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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi"> <meta name="keywords" content="M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 217</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">217</span> Numerical Investigation of Hybrid Ferrofluid Unsteady Flow through Porous Channel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wajahat%20Hussain%20Khan">Wajahat Hussain Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zubair%20Akbar%20Qureshi"> M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The viscous, two-dimensional, incompressible, and laminar time-dependent heat transfer flow through a ferromagnetic fluid is considered in this paper. Flow takes place in a channel between two porous walls under the influence of the magnetic field located beyond the channel. It is assumed that there are no electric field effects and the variation in the magnetic field vector that could occur within the F <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20ferrofluid" title="hybrid ferrofluid">hybrid ferrofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20channel" title=" porous channel"> porous channel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129946/numerical-investigation-of-hybrid-ferrofluid-unsteady-flow-through-porous-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">216</span> Thermal Analysis for Darcy Forchheimer Effect with Hybrid Ferro Fluid Flow </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Ali%20Khan">Behzad Ali Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zubair%20Akbar%20Qureshi"> M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article analyzes the Darcy Forchheimer 2D Hybrid ferrofluid. The flow of a Hybrid ferrofluid is made due to an unsteady porous channel. The classical liquid water is treated as a based liquid. The flow in the permeable region is characterized by the Darcy-Forchheimer relation. Heat transfer phenomena are studied during the flow. The transformation of a partial differential set of equations into a strong ordinary differential frame is formed through appropriate variables. The numerical Shooting Method is executed for solving the simplified set of equations. In addition, a numerical analysis (ND-Solve) is utilized for the convergence of the applied technique. The influence of some flow model quantities like Pr (Prandtle number), r (porous medium parameter), F (Darcy-porous medium parameter), Re (Reynolds number), Pe (Peclet number) on velocity and temperature field are scrutinized and studied through sketches. Certain physical factors like f ''(η) (skin friction coefficient) and θ^'(η) (rate of heat transfer) are first derived and then presented through tables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=darcy%20forcheimer" title="darcy forcheimer">darcy forcheimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20ferro%20fluid" title=" hybrid ferro fluid"> hybrid ferro fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20medium" title=" porous medium"> porous medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20channel" title=" porous channel"> porous channel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129941/thermal-analysis-for-darcy-forchheimer-effect-with-hybrid-ferro-fluid-flow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">215</span> The Physical Impact of Nano-Layer Due to Dispersions of Carbon Nano-Tubes through an Absorbent Channel: A Numerical Nano-Fluid Flow Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zubair%20Akbar%20Qureshi">Muhammad Zubair Akbar Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Bari%20%20Farooq"> Abdul Bari Farooq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The intention of the current study to analyze the significance of nano-layer in incompressible magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) flow of a Newtonian nano-fluid consisting of carbon nano-materials has been considered through an absorbent channel with moving porous walls. Using applicable similarity transforms, the governing equations are converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations which are solved by using the 4th-order Runge-Kutta technique together with shooting methodology. The phenomena of nano-layer have also been modeled mathematically. The inspiration behind this segment is to reveal the behavior of involved parameters on velocity and temperature profiles. A detailed table is presented in which the effects of involved parameters on shear stress and heat transfer rate are discussed. Specially presented the impact of the thickness of the nano-layer and radius of the particle on the temperature profile. We observed that due to an increase in the thickness of the nano-layer, the heat transfer rate increases rapidly. The consequences of this research may be advantageous to the applications of biotechnology and industrial motive. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nano-tubes" title="carbon nano-tubes">carbon nano-tubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magneto-hydrodynamics" title=" magneto-hydrodynamics"> magneto-hydrodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-layer" title=" nano-layer"> nano-layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129942/the-physical-impact-of-nano-layer-due-to-dispersions-of-carbon-nano-tubes-through-an-absorbent-channel-a-numerical-nano-fluid-flow-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">214</span> Numerical Study of Entropy Generation Due to Hybrid Nano-Fluid Flow through Coaxial Porous Disks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Bilal%20Ameen">Muhammad Bilal Ameen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zubair%20Akbar%20Qureshi"> M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current investigation of two-dimensional hybrid nanofluid flows with two coaxial parallel disks has been presented. Consider the hybrid nanofluid has been taken as steady-state. Consider the coaxial disks that have been porous. Consider the heat equation to examine joule heating and viscous dissipation effects. Nonlinear partial differential equations have been solved numerically. For shear stress and heat transfer, results are tabulated. Hybrid nanoparticles and Eckert numbers are increasing for heat transfer. Entropy generation is expanded with radiation parameters Eckert, Reynold, Prandtl, and Peclet numbers. A set of ordinary differential equations is obtained to utilize the capable transformation variables. The numerical solution of the continuity, momentum, energy, and entropy generation equations is obtaining using the command bvp4c of Matlab as a solver. To explore the impact of main parameters like suction/infusion, Prandtl, Reynold, Eckert, Peclet number, and volume fraction parameters, various graphs have been plotted and examined. It is concluded that a convectional nanofluid is highly compared by entropy generation with the boundary layer of hybrid nanofluid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy%20generation" title="entropy generation">entropy generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20nano%20fluid" title=" hybrid nano fluid"> hybrid nano fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20disks" title=" porous disks"> porous disks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129934/numerical-study-of-entropy-generation-due-to-hybrid-nano-fluid-flow-through-coaxial-porous-disks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129934.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">213</span> Human TP53 Three Dimentional (3D) Core Domain Hot Spot Mutations at Codon, 36, 72 and 240 are Associated with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saima%20Saleem">Saima Saleem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Abbasi"> Zubair Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Hameed"> Abdul Hameed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansoor%20Ahmed%20Khan"> Mansoor Ahmed Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navid%20Rashid%20Qureshi"> Navid Rashid Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20Azhar"> Abid Azhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the leading cause of death in the developing countries like Pakistan. This problem aggravates because of the excessive use of available chewing products. In spite of widespread information on their use and purported legislations against their use the Pakistani markets are classical examples of selling chewable carcinogenic mutagens. Reported studies indicated that these products are rich in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and polyphenols. TP53 gene is involved in the suppression of tumor. It has been reported that somatic mutations caused by TP53 gene are the foundation of the cancer. This study aims to find the loss of TP53 functions due to mutation/polymorphism caused by genomic alteration and interaction with tobacco and its related ingredients. Total 260 tissues and blood specimens were collected from OSCC patients and compared with age and sex matched controls. Mutations in exons 2-11 of TP53 were examined by PCR-SSCP. Samples showing mobility shift were directly sequenced. Two mutations were found in exon 4 at nucleotide position 108 and 215 and one in exon 7 at nucleotide position 719 of the coding sequences in patient’s tumor samples. These results show that substitution of proline with arginine at codon 72 and serine with threonine at codon 240 of p53 protein. These polymorphic changes, found in tumor samples of OSCC, could be involved in loss of heterozygocity and apoptotic activity in the binding domain of TP53. The model of the mutated TP53 gene elaborated a nonfunctional unfolded p53 protein, suggesting an important role of these mutations in p53 protein inactivation and malfunction. This nonfunctional 3D model also indicates that exogenous tobacco related carcinogens may act as DNA-damaging agents affecting the structure of DNA. The interpretations could be helpful in establishing the pathways responsible for tumor formation in OSCC patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TP53%20mutation%2Fpolymorphism" title="TP53 mutation/polymorphism">TP53 mutation/polymorphism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OSCC" title=" OSCC"> OSCC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR-SSCP" title=" PCR-SSCP"> PCR-SSCP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20DNA%20sequencing" title=" direct DNA sequencing"> direct DNA sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20structure" title=" 3D structure"> 3D structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13540/human-tp53-three-dimentional-3d-core-domain-hot-spot-mutations-at-codon-36-72-and-240-are-associated-with-oral-squamous-cell-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">212</span> Perfomance of PAPR Reduction in OFDM System for Wireless Communications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alcardo%20Alex%20Barakabitze">Alcardo Alex Barakabitze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saddam%20Aziz"> Saddam Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zubair"> Muhammad Zubair </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a special form of multicarrier transmission that splits the total transmission bandwidth into a number of orthogonal and non-overlapping subcarriers and transmit the collection of bits called symbols in parallel using these subcarriers. In this paper, we explore the Peak to Average Power Reduction (PAPR) problem in OFDM systems. We provide the performance analysis of CCDF and BER through MATLAB simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bit%20error%20ratio%20%28BER%29" title="bit error ratio (BER)">bit error ratio (BER)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OFDM" title=" OFDM"> OFDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peak%20to%20average%20power%20reduction%20%28PAPR%29" title=" peak to average power reduction (PAPR)"> peak to average power reduction (PAPR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-carriers" title=" sub-carriers"> sub-carriers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28754/perfomance-of-papr-reduction-in-ofdm-system-for-wireless-communications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">542</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">211</span> An Analysis and Design of Mobile Payment System Based on NFC Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shafiq%20ur%20Rehman">Shafiq ur Rehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Ahmed%20Shaikh"> Zubair Ahmed Shaikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research provides the comparative study of different mobile payment system and proposes an efficient solution of mobile payment system. The research involves discovering how the mobile payment methods can be used and implemented keeping user and system interaction under consideration. The implementation of Nielsen’s heuristic and universal design principles enhanced the user’s interaction design and made the system more appropriate, understandable and visible to the end user. The design of application is greatly affected by the user driven factors. These factors help in the efficiency of the application usage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20payment%20system" title="mobile payment system">mobile payment system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=m-commerce" title=" m-commerce"> m-commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability" title=" usability"> usability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near%20field%20communication" title=" near field communication"> near field communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8689/an-analysis-and-design-of-mobile-payment-system-based-on-nfc-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8689.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">210</span> Analysing Architectural Narrative in 21st-Century Museums</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihjaz%20Zubair%20Pallakkan%20Tharammal">Ihjaz Zubair Pallakkan Tharammal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakshmi%20S.%20R."> Lakshmi S. R.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Storytelling has been an important part of human life over the course of history. It allows corporations to unlearn, examine and relearn. There are unique mediums of storytelling which can be used in an individual's normal life. For instance, the mind is shared through oral stories, comics, music, art, shape, etc. The research dreams of studying and looking at the ability of museums and the importance of incorporating architectural narratives in museums, mainly in 21st-century India. The research is also an exploratory and comparative assessment of narrative elements like semiotics, symbolism, spatial form, etc., and in the long run, derives strategies to format regions that communicate to the users. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museum" title="museum">museum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20narrative" title=" architectural narrative"> architectural narrative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narratology" title=" narratology"> narratology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20storytelling" title=" spatial storytelling"> spatial storytelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148568/analysing-architectural-narrative-in-21st-century-museums" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">209</span> Osteochondroma of Clivus: An Unusual Cause of Headache</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Faisal%20Khilji">Muhammad Faisal Khilji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Shoaib%20Hamid"> Rana Shoaib Hamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asim%20Qureshi"> Asim Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A fifty years old female presented in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital with complaints of migraine type headache for the last few months. Her last episode of headache was severe, increasing in intensity, associated with nausea but no fever, lasting more than 24 hours and not resolving with analgesics. On examination there was no neurological deficit. CT scan of brain showed a large Pedunculated, non-expansible, non-aggressive bony lesion in the clivus with its sharp fragment impinging into the pons. Findings were further confirmed with MRI brain. Trans-sphenoidal excision biopsy was done and histopathology proved the lesion to be osteochondroma of clivus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteochondroma" title="osteochondroma">osteochondroma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clivus" title=" clivus"> clivus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=headache" title=" headache"> headache</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT%20scan" title=" CT scan"> CT scan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18982/osteochondroma-of-clivus-an-unusual-cause-of-headache" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18982.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">208</span> Tourism Industry in Pakistan: Challenges Faced and Future Prospects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Misbah%20Shaheen">Misbah Shaheen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anam%20Qureshi"> Anam Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work we will discuss the challenges faced by tourism industry in Pakistan. Tourism plays vital role in the socio-economic growth of a country. The countries of world, with less tourism opportunities are lagging behind from other nations of the world. Pakistan is one of those countries which rich in historical places, natural beauty, and uniqueness in handmade items and also of green forests. Present study will discuss the challenges being faced by tourism industry with special focus on hotel industry and law and order situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handmade%20items" title=" handmade items"> handmade items</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotel%20industry" title=" hotel industry"> hotel industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25780/tourism-industry-in-pakistan-challenges-faced-and-future-prospects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">207</span> Synthesis of SnO Novel Cabbage Nanostructure and Its Electrochemical Property as an Anode Material for Lithium Ion Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongkui%20Cui">Yongkui Cui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fengping%20Wang"> Fengping Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hailei%20Zhao"> Hailei Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zubair%20Iqbal"> Muhammad Zubair Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziya%20Wang"> Ziya Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Li"> Yan Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pengpeng%20LV"> Pengpeng LV</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The novel 3D SnO cabbages self-assembled by nanosheets were successfully synthesized via template-free hydrothermal growth method under facile conditions.The XRD results manifest that the as-prepared SnO is tetragonal phase. The TEM and HRTEM results show that the cabbage nanosheets are polycrystalline structure consisted of considerable single-crystalline nanoparticles. Two typical Raman modes A1g=210 and Eg=112 cm-1 of SnO are observed by Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, galvanostatic cycling tests has been performed using the SnO cabbages as anode material of lithium ion battery and the electrochemical results suggest that the synthesized SnO cabbage structures are a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20property" title="electrochemical property">electrochemical property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrothermal%20synthesis" title=" hydrothermal synthesis"> hydrothermal synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20ion%20battery" title=" lithium ion battery"> lithium ion battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stannous%20oxide" title=" stannous oxide"> stannous oxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24607/synthesis-of-sno-novel-cabbage-nanostructure-and-its-electrochemical-property-as-an-anode-material-for-lithium-ion-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">206</span> Measurement of 238U, 232Th and 40K in Soil Samples Collected from Coal City Dhanbad, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Ahmad">Zubair Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Specific activities of the natural radionuclides 238U, 232Th and 40K were measured by using γ - ray spectrometric technique in soil samples collected from the city of Dhanbad, which is located near coal mines. Mean activity values for 238U, 232Th and 40K were found to be 60.29 Bq/kg, 64.50 Bq/kg and 481.0 Bq/kg, respectively. Mean radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, outdoor dose, external hazard index, internal hazard index, for the area under study were determined as 189.53 Bq/kg, 87.21 nGy/h, 0.37 mSv/y, 0.52 and 0.64, respectively. The annual effective dose to the general public was found 0.44 mSv/y. This value lies well below the limit of 1 mSv/y as recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection. Measured values were found safe for environment and public health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal%20city%20Dhanbad" title="coal city Dhanbad">coal city Dhanbad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamma-ray%20spectroscopy" title=" gamma-ray spectroscopy"> gamma-ray spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20radioactivity" title=" natural radioactivity"> natural radioactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20samples" title=" soil samples"> soil samples</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69814/measurement-of-238u-232th-and-40k-in-soil-samples-collected-from-coal-city-dhanbad-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">205</span> Male Oreochromis mossambica as Indicator for Water Pollution with Trace Elements in Relation to Condition Factor from Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naeem">Muhammad Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20M.%20Moeen-ud-Din%20Raheel"> Syed M. Moeen-ud-Din Raheel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Arshad"> Muhammad Arshad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naeem%20Qaisar"> Muhammad Naeem Qaisar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Khalid"> Muhammad Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zubair%20Ahmed"> Muhammad Zubair Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ashraf"> Muhammad Ashraf </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iron, Copper, Cadmium, Zinc, Manganese, Chromium levels were estimated to study the risk of trace elements on human consumption. The area of collection was Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan and was evaluated by means of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The standards find in favor of the six heavy metals were in accordance with the threshold edge concentrations on behalf of fish meat obligatory by European and other international normative. Regressions were achieved for both size (length and weight) and condition factor with concentrations of metal present in the fish body. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20mossambica" title="Oreochromis mossambica">Oreochromis mossambica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxic%20analysis" title=" toxic analysis"> toxic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20size" title=" body size"> body size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condition%20factor" title=" condition factor"> condition factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40825/male-oreochromis-mossambica-as-indicator-for-water-pollution-with-trace-elements-in-relation-to-condition-factor-from-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">584</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">204</span> In-Situ Synthesis of Zinc-Containing MCM-41 and Investigation of Its Capacity for Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide from Crude Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nastaran%20Hazrati">Nastaran Hazrati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akbar%20Miran%20Beigi"> Ali Akbar Miran Beigi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Abdouss"> Majid Abdouss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Vahid"> Amir Vahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen sulfide is the most toxic gas of crude oil. Adsorption is an energy-efficient process used to remove undesirable compounds such as H2S in gas or liquid streams by passing the stream through a media bed composed of an adsorbent. In this study, H2S of Iran crude oil was separated via cold stripping then zinc incorporated MCM-41 was synthesized via an in-situ method. ZnO functionalized mesoporous silica samples were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption and TEM. The obtained results of adsorption of H2S showed superior ability of all the materials and with an increase in ZnO amount adsorption was increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCM-41" title="MCM-41">MCM-41</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO" title=" ZnO"> ZnO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H2S%20removal" title=" H2S removal"> H2S removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22843/in-situ-synthesis-of-zinc-containing-mcm-41-and-investigation-of-its-capacity-for-removal-of-hydrogen-sulfide-from-crude-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">203</span> Challenges and Opportunities of Cloud-Based E-Learning Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kashif%20Laeeq">Kashif Laeeq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20A.%20Shaikh"> Zubair A. Shaikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paradigm of education is drastically changing from conventional to e-learning model. Due to ease of learning with various other benefits, several educational institutions are adopting the e-learning models. Some institutions are still willing to transform their educational system on to e-learning, but due to limited resources, they are still compromising on the old traditional system. The cloud computing could be one of the best solutions to overcome this problem by providing hardware, software, and infrastructure resources with cost efficient manner. The adoption of cloud computing in education will bring revolution in this paradigm. This paper introduces various positive features of e-learning and presents a way how cloud computing technology can be provisioned e-learning model. This paper also investigates the numerous challenges and opportunities that would be observed in cloud computing adoption in e-learning domain. The concept and knowledge present in this paper may create a new direction of research in the domain of cloud-based e-learning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud-based%20e-learning" title="cloud-based e-learning">cloud-based e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title=" e-learning"> e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing%20application" title=" cloud computing application"> cloud computing application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20learning" title=" smart learning"> smart learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42084/challenges-and-opportunities-of-cloud-based-e-learning-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">202</span> Morphological Study of Various Varieties of Aseel Chicken Breed Inhabiting District Hyderabad</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madiha%20Qureshi">Madiha Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was designed to explore the morphological variation of Aseel chicken varieties in district Hyderabad. A survey was conducted during 5th April 2017 to 23rd August 2017 in four localities of district Hyderabad including Tandojam, Goth karan khan shoro, tower market and railway line colony. A total number of 54 samples (20 males and 34 females) of six varieties of Aseel chicken breed (Sindhi, Mottled, Black, Lakha, Jawa, Kulang) were studied and identify with different morphological characters such as comb type, size of wattles and earlobes, plumage color, shank color, beak color and eye color. Great morphological diversity was observed among these varieties, and this study provides baseline information for future research in the area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aseel" title="Aseel">Aseel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyderabad" title=" Hyderabad"> Hyderabad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wattle" title=" wattle"> wattle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earlobe" title=" earlobe"> earlobe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comb" title=" comb"> comb</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90117/morphological-study-of-various-varieties-of-aseel-chicken-breed-inhabiting-district-hyderabad" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">201</span> Measuring the Impact of Brand Satisfaction, Brand Trust and Brand Experience on Brand Loyalty: An Empirical Study on the Skincare Products in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Azeem%20Qureshi">Muhammad Azeem Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammad%20Tahir"> Hammad Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fawwad%20Mahmood%20Butt"> Fawwad Mahmood Butt </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: This study examines empirically the effect of brand satisfaction, brand trust and brand experience on brand loyalty which can be helpful to retain and increase customer base and satisfying customer needs as well. Methodology: Data has been collected on convenient sampling method and cause and effect among variables has been measured by applying regression analysis technique. Findings: Finding of this study have supported the proposed hypotheses and results show that brand loyalty is significantly explained by brand satisfaction, brand trust and brand experience. Practical Implications: The outcome of this study provides a useful framework and importance of brand loyalty culture in Pakistan. Marketers can be benefited trough the findings of this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20experience" title="brand experience">brand experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20satisfaction" title=" brand satisfaction"> brand satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20trust" title=" brand trust"> brand trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20loyalty" title=" brand loyalty"> brand loyalty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hair-care%20products" title=" hair-care products"> hair-care products</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45123/measuring-the-impact-of-brand-satisfaction-brand-trust-and-brand-experience-on-brand-loyalty-an-empirical-study-on-the-skincare-products-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">200</span> Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Pigment Printed Textiles by Reducing Formaldehyde Content</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidra%20Saleemi">Sidra Saleemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raja%20Fahad%20Qureshi"> Raja Fahad Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farooq%20Ahmed"> Farooq Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Almas"> Rabia Almas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahir%20Jameel"> Tahir Jameel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aimed to decrease formaldehyde content in substrates printed by pigments using different fixation temperature and concentration of urea in order to produce eco-friendly textiles. Substrates were printed by hand screen printing method as per recipe followed by drying and curing. Standard test methods were adapted to measure formaldehyde content washing and rubbing fastness. Formaldehyde content is instantaneously decreased by raising the temperature during curing printed fabric. Good results of both dry and wet rubbing fastness were found at 160˚C slightly improved dry rubbing results are achieved with 2% urea at a curing temperature of 150˚C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formaldehyde%20content" title="formaldehyde content">formaldehyde content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pigment%20printing" title=" pigment printing"> pigment printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urea" title=" urea"> urea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=washing%20fastness" title=" washing fastness"> washing fastness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rubbing%20fastness" title=" rubbing fastness "> rubbing fastness </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53694/fabrication-of-eco-friendly-pigment-printed-textiles-by-reducing-formaldehyde-content" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">199</span> Effects of Alkalinity on the Treatment of Landfill Leachate through Algae Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahir%20Imran%20Qureshi">Tahir Imran Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed at finding out effects of potential influence of alkalinity on the treatment of landfill leachate through the growth of algae at varying dilution rates and toxicity potential. pH control proved to be an effective factor influencing on algal growth. With the use of algae Scenedesmus sp. for the treatment of leachate, a sharp increase in the growth of algae was recorded until pH 9. However, at pH 9.3 and 25 °C temperature, the growing trend of algae population showed a weakening tendency with the increase of total alkalinity in the leachate solution. Highest growth of algae was recorded in the leachate samples with alkalinity ranged at 1500-2500 mg CaCO3/L under neutral condition at pH 7 after 48 hours of cultivation time. Under the similar conditions, total nitrogen and total phosphorous in the leachate also reduced to 80% and 85%, respectively, however, no significant removal of COD was observed during the course of experiment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leachate%20treatment" title="leachate treatment">leachate treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microalgae" title=" microalgae"> microalgae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient%20removal" title=" nutrient removal"> nutrient removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ammonia%20toxicity" title=" ammonia toxicity"> ammonia toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44061/effects-of-alkalinity-on-the-treatment-of-landfill-leachate-through-algae-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">198</span> Infrared Thermography Applications for Building Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Yazdani">Hamid Yazdani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raheleh%20Akbar"> Raheleh Akbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Infrared thermography is a modern non-destructive measuring method for the examination of redeveloped and non-renovated buildings. Infrared cameras provide a means for temperature measurement in building constructions from the inside, as well as from the outside. Thus, heat bridges can be detected. It has been shown that infrared thermography is applicable for insulation inspection, identifying air leakage and heat losses sources, finding the exact position of heating tubes or for discovering the reasons why mold, moisture is growing in a particular area, and it is also used in conservation field to detect hidden characteristics, degradations of building structures. The paper gives a brief description of the theoretical background of infrared thermography. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrared%20thermography" title="infrared thermography">infrared thermography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=examination%20of%20buildings" title=" examination of buildings"> examination of buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emissivity" title=" emissivity"> emissivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20losses%20sources" title=" heat losses sources"> heat losses sources</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15901/infrared-thermography-applications-for-building-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">197</span> Characterization of Monoids by a New Generalization of Flatness Property</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdiyeh%20Abbasi">Mahdiyeh Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Golchin"> Akbar Golchin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is well-known that, using principal weak flatness property, some important monoids are characterized, such as regular monoids, left almost regular monoids, and so on. In this article, we define a generalization of principal weak flatness called GP-Flatness, and will characterize monoids by this property of their right (Rees factor) acts. Also we investigate new classes of monoids called generally regular monoids and generally left almost regular monoids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G-left%20stabilizing" title="G-left stabilizing">G-left stabilizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GP-flatness" title=" GP-flatness"> GP-flatness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generally%20regular" title=" generally regular"> generally regular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20weak%20flatness" title=" principal weak flatness"> principal weak flatness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36458/characterization-of-monoids-by-a-new-generalization-of-flatness-property" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">196</span> A Modified Shannon Entropy Measure for Improved Image Segmentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20A.%20U.%20Khan">Mohammad A. U. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20A.%20Kittaneh"> Omar A. Kittaneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Akbar"> M. Akbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tariq%20M.%20Khan"> Tariq M. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husam%20A.%20Bayoud"> Husam A. Bayoud </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Shannon Entropy measure has been widely used for measuring uncertainty. However, in partial settings, the histogram is used to estimate the underlying distribution. The histogram is dependent on the number of bins used. In this paper, a modification is proposed that makes the Shannon entropy based on histogram consistent. For providing the benefits, two application are picked in medical image processing applications. The simulations are carried out to show the superiority of this modified measure for image segmentation problem. The improvement may be contributed to robustness shown to uneven background in images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shannon%20entropy" title="Shannon entropy">Shannon entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20image%20processing" title=" medical image processing"> medical image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20segmentation" title=" image segmentation"> image segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modification" title=" modification"> modification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19414/a-modified-shannon-entropy-measure-for-improved-image-segmentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19414.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">195</span> Effects of CFRP Confinement on PCC and Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Jahangeer%20Munir">Muhammad Jahangeer Munir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liaqat%20Ali%20Qureshi"> Liaqat Ali Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junaid%20Ahmed"> Junaid Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the investigation regarding use of glass fibers in structural concrete members and determining the behavior of normal PCC, GFRC and retrofitted GFRC under different tests performed in the laboratory. Effect of retrofitting on the GFRC & PCC was investigated by using three patterns of CFRP wrapping. Properties like compressive, split tensile and flexural strength of normal GFRC and retrofitted GFRC were investigated and compared with their PCC counterparts. It was found that GFRC has more compressive strength as compared to PCC. At lower confinement pressures PCC behaves better than GFRC. Confinement efficiency was lower in GFRC as compared to PCC in terms of Split tensile strength. In case of GFRC all the patterns of wrapped CFRP strips showed more strength than their PCC counterparts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20fiber%20reinforced%20polymers" title="carbon fiber reinforced polymers">carbon fiber reinforced polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confinement" title=" confinement"> confinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20fibers" title=" glass fibers"> glass fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retrofitting" title=" retrofitting "> retrofitting </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22863/effects-of-cfrp-confinement-on-pcc-and-glass-fiber-reinforced-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">608</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">194</span> Investigating the Effects of Empowering the Employees in Managing Crimes by the Police</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Salimi">Akbar Salimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Moghimi"> Mehdi Moghimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Goal: The human resource empowerment is a new strategy in achieving a competitive advantage. The aim of the research is to understand crime management by the police by using this strategy. Method: The research is applied in terms of goal and it is a survey type research. The sample intended include all the police officers of a police station for as many as 52 people. The data were collected by a researcher made four choice questionnaire after the validity and reliability were confirmed. Findings: By regarding the Melhem pattern as the framework, four dimensions of empowerment were identified and the triangle of crime was explained and then four hypotheses proportionate to it were formulated. Results: Given the fact that the sample was all counted, all the four hypotheses were supported by using the average data received and by regarding the %50 as the criterion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title="management">management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empowerment" title=" empowerment"> empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employees" title=" employees"> employees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=police" title=" police"> police</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36785/investigating-the-effects-of-empowering-the-employees-in-managing-crimes-by-the-police" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">193</span> Detection of Chaos in General Parametric Model of Infectious Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javad%20Khaligh">Javad Khaligh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aghileh%20Heydari"> Aghileh Heydari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akbar%20Heydari"> Ali Akbar Heydari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mathematical epidemiological models for the spread of disease through a population are used to predict the prevalence of a disease or to study the impacts of treatment or prevention measures. Initial conditions for these models are measured from statistical data collected from a population since these initial conditions can never be exact, the presence of chaos in mathematical models has serious implications for the accuracy of the models as well as how epidemiologists interpret their findings. This paper confirms the chaotic behavior of a model for dengue fever and SI by investigating sensitive dependence, bifurcation, and 0-1 test under a variety of initial conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiological%20models" title="epidemiological models">epidemiological models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEIR%20disease%20model" title=" SEIR disease model"> SEIR disease model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifurcation" title=" bifurcation"> bifurcation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chaotic%20behavior" title=" chaotic behavior"> chaotic behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=0-1%20test" title=" 0-1 test"> 0-1 test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30790/detection-of-chaos-in-general-parametric-model-of-infectious-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">192</span> Business Ethics in Islam: Making Islamic Banking Attractive for the Customers Round the Globe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Ahmed%20Qureshi">Fahad Ahmed Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Is it essential for a Muslim businessperson and employees of Islamic financial institutions not only in Islamic Banks to perform his/her actions ethically in a universally, competing habitat? The answer is an emphatic NO! in Islam, ethics conduct all departments of life. The orders for eternal success or falah in Islam are the same for all Muslims–whether in managing their business activities or in carrying out their routine affairs. Without designating any circumstantial ambience, Allah specify people who achieve success as those who are “inviting to all that is good (Khayr), enjoining what is right (Ma'ruf) and forbidding what is wrong (Munkar).” Within a business context, however, what sole axioms of regimen should a company follow? What is a Muslim businessperson’s encumbrance to internal and external stakeholders? Although an organization’s top executives may display sterling ethical behavior, how can middle- and lower-level managers be enthusiastic to perform in a correspondingly ethical manner? What are some protocols that would clinch persistent ethical behavior in a Muslim business? <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business" title="business">business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title=" ethics"> ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finance" title=" finance"> finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islam" title=" Islam"> Islam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30657/business-ethics-in-islam-making-islamic-banking-attractive-for-the-customers-round-the-globe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">191</span> The Causes of Non-Disclosure of Intrafamilial Childhood Sexual Abuse and Its Effects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishtiaque%20Qureshi">Ishtiaque Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erum%20Muzaffar"> Erum Muzaffar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to analyze the causes of non-disclosure of intrafamilial childhood sexual abuse (IFCSA) among survivors studying in higher education institutions in Sindh, Pakistan. Employing a mixed-method approach, the research investigated the reasons behind non-disclosure. A quantitative survey conducted in higher education institutions identified IFCSA victims through purposive sampling, and the causes were assessed through in-depth interviews with 18 respondents. Subsequent analysis of the interview transcripts resulted in the categorization of respondents into three groups: (1) those fearing the consequences of revealing facts to their parents, (2) individuals unwilling to subject their parents to conflict with the perpetrator, and (3) those who could not disclose the abuse due to reasons not understood by them. Correlations among non-disclosing respondents were examined with respect to their socio-economic status, family structure, emotional availability of parents, and parenting style. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrafamilial%20childhood%20sexual%20abuse" title="intrafamilial childhood sexual abuse">intrafamilial childhood sexual abuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-disclosure" title=" non-disclosure"> non-disclosure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survivors%20of%20IFCSA" title=" survivors of IFCSA"> survivors of IFCSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-depth%20interviews" title=" in-depth interviews"> in-depth interviews</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181900/the-causes-of-non-disclosure-of-intrafamilial-childhood-sexual-abuse-and-its-effects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">50</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">190</span> Analysis of Economic Order Quantity, Safety Stock, Maximum Inventory Control, Lot Size and Reorder Point for Engro Polymers and Chemicals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akber%20Jaffri">Ali Akber Jaffri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asad%20Naseem"> Asad Naseem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javeria%20Khan"> Javeria Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Hamza"> Zubair Hamza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishtiaq"> Ishtiaq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to determine safety stock, maximum inventory level, reordering point, and reordering quantity by rearranging lot sizes for supplier and customer in MRO (maintenance repair operations) warehouse of Engro Polymers & Chemicals. To achieve the aim, physical analysis method and excel commands were carried out to elicit the customer and supplier data provided by the company. Initially, we rearranged the current lot sizes and MOUs (measure of units) in SAP software. Due to change in lot sizes, we have to determine the new quantities for safety stock, maximum inventory, reordering point and reordering quantity as per company's demand. By proposed system, we saved extra cost in terms of reducing time of receiving from vendor and in issuance to customer, ease of material handling in MRO warehouse and also reduce human efforts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance%20repair%20operation" title="maintenance repair operation">maintenance repair operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20inventory" title=" maximum inventory"> maximum inventory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reorder%20quantity" title=" reorder quantity"> reorder quantity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20stock" title=" safety stock"> safety stock</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47482/analysis-of-economic-order-quantity-safety-stock-maximum-inventory-control-lot-size-and-reorder-point-for-engro-polymers-and-chemicals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">189</span> Estimation of Rare and Clustered Population Mean Using Two Auxiliary Variables in Adaptive Cluster Sampling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nouman%20Qureshi">Muhammad Nouman Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Hanif"> Muhammad Hanif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adaptive cluster sampling (ACS) is specifically developed for the estimation of highly clumped populations and applied to a wide range of situations like animals of rare and endangered species, uneven minerals, HIV patients and drug users. In this paper, we proposed a generalized semi-exponential estimator with two auxiliary variables under the framework of ACS design. The expressions of approximate bias and mean square error (MSE) of the proposed estimator are derived. Theoretical comparisons of the proposed estimator have been made with existing estimators. A numerical study is conducted on real and artificial populations to demonstrate and compare the efficiencies of the proposed estimator. The results indicate that the proposed generalized semi-exponential estimator performed considerably better than all the adaptive and non-adaptive estimators considered in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auxiliary%20information" title="auxiliary information">auxiliary information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20cluster%20sampling" title=" adaptive cluster sampling"> adaptive cluster sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustered%20populations" title=" clustered populations"> clustered populations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hansen-Hurwitz%20estimation" title=" Hansen-Hurwitz estimation"> Hansen-Hurwitz estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98047/estimation-of-rare-and-clustered-population-mean-using-two-auxiliary-variables-in-adaptive-cluster-sampling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">188</span> Unpacking Public Value Destruction through Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries: A Critical Study of Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Ahmad">Zubair Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paolo%20Esposito"> Paolo Esposito</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The management of solid waste from its collection to disposal is a widespread issue all around the world. This is a stinging issue in the rural and urban areas of the developing and developed states of the world. The mismanagement in Pakistan in the context of solid waste is required to be recognized because it is not only affecting the health of the public but also affecting the health of the environment. Therefore, this study conducts qualitative research methodology and conducted interviews in Lahore, Karachi, Quetta, Peshawar and Islamabad’s solid waste management’s officials and waste pickers, for analyzing uses Grounded theory for the lens of thematic analysis to highlight how public value is being destroyed by the mismanagement of solid waste in Pakistan. This study critically examines the effects of corruption, mismanagement, lawlessness, lack of accountability, budgetary issues, and improper methods for the disposal of solid waste as the major factors that are destroying public value. Recognizing and addressing these factors is essential to improving the system of solid waste management in developing countries <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste%20management" title="solid waste management">solid waste management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20value%20destruction" title=" public value destruction"> public value destruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accountability" title=" accountability"> accountability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grounded%20theory" title=" grounded theory"> grounded theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188066/unpacking-public-value-destruction-through-solid-waste-management-in-developing-countries-a-critical-study-of-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">30</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zubair%20Akbar%20Qureshi&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zubair%20Akbar%20Qureshi&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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