CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91351d3ffaf38936',cH: 'sD12DWDbXWQKYNnOcMCXqAWZLQV_niQFB1KNE.uDxKk-1739788354-1.2.1.1-coFCaca.DYEh3CT9jftU3V8hIQO46FenCwzS43z2pJ7KMhi3ccsrFikd9r2VUwLn',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=harm%20mitigation&__cf_chl_tk=d9beY86uDYCpHX0ngAe3q0HYqpA3KrwVi7C4KfVfW64-1739788354-1.0.1.1-YTYcgtUH2aMGhdTolKPpW61jjl9lOWraVp.f_OEjhcE",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739788354',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=harm%20mitigation&__cf_chl_f_tk=d9beY86uDYCpHX0ngAe3q0HYqpA3KrwVi7C4KfVfW64-1739788354-1.0.1.1-YTYcgtUH2aMGhdTolKPpW61jjl9lOWraVp.f_OEjhcE",md: "wortSsA4s0R_qN57C.kmGMKdStbIj_yK0yfIjqv20YM-1739788354-1.2.1.1-ztUcPIvRS6OsjOuiPf_s.So61Djt4Fdk8bipxoAg4JyizmEaDbX8tauevFfuqZMwOHSX95jFpBgbvHLCZ_qKlMW3YOyS8T.6tdj3.27f5sg03CNqW5ke.4HuGi9uLLVKXte7s25xI4aPddwF4O1Bs8wRNpGfFV0cfr.dGXFn8qO1Wlw4YBOSCghTHH40GqsOoWgEBpJReYnFwm8Sjw..nRy2qH7YT7uSTvRJK0AkWkECEo3FuAozMjXLOaw.ltDXazcvQ0lEFgE_zCkspjs0JO.NR57lPVNvgvmerIxZiTWaDUsEEp_XxwOy1P4XnHhZpTymzeB_v9wHUQLaP97AS.oAyxCs4NG8czBxxWF7oCBa9TOlEgnnMXNX6Sy8pkouZ_DW00qv3kQKIlki5.VtME5Ma7N9gWUuv3toefo_0kqWroZoDccpHUT4nDjWA6l.FyqDav1Fexu0Jgd411kgq8APlp0P8XELWn1yLsyd2QDKscxt.NX8vlGSx_vxLJkbN8P.79QgW36lHPVQUBI2iGrQMxHCUVJWO9vXtLE7G1rZr0cNIQGQPxfyZwXdgHifXCzpkq3Oe_xnMKeuj7m3nSUnNQ9bWihUd.U.3h.B5wqVS341CgKtDZeGObAbUcSSY9VK9KQnmYMokWsvT5QSk6EfMtiOzIMSZZTr0E8YxGgPcsMukjEzsbLtgGhY1c_3of42tdqpTqSCTt5F5e3yahLyd60qlAiu6sRK5z9oUCS6O29ctFwwDKjqRCz6is67_fNZci4RJiynybw9T7yksJTbmxfQxplGGZ8_Wc.H3kHYUkWgTw9spbk5KX.KXLG7IAKR5efKTkymzKt2wIEWpepFQkhuIHdItTnysxLjJnMOhUqUuMXFSMV1XvIP3m4iGDwLOhMBUZmWVNxxWE7moahzG7hTKK335HhrucjbKDdIISOBz9a2JlFQ_0ZEFej2sc5kMWxJ27XGQ6fEm.zwkLPQcyWvj4Un1Nff2pDYdCLe7PWXuCJqO_lvxa3ui744nhlgSBBHd3R1zr1mKSDyxqJziy7qsoIa.Gb_L8auAKKTQn.1u7OcpM8j.ivUlUtHz_ZG_w8h9arMJkEu8._3z7asWLWTfw7O5r1w1izBpXfEGPRHGePKcI5kptYzH5WOUUbKDWG8y0QDw2XT6hQH0Vxf2iBsftW7O5.j0DzFvUPacgWJo2v6JRD9IRC7CPfKciTx0MQELHWl0Rx8zkgo3rV8lSONQwfmq88wNWw.x8ZLfxUCbdBE.WSbvivVdOaaRzPBFn44hjoHuvt4IJijhfdmAa6oggAATgNHT32w4UPDN4f3avauHkxGB8eNDUeruJz.JvsCJPNiuD0z4LurMrHtFITdFdw1gQENgxoX9nPVToRCEghZK_Tn9ccXb.35WC4UoGbgDT.VGH1bJh1ud_F87CpJxfb_ZtM3J5exOy089Df9_zKKax42XIR1l3h.9PoTZaocJGDCznxtwcfN_ejNPEOcRjQGup6fVnQwl4HM_0aL6V.NEd5M8yu4gOe9f6YYdWf5iS0eeIZ3hsbgelXDzgzbiheLbpxAVMOjWpEF5ZLuoO2LuFgZRyWuwc47rbG.qOb4z3ubuSOcxF7uymSopOeN22mzuIkJYOgG5.7IlibE9r7u64D45YguD4JGqEaQw2YdCGWYk1yqRdMQpyY9UxLzT25ShdLn0P0YIzd_Xz.gVpOtWGsolsbG6MeZ3VQkpS6F92ZTQsVKskPmQC96TfrPAV50wTkzmNuiM2g1VA2S5d9uOpctbbUSG13_IjXGHctCMXPck54bz6acyCReeVN3C01JOCgQGgONTL81ITuEOB8DIHEyq2yZxlgQvju3cepdpHKoId_4uKl9VZOcPYnovhQFHcvFQ3RSH6p8BQSiM2f4KAiIfyMmgymBP7K4XA3HK4kWZsDo84foyULgccR7wqUe_hpi139Smeo",mdrd: "T9EtfH6iv74.c5daeMUroII1C0NeM_lE9J4ohVLO9dE-1739788354-1.2.1.1-1DsZllS7kG649LHcEQT6auYNGoal_x5M6ExEHlRUj2RZWQWRy61USV0e0SgzE9KIrA6ySCJcOI44Y1UPUbarzhmbcvJdgPoCqsUmvcy3kuCGtBY9wJmp07tJREG_JgP9pVxfQtilogVInI0QR1js8BuysppISIUMfPjXo0wV_a.TGHQfCsKb.UbrNefDvsNFiTvDXFUyTy71UuuzKZib2_uQJwcA7qdabouXViRIY6TA2mNwnZsQxKYf1iMx6_LWiJASwfZSiAde6CPUqLKFW0XmUh4V_NeJQ_hd.HmnYiXvp1WtZtmj47w8IUuy27iOQSaHrZeRZgbBN3KypDNnL5KebmPjXA.phPCBzaZAoeGip3pwOsks2vjoczNIXdya9fq9ei2d_oL11dSfhBQM5LzqTsy9AM1rrpEav83q_uVWfH5axxb1lbaDEDyici4HVHCeAFGJ5TcboWGlPJYk65BB84GFUoFgu1iEDpcNkdeaFLY863W_UKQtFTCo8g5_Za3jsT2DQvoOcF6cEiC0i6ZRajqTAlqQGV9zdgyDtTZRzvIYSjJI15UK4icZic8_Sem_um9h0Eh41la4CN9lkFyuefdyhE_axIe9KWW0Fxjqnrtnp2ccwxz_IRcgr9Cmj7pdu1CR0JSMez8f8fhcMgNBNbDlh0OQzpzbpZZjy.6XfX8zIMtbHKokffzQohh4Dw.XQ01rmXw7PLfWqfxvBqrOnB94ZYytcmtWOa49i6iTFQuFb7V0cZ9G6UQg5clfCDMQWKGra9YP1ewL.ng0pOeYau.Rt1ekUx7QeZp5jGA6Kwzw6jsIWhzKs317FjMV1hKU3Eq1jNavnQUStFTkqJ4a2kbGGillPyStNRnZLs798WW1c99XajO5Av1de6TcFVpw1p6Zqb.oD4hH3KVjRoBL_p5EsbAuBr4jfx0vgMzJl_uw3C2915oTeP09w2HwBUBs5eEphaLxmWApakwBe2Gh26jgnTYRsEMPnTjfBH.4GcMHIkmUZqbemQAXXP9PeoSrR5MT4bZx0iefK4ki0P4.Uj.FOjJSVm4dt7HhjrDsqH9Gb3HwiymLw4CocV0z3xQJwg45ruVNlxD0yOSkUsRyLckeuP0GsxyqYsQ8syeeCOuWy0AlPljjcLi56gHWedBAqWBQq4x0iKBfyW6P.XICTylmILVXv56W.2s4FDVHvJnbLx_dS7XIgLpXOWG6LoLJsQL.vPQ8gLR4A4o4Mp.zb5Js0gBeVqb4gcdW_5vFrsBIUnRUIXMQy6H3MZ7YTrY9I9AOg.rwhpFs48mXfJBFRZS0R7xM8vsCwjlV2JnZU_5m2zGyBtye9pyFgj3mcSTVf4JRI4_8of9oBVn7GCA95hE16QuTNYx61ti9v5oW_r1YpFBzDmo6iu8ZvlTk1Xpg2q_HeLXj4.B.YSfX6Q1Xaf33V_65d5d5gDh6qrxA0CuQNq4N07Eu3hbBoM1BFJMBao2P__4nIB6OZskBhErQF96jzBUZbR6bQ61MeQnXIiVodeAl4KbDWWSpH0I7P1w_QhBUF1AtKYOAP.zVUwWSmE9GFuG9YVNT6wMzmVpXssDft53VfuY6DA8rmZixqsus0KwSs4LKJ.nUO3z7XK0l7tEtAoQqc3LYXLlfsyPkJk_17LtsEl7I0XWzVTq9l70xBMSkF6EnAdFL7WYJDuptUzi7dnMWos6VhszpTj3xKqcb3bW718SCXJFBp9gk9AsTw6pLeBk1Bzy9AmEdQ6g9nDzBuzMqJFHotU1hZ8WTLEk0mr0ITkuz3L2nd_7VraC4p10jnraFYA7OGYBAbxGH1ZkHtf8mzcErMU_vH2TL9hjXjs4hVSILpY6eS4hfdfcQa2Rw63npKBSnquth0y4AkexzUYt6hga51Q3.ShKdXMnJMTdE7gAnLDCvadZtMGEeOhH2HAKYYoCaxXhVivaILGSFJxQZ9LapgDtv5kUSAYWGMl7JTuli2wK37EmE"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91351d3ffaf38936';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=harm%20mitigation&__cf_chl_rt_tk=d9beY86uDYCpHX0ngAe3q0HYqpA3KrwVi7C4KfVfW64-1739788354-1.0.1.1-YTYcgtUH2aMGhdTolKPpW61jjl9lOWraVp.f_OEjhcE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>