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class="layout-content"> <div> <div id="block-yddrasil-content"> <article role="article" class="ydd-article overflow-hidden" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"> <meta itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemid="https://yle.fi/aihe/a/20-10001459"> <div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <div itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/w_180,h_180/v1513081794/yle-logo-c-svg.png"> <meta itemprop="width" content="180"> <meta itemprop="height" content="180"> </div> <meta itemprop="name" content="Yle"> </div> <div class="mb-24 pl-16 pr-16 ram:pl-0 ram:pr-0"> <h1 class="ydd-article-headline fnt-yle-black" itemprop="headline"> <span>Aleksi Lumpeen kolumni: Tulehtuneeseen susikeskusteluun sukeltaminen opetti minut kuuntelemaan</span> </h1> <div class="flex items-center"> <span class="icon icon--time"></span> <span class="clr-C txt-13" property="dc:date dc:created" content="2021-10-19T10:30:26+03:00" datatype="xsd:dateTime" rel="sioc:has_creator"> <span class="published" itemprop="datePublished" content="2021-10-19T10:30:26+03:00">Julkaistu 19.10.2021 10:30.</span> <meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2021-10-19T10:30:26+03:00"> </span> </div> </div> <div class="ydd-article-main-image mb-16 relative"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative"> <figure role="group"> <img alt="Ulkoiluvaatteisiin pukeutunut mies pieni lapsi selässään katsoo miettiväisenä kaukaisuuteen syksyisessä koivikossa" itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_4896,h_2754,c_crop,x_0,y_0/w_700/v1630413441/39-848398612e223f0ceef.jpg" data-base-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/" data-yle-id="39-848398612e223f0ceef" data-crop-coords="w_4896,h_2754,c_crop,x_0,y_0" data-image-width="4896" data-image-height="2754" data-image-version="1630413441" data-copyright="Aleksi Lumme" data-caption="" data-ydd-modal-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_88/w_4896,h_2754,c_crop,x_0,y_0/w_4896/w_1400,h_1400,c_fit/v1630413441/39-848398612e223f0ceef.jpg" data-ydd-modal-width="1400" data-ydd-modal-height="788" class="ydd-image__image js-ydd-image lazyload" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 4896 2754'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cpattern id='blurhash' patternUnits='userSpaceOnUse' width='4896' height='2754'%3E%3Cimage href='data:image/webp;base64,UklGRj4AAABXRUJQVlA4IDIAAADwAQCdASoQAAsAAUAmJYwC7AEQ/Jt/KdAA/utms1mzrKUzBOMRtinXV9JQGykfdJmAAA==' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect 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pr-16 ram:pl-0 ram:pr-0 scrolling-touch whitespace-nowrap"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemprop="author" class="flex-inline flex-shrink-0 items-center pb-8 pr-24 pt-8"> <a class="focus-underline flex items-center" itemprop="url" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/u/56-20-1541"> <div class="ydd-authors-list__placeholder-wrapper bg-clr-C clip-path-circle flex-shrink-0 mr-8 overflow-hidden rounded-full p-0"> <meta itemprop="image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_682,h_682,c_crop,x_0,y_134/w_700/v1634112253/39-866218616692c6b98e7.jpg"> <div class="ydd-authors-list__image" style="background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_80/w_682,h_682,c_crop,x_0,y_134/w_40/v1634112253/39-866218616692c6b98e7.jpg)"> </div> </div> <span class="flex flex-col txt-13"> <span 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Mutta loppujen lopuksi on merkitystä vain sillä, mitä opin kuuntelusta. Siinä epäonnistuminen näytti, millä tavalla voin olla osa ongelmaa silloinkin, kun tarkoitan hyvää. </p> <p>Määrittelin Susia ja ihmisiä -podcastia tehdessäni, että tässä podcastissa en tule nostamaan esiin ääripäiden ääniä. Ääripäät määrittelin tahoiksi, jotka puhuvat hyökkäävästi ja lähinnä muiden kuin oman viiteryhmänsä toiminnasta. Halusin jättää pois myös ne, jotka ovat lisäksi ymmärtäneet selvästi monia näistä asioista väärin tai eri tavalla kuin muut ovat ne tarkoittaneet. </p><p>Minulla oli oman metsästysharrastukseni kautta kohtuullisen hyvä kosketus siihen, millaisia tunteita ja tarpeita susiin kaikkein vihamielisimmin suhtautuvien ihmisten ajattelun taustalla on. Sen sijaanen tuntenut hyvin ihmisiä, jotka suojelevat sutta vapaaehtoistyönä. Kävin taustoittavia keskusteluja myös suojelujärjestöjen kanssa, mutta keskustelu sisälsi niin voimakkaita syytöksiä muiden susikonfliktin tahojen toiminnasta ja motivaatiosta, että en keksinyt, miten voisin ottaa tätä ääntä mukaan podcast-sarjaan. </p><p>Näin kävi osittain siksi, että minä en osannut kuunnella, mitä sanottujen asioiden taustalla oli, enkä osannut luoda tilaa, jossa ryhmän <em>omista </em>tarpeista tai tunteista olisi ollut mahdollista puhua turvallisesti. Olin osa me-te-asetelmaa. Yritin keskustella silloin kun minun olisi pitänyt vain kuunnella. </p><p>Tajusin, että vaikka rajaus on perusteltu, minun olisi silti ollut parempi löytää tapa, jolla jopa hyökkäävästi viestivät toimijat voisivat kokea, että heidän oma tarinansa ja erityisesti tarpeet ja tunteet sen takana tulisivat kuulluiksi ja hyväksytyiksi. Tämä on paljon pyydetty, sillä avoimuus ja tunteista puhuminen sotatilalta tuntuvassa kiistassa tuntuu suojausten laskemiselta vihollisen edessä. Voi olla vaikeaa nähdä, miten se auttaisi tilanteessa, mutta muuta toimivaa keinoa konfliktin ratkaisemiseksi ei kuitenkaan ole olemassa. </p><p>Miriam Attias on kirjoittanut <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12109241">kolumnissaan radikaalista kuuntelusta</a> näin: s<em>ovittelussa tiedetään, että kaikkien osapuolten täytyy saada kertoa tarinansa, ennen kuin päästään eteenpäin. Tarinan ensimmäiset versiot eivät kuitenkaan ole yleensä sellaisia, jotka rakentaisivat rauhaa. Ne ovat yleensä kaukana toisistaan, mustavalkoisia ja rajujakin. Ne eivät kuitenkaan ole lopullinen totuus, vaan keskustelunavaus. Niitä pohditaan ja syvennetään niin kauan, kunnes tulee tunne siitä, ettei kukaan osapuoli jyrää oman versionsa kanssa toisen yli.</em></p><p>Tämä kertoo siitä, kuinka vaikeaa polarisaation eli aggressiiviseksi kääntyneen me-te-asetelman purkaminen on. Ääripäiden välillä toimiva sillanrakentaja on osa ongelmaa, vaikka voisi helposti kuvitella juuri päinvastoin. Sillanrakennus luo pahimmillaan asetelman, jossa äärimmäiset ja hyökkäävät viestit vahvistuvat ja saavat toiston kautta uskottavuutta. Mikäli nämä ryhmät sivuutetaan ja jätetään ulos keskustelusta, sivuuttamisen kokemus pahentaa ongelmaa ja muuttaa toimintaa entistä aggressiivisemmaksi. </p><h2 class="ydd-heading-large">Rehellisyys omista tarpeista on ratkaisun avain</h2><p>Yksi ratkaisun avain on keskustelun kääntämisessä toisten virheiden ja pahuuden sijasta omiin tarpeisiin ja tunteisiin, eli siihen omaa toimintaa ohjaavaan omaan tarinaan. Tällaisen avoimen ja haavoittuvan keskustelun käyminen julkisesti on monessa tapauksessa mahdotonta. Siksi suurimmissa osassa konflikteja ratkaisun löytyminen on mahdollista ainoastaan täysin puolueettoman toimijan avulla, ja keskustelut on pakko käydä ilman yleisöä ainakin alussa.</p><p><em>Jos keskustelua käy minkäänlaisesta ryhmän edustajana, niin kuin minä sitä tein, onnistunut radikaali kuuntelu muistuttaa keskustelun sijasta vapaaehtoista turpaan ottamista. Siksi keskustelua ei haluta käydä tai jos käydään, se useimmiten epäonnistuu</em>. </p><p><br/>Susikonfliktissa ihmisten saamat arvet ovat syventyneet pahimmillaan vuosikymmenien aikana. Ihmisten tarpeet suteen liittyet ovat olleet voimakkaita pitkään. Niin halua suojella susia kuin omaan elämäntapaan suuntautuva uhka tunnetaan vahvana. Kuin näistä lähtökohdista on alettu keskustella, kysymykset on tulkittu hyökkäyksiksi, hyökkäykset ovat aiheuttaneet vastareaktioita ja vastareaktiot uusia vastareaktioita. Tuleminen julkisesti nöyryytetyksi herättää helposti kostonhimon ja saa aikaan koston kierteen. Monikaan ihminen ei kestä tällaisia kokemuksia katkeroitumatta. <br/><br/>Jos haluan olla osa ratkaisua, minun on hyväksyttävä, että tällainen painolasti on olemassa. Minun on myös ymmärrettävä, että vaikka painolastin seurauksena minuun tai minulle tärkeään ryhmään suuntautuu hyökkääviä kommentteja, minä en ole hyökkäyksen syy. Hyökkäys ei aiheuta minulle tai ryhmälleni tosiasiallista vaaraa, vaikka siltä tuntuisikin. Sen sijaan voin pahentaa ongelmaa hyökkäämällä takaisin. Antamalla syytösten lipua täysin ohitse ja etsimällä mitä niiden taustalta löytyy, saatan pystyä kiinnittämään huomiota tunteisiin ja kokemuksiin hyväksyen ne sellaisina kuin ne ovat. </p><p>Minä en voi muuttaa ihmisen tunnetta mutta voin nähdä tunteen ja tuoda täysin arvottamatta esiin, mitä havaitsen. “Vaikuttaa siltä, että tämä aihe herättää sinussa vihaa.” Jos onnistun sanoittamaan toisen ihmisen kokeman tunteen oikein, se saattaa hellittää, tai jos olenkin tulkinnut väärin, keskustelukumppanilla on mahdollista korjata tulkintaani. Tätä kutsutaan <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401/https://pekkafreese.com/aktiivinen-kuuntelu/">aktiiviseksi kuunteluksi</a> ja sen mahdollistama yhteys ihmisten välillä on jotain mitä elämästämme ja yhteiskunnastamme kipeästi puuttuu. </p><p>Oppiakseni kuuntelun arvon minun piti epäonnistua siinä. Haastatellessani tahoja, jotka hyökkäsivät sanallisesti metsästäjiä kohtaan, en pystynyt kuuntelemaan sen takana olevia kokemuksia tai tarinan ydintä. Halusin vain korjata retoriikan virheitä. En vastannut hyökkäävästi, mutta se ei vielä riittänyt. Merkitystä on vain sillä, että minulle kerrottu tarina ei tullut kuulluksi, enkä siten onnistunut sillä hetkellä olemaan osa ratkaisua.</p><p>Pelkästään tämän oppimiskokemuksen takia tiedän, että Susia ja ihmisiä oli minulle tekemisen arvoinen projekti.</p><p><em>Voit keskustella aiheesta keskiviikkoon 20.10. klo 21 asti myös tämän artikkelin kommenttiosiossa. Voidaksesi osallistua keskusteluun sinun on kirjauduttava sisään Yle Tunnuksella. Kaikki kommentit moderoidaan, joten maltathan hetken, mikäli kommenttisi ei heti ilmesty näkyviin. Muista hyvän keskustelun säännöt. Ei kiroilua eikä toisia loukkaavaa kieltä.</em></p><p>Kaikki <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401/https://areena.yle.fi/audio/1-50922291">Susia ja ihmisiä -podcastin jaksot</a> ovat nyt kuunneltavissa Areenassa!</p><p></p><p><strong>Lue myös:</strong></p><p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/a/20-10001419">Aleksi Lumpeen kolumni: Miksi Ruotsissa pienempi susikanta riittää takaamaan lajin elinvoimaisuuden kuin Suomessa?</a></p><p></p> </div> <div class="-ml-16 -mr-16"> <details class="ydd-article-tags__details mb-32 ml-16 mt-32"> <summary class="ydd-article-tags__summary cursor-pointer flex pb-16 pointer-events-none relative summary-reset user-select-none"> <div class="flex"> <div class="ydd-article-tags__pill bg-clr-H border-clr-B border-solid br flex items-center pointer-events-auto"> <span id="aria-article-tags" class="ydd-article-tags__pill-text clr-C truncate">Lisää aiheesta: <span aria-hidden="true" itemprop="keywords" content="susi, metsästys, tunne-elämä, koiraeläimet, koirat, Hyvin sanottu, julkinen keskustelu, kolumnit, keskustelu, tunteet, psykologia, petoeläimet">Susi, Metsästys</span> </span> <span class="ydd-article-tags__toggle ml-8"></span> </div> </div> </summary> <div class="ydd-article-tags__content pl-8"> <ul class="ydd-article-tags__list break-word list-reset relative w-full" aria-labelledby="aria-article-tags"> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-214262">Susi</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-207090">Metsästys</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-215468">Tunne-elämä</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-208948">Koiraeläimet</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-173358">Koirat</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-322187">Hyvin sanottu</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-208641">Julkinen keskustelu</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-215844">Kolumnit</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-206369">Keskustelu</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-205512">Tunteet</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-209053">Psykologia</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="ydd-article-tags__link clr-A" href="/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/t/18-206133">Petoeläimet</a> </li> </ul> </div> </details> <div class="ydd-comments mb-32" id="comments"> <h2 class="visually-hidden">Keskustelu</h2> <div id="yle-comments-plugin" class="js-ydd-comments-plugin lazyload" data-id="20-10001459"></div> </div> <aside id="ydd-article-related-content"> <div class="ydd-articles-list mb-32"> <div class="border-4 border-b-solid border-clr-B deco-line-title mb-16 mt-8 pl-16 pr-16 w-full"> <div class="items-center flex justify-between"> <h2 class="fnt-bold txt-15 uppercase" id="aria-articles-list-related-content"> Hyvin sanottu </h2> </div> </div> <ul aria-labelledby="aria-articles-list-related-content" class="list-reset"> <li class="ydd-articles-list__item block border-b-solid border-clr-B ml-16 mr-16 pb-16 pt-16"> <div class="ydd-articles-list__image mb-16"> <a class="block relative" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205211401/https://yle.fi/aihe/a/20-10001732" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-analytics-context=""> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative"> <figure role="group"> <img alt="Tunnistamaton oppilas istuu lattialla kirjastossa." itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_4000,h_4000,c_crop,x_1122,y_0/w_700/v1637920443/39-88457661a0a8f30dd3b.jpg" 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