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Available in 91 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-91" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">91 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مادة كيميائية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مادة كيميائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%A9" title="Նիւթ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Նիւթ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustancia_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Sustancia químico – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sustancia químico" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madd%C9%99" title="Maddə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Maddə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B2a-ha%CC%8Dk_bu%CC%8Dt-chit" title="Hòa-ha̍k bu̍t-chit – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hòa-ha̍k bu̍t-chit" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Хімічнае рэчыва – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хімічнае рэчыва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Рэчыва – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рэчыва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="रासायनिक पदार्थ – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रासायनिक पदार्थ" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Химично вещество – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Химично вещество" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijska_supstanca" title="Hemijska supstanca – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hemijska supstanca" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subst%C3%A0ncia_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Substància química – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Substància química" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8)" title="Япалалăх (хими) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Япалалăх (хими)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1tka" title="Látka – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Látka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushonga" title="Mushonga – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mushonga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisk_stof" title="Kemisk stof – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kemisk stof" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoff_(Chemie)" title="Stoff (Chemie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stoff (Chemie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemiline_aine" title="Keemiline aine – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keemiline aine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Χημική ουσία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημική ουσία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substance" title="Chemical substance – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chemical substance" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustancia_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Sustancia química – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sustancia química" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia%C4%B5o" title="Kemiaĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kemiaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gai_kimiko" title="Gai kimiko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gai kimiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ماده شیمیایی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماده شیمیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_chimique" title="Substance chimique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Substance chimique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substaint_cheimiceach" title="Substaint cheimiceach – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Substaint cheimiceach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substancia_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Substancia química – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Substancia química" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99_%EB%AC%BC%EC%A7%88" title="화학 물질 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화학 물질" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abubuwan_sunadarai" title="Abubuwan sunadarai – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Abubuwan sunadarai" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9" title="Նյութ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նյութ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemijska_tvar" title="Kemijska tvar – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kemijska tvar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zat_kimia" title="Zat kimia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Zat kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substantia_chimic" title="Substantia chimic – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Substantia chimic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isiqa" title="Isiqa – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Isiqa" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sostanza_pura" title="Sostanza pura – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sostanza pura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9C" title="כימיקל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כימיקל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zat_Kimia" title="Zat Kimia – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Zat Kimia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ნივთიერება – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნივთიერება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Химикаттар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Химикаттар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemikali" title="Kemikali – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kemikali" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibstans" title="Sibstans – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sibstans" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Зат – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Зат" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimiska_l%C4%ABtne" title="Kimiska lītne – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Kimiska lītne" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmisk%C4%81_viela" title="Ķīmiskā viela – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ķīmiskā viela" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemin%C4%97_med%C5%BEiaga" title="Cheminė medžiaga – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cheminė medžiaga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_sjtof" title="Chemische sjtof – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Chemische sjtof" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Супстанција – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Супстанција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="रासायनिक पदार्थ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रासायनिक पदार्थ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahan_kimia" title="Bahan kimia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahan kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9C" title="ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Химийн бодис – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Химийн бодис" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wainimate" title="Wainimate – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Wainimate" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stof_(scheikunde)" title="Stof (scheikunde) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stof (scheikunde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="रासायनिक पदार्थ – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रासायनिक पदार्थ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" title="化学物質 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="化学物質" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemisk_substans" title="Kjemisk substans – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kjemisk substans" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemisk_stoff" title="Kjemisk stoff – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kjemisk stoff" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Эмен – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Эмен" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A5" title="ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਪਦਾਰਥ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਪਦਾਰਥ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%B4%DB%92" title="کیمیائی شے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کیمیائی شے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8" title="សារធាតុគីមី – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សារធាតុគីមី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheemsch_Stoff" title="Cheemsch Stoff – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Cheemsch Stoff" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substancja_chemiczna" title="Substancja chemiczna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Substancja chemiczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subst%C3%A2ncia" title="Substância – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Substância" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substan%C8%9B%C4%83_chimic%C4%83" title="Substanță chimică – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Substanță chimică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Вещество (химия) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вещество (химия)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BA" title="Сэк – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сэк" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substance" title="Chemical substance – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Chemical substance" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substanca" title="Substanca – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Substanca" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%A1_l%C3%A1tka" title="Chemická látka – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chemická látka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AF%DB%95%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ماددەی کیمیایی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ماددەی کیمیایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Хемијска супстанца – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хемијска супстанца" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijska_supstanca" title="Hemijska supstanca – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hemijska supstanca" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahan_kimia" title="Bahan kimia – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bahan kimia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemiallinen_aine" title="Kemiallinen aine – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kemiallinen aine" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustansiyang_kimikal" title="Sustansiyang kimikal – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sustansiyang kimikal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="வேதிப்பொருள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வேதிப்பொருள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanga_takrurant" title="Tanga takrurant – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tanga takrurant" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="สารเคมี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สารเคมี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Модда (химия) – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Модда (химия)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyasal_madde" title="Kimyasal madde – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kimyasal madde" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Речовина – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Речовина" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%B4%DB%92" title="کیمیائی شے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیمیائی شے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sostansa" title="Sostansa – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sostansa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3a_ch%E1%BA%A5t" title="Hóa chất – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hóa chất" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ollus" title="Ollus – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ollus" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_stoffe" title="Chemische stoffe – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Chemische stoffe" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8" title="化学物质 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="化学物质" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A5" title="כעמישע סובסטאנץ – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כעמישע סובסטאנץ" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohun_%C3%A0p%C3%B2p%E1%BB%8D%CC%80%C3%B2g%C3%B9n" title="Ohun àpòpọ̀ògùn – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ohun àpòpọ̀ògùn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" title="化學物質 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="化學物質" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8" title="化学物质 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="化学物质" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q79529#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_substance" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kochendes_wasser02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Kochendes_wasser02.jpg/220px-Kochendes_wasser02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Kochendes_wasser02.jpg/330px-Kochendes_wasser02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Kochendes_wasser02.jpg/440px-Kochendes_wasser02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="674" data-file-height="644" /></a><figcaption>Water and steam are two different forms of the same chemical substance</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>chemical substance</b> is any <a href="/wiki/Material" title="Material">material</a> with a known <a href="/wiki/Chemical_composition" title="Chemical composition">chemical composition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, <a href="/wiki/Water_(molecule)" title="Water (molecule)">water</a> has the same properties and the same <a href="/wiki/Ratio" title="Ratio">ratio</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> to <a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</a> whether it came from a <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">river</a> or was made in a <a href="/wiki/Laboratory" title="Laboratory">laboratory</a>. Typical chemical substances found in the home include water, <a href="/wiki/Salt" title="Salt">salt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bleach" title="Bleach">bleach</a>. Generally, <a href="/wiki/Substance" title="Substance">substances</a> exist as a <a href="/wiki/Solid" title="Solid">solid</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Liquid" title="Liquid">liquid</a>, or a <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a>, and may change between these <i><a href="/wiki/Phase_(matter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phase (matter)">phases of matter</a></i> when there are changes in <a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">temperature</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pressure" title="Pressure">pressure</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemical_substance&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Gallery" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemical_substance&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Gallery"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Silizium_pulver.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gray silicon powder, an element. All the other ones are chemical compounds."><img alt="Gray silicon powder, an element. All the other ones are chemical compounds." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Silizium_pulver.jpg/120px-Silizium_pulver.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Silizium_pulver.jpg/180px-Silizium_pulver.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Silizium_pulver.jpg/240px-Silizium_pulver.jpg 2x" data-file-width="409" data-file-height="379" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gray <a href="/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon">silicon</a> powder, an <a href="/wiki/Element" class="mw-disambig" title="Element">element</a>. All the other ones are <a href="/wiki/Chemical_compound" title="Chemical compound">chemical compounds</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salt_Crystals.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="White sodium chloride"><img alt="White sodium chloride" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Salt_Crystals.JPG/120px-Salt_Crystals.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Salt_Crystals.JPG/180px-Salt_Crystals.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Salt_Crystals.JPG/240px-Salt_Crystals.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">White <a href="/wiki/Sodium_chloride" class="mw-redirect" title="Sodium chloride">sodium chloride</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Manganese(II)_chloride_tetrahydrate.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pink hydrated (with water) manganese (II) chloride"><img alt="Pink hydrated (with water) manganese (II) chloride" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Manganese%28II%29_chloride_tetrahydrate.jpg/120px-Manganese%28II%29_chloride_tetrahydrate.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Manganese%28II%29_chloride_tetrahydrate.jpg/180px-Manganese%28II%29_chloride_tetrahydrate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Manganese%28II%29_chloride_tetrahydrate.jpg/240px-Manganese%28II%29_chloride_tetrahydrate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="447" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pink hydrated (with water) manganese (II) chloride</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Manganese(II)-carbonate-sample.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brown manganese (II) carbonate"><img alt="Brown manganese (II) carbonate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Manganese%28II%29-carbonate-sample.jpg/120px-Manganese%28II%29-carbonate-sample.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Manganese%28II%29-carbonate-sample.jpg/180px-Manganese%28II%29-carbonate-sample.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Manganese%28II%29-carbonate-sample.jpg/240px-Manganese%28II%29-carbonate-sample.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1613" data-file-height="1210" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Brown manganese (II) carbonate</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CopperIIoxide.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Black copper (II) oxide"><img alt="Black copper (II) oxide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/CopperIIoxide.jpg/112px-CopperIIoxide.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/CopperIIoxide.jpg/169px-CopperIIoxide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/CopperIIoxide.jpg/225px-CopperIIoxide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="331" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Black copper (II) oxide</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cobalt(II)-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Red hydrated (with water) cobalt (II) chloride"><img alt="Red hydrated (with water) cobalt (II) chloride" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Cobalt%28II%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg/120px-Cobalt%28II%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Cobalt%28II%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg/180px-Cobalt%28II%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Cobalt%28II%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg/240px-Cobalt%28II%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2146" data-file-height="1474" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Red hydrated (with water) cobalt (II) chloride</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaliumdichromat.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Orange potassium dichromate"><img alt="Orange potassium dichromate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Kaliumdichromat.JPG/120px-Kaliumdichromat.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Kaliumdichromat.JPG/180px-Kaliumdichromat.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Kaliumdichromat.JPG/240px-Kaliumdichromat.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Orange <a href="/wiki/Potassium_dichromate" title="Potassium dichromate">potassium dichromate</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chroman_sodn%C3%BD.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Yellow sodium chromate"><img alt="Yellow sodium chromate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chroman_sodn%C3%BD.JPG/120px-Chroman_sodn%C3%BD.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chroman_sodn%C3%BD.JPG/180px-Chroman_sodn%C3%BD.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chroman_sodn%C3%BD.JPG/240px-Chroman_sodn%C3%BD.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="405" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Yellow <a href="/wiki/Sodium_chromate" title="Sodium chromate">sodium chromate</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Copper(II)_chloride_dihydrate.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Green hydrated (with water) copper (II) chloride"><img alt="Green hydrated (with water) copper (II) chloride" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Copper%28II%29_chloride_dihydrate.jpg/120px-Copper%28II%29_chloride_dihydrate.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Copper%28II%29_chloride_dihydrate.jpg/180px-Copper%28II%29_chloride_dihydrate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Copper%28II%29_chloride_dihydrate.jpg/240px-Copper%28II%29_chloride_dihydrate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="804" data-file-height="424" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Green hydrated (with water) copper (II) chloride</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Copper_sulfate.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Blue hydrated (with water) copper(II) sulfate"><img alt="Blue hydrated (with water) copper(II) sulfate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Copper_sulfate.jpg/117px-Copper_sulfate.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Copper_sulfate.jpg/176px-Copper_sulfate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Copper_sulfate.jpg/234px-Copper_sulfate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="922" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Blue hydrated (with water) copper(II) sulfate</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chromium(III)-chloride-purple-anhydrous.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Purple anhydrous (without water) chromium (III) chloride"><img alt="Purple anhydrous (without water) chromium (III) chloride" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Chromium%28III%29-chloride-purple-anhydrous.jpg/120px-Chromium%28III%29-chloride-purple-anhydrous.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Chromium%28III%29-chloride-purple-anhydrous.jpg/180px-Chromium%28III%29-chloride-purple-anhydrous.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Chromium%28III%29-chloride-purple-anhydrous.jpg/240px-Chromium%28III%29-chloride-purple-anhydrous.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1560" data-file-height="1040" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Purple anhydrous (without water) chromium (III) chloride</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemical_substance&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemical_substance&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671870">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671876">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8662964">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chemical_substances" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chemical substances"><span style="">Chemical substances</span></a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hill, J. 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