele Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Araldo_di_Crollalanza" title="Araldo di Crollalanza">Araldo di Crollalanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Razza" title="Luigi Razza">Luigi Razza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Cobolli_Gigli" title="Giuseppe Cobolli Gigli">Giuseppe Cobolli Gigli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelchi_Serena" title="Adelchi Serena">Adelchi Serena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Gorla" title="Giuseppe Gorla">Giuseppe Gorla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenone_Benini" title="Zenone Benini">Zenone Benini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Diaz" title="Armando Diaz">Armando Diaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonino_Di_Giorgio" title="Antonino Di Giorgio">Antonino Di Giorgio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Gazzera" title="Pietro Gazzera">Pietro Gazzera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Labour and Social Security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Cavazzoni" title="Stefano Cavazzoni">Stefano Cavazzoni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Posts and Telegraphs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Antonio_Colonna" class="mw-redirect" title="Giovanni Antonio Colonna">Giovanni Antonio Colonna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costanzo_Ciano" title="Costanzo Ciano">Costanzo Ciano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of War Production<br />(since 6 February 1943)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Favagrossa" title="Carlo Favagrossa">Carlo Favagrossa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Public Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Gentile" title="Giovanni Gentile">Giovanni Gentile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Casati" title="Alessandro Casati">Alessandro Casati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Fedele" title="Pietro Fedele">Pietro Fedele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Belluzzo" title="Giuseppe Belluzzo">Giuseppe Belluzzo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Trades and Currencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Felice_Guarneri" title="Felice Guarneri">Felice Guarneri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffaello_Riccardi" title="Raffaello Riccardi">Raffaello Riccardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oreste_Bonomi" title="Oreste Bonomi">Oreste Bonomi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Press and Propaganda</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Galeazzo Ciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Alfieri" title="Dino Alfieri">Dino Alfieri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Freed Territories from Enemies<br />(abolished on 5 February 1923)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Giuriati" title="Giovanni Giuriati">Giovanni Giuriati</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #d7d7d7;;width:1%">Minister of Treasure <br />(merged into Ministry of Finance on 31 December 1922)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Tangorra" title="Vincenzo Tangorra">Vincenzo Tangorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_De_Stefani" class="mw-redirect" title="Alberto De Stefani">Alberto De Stefani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1111067#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1111067#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1111067#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000365857833">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/229499708">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwmQwydrD6r9qpKgjxv73">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/123554225">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2012034452">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Benni, Antonio Stefano &lt;1880-1945&gt;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CAGV017310">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074687913">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/8039104">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007390536005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="BENNI, Antonio Stefano"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/antonio-stefano-benni_(Dizionario-Biografico)">Italian People</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd123554225.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/146214447">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐67tlc Cached time: 20241122163226 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.428 seconds Real time usage: 0.664 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 8055/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 49329/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3058/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17015/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.246/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5469434/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 510.047 1 -total 54.00% 275.445 1 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