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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-First_marine_mammal_parks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_marine_mammal_parks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>First marine mammal parks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_marine_mammal_parks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SeaWorld" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SeaWorld"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>SeaWorld</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SeaWorld-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World's_largest_marine_life_park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World's_largest_marine_life_park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>World's largest marine life park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World's_largest_marine_life_park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marine_public_aquariums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marine_public_aquariums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Marine public aquariums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marine_public_aquariums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oceanario_Lisboa.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Oceanario_Lisboa.JPG/220px-Oceanario_Lisboa.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Oceanario_Lisboa.JPG/330px-Oceanario_Lisboa.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Oceanario_Lisboa.JPG/440px-Oceanario_Lisboa.JPG 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="394" /></a><figcaption>The <i>Oceanarium</i> in <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>oceanarium</b> can be either a <a href="/wiki/Marine_mammal_park" title="Marine mammal park">marine mammal park</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Marineland_of_Canada" title="Marineland of Canada">Marineland of Canada</a>, or a large-scale <a href="/wiki/Public_aquarium" title="Public aquarium">aquarium</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Oceanarium" title="Lisbon Oceanarium">Lisbon Oceanarium</a>, presenting an <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">ocean</a> habitat with <a href="/wiki/Marine_(ocean)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine (ocean)">marine</a> animals, especially large ocean dwellers such as <a href="/wiki/Shark" title="Shark">sharks</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_marine_mammal_parks">First marine mammal parks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanarium&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: First marine mammal parks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Marine_mammal_park" title="Marine mammal park">Marine mammal park</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Marineland_of_Florida" title="Marineland of Florida">Marineland of Florida</a>, one of the first <a href="/wiki/Theme_park" class="mw-redirect" title="Theme park">theme parks</a> in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, United States, started in 1938, claims to be "the world's first oceanarium" </p><p>Marineland of Florida was developed as <i>Marine Studios</i> near <a href="/wiki/St._Augustine,_Florida" title="St. Augustine, Florida">St. Augustine</a> in <a href="/wiki/Marineland,_Florida" title="Marineland, Florida">Marineland, Florida</a>, which was followed in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> by <a href="/wiki/Miami_Seaquarium" title="Miami Seaquarium">Miami Seaquarium</a>, opened in 1955 and in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> by <a href="/wiki/Marineland_of_the_Pacific" title="Marineland of the Pacific">Marineland of the Pacific</a>, opened in 1954 near <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Six_Flags_Discovery_Kingdom" title="Six Flags Discovery Kingdom">Marine World, Africa USA</a>, opened in 1968 near <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="SeaWorld">SeaWorld</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanarium&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: SeaWorld"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/SeaWorld" title="SeaWorld">SeaWorld</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/SeaWorld_San_Diego" title="SeaWorld San Diego">SeaWorld San Diego</a> was opened in 1964, developed by four fraternity brothers Milt Shedd, Ken Norris, David DeMott and George Millay. <a href="/w/index.php?title=SeaWorld_Aurora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SeaWorld Aurora (page does not exist)">SeaWorld Aurora</a> opened in 1970 near <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>. <a href="/wiki/SeaWorld_Orlando" title="SeaWorld Orlando">SeaWorld Orlando</a> was opened in 1973. SeaWorld (San Diego, Aurora, Orlando) was sold to <a href="/wiki/Harcourt_Trade_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Harcourt Trade Publishers">Harcourt Brace Jovanovich</a> (a publishing company listed on the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">New York Stock Exchange</a>) in 1976. They purchased Marineland of the Pacific in 1986 and closed the <a href="/wiki/Park" title="Park">park</a>. They had opened <a href="/wiki/SeaWorld_San_Antonio" title="SeaWorld San Antonio">SeaWorld San Antonio</a> in 1988. In 1989 they sold SeaWorld (San Diego, Aurora, Orlando, San Antonio) to <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch" title="Anheuser-Busch">Anheuser-Busch</a>, the world's largest brewer and owner of the <a href="/wiki/Busch_Gardens" title="Busch Gardens">Busch Gardens</a> Safari Parks, for US$1.1 billion. In 2001, Anheuser-Busch sold SeaWorld Ohio to <a href="/wiki/Six_Flags" title="Six Flags">Six Flags</a>, which combined the park with the neighboring <a href="/wiki/Geauga_Lake" title="Geauga Lake">Geauga Lake</a> to form Six Flags Worlds of Adventure. The animal aquatics portion of the park closed prior to 2004 when Six Flags sold the park to <a href="/wiki/Cedar_Fair" title="Cedar Fair">Cedar Fair</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World's_largest_marine_life_park"><span id="World.27s_largest_marine_life_park"></span>World's largest marine life park</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanarium&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: World's largest marine life park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shedd_belugas_2017-09-02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Shedd_belugas_2017-09-02.jpg/220px-Shedd_belugas_2017-09-02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Shedd_belugas_2017-09-02.jpg/330px-Shedd_belugas_2017-09-02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Shedd_belugas_2017-09-02.jpg/440px-Shedd_belugas_2017-09-02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Beluga_whale" title="Beluga whale">Belugas</a> swimming in the Abbott Oceanarium at the <a href="/wiki/Shedd_Aquarium" title="Shedd Aquarium">Shedd Aquarium</a>. The lower level of the Oceanarium allows underwater viewing of the beluga whales and the dolphins.</figcaption></figure> <p>When a new 170,000-square-foot exhibit at the <a href="/wiki/Shedd_Aquarium" title="Shedd Aquarium">Shedd Aquarium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> opened on April 27, 1991, it debuted as the largest indoor marine mammal facility in the world. The position as world's largest oceanarium has since shifted repeatedly in recent years. From 2005 to 2012 it was the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Aquarium" title="Georgia Aquarium">Georgia Aquarium</a> in the United States with an initial total water volume of 32,000 m<sup>3</sup> (8,500,000 US gal), later it expanded to 38,000 m<sup>3</sup> (10,000,000 US gal), and home to 100–120,000 animals of 700 species. In 2012 it was surpassed by <a href="/wiki/Marine_Life_Park" title="Marine Life Park">Marine Life Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> with a total water volume of 45,000 m<sup>3</sup> (12,000,000 US gal) and over 100,000 <a href="/wiki/Animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Animals">animals</a> of more than 800 species.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, the Singapore park was surpassed by the <a href="/wiki/Chimelong_Ocean_Kingdom" title="Chimelong Ocean Kingdom">Chimelong Ocean Kingdom</a> in China, the current record holder, with a total water volume of 48,750 m<sup>3</sup> (12,880,000 US gal).<sup id="cite_ref-guinnessworldrecords_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guinnessworldrecords-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marine_public_aquariums">Marine public aquariums</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanarium&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Marine public aquariums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Afrykarium_tunel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Afrykarium_tunel.jpg/220px-Afrykarium_tunel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Afrykarium_tunel.jpg/330px-Afrykarium_tunel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Afrykarium_tunel.jpg/440px-Afrykarium_tunel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1999" data-file-height="1499" /></a><figcaption> The largest tank of the <a href="/wiki/Africarium" title="Africarium">Afrykarium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a> shows the depths of the <a href="/wiki/Mozambique_Channel" title="Mozambique Channel">Mozambique Channel</a>, where sharks, rays, and other large <a href="/wiki/Pelagic_fish" title="Pelagic fish">pelagic fish</a> can be viewed from this 18 meter long underwater <a href="/wiki/Acrylic_tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Acrylic tunnel">acrylic tunnel</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Modern marine aquariums try to create natural environments. A host of marine animals swim together in the four-story cylindrical tank of the <a href="/wiki/New_England_Aquarium" title="New England Aquarium">New England Aquarium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, which opened in 1969. At the <a href="/wiki/National_Aquarium_in_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="National Aquarium in Baltimore">National Aquarium in Baltimore</a>, which opened in 1981, a walkway spirals up through the center of two gigantic cylindrical tanks, the Atlantic Coral Reef and the Shark Alley, which display sharks, sawfish, and other sea creatures. Since then, many new aquariums have sought even greater realism, often concentrating on local environments. <a href="/wiki/Monterey_Bay_Aquarium" title="Monterey Bay Aquarium">Monterey Bay Aquarium</a> in California, which opened in 1984, is an example<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (September 2020)">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Africarium" title="Africarium">Afrykarium</a> is the only themed oceanarium devoted solely to exhibiting the <a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Africa" title="Fauna of Africa">fauna of Africa</a> and located in <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw,_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Wrocław, Poland">Wrocław, Poland</a>. A part of the <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw_Zoo" title="Wrocław Zoo">Wrocław Zoo</a>, the idea behind the Afrykarium is to comprehensively present selected ecosystems from the continent of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nur-Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur-Sultan">Nur-Sultan</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>, is home to the only oceanarium in <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanarium&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Ocean_Park" title="Manila Ocean Park">Manila Ocean Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oceanarium" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Oceanarium">Moscow Oceanarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nords%C3%B8en_Oceanarium" title="Nordsøen Oceanarium">Nordsøen Oceanarium</a>, Hirtshals, Denmark.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolphinarium" title="Dolphinarium">Dolphinarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_aquarium" title="Public aquarium">Public aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UnderWater_World_Guam" title="UnderWater World Guam">UnderWater World Guam</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanarium&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://travel.cnn.com/singapore/play/singapore-open-worlds-largest-oceanarium-610811">"World's largest oceanarium opens"</a>. <i>CNNGo Staff</i>. CNN. 2012-11-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNNGo+Staff&rft.atitle=World%27s+largest+oceanarium+opens&rft.date=2012-11-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftravel.cnn.com%2Fsingapore%2Fplay%2Fsingapore-open-worlds-largest-oceanarium-610811&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOceanarium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guinnessworldrecords-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-guinnessworldrecords_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2014/3/chinas-hengqin-ocean-kingdom-confirmed-as-worlds-largest-aquarium-as-attraction-sets-five-world-records-56471/">"China's Hengqin Ocean Kingdom confirmed as world's largest aquarium as attraction sets five world records"</a>. Guinness World Records. 31 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China%27s+Hengqin+Ocean+Kingdom+confirmed+as+world%27s+largest+aquarium+as+attraction+sets+five+world+records&rft.pub=Guinness+World+Records&rft.date=2014-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fnews%2F2014%2F3%2Fchinas-hengqin-ocean-kingdom-confirmed-as-worlds-largest-aquarium-as-attraction-sets-five-world-records-56471%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOceanarium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor, Leighton R., <i>Aquariums: Windows to Nature</i>, Prentice Hall General Reference, New York, 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-671-85019-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-671-85019-9">0-671-85019-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsler" class="citation web cs1">Isler, Danuta. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenews.pl/1/6/Artykul/365527,A-trip-to-Wroclaw-Afrykarium">"A trip to Wroclaw Afrykarium"</a>. <i>Radio Poland</i>. Radio Poland.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radio+Poland&rft.atitle=A+trip+to+Wroclaw+Afrykarium&rft.aulast=Isler&rft.aufirst=Danuta&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenews.pl%2F1%2F6%2FArtykul%2F365527%2CA-trip-to-Wroclaw-Afrykarium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOceanarium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanarium&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lou Jacobs, <i>Wonders of an oceanarium: The story of marine life in captivity</i>. Golden Gate Junior Books, 1965.</li> <li>Joanne F. Oppenheim, <i>Oceanarium</i>. BBooks, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-553-09520-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-553-09520-X">0-553-09520-X</a>.</li> <li>Patryla, Jim. (2005). <i>A Photographic Journey Back To Marineland of the Pacific</i>. Lulu Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4116-7130-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4116-7130-0">978-1-4116-7130-0</a>.</li> <li>Brunner, Bernd. <i>The Ocean at Home: An Illustrated History of the Aquarium</i>. Reaktion Books, 2011.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanarium&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oceanarium.co.uk/">Oceanarium — The Bournemouth Aquarium</a>, UK</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oceanarium.com.au/">Oceanarium</a>, West Australia — suppliers of marine aquarium specimens</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090314122527/http://www.rwsentosa.com/en_marinelifepark.html">Marine Life Park - Resorts World @ Sentosa</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Zoos" title="Template:Zoos"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Zoos" title="Template talk:Zoos"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Zoos" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Zoos"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Zoos,_aquariums,_and_aviaries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Zoo" title="Zoo">Zoos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_aquarium" title="Public aquarium">aquariums</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Aviaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviaries">aviaries</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of zoos</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_sanctuary" title="Animal sanctuary">Animal sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_theme_park" title="Animal theme park">Animal theme park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_aquarium" title="Public aquarium">Aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviary" title="Aviary">Aviary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bear_pit" title="Bear pit">Bear pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butterfly_house" title="Butterfly house">Butterfly house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolphinarium" title="Dolphinarium">Dolphinarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpetarium" title="Herpetarium">Herpetarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insectarium" title="Insectarium">Insectarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_center" title="Nature center">Nature center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_mammal_park" title="Marine mammal park">Marine mammal park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menagerie" title="Menagerie">Menagerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_safari" title="Night safari">Night safari</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oceanarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penguinarium" title="Penguinarium">Penguinarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheasantry" title="Pheasantry">Pheasantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petting_zoo" title="Petting zoo">Petting zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reptile_centre" title="Reptile centre">Reptile centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_park" title="Safari park">Safari park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_zoo" title="Virtual zoo">Virtual zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivarium" title="Vivarium">Vivarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoo" title="Zoo">Zoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conservation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">Biodiversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captive_breeding" title="Captive breeding">Captive breeding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_biology" title="Conservation biology">Conservation biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endangered_species" title="Endangered species">Endangered species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ex_situ_conservation" title="Ex situ conservation">Ex situ conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_situ_conservation" class="mw-redirect" title="In situ conservation">In situ conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Species_reintroduction" title="Species reintroduction">Species reintroduction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zoos_by_country" title="List of zoos by country">Zoos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aquaria_by_country" title="List of aquaria by country">Aquariums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_aquaria" class="mw-redirect" title="List of largest aquaria">largest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_animal_sanctuaries" title="List of animal sanctuaries">Animal sanctuaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_butterfly_houses" title="List of butterfly houses">Butterfly houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dolphinariums" title="List of dolphinariums">Dolphinariums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_conservation_articles" title="Index of conservation articles">Conservation topics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_zoos_and_aquariums" title="List of former zoos and aquariums">Former zoos and aquariums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nature_centers" title="List of nature centers">Nature centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zoo_associations" title="List of zoo associations">Zoo associations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_WAZA_member_zoos_and_aquariums" title="List of WAZA member zoos and aquariums">WAZA members</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">Animal rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_cruelty" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal cruelty">Animal cruelty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captivity_(animal)" title="Captivity (animal)">Animals in captivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_training" title="Animal training">Animal training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_enrichment" title="Behavioral enrichment">Behavioral enrichment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frozen_zoo" title="Frozen zoo">Frozen zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immersion_exhibit" title="Immersion exhibit">Immersion exhibit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_house" title="Nocturnal house">Nocturnal house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_conservation" title="Wildlife conservation">Wildlife conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zookeeper" title="Zookeeper">Zookeeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_response_team_(zoo)" title="Emergency response team (zoo)">Zoo emergency response team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoo_key" title="Zoo key">Zoo key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoological_society" title="Zoological society">Zoological society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoology" title="Zoology">Zoology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/32px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/48px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/64px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2064" data-file-height="1413" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Animals" title="Portal:Animals">Animals portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Zoos" 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