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class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Ercüment YILDIRIM</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126336802"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126336802/Yukar%C4%B1_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_Valisi_Weni_nin_Otobiyografisine_G%C3%B6re_Eski_Krall%C4%B1k_D%C3%B6neminde_B%C3%BCrokrasinin_%C4%B0%C3%A7_%C4%B0%C5%9Fleyi%C5%9Fi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Yukarı Mısır Valisi Weni’nin Otobiyografisine Göre Eski Krallık Döneminde Bürokrasinin İç İşleyişi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120228985/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126336802/Yukar%C4%B1_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_Valisi_Weni_nin_Otobiyografisine_G%C3%B6re_Eski_Krall%C4%B1k_D%C3%B6neminde_B%C3%BCrokrasinin_%C4%B0%C3%A7_%C4%B0%C5%9Fleyi%C5%9Fi">Yukarı Mısır Valisi Weni’nin Otobiyografisine Göre Eski Krallık Döneminde Bürokrasinin İç İşleyişi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Mısır kralları I. Teti, I. Pepi ve Merenre dönemlerini kapsayan yaklaşık MÖ 2350-2288 yılları ara...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Mısır kralları I. Teti, I. Pepi ve Merenre dönemlerini kapsayan yaklaşık MÖ 2350-2288 yılları arasında Eski Mısır bürokrasi sınıfı içerisinde hızla yükselen bir memur olan Weni, mezarının duvarlarına kazınmış otobiyografisi vasıtasıyla emri altındaki krallara hakkıyla hizmet ettiğini tanrılara duyurmaya çalışmıştır. Weni, hayatı boyunca Eski Mısır monarşik sistemi içerisinde sivil, dini ve askeri görevlerde bulunmuştur. Bu anlayış günümüz için alışılmadık olsa dahi Eski Mısır bürokrasi sistemi için olağan bir durumdur. Kariyerine I. Teti döneminde tahıl ambarı sorumlusu olarak başlayan Weni, I. Pepi’nin saltanatında, giyinme odasının gözetmeni pozisyonuna terfi ettirilmiştir. Bu yeni görev Weni’ye kralla doğrudan temas imkanı sağlamıştır. Zamanla güvenirliğini ispatlayan ve sadakatini gösteren Weni, Tanrı Nekhen’in kıdemli muhafızlığı gibi geniş yetkilere sahip dini bir görevi üstenmiştir. Kral I. Pepi tarafından kraliyet hareminde işlenen bir suçu araştırmakla görevlendirilen Weni, başarısı ile güvenirliliğini bir kez daha ispatlamıştır. Bu başarı, Weni’ye Çöl Halkı’na karşı düzenlenecek seferlerin başkomutanlığını getirmiştir. Otobiyografisine göre Weni, sivil memurluğundaki başarısını askeri sahada da ispatlamış ve Kral I. Pepi onu Mısır’ın en iyi mezarlardan birine sahip olmasını sağlayarak ödüllendirmiştir. Merenre’nin hükümdarlığı sırasında Weni, Yukarı Mısır valisi olarak atanmıştır. Bu yüksek memurluk görevinde nüfus sayımından, toplanan vergilerin kontrolüne, taş ocaklarına yapılan gezilerden, kanal ve gemi inşalarından sorumlu olmuştur. Weni’nin otobiyografisi temelde Eski Mısır’daki ideal bir bürokratın yapması gerekenleri açıklamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Eski Çağ krallıkları arasında en gelişmiş bürokrasi sınıfına sahip olan Mısır’ın Eski Krallık döneminde bürokratik sistemin işleyişini Weni’nin otobiyografisi üzerinden açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a3826e55a8b1273ab0a84d8578828256" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120228985,"asset_id":126336802,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120228985/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126336802"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126336802"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126336802; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126336771"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126336771/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_da_G%C3%B6steri%C5%9F_Yaz%C4%B1tlar%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Kullan%C4%B1m%C4%B1_ve_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1ndaki_Yeri"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır’da Gösteriş Yazıtlarının Kullanımı ve Yönetim Anlayışındaki Yeri" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120228937/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126336771/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_da_G%C3%B6steri%C5%9F_Yaz%C4%B1tlar%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Kullan%C4%B1m%C4%B1_ve_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1ndaki_Yeri">Eski Mısır’da Gösteriş Yazıtlarının Kullanımı ve Yönetim Anlayışındaki Yeri</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Nil Nehri’nin sağladığı verimli alanlarda gerçekleştirilen tarımsal üretime dayalı yaşam biçimini...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Nil Nehri’nin sağladığı verimli alanlarda gerçekleştirilen tarımsal üretime dayalı yaşam biçimini katı bir monarşik yapı ile yüzyıllar boyu sürdürmeyi başaran Eski Mısır kralları, yönettikleri halkı emri altında tutabilmek için yeni yöntemler geliştirmiştir. Yöneten ile yönetilen ayrımının keskin bir biçimde oluşturulduğu Eski Mısır’da yönetici sınıf, kraliyet ideolojisini sürdürmek için yazıyı etkili biçimde kullanmıştır. Eski Mısır’da tanrısal bir figür, askeri bir kahraman ve siyasi bir önder olan kralın başarılarının halka duyurulması ve böylece ahalinin itaatinin sağlanması için yazıtlar kullanılmıştır. Çok büyük boyutta, olay örgüsünün resimlerle somutlaştırıldığı ve edebi bir metinle süslenmiş olan bu yazıtlara “Gösteriş Yazıtları” ismi verilmiştir. Gösteriş yazıtlarının hepsi kraliyet metni niteliğinde olsa dahi askeri, dini ve sosyal konuları kapsayan içeriğine göre ayrımlar yapılmıştır. Tapınak ve saray duvarlarına, dikili taşlara ve taş levhalara kazınarak halkın görmesi sağlanan gösteriş yazıtları, yönetilenlerin kralları ile gurur duymasını ve böylece daha güçlü şekilde itaat etmesini sağlamayı öncelikli amaç edinmiştir. Bu çalışmada Mısır’ın Eski Krallık döneminde ortaya çıkan ve sonraki dönemlerde yaygınlık ve özgün bir üslup kazanan gösteriş yazıtlarının yönetim aracı olarak nasıl kullanılmış olduğu açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9ada448b9bf3f9bf71d57d2e96fcfcba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120228937,"asset_id":126336771,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120228937/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126336771"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126336771"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126336771; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108445812"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/108445812/Kommagene_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_ndaki_Diplomatik_Evliliklerin_Hellenistik_K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr_Yay%C4%B1l%C4%B1m%C4%B1na_Etkileri"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Kommagene Krallığı’ndaki Diplomatik Evliliklerin Hellenistik Kültür Yayılımına Etkileri" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106827181/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/108445812/Kommagene_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_ndaki_Diplomatik_Evliliklerin_Hellenistik_K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr_Yay%C4%B1l%C4%B1m%C4%B1na_Etkileri">Kommagene Krallığı’ndaki Diplomatik Evliliklerin Hellenistik Kültür Yayılımına Etkileri</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>KOMMAGENE KRALLIĞI’NDAKİ DİPLOMATİK EVLİLİKLERİN HELLENİSTİK KÜLTÜR YAYILIMINA ETKİLERİ</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Antik dönemde, Kommagene olarak sınırlandırılan bölge, Geç Hitit döneminde Kummuh Krallığı olarak...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Antik dönemde, Kommagene olarak sınırlandırılan bölge, Geç Hitit<br />döneminde Kummuh Krallığı olarak adlandırılmaktaydı. Kummuh Krallığı,<br />MÖ 711 yılında Asur hâkimiyeti alanına girmiştir. Asur egemenliği<br />sonrasında önce Persler, devamında Hellenistik kültür bölgeye hâkim<br />olmuştur. Hellenistik dönem krallığı olan Kommagene MÖ 163/162<br />yılından sonra bağımsızlığını kazanmıştır. Zamanla siyasi ve askeri açıdan<br />yayılan Kommagene dönemin büyük krallıkları ile müttefiklikler<br />oluşturarak varlığını güçlendirmeye çalışmıştır. Özellikle Kral I. Mithridates<br />Kallinikos’un, Seleukos Krallığı ile kurmuş olduğu evlilik bağıyla<br />Kommagene krallığı Anadolu’nun güneydoğusunda siyasi gücünü<br />arttırmıştır. Kommagene Kralı I. Antiokhos Theos’un faaliyetleri de<br />Hellenistik kültürün geniş halk kitleleri tarafından kabulünü hızlandırmıştır.<br />Roma ve Parth krallıklarının bölge üzerinde egemen olmasıyla birlikte,<br />Kommagene Krallığı, iki büyük güç arasında siyasi denge kurabilmek için<br />kraliyet aileleri arasında evlilik bağları kurmaya çalışmıştır. Bu çalışmada<br />Kommagene Krallığı’nın Hellenistik kültüre geçiş sürecinde diplomatik<br />evliliklerin etkisi antik ve modern literatür üzerinden açıklanmaya<br />çalışılmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ea75a345b5334ec0f8041bc76893a896" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":106827181,"asset_id":108445812,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106827181/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108445812"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108445812"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108445812; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108296966"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/108296966/Roma_%C4%B0mparatorlar%C4%B1na_Senato_Taraf%C4%B1ndan_Verilen_Fetih_Unvanlar%C4%B1_ve_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1na_Etkisi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Roma İmparatorlarına Senato Tarafından Verilen Fetih Unvanları ve Yönetim Anlayışına Etkisi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106717808/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/108296966/Roma_%C4%B0mparatorlar%C4%B1na_Senato_Taraf%C4%B1ndan_Verilen_Fetih_Unvanlar%C4%B1_ve_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1na_Etkisi">Roma İmparatorlarına Senato Tarafından Verilen Fetih Unvanları ve Yönetim Anlayışına Etkisi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Roma İmparatorlarına Senato Tarafından Verilen Fetih Unvanları ve Yönetim Anlayışına Etkisi</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Roma, tarihi boyunca, yayılmacı bir politika izleyerek topraklarını genişletmeyi öncelikli amaç h...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Roma, tarihi boyunca, yayılmacı bir politika izleyerek topraklarını genişletmeyi öncelikli amaç haline getirmiştir. Roma’da Caesar’ın kendisini diktatör ilan etmesi ile birlikte Cumhuriyet yönetimi kaybolmaya başlamıştır. Caesar, bir imparator olmamasına rağmen kendisini yüceltmek adına yönetimsel unvanlar kullanmıştır. Caesar’ın ölümünden sonra yaşanan iç savaşın galibi Augustus, ilk imparator olarak kabul edilmiştir. Roma’da imparatorluk yönetiminin oluşmasından sonra imparatorlar büyük orduları ile geniş coğrafyaları ele geçirmek için seferlere çıkmışlardır. Roma’nın merkezi coğrafyası dışında kalan Parth, Dacia, Britain, Armenia ve Germen bölgelerinde Roma imparatorları zaferler kazanmıştır. Bu zaferler ile otoriteleri sağlamlaştırmış ve Senato’dan kazandıkları başarının karşılığında yüceleştirici unvanlar almışlardır. Roma İmparatorları, aynı unvanı birçok defa kazanabildiği gibi kazandığı unvanları hayatı boyunca kullanabilmişlerdir. Roma İmparatorları yüceleştirici ferih unvanları kazanmaya önem vermiştir. Bu unvanların verilmesi zamanla yaygınlaşmış ve her imparator birkaç unvan elde etmeye çalışmıştır. Bu çalışma, Augustus ile Theodosius arasındaki dönem ile sınırlandırılmış ve Roma İmparatorlarının yaptıkları fetihler sonucunda kendilerini yüceltmek adına senato tarafından aldıkları unvanlar hakkında bilgi vermeyi amaçlanmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a56033cbb749a680ab6fc0653ecb36ed" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":106717808,"asset_id":108296966,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106717808/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108296966"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108296966"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108296966; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="104142723"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142723/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1rda_Asur_Hakimiyetinin_Ba%C5%9Flang%C4%B1c%C4%B1_ve_Sonras%C4%B1nda_Olu%C5%9Fturulan_%C4%B0dari_Organizasyon"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır'da Asur Hakimiyetinin Başlangıcı ve Sonrasında Oluşturulan İdari Organizasyon" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103947719/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142723/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1rda_Asur_Hakimiyetinin_Ba%C5%9Flang%C4%B1c%C4%B1_ve_Sonras%C4%B1nda_Olu%C5%9Fturulan_%C4%B0dari_Organizasyon">Eski Mısır'da Asur Hakimiyetinin Başlangıcı ve Sonrasında Oluşturulan İdari Organizasyon</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">After the Sea People Migrations that eliminated the powerful kingdoms of the Bronze Age, the Assy...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">After the Sea People Migrations that eliminated the powerful kingdoms of the Bronze Age, the Assyrian Kingdom rapidly strengthened militarily and politically and tried to become the only political and military power in Near East. For this purpose, the Assyrian kings organized military expeditions to neighboring regions every year. As a result of these campaigns, Assyrian hegemony reached the Caspian Sea in the east, Lake Van in the north, and the Mediterranean Sea in the west. The Kingdom of Egypt remained the only political power that could fight against Assyria. Although the first Egyptian expedition launched during the reign of Asarhaddon was not successful, the Assyrian army managed to capture the Delta region, including the city of Memphis, on its return three years later. Later, Asarhaddon allowed the noble families of Egyptian origin, who dominated the cities in the Delta region, to maintain their political power in exchange for paying taxes. In this administrative organization, which Assyria implemented in many regions, after the seized regions were divided into small administrative units, people who pledged loyalty to Assyria were appointed to head each of them. Attached to the Assyrian kings, the most important task of these native rulers was to collect the annual tax and deliver it to the king. As long as they did not rebel, wide regions could be managed by the hand of these rulers who continued to serve. The regions captured by Asarhaddon were first tried to be retaken by the Nubian King Taharka and then by Tanutamun. These attempts, which were considered a rebellion against the Assyrian king, were suppressed by military expeditions. Ashurbanipal, who became the King of Assyria after Asarhaddon, managed to overcome the walls of Thebes, which he could not capture at his first attempt, and plundered the city. Despite this success of Ashurbanipal, the south of Egypt was not held for a long time. However, according to Assyrian texts, a large number of deputy rulers were appointed to the Delta and Valley regions. During the periods when the Assyrian kings were dealing with the Cimmerian raids coming from the north, Necho I., who was a ruler attached to Assyria, managed to achieve a position above other proxy rulers. Necho’s I. son Psamtik I., on the other hand, managed to gather the Delta and Valley regions under one rule and become an independent Egyptian king. This study has tried to transfer the campaigns organized by the Assyrian armies to Egypt through Egyptian sources and aimed to explain how the organization of administration was developed by proxy, which was created after Egypt came under Assyrian rule.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5eb8b675a7422f1387a5fce4846bc6ee" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":103947719,"asset_id":104142723,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103947719/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104142723"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104142723"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104142723; 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window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104142524]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104142524]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104142524; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='104142524']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="104142489"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142489/Mezopotamya_da_Tar%C4%B1msal_%C3%9Cretiminin_Devaml%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Sa%C4%9Flanmas%C4%B1_%C4%B0%C3%A7in_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Finanse_Edilmesi_Vergilendirme"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mezopotamya’da Tarımsal Üretiminin Devamlılığının Sağlanması İçin Krallığın Finanse Edilmesi: Vergilendirme" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103947615/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142489/Mezopotamya_da_Tar%C4%B1msal_%C3%9Cretiminin_Devaml%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Sa%C4%9Flanmas%C4%B1_%C4%B0%C3%A7in_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Finanse_Edilmesi_Vergilendirme">Mezopotamya’da Tarımsal Üretiminin Devamlılığının Sağlanması İçin Krallığın Finanse Edilmesi: Vergilendirme</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmama Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Following the transition of mankind to settled life, the greatest development in human history wa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Following the transition of mankind to settled life, the greatest development in human history was with the invention of writing and historical periods began. The village communities established as a result of the start of agricultural production have grown over time and turned into urban social living spaces. Within the opportunities provided by the geographies where cities were established, the population increased and a social structure based on complex social relations was formed. Within this social structure, different occupational groups, specialization and social classifications have emerged. In Mesopotamia, the large plain lands irrigated by the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers became the regions where cities and then kingdoms were founded. The people living within the borders of these kingdoms were valued according to their loyalty to the king and were able to live their lives by receiving the rewards of this devotion. In this whole relationship, the ruled pay to the kingdom a part of what they get from agriculture and animal husbandry, while the king while the kings used their military power and political authority for the continuity of agricultural production. This study includes the process from the first urban kingdoms to the Persian invasion in Mesopotamia. In addition, this study, it is aimed to make explanations about how and why the products grown by the kingdoms were taken by the kingdoms with the effect of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers on the shaping of agricultural production.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d766bd724dae464abb01987dd5b34909" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":103947615,"asset_id":104142489,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103947615/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104142489"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104142489"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104142489; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="104142418"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142418/Harappa_%C4%B0ndus_Medeniyetinde_M%C3%BCh%C3%BCrler"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Harappa-İndus Medeniyetinde Mühürler" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103947569/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142418/Harappa_%C4%B0ndus_Medeniyetinde_M%C3%BCh%C3%BCrler">Harappa-İndus Medeniyetinde Mühürler</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>HISTORY STUDIES</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Between 3000 and 1500 BC, their societies, which had a unique way of life in the valley of the In...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Between 3000 and 1500 BC, their societies, which had a unique way of life in the valley of the Indus and Saraswati Rivers, developed a culture called the Harappa – Indus Civilization. The people of this civilization developed unique technologies to ensure the continuity of their lives and built irrigation canals, baths, advanced drainage systems and large granaries in the 3rd and 4th millennium BC. The geography where the Harappa-Indus civilization was formed is very rich in natural resources and the people living in the region evaluated the advantages of the geography. As a result, an efficient agricultural production system and a systematically functioning commercial structure were formed. While the members of the Harappan-Indus civilization increased their mineral processing skills, they also carried out large-scale livestock activities. The greatest evidence of their development in stone and mining has been the archaeological materials that have survived to the present day. They used the finely crafted artifacts they produced, as well as transported them to neighboring geographies through the merchant class. In the meantime, various forms of seals were used due to the regulation of commercial relations and the need for security. These seals basically show who owns the property right and also give information about the cultural structure of the period. The writing of the Harappa – Indus civilization is still unresolved, so information cannot be obtained from the texts that have reached our days. Therefore, the importance of seals, which contain the most understandable data on how the development of civilization was achieved, has increased and it has gained importance to research. In this study, the types, styles and forms will be determined based on the materials used in the construction of the seals in the Harappa-Indus civilization and the purpose of use and their importance will be explained.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cd086b617482a01ef01d80263a785f01" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":103947569,"asset_id":104142418,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103947569/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104142418"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104142418"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104142418; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cd086b617482a01ef01d80263a785f01" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=104142418]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":104142418,"title":"Harappa-İndus Medeniyetinde Mühürler","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104142418/Harappa_%C4%B0ndus_Medeniyetinde_M%C3%BCh%C3%BCrler","owner_id":58831,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":58831,"first_name":"Ercüment","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"YILDIRIM","page_name":"ErcümentYILDIRIM","domain_name":"ksu-tr","created_at":"2009-08-05T23:17:09.077-07:00","display_name":"Ercüment YILDIRIM","url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/Erc%C3%BCmentYILDIRIM","email":"VGhFTlN1L21Ic1FYZjFlWnFFLzh2VG1SREFncUZkNEI4MXJROWNEYk0ycz0tLXR5Y2hGWVRmelpFeFo3RHVvUjdWeFE9PQ==--df2808f242e2890bee5d4f183565494b9bc2077d"},"attachments":[{"id":103947569,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103947569/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Harappa_Indus_Medeniyetinde_Muhurler.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103947569/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Harappa_Indus_Medeniyetinde_Muhurler.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/103947569/Harappa_Indus_Medeniyetinde_Muhurler-libre.pdf?1688293576=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHarappa_Indus_Medeniyetinde_Muhurler.pdf\u0026Expires=1739803201\u0026Signature=T2yk4TlufxILLWnf1ONdawPRNWBiI~lrZnj~lybnkeVl2TSqtGyhxje3cq6-O35kMNRs2aIA7eAboGp~7zRB8B6Vgx2x206UheTRYOrXZ6kEV9yUNPizO-rx1t5kd~Bd6Cnk1g4Qo-q-XIYn2NexeF1lyY2osMBbJoDcmTJ91ETBDZATHf6dZ-ilihGggPpQGivSa3m6czz6508i7I~jkRKmyXhKdWrbfFiucMCdM3R6DMB1dzgYJybKE4pr5nVQsP6pT9XXZeePzbG-97jIh33ueVITU2mLtKOntc2oe-M-Q3oml2hlzv7L3VLbR4qgLNx8vNvnAjVgPqJ0DCRubw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93005839"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005839/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1rda_Erdem_Ahlak%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_%C4%B0nan%C3%A7_Sistemine_Yans%C4%B1mas%C4%B1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır'da Erdem Ahlakının İnanç Sistemine Yansıması" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95863596/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005839/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1rda_Erdem_Ahlak%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_%C4%B0nan%C3%A7_Sistemine_Yans%C4%B1mas%C4%B1">Eski Mısır'da Erdem Ahlakının İnanç Sistemine Yansıması</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Eski Mısır’da insanların birbirleri ile etkileşimlerinde ve tanrılarla olan ilişkilerinde belirle...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Eski Mısır’da insanların birbirleri ile etkileşimlerinde ve tanrılarla olan ilişkilerinde belirleyici olan Maat anlayışı, inananlara erdemli bir yaşantının yolunu da göstermekteydi. Erdem ahlakına dair yazılı en eski metinlerinin oluşturulduğu Eski Mısır’da bin yıllar boyunca kabul gören Maat anlayışı, ideal insanı tarif etmekteydi. Eski Mısır’da binyıllar içerisinde teoloji anlayışları ve tanrıların yücelik sıralamaları değişse dahi erdemli davranışlara sahip olan ideal insanın tanımı, küçük farklılıklar dışında, aynı kalmıştır. Eski Mısır’da tanrıların razı olacağı ve kralın tebaa olarak sahipleneceği bireyin, günümüzde erdemli davranışlar olarak kabul edilen bütün davranışları sergilemesi beklenmekteydi. Eski Mısır’da bireyin hayatına yön vererek, sosyal yaşamın düzenleyicisi olan Maat anlayışı, toplum içerisinde yaşamayı kabul eden her bireyin uyması gereken kuralları içerisinde barındırmaktadır. Bu kurallar, insanların birbirine zarar vermeden ve yardımlaşarak yaşamlarını devam ettirmesini amaçlamıştır. Bu temel amaç dışında Eski Mısır’da yaşamın devamlılığını için vazgeçilmez olan tarımsal üretim devamlılığını sağlamak da Maat anlayışı içerisinde kendisine yer bulmuştur. Eski Mısır’da yaşamı kuşatmış olan Maat anlayışı, erdemli davranışlar sonucunda yeryüzündeki hayatı güzel ve anlamlı kılmayı sağladığı gibi ölümden sonra da sonsuz bir yaşamı sağlamaktaydı. Eski Mısır’da, döneminin diğer medeniyetlerine kıyasla, oldukça güçlü bir ölümden sonraki yaşam inancı bulunmaktadır. Eski Mısır’da tanrılar tarafından yaratılmış olan yeryüzünün insanlar için geçici bir mekân olduğuna inanılmış ve inananların yeryüzündeki davranışların karşılığından ölümden sonraki hayatın tanrılar tarafından belirleneceği düşünülmüştür. Eski Mısır’da kişi, erdemli davranışlar sergilemiş ise sonsuza kadar süren güzel bir hayata kavuşacağı fakat tanrılara ve diğer insanlara karşı kötülük yapmış ise cezalandırılacağı bir yere sürüleceğine inanılmıştır. Eski Mısır’da kişinin, erdemli davranışlar gösteren birisi olduğuna, ölümden sonra kalbinin tartılması ile karar verilmekteydi. Eski Mısır’da ruhu barındıran kişinin ölümden sonra kalbi, birçok tanrının huzurunda Tanrı Anubis tarafından ilahi bir terazinin bir kefesine konduktan sonra diğer kefeye Tanrıça Maat’ın başında taşıdığı deve kuşu tüyü yerleştirilmekteydi. Eğer kalp ve tüy dengede kalırsa kalbin sahibinin erdemli biri insan olduğu anlaşılarak sonsuz bir yaşamı kazandığına inanılmıştır. Kötü davranışlar ile dolu olduğundan dolayı ağırlaşıp deve kuşu tüyünden ağır olan kalbin sahibi ise cezalandırılmaya gönderilmiştir. Bu çalışma, Eski Mısır’da inancın sosyal yaşamdaki yönünü belirleyen Maat anlayışının, erdem ahlakı tarafından nasıl biçimlendirildiğini, günümüze ulaşmış olan metinler üzerinden açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="023bc8ccdef3ad3ca15565d85e3a09bc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95863596,"asset_id":93005839,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95863596/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93005839"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93005839"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93005839; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93005683"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005683/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Tar%C4%B1msal_Uretim_Bicimi_ve_Vergilendirme_Sistemi_MO_3100_672"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır daki Tarımsal Uretim Bicimi ve Vergilendirme Sistemi MO 3100 672" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95863548/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005683/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Tar%C4%B1msal_Uretim_Bicimi_ve_Vergilendirme_Sistemi_MO_3100_672">Eski Mısır daki Tarımsal Uretim Bicimi ve Vergilendirme Sistemi MO 3100 672</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">İnsanlık, tarımın yaygınlaşmasından sonra oluşan yerleşik hayat ile öncelikle şehirleşme sonrasın...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">İnsanlık, tarımın yaygınlaşmasından sonra oluşan yerleşik hayat ile öncelikle şehirleşme sonrasında devletleşme aşamalarına geçerek tarihindeki en büyük değişimi gerçekleştirmiştir. Nil’in öngörülebilen bir zaman diliminde taşması ile nehrin vadisi ve deltasında doğal olarak tarım için müsait alanlar oluşmuştur. Bu alanlarda yaklaşık sekiz bin yıldır devam eden tarımsal üretim, kadim Mısır medeniyetinin ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Tarımın yapıldığı diğer coğrafyalar ile kıyaslandığında en az emekle en fazla ürünün alındığı Mısır’da birbiri ardına güçlü hanedanlıklar kurulmuştur. Bu çalışma, Eski Mısır'daki tarımsal üretimin gerçekleştirilmesi, kontrolü ve artırımı için yapılan düzenlemeler ile Mısır’daki hanedanlıkların en temel gelir kaynağını oluşturan tarımsal vergilendirme sisteminin binyıllar boyunca sürdürdüğü gelişimi ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c260cee0a143b6e3150dc6dccb4ef384" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95863548,"asset_id":93005683,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95863548/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93005683"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93005683"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93005683; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93005621"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005621/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Sebaty_Metinlerinin_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1_A%C3%A7%C4%B1s%C4%B1ndan_De%C4%9Ferlendirilmesi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinlerinin Yönetim Anlayışı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95863517/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005621/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Sebaty_Metinlerinin_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1_A%C3%A7%C4%B1s%C4%B1ndan_De%C4%9Ferlendirilmesi">Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinlerinin Yönetim Anlayışı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinleri, halktan insanların yaşamları boyunca nasıl davranması ve kralla...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinleri, halktan insanların yaşamları boyunca nasıl davranması ve kralların tebaasını ne şekilde yönetmesi gerektiğini anlatmayı amaçlanarak yazılmıştır. Sebaty Metinleri’nin bir kısmının krallar ve bilge kişiler tarafından yazılmış olduğu bilinmesine rağmen büyük çoğunluğunun anonim olduğu düşünülmektedir. Eski Mısır inanç sistemine ve Maat anlayışına ters düşmeyecek biçimde yazılan Sebaty Metinleri, günlük hayatın pratik uygulamaları üzerine kurgulanmıştır. İyilik yapmanın ve kötülükten uzak durmanın öncelikli gaye olarak belirlendiği Sebaty Metinlerinde, Mısır inanç sistemine göre doğru davranışlar sergileyenlerin, tanrıların isteklerini yerine getirenlerin bu dünyada uzun ve mutlu bir yaşantı süreceği ve diğer alemde mükafatlandırılacağı belirtilmiştir. Bu durumun tersine tanrıların isteklerine uymayarak diğer insanlara haksızlıklar yapanın bu dünyadaki hayatının kısalacağı ve diğer alemde cezalandırılacağı açıklanmıştır. Eski Mısır’da birçok Sebaty Metni bulunmasına rağmen çalışmamızda yönetim anlayışı hakkında değerlendirmeler yapılabilen Vezir Kagemni’nin Öğretisi”, “Kral Merikare için Öğreti”, “Kral I. Amenemhet’in Oğlu Senusret İçin Öğretisi” ve “Amenemope’nin Talimatı” isimli metinler üzerine odaklanmıştır. Bu çalışma, Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinleri’nde, eserin yazarının sahip olduğu tecrübeden hareketle yönetim anlayışını algılayışını ve bu noktadan hareketle krallara verilen öğütlerin muhtevasının nasıl şekillenmiş olduğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlayarak hazırlanmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0ff84baa4b708637a3b1f9c3bac1d963" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95863517,"asset_id":93005621,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95863517/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93005621"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93005621"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93005621; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="82387175"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/82387175/From_Cuneiform_Texts_to_Ancient_Writers_Berossos"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of From Cuneiform Texts to Ancient Writers: Berossos" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88113035/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/82387175/From_Cuneiform_Texts_to_Ancient_Writers_Berossos">From Cuneiform Texts to Ancient Writers: Berossos</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">While ancient historians created their works, they made citations to previous authors' narratives...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">While ancient historians created their works, they made citations to previous authors' narratives and did text quotes. These quotations were meant to enrich the author's work and provide wider information about the previous nations. Ancient writers used the narrations of the authors of these societies while giving information about the history of distant nations, such as Egypt and Mesopotamia. Many ancient historians have benefited from the writing of Berossos, which has not survived, for the Mesopotamian history and mythological narratives, which are known to go back thousands of years. These authors included the work of the Berossos, especially the king's lists, the Flood myth, and the descriptions of the Oannes, adding their interpretations. This situation has led the Greek community to arrive in the Hellenic world with the historical thought system of Mesopotamia and the tradition of mythological expression. While some of this information had been adopted with great appreciation by the Hellenic community, some of its credibility had been skeptical. The main reason for this situation can be the cultural difference between the two communities. This study aims to reveal the effects of Mesopotamian <br /> wisdom on the Hellenic way of thinking of the narratives reaching the Hellenic society through the work of Berossos.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2d98df27677629aaf28b78bb0e0c0e56" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88113035,"asset_id":82387175,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88113035/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="82387175"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="82387175"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82387175; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82387175]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82387175]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82387175; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='82387175']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2d98df27677629aaf28b78bb0e0c0e56" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=82387175]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":82387175,"title":"From Cuneiform Texts to Ancient Writers: Berossos","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/82387175/From_Cuneiform_Texts_to_Ancient_Writers_Berossos","owner_id":58831,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":58831,"first_name":"Ercüment","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"YILDIRIM","page_name":"ErcümentYILDIRIM","domain_name":"ksu-tr","created_at":"2009-08-05T23:17:09.077-07:00","display_name":"Ercüment YILDIRIM","url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/Erc%C3%BCmentYILDIRIM","email":"dU9rcVRneTJIQUdGcUhodDlTMXQ5cW96MVo1SWF0ZDNRaFZzN1VES3pQQT0tLTliSmRHM0FBbVZhR1IrQmFNSzdvcmc9PQ==--b03e8ed014b1bc21a5c81888d6d97ac7f67320c3"},"attachments":[{"id":88113035,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88113035/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Makale.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88113035/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"From_Cuneiform_Texts_to_Ancient_Writers.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88113035/Makale-libre.pdf?1656572411=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFrom_Cuneiform_Texts_to_Ancient_Writers.pdf\u0026Expires=1739832311\u0026Signature=EoEPFBE1BFG7NSqfHjLkAmFCPOCihN51~AZ5VgY6vL5aL9BXgJYL8ZqNC5FdHFCyXxND2ASJULkOiUK6hNyz9~ekW~HmeoslOD5vheuXpCRVnWJHS5-WRofxQC1zYVxg5WpkVYh05Luf5edokxAIFGvDFRxzxTBrJ30G3h1QL35pz97CICIh5JEPWaRDPEcvQBDmfdF5ZtG-6cO6sm5KYrdE4IiTnptiKQPg9bp2jeMtMcG5ljEIIvCAKJIJCX8Kxik7bTwdRTcJ2Rpza1mkKJWGFuR-YZfIanS~aPXyoAkjG0YZeeDqVZ6wgAu~yB0QqCIp6of3IAWpIGylRh2Miw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="75819668"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/75819668/A_Comparative_Approach_to_the_Oannes_Narrative_in_Mesopotamia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Comparative Approach to the Oannes Narrative in Mesopotamia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83438576/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/75819668/A_Comparative_Approach_to_the_Oannes_Narrative_in_Mesopotamia">A Comparative Approach to the Oannes Narrative in Mesopotamia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The belief systems in Mesopotamia and Ancient Greece were based on the idea that knowledge was tr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The belief systems in Mesopotamia and Ancient Greece were based on the idea that knowledge was transferred from gods to humans. The common belief regarding the source of knowledge in both societies was somehow different. While Mesopotamian societies believed that knowledge was transferred from gods to humans through a being called Oannes, Ancient Greek society believed that Prometheus stole fire, which was the first knowledge, from Zeus. As written in cuneiform scripts, coming ashore as a half-fish and half-man creature, Oannes was thought to teach Mesopotamians various skills, ranging from building houses to agriculture. On the other hand, it is mentioned in the works of Hesiod and Aeschylus in Ancient Greece that Prometheus created humans and taught them all necessary knowledge to continue their lives. The present study compares different beliefs regarding the source of knowledge in two different societies which existed in two different geographical regions and time periods. Additionally, it aims to reveal the ways in which both societies shaped their world views through divine knowledge. For a closer analysis of both belief systems, Mesopotamian cuneiform scripts and Ancient Greek manuscripts were used as primary sources. After each source was examined in detail, modern interpretations of these sources were also analyzed. Finally, common points in both primary sources were identified in order to characterize the present study based on these common points.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3544d8caf14a3ab9047fb0a7bb3b04ba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83438576,"asset_id":75819668,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83438576/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75819668"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75819668"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75819668; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75819668]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75819668]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75819668; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75819668']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="75819440"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/75819440/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Memfis_Teolojisine_G%C3%B6re_Yarat%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C5%9F_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır’daki Memfis Teolojisine Göre Yaratılış Anlayışı" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83438435/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/75819440/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Memfis_Teolojisine_G%C3%B6re_Yarat%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C5%9F_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1">Eski Mısır’daki Memfis Teolojisine Göre Yaratılış Anlayışı</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Eski Mısır’daki Memfis Teolojisine Göre Yaratılış Anlayışı</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ae39d9540c24ef855291c6f387b18166" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83438435,"asset_id":75819440,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83438435/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75819440"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75819440"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75819440; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75819440]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75819440]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75819440; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75819440']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ae39d9540c24ef855291c6f387b18166" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75819440]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75819440,"title":"Eski Mısır’daki Memfis Teolojisine Göre Yaratılış Anlayışı","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/75819440/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Memfis_Teolojisine_G%C3%B6re_Yarat%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C5%9F_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1","owner_id":58831,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":58831,"first_name":"Ercüment","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"YILDIRIM","page_name":"ErcümentYILDIRIM","domain_name":"ksu-tr","created_at":"2009-08-05T23:17:09.077-07:00","display_name":"Ercüment YILDIRIM","url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/Erc%C3%BCmentYILDIRIM","email":"OVJ2ZEUwbHcwTzFxd0VPc0NYTjVOc3NQdE41d1AxbDIweGZUYytucjcybz0tLVBlekx5UkdlVFVKUnJHV1UvMURSTlE9PQ==--b8b88698017fcfbaaa938ae7d58bb421d1120f15"},"attachments":[{"id":83438435,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83438435/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Eski_Misir_daki_Memfis_Teolojisine_Gore_Yaratilis_Anlayisi.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83438435/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Eski_Misir_daki_Memfis_Teolojisine_Gore.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/83438435/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Memfis_Teolojisine_Gore_Yarat%C4%B1l%C4%B1s_Anlay%C4%B1s%C4%B1-libre.pdf?1649425888=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEski_Misir_daki_Memfis_Teolojisine_Gore.pdf\u0026Expires=1739803201\u0026Signature=Ppr1P6m-iEtnw3q9iw3t5OK~DjDj5NXyd2V0FyK0M6nydCeOgiLzZwCyACb-Xu5-ra1TkPzD4jvARzzj5P0gmGH-1854~HBMwBCa5CULZT-i~uMHfWl2Uat8hh8fEmhrGUCHXmd-zVT6xPRC-gnVGl6M8qUnNDMbb8hWXyhLnEvWJ1lGeWpSosI4OujmYgKQW0f6-Kon1V943qc-cjo4gZSR~DZKcBav6-tNsRp4SVJ~HlO85cUs0SOEgRp3plQPn~6PvlQFYGmH1MpP2QpBcJVow4AOthOFS2OOrVZCw1YIPJkhlc5flyR0RSvWgNyDP6ERPVV7bMLRLgBnaAK9yQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="50565506"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565506/%C4%B0nsanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Metafiziksel_Kozmoloji_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1nda_Mezopotamya_Mitolojisinin_Sahip_Oldu%C4%9Fu_Evren_Alg%C4%B1lay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Etkisi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of İnsanlığın Metafiziksel Kozmoloji Anlayışında Mezopotamya Mitolojisinin Sahip Olduğu Evren Algılayışının Etkisi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68497981/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565506/%C4%B0nsanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Metafiziksel_Kozmoloji_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1nda_Mezopotamya_Mitolojisinin_Sahip_Oldu%C4%9Fu_Evren_Alg%C4%B1lay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Etkisi">İnsanlığın Metafiziksel Kozmoloji Anlayışında Mezopotamya Mitolojisinin Sahip Olduğu Evren Algılayışının Etkisi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>İnsanlığın Metafiziksel Kozmoloji Anlayışında Mezopotamya Mitolojisinin Sahip Olduğu Evren Algılayışının Etkisi1</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">While human being has accepted the world as it is since his existence, he started to think that t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">While human being has accepted the world as it is since his existence, he started to think that there should be<br />a world beyond what he saw. “Paleolithic” which ended 10000 year ago was reflecting the world in which<br />people lived and drew pictures of prey animals on cave walls. However, approximately 6000 years later, the<br />people who were living in Mesopotamia had been trying to tell how the world was shaped on clay tablets or<br />how they existed. As far as we understand from the myths originated from Mesopotamia, the origin of the<br />existence of the universe and the human being having a great mystery are based on the gods. Although<br />Mesopotamian societies couldn’t succeeded the improvement of thinking systematic in today's context in<br />other word “Philosophy” , they developed a universe perception by deducing themselves concrete and<br />objective data, that is the view that the world they lived presented. This study has taken the myths as the<br />reference resource which the Mesopotamian people inherited to the following societies being the most<br />important cultural element. Then, it has tried to explain the universe perceptions of the Mesopotamian<br />societies. As a result, it has aimed at revealing the influence of Mesopotamian mythology on the metaphysical<br />cosmology perception in the aftermath of Mesopotamian civilization.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d08f70f9357e90e84a9a9462337a3f9a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68497981,"asset_id":50565506,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68497981/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50565506"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50565506"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50565506; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50565506]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50565506]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50565506; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='50565506']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d08f70f9357e90e84a9a9462337a3f9a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=50565506]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":50565506,"title":"İnsanlığın Metafiziksel Kozmoloji Anlayışında Mezopotamya Mitolojisinin Sahip Olduğu Evren Algılayışının Etkisi","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50565506/%C4%B0nsanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Metafiziksel_Kozmoloji_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1nda_Mezopotamya_Mitolojisinin_Sahip_Oldu%C4%9Fu_Evren_Alg%C4%B1lay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Etkisi","owner_id":58831,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":58831,"first_name":"Ercüment","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"YILDIRIM","page_name":"ErcümentYILDIRIM","domain_name":"ksu-tr","created_at":"2009-08-05T23:17:09.077-07:00","display_name":"Ercüment YILDIRIM","url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/Erc%C3%BCmentYILDIRIM","email":"eFJSTGtGdDhjZE1YUVRyTDVhR1dESFMwYm5zbWxSNCtDcVdFaExyMUdYTT0tLTlYZUN0Z2VuVDJMUHZPSEc3WmVON2c9PQ==--6d51578c428c0f3be5bda2845b9da63a2cc385b3"},"attachments":[{"id":68497981,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68497981/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Insanligin_Metafiziksel_Kozmoloji_Anlayisinda_Mezopotamya.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68497981/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Insanligin_Metafiziksel_Kozmoloji_Anlayi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/68497981/Insanl%C4%B1g%C4%B1n_Metafiziksel_Kozmoloji_Anlay%C4%B1s%C4%B1nda_Mezopotamya-libre.pdf?1627886885=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInsanligin_Metafiziksel_Kozmoloji_Anlayi.pdf\u0026Expires=1739803201\u0026Signature=hBNAXSpnU-N7WAEwme3HBLoiEsERUeUr7T6kot5wxl2pc-7cr27SOImjx-asvHIdsDncs8m2cUuVO0WS4lEU~PPDRYwmYuGfdi2Tl0KJzMjE3Yl5KyyVs-ai3dyLxcpiB1JeN0-Q4PZcXBj0KyQLFjJH9Tlf-hI0Sc3OSbXRQfV4oIZZ3MvgxqOxD7YDktkNnHGzNBrSnSTyzXWfBrcMH6EA~ccXnXIRz~ekVHZlJ17AsIP32e8L78sjn3m4pFswzrOah4ZR~WhFiD9CAsaExm0EldlDWcC~XDPopASfj6At2oJ6qL3gT5koorK3e88klr03aKVx08WH8YMW20BAFQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="50565394"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565394/Antik_Yazarlar%C4%B1n_Eserlerinde_Adiebene_ile_%C4%B0lgili_Anlat%C4%B1mlar"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Antik Yazarların Eserlerinde Adiebene ile İlgili Anlatımlar" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68497888/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565394/Antik_Yazarlar%C4%B1n_Eserlerinde_Adiebene_ile_%C4%B0lgili_Anlat%C4%B1mlar">Antik Yazarların Eserlerinde Adiebene ile İlgili Anlatımlar</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Antik Yazarların Eserlerinde Adiabene Bölgesi ile İlgili Anlatımlar</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Adiabene, which emerged in the geography that was the center of the Assyrian Kingdom for millenni...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Adiabene, which emerged in the geography that was the center of the Assyrian Kingdom for millennia after<br />the loss of power of the Seleucid Kingdom, remained a buffer kingdom between the Romans and the<br />Parthians for about a century when it remained independent. The region where the Kingdom of Adiabene was<br />established is surrounded by the Tigris River in the west, the Küçük Zap River in the south, the Gordyaean<br />Mountains as the ancient authors describe it in the north and the western slopes of the Zagros Mountains in<br />the east. Most of the ancient writers who have narrated about the Kingdom of Adiabene state that there is the<br />city of Nineveh and Gaugamela in this geography. According to ancient sources, it is known that the first<br />known king of Adiabene was Artaxares, while the most powerful period was experienced during the period of<br />Izates the second. According to Josephus, during the period of Izates the second, the Kingdom of Adiabene<br />adopted the Jewish religion. However, this religious change is thought to have been limited to the royal<br />family. Ancient writers such as Strabon, Ammianus Marcellinus, Plutarch, Josephus, Tacitusve Cassius Dio,<br />have narrations about Adiabene region. These accounts mostly focused on the location of the kingdom and<br />the Roman-Parthian struggle. Again, according to the information obtained from ancient writers, the Roman<br />Emperor Trajan took the Adiabene Kingdom under Roman rule when he went to campaign on the Parthian<br />Kingdom in 113 AD. Later, the lands of the Adiabene Kingdom were transformed into the Roman province<br />of Assyria. After this date, the Kingdom of Adiabene could not regain its power and have an independent<br />administration. This study aims to give general information about the history of the kingdom by bringing<br />together the accounts of the ancient sources about the Kingdom of Adiabene.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="15396ad63f06ca059e4e6a091e81183a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68497888,"asset_id":50565394,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68497888/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50565394"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50565394"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50565394; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="50565241"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565241/Turklerdeki_Kut_Anlay%C4%B1s%C4%B1_ile_Mezopotamya_daki_Kral%C4%B1n_Kutsall%C4%B1g%C4%B1_Inanc%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Kars%C4%B1last%C4%B1rmas%C4%B1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Turklerdeki Kut Anlayısı ile Mezopotamya daki Kralın Kutsallıgı Inancının Karsılastırması" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68497801/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565241/Turklerdeki_Kut_Anlay%C4%B1s%C4%B1_ile_Mezopotamya_daki_Kral%C4%B1n_Kutsall%C4%B1g%C4%B1_Inanc%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Kars%C4%B1last%C4%B1rmas%C4%B1">Turklerdeki Kut Anlayısı ile Mezopotamya daki Kralın Kutsallıgı Inancının Karsılastırması</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>TÜRKLERDEKİ KUT ANLAYIŞI İLE MEZOPOTAMYA'DAKİ KRALIN KUTSALLIĞI İNANCININ KARŞIIAŞTIRILMASI</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">İnsanlığm ilk dönemlerinden beri iki soyut kavram olan yönetim ve inanç, eskiçağ tarihi boyunca b...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">İnsanlığm ilk dönemlerinden beri iki soyut kavram olan yönetim ve inanç, eskiçağ tarihi boyunca bir arada düşünülmüştür. Yerleşik yaşamın başlangıcından sonra, temel üretimi tarım veya göçebe hayvancılık olan tüm toplumlar yönetimi, inancın bir parçası haline getirmişlerdir. Toplumun en üstünde konumlanan yönetenler, insanların inandığı tanrı veya tanrılara olan bağlılığı kullanarak kendilerine olan itaati sağlamaya çalışmışlardır. Yönetenler, hâkimiyetleri altında olmayanların itaatini kılıç ile temin ederken yönettiklerinin sadakatini ise tanrıların kendisine verdiğini iddia ettiği kutsallık ile sağlamışlardır. Yöneticilerin, tanrılar tarafından seçilmiş olduğu iddiası, Eski Türk toplumlarında Kut anlayışı ile sembolleştirilirken, Mezopotamya’da kralların tanrısal yakınlığı ile kutsallık kazandığına inanılmıştır. Her iki toplumun birbirinden farklı yaşayış biçimlerine rağmen yönetimin bir parçası olan kutsallık iddiası oldukça benzerdir. Günümüzde tanrısal kökenli siyasi egemenlik olarak tanımlanan bu kavram ile her iki toplumda binyıllarca yönetilenlerin sadakati<br />sağlanmıştır. Topluma düzen ve zenginlik getirip kaosu uzaklaştırdığı müddetçe iş gören tanrısal kökenli siyasi egemenlik anlayışı son yüzyılda yavaş yavaş ortadan kalkmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma temelde tanrısal kökenli siyasi egemenlik tasavvurunun Eski Türk toplumlarında ve Mezopotamya’da nasıl geliştiğini açıklamayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışmanın temel problematiği ise bu iki toplumun sahip olduğu yaşayış farklılıklarına rağmen yöneticilerin tanrısal seçilmişliğinin<br />benzeyişlerinin neden kaynaklandığına cevap<br />aramaktır. Çalışmada Türklerin en eski yazılı metinlerinden olan Orhun yazıtları ile<br />Mezopotamya’daki çivi yazılı metinler temel referans kaynağı olarak kullanılmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="61bdab3d295d4de6eacf121c4e6ed6d0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68497801,"asset_id":50565241,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68497801/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50565241"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50565241"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50565241; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="44593179"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/44593179/Hititlerdeki_Tahta_Ge%C3%A7i%C5%9F_Sisteminin_%C3%87a%C4%9Fda%C5%9F%C4%B1_Olan_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_ile_K%C4%B1yaslanmas%C4%B1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Hititlerdeki Tahta Geçiş Sisteminin Çağdaşı Olan Mısır Krallığı ile Kıyaslanması" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65052700/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/44593179/Hititlerdeki_Tahta_Ge%C3%A7i%C5%9F_Sisteminin_%C3%87a%C4%9Fda%C5%9F%C4%B1_Olan_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_ile_K%C4%B1yaslanmas%C4%B1">Hititlerdeki Tahta Geçiş Sisteminin Çağdaşı Olan Mısır Krallığı ile Kıyaslanması</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Hititlerdeki Tahta Geçiş Sisteminin Çağdaşı Olan Mısır Krallığı ile Kıyaslanması</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Monarşik sistemlerin en büyük sorunu iktidarın devri meselesi olmuştur. Tarih boyunca birçok kral...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Monarşik sistemlerin en büyük sorunu iktidarın devri meselesi olmuştur. Tarih boyunca birçok krallığın zayıflamasına veya yıkılmasına yol açan süreçlerin başlangıcında taht mücadeleleri yer almaktadır. Bu genel tespitin dışında Hitit ve Mısır Krallıkları da kalmamış çağdaş olduğu dönemde iki krallıkta da birçok taht mücadelesi yaşanmıştır. Her iki krallığın güçlü kralları, tahta geçiş sistemini düzenlemek için tedbirler almış olsa dahi kalıcı bir başarı elde edilememiştir. Hitit ve Mısır Krallıkları’nda, kral, soya bağlı olarak belirlenmesine rağmen hem aynı soydan olanlar hem de kraliyet ailesine evlilik ile katılanlar tahta geçebilmek için kanlı mücadeleler vermiştir. Hititlerde genel olarak uygulanan büyük oğulun yoksa büyük kızın eşinin tahta çıkması geleneği Mısır’da çok kabul görmemiştir. Özellikle kraliyet ailesine evlilik ile katılanların oluşturduğu sorunları engellemek için Mısır’da oldukça sıra dışı bir adım atılarak kraliyet ailesi içerisinde evlilikler yapılmıştır. Bu evliliklerden çocuk olmaması veya olan çocukların erken yaşta ölümü ile sakat doğması bu tahta geçiş sisteminden beklenen sonucu vermemiştir. Her iki krallıkta da uygulanan veliaht belirleme sistemi de diğer kral adaylarının isyanlarına ve hatta ülkenin parçalanmasına neden<br />olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Hitit ve Mısır krallıklarındaki geleneksel tahta geçiş sistemleri<br />üzerinde yapılan düzenlemeler ile her iki krallıktaki taht mücadelelerinin genel yapısını<br />ortaya koyarak birbirlerine olan üstünlüklerini ve zayıflıklarını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="44b885bf2998f5b3c65267e6081c15e8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":65052700,"asset_id":44593179,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65052700/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="44593179"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44593179"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44593179; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34859922"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34859922/The_Power_Struggle_Between_Government_Officials_and_Clergymen_in_The_Ancient_History"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Power Struggle Between Government Officials and Clergymen in The Ancient History" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54718882/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34859922/The_Power_Struggle_Between_Government_Officials_and_Clergymen_in_The_Ancient_History">The Power Struggle Between Government Officials and Clergymen in The Ancient History</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Power Struggle Between Government Officials and Clergymen in The Ancient History</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">People, who shifted their lifestyles from hunter-gatherer societies to settled lives dominated by...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">People, who shifted their lifestyles from hunter-gatherer societies to settled lives dominated by agricultural activities, first began to live in villages and then in cities. The concepts ‘to govern' and ‘to be governed' began to appear in time among the crowded population settled in cities. Clergy members became administrators in the Mesopotamian city-states where the urbanization first started. The clergy members having a hierarchy in their own merits, owing to the organized structure brought about by the religious belief in the first periods of humanity, formed a temple-centered administration system. When secular governors supported by the armies appeared in cities, the clergy members had been ruling, struggles began between these two social classes. In this paper, it will discuss the struggle between secular governors and clergy members who had taken over in the first Mesopotamian city- states, focusing on the Urukagina and Akhenaton samples.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2091cafaba0c72f8b70750b48172ebad" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54718882,"asset_id":34859922,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54718882/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34859922"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34859922"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34859922; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="32677619"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/32677619/T%C3%BCrklerdeki_Evren_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Mezopotamya_Mitolojik_Anlat%C4%B1mlar%C4%B1yla_Mukayesesi_The_Comparison_of_the_Universe_View_Amongst_Turks_with_the_Mesopotamia_Mythological_Narrations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Türklerdeki Evren Anlayışının Mezopotamya Mitolojik Anlatımlarıyla Mukayesesi / The Comparison of the Universe View Amongst Turks with the Mesopotamia Mythological Narrations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/52843842/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/32677619/T%C3%BCrklerdeki_Evren_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Mezopotamya_Mitolojik_Anlat%C4%B1mlar%C4%B1yla_Mukayesesi_The_Comparison_of_the_Universe_View_Amongst_Turks_with_the_Mesopotamia_Mythological_Narrations">Türklerdeki Evren Anlayışının Mezopotamya Mitolojik Anlatımlarıyla Mukayesesi / The Comparison of the Universe View Amongst Turks with the Mesopotamia Mythological Narrations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Turk societies have developed a universe view depending on the geographical location and the ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Turk societies have developed a universe view depending on<br />the geographical location and the belief they have. This universe<br />understanding dates back to the view that the sky and the earth<br />were initially joined and subsequently they separated from each<br />other. Turks used to believe that the sky that was believed to be<br />in the shape of dome like tents that they live shelters everything.<br />Even if Turk communities hadn’t made the universe understanding<br />that they developed a cosmic philosophical system, they<br />made explanations about the creation of the human being and<br />the universe in the first Turk inscriptions such as Ongin and<br />Orhun. Mesopotamia, which is a region where mythological<br />narrations were first inscribed, hosted the oldest form of the<br />universe view of the human being. While Mesopotamia mythological<br />narrations were bare and uniform in the first periods,<br />the mythos belonging to Assyrian and Babylon period became<br />coherent in themselves, literarily rich and developed universe<br />view. In this study, Turkish communities with their first inscriptions<br />using mythological Mesopotamian narrations, universe<br />definitions owned by two different societies will be compared.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="632b964cd5fce5947f39aa37c2927e37" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":52843842,"asset_id":32677619,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52843842/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="32677619"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32677619"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32677619; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="7550" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126336802"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126336802/Yukar%C4%B1_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_Valisi_Weni_nin_Otobiyografisine_G%C3%B6re_Eski_Krall%C4%B1k_D%C3%B6neminde_B%C3%BCrokrasinin_%C4%B0%C3%A7_%C4%B0%C5%9Fleyi%C5%9Fi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Yukarı Mısır Valisi Weni’nin Otobiyografisine Göre Eski Krallık Döneminde Bürokrasinin İç İşleyişi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120228985/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126336802/Yukar%C4%B1_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_Valisi_Weni_nin_Otobiyografisine_G%C3%B6re_Eski_Krall%C4%B1k_D%C3%B6neminde_B%C3%BCrokrasinin_%C4%B0%C3%A7_%C4%B0%C5%9Fleyi%C5%9Fi">Yukarı Mısır Valisi Weni’nin Otobiyografisine Göre Eski Krallık Döneminde Bürokrasinin İç İşleyişi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Mısır kralları I. Teti, I. Pepi ve Merenre dönemlerini kapsayan yaklaşık MÖ 2350-2288 yılları ara...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Mısır kralları I. Teti, I. Pepi ve Merenre dönemlerini kapsayan yaklaşık MÖ 2350-2288 yılları arasında Eski Mısır bürokrasi sınıfı içerisinde hızla yükselen bir memur olan Weni, mezarının duvarlarına kazınmış otobiyografisi vasıtasıyla emri altındaki krallara hakkıyla hizmet ettiğini tanrılara duyurmaya çalışmıştır. Weni, hayatı boyunca Eski Mısır monarşik sistemi içerisinde sivil, dini ve askeri görevlerde bulunmuştur. Bu anlayış günümüz için alışılmadık olsa dahi Eski Mısır bürokrasi sistemi için olağan bir durumdur. Kariyerine I. Teti döneminde tahıl ambarı sorumlusu olarak başlayan Weni, I. Pepi’nin saltanatında, giyinme odasının gözetmeni pozisyonuna terfi ettirilmiştir. Bu yeni görev Weni’ye kralla doğrudan temas imkanı sağlamıştır. Zamanla güvenirliğini ispatlayan ve sadakatini gösteren Weni, Tanrı Nekhen’in kıdemli muhafızlığı gibi geniş yetkilere sahip dini bir görevi üstenmiştir. Kral I. Pepi tarafından kraliyet hareminde işlenen bir suçu araştırmakla görevlendirilen Weni, başarısı ile güvenirliliğini bir kez daha ispatlamıştır. Bu başarı, Weni’ye Çöl Halkı’na karşı düzenlenecek seferlerin başkomutanlığını getirmiştir. Otobiyografisine göre Weni, sivil memurluğundaki başarısını askeri sahada da ispatlamış ve Kral I. Pepi onu Mısır’ın en iyi mezarlardan birine sahip olmasını sağlayarak ödüllendirmiştir. Merenre’nin hükümdarlığı sırasında Weni, Yukarı Mısır valisi olarak atanmıştır. Bu yüksek memurluk görevinde nüfus sayımından, toplanan vergilerin kontrolüne, taş ocaklarına yapılan gezilerden, kanal ve gemi inşalarından sorumlu olmuştur. Weni’nin otobiyografisi temelde Eski Mısır’daki ideal bir bürokratın yapması gerekenleri açıklamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Eski Çağ krallıkları arasında en gelişmiş bürokrasi sınıfına sahip olan Mısır’ın Eski Krallık döneminde bürokratik sistemin işleyişini Weni’nin otobiyografisi üzerinden açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a3826e55a8b1273ab0a84d8578828256" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120228985,"asset_id":126336802,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120228985/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126336802"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126336802"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126336802; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126336771"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126336771/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_da_G%C3%B6steri%C5%9F_Yaz%C4%B1tlar%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Kullan%C4%B1m%C4%B1_ve_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1ndaki_Yeri"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır’da Gösteriş Yazıtlarının Kullanımı ve Yönetim Anlayışındaki Yeri" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120228937/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126336771/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_da_G%C3%B6steri%C5%9F_Yaz%C4%B1tlar%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Kullan%C4%B1m%C4%B1_ve_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1ndaki_Yeri">Eski Mısır’da Gösteriş Yazıtlarının Kullanımı ve Yönetim Anlayışındaki Yeri</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Nil Nehri’nin sağladığı verimli alanlarda gerçekleştirilen tarımsal üretime dayalı yaşam biçimini...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Nil Nehri’nin sağladığı verimli alanlarda gerçekleştirilen tarımsal üretime dayalı yaşam biçimini katı bir monarşik yapı ile yüzyıllar boyu sürdürmeyi başaran Eski Mısır kralları, yönettikleri halkı emri altında tutabilmek için yeni yöntemler geliştirmiştir. Yöneten ile yönetilen ayrımının keskin bir biçimde oluşturulduğu Eski Mısır’da yönetici sınıf, kraliyet ideolojisini sürdürmek için yazıyı etkili biçimde kullanmıştır. Eski Mısır’da tanrısal bir figür, askeri bir kahraman ve siyasi bir önder olan kralın başarılarının halka duyurulması ve böylece ahalinin itaatinin sağlanması için yazıtlar kullanılmıştır. Çok büyük boyutta, olay örgüsünün resimlerle somutlaştırıldığı ve edebi bir metinle süslenmiş olan bu yazıtlara “Gösteriş Yazıtları” ismi verilmiştir. Gösteriş yazıtlarının hepsi kraliyet metni niteliğinde olsa dahi askeri, dini ve sosyal konuları kapsayan içeriğine göre ayrımlar yapılmıştır. Tapınak ve saray duvarlarına, dikili taşlara ve taş levhalara kazınarak halkın görmesi sağlanan gösteriş yazıtları, yönetilenlerin kralları ile gurur duymasını ve böylece daha güçlü şekilde itaat etmesini sağlamayı öncelikli amaç edinmiştir. Bu çalışmada Mısır’ın Eski Krallık döneminde ortaya çıkan ve sonraki dönemlerde yaygınlık ve özgün bir üslup kazanan gösteriş yazıtlarının yönetim aracı olarak nasıl kullanılmış olduğu açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9ada448b9bf3f9bf71d57d2e96fcfcba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120228937,"asset_id":126336771,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120228937/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126336771"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126336771"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126336771; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="108445812"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/108445812/Kommagene_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_ndaki_Diplomatik_Evliliklerin_Hellenistik_K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr_Yay%C4%B1l%C4%B1m%C4%B1na_Etkileri"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Kommagene Krallığı’ndaki Diplomatik Evliliklerin Hellenistik Kültür Yayılımına Etkileri" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106827181/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/108445812/Kommagene_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_ndaki_Diplomatik_Evliliklerin_Hellenistik_K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr_Yay%C4%B1l%C4%B1m%C4%B1na_Etkileri">Kommagene Krallığı’ndaki Diplomatik Evliliklerin Hellenistik Kültür Yayılımına Etkileri</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>KOMMAGENE KRALLIĞI’NDAKİ DİPLOMATİK EVLİLİKLERİN HELLENİSTİK KÜLTÜR YAYILIMINA ETKİLERİ</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Antik dönemde, Kommagene olarak sınırlandırılan bölge, Geç Hitit döneminde Kummuh Krallığı olarak...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Antik dönemde, Kommagene olarak sınırlandırılan bölge, Geç Hitit<br />döneminde Kummuh Krallığı olarak adlandırılmaktaydı. Kummuh Krallığı,<br />MÖ 711 yılında Asur hâkimiyeti alanına girmiştir. Asur egemenliği<br />sonrasında önce Persler, devamında Hellenistik kültür bölgeye hâkim<br />olmuştur. Hellenistik dönem krallığı olan Kommagene MÖ 163/162<br />yılından sonra bağımsızlığını kazanmıştır. Zamanla siyasi ve askeri açıdan<br />yayılan Kommagene dönemin büyük krallıkları ile müttefiklikler<br />oluşturarak varlığını güçlendirmeye çalışmıştır. Özellikle Kral I. Mithridates<br />Kallinikos’un, Seleukos Krallığı ile kurmuş olduğu evlilik bağıyla<br />Kommagene krallığı Anadolu’nun güneydoğusunda siyasi gücünü<br />arttırmıştır. Kommagene Kralı I. Antiokhos Theos’un faaliyetleri de<br />Hellenistik kültürün geniş halk kitleleri tarafından kabulünü hızlandırmıştır.<br />Roma ve Parth krallıklarının bölge üzerinde egemen olmasıyla birlikte,<br />Kommagene Krallığı, iki büyük güç arasında siyasi denge kurabilmek için<br />kraliyet aileleri arasında evlilik bağları kurmaya çalışmıştır. Bu çalışmada<br />Kommagene Krallığı’nın Hellenistik kültüre geçiş sürecinde diplomatik<br />evliliklerin etkisi antik ve modern literatür üzerinden açıklanmaya<br />çalışılmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ea75a345b5334ec0f8041bc76893a896" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":106827181,"asset_id":108445812,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106827181/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108445812"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108445812"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108445812; 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Roma’da Caesar’ın kendisini diktatör ilan etmesi ile birlikte Cumhuriyet yönetimi kaybolmaya başlamıştır. Caesar, bir imparator olmamasına rağmen kendisini yüceltmek adına yönetimsel unvanlar kullanmıştır. Caesar’ın ölümünden sonra yaşanan iç savaşın galibi Augustus, ilk imparator olarak kabul edilmiştir. Roma’da imparatorluk yönetiminin oluşmasından sonra imparatorlar büyük orduları ile geniş coğrafyaları ele geçirmek için seferlere çıkmışlardır. Roma’nın merkezi coğrafyası dışında kalan Parth, Dacia, Britain, Armenia ve Germen bölgelerinde Roma imparatorları zaferler kazanmıştır. Bu zaferler ile otoriteleri sağlamlaştırmış ve Senato’dan kazandıkları başarının karşılığında yüceleştirici unvanlar almışlardır. Roma İmparatorları, aynı unvanı birçok defa kazanabildiği gibi kazandığı unvanları hayatı boyunca kullanabilmişlerdir. Roma İmparatorları yüceleştirici ferih unvanları kazanmaya önem vermiştir. Bu unvanların verilmesi zamanla yaygınlaşmış ve her imparator birkaç unvan elde etmeye çalışmıştır. Bu çalışma, Augustus ile Theodosius arasındaki dönem ile sınırlandırılmış ve Roma İmparatorlarının yaptıkları fetihler sonucunda kendilerini yüceltmek adına senato tarafından aldıkları unvanlar hakkında bilgi vermeyi amaçlanmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a56033cbb749a680ab6fc0653ecb36ed" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":106717808,"asset_id":108296966,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106717808/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="108296966"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108296966"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108296966; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="104142723"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142723/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1rda_Asur_Hakimiyetinin_Ba%C5%9Flang%C4%B1c%C4%B1_ve_Sonras%C4%B1nda_Olu%C5%9Fturulan_%C4%B0dari_Organizasyon"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır'da Asur Hakimiyetinin Başlangıcı ve Sonrasında Oluşturulan İdari Organizasyon" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103947719/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142723/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1rda_Asur_Hakimiyetinin_Ba%C5%9Flang%C4%B1c%C4%B1_ve_Sonras%C4%B1nda_Olu%C5%9Fturulan_%C4%B0dari_Organizasyon">Eski Mısır'da Asur Hakimiyetinin Başlangıcı ve Sonrasında Oluşturulan İdari Organizasyon</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">After the Sea People Migrations that eliminated the powerful kingdoms of the Bronze Age, the Assy...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">After the Sea People Migrations that eliminated the powerful kingdoms of the Bronze Age, the Assyrian Kingdom rapidly strengthened militarily and politically and tried to become the only political and military power in Near East. For this purpose, the Assyrian kings organized military expeditions to neighboring regions every year. As a result of these campaigns, Assyrian hegemony reached the Caspian Sea in the east, Lake Van in the north, and the Mediterranean Sea in the west. The Kingdom of Egypt remained the only political power that could fight against Assyria. Although the first Egyptian expedition launched during the reign of Asarhaddon was not successful, the Assyrian army managed to capture the Delta region, including the city of Memphis, on its return three years later. Later, Asarhaddon allowed the noble families of Egyptian origin, who dominated the cities in the Delta region, to maintain their political power in exchange for paying taxes. In this administrative organization, which Assyria implemented in many regions, after the seized regions were divided into small administrative units, people who pledged loyalty to Assyria were appointed to head each of them. Attached to the Assyrian kings, the most important task of these native rulers was to collect the annual tax and deliver it to the king. As long as they did not rebel, wide regions could be managed by the hand of these rulers who continued to serve. The regions captured by Asarhaddon were first tried to be retaken by the Nubian King Taharka and then by Tanutamun. These attempts, which were considered a rebellion against the Assyrian king, were suppressed by military expeditions. Ashurbanipal, who became the King of Assyria after Asarhaddon, managed to overcome the walls of Thebes, which he could not capture at his first attempt, and plundered the city. Despite this success of Ashurbanipal, the south of Egypt was not held for a long time. However, according to Assyrian texts, a large number of deputy rulers were appointed to the Delta and Valley regions. During the periods when the Assyrian kings were dealing with the Cimmerian raids coming from the north, Necho I., who was a ruler attached to Assyria, managed to achieve a position above other proxy rulers. Necho’s I. son Psamtik I., on the other hand, managed to gather the Delta and Valley regions under one rule and become an independent Egyptian king. This study has tried to transfer the campaigns organized by the Assyrian armies to Egypt through Egyptian sources and aimed to explain how the organization of administration was developed by proxy, which was created after Egypt came under Assyrian rule.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5eb8b675a7422f1387a5fce4846bc6ee" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":103947719,"asset_id":104142723,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103947719/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104142723"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104142723"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104142723; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="104142489"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142489/Mezopotamya_da_Tar%C4%B1msal_%C3%9Cretiminin_Devaml%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Sa%C4%9Flanmas%C4%B1_%C4%B0%C3%A7in_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Finanse_Edilmesi_Vergilendirme"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mezopotamya’da Tarımsal Üretiminin Devamlılığının Sağlanması İçin Krallığın Finanse Edilmesi: Vergilendirme" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103947615/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142489/Mezopotamya_da_Tar%C4%B1msal_%C3%9Cretiminin_Devaml%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Sa%C4%9Flanmas%C4%B1_%C4%B0%C3%A7in_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Finanse_Edilmesi_Vergilendirme">Mezopotamya’da Tarımsal Üretiminin Devamlılığının Sağlanması İçin Krallığın Finanse Edilmesi: Vergilendirme</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmama Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Following the transition of mankind to settled life, the greatest development in human history wa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Following the transition of mankind to settled life, the greatest development in human history was with the invention of writing and historical periods began. The village communities established as a result of the start of agricultural production have grown over time and turned into urban social living spaces. Within the opportunities provided by the geographies where cities were established, the population increased and a social structure based on complex social relations was formed. Within this social structure, different occupational groups, specialization and social classifications have emerged. In Mesopotamia, the large plain lands irrigated by the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers became the regions where cities and then kingdoms were founded. The people living within the borders of these kingdoms were valued according to their loyalty to the king and were able to live their lives by receiving the rewards of this devotion. In this whole relationship, the ruled pay to the kingdom a part of what they get from agriculture and animal husbandry, while the king while the kings used their military power and political authority for the continuity of agricultural production. This study includes the process from the first urban kingdoms to the Persian invasion in Mesopotamia. In addition, this study, it is aimed to make explanations about how and why the products grown by the kingdoms were taken by the kingdoms with the effect of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers on the shaping of agricultural production.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d766bd724dae464abb01987dd5b34909" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":103947615,"asset_id":104142489,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103947615/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104142489"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104142489"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104142489; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104142489]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=104142489]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104142489; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='104142489']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d766bd724dae464abb01987dd5b34909" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=104142489]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":104142489,"title":"Mezopotamya’da Tarımsal Üretiminin Devamlılığının Sağlanması İçin Krallığın Finanse Edilmesi: Vergilendirme","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104142489/Mezopotamya_da_Tar%C4%B1msal_%C3%9Cretiminin_Devaml%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Sa%C4%9Flanmas%C4%B1_%C4%B0%C3%A7in_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Finanse_Edilmesi_Vergilendirme","owner_id":58831,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":58831,"first_name":"Ercüment","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"YILDIRIM","page_name":"ErcümentYILDIRIM","domain_name":"ksu-tr","created_at":"2009-08-05T23:17:09.077-07:00","display_name":"Ercüment YILDIRIM","url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/Erc%C3%BCmentYILDIRIM","email":"bStMTitlNnl3RG45d215eG5EQVUvVzVSV3NJcVppd1VxQ1lhWGtwbVRlND0tLVVPNWZRUnJIZ0xaR0N5cTdUTW1sNlE9PQ==--2240d05105ce9c6a9c659684b6de3d462cdb7232"},"attachments":[{"id":103947615,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103947615/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Mezopotamya_da_Tarımsal_Uretiminin_Devamlılıgı_icin_Krallıgın_Finanse.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103947615/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Mezopotamya_da_Tarimsal_Uretiminin_Devam.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/103947615/Mezopotamya_da_Tar%C4%B1msal_Uretiminin_Devaml%C4%B1l%C4%B1g%C4%B1_icin_Krall%C4%B1g%C4%B1n_Finanse-libre.pdf?1688293547=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMezopotamya_da_Tarimsal_Uretiminin_Devam.pdf\u0026Expires=1739803201\u0026Signature=Hfx6pIqNLA5JKonTfR0Da7VAUgLGl0f1HsAZOCp-VeJTq5Qxfii0p97hr~n~QWv9pU13Lkj7zxr3IpcxlpdoWgOyBPWHLS~a4MKwUyBpq-Ri9Tf~TNVZ71bN~Ymbe~R8K75g5Pc6lbW-VMxwcQmftQamrhEV7znoyBmtbSH6~YVsDWW7-n81hPEKsinS61543zzPZ3LQe8Du5wGgxoVBw81KMYaXHpFwll-xWzXeuwyuKxT44K4uTAzOGlH50LppHqJc1nrfBWonLbeGPoqm1hyK8S-UemqxNbUmWDwBuYf6Vw9cPmFkvqVgZvAqCOMcVfMyWZsKDgRcWBbltTbMlA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="104142418"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142418/Harappa_%C4%B0ndus_Medeniyetinde_M%C3%BCh%C3%BCrler"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Harappa-İndus Medeniyetinde Mühürler" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103947569/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/104142418/Harappa_%C4%B0ndus_Medeniyetinde_M%C3%BCh%C3%BCrler">Harappa-İndus Medeniyetinde Mühürler</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>HISTORY STUDIES</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Between 3000 and 1500 BC, their societies, which had a unique way of life in the valley of the In...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Between 3000 and 1500 BC, their societies, which had a unique way of life in the valley of the Indus and Saraswati Rivers, developed a culture called the Harappa – Indus Civilization. The people of this civilization developed unique technologies to ensure the continuity of their lives and built irrigation canals, baths, advanced drainage systems and large granaries in the 3rd and 4th millennium BC. The geography where the Harappa-Indus civilization was formed is very rich in natural resources and the people living in the region evaluated the advantages of the geography. As a result, an efficient agricultural production system and a systematically functioning commercial structure were formed. While the members of the Harappan-Indus civilization increased their mineral processing skills, they also carried out large-scale livestock activities. The greatest evidence of their development in stone and mining has been the archaeological materials that have survived to the present day. They used the finely crafted artifacts they produced, as well as transported them to neighboring geographies through the merchant class. In the meantime, various forms of seals were used due to the regulation of commercial relations and the need for security. These seals basically show who owns the property right and also give information about the cultural structure of the period. The writing of the Harappa – Indus civilization is still unresolved, so information cannot be obtained from the texts that have reached our days. Therefore, the importance of seals, which contain the most understandable data on how the development of civilization was achieved, has increased and it has gained importance to research. In this study, the types, styles and forms will be determined based on the materials used in the construction of the seals in the Harappa-Indus civilization and the purpose of use and their importance will be explained.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cd086b617482a01ef01d80263a785f01" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":103947569,"asset_id":104142418,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103947569/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="104142418"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="104142418"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 104142418; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cd086b617482a01ef01d80263a785f01" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=104142418]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":104142418,"title":"Harappa-İndus Medeniyetinde Mühürler","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104142418/Harappa_%C4%B0ndus_Medeniyetinde_M%C3%BCh%C3%BCrler","owner_id":58831,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":58831,"first_name":"Ercüment","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"YILDIRIM","page_name":"ErcümentYILDIRIM","domain_name":"ksu-tr","created_at":"2009-08-05T23:17:09.077-07:00","display_name":"Ercüment YILDIRIM","url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/Erc%C3%BCmentYILDIRIM","email":"VGhFTlN1L21Ic1FYZjFlWnFFLzh2VG1SREFncUZkNEI4MXJROWNEYk0ycz0tLXR5Y2hGWVRmelpFeFo3RHVvUjdWeFE9PQ==--df2808f242e2890bee5d4f183565494b9bc2077d"},"attachments":[{"id":103947569,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/103947569/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Harappa_Indus_Medeniyetinde_Muhurler.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/103947569/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Harappa_Indus_Medeniyetinde_Muhurler.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/103947569/Harappa_Indus_Medeniyetinde_Muhurler-libre.pdf?1688293576=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHarappa_Indus_Medeniyetinde_Muhurler.pdf\u0026Expires=1739803201\u0026Signature=T2yk4TlufxILLWnf1ONdawPRNWBiI~lrZnj~lybnkeVl2TSqtGyhxje3cq6-O35kMNRs2aIA7eAboGp~7zRB8B6Vgx2x206UheTRYOrXZ6kEV9yUNPizO-rx1t5kd~Bd6Cnk1g4Qo-q-XIYn2NexeF1lyY2osMBbJoDcmTJ91ETBDZATHf6dZ-ilihGggPpQGivSa3m6czz6508i7I~jkRKmyXhKdWrbfFiucMCdM3R6DMB1dzgYJybKE4pr5nVQsP6pT9XXZeePzbG-97jIh33ueVITU2mLtKOntc2oe-M-Q3oml2hlzv7L3VLbR4qgLNx8vNvnAjVgPqJ0DCRubw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93005839"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005839/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1rda_Erdem_Ahlak%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_%C4%B0nan%C3%A7_Sistemine_Yans%C4%B1mas%C4%B1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır'da Erdem Ahlakının İnanç Sistemine Yansıması" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95863596/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005839/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1rda_Erdem_Ahlak%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_%C4%B0nan%C3%A7_Sistemine_Yans%C4%B1mas%C4%B1">Eski Mısır'da Erdem Ahlakının İnanç Sistemine Yansıması</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Eski Mısır’da insanların birbirleri ile etkileşimlerinde ve tanrılarla olan ilişkilerinde belirle...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Eski Mısır’da insanların birbirleri ile etkileşimlerinde ve tanrılarla olan ilişkilerinde belirleyici olan Maat anlayışı, inananlara erdemli bir yaşantının yolunu da göstermekteydi. Erdem ahlakına dair yazılı en eski metinlerinin oluşturulduğu Eski Mısır’da bin yıllar boyunca kabul gören Maat anlayışı, ideal insanı tarif etmekteydi. Eski Mısır’da binyıllar içerisinde teoloji anlayışları ve tanrıların yücelik sıralamaları değişse dahi erdemli davranışlara sahip olan ideal insanın tanımı, küçük farklılıklar dışında, aynı kalmıştır. Eski Mısır’da tanrıların razı olacağı ve kralın tebaa olarak sahipleneceği bireyin, günümüzde erdemli davranışlar olarak kabul edilen bütün davranışları sergilemesi beklenmekteydi. Eski Mısır’da bireyin hayatına yön vererek, sosyal yaşamın düzenleyicisi olan Maat anlayışı, toplum içerisinde yaşamayı kabul eden her bireyin uyması gereken kuralları içerisinde barındırmaktadır. Bu kurallar, insanların birbirine zarar vermeden ve yardımlaşarak yaşamlarını devam ettirmesini amaçlamıştır. Bu temel amaç dışında Eski Mısır’da yaşamın devamlılığını için vazgeçilmez olan tarımsal üretim devamlılığını sağlamak da Maat anlayışı içerisinde kendisine yer bulmuştur. Eski Mısır’da yaşamı kuşatmış olan Maat anlayışı, erdemli davranışlar sonucunda yeryüzündeki hayatı güzel ve anlamlı kılmayı sağladığı gibi ölümden sonra da sonsuz bir yaşamı sağlamaktaydı. Eski Mısır’da, döneminin diğer medeniyetlerine kıyasla, oldukça güçlü bir ölümden sonraki yaşam inancı bulunmaktadır. Eski Mısır’da tanrılar tarafından yaratılmış olan yeryüzünün insanlar için geçici bir mekân olduğuna inanılmış ve inananların yeryüzündeki davranışların karşılığından ölümden sonraki hayatın tanrılar tarafından belirleneceği düşünülmüştür. Eski Mısır’da kişi, erdemli davranışlar sergilemiş ise sonsuza kadar süren güzel bir hayata kavuşacağı fakat tanrılara ve diğer insanlara karşı kötülük yapmış ise cezalandırılacağı bir yere sürüleceğine inanılmıştır. Eski Mısır’da kişinin, erdemli davranışlar gösteren birisi olduğuna, ölümden sonra kalbinin tartılması ile karar verilmekteydi. Eski Mısır’da ruhu barındıran kişinin ölümden sonra kalbi, birçok tanrının huzurunda Tanrı Anubis tarafından ilahi bir terazinin bir kefesine konduktan sonra diğer kefeye Tanrıça Maat’ın başında taşıdığı deve kuşu tüyü yerleştirilmekteydi. Eğer kalp ve tüy dengede kalırsa kalbin sahibinin erdemli biri insan olduğu anlaşılarak sonsuz bir yaşamı kazandığına inanılmıştır. Kötü davranışlar ile dolu olduğundan dolayı ağırlaşıp deve kuşu tüyünden ağır olan kalbin sahibi ise cezalandırılmaya gönderilmiştir. Bu çalışma, Eski Mısır’da inancın sosyal yaşamdaki yönünü belirleyen Maat anlayışının, erdem ahlakı tarafından nasıl biçimlendirildiğini, günümüze ulaşmış olan metinler üzerinden açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="023bc8ccdef3ad3ca15565d85e3a09bc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95863596,"asset_id":93005839,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95863596/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93005839"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93005839"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93005839; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93005683"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005683/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Tar%C4%B1msal_Uretim_Bicimi_ve_Vergilendirme_Sistemi_MO_3100_672"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır daki Tarımsal Uretim Bicimi ve Vergilendirme Sistemi MO 3100 672" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95863548/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005683/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Tar%C4%B1msal_Uretim_Bicimi_ve_Vergilendirme_Sistemi_MO_3100_672">Eski Mısır daki Tarımsal Uretim Bicimi ve Vergilendirme Sistemi MO 3100 672</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">İnsanlık, tarımın yaygınlaşmasından sonra oluşan yerleşik hayat ile öncelikle şehirleşme sonrasın...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">İnsanlık, tarımın yaygınlaşmasından sonra oluşan yerleşik hayat ile öncelikle şehirleşme sonrasında devletleşme aşamalarına geçerek tarihindeki en büyük değişimi gerçekleştirmiştir. Nil’in öngörülebilen bir zaman diliminde taşması ile nehrin vadisi ve deltasında doğal olarak tarım için müsait alanlar oluşmuştur. Bu alanlarda yaklaşık sekiz bin yıldır devam eden tarımsal üretim, kadim Mısır medeniyetinin ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Tarımın yapıldığı diğer coğrafyalar ile kıyaslandığında en az emekle en fazla ürünün alındığı Mısır’da birbiri ardına güçlü hanedanlıklar kurulmuştur. Bu çalışma, Eski Mısır'daki tarımsal üretimin gerçekleştirilmesi, kontrolü ve artırımı için yapılan düzenlemeler ile Mısır’daki hanedanlıkların en temel gelir kaynağını oluşturan tarımsal vergilendirme sisteminin binyıllar boyunca sürdürdüğü gelişimi ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c260cee0a143b6e3150dc6dccb4ef384" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95863548,"asset_id":93005683,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95863548/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93005683"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93005683"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93005683; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93005621"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005621/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Sebaty_Metinlerinin_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1_A%C3%A7%C4%B1s%C4%B1ndan_De%C4%9Ferlendirilmesi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinlerinin Yönetim Anlayışı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95863517/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/93005621/Eski_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_daki_Sebaty_Metinlerinin_Y%C3%B6netim_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1_A%C3%A7%C4%B1s%C4%B1ndan_De%C4%9Ferlendirilmesi">Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinlerinin Yönetim Anlayışı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinleri, halktan insanların yaşamları boyunca nasıl davranması ve kralla...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinleri, halktan insanların yaşamları boyunca nasıl davranması ve kralların tebaasını ne şekilde yönetmesi gerektiğini anlatmayı amaçlanarak yazılmıştır. Sebaty Metinleri’nin bir kısmının krallar ve bilge kişiler tarafından yazılmış olduğu bilinmesine rağmen büyük çoğunluğunun anonim olduğu düşünülmektedir. Eski Mısır inanç sistemine ve Maat anlayışına ters düşmeyecek biçimde yazılan Sebaty Metinleri, günlük hayatın pratik uygulamaları üzerine kurgulanmıştır. İyilik yapmanın ve kötülükten uzak durmanın öncelikli gaye olarak belirlendiği Sebaty Metinlerinde, Mısır inanç sistemine göre doğru davranışlar sergileyenlerin, tanrıların isteklerini yerine getirenlerin bu dünyada uzun ve mutlu bir yaşantı süreceği ve diğer alemde mükafatlandırılacağı belirtilmiştir. Bu durumun tersine tanrıların isteklerine uymayarak diğer insanlara haksızlıklar yapanın bu dünyadaki hayatının kısalacağı ve diğer alemde cezalandırılacağı açıklanmıştır. Eski Mısır’da birçok Sebaty Metni bulunmasına rağmen çalışmamızda yönetim anlayışı hakkında değerlendirmeler yapılabilen Vezir Kagemni’nin Öğretisi”, “Kral Merikare için Öğreti”, “Kral I. Amenemhet’in Oğlu Senusret İçin Öğretisi” ve “Amenemope’nin Talimatı” isimli metinler üzerine odaklanmıştır. Bu çalışma, Eski Mısır’daki Sebaty Metinleri’nde, eserin yazarının sahip olduğu tecrübeden hareketle yönetim anlayışını algılayışını ve bu noktadan hareketle krallara verilen öğütlerin muhtevasının nasıl şekillenmiş olduğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlayarak hazırlanmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0ff84baa4b708637a3b1f9c3bac1d963" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95863517,"asset_id":93005621,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95863517/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93005621"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93005621"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93005621; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="82387175"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/82387175/From_Cuneiform_Texts_to_Ancient_Writers_Berossos"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of From Cuneiform Texts to Ancient Writers: Berossos" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88113035/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/82387175/From_Cuneiform_Texts_to_Ancient_Writers_Berossos">From Cuneiform Texts to Ancient Writers: Berossos</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">While ancient historians created their works, they made citations to previous authors' narratives...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">While ancient historians created their works, they made citations to previous authors' narratives and did text quotes. These quotations were meant to enrich the author's work and provide wider information about the previous nations. Ancient writers used the narrations of the authors of these societies while giving information about the history of distant nations, such as Egypt and Mesopotamia. Many ancient historians have benefited from the writing of Berossos, which has not survived, for the Mesopotamian history and mythological narratives, which are known to go back thousands of years. These authors included the work of the Berossos, especially the king's lists, the Flood myth, and the descriptions of the Oannes, adding their interpretations. This situation has led the Greek community to arrive in the Hellenic world with the historical thought system of Mesopotamia and the tradition of mythological expression. While some of this information had been adopted with great appreciation by the Hellenic community, some of its credibility had been skeptical. The main reason for this situation can be the cultural difference between the two communities. This study aims to reveal the effects of Mesopotamian <br /> wisdom on the Hellenic way of thinking of the narratives reaching the Hellenic society through the work of Berossos.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2d98df27677629aaf28b78bb0e0c0e56" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88113035,"asset_id":82387175,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88113035/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="82387175"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="82387175"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82387175; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="75819668"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/75819668/A_Comparative_Approach_to_the_Oannes_Narrative_in_Mesopotamia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Comparative Approach to the Oannes Narrative in Mesopotamia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83438576/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/75819668/A_Comparative_Approach_to_the_Oannes_Narrative_in_Mesopotamia">A Comparative Approach to the Oannes Narrative in Mesopotamia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The belief systems in Mesopotamia and Ancient Greece were based on the idea that knowledge was tr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The belief systems in Mesopotamia and Ancient Greece were based on the idea that knowledge was transferred from gods to humans. The common belief regarding the source of knowledge in both societies was somehow different. While Mesopotamian societies believed that knowledge was transferred from gods to humans through a being called Oannes, Ancient Greek society believed that Prometheus stole fire, which was the first knowledge, from Zeus. As written in cuneiform scripts, coming ashore as a half-fish and half-man creature, Oannes was thought to teach Mesopotamians various skills, ranging from building houses to agriculture. On the other hand, it is mentioned in the works of Hesiod and Aeschylus in Ancient Greece that Prometheus created humans and taught them all necessary knowledge to continue their lives. The present study compares different beliefs regarding the source of knowledge in two different societies which existed in two different geographical regions and time periods. Additionally, it aims to reveal the ways in which both societies shaped their world views through divine knowledge. For a closer analysis of both belief systems, Mesopotamian cuneiform scripts and Ancient Greek manuscripts were used as primary sources. After each source was examined in detail, modern interpretations of these sources were also analyzed. Finally, common points in both primary sources were identified in order to characterize the present study based on these common points.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3544d8caf14a3ab9047fb0a7bb3b04ba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83438576,"asset_id":75819668,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83438576/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75819668"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75819668"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75819668; 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window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75819440]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75819440]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75819440; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75819440']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="50565506"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565506/%C4%B0nsanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Metafiziksel_Kozmoloji_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1nda_Mezopotamya_Mitolojisinin_Sahip_Oldu%C4%9Fu_Evren_Alg%C4%B1lay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Etkisi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of İnsanlığın Metafiziksel Kozmoloji Anlayışında Mezopotamya Mitolojisinin Sahip Olduğu Evren Algılayışının Etkisi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68497981/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565506/%C4%B0nsanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_Metafiziksel_Kozmoloji_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1nda_Mezopotamya_Mitolojisinin_Sahip_Oldu%C4%9Fu_Evren_Alg%C4%B1lay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Etkisi">İnsanlığın Metafiziksel Kozmoloji Anlayışında Mezopotamya Mitolojisinin Sahip Olduğu Evren Algılayışının Etkisi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>İnsanlığın Metafiziksel Kozmoloji Anlayışında Mezopotamya Mitolojisinin Sahip Olduğu Evren Algılayışının Etkisi1</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">While human being has accepted the world as it is since his existence, he started to think that t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">While human being has accepted the world as it is since his existence, he started to think that there should be<br />a world beyond what he saw. “Paleolithic” which ended 10000 year ago was reflecting the world in which<br />people lived and drew pictures of prey animals on cave walls. However, approximately 6000 years later, the<br />people who were living in Mesopotamia had been trying to tell how the world was shaped on clay tablets or<br />how they existed. As far as we understand from the myths originated from Mesopotamia, the origin of the<br />existence of the universe and the human being having a great mystery are based on the gods. Although<br />Mesopotamian societies couldn’t succeeded the improvement of thinking systematic in today's context in<br />other word “Philosophy” , they developed a universe perception by deducing themselves concrete and<br />objective data, that is the view that the world they lived presented. This study has taken the myths as the<br />reference resource which the Mesopotamian people inherited to the following societies being the most<br />important cultural element. Then, it has tried to explain the universe perceptions of the Mesopotamian<br />societies. As a result, it has aimed at revealing the influence of Mesopotamian mythology on the metaphysical<br />cosmology perception in the aftermath of Mesopotamian civilization.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d08f70f9357e90e84a9a9462337a3f9a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68497981,"asset_id":50565506,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68497981/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50565506"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50565506"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50565506; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="50565394"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565394/Antik_Yazarlar%C4%B1n_Eserlerinde_Adiebene_ile_%C4%B0lgili_Anlat%C4%B1mlar"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Antik Yazarların Eserlerinde Adiebene ile İlgili Anlatımlar" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68497888/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/50565394/Antik_Yazarlar%C4%B1n_Eserlerinde_Adiebene_ile_%C4%B0lgili_Anlat%C4%B1mlar">Antik Yazarların Eserlerinde Adiebene ile İlgili Anlatımlar</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Antik Yazarların Eserlerinde Adiabene Bölgesi ile İlgili Anlatımlar</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Adiabene, which emerged in the geography that was the center of the Assyrian Kingdom for millenni...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Adiabene, which emerged in the geography that was the center of the Assyrian Kingdom for millennia after<br />the loss of power of the Seleucid Kingdom, remained a buffer kingdom between the Romans and the<br />Parthians for about a century when it remained independent. The region where the Kingdom of Adiabene was<br />established is surrounded by the Tigris River in the west, the Küçük Zap River in the south, the Gordyaean<br />Mountains as the ancient authors describe it in the north and the western slopes of the Zagros Mountains in<br />the east. Most of the ancient writers who have narrated about the Kingdom of Adiabene state that there is the<br />city of Nineveh and Gaugamela in this geography. According to ancient sources, it is known that the first<br />known king of Adiabene was Artaxares, while the most powerful period was experienced during the period of<br />Izates the second. According to Josephus, during the period of Izates the second, the Kingdom of Adiabene<br />adopted the Jewish religion. However, this religious change is thought to have been limited to the royal<br />family. Ancient writers such as Strabon, Ammianus Marcellinus, Plutarch, Josephus, Tacitusve Cassius Dio,<br />have narrations about Adiabene region. These accounts mostly focused on the location of the kingdom and<br />the Roman-Parthian struggle. Again, according to the information obtained from ancient writers, the Roman<br />Emperor Trajan took the Adiabene Kingdom under Roman rule when he went to campaign on the Parthian<br />Kingdom in 113 AD. Later, the lands of the Adiabene Kingdom were transformed into the Roman province<br />of Assyria. After this date, the Kingdom of Adiabene could not regain its power and have an independent<br />administration. This study aims to give general information about the history of the kingdom by bringing<br />together the accounts of the ancient sources about the Kingdom of Adiabene.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="15396ad63f06ca059e4e6a091e81183a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68497888,"asset_id":50565394,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68497888/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50565394"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50565394"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50565394; 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Yerleşik yaşamın başlangıcından sonra, temel üretimi tarım veya göçebe hayvancılık olan tüm toplumlar yönetimi, inancın bir parçası haline getirmişlerdir. Toplumun en üstünde konumlanan yönetenler, insanların inandığı tanrı veya tanrılara olan bağlılığı kullanarak kendilerine olan itaati sağlamaya çalışmışlardır. Yönetenler, hâkimiyetleri altında olmayanların itaatini kılıç ile temin ederken yönettiklerinin sadakatini ise tanrıların kendisine verdiğini iddia ettiği kutsallık ile sağlamışlardır. Yöneticilerin, tanrılar tarafından seçilmiş olduğu iddiası, Eski Türk toplumlarında Kut anlayışı ile sembolleştirilirken, Mezopotamya’da kralların tanrısal yakınlığı ile kutsallık kazandığına inanılmıştır. Her iki toplumun birbirinden farklı yaşayış biçimlerine rağmen yönetimin bir parçası olan kutsallık iddiası oldukça benzerdir. Günümüzde tanrısal kökenli siyasi egemenlik olarak tanımlanan bu kavram ile her iki toplumda binyıllarca yönetilenlerin sadakati<br />sağlanmıştır. Topluma düzen ve zenginlik getirip kaosu uzaklaştırdığı müddetçe iş gören tanrısal kökenli siyasi egemenlik anlayışı son yüzyılda yavaş yavaş ortadan kalkmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma temelde tanrısal kökenli siyasi egemenlik tasavvurunun Eski Türk toplumlarında ve Mezopotamya’da nasıl geliştiğini açıklamayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışmanın temel problematiği ise bu iki toplumun sahip olduğu yaşayış farklılıklarına rağmen yöneticilerin tanrısal seçilmişliğinin<br />benzeyişlerinin neden kaynaklandığına cevap<br />aramaktır. Çalışmada Türklerin en eski yazılı metinlerinden olan Orhun yazıtları ile<br />Mezopotamya’daki çivi yazılı metinler temel referans kaynağı olarak kullanılmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="61bdab3d295d4de6eacf121c4e6ed6d0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68497801,"asset_id":50565241,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68497801/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50565241"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50565241"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50565241; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="44593179"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/44593179/Hititlerdeki_Tahta_Ge%C3%A7i%C5%9F_Sisteminin_%C3%87a%C4%9Fda%C5%9F%C4%B1_Olan_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_ile_K%C4%B1yaslanmas%C4%B1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Hititlerdeki Tahta Geçiş Sisteminin Çağdaşı Olan Mısır Krallığı ile Kıyaslanması" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65052700/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/44593179/Hititlerdeki_Tahta_Ge%C3%A7i%C5%9F_Sisteminin_%C3%87a%C4%9Fda%C5%9F%C4%B1_Olan_M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_ile_K%C4%B1yaslanmas%C4%B1">Hititlerdeki Tahta Geçiş Sisteminin Çağdaşı Olan Mısır Krallığı ile Kıyaslanması</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Hititlerdeki Tahta Geçiş Sisteminin Çağdaşı Olan Mısır Krallığı ile Kıyaslanması</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Monarşik sistemlerin en büyük sorunu iktidarın devri meselesi olmuştur. Tarih boyunca birçok kral...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Monarşik sistemlerin en büyük sorunu iktidarın devri meselesi olmuştur. Tarih boyunca birçok krallığın zayıflamasına veya yıkılmasına yol açan süreçlerin başlangıcında taht mücadeleleri yer almaktadır. Bu genel tespitin dışında Hitit ve Mısır Krallıkları da kalmamış çağdaş olduğu dönemde iki krallıkta da birçok taht mücadelesi yaşanmıştır. Her iki krallığın güçlü kralları, tahta geçiş sistemini düzenlemek için tedbirler almış olsa dahi kalıcı bir başarı elde edilememiştir. Hitit ve Mısır Krallıkları’nda, kral, soya bağlı olarak belirlenmesine rağmen hem aynı soydan olanlar hem de kraliyet ailesine evlilik ile katılanlar tahta geçebilmek için kanlı mücadeleler vermiştir. Hititlerde genel olarak uygulanan büyük oğulun yoksa büyük kızın eşinin tahta çıkması geleneği Mısır’da çok kabul görmemiştir. Özellikle kraliyet ailesine evlilik ile katılanların oluşturduğu sorunları engellemek için Mısır’da oldukça sıra dışı bir adım atılarak kraliyet ailesi içerisinde evlilikler yapılmıştır. Bu evliliklerden çocuk olmaması veya olan çocukların erken yaşta ölümü ile sakat doğması bu tahta geçiş sisteminden beklenen sonucu vermemiştir. Her iki krallıkta da uygulanan veliaht belirleme sistemi de diğer kral adaylarının isyanlarına ve hatta ülkenin parçalanmasına neden<br />olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Hitit ve Mısır krallıklarındaki geleneksel tahta geçiş sistemleri<br />üzerinde yapılan düzenlemeler ile her iki krallıktaki taht mücadelelerinin genel yapısını<br />ortaya koyarak birbirlerine olan üstünlüklerini ve zayıflıklarını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="44b885bf2998f5b3c65267e6081c15e8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":65052700,"asset_id":44593179,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65052700/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="44593179"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44593179"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44593179; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34859922"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34859922/The_Power_Struggle_Between_Government_Officials_and_Clergymen_in_The_Ancient_History"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Power Struggle Between Government Officials and Clergymen in The Ancient History" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54718882/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34859922/The_Power_Struggle_Between_Government_Officials_and_Clergymen_in_The_Ancient_History">The Power Struggle Between Government Officials and Clergymen in The Ancient History</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Power Struggle Between Government Officials and Clergymen in The Ancient History</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">People, who shifted their lifestyles from hunter-gatherer societies to settled lives dominated by...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">People, who shifted their lifestyles from hunter-gatherer societies to settled lives dominated by agricultural activities, first began to live in villages and then in cities. The concepts ‘to govern' and ‘to be governed' began to appear in time among the crowded population settled in cities. Clergy members became administrators in the Mesopotamian city-states where the urbanization first started. The clergy members having a hierarchy in their own merits, owing to the organized structure brought about by the religious belief in the first periods of humanity, formed a temple-centered administration system. When secular governors supported by the armies appeared in cities, the clergy members had been ruling, struggles began between these two social classes. In this paper, it will discuss the struggle between secular governors and clergy members who had taken over in the first Mesopotamian city- states, focusing on the Urukagina and Akhenaton samples.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2091cafaba0c72f8b70750b48172ebad" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54718882,"asset_id":34859922,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54718882/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34859922"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34859922"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34859922; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34859922]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34859922]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34859922; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34859922']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="32677619"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/32677619/T%C3%BCrklerdeki_Evren_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Mezopotamya_Mitolojik_Anlat%C4%B1mlar%C4%B1yla_Mukayesesi_The_Comparison_of_the_Universe_View_Amongst_Turks_with_the_Mesopotamia_Mythological_Narrations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Türklerdeki Evren Anlayışının Mezopotamya Mitolojik Anlatımlarıyla Mukayesesi / The Comparison of the Universe View Amongst Turks with the Mesopotamia Mythological Narrations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/52843842/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/32677619/T%C3%BCrklerdeki_Evren_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Mezopotamya_Mitolojik_Anlat%C4%B1mlar%C4%B1yla_Mukayesesi_The_Comparison_of_the_Universe_View_Amongst_Turks_with_the_Mesopotamia_Mythological_Narrations">Türklerdeki Evren Anlayışının Mezopotamya Mitolojik Anlatımlarıyla Mukayesesi / The Comparison of the Universe View Amongst Turks with the Mesopotamia Mythological Narrations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Turk societies have developed a universe view depending on the geographical location and the ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Turk societies have developed a universe view depending on<br />the geographical location and the belief they have. This universe<br />understanding dates back to the view that the sky and the earth<br />were initially joined and subsequently they separated from each<br />other. Turks used to believe that the sky that was believed to be<br />in the shape of dome like tents that they live shelters everything.<br />Even if Turk communities hadn’t made the universe understanding<br />that they developed a cosmic philosophical system, they<br />made explanations about the creation of the human being and<br />the universe in the first Turk inscriptions such as Ongin and<br />Orhun. Mesopotamia, which is a region where mythological<br />narrations were first inscribed, hosted the oldest form of the<br />universe view of the human being. While Mesopotamia mythological<br />narrations were bare and uniform in the first periods,<br />the mythos belonging to Assyrian and Babylon period became<br />coherent in themselves, literarily rich and developed universe<br />view. In this study, Turkish communities with their first inscriptions<br />using mythological Mesopotamian narrations, universe<br />definitions owned by two different societies will be compared.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="632b964cd5fce5947f39aa37c2927e37" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":52843842,"asset_id":32677619,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52843842/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="32677619"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32677619"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32677619; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="1185396" id="conferencepresentations"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="122555769"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/122555769/Perslerin_Anadolu_daki_Vergilendirme_Sistemi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Perslerin Anadolu’daki Vergilendirme Sistemi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117197553/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/122555769/Perslerin_Anadolu_daki_Vergilendirme_Sistemi">Perslerin Anadolu’daki Vergilendirme Sistemi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Asurluların askeri sefer düzenleyerek yağma ile gelir elde etme stratejisini, Persler, hakimiyet ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Asurluların askeri sefer düzenleyerek yağma ile gelir elde etme stratejisini, Persler,<br />hakimiyet altına alınan bölgelere askeri garnizonlar yerleştirip, vekil yöneticilerle<br />idare etme sistemine dönüştürmüşlerdir. “Satraplık” olarak isimlendirilen bu sistem ile<br />birçok ulusu bir yönetim altında toplamayı başaran Persler, dönemin en güçlü krallığı<br />haline gelmiştir. Perslerin hakimiyet altına aldığı bölgelerde satraplık ile yönetilen halk,<br />yaşamlarının korunması ve mülkiyet haklarının tanınması karşılığında, Perslere vergi<br />ödemek zorunda bırakılmıştır. Persler, satrapları ve dolayısıyla satraplıklarda yaşayan<br />halkı vergilendirerek, krallığın gelirini artırırken, bağlı bölgelerin zenginleşmesini<br />engellemiş ve merkezi yönetime karşı oluşabilecek olan isyan girişimlerini önlemişlerdir.<br />Persler, satraplıklara bağlı olarak belirlenmiş olan idari yönetim bölgelerini aynı<br />zamanda vergilendirme alanları olarak kabul etmiştir. Perslerin vergilendirme<br />alanları hakkında Heredot’dan bilgi almaktayız. Heredot, tüm Pers ülkesinin yirmi;<br />Anadolu’nun ise dört vergi alanına ayrıldığını, alınacak vergi miktarının önceden<br />belirlenmiş olduğunu ve ödemenin gümüş olarak yapıldığını söylemiştir. Aristoteles’in<br />“Oikonomika” eserinde ise Perslerin satraplıklarda uyguladığı vergilendirme<br />sisteminin detaylarına ilişkin kayıtlar bulunmaktadır. Aristoteles, satraplıklarda altı<br />farklı vergilendirme bölümünün olduğunu belirtmektedir. Bu bölümleri açıklayan<br />Aristoteles; topraktan, kralın şahsi mülklerinden, pazar yerlerinden, yetiştirilen<br />ürünlerden, hayvan sürülerinden ve zanaatkarlardan vergi alındığını belirtmektedir.<br />Aristoteles’in açıklamalarına bakıldığında Perslerin her türlü üretimden vergi almış<br />olduğu görülmektedir. Hatta üretilen mahsul üzerinden alınan vergiye ilaveten<br />aynı ürünün pazar yerinde satılırken de vergilendirildiği görülmektedir. Perslerin,<br />Anadolu’da uygulamış olduğu bu vergilendirme sistemi ile kraliyet hazinesine büyük<br />gelir sağladığı görülürken Anadolu’daki halkın geçim sıkıntısı çektiği bilinmektedir. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36908380"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36908380/Yaz%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_%C4%B0cad%C4%B1ndan_Roma_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu_na_Tarih%C3%A7ilik_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Yazının İcadından Roma İmparatorluğu’na Tarihçilik Anlayışı" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56859208/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36908380/Yaz%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_%C4%B0cad%C4%B1ndan_Roma_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu_na_Tarih%C3%A7ilik_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1">Yazının İcadından Roma İmparatorluğu’na Tarihçilik Anlayışı</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Yazının icadı ile başladığı kabul edilen tarihin, ilk yazılı belgeleri olan Sümer Kral Listeleri,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Yazının icadı ile başladığı kabul edilen tarihin, ilk yazılı belgeleri olan Sümer Kral Listeleri, Tufan olayını da kapsayarak, kronolojik bir sırayla, kralların isimlerini ve hakimiyet sürelerini belirterek insanlığın ilk tarihsel metinleri olmuştur. Kral Listelerinden sonra çivi yazısının kullanımının gelişmesi ile mitolojik anlatımlar ve yıllıklar Mezopotamya'daki devlet arşivlerinin edebi açıdan gelişmiş en önemli tarihsel belgeleri haline gelmiştir. Bu dönemde ilahi kökene dayanan ve metafiziksel güçlere sahip Gılgamış gibi efsanevi kahramanların mitosları ile Naram-sin gibi kahramanlaştırılan kralların savaşları çivi yazılı belgelere kaydedilmiştir. Asur ve Babil Devletleri'ndeki krallar kendi dönemlerinde yapmış oldukları tüm icraatları kayıt altına aldırma geleneğini başlatmıştır. Bu kayıtlar, tarihsel bir eser oluşturma amacını taşımamasına rağmen binyıllar sonra arkeolojik kazılarda ortaya çıkınca ait oldukları medeniyetin tarihinin yazılmasına imkan vermiştir. Mısır'dan Anadolu'ya kadar uzanan coğrafya üzerinde bulunan çivi yazılı ve hiyeroglif kayıtlar incelendiğinde bu dönemde henüz bir tarih algısının oluşmadığını fakat yönetici sınıfın başarılarını ölümsüzleştirmek için kayıt alma gereksinimi duyduğunu görmekteyiz. Çivi yazısının icadından sonra tarihsel kayıt tutmak yalnızca yöneten sınıfın ve onların emrindeki katiplerin tekelindeyken, Antik Yunan medeniyetinde toplumun üst sınıfına mensup olan eğitimli bireysel tarih yazıcıları ortaya çıkmıştır. Tarihçi olarak isimlendirebileceğimiz Herodotos, Thukydides ve Ksenofon, hikayeci ve öğretici tarih yazıcılığının temellerini atmış ve kendi tarih anlayışlarını oluşturmaya başlamışlardır. Bu dönemde tarih yazımı bir kralın otobiyografisinin yazılmasından ziyade bir ulusun veya coğrafyanın belirli dönem içerisinde yaşadıklarını anlatmaya odaklanmaktadır. Buna rağmen bu anlatım okuyanı ve dinleyeni etkilemek için gerekli insanüstü öğeleri içerisinde barındırmaya devam etmiştir. Antik Yunan dünyasında temelleri atılan tarih anlayışı Roma döneminde gelişerek devam etmiş ve Ammianus Marcellinus, Appinaos, Dio Cassius gibi tarihçiler ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma; insanlığın kil tabletlerden başlayıp Antik Roma dünyasına uzanan tarih yazıcılığını oluşturan temel etkenlerin oluşmasının yanı sıra dönem insanlarının sahip olduğu tarih algısını belirleyerek, bu tarih algısının binyıllar içinde nasıl değişime uğradığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bc96391f279d85e9a1656c24df45c6b4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56859208,"asset_id":36908380,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56859208/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36908380"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36908380"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36908380; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35213260"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35213260/Hitit_Metinlerindeki_Hurri_K%C3%B6kenli_G%C3%B6kteki_Krallik_Mitosunda_Kozmoloji_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Hitit Metinlerindeki Hurri Kökenli Gökteki Krallik Mitosunda Kozmoloji Anlayışı" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55073181/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35213260/Hitit_Metinlerindeki_Hurri_K%C3%B6kenli_G%C3%B6kteki_Krallik_Mitosunda_Kozmoloji_Anlay%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1">Hitit Metinlerindeki Hurri Kökenli Gökteki Krallik Mitosunda Kozmoloji Anlayışı</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Yaşamın temel gereksinimlerini karşılayan insanlar, diğer canlılardan farklı olarak, kendinin ve ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Yaşamın temel gereksinimlerini karşılayan insanlar, diğer canlılardan farklı olarak, kendinin ve çevresindeki her şeyin kökenlerini anlamak konusunda büyük bir meraka sahip olmuştur. Bu merak duygusundan dolayı tarih boyunca insanlar, çevresinde görebildiklerinin ötesinde olan her şeyi araştırmaya, akıl erdirmeye ve tahmin yürütmeye çalışmışlardır. İnsanlık için bilinmezliğin en gizemli tarafı ise evrenin kökenlerinin nereden geldiği ve nasıl yaratıldığı olmuştur. Dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan insanlar, sahip oldukları kültürel yapıya bağlı olarak, evrenin kökenleri ile ilgili geliştirdikleri varsayımları zamanla sistematize ederek kozmoloji anlayışlarını geliştirmiştir. İlk kozmolojik anlatımların yazıya geçirildiği Mezopotamya coğrafyasında yaşayan Hurriler, Sümer, Asur ve Babil gibi gelişmiş medeniyetlerden edindikleri kozmoloji anlatımlarını binyıllar boyunca sözlü gelenek içerisinde yaşattıktan sonra bu anlatımlar, Hitit metinlerinde kendilerine yer bulmuştur. Bu çalışma, Hurrilere ait olduğu hem şahıs hem de tanrı isimlerinden anlaşılan ve Hititler tarafından çivi yazılı kayda geçirilen Gökteki Krallık Efsanesi’ndeki kozmolojik anlatımları ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.<br /><br /><br />People who meet the basic needs of life acquired a great curiosity to towards an understanding of himself and roots of everything around him. Because of this curiosity feeling people thought out history try to research, conceive and estimate for everything that is beyond that they can seen around them. Where the roots of the universe came and have it was created has been the most mystery part of unknown for human. People who live in different regions in the world has developed their cosmological understanding by systematizing their assumptions about the universe roots depending on their cultural background. After, developed civilization like Hurrian Sumerian, Assyrian and Babylonian who lived in Mesopotamia geography where the first cosmological explanation transferred to writings, kept alive their cosmological explanation in the verbal tradition throughout thousands years, these explanations has found place for themselves in Hittite writings. This study, aims to introduce the cosmological explanations in the myth of the kingdom in the sky and which is understood that it belongs to Hurrians both by personal and gods names.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="12c11656033c287549c0ab4807040807" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55073181,"asset_id":35213260,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55073181/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35213260"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35213260"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35213260; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="41864583"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/41864583/N%C4%B0L%C4%B0N_TANRI_KRALLARI"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of NİL'İN TANRI KRALLARI" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61997502/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/41864583/N%C4%B0L%C4%B0N_TANRI_KRALLARI">NİL'İN TANRI KRALLARI</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>NİL'İN TANRI KRALLARI</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">İnsanlığın kadim medeniyetlerinden Mısır, sahip olduğu yaşam biçiminin özgünlüğüyle günümüz insan...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">İnsanlığın kadim medeniyetlerinden Mısır, sahip olduğu yaşam biçiminin özgünlüğüyle günümüz insanları için hala merak kaynağıdır. Bu merakın bir kısmını Mısır krallarının nasıl tanrı oldukları ve niçin aile içi evlilik yaptıkları soruları oluşturmaktadır. Bu soruların cevapları tek nedenle açıklanamayacak kadar karmaşık olup bin yılların yönetim sorunlarına bulunan çözümler olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Nil Nehri'nin kıyısındaki ilk tarım köyleriyle başlayıp şehirlerle devam eden yaşamı kuşatan Mısır'daki yönetim anlayışı, eskiçağ tarihinin en güçlü monarşik yapısına dönüşürken, yöneticiler önce kral sonra tanrının oğlu ve nihayetinde tanrı olmuşlardır. Bu kitapta, Mısır krallarının tanrı olma süreci açıklanırken eskiçağ tarihinin en etkin bürokrasi sınıfının ortaya çıkışını, tanrısını tekleştirmek isteyen Akhenaton'un mücadelesini, Mısır'ın insanlığa hediyesi olan Maat anlayışını ve piramidal yönetim yapısının en erken evresini okuyabileceksiniz.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d706605fa49ad6cbb1741627e969a690" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61997502,"asset_id":41864583,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61997502/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="41864583"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41864583"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41864583; 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