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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ننوتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%DA%89%DB%90" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ونډې</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>خبرې 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مالومات</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">پټول</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">پیل</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-د_کلمې_ريښه" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#د_کلمې_ريښه"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱</span> <span>د کلمې ريښه</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-د_کلمې_ريښه-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-اقتصاد" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#اقتصاد"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۲</span> <span>اقتصاد</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-اقتصاد-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-سیاست" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#سیاست"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۳</span> <span>سیاست</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-سیاست-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-سرچنینې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#سرچنینې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴</span> <span>سرچنینې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-سرچنینې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="مالومات" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">سوسیالیزم</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ليکنه په بله ژبه کي وګورئ. دا ليکنه په ۱۵۶ ژبو کې شتون لري." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-156" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۱۵۶ ژبې</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – افریکانسي" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="افریکانسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismus" title="Sozialismus – سویس جرمن" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sozialismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="سویس جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – اراگونېسي" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="اراگونېسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gem%C7%A3nscipes_r%C7%A3d" title="Gemǣnscipes rǣd – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gemǣnscipes rǣd" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اشتراكية – عربي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اشتراكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="إشتراكية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إشتراكية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%87" title="اشتراكيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اشتراكيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="সমাজবাদ – اسامي" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সমাজবাদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="اسامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismu" title="Socialismu – استورياني" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Socialismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="استورياني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosializm" title="Sosializm – اذربایجاني" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sosializm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="اذربایجاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="سوسیالیسم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوسیالیسم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – باشکير" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="باشکير" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soc%C4%93l%C4%97zmos" title="Socēlėzmos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Socēlėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalismo" title="Sosyalismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sosyalismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сацыялізм – بېلاروسي" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сацыялізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بېلاروسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сацыялізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сацыялізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Социализъм – بلغاري" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Социализъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="সমাজতন্ত্র – بنگالي" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সমাজতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="সমাজতন্ত্র – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সমাজতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokialouriezh" title="Sokialouriezh – برېتون" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sokialouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="برېتون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalizam" title="Socijalizam – بوسني" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Socijalizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – کټلاني" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کټلاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%A2-hu%C3%B4i-ci%C5%8D-ngi%C3%AA" title="Siâ-huôi-ciō-ngiê – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Siâ-huôi-ciō-ngiê" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – چيچني" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="چيچني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سۆسیالیزم – منځنۍ کوردي" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سۆسیالیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="منځنۍ کوردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismus" title="Socialismus – چېکي" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Socialismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چېکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – چوواشي" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="چوواشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialaeth" title="Sosialaeth – ويلشي" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sosialaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ويلشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – ډنمارکي" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ډنمارکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismus" title="Sozialismus – الماني" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sozialismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="الماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalizm" title="Sosyalizm – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sosyalizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Σοσιαλισμός – یوناني" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σοσιαλισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یوناني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozial%C3%AEsum" title="Sozialîsum – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Sozialîsum" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – انګليسي" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انګليسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – اسپرانتو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="اسپرانتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – هسپانوي" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="هسپانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsialism" title="Sotsialism – حبشي" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sotsialism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="حبشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismo" title="Sozialismo – باسکي" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sozialismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="سوسیالیسم – فارسي" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوسیالیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialismi" title="Sosialismi – فینلنډي" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sosialismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsialism" title="Sotsialism – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Sotsialism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisma" title="Sosialisma – فاروئې" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sosialisma" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="فاروئې" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – فرانسوي" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisim" title="Socialisim – فرائیلیین" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Socialisim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="فرائیلیین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosjalisme" title="Sosjalisme – لوېديځ فريشي" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sosjalisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="لوېديځ فريشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3isialachas" title="Sóisialachas – ائيرلېنډي" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sóisialachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ائيرلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalism" title="Sosyalism – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Sosyalism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2isealachd" title="Sòisealachd – سکاټلېنډي ګېلک" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sòisealachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="سکاټلېنډي ګېلک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – ګلېشيايي" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ګلېشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91emoir%C5%A9rape" title="Ñemoirũrape – ګوراني" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñemoirũrape" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="ګوراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="સમાજવાદ – ګجراتي" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સમાજવાદ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="ګجراتي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa-fi_ch%C3%BA-ngi" title="Sa-fi chú-ngi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sa-fi chú-ngi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="סוציאליזם – عبراني" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוציאליזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – هندي" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="هندي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samajwaad" title="Samajwaad – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Samajwaad" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalizam" title="Socijalizam – کروايشيايي" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Socijalizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="کروايشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szocializmus" title="Szocializmus – هنګري" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szocializmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="هنګري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Սոցիալիզմ – آرمينيايي" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սոցիալիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="آرمينيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – انټرلنګوا" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="انټرلنګوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – انډونېزي" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انډونېزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialismo" title="Sosialismo – الوکو" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sosialismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="الوکو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – اڊو" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="اڊو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3s%C3%ADalismi" title="Sósíalismi – ايسلنډي" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sósíalismi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ايسلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – ایټالوي" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ایټالوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社会主義 – جاپاني" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="社会主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suoshalizim" title="Suoshalizim – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Suoshalizim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/cemtrusi%27o" title="cemtrusi'o – لوجبان" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="cemtrusi'o" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="لوجبان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – جاوايي" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="جاوايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="სოციალიზმი – جورجيائي" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სოციალიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="جورجيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sama%C9%A3_%C3%B1%C9%A9m_l%C9%A9ma%C9%A3z%C9%A9y%C9%9B" title="Samaɣ ñɩm lɩmaɣzɩyɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Samaɣ ñɩm lɩmaɣzɩyɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – قازق" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="قازق" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%98" title="សង្គមនិយម – خمر" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សង្គមនិយម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="خمر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6" title="ಸಮಾಜವಾದ – کناډا" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಮಾಜವಾದ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="کناډا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="사회주의 – کوریایی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사회주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – کراچی بالکر" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="کراچی بالکر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyal%C3%AEzm" title="Sosyalîzm – کردي" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sosyalîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="کردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socyalieth" title="Socyalieth – کورنيشي" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Socyalieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="کورنيشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – کرغيزي" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="کرغيزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismus" title="Socialismus – لاتیني" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Socialismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاتیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismus" title="Sozialismus – لوګزامبورګي" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sozialismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="لوګزامبورګي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – لمبرگیانی" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="لمبرگیانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – لومبارډ" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="لومبارډ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisim%C9%9B" title="Sosialisimɛ – لنګالا" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sosialisimɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="لنګالا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1" title="ສັງຄົມນິຍົມ – لاو" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສັງຄົມນິຍົມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="لاو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializmas" title="Socializmas – ليتواني" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Socializmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ليتواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C4%81lisms" title="Sociālisms – لېټواني" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sociālisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لېټواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – مایتھلي" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="مایتھلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4sialisma" title="Sôsialisma – ملغاسي" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sôsialisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ملغاسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Социјализам – مقدوني" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Социјализам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="مقدوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="സോഷ്യലിസം – مالايالم" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സോഷ്യലിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مالايالم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – منګولیایی" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="منګولیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – مراټهي" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="مراټهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – ملایا" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ملایا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – مرانديز" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="مرانديز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%92" title="ဆိုရှယ်လစ်ဝါဒ – برمایی" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆိုရှယ်လစ်ဝါဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="برمایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="سوسیالیسم – مزاندراني" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سوسیالیسم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="مزاندراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suggialismo" title="Suggialismo – نيپالين" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Suggialismo" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="نيپالين" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismus" title="Sozialismus – کښته آلماني" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sozialismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="کښته آلماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – نېپالي" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="نېپالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – نيواري" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="نيواري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – هالېنډي" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="هالېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – ناروېئي (بوکمال)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (بوکمال)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boso%C5%A1alisiti" title="Bosošalisiti – شمالي سوتو" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Bosošalisiti" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="شمالي سوتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – اوکسيټاني" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="اوکسيټاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਸਮਾਜਵਾਦ – پنجابي" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਮਾਜਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="پنجابي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socjalizm" title="Socjalizm – پولنډي" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Socjalizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سوشلزم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سوشلزم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – پورتګالي" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورتګالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susyalismu" title="Susyalismu – کېچوا" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Susyalismu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="کېچوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialissem" title="Socialissem – رومانیش" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Socialissem" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="رومانیش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – رومانیایی" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومانیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – روسي" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Соціалізм – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Соціалізм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – سخا" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="سخا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucial%C3%ACsimu" title="Sucialìsimu – سیلیسي" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sucialìsimu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سیلیسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – سکاټس" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="سکاټس" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سوشلزم – سندهي" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سوشلزم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="سندهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisma" title="Sosialisma – شمالي سامي" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Sosialisma" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="شمالي سامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalizam" title="Socijalizam – سرب-کروشيايي" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Socijalizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سرب-کروشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="සමාජවාදය – سينهالي" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සමාජවාදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="سينهالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializmus" title="Socializmus – سلوواکي" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Socializmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلوواکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializem" title="Socializem – سلوواني" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Socializem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلوواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hantiwadaag" title="Hantiwadaag – سومالي" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hantiwadaag" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="سومالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializmi" title="Socializmi – الباني" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Socializmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="الباني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Социјализам – سربيائي" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Социјализам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – سویډنی" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویډنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usoshalisti" title="Usoshalisti – سواهېلي" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Usoshalisti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سواهېلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="சமூகவுடைமை – تامل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சமூகவுடைமை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="సోషలిజం – تېليګو" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సోషలిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="تېليګو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="สังคมนิยม – تايلېنډي" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สังคมนิยม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تايلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalismo" title="Sosyalismo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sosyalismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalizm" title="Sosyalizm – ترکي" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sosyalizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – تاتار" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتار" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Соціалізм – اوکرايني" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Соціалізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="اوکرايني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="اشتراکیت – اردو" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اشتراکیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="اردو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsializm" title="Sotsializm – اوزبکي" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sotsializm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="اوزبکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socia%C5%82ismo" title="Sociałismo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sociałismo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializm" title="Socializm – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Socializm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_x%C3%A3_h%E1%BB%99i" title="Chủ nghĩa xã hội – وېتنامي" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa xã hội" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="وېتنامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisse" title="Socialisse – والون" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Socialisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="والون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalismo" title="Sosyalismo – وارۍ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sosyalismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="وارۍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社會主義 – وو چینایی" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="社會主義" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="وو چینایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="სოციალიზმი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სოციალიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="סאציאליזם – يديش" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאציאליזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="يديش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8C%E1%B9%A3es%C3%B3s%C3%AD%C3%A1l%C3%ADst%C3%AC" title="Ìṣesósíálístì – یوروبا" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìṣesósíálístì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="یوروبا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="社会主义 – چیني" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="社会主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C4%81-h%C5%8De-ch%C3%BA-g%C4%AB" title="Siā-hōe-chú-gī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siā-hōe-chú-gī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社會主義 – کانټوني" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="社會主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="کانټوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UCosulelwano" title="UCosulelwano – زولو" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UCosulelwano" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="زولو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7272#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="د ژبو خپلمنځي تړنې سمول" class="wbc-editpage">تړنې سمول</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="نوم-تشيالونه"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="د مخ مېنځپانگه کتل [c]" accesskey="c"><span>مخ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90:%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="د مخ د مېنځپانگې په اړه خبرې اترې (تر اوسه پورې نه شته) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>خبرې اترې</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">پښتو</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="کتنې"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85"><span>لوستل</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit" title="د دې مخ د سرچينې کوډ سمول [e]" accesskey="e"><span>سمول</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=history" title="د دې مخ پخوانۍ بڼې [h]" accesskey="h"><span>پېښليک کتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="اوزارونه" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">اوزارونه</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">پټول</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85"><span>لوستل</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit" title="د دې مخ د سرچينې کوډ سمول [e]" accesskey="e"><span>سمول</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=history"><span>پېښليک کتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:WhatLinksHere/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="د ويکي د ټولو هغو مخونو لړليک چې همدې مخ سره تړنې لري [j]" accesskey="j"><span>د دې مخ تړنې</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:RecentChangesLinked/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" rel="nofollow" title="له دې مخ سره د تړل شويو مخونو وروستي بدلونونه [k]" accesskey="k"><span>اړونده بدلونونه</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ps" title="دوتنې پورته کول [u]" accesskey="u"><span>انځور/رسنۍ پورته کول</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%DA%93%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="د ټولو ځانگړو پاڼو لړليک [q]" accesskey="q"><span>ځانگړي 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کړئ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fps.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585"><span>د QR کوډ يې ډاونلوډ کړئ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> چاپول/صادرول </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85"><span>يو کتاب جوړول</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=show-download-screen"><span>د PDF په بڼه ښکته کول</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&printable=yes" title="د دې مخ چاپي بڼه [p]" accesskey="p"><span>چاپي بڼه</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> په نورو پروژو کې </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Socialism" hreflang="en"><span>ويکيمېډيا کامنز</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7272" title="د نښلېدلي اومتوک زېرمتون توکي سره تړنه [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ويکي‌ډېټا توکی</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ښکارېدونکې بڼه"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ښکارېدونکې بڼه</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">پټول</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">د ويکيپېډيا، وړیا پوهنغونډ له خوا</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="ps" dir="rtl"><table class="js-no-interprojets" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:0em; padding-right:12px;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;font-family:Bahij Nazanin; background:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:right;"><div style="padding-bottom:0em;"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="float; margin:em" align="left"> </table><table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" style="float:left;clear:left;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2em">د <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87:%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="وېشنيزه:کمونيزم">ليکنو</a> برخه</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;padding-top:0;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;padding-bottom:0;font-size:140%;font-weight:medium;"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="کمونيزم">کمونيزم</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87:Red_star.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Red_star.svg/100px-Red_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Red_star.svg/150px-Red_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Red_star.svg/200px-Red_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="1175" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #cc0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;">منځپانګه</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="اشتراکي مالکيت">اشتراکي مالکيت</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%BA%D9%88%DA%9A%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87" title="مساوات غوښتنه">مساوات غوښتنه</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%90_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87" title="بې توپيره ټولنه">بې توپيره ټولنه</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%B4%D8%AE%DA%93%D9%87" title="طبقاتي شخړه">طبقاتي شخړه</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84%DB%90%D8%B2%D9%85" title="پرولټري انټرنېشنلېزم">پرولټري انټرنېشنلېزم</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="نړيوال انقلاب">نړيوال انقلاب</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #cc0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;">اړخونه</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کمونيزم حالت (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">د کمونيزم حالت</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA_%DA%AB%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="کمونيست ګوند (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">کمونيست ګوند</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="کمونيستي انقلاب (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">کمونيستي انقلاب</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85_%D8%A8%DA%BC%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کمونيزم بڼه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">د کمونيزم بڼه</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="مذهب او کمونيزم (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">مذهب او کمونيزم</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%90%D8%B2%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE%DA%86%D9%87" title="د کمونېزم تاریخچه">د کمونېزم تاریخچه</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #cc0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;">څانګې</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"><div class="hlist plainlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"><ul><li> <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="مارکسيزم">مارکسيزم</a> </li><li> <a 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title="مارکسیسم-لنینیسم-مائوئیسم (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">مارکسیسم-لنینیسم-مائوئیسم</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="خوجه‌ایسم (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">خوجه‌ایسم</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="تروتسکیزم">تروتسکیزم</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%86%D9%87" title="جوچه">جوچه</a> </li><li> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%90%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D9%84%DA%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کمونېستانو نوملړ (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">د کمونېستانو نوملړ</a></i> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="بعثيزم (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">بعثيزم</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="عربي سوسياليزم (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">عربي سوسياليزم</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #cc0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;">نړيوال</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="کمونستانو ټولنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">کمونستانو ټولنه</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%DA%93%DB%8D_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="لومړۍ نړيواله (تر اوسه پورې نه 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text-align:left;"><div style="text-align:right"> <div class="hlist plainlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"><ul><li> <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="کارل مارکس">کارل مارکس</a> •  <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%84%D8%B3" title="فردریش انګلس">فردریش انګلس</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="رزا لوکزامبورګ (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">رزا لوکزامبورګ</a> •  <a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88_%DA%AB%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="آنتونیو ګرامشي">آنتونیو ګرامشي</a> •  <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ولادمیر لینین">ولادمیر لینین</a> •  <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="لئون تروتسکی">لئون تروتسکی</a> •  <a 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حکمت</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #cc0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;">اړوند ليکنې</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="انارشيزم">انارشيزم</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8D_%D8%B6%D8%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="پانګوالۍ ضد (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">پانګوالۍ ضد</a> •  <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%DA%BC_%D8%A7%DA%93%D8%AE%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="کيڼ اړخی سياست">کيڼ اړخی سياست</a> •  <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%DA%93%D8%AE%D9%87" title="نوی کین اړخه">نوی کین اړخه</a> •  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%93%D9%87_%D8%AC%DA%AB%DA%93%D9%87" title="سړه جګړه">سړه جګړه</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF%DB%90%D9%85%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="دېموکراتيک سانتراليزم (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">دېموکراتيک سانتراليزم</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%8A%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="پرولتاريا ديکتاتوري (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">پرولتاريا ديکتاتوري</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="مک کارتيزم (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">مک کارتيزم</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سوسیالیسم علمی (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">سوسیالیسم علمی</a> •  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">سوسیالیزم</a> •  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="شوروي اتحاد">شوروي اتحاد</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88_%DA%A9%DB%90_%DA%89%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B2%DB%90_%D9%88%DA%98%D9%86%DB%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="په کمونيستي حکومتونو کې ډله ييزې وژنې (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">په کمونيستي حکومتونو کې ډله ييزې وژنې</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding-top: 0.6em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r327768">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:right;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D_%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90:%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85_%DA%85%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%BE%D9%BC%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کينډۍ خبرې اترې:کمونيزم څنګپټه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><abbr title="د دې کينډۍ په اړه خبرې اترې">خ</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-سمول"><a class="external text" href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85_%DA%85%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%BE%D9%BC%D9%87&action=edit"><abbr title="دا کينډۍ سمه کړئ">س</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87:Commune_28_mars.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Commune_28_mars.jpeg/300px-Commune_28_mars.jpeg" decoding="async" width="300" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Commune_28_mars.jpeg/450px-Commune_28_mars.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Commune_28_mars.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="472" data-file-height="499" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>سوسیالېزم</b> یا ټولنواکي (Socialism) یوه سیاسي، ټولنیزه او اقتصادي فلسفه ده چې یو لړ اقتصادي او ټولنیز نظامونه پکې شاملېږي او د تولید د وسیلو پر ټولنیز مالکیت یا څښتنولۍ سره پېژندل کېږي. په دې فلسفه کې هغه سیاسي تیورۍ او خوځښتونه شامل دي چې له دا ډول نظامونو سره تړاو لري. ټولنیز مالکیت یا څښتنواله ښایي عامه، ډله‌ییزه، کوپراتیف یا مرستندوی، یا هم د برابرۍ اړوند یا سهامي وي. په داسې حال کې چې هېڅ داسې واحد تعریف نشته چې د سوسیالېزم یا ټولنپالنې ګڼ ډولونه راونغاړي، خو بیا هم ټولنیز مالکیت یې یو ګډ او عام عنصر دی. سوسیالېزمونه د سرچینو په تخصیص کې د بازارونو او پلانونو د رول پر بنسټ، په سازمانونو کې د مدیریت د جوړښت او له لاندې یا له پورته تګلارو سره توپیر لري، چې ځینې سوسیالېستان پکې د ګوند، دولت یا تیکنوکراتې کړنلارې خوښوي. سوسیالېستان په دې اړه سره یوه خوله نه دي چې ایا حکومت، په ځانګړې توګه موجوده حکومت د بدلون لپاره سمه وسیله ده کنه.<sup id="cite_ref-Busky1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Busky1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-N._Scott_Arnold_1998._pg._8_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-N._Scott_Arnold_1998._pg._8-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Horvat_Page_1516_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horvat_Page_1516-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Socialism_at_The_Free_dictionary_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Socialism_at_The_Free_dictionary-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Peter_Lamb_2006._p._1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peter_Lamb_2006._p._1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nove_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nove-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>سوسیالیستي سیاست دواړه نړیوال او ملتپال اړخونه لري، چې د سیاسي ګوندونو له لارې تنظیمېږي او د ګوندي سیاست مخالف دي او ځینې وختونه له سوداګریزو اتحادیو سره یوځای وي خو ځینې وختونه بیا له هغوی خپلواک او پر هغو انتقادي دریځ لري؛ او همدا راز په دواړو صنعتي او د پرمختګ په حال کې هېوادونو کې شته دی. سوسیال ډیموکراسۍ له سوسیالیستي غورځنګ څخه سرچینه اخیستې او د ټولنیز عدالت د ودې لپاره د اقتصادي او ټولنیزو مداخلو ملاتړ کوي. په داسې حال کې چې سوسیالېزم د اوږدمهال هدف په توګه مطرح دی، له جګړې وروسته دورې راهیسې د کینیزیا مخلوط اقتصاد په یوه تر ډېره پرمختللي پانګوال بازار اقتصاد او لیبرال ډیموکراتیک اقتصاد کې منل شوی، هغه سیاست چې د دولت مداخله د عاید تر بیا وېش، مقرراتو، او یوه سوکاله دولت پورې پراخوي. اقتصادي ډیموکراسي د مارکیټ سوسیالېزم یو داسې ډول وړاندیز کوي، چې د شرکتونو، اسعارو، پانګونې او طبیعي زېرمو لا ډېر ډیموکراتیک کنټرول پکې مطرح دی.<sup id="cite_ref-Kolb_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kolb-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Toward_a_Socialism_for_the_Future,_in_the_Wake_of_the_Demise_of_the_Socialism_of_the_Past_1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toward_a_Socialism_for_the_Future,_in_the_Wake_of_the_Demise_of_the_Socialism_of_the_Past_1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Social_Dividend_versus_Basic_Income_Guarantee_in_Market_Socialism,_2004_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Social_Dividend_versus_Basic_Income_Guarantee_in_Market_Socialism,_2004-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>سوسیالیستي سیاسي غورځنګ د سیاسي فلسفو یوه داسې ټولګه رانغاړي چې سرچینه یې د ۱۸مې پېړۍ له نیمایي څخه تر وروستیو پورې په انقلابي خوځښتونو او د هغو ټولنیزو ستونزو اړوند اندېښنه کې ده، چې له پانګوالۍ یا کپیټلېزم سره تړاو لري. د ۱۹مې پیړۍ په وروستیو کې، د کارل مارکس او د هغه د همکار فریدریش انګلس له اثارو وروسته، سوسیالېزم له پانګوالۍ یا کپیټلېزم سره د مخالفت او د تولید د وسیلو د ټولنیز مالکیت پر یوه بڼه ولاړ له پانګوالۍ-وروسته نظام د ملاتړ په معنا و. په ۱۹۲۰ لسیزه کې، کمونیزم او ټولنیزه ډیموکراسي په نړیوال سوسیالیستي غورځنګ کې دوه غالب سیاسي تمایلات وګرځېدل او سوسیالېزم په خپله د ۲۰مې پیړۍ ترټولو اغېزناک سیکولر غورځنګ شو. سوسیالیست ګوندونه او مفکورې په ټولو لویو وچو کې د قدرت او نفوذ په بېلابېلو کچو یو سیاسي ځواک پاتې شوی، چې د نړۍ په ډېری هېوادونو کې د ملي حکومتونو مشري کوي. په اوسني وخت کې ډېری سوسیالیستانو د نورو ټولنیزو خوځښتونو لکه فیمینیزم، چاپیریالیزم او پرمختګ پالنې لاملونه هم منلي دي. <sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>په داسې حال کې چې د نړۍ د لومړي په نامه سوسیالیستي دولت په توګه د شوروي اتحاد راڅرګندېدل له شوروي اقتصادي ماډل سره د سوسیالېزم د پراخې اړیکې لامل شو، ځینې اقتصاد پوهان لکه ریچارډ ډي وولف، او د نوم چومسکي په څېر نور پوهان فکر کوي چې په عمل کې دا ماډل د دولتي پانګوالۍ د یوې بڼې او یا هم د یوه غیرپلان شوي اداري یا کمانډ اقتصاد په توګه کار کوي. ګڼو څېړونکو، سیاسي مبصرینو، او پوهانو د استبدادي سوسیالیستي او ډیموکراټیک سوسیالیستي دولتونو ترمنځ توپیر کړی چې لومړی یې د ختیځ بلاک استازیتوب کوي او وروستی یې د لویدیځ بلاک هغو هیوادونو استازیتوب کوي چې په ډیموکراتیک ډول د سوسیالیستي ګوندونو له لوري اداره شوي، لکه د نورو ترڅنګ برېتانیا، فرانسه، سویډن او په ټوله کې لوېدیځ هېوادونه. <sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Anthony_Giddens_1994,_p._71_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anthony_Giddens_1994,_p._71-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="د_کلمې_ريښه"><span id=".D8.AF_.DA.A9.D9.84.D9.85.DB.90_.D8.B1.D9.8A.DA.9A.D9.87"></span>د کلمې ريښه</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&section=1" title="د سمولو برخه: د کلمې ريښه"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>د انډریو وینسنټ په اند، "د سوسیالېزم د کلمې ريښه له لاتیني کلمې <i>sociare</i> څخه ده، چې د یوځای کولو یا شریکولو معنا لري. په روم کې او بیا د منځنیو پېړیو په قوانینو کې یې اړونده او ډېره تخنیکي اصطلاح <i>societas</i> وه. دا وروستنۍ کلمه ښایي د ملګرۍ او انډیوالۍ معنا ولري او همدا راز ښایي د ازادو خلکو ترمنځ د یوه توافقي قرارداد د لا ډېرې قانوني یا حقوقي نظریې په معنا وي."<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>د سوسیالېزم لومړي ځل کارونې ادعا د پییر لیروکس له خوا وشوه، چا چې ادعا وکړه چې هغه په لومړي ځل په ۱۸۳۲ کال کې د پاریس په یوه ژورنال لي ګلوب (<i>Le Globe</i>) کې دا اصطلاح کارولې ده. لیروکس د هینري دي سینټ سیمون (Henri de Saint-Simon) پیرو و، کوم چې د یوتوپیان سوسیالېزم (utopian socialism) د بنسټګرانو له جملې بلل کېږي. سوسیالېزم د انفرادیت (individualism) له لېبرالې عقیدې یا دکترین سره په تضاد کې دی، کوم چې د فرد پر اخلاقي ارزښت ټینګار کوي او په ورته وخت کې وایي چې خلک داسې عمل کوي یا یې باید وکړي لکه دوی چې له یو بله جلا وي. اصلي یوتوپیان سوسیالیستانو د انفرادیت دا دکترین یا نظریه د صنعتي انقلاب په جریان کې د ټولنیزو اندېښنو په له منځه وړلو کې د پاتې راتلو له امله وغندله، چې بې‌وزلي، ظلم زیاتی او د شتمنۍ پراخه نابرابري پکې شامله وه. دوی خپلې ټولنې ته پر سیالۍ ولاړې ټولنې پرمټ ټولنیز ژوند ته د زیان رسولو په سترګه کتل. دوی سوسیالېزم د سرچینو د مشترک مالکیت پر بنسټ د لیبرال انفرادیت د بدیل په توګه وړاندې کړ. سینټ سیمون د اقتصادي پلان جوړونې، علمي ادارې او د ټولنې په جوړښت کې د علمي پوهې د پلي کولو وړاندیز وکړ. برعکس، رابرټ اوون (Robert Owen) وړاندیز وکړ چې تولید او مالکیت د کوپراتیفونو له لارې تنظیم کړي. سوسیالېزم په فرانسه کې ماري روچ لوئیس ریبوډ (Marie Roch Louis Reybaud) ته هم منسوب شوی، په داسې حال کې چې په انګلستان کې بیا اوون ته منسوب شوی، چې د کوپراتیف غورځنګ له پلرونو بلل کېږي.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kołakowski2005_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kołakowski2005-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Marvin_Perry_1600,_p._540_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marvin_Perry_1600,_p._540-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="اقتصاد"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.82.D8.AA.D8.B5.D8.A7.D8.AF"></span>اقتصاد</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&section=2" title="د سمولو برخه: اقتصاد"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>سوسیالیستي اقتصاد له دې فرضیې سرچینه اخلي چې "فرد په انزوا کې ژوند یا کار نه کوي، بلکې د یو بل سره په همکارۍ کې ژوند کوي. پر دې سربېره، هر هغه څه چې خلک یې تولیدوي په یو ډول ټولنیز محصول دی، او هرڅوک چې د کوم څیز په تولید کې ونډه اخلي، په هماغه څیز کې د برخې لرلو حق هم لري. له دې کبله، په مجموع کې ټولنه باید د خپلو ټولو غړو د ګټو لپاره ملکیت یا شتمني په واک کې ولري یا لږ تر لږه کنټرول پرې ولري."<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="سیاست"><span id=".D8.B3.DB.8C.D8.A7.D8.B3.D8.AA"></span>سیاست</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&section=3" title="د سمولو برخه: سیاست"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>په داسې حال کې چې په لویو سوسیالیستي سیاسي خوځښتونو کې انارشېزم، کمونیزم، د کارګر غورځنګ، مارکسیزم، ټولنیزه ډیموکراسي، او سنډیکالیزم شامل دي، خو په دغو خوځښتونو کې ممکن د خپلواکو سوسیالیستي تیوریستانو، یوټوپیان سوسیالیستي لیکوالانو، او د سوسیالیزم د علمي ملاتړو استازیتوب ونه شي. ځینې سیاسي ډلې ځانونه سوسیالیستي ډلې بولي په داسې حال کې چې داسې نظریات لري چې له کبله یې تر ډېره د سوسیالېزم مخالفین بلل کېږي. سوسیالیست د سیاسي حق (political right) له خوا د یوه لقب په توګه کارول شوی، چې د هغو اشخاصو پرضد چې ځانونه سوسیالیست نه ګڼي او د هغو پالیسیو پرضد چې د دوی پلویان یې سوسیالیستي نه ګڼي، دا کارېدن شاملېږي. په داسې حال کې چې د سوسیالیزم ګڼې بڼې شته دي او هېڅ یو داسې واحد تعریف نه لري چې ټول سوسیالیزم راونغاړي، خو بیا یې هم د پوهانو له لوري ځینې مشترک عناصر پېژندل شوي دي.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="سرچنینې"><span id=".D8.B3.D8.B1.DA.86.D9.86.DB.8C.D9.86.DB.90"></span>سرچنینې</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85&action=edit&section=4" title="د سمولو برخه: سرچنینې"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a class="external free" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Busky1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Busky1_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r262776">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFBusky2000" class="citation book cs1">Busky, Donald F. (2000). <i>Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey</i>. Praeger. p. 2. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-275-96886-1" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-275-96886-1 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-275-96886-1</bdi></a>. <q>Socialism may be defined as movements for social ownership and control of the economy. It is this idea that is the common element found in the many forms of socialism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democratic+Socialism%3A+A+Global+Survey&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-275-96886-1&rft.aulast=Busky&rft.aufirst=Donald+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1918" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-jul-greg-uncertainty"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upton_Sinclair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upton Sinclair (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Sinclair, Upton</a> (1 January 1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i0w9AQAAMAAJ"><i>Upton Sinclair's: A Monthly Magazine: for Social Justice, by Peaceful Means If Possible</i></a>. <q>Socialism, you see, is a bird with two wings. The definition is 'social ownership and democratic control of the instruments and means of production.'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Upton+Sinclair%27s%3A+A+Monthly+Magazine%3A+for+Social+Justice%2C+by+Peaceful+Means+If+Possible&rft.date=1918-01-01&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=Upton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di0w9AQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-N._Scott_Arnold_1998._pg._8-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-N._Scott_Arnold_1998._pg._8_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arnold, N. Scott (1998). <i>The Philosophy and Economics of Market Socialism: A Critical Study</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 8. "What else does a socialist economic system involve? Those who favor socialism generally speak of social ownership, social control, or socialization of the means of production as the distinctive positive feature of a socialist economic system."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Horvat_Page_1516-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Horvat_Page_1516_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFHorvat2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Branko_Horvat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Branko Horvat (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Horvat, Branko</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Reader_s_Guide_to_the_Social_Sciences/ip_IAgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA1516&printsec=frontcover">"Social ownership"</a>. In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_Michie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonathan Michie (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Michie, Jonathan</a> (ed.). <i>Reader's Guide to the Social Sciences, Volume 1</i>. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 1515–1516. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/9781135932268" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/9781135932268 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>9781135932268</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2021</span>. <q>Just as private ownership defines capitalism, social ownership defines socialism. The essential characteristic of socialism in theory is that it destroys social hierarchies, and therefore leads to a politically and economically egalitarian society. Two closely related consequences follow. First, every individual is entitled to an equal ownership share that earns an aliquot part of the total social dividend…Second, in order to eliminate social hierarchy in the workplace, enterprises are run by those employed, and not by the representatives of private or state capital. Thus, the well-known historical tendency of the divorce between ownership and management is brought to an end. The society—i.e. every individual equally—owns capital and those who work are entitled to manage their own economic affairs.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Social+ownership&rft.btitle=Reader%27s+Guide+to+the+Social+Sciences%2C+Volume+1&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pages=1515-1516&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9781135932268&rft.aulast=Horvat&rft.aufirst=Branko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FReader_s_Guide_to_the_Social_Sciences%2Fip_IAgAAQBAJ%3Fhl%3Den%26gbpv%3D1%26pg%3DPA1516%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFRosser2003" class="citation book cs1">Rosser, Marina V. and J Barkley Jr. (23 July 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparativeecono00jrjb"><i>Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy</i></a>. MIT Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparativeecono00jrjb/page/n64">53</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-262-18234-8" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-262-18234-8 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-262-18234-8</bdi></a>. <q>Socialism is an economic system characterised by state or collective ownership of the means of production, land, and capital.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comparative+Economics+in+a+Transforming+World+Economy&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=2003-07-23&rft.isbn=978-0-262-18234-8&rft.aulast=Rosser&rft.aufirst=Marina+V.+and+J+Barkley+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcomparativeecono00jrjb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFBertrand_BadieDirk_Berg-SchlosserLeonardo_Morlino2011" class="citation book cs1">Bertrand Badie; Dirk Berg-Schlosser; Leonardo Morlino (2011). <i>International Encyclopedia of Political Science</i>. SAGE Publications. p. 2456. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4129-5963-6" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4129-5963-6 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-4129-5963-6</bdi></a>. <q>Socialist systems are those regimes based on the economic and political theory of socialism, which advocates public ownership and cooperative management of the means of production and allocation of resources.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+Political+Science&rft.pages=2456&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4129-5963-6&rft.au=Bertrand+Badie&rft.au=Dirk+Berg-Schlosser&rft.au=Leonardo+Morlino&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFZimbalist,_Sherman_and_Brown1988" class="citation book cs1">Zimbalist, Sherman and Brown, Andrew, Howard J. and Stuart (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6/page/7"><i>Comparing Economic Systems: A Political-Economic Approach</i></a>. Harcourt College Pub. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6/page/7">7</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-15-512403-5" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-15-512403-5 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-15-512403-5</bdi></a>. <q>Pure socialism is defined as a system wherein all of the means of production are owned and run by the government and/or cooperative, nonprofit groups.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comparing+Economic+Systems%3A+A+Political-Economic+Approach&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Harcourt+College+Pub&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-15-512403-5&rft.aulast=Zimbalist%2C+Sherman+and+Brown&rft.aufirst=Andrew%2C+Howard+J.+and+Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcomparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6%2Fpage%2F7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFBrus2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wlodzimierz_Brus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wlodzimierz Brus (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Brus, Wlodzimierz</a> (2015). <i>The Economics and Politics of Socialism</i>. Routledge. p. 87. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-415-86647-7" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-415-86647-7 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-415-86647-7</bdi></a>. <q>This alteration in the relationship between economy and politics is evident in the very definition of a socialist economic system. The basic characteristic of such a system is generally reckoned to be the predominance of the social ownership of the means of production.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Economics+and+Politics+of+Socialism&rft.pages=87&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-415-86647-7&rft.aulast=Brus&rft.aufirst=Wlodzimierz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Socialism_at_The_Free_dictionary-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Socialism_at_The_Free_dictionary_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/socialism">"Socialism"</a>. The Free Dictionary. "2. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) any of various social or political theories or movements in which the common welfare is to be achieved through the establishment of a socialist economic system". Retrieved 27 January 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFO'Hara2003" class="citation book cs1">O'Hara, Phillip (2003). <i>Encyclopedia of Political Economy, Volume 2</i>. Routledge. p. 71. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-415-24187-8" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-415-24187-8 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-415-24187-8</bdi></a>. <q>In order of increasing decentralisation (at least) three forms of socialised ownership can be distinguished: state-owned firms, employee-owned (or socially) owned firms, and citizen ownership of equity.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Political+Economy%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-415-24187-8&rft.aulast=O%27Hara&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peter_Lamb_2006._p._1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Peter_Lamb_2006._p._1_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLambDocherty2006">Lamb & Docherty 2006</a>, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1994" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Scott (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/philosophyeconom00arno"><i>The Philosophy and Economics of Market Socialism: A Critical Study</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/philosophyeconom00arno/page/n21">7</a>–8. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-19-508827-4" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-19-508827-4 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-19-508827-4</bdi></a>. <q>This term is harder to define, since socialists disagree among themselves about what socialism 'really is.' It would seem that everyone (socialists and nonsocialists alike) could at least agree that it is not a system in which there is widespread private ownership of the means of production…To be a socialist is not just to believe in certain ends, goals, values, or ideals. It also requires a belief in a certain institutional means to achieve those ends; whatever that may mean in positive terms, it certainly presupposes, at a minimum, the belief that these ends and values cannot be achieved in an economic system in which there is widespread private ownership of the means of production…Those who favor socialism generally speak of social ownership, social control, or socialization of the means of production as the distinctive positive feature of a socialist economic system.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philosophy+and+Economics+of+Market+Socialism%3A+A+Critical+Study&rft.pages=7-8&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-19-508827-4&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fphilosophyeconom00arno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFHastings,_Mason_and_Pyper2000" class="citation book cs1">Hastings, Mason and Pyper, Adrian, Alistair and Hugh (21 December 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00hast/page/677"><i>The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00hast/page/677">677</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-19-860024-4" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-19-860024-4 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-19-860024-4</bdi></a>. <q>Socialists have always recognized that there are many possible forms of social ownership of which co-operative ownership is one...Nevertheless, socialism has throughout its history been inseparable from some form of common ownership. By its very nature it involves the abolition of private ownership of capital; bringing the means of production, distribution, and exchange into public ownership and control is central to its philosophy. It is difficult to see how it can survive, in theory or practice, without this central idea.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+Christian+Thought&rft.pages=677&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000-12-21&rft.isbn=978-0-19-860024-4&rft.aulast=Hastings%2C+Mason+and+Pyper&rft.aufirst=Adrian%2C+Alistair+and+Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordcompaniont00hast%2Fpage%2F677&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nove-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Nove_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFNove" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alec_Nove&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alec Nove (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Nove, Alec</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_S000173">"Socialism"</a>. <i>New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, Second Edition (2008)</i>. <q>A society may be defined as socialist if the major part of the means of production of goods and services is in some sense socially owned and operated, by state, socialised or cooperative enterprises. The practical issues of socialism comprise the relationships between management and workforce within the enterprise, the interrelationships between production units (plan versus markets), and, if the state owns and operates any part of the economy, who controls it and how.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Palgrave+Dictionary+of+Economics%2C+Second+Edition+%282008%29&rft.atitle=Socialism&rft.aulast=Nove&rft.aufirst=Alec&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionaryofeconomics.com%2Farticle%3Fid%3Dpde2008_S000173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Docherty, James C.; Lamb, Peter, eds. (2006). <i>Historical Dictionary of Socialism</i> (2nd ed.). Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movements. <b>73</b>. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. pp. 1–3. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-8108-5560-1" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-0-8108-5560-1">978-0-8108-5560-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kolb-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kolb_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFKolb2007" class="citation book cs1">Kolb, Robert (19 October 2007). <i>Encyclopedia of Business Ethics and Society, First Edition</i>. SAGE Publications, Inc. p. 1345. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4129-1652-3" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4129-1652-3 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-4129-1652-3</bdi></a>. <q>There are many forms of socialism, all of which eliminate private ownership of capital and replace it with collective ownership. These many forms, all focused on advancing distributive justice for long-term social welfare, can be divided into two broad types of socialism: nonmarket and market.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Business+Ethics+and+Society%2C+First+Edition&rft.pages=1345&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications%2C+Inc&rft.date=2007-10-19&rft.isbn=978-1-4129-1652-3&rft.aulast=Kolb&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFBockman2011" class="citation book cs1">Bockman, Johanna (2011). <i>Markets in the name of Socialism: The Left-Wing origins of Neoliberalism</i>. Stanford University Press. p. 20. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-8047-7566-3" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-8047-7566-3 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-8047-7566-3</bdi></a>. <q>socialism would function without capitalist economic categories—such as money, prices, interest, profits and rent—and thus would function according to laws other than those described by current economic science. While some socialists recognised the need for money and prices at least during the transition from capitalism to socialism, socialists more commonly believed that the socialist economy would soon administratively mobilise the economy in physical units without the use of prices or money.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Markets+in+the+name+of+Socialism%3A+The+Left-Wing+origins+of+Neoliberalism&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-7566-3&rft.aulast=Bockman&rft.aufirst=Johanna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFSteele1999" class="citation book cs1">Steele, David Ramsay (1999). <i>From Marx to Mises: Post Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation</i>. Open Court. pp. 175–177. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-87548-449-5" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-87548-449-5 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-87548-449-5</bdi></a>. <q>Especially before the 1930s, many socialists and anti-socialists implicitly accepted some form of the following for the incompatibility of state-owned industry and factor markets. A market transaction is an exchange of property titles between two independent transactors. Thus internal market exchanges cease when all of industry is brought into the ownership of a single entity, whether the state or some other organization, ... the discussion applies equally to any form of social or community ownership, where the owning entity is conceived as a single organization or administration.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Marx+to+Mises%3A+Post+Capitalist+Society+and+the+Challenge+of+Economic+Calculation&rft.pages=175-177&rft.pub=Open+Court&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-87548-449-5&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=David+Ramsay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Is Socialism Dead? A Comment on Market Socialism and Basic Income Capitalism</i>, by Arneson, Richard J. 1992. Ethics, vol. 102, no. 3, pp. 485–511. April 1992: "Marxian socialism is often identified with the call to organize economic activity on a nonmarket basis."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schweickart, David; Lawler, James; Ticktin, Hillel; Ollman, Bertell (1998). <i>Market Socialism: The Debate Among Socialists</i>. "The Difference Between Marxism and Market Socialism". pp. 61–63. "More fundamentally, a socialist society must be one in which the economy is run on the principle of the direct satisfaction of human needs. ... Exchange-value, prices and so money are goals in themselves in a capitalist society or in any market. There is no necessary connection between the accumulation of capital or sums of money and human welfare. Under conditions of backwardness, the spur of money and the accumulation of wealth has led to a massive growth in industry and technology ... . It seems an odd argument to say that a capitalist will only be efficient in producing use-value of a good quality when trying to make more money than the next capitalist. It would seem easier to rely on the planning of use-values in a rational way, which because there is no duplication, would be produced more cheaply and be of a higher quality."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Economics of Feasible Socialism Revisited</i>, by Nove, Alexander. 1991. p. 13: "Under socialism, by definition, it (private property and factor markets) would be eliminated. There would then be something like 'scientific management', 'the science of socially organized production', but it would not be economics."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFKotz" class="citation web cs1">Kotz, David M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://people.umass.edu/dmkotz/Soc_and_Cap_Diff_Syst_06_12.pdf">"Socialism and Capitalism: Are They Qualitatively Different Socioeconomic Systems?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Massachusetts<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Socialism+and+Capitalism%3A+Are+They+Qualitatively+Different+Socioeconomic+Systems%3F&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts&rft.aulast=Kotz&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpeople.umass.edu%2Fdmkotz%2FSoc_and_Cap_Diff_Syst_06_12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span> "This understanding of socialism was held not just by revolutionary Marxist socialists but also by evolutionary socialists, Christian socialists, and even anarchists. At that time, there was also wide agreement about the basic institutions of the future socialist system: public ownership instead of private ownership of the means of production, economic planning instead of market forces, production for use instead of for profit."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toward_a_Socialism_for_the_Future,_in_the_Wake_of_the_Demise_of_the_Socialism_of_the_Past_1-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Toward_a_Socialism_for_the_Future,_in_the_Wake_of_the_Demise_of_the_Socialism_of_the_Past_1_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Weisskopf, Thomas E. (1992). "Toward a Socialism for the Future, in the Wake of the Demise of the Socialism of the Past". <i>Review of Radical Political Economics</i>. <b>24</b> (3–4): 1–28. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%B4%DB%8C_%DA%89%DB%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%D8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د شی ډیجیتالی نشانګر (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F048661349202400302">10.1177/048661349202400302</a>. "Socialism has historically been committed to the improvement of people's material standards of living. Indeed, in earlier days many socialists saw the promotion of improving material living standards as the primary basis for socialism's claim to superiority over capitalism, for socialism was to overcome the irrationality and inefficiency seen as endemic to a capitalist system of economic organization." (p. 2).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFPrychitko2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Prychitko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Prychitko (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Prychitko, David L.</a> (2002). <i>Markets, Planning, and Democracy: Essays After the Collapse of Communism</i>. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 12. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-84064-519-4" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-84064-519-4 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-84064-519-4</bdi></a>. <q>Socialism is a system based upon de facto public or social ownership of the means of production, the abolition of a hierarchical division of labor in the enterprise, a consciously organized social division of labor. Under socialism, money, competitive pricing, and profit-loss accounting would be destroyed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Markets%2C+Planning%2C+and+Democracy%3A+Essays+After+the+Collapse+of+Communism&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-84064-519-4&rft.aulast=Prychitko&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFVon_Mises1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_von_Mises&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig von Mises (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Von Mises, Ludwig</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mises.org/sites/default/files/Economic%20Calculation%20in%20the%20Socialist%20Commonwealth_Vol_2_3.pdf"><i>Economic calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Mises Institute<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Economic+calculation+in+the+Socialist+Commonwealth&rft.pub=Mises+Institute&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Von+Mises&rft.aufirst=Ludwig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmises.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FEconomic%2520Calculation%2520in%2520the%2520Socialist%2520Commonwealth_Vol_2_3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hayek, Friedrich (1935). "The Nature and History of the Problem"; "The Present State of the Debate". <i>Collectivist Economic Planning</i>. pp. 1–40, 201–243.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Durlauf, Steven N.; Blume, Lawrence E., ed. (1987). <i>The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics Online</i>. Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved 2 February 2013. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%B4%DB%8C_%DA%89%DB%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%D8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د شی ډیجیتالی نشانګر (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1057%2F9780230226203.1570">10.1057/9780230226203.1570</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Biddle, Jeff; Samuels, Warren; Davis, John (2006). <i>A Companion to the History of Economic Thought, Wiley-Blackwell</i>. p. 319. "What became known as the socialist calculation debate started when von Mises (1935 [1920]) launched a critique of socialism".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Levy, David M.; Peart, Sandra J. (2008). "socialist calculation debate". <i>The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Second Edition</i>. Palgrave Macmillan.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Social_Dividend_versus_Basic_Income_Guarantee_in_Market_Socialism,_2004-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Social_Dividend_versus_Basic_Income_Guarantee_in_Market_Socialism,_2004_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marangos, John (Fall 2004). "Social Dividend versus Basic Income Guarantee in Market Socialism". <i>International Journal of Political Economy</i>. Taylor & Francis. <b>34</b> (3): 20–40. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:Jstor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="کينډۍ:Jstor (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">کينډۍ:Jstor</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFO'Hara2000" class="citation book cs1">O'Hara, Phillip (2000). <i>Encyclopedia of Political Economy, Volume 2</i>. Routledge. p. 71. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-415-24187-8" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-415-24187-8 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-415-24187-8</bdi></a>. <q>Market socialism is the general designation for a number of models of economic systems. On the one hand, the market mechanism is utilized to distribute economic output, to organize production and to allocate factor inputs. On the other hand, the economic surplus accrues to society at large rather than to a class of private (capitalist) owners, through some form of collective, public or social ownership of capital.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Political+Economy%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-415-24187-8&rft.aulast=O%27Hara&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFPierson1995" class="citation book cs1">Pierson, Christopher (1995). <i>Socialism After Communism: The New Market Socialism</i>. Pennsylvania State Univ Press. p. 96. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-271-01478-4" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-271-01478-4 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-271-01478-4</bdi></a>. <q>At the heart of the market socialist model is the abolition of the large-scale private ownership of capital and its replacement by some form of 'social ownership'. Even the most conservative accounts of market socialism insist that this abolition of large-scale holdings of private capital is essential. This requirement is fully consistent with the market socialists' general claim that the vices of market capitalism lie not with the institutions of the market but with (the consequences of) the private ownership of capital ... .</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Socialism+After+Communism%3A+The+New+Market+Socialism&rft.pages=96&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+Univ+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-271-01478-4&rft.aulast=Pierson&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFMcNally1993" class="citation book cs1">McNally, David (1993). <i>Against the Market: Political Economy, Market Socialism and the Marxist Critique</i>. Verso. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-8609-1606-2" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-8609-1606-2 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-8609-1606-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Against+the+Market%3A+Political+Economy%2C+Market+Socialism+and+the+Marxist+Critique&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8609-1606-2&rft.aulast=McNally&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFKinna2012" class="citation book cs1">Kinna, Ruth (2012). "Introduction". In Kinna, Rith; Pinta, Saku; Prichard, Alex (eds.). <i>Libertarian Socialism: Politics in Black and Red</i>. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 1–16. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-230-28037-3" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-230-28037-3 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-230-28037-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=Libertarian+Socialism%3A+Politics+in+Black+and+Red&rft.place=Basingstoke&rft.pages=1-16&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-230-28037-3&rft.aulast=Kinna&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Newman, Michael (2005). <i>Socialism: A Very Short Introduction</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 2. "In fact, socialism has been both centralist and local; organized from above and built from below; visionary and pragmatic; revolutionary and reformist; anti-state and statist; internationalist and nationalist; harnessed to political parties and shunning them; an outgrowth of trade unionism and independent of it; a feature of rich industrialized countries and poor peasant-based communities".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ely, Richard T. (1883). <i>French and German Socialism in Modern Times</i>. New York: Harper and Brothers. pp. 204—205. "Social democrats forms the extreme wing of the socialists ... inclined to lay so much stress on equality of enjoyment, regardless of the value of one's labor, that they might, perhaps, more properly be called communists. ... They have two distinguishing characteristics. The vast majority of them are laborers, and, as a rule, they expect the violent overthrow of existing institutions by revolution to precede the introduction of the socialistic state. I would not, by any means, say that they are all revolutionists, but the most of them undoubtedly are. ... The most general demands of the social democrats are the following: The state should exist exclusively for the laborers; land and capital must become collective property, and production be carried on unitedly. Private competition, in the ordinary sense of the term, is to cease."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Merkel, Wolfgang; Petring, Alexander; Henkes, Christian; Egle, Christoph (2008). <i>Social Democracy in Power: The Capacity to Reform</i>. Routledge Research in Comparative Politics. London: Routledge. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-415-43820-9" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-0-415-43820-9">978-0-415-43820-9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFHeywood2012" class="citation book cs1">Heywood, Andrew (2012). <i>Political Ideologies: An Introduction</i> (5th ed.). Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 128. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-230-36725-8" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-230-36725-8 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-230-36725-8</bdi></a>. <q>Social democracy is an ideological stance that supports a broad balance between market capitalism, on the one hand, and state intervention, on the other hand. Being based on a compromise between the market and the state, social democracy lacks a systematic underlying theory and is, arguably, inherently vague. It is nevertheless associated with the following views: (1) capitalism is the only reliable means of generating wealth, but it is a morally defective means of distributing wealth because of its tendency towards poverty and inequality; (2) the defects of the capitalist system can be rectified through economic and social intervention, the state being the custodian of the public interest ... .</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Ideologies%3A+An+Introduction&rft.place=Basingstoke%2C+England&rft.pages=128&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-230-36725-8&rft.aulast=Heywood&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Roemer, John E. (1994). <i>A Future for Socialism</i>. "The long term and the short term". Harvard University Press. pp. 25–27. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-6743-3946-0" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-0-6743-3946-0">978-0-6743-3946-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheri_Berman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheri Berman (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Berman, Sheri</a> (1998). <i>The Social Democratic Moment</i>. Harvard University Press. p. 57. "Over the long term, however, democratizing Sweden's political system was seen to be important not merely as a means but also as an end in itself. Achieving democracy was crucial not only because it would increase the power of the SAP in the Swedish political system but also because it was the form socialism would take once it arrived. Political, economic, and social equality went hand in hand, according to the SAP, and were all equally important characteristics of the future socialist society." <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-6744-4261-0" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-0-6744-4261-0">978-0-6744-4261-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Busky, Donald F. (20 July 2000). <i>Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey</i>. Praeger. pp. 7–8. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-2759-6886-1" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-0-2759-6886-1">978-0-2759-6886-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bailey, David J. (2009). <i>The Political Economy of European Social Democracy: A Critical Realist Approach</i>. Routledge. p. 77. "... Giorgio Napolitano launched a medium-term programme, 'which tended to justify the governmental deflationary policies, and asked for the understanding of the workers, since any economic recovery would be linked with the <i>long-term</i> goal of an advance towards democratic socialism'". <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-4156-0425-3" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-0-4156-0425-3">978-0-4156-0425-3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lamb, Peter (2015). <i>Historical Dictionary of Socialism</i> (3rd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. p. 415. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4422-5826-6" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4422-5826-6">978-1-4422-5826-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Badie, Bertrand; Berg-Schlosser, Dirk; Morlino, Leonardo, eds. (2011). "Social Democracy". <i>International Encyclopedia of Political Science</i>. <b>8</b>. SAGE Publications. p. 2423. "Social democracy refers to a political tendency resting on three fundamental features: (1) democracy (e.g., equal rights to vote and form parties), (2) an economy partly regulated by the state (e.g., through Keynesianism), and (3) a welfare state offering social support to those in need (e.g., equal rights to education, health service, employment and pensions). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4129-5963-6" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4129-5963-6">978-1-4129-5963-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, J. W. (2005). <i>Economic Democracy: The Political Struggle for the 21st century</i>. Radford: Institute for Economic Democracy Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/1-933567-01-5" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/1-933567-01-5">1-933567-01-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFGasper2005" class="citation book cs1">Gasper, Phillip (October 2005). <i>The Communist Manifesto: A Road Map to History's Most Important Political Document</i>. Haymarket Books. p. 24. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-931859-25-7" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-931859-25-7 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-931859-25-7</bdi></a>. <q>As the nineteenth century progressed, "socialist" came to signify not only concern with the social question, but opposition to capitalism and support for some form of social ownership.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Communist+Manifesto%3A+A+Road+Map+to+History%27s+Most+Important+Political+Document&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Haymarket+Books&rft.date=2005-10&rft.isbn=978-1-931859-25-7&rft.aulast=Gasper&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anthony_Giddens_1994,_p._71-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Anthony_Giddens_1994,_p._71_47-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Giddens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anthony Giddens (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Anthony Giddens</a>. <i>Beyond Left and Right: The Future of Radical Politics</i>. 1998 edition. Cambridge, England, UK: Polity Press, 1994, 1998. p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Chapter 1 looks at the foundations of the doctrine by examining the contribution made by various traditions of socialism in the period between the early 19th century and the aftermath of the First World War. The two forms that emerged as dominant by the early 1920s were social democracy and communism." Michael Newman. <i>Socialism: A Very Short Introduction</i>. Oxford University Press. 2005. p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kurian, George Thomas Kurian, ed. (2011). <i>The Encyclopedia of Political Science</i>. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. p. 1554.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Garrett Ward Sheldon. <i>Encyclopedia of Political Thought</i>. Fact on File. Inc. 2001. p. 280.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrew Vincent (2010). <i>Modern Political Ideologies</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4051-5495-6" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4051-5495-6">978-1-4051-5495-6</a> p. 83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/socialism">"socialism (n.)"</a>. <i>etymonline</i>. Online Etymology Dictionary<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">2021-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=etymonline&rft.atitle=socialism+%28n.%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fsocialism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kołakowski2005-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kołakowski2005_53-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFLeszek_Kołakowski2005" class="citation book cs1">Leszek Kołakowski (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qUCxpznbkaoC"><i>Main Currents of Marxism: The Founders, the Golden Age, the Breakdown</i></a>. W.W. Norton. p. 151. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-393-06054-6" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-393-06054-6 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-393-06054-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Main+Currents+of+Marxism%3A+The+Founders%2C+the+Golden+Age%2C+the+Breakdown&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-393-06054-6&rft.au=Leszek+Ko%C5%82akowski&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqUCxpznbkaoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marvin_Perry_1600,_p._540-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Marvin_Perry_1600,_p._540_54-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marvin Perry, Myrna Chase, Margaret Jacob, James R. Jacob. <i>Western Civilization: Ideas, Politics, and Society – From 1600, Volume 2</i>. Ninth Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 2009. p. 540.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFGregoryStuart2013" class="citation book cs1">Gregory, Paul; Stuart, Robert (2013). <i>The Global Economy and its Economic Systems</i>. South-Western College Publishing. p. 159. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-285-05535-0" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-285-05535-0 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-285-05535-0</bdi></a>. <q>Socialist writers of the nineteenth century proposed socialist arrangements for sharing as a response to the inequality and poverty of the industrial revolution. English socialist Robert Owen proposed that ownership and production take place in cooperatives, where all members shared equally. French socialist Henri Saint-Simon proposed to the contrary: socialism meant solving economic problems by means of state administration and planning, and taking advantage of new advances in science.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Global+Economy+and+its+Economic+Systems&rft.pages=159&rft.pub=South-Western+College+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-285-05535-0&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Stuart%2C+Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford English Dictionary, etymology of socialism</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Russell, Bertrand (1972). <i>A History of Western Philosophy</i>. Touchstone. p. 781</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_58-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/551569/socialism">"Socialism"</a> at <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia Britannica (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Encyclopedia Britannica</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFBockman2011" class="citation book cs1">Bockman, Johanna (2011). <i>Markets in the name of Socialism: The Left-Wing origins of Neoliberalism</i>. Stanford University Press. p. 20. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-8047-7566-3" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-8047-7566-3 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-8047-7566-3</bdi></a>. <q>According to nineteenth-century socialist views, socialism would function without capitalist economic categories—such as money, prices, interest, profits and rent—and thus would function according to laws other than those described by current economic science. While some socialists recognised the need for money and prices at least during the transition from capitalism to socialism, socialists more commonly believed that the socialist economy would soon administratively mobilise the economy in physical units without the use of prices or money.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Markets+in+the+name+of+Socialism%3A+The+Left-Wing+origins+of+Neoliberalism&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-7566-3&rft.aulast=Bockman&rft.aufirst=Johanna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLambDocherty2006">Lamb & Docherty 2006</a>, pp. 1–3</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img 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