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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Källor-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Källor</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Noter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Noter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tryckta_källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tryckta_källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Tryckta källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tryckta_källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pierre Abélard</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 73 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-73" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">73 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Abaelardus" title="Petrus Abaelardus – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Petrus Abaelardus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="بيار أبيلار – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيار أبيلار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="পীয়েৰ এবেলাৰ্ড – assamesiska" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পীয়েৰ এবেলাৰ্ড" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Abelardo" title="Pedro Abelardo – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pedro Abelardo" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyer_Abelyar" title="Pyer Abelyar – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pyer Abelyar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="পিটার এবেলার্ড – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পিটার এবেলার্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80" title="П’ер Абеляр – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="П’ер Абеляр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пиер Абелар – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пиер Абелар" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pere_Abelard" title="Pere Abelard – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pere Abelard" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – korsikanska" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Peter Abélard – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Peter Abélard" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Abaelardus" title="Petrus Abaelardus – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Petrus Abaelardus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Πέτρος Αβελάρδος – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πέτρος Αβελάρδος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Abelard" title="Peter Abelard – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Peter Abelard" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Abelardo" title="Pedro Abelardo – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pedro Abelardo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelardo" title="Abelardo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Abelardo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petri_Abelardo" title="Petri Abelardo – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Petri Abelardo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="پیر آبلار – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیر آبلار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4_%EC%95%84%EB%B2%A8%EB%9D%BC%EB%A5%B4" title="피에르 아벨라르 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="피에르 아벨라르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%BC_%D4%B1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Պիեռ Աբելար – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պիեռ Աբելար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="पीटर अबेलार्ड – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पीटर अबेलार्ड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petar_Abelard" title="Petar Abelard – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Petar Abelard" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Abelardus" title="Petrus Abelardus – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Petrus Abelardus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_Abelardo" title="Pietro Abelardo – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pietro Abelardo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%90%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%A8" title="פייר אבלר – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פייר אבלר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="პიერ აბელარი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პიერ აბელარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80" title="Пьер Абеляр – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пьер Абеляр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80" title="Пьер Абеляр – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Пьер Абеляр" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Abaelardus" title="Petrus Abaelardus – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Petrus Abaelardus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pj%C4%93rs_Abel%C4%81rs" title="Pjērs Abelārs – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pjērs Abelārs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelard" title="Abelard – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Abelard" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="പീറ്റർ അബലാർഡ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പീറ്റർ അബലാർഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="بيار ابيلار – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيار ابيلار" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B2_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ပီယဲ အဗေလား – burmesiska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပီယဲ အဗေလား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Abaelardus" title="Petrus Abaelardus – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Petrus Abaelardus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%99%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ピエール・アベラール – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピエール・アベラール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Abelard" title="Peter Abelard – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Peter Abelard" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelyar_Pyer" title="Abelyar Pyer – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abelyar Pyer" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Abelard" title="Piotr Abelard – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Piotr Abelard" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Abelardo" title="Pedro Abelardo – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pedro Abelardo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petru_Abelard" title="Petru Abelard – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Petru Abelard" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80" title="Пьер Абеляр – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пьер Абеляр" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjer_Abelardi" title="Pjer Abelardi – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pjer Abelardi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petru_Abbilardu" title="Petru Abbilardu – sicilianska" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Petru Abbilardu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1_%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="پیتەر ئەبیلارد – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پیتەر ئەبیلارد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пјер Абелар – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пјер Абелар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="பியேர் அபேலார்டு – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பியேர் அபேலார்டு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80" title="Пьер Абеляр – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Пьер Абеляр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80" title="Пйер Абеляр – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Пйер Абеляр" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%27%D1%94%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80" title="П'єр Абеляр – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="П'єр Абеляр" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pierre Abélard" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94" title="皮埃尔·阿伯拉尔 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="皮埃尔·阿伯拉尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Abelard" title="Peter Abelard – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Peter Abelard" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7" title="亞伯拉德 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="亞伯拉德" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94" title="皮埃尔·阿伯拉尔 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="皮埃尔·阿伯拉尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4295#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Abelardo_ed_Eloisa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Abelardo_ed_Eloisa.jpg/250px-Abelardo_ed_Eloisa.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Abelardo_ed_Eloisa.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption>Abélard och Héloïse. Illustration från 1300-talet.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Pierre Abélard</b>, <a href="/wiki/Franska" title="Franska">franska</a> <i>Pierre Abélard</i>, <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a> <i>Petrus Abaelardus</i>, andra stavningar: <i>Abaelard</i>, <i>Abailard</i>, född <a href="/wiki/1079" title="1079">1079</a> i <a href="/wiki/Le_Pallet" title="Le Pallet">Le Pallet</a> i närheten av <a href="/wiki/Nantes" title="Nantes">Nantes</a>, död <a href="/wiki/21_april" title="21 april">21 april</a> <a href="/wiki/1142" title="1142">1142</a> i klostret <a href="/wiki/Saint-Marcel,_Sa%C3%B4ne-et-Loire" title="Saint-Marcel, Saône-et-Loire">Saint-Marcel</a> i närheten av <a href="/wiki/Chalon-sur-Sa%C3%B4ne" title="Chalon-sur-Saône">Chalon-sur-Saône</a>, var en framstående men kontroversiell fransk <a href="/wiki/Medeltiden" title="Medeltiden">medeltida</a> <a href="/wiki/Filosof" title="Filosof">filosof</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teolog" class="mw-redirect" title="Teolog">teolog</a> och <a href="/wiki/Poet" title="Poet">poet</a>. Han var en av <a href="/wiki/Skolastik" title="Skolastik">skolastikens</a> och <a href="/wiki/Konceptualism" title="Konceptualism">konceptualismens</a> grundare. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografi">Biografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Biografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Biografi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abélard studerade för <a href="/wiki/Vilhelm_av_Champeaux" title="Vilhelm av Champeaux">Vilhelm av Champeaux</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anselm_av_Laon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anselm av Laon [inte skriven än]">Anselm</a> och grundade en internationellt känd skola för studier i <a href="/wiki/Teologi" title="Teologi">teologi</a> i Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-Filosofilexikonet_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Filosofilexikonet-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Han var verksam som lärare där från 1113 och utövade stort inflytande genom sin lärdom och sitt skarpsinne. På grund av sin inställning till <a href="/wiki/Treenighetsl%C3%A4ran" title="Treenighetsläran">treenighetsläran</a> blev han 1121 dömd av <a href="/wiki/Synod" title="Synod">synoden</a> i <a href="/wiki/Soissons" title="Soissons">Soissons</a> att spärras in i <a href="/wiki/Kloster" title="Kloster">kloster</a>. Benådad därifrån dömdes han till samma straff 1141 av synoden i <a href="/wiki/Sens" title="Sens">Sens</a> på grund av den häftiga polemik, som <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_av_Clairvaux" title="Bernhard av Clairvaux">Bernhard av Clairvaux</a> riktat mot hans åsikter.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Abélard betonade bland annat att sinnelaget är viktigt, då man skall bedöma en handling <a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">moraliskt</a> och ansåg att <a href="/wiki/Arvsynd" title="Arvsynd">arvsynden</a> inte medför skuld hos den enskilda människan. I sin subjektiva <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rsoningsl%C3%A4ra" title="Försoningslära">försoningslära</a> lägger han vikt vid att <a href="/wiki/Kristus" title="Kristus">Kristus</a> genom kärleken omskapar människan snarare än friköper henne som den objektiva försoningsläran säger.<sup id="cite_ref-kyrkolexikon_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kyrkolexikon-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abélard resonerar vidare att <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rnuft" title="Förnuft">förnuftet</a>, såsom givet av <a href="/wiki/Gud" title="Gud">Gud</a>, inte kan stå i motsatsförhållande till <a href="/wiki/Tro" title="Tro">tron</a>. Detta var ytterligare ett kontroversiellt synsätt eftersom det innebar att tron inte kunde vara överordnad förnuftet, såsom kyrkan lärde.<sup id="cite_ref-kyrkolexikon_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kyrkolexikon-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> På grund av sina kontroversiella åsikter låg Abélard en tid i konflikt med <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A5ve" title="Påve">påven</a>. </p><p>Mest berömd är hans brevväxling med sin elev och älskade <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9lo%C3%AFse" title="Héloïse">Héloïse</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Filosofilexikonet_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Filosofilexikonet-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> det sjuttonåriga syskonbarnet till kaniken Fulbert av Notre-Dame. Han blev hennes lärare vid 36 års ålder. De förälskade sig, vilket resulterade i en son, och de gifte sig i hemlighet, men strax efteråt förnekade Héloïse <a href="/wiki/%C3%84ktenskap" title="Äktenskap">äktenskapet</a> eftersom hon var rädd för att det kunde vara ett hinder för hans befordran. Fulbert blev då rasande över Abélards tysta medgivande och skickade ut "torpeder", som övermannade och kastrerade Abélard. Abélard gick in i <a href="/wiki/Klosterkyrkan_Saint-Denis" title="Klosterkyrkan Saint-Denis">klostret i Saint-Dénis</a> och Héloïse blev <a href="/wiki/Nunna" title="Nunna">nunna</a>. </p><p>Abélard fortsatte med sin kontroversiella undervisning och grundade sedermera en annan skola nära <a href="/wiki/Nogent-sur-Seine" title="Nogent-sur-Seine">Nogent-sur-Seine</a>, <i>Paraclete</i>. Han begav sig sedan av till <a href="/wiki/Bretagne" title="Bretagne">Bretagne</a> där han skulle leda klostret <a href="/wiki/St_Gildas_de_Rhuys" class="mw-redirect" title="St Gildas de Rhuys">St. Gildas</a>, och då skänkte han Paraclete till Héloïses orden. </p><p>Hans stormiga liv slutade 1142 och Héloïse begravdes vid hans sida 1164. Deras kvarlevor flyttades från Paraclete och de begravdes på nytt 1817 på <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re-Lachaise" title="Père-Lachaise">Père-Lachaise</a>-kyrkogården i Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-Nationalenciklopedi_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nationalenciklopedi-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sic_et_Non&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sic et Non [inte skriven än]">Sic et Non</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scito_te_ipsum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scito te ipsum [inte skriven än]">Scito te ipsum</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noter">Noter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Noter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Noter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Filosofilexikonet-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-Filosofilexikonet_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Filosofilexikonet_1-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFLübcke1988">Lübcke, Poul (1988). <i><span>Filosofilexikonet</span></i>. Forum. sid. 11. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/91-37-10062-9" title="Special:Bokkällor/91-37-10062-9">ISBN 91-37-10062-9</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Filosofilexikonet&rft.aulast=L%C3%BCbcke&rft.aufirst=Poul&rft.au=L%C3%BCbcke%2C+Poul&rft.date=1988&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B11&rft.pub=Forum&rft.isbn=91-37-10062-9&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Svensk_Uppslagsbok" class="mw-redirect" title="Svensk Uppslagsbok">Svensk Uppslagsbok</a>, Band 1, 1947–1955</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeff1962">Leff 1962</a>, s. 113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kyrkolexikon-4">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-kyrkolexikon_4-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kyrkolexikon_4-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Henrik_Martling" title="Carl Henrik Martling">Martling, Carl Henrik</a> [2005]. <i>Svenskt kyrkolexikon</i>, Skellefteå: Artos & Norma bokförlag, uppslagsord <i>Abælard, Pierre</i>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/91_7580_282-1" title="Special:Bokkällor/91 7580 282-1">ISBN 91 7580 282-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nationalenciklopedi-5"><a href="#cite_ref-Nationalenciklopedi_5-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"> <i><span><a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">Nationalencyklopedin</a></span></i>. Bra Böcker. 1989. sid. 440. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/91-7024-621-1" title="Special:Bokkällor/91-7024-621-1">ISBN 91-7024-621-1</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5BNationalencyklopedin%5D%5D&rft.date=1989&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B440&rft.pub=Bra+B%C3%B6cker&rft.isbn=91-7024-621-1&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tryckta_källor"><span id="Tryckta_k.C3.A4llor"></span>Tryckta källor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Tryckta källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Tryckta källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFLeff1962">Leff, Gordon (1962) (på engelska). <i><span>Medieval Thought: St Augustine to Ockham</span></i>. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Thought%3A+St+Augustine+to+Ockham&rft.aulast=Leff&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.au=Leff%2C+Gordon&rft.date=1962&rft.place=Harmondsworth%2C+Middlesex&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons har media som rör <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Peter_Abelard" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Peter Abelard">Pierre Abélard</a>.<div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Peter_Abelard" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Peter Abelard">Bilder & media</a></div></li></ul> <style 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style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Medeltidens_filosofer&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Medeltidens_filosofi" title="Medeltidens filosofi">Medeltidens filosofer</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Kristen_filosofi" title="Kristen filosofi">Kristna filosofer</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pierre Abélard</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%86gidius_Romanus" title="Ægidius Romanus">Ægidius Romanus</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alain_de_Lille" title="Alain de Lille">Alain de Lille</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Albertus_Magnus" title="Albertus Magnus">Albertus Magnus</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_av_Hales" title="Alexander av Hales">Alexander av Hales</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Anselm_av_Canterbury" title="Anselm av Canterbury">Anselm av Canterbury</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Augustinus" title="Augustinus">Augustinus</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Bacon" title="Roger Bacon">Roger Bacon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bernardus_Silvestris" title="Bernardus Silvestris">Bernardus Silvestris</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_av_Clairvaux" title="Bernhard av Clairvaux">Bernhard av Clairvaux</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Anicius_Manlius_Severinus_Boethius" class="mw-redirect" title="Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius">Boethius</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bo%C3%ABthius_de_Dacia" title="Boëthius de Dacia">Boëthius de Dacia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bonaventura" title="Bonaventura">Bonaventura</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Buridan" title="Jean Buridan">Jean Buridan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burley" title="Walter Burley">Walter Burley</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Duns_Scotus" title="Johannes Duns Scotus">Johannes Duns Scotus</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Durand_(filosof)" title="Guillaume Durand (filosof)">Guillaume Durand</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Eckhart_von_Hochheim" title="Eckhart von Hochheim">Eckhart von Hochheim</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Georgios_Gemistos_Plethon" title="Georgios Gemistos Plethon">Georgios Gemistos Plethon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_de_la_Porr%C3%A9e" title="Gilbert de la Porrée">Gilbert de la Porrée</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_av_Fontaines" title="Godfrey av Fontaines">Godfrey av Fontaines</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Henrik_av_Gent" title="Henrik av Gent">Henrik av Gent</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hildegard_av_Bingen" title="Hildegard av Bingen">Hildegard av Bingen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hugo_av_Sankt_Victor" title="Hugo av Sankt Victor">Hugo av Sankt Victor</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Joakim_av_Floris" title="Joakim av Floris">Joakim av Floris</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a 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href="/wiki/Thomas_av_Aquino" title="Thomas av Aquino">Thomas av Aquino</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vilhelm_av_Auvergne" title="Vilhelm av Auvergne">Vilhelm av Auvergne</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vilhelm_av_Champeaux" title="Vilhelm av Champeaux">Vilhelm av Champeaux</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vilhelm_av_Conches" title="Vilhelm av Conches">Vilhelm av Conches</a></div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Gentile_da_Fabriano_052.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thomas av Aquino (1225-1274)"><img alt="Thomas av Aquino (1225-1274)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Gentile_da_Fabriano_052.jpg/75px-Gentile_da_Fabriano_052.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" 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style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Averro%C3%ABs" title="Averroës">Averroës</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna">Avicenna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Rawandi" title="Ibn al-Rawandi">Ibn al-Rawandi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jalal_al-din_Rumi" title="Jalal al-din Rumi">Jalal al-din Rumi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ghazali" title="Mohammad Ghazali">Mohammad Ghazali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Razi" title="Razi">Razi (Rhazes)</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"><table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table 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