CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Amenhotep I - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"57c94e2c-1d11-4a39-9ace-f7699676a457","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Amenhotep_I","wgTitle":"Amenhotep I","wgCurRevisionId":1254533622,"wgRevisionId":1254533622,"wgArticleId":545982,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the WikiHiero extension","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from December 2017","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Good articles","CS1: long volume value","CS1 German-language sources (de)","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Year of birth unknown","Amenhotep I","1500s BC deaths","16th-century BC pharaohs","Ancient Egyptian mummies", "Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt","Ancient child monarchs","Egyptian Museum","Children of Ahmose I"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Amenhotep_I","wgRelevantArticleId":545982,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q157966","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.wikihiero":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"}; RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikihiero%2CwikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg/1200px-Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg/800px-Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg/640px-Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="960"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Amenhotep I - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Amenhotep_I rootpage-Amenhotep_I skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Amenhotep+I" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Amenhotep+I" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Amenhotep+I" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Amenhotep+I" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dates_and_length_of_reign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dates_and_length_of_reign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dates and length of reign</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dates_and_length_of_reign-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dates and length of reign subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dates_and_length_of_reign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-New_Kingdom_high_and_low_chronology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Kingdom_high_and_low_chronology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>New Kingdom high and low chronology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Kingdom_high_and_low_chronology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reign_length" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reign_length"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Reign length</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reign_length-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Foreign policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_and_intellectual_developments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_and_intellectual_developments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cultural and intellectual developments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_and_intellectual_developments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Building_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Building_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Building projects</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Building_projects-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Building projects subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Building_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mortuary_complex" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mortuary_complex"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Mortuary complex</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mortuary_complex-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tomb_and_burial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tomb_and_burial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tomb and burial</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tomb_and_burial-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Tomb and burial subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tomb_and_burial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mummy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mummy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Mummy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mummy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CT_scan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CT_scan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>CT scan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CT_scan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Succession_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Succession_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Succession and legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Succession_and_legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Succession and legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Succession_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Funerary_cult" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funerary_cult"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Funerary cult</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funerary_cult-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Print_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Print_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Print sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Print_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Amenhotep I</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%98%E1%8A%95%E1%88%86%E1%89%B0%E1%8D%95" title="1 አመንሆተፕ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1 አመንሆተፕ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84" title="أمنحتب الأول – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أمنحتب الأول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Amenhotep" title="I Amenhotep – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="I Amenhotep" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BF_I" title="Аменхатэп I – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аменхатэп I" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF_I" title="Аменхотеп I – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аменхотеп I" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenofis_I" title="Amenofis I – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Amenofis I" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF_I" title="Аменхотеп I – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аменхотеп I" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I." title="Amenhotep I. – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Amenhotep I." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenophis_I." title="Amenophis I. – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Amenophis I." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%91%27" title="Αμένοφις Α' – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αμένοφις Α'" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenofis_I" title="Amenofis I – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Amenofis I" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_la_1-a" title="Amenhotep la 1-a – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Amenhotep la 1-a" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenofis_I.a" title="Amenofis I.a – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amenofis I.a" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%BE_%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%85" title="آمنهوتپ یکم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمنهوتپ یکم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_Ier" title="Amenhotep Ier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Amenhotep Ier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81man%C3%B3tap_I" title="Ámanótap I – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ámanótap I" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%B0%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BA_I" title="Ամենհոտեպ I – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամենհոտեպ I" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I." title="Amenhotep I. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Amenhotep I." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenofi_I" title="Amenofi I – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Amenofi I" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%A4_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9F" title="אמנחותפ הראשון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמנחותפ הראשון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9E_I" title="ამენჰოტეპ I – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამენჰოტეპ I" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenchotepas_I" title="Amenchotepas I – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Amenchotepas I" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._Amenhotep" title="I. Amenhotep – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="I. Amenhotep" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB" title="ഓമൻഹോട്ടപ്പ് ഒന്നാമൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓമൻഹോട്ടപ്പ് ഒന്നാമൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="امنحتب الاول – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="امنحتب الاول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9B%E3%83%86%E3%83%971%E4%B8%96" title="アメンホテプ1世 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメンホテプ1世" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amen%C3%B3fis_I" title="Amenófis I – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Amenófis I" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF_I" title="Аменхотеп I – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аменхотеп I" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A_I" title="අමෙන්හොටෙප් I – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අමෙන්හොටෙප් I" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I." title="Amenhotep I. – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Amenhotep I." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I." title="Amenhotep I. – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Amenhotep I." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF_I" title="Аменхотеп I – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аменхотеп I" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D" title="முதலாம் அமென்கோதேப் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதலாம் அமென்கோதேப்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_1" title="ฟาโรห์แอเมนโฮเทปที่ 1 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟาโรห์แอเมนโฮเทปที่ 1" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._Amenhotep" title="I. Amenhotep – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="I. Amenhotep" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF_I" title="Аменхотеп I – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аменхотеп I" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%BE_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="آمون حوتپ اول – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آمون حوتپ اول" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Amenhotep I" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenhotep_1k" title="Amenhotep 1k – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Amenhotep 1k" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%87%E8%8D%B7%E5%A1%94%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="阿文荷塔一世 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿文荷塔一世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%92%99%E9%9C%8D%E7%89%B9%E6%99%AE%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="阿蒙霍特普一世 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿蒙霍特普一世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q157966#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Amenhotep_I" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Amenhotep_I" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Amenhotep_I" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&oldid=1254533622" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Amenhotep_I&id=1254533622&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAmenhotep_I"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAmenhotep_I"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Amenhotep_I&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Amenhotep_I" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q157966" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Second Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#decd87;font-size:125%;">Amenhotep I</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader nickname">Amenophis I, Amenôthes I<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaspero19108_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaspero19108-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I,_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cult statue of Amenhotep I now in the Museo Egizio in Turin, Italy"><img alt="Cult statue of Amenhotep I now in the Museo Egizio in Turin, Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg/220px-Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg/330px-Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg/440px-Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="6048" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cult statue of Amenhotep I now in the <a href="/wiki/Museo_Egizio" title="Museo Egizio">Museo Egizio</a> in <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>, Italy</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#decd87; line-height:normal; padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_chronology" title="Egyptian chronology">Reign</a></th><td class="infobox-data">20 regnal years<br />1545-1526 BC (high chr.)<br />1525-1506 BC (low chr.)<br />20 years, 7 months (<a href="/wiki/Manetho" title="Manetho">Manetho</a><sup id="cite_ref-manetho_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manetho-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsible-leftside-toggle mw-collapsed" style="width:100%;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; background:#decd87; line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; display:block;margin-bottom:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Royal titulary</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-bottom:2px solid #decd87;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Horus_name" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Horus name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Ka waf tau<br /><i>KꜢ wꜤf tꜢw</i><br />Bull who has subdued the lands<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:4px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G5.png?bcb90" height="38" title="G5" alt="G5" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="48px" width="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="46" style="padding:0 5px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_E1.png?4dcff" height="30" title="E1" alt="E1" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G43.png?6eb40" height="38" title="G43" alt="G43" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_D36.png?9d512" height="12" title="D36" alt="D36" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_I9.png?fe540" height="12" title="I9" alt="I9" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N16.png?63a52" height="9" title="N16" alt="N16" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N16.png?63a52" height="9" title="N16" alt="N16" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N16.png?63a52" height="9" title="N16" alt="N16" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/50px-Srxtail2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/75px-Srxtail2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/100px-Srxtail2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Nebty_("two_ladies")_name" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Nebty name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Aa neru<br /><i>ꜤꜢ-nrw</i><br />He who inspires great fear<br />Great of dread<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:4px 10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:6px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G16.png?dbf15" height="38" title="G16" alt="G16" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_O29.png?3e0b0" height="7" title="O29" alt="O29" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N35.png?fcc27" height="5" title="N35 [n]" alt="n" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_D21.png?9bfb9" height="11" title="D21 [r]" alt="r" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_H4.png?fadbf" height="19" title="H4" alt="H4" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G43.png?6eb40" height="38" title="G43" alt="G43" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Horus_of_Gold" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Golden Horus</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Wah renput<br /><i>WꜢḥ-rnpwt</i><br />Enduring of years<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:4px 10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:6px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G8.png?a8843" height="38" title="G8" alt="G8" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_V29.png?be6af" height="38" title="V29" alt="V29" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M4.png?2dc98" height="38" title="M4" alt="M4" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M4.png?2dc98" height="38" title="M4" alt="M4" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M4.png?2dc98" height="38" title="M4" alt="M4" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Throne_name_(praenomen)" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Prenomen  (Praenomen)</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Djeser ka re<br /><i>Ḏsr-kꜢ-RꜤ</i><br />Holy is the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_concept_of_the_soul#Ka_.28vital_spark.29" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Egyptian concept of the soul">soul</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClayton1994100_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClayton1994100-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="{{{align}}}" style="padding:5px;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M23.png?e2674" height="38" title="M23" alt="M23" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_L2.png?ff0ae" height="38" title="L2" alt="L2" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:5px;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/17px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/26px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/34px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N5.png?08eb7" height="18" title="N5" alt="N5" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_D45.png?b9137" height="24" title="D45" alt="D45" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_D28.png?cf7bf" height="24" title="D28" alt="D28" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/21px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/32px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/42px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Nomen</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Imen hetepu<br /><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/jmn-%E1%B8%A5tp" class="extiw" title="wikt:jmn-ḥtp">Imn ḥtp(w)</a></i><br /><a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a> is satisfied (Amenhotep)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="{{{align}}}" style="padding:5px;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G39.png?eb053" height="38" title="G39" alt="G39" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N5.png?08eb7" height="18" title="N5" alt="N5" /><br /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:5px;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/17px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/26px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/34px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M17.png?2e70b" height="38" title="M17 [i]" alt="i" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Y5.png?381eb" height="13" title="Y5 [mn]" alt="mn" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N35.png?fcc27" height="5" title="N35 [n]" alt="n" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_R4.png?60956" height="15" title="R4" alt="R4" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="11" title="X1 [t]" alt="t" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Q3.png?42130" height="15" title="Q3 [p]" alt="p" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/21px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/32px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/42px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Meritamun" title="Ahmose-Meritamun">Ahmose-Meritamun</a>, Sitkamose?</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Amenemhat (died young), possibly <a href="/wiki/Ahmose_(queen)" title="Ahmose (queen)">Ahmose</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Nefertari" title="Ahmose-Nefertari">Ahmose-Nefertari</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1506 or 1504 BC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data">Mummy found in <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Bahri" class="mw-redirect" title="Deir el-Bahri">Deir el-Bahri</a> cache, but was likely originally buried in <a href="/wiki/Dra%27_Abu_el-Naga%27" title="Dra' Abu el-Naga'">Dra' Abu el-Naga'</a> (possibly <a href="/wiki/Tomb_ANB" title="Tomb ANB">Tomb ANB</a>) or <a href="/wiki/KV39" title="KV39">KV39</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Dynasty</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">18th Dynasty</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Amenhotep I</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span></span>/</a></span></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-Collins_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Collins-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>Amenophis I</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-Collins2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Collins2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> Ἀμένωφις),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the second <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">18th Dynasty</a> of <a href="/wiki/History_of_Ancient_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ancient Egypt">Egypt</a>. His reign is <a href="#Dates_and_length_of_reign">generally dated from 1526 to 1506 BC</a> (Low Chronology). </p><p>He was a son of <a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Nefertari" title="Ahmose-Nefertari">Ahmose-Nefertari</a> but had an elder brother, <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-ankh" title="Ahmose-ankh">Ahmose-ankh</a>, and was not expected to <a href="/wiki/Enthronement" title="Enthronement">inherit the throne</a>. However, sometime in the eight years between Ahmose I's 17th <a href="/wiki/Regnal_year" title="Regnal year">regnal year</a> and his death, his <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a> died and Amenhotep became <a href="/wiki/Crown_prince" title="Crown prince">crown prince</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then acceded to the throne and ruled for about 21 years.<sup id="cite_ref-manetho_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manetho-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although his reign is poorly documented, it is possible to piece together a basic history from available evidence. He inherited the kingdom formed by his father's military conquests and maintained dominance over <a href="/wiki/Nubia" title="Nubia">Nubia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nile_Delta" title="Nile Delta">Nile Delta</a> but probably did not attempt to maintain Egyptian power in the <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>. He continued the rebuilding of <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_temple" title="Egyptian temple">temples</a> in <a href="/wiki/Upper_Egypt" title="Upper Egypt">Upper Egypt</a> and revolutionized mortuary complex design by separating his tomb from his <a href="/wiki/Mortuary_temple" title="Mortuary temple">mortuary temple</a>, setting a trend in <a href="/wiki/Funerary_art#Ancient_Egypt_and_Nubia" title="Funerary art">royal funerary monuments</a> which would persist throughout the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a>. After his death, he was <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">deified</a> as a patron god of <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Medina" title="Deir el-Medina">Deir el-Medina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Osiride_statue_of_Amenhotep_I,_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Osiride_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg/220px-Osiride_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Osiride_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg/330px-Osiride_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Osiride_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg/440px-Osiride_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_currently_housed_in_the_British_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a><figcaption>Osiride statue of Amenhotep I, now in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree</a></div> <p>Amenhotep I was the son of <a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Nefertari" title="Ahmose-Nefertari">Ahmose-Nefertari</a>. His elder brother, the crown prince <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-ankh" title="Ahmose-ankh">Ahmose-ankh</a>, died before him, thus clearing the way for his ascension to the throne.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep probably came to power while he was still young himself, and his mother, Ahmose-Nefertari, appears to have been regent for him for at least a short time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The evidence for this regency is that both he and his mother are credited with founding a settlement for workers in the <a href="/wiki/Theban_Necropolis" title="Theban Necropolis">Theban Necropolis</a> at <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Medina" title="Deir el-Medina">Deir el-Medina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep took his older sister, <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Meritamon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmose-Meritamon">Ahmose-Meritamon</a>, as his <a href="/wiki/Great_Royal_Wife" title="Great Royal Wife">Great Royal Wife</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004127_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004127-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another wife's name, Sitkamose, is attested on a nineteenth dynasty <a href="/wiki/Stele" title="Stele">stele</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beyond this, the relationships between Amenhotep I and other possible family members are unclear. <a href="/wiki/Ahhotep_II" title="Ahhotep II">Ahhotep II</a> is usually called his wife and sister,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> despite an alternative theory that she was his grandmother.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is thought to have had one son by Ahhotep II, Amenemhat, who died while still very young.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This remains the consensus, although there are arguments against that relationship as well.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With no living heirs, Amenhotep was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a>, who he married to his "sister", <a href="/wiki/Ahmose_(queen)" title="Ahmose (queen)">Ahmose</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since Ahmose is never given the title "King's Daughter" in any inscription, some scholars doubt whether she was a sibling of Amenhotep I.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dates_and_length_of_reign">Dates and length of reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Dates and length of reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Representation_of_the_deified_Amenhotep_I._From_Tomb_TT359_at_Deir_el-Medina,_Egypt._Neues_Museum,_Berlin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Representation_of_the_deified_Amenhotep_I._From_Tomb_TT359_at_Deir_el-Medina%2C_Egypt._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg/220px-Representation_of_the_deified_Amenhotep_I._From_Tomb_TT359_at_Deir_el-Medina%2C_Egypt._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Representation_of_the_deified_Amenhotep_I._From_Tomb_TT359_at_Deir_el-Medina%2C_Egypt._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg/330px-Representation_of_the_deified_Amenhotep_I._From_Tomb_TT359_at_Deir_el-Medina%2C_Egypt._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Representation_of_the_deified_Amenhotep_I._From_Tomb_TT359_at_Deir_el-Medina%2C_Egypt._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg/440px-Representation_of_the_deified_Amenhotep_I._From_Tomb_TT359_at_Deir_el-Medina%2C_Egypt._Neues_Museum%2C_Berlin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a><figcaption>Representation of Amenhotep I from Tomb TT359 at <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Medina" title="Deir el-Medina">Deir el-Medina</a>, Egypt. <a href="/wiki/Neues_Museum" title="Neues Museum">Neues Museum</a>, Berlin</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Kingdom_high_and_low_chronology">New Kingdom high and low chronology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: New Kingdom high and low chronology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Year 9 of Amenhotep, a <a href="/wiki/Sothic_cycle" title="Sothic cycle">heliacal rise of Sothis</a> was observed on the ninth day of the third month of summer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern astronomers have calculated that, if the observation was made from <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Egypt" title="Memphis, Egypt">Memphis</a> or <a href="/wiki/Heliopolis_(Ancient_Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)">Heliopolis</a>, the observation was made on that day in 1537 BC (NK High Chronology). If the observation was made in <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Egypt" title="Thebes, Egypt">Thebes</a>, then the event occurred in 1517 BC (NK Low Chronology).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHelckOttoDrenkhahn1975969_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHelckOttoDrenkhahn1975969-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consequently, the Heliacal rise of Sothis suggests the accession of Amenhotep I was either in 1546 (1545 Year 1) or 1526 BC (1525 Year 1). Because Thebes was the capital during the early 18th Dynasty, Egyptologists traditionally set the accession date in 1526 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reign_length">Reign length</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Reign length"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Manetho" title="Manetho">Manetho</a>'s Epitome states that Amenhotep I ruled Egypt for twenty years and seven months or twenty-one years, depending on the <a href="/wiki/Manetho#Transmission_of_Manetho" title="Manetho">source</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Amenhotep I's highest attested regnal year is only his Year 10, Manetho's statement is confirmed by a passage in the tomb autobiography of a magician named Amenemhet. This explicitly states that he served under Amenhotep I for 21 years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966144_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford1966144-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, in the high chronology, Amenhotep I is given a reign from around 1546 to 1526 BC and, in the low chronology, from around 1526 to 1506 BC or 1525 to 1504 BC,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckerath1997189_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckerath1997189-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though individual scholars may ascribe dates to his reign that vary from these by a few years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Foreign policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_of_Amenhotep_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Relief_of_Amenhotep_I.jpg/170px-Relief_of_Amenhotep_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Relief_of_Amenhotep_I.jpg/255px-Relief_of_Amenhotep_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Relief_of_Amenhotep_I.jpg/340px-Relief_of_Amenhotep_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1450" data-file-height="2065" /></a><figcaption>Relief of Amenhotep I from <a href="/wiki/Karnak" title="Karnak">Karnak</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Amenhotep I's <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Horus and Two Ladies names</a>, "Bull who conquers the lands" and "He who inspires great terror," are generally interpreted to mean that Amenhotep I intended to dominate the surrounding nations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two tomb texts indicate that he led campaigns into Nubia. According to the tomb texts of <a href="/wiki/Ahmose,_son_of_Ebana" title="Ahmose, son of Ebana">Ahmose, son of Ebana</a>, Amenhotep later sought to expand Egypt's border southward into Nubia and he led an invasion force which defeated the Nubian army.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190617–18_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190617–18-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tomb biography of <a href="/wiki/Ahmose_Pen-Nekhebet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmose Pen-Nekhebet">Ahmose Pen-Nekhebet</a> says he also fought in a campaign in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kush" title="Kingdom of Kush">Kush</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190618_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190618-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however it is quite possible that it refers to the same campaign as Ahmose, son of Ebana.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep built a temple at <a href="/wiki/Sa%C3%AF_(island)" title="Saï (island)">Saï</a>, showing that he had established Egyptian settlements almost as far as the <a href="/wiki/Cataracts_of_the_Nile" title="Cataracts of the Nile">Third Cataract</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Head_from_a_Statue_of_King_Amenhotep_I_MET_DP115769.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Head_from_a_Statue_of_King_Amenhotep_I_MET_DP115769.jpg/179px-Head_from_a_Statue_of_King_Amenhotep_I_MET_DP115769.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Head_from_a_Statue_of_King_Amenhotep_I_MET_DP115769.jpg/270px-Head_from_a_Statue_of_King_Amenhotep_I_MET_DP115769.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Head_from_a_Statue_of_King_Amenhotep_I_MET_DP115769.jpg/359px-Head_from_a_Statue_of_King_Amenhotep_I_MET_DP115769.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2705" data-file-height="3811" /></a><figcaption>Head from a statue of Amenhotep I, now at the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, New York</figcaption></figure> <p>A single reference in the tomb of Ahmose Pen-Nekhebet indicates another campaign in Iamu in the land of <a href="/wiki/Kehek" title="Kehek">Kehek</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965310_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames1965310-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unfortunately, the location of Kehek is unknown. It was long believed that Kehek was a reference to the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Libya" title="History of Libya">Libyan</a> tribe, Qeheq, and thus it was postulated that invaders from <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> took advantage of the death of Ahmose to move into the western Nile Delta.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteindorffSeele194233_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteindorffSeele194233-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unfortunately for this theory, the Qeheq people only appeared in later times, and Kehek's identity remains unknown. Nubia is a possibility, since Amenhotep did campaign there, and the western desert and the oases have also been suggested, since these seem to have fallen under Egyptian control once again.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965310_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames1965310-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Egypt had lost the western desert and the oases during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">Second Intermediate Period</a>, and during the revolt against the <a href="/wiki/Hyksos" title="Hyksos">Hyksos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamose" title="Kamose">Kamose</a> thought it necessary to garrison them.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965311_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames1965311-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is uncertain when they were fully retaken, but on one stele, the title "<a href="/wiki/Haty-a" title="Haty-a">Prince-Governor</a> of the oases" was used,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which means that Amenhotep's reign forms the <i><a href="/wiki/Terminus_post_quem" title="Terminus post quem">terminus ante quem</a></i> for the return of Egyptian rule.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965311_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames1965311-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are no recorded campaigns in Syro-Palestine during Amenhotep I's reign. However, according to the <a href="/wiki/Tombos_Stela" title="Tombos Stela">Tombos Stela</a> of his successor, Thutmose I, when Thutmose led a campaign into Asia all the way to the <a href="/wiki/Euphrates" title="Euphrates">Euphrates</a>, he found no one who fought against him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190630_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190630-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If Thutmose did not lead a campaign which has not been recorded into Asia before this recorded one, it would mean that the preceding pharaoh would have had to pacify Syria instead,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190628_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190628-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which would indicate a possible Asiatic campaign of Amenhotep I. Two references to the Levant potentially written during his reign might be contemporary witnesses to such a campaign. One of the candidates for Amenhotep's tomb contains a reference to Qedmi, which is somewhere in <a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Transjordan_(region)" title="Transjordan (region)">Transjordan</a>, and Amenemhet's tomb contains a hostile reference to <a href="/wiki/Mitanni" title="Mitanni">Mitanni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965309_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames1965309-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, neither of these references necessarily refer to campaigning, nor do they even necessarily date to Amenhotep's reign. The location of Amenhotep's tomb is not certain, and Amenemhet lived to serve under multiple kings who are known to have attacked Mitanni.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965309_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames1965309-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Records from Amenhotep's reign are simply altogether too scant and too vague to reach a conclusion about any Syrian campaign. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_and_intellectual_developments">Cultural and intellectual developments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cultural and intellectual developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amenhotep_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Amenhotep_I.jpg/220px-Amenhotep_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Amenhotep_I.jpg/330px-Amenhotep_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Amenhotep_I.jpg/440px-Amenhotep_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3041" data-file-height="2005" /></a><figcaption>Modern drawing of a doorway from <a href="/wiki/TT359" title="TT359">TT359</a> showing Amenhotep I with his mother, <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Nefertari" title="Ahmose-Nefertari">Ahmose-Nefertari</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Large numbers of statues of Amenhotep have been found, but they are mostly from the <a href="/wiki/Ramesside_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramesside period">Ramesside period</a> and relate to his continuing funerary cult,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> made for his posthumous funerary cult.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This makes study of the art of his reign difficult.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based upon his few authentic statues, it appears that Amenhotep continued the practice of copying Middle Kingdom styles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFreed2001133_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFreed2001133-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Art in the early 18th dynasty was particularly similar to that of the early Middle Kingdom,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAldred1980147_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAldred1980147-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the statues produced by Amenhotep I clearly copied those of <a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_II" title="Mentuhotep II">Mentuhotep II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAshtonSpanel200158_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAshtonSpanel200158-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two types are so similar that modern <a href="/wiki/Egyptology" title="Egyptology">Egyptologists</a> have had trouble telling the two apart.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFreed2001133_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFreed2001133-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was probably Amenhotep I who founded the artisans village at <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Medina" title="Deir el-Medina">Deir el-Medina</a>, whose inhabitants were responsible for much of the art which filled the tombs in the Theban Necropolis for the following generations of New Kingdom rulers and nobles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest name found there is that of <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a>, however Amenhotep was clearly an important figure to the city's workmen since he and his mother were both its patron deities.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryan2000224_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryan2000224-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amenhotep's reign saw literary developments. The <a href="/wiki/Amduat" title="Amduat">Book of What is in the Underworld</a> ('the Egyptian Book of the Dead'), an important funerary text used in the New Kingdom, is believed to have reached its final form during Amenhotep's reign, since it first appears in the decoration of the tomb of his successor Thutmose I.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Ebers_papyrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebers papyrus">Ebers papyrus</a>, which is the main source for information on <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_medicine" title="Ancient Egyptian medicine">ancient Egyptian medicine</a>, also seems to date to this time (the mention of the Heliacal rise of Sothis by which the early New Kingdom chronology is usually calculated was found on the back of this document).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It appears that during Amenhotep I's reign the first <a href="/wiki/Water_clock" title="Water clock">water clock</a> was invented.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHelck1975111–112_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHelck1975111–112-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep's court astronomer Amenemheb took credit for creating this device in his tomb biography, although the oldest surviving mechanism dates to the reign of <a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWest197363_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWest197363-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This invention was of great benefit for timekeeping, because the Egyptian hour was not a fixed amount of time, but was measured as 1/12 of the night.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWest197363_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWest197363-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the nights were shorter in the summer, these waterclocks could be adjusted to measure the shorter hours accurately.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWest197363_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWest197363-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Building_projects">Building projects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Building projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alabaster_chapel_of_Amenhotep_I_(Karnak).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Alabaster_chapel_of_Amenhotep_I_%28Karnak%29.jpg/220px-Alabaster_chapel_of_Amenhotep_I_%28Karnak%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Alabaster_chapel_of_Amenhotep_I_%28Karnak%29.jpg/330px-Alabaster_chapel_of_Amenhotep_I_%28Karnak%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Alabaster_chapel_of_Amenhotep_I_%28Karnak%29.jpg/440px-Alabaster_chapel_of_Amenhotep_I_%28Karnak%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Amenhotep I's reconstructed alabaster chapel at Karnak</figcaption></figure> <p>Amenhotep began or continued a number of building projects at temple sites in Upper Egypt but most of the structures he built were later dismantled or obliterated by his successors. From written sources it is known that he commissioned the architect <a href="/wiki/Ineni" title="Ineni">Ineni</a> to expand the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Karnak" class="mw-redirect" title="Temple of Karnak">Temple of Karnak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190619_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190619-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ineni's tomb biography indicates that he created a 20-<a href="/wiki/Cubit#Ancient_Egyptian_royal_cubit" title="Cubit">cubit</a> gate of <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> on the south side of Karnak.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190620_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190620-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He constructed a sacred barque chapel of Amun out of <a href="/wiki/Alabaster" title="Alabaster">alabaster</a> and a copy of the <a href="/wiki/White_Chapel" title="White Chapel">White Chapel</a> of <a href="/wiki/Senusret_III" title="Senusret III">Senusret III</a>. Sculpted material from these structures has been recovered from the fill of Amenhotep III's third <a href="/wiki/Pylon_(architecture)" title="Pylon (architecture)">pylon</a> allowing some of these structures to be rebuilt at Karnak.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep also built structures at Karnak for his <a href="/wiki/Sed_festival" title="Sed festival">Sed festival</a>, a festival by which a pharaoh's strength and vigour was renewed after reigning 30 years, but it seems likely that he died before he could use them.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWente1975271_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWente1975271-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A temple was constructed in Nubia at <a href="/wiki/Sa%C3%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="Saï">Saï</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he built temple structures in Upper Egypt at <a href="/wiki/Elephantine" title="Elephantine">Elephantine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kom_Ombo" title="Kom Ombo">Kom Ombo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abydos,_Egypt" title="Abydos, Egypt">Abydos</a>, and the Temple of Nekhbet. As far as is known Amenhotep did not build anything of significance in Lower Egypt, like his father.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mortuary_complex">Mortuary complex</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Mortuary complex"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Amenhotep I was the first king of Egypt to separate his mortuary temple from his tomb, probably in an attempt to keep his tomb safe from robbers. This temple was sited at the north end of <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Bahri" class="mw-redirect" title="Deir el-Bahri">Deir el-Bahri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryan2000226_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryan2000226-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deir el-Bahri appears to have had some sort of funerary significance for Amenhotep, since Theban Tomb 358, the tomb of his queen <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Meritamon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmose-Meritamon">Ahmose-Meritamon</a>, was also found nearby.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson199042_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson199042-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep's mortuary temple was largely demolished to make way for the lower terrace of the mortuary temple constructed approximately 50 years later by Queen <a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson199043_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson199043-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and only a few bricks inscribed with Amenhotep's name remain.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryan2000226_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryan2000226-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The royal statues inside of the temple were moved to the nearby funerary temple of <a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_II" title="Mentuhotep II">Mentuhotep II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson199042_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson199042-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tomb_and_burial">Tomb and burial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tomb and burial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original location of Amenhotep's tomb has not been securely identified. A report on the security of royal tombs in the Theban Necropolis commissioned during the troubled reign of <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_IX" title="Ramesses IX">Ramesses IX</a> noted that it was then intact, but its location was not specified.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two sites for Amenhotep I's tomb have been proposed, one high up in the <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Kings" title="Valley of the Kings">Valley of the Kings</a>, <a href="/wiki/KV39" title="KV39">KV39</a> and the other at <a href="/wiki/Dra%27_Abu_el-Naga%27" title="Dra' Abu el-Naga'">Dra' Abu el-Naga'</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tomb_ANB" title="Tomb ANB">Tomb ANB</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Excavations at KV 39 suggest it was used or reused to store the <a href="/wiki/DB320" class="mw-redirect" title="DB320">Deir el-Bahri Cache</a>, which included the king's well-preserved mummy, before its final reburial.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAston201535_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAston201535-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Tomb ANB is considered the more likely possibility,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> because it contains objects bearing his name and the names of some family members.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw2003181_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw2003181-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mummy">Mummy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Mummy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amenhotep_I_Cartonnage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Amenhotep_I_Cartonnage.jpg/200px-Amenhotep_I_Cartonnage.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Amenhotep_I_Cartonnage.jpg/300px-Amenhotep_I_Cartonnage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Amenhotep_I_Cartonnage.jpg/400px-Amenhotep_I_Cartonnage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="677" data-file-height="341" /></a><figcaption>The mummy of Amenhotep I</figcaption></figure> <p>Sometime during the 20th or 21st Dynasty, Amenhotep's original tomb was either robbed or deemed insecure and emptied and his body was moved for safety, probably more than once. It was found in the <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Bahri" class="mw-redirect" title="Deir el-Bahri">Deir el-Bahri</a> Cache, hidden with the mummies of numerous New Kingdom kings and nobles in or after the late 22nd dynasty above the <a href="/wiki/Mortuary_temple" title="Mortuary temple">Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was kept in the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Museum" title="Egyptian Museum">Egyptian Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cairo,_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairo, Egypt">Cairo</a>. His mummy had apparently not been looted by the 21st dynasty, and the priests who moved the mummy took care to keep the <a href="/wiki/Cartonnage" title="Cartonnage">cartonnage</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_mask" title="Death mask">facial deah mask</a> intact. Amenhotep's is the only royal mummy which has not been unwrapped and examined by modern Egyptologists.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His body was x-rayed in 1932; his age at death was estimated at 40–50 years. He was x-rayed again in 1967, resulting in a much lower age estimate of 25 years at death based on the good condition of his teeth. </p><p>In April 2021 his mummy was moved to <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Egyptian_Civilization" title="National Museum of Egyptian Civilization">National Museum of Egyptian Civilization</a> along with those of 17 other kings and 4 queens in an event termed the <a href="/wiki/Pharaohs%27_Golden_Parade" title="Pharaohs' Golden Parade">Pharaohs' Golden Parade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Parisse_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parisse-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fmed-08-778498-g003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Fmed-08-778498-g003.jpg/220px-Fmed-08-778498-g003.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Fmed-08-778498-g003.jpg/330px-Fmed-08-778498-g003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Fmed-08-778498-g003.jpg/440px-Fmed-08-778498-g003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1084" data-file-height="586" /></a><figcaption>Three-dimensional CT image of the face and left profile of Amenhotep I</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="CT_scan">CT scan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: CT scan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The X-ray examinations of the mummy of King Amenhotep I failed to provide consistent data or detailed information on the mummy. In the plain x-ray examination, the three-dimensional (3D) information of the mummy is projected onto a two-dimensional X-ray film. The result is the superimposition of objects and bones which makes mummy characterization less satisfactory.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaleemHawass2021_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaleemHawass2021-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast, <a href="/wiki/CT_scan" title="CT scan">CT</a> is an advanced form of X-ray that obtains hundreds of thin sections (slices) of the body and provides more detailed reconstructed images of soft tissues as well as bones. On 4 May 2019, his mummy was investigated using non-invasive CT scanning to gain insights into his physical appearance, health, cause of death, and mummification style. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional images of the mask, bandages, and mummy were generated using this technique. This study estimates his age at death as 35 years, based on the fusion of his <a href="/wiki/Epiphyses" class="mw-redirect" title="Epiphyses">epiphyses</a> and condition of the pubic symphysis. His organs were removed through a vertical embalming incision and the body cavity stuffed with linen; the heart is present in the chest cavity. No attempt was made to remove the brain. No packing was inserted into the orbits and no subcutaneous padding is seen anywhere on the body. Each nostril was plugged with rolls of resin-treated linen. Amulets and items of jewelry are present inside the wrappings; a beaded girdle, likely of gold, is present at across the back of his hips. The body had suffered post-mortem damage at the hands of robbers, with his head, left arm, right hand, and right foot being detached; there is also a large hole in the front of his torso. Efforts were made to restore the body during his rewrapping and caching. His head and limbs were reattached, and his foot was supported by a board.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaleemHawass2021_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaleemHawass2021-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Succession_and_legacy">Succession and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Succession and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AmenhotepI-StatueHead_MuseumOfFineArtsBoston.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/AmenhotepI-StatueHead_MuseumOfFineArtsBoston.png/169px-AmenhotepI-StatueHead_MuseumOfFineArtsBoston.png" decoding="async" width="169" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/AmenhotepI-StatueHead_MuseumOfFineArtsBoston.png/254px-AmenhotepI-StatueHead_MuseumOfFineArtsBoston.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/AmenhotepI-StatueHead_MuseumOfFineArtsBoston.png/338px-AmenhotepI-StatueHead_MuseumOfFineArtsBoston.png 2x" data-file-width="1203" data-file-height="1606" /></a><figcaption>Head from a statue of Amenhotep I, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Amenhotep I is thought to have had only one child, a son who died in infancy, although some sources indicate he had no children.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004127_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004127-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep I was succeeded by Thutmose I, apparently a senior military figure. It is unclear if there was any blood relationship between the two, although it has been suggested that Thutmose I was a son of Amenhotep I's probable uncle <a href="/wiki/Ahmose_Sapair" title="Ahmose Sapair">Ahmose Sipairi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004129_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004129-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep may have appointed Thutmose I as <a href="/wiki/Coregency" title="Coregency">coregent</a> before his own death as Thutmose I's name appears next to Amenhotep's on a divine barque found by archeologists in the fill of the third pylon at Karnak.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, most scholars consider that this is only evidence of Thutmose associating himself with his royal predecessor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One text has also been interpreted to mean that Amenhotep appointed his infant son as coregent, who then predeceased him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWente1975271_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWente1975271-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the scholarly consensus is that there is too little evidence for either coregency. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Funerary_cult">Funerary cult</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Funerary cult"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amenhotep_I_in_Ram_XI.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/50/Amenhotep_I_in_Ram_XI.jpg/170px-Amenhotep_I_in_Ram_XI.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/50/Amenhotep_I_in_Ram_XI.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="234" data-file-height="389" /></a><figcaption>An image of Amenhotep I from his funerary cult</figcaption></figure> <p>Amenhotep was deified upon his death and made the patron deity of the village which he opened at <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Madinah" class="mw-redirect" title="Deir el-Madinah">Deir el-Medina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother, who lived at least one year longer than he did, was also deified upon her death and became part of his litany.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992201_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992201-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As previously mentioned, the vast majority of Amenhotep's statuary comes in the form of a funerary idol from this cult during later periods. When being worshiped, he had three deific manifestations: "Amenhotep of the Town," "Amenhotep Beloved of Amun," and "Amenhotep of the Forecourt," and was known as a god who produced <a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">oracles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the questions asked of him have been preserved on <a href="/wiki/Ostracon" title="Ostracon">ostraca</a> from Deir el-Medina, and appear to have been phrased in such a way that the idol of the king could nod (or be caused to nod) the answer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKruchten2001610_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKruchten2001610-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also had a number of feasts dedicated to him which were held throughout the year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the first month, a festival was celebrated in honor of the appearance of Amenhotep to the necropolis workmen, which probably means his idol was taken to Deir el-Medina.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford1966115-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another feast was held on the thirtieth of the fourth month, and then two more were held in the seventh month.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford1966115-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first was the "spreading of the funeral couch for king Amenhotep," which probably commemorated the day of his death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford1966115-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second, celebrated for four days at the very end of the month, was the "great festival of king Amenhotep lord of the town." Later in Egyptian history, the seventh month, "<a href="/wiki/Paremhat" title="Paremhat">Phamenoth</a>", was named after this festival.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford1966115-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another festival was held on the 27th of the ninth month, and the last known festival was held for several days between at least the eleventh and thirteenth days of the eleventh month, which in all probability commemorated the date of Amenhotep's accession to the throne.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford1966115-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Further light is shed upon Amenhotep's funerary cult by multiple documents which appear to detail the rituals dedicated to Amenhotep.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949a204_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENelson1949a204-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three <a href="/wiki/Papyrus" title="Papyrus">papyri</a> from the time of <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_II" title="Ramesses II">Ramesses II</a> record the liturgy used by the priests, and reliefs at Karnak and Medinet Habu illustrate select rites and spells.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949a204_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENelson1949a204-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bulk of the rituals concern preparing for and conducting the daily offerings of <a href="/wiki/Libation#Ancient_Egypt" title="Libation">libations</a> for the idol, including a recitation of a <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_offering_formula" title="Ancient Egyptian offering formula">ḥtp-dỉ-nsw formula</a>, and purifying and sealing the shrine at the end of the day.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949a230_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENelson1949a230-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remainder of the rites concern how to conduct various feasts throughout the year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949a232_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENelson1949a232-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In these cases, Amenhotep's idol or a priest representing him is actually officiating the worship of Amun instead of being worshipped himself, which was not a typical cultic practice in ancient Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949b344_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENelson1949b344-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pharaohs" title="List of pharaohs">List of pharaohs</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaspero19108-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaspero19108_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMaspero1910">Maspero 1910</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-manetho-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-manetho_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-manetho_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Manetho - translated by W.G. Waddell, Loeb Classical Library, 1940, p.109</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201396_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeprohon2013">Leprohon 2013</a>, p. 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClayton1994100-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClayton1994100_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClayton1994">Clayton 1994</a>, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Collins-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Collins_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/amenhotep-iii?showCookiePolicy=true">"Amenhotep III or Amenhotpe III"</a>. Collins Dictionary. n.d<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amenhotep+III+or+Amenhotpe+III&rft.pub=Collins+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Famenhotep-iii%3FshowCookiePolicy%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Collins2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Collins2_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/amenophis-iii?showCookiePolicy=true">"Amenophis III"</a>. Collins Dictionary. n.d<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amenophis+III&rft.pub=Collins+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Famenophis-iii%3FshowCookiePolicy%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004126_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodsonHilton2004">Dodson & Hilton 2004</a>, p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/text/enc113226.html">"Amenhotep I"</a>. British Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-05-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amenhotep+I&rft.pub=British+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk%2Fcompass%2Ftext%2Fenc113226.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShawNicholson199528_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShawNicholson1995">Shaw & Nicholson 1995</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004127-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004127_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004127_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodsonHilton2004">Dodson & Hilton 2004</a>, p. 127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBleiberg200171_11-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBleiberg2001">Bleiberg 2001</a>, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992190_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrimal1992">Grimal 1992</a>, p. 190.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992202_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrimal1992">Grimal 1992</a>, p. 202.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHelckOttoDrenkhahn1975969-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHelckOttoDrenkhahn1975969_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHelckOttoDrenkhahn1975">Helck, Otto & Drenkhahn 1975</a>, p. 969.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fingerson, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phouka.com/pharaoh/egypt/history/KLManetho.html">Manetho's King List.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford1966144-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966144_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRedford1966">Redford 1966</a>, p. 144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckerath1997189-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckerath1997189_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBeckerath1997">Beckerath 1997</a>, p. 189.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190617–18-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190617–18_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBreasted1906">Breasted 1906</a>, pp. 17–18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190618-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190618_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBreasted1906">Breasted 1906</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames1965310-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965310_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965310_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames1965">James 1965</a>, p. 310.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESteindorffSeele194233-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteindorffSeele194233_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSteindorffSeele1942">Steindorff & Seele 1942</a>, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames1965311-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965311_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965311_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames1965">James 1965</a>, p. 311.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992203_23-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrimal1992">Grimal 1992</a>, p. 203.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190630-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190630_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBreasted1906">Breasted 1906</a>, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190628-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190628_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBreasted1906">Breasted 1906</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames1965309-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965309_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames1965309_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames1965">James 1965</a>, p. 309.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFreed2001133-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFreed2001133_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFreed2001133_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFreed2001">Freed 2001</a>, p. 133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAldred1980147-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAldred1980147_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAldred1980">Aldred 1980</a>, p. 147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAshtonSpanel200158-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAshtonSpanel200158_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAshtonSpanel2001">Ashton & Spanel 2001</a>, p. 58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryan2000224-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryan2000224_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBryan2000">Bryan 2000</a>, p. 224.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992206_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrimal1992">Grimal 1992</a>, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHelck1975111–112-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHelck1975111–112_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHelck1975">Helck 1975</a>, pp. 111–112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWest197363-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWest197363_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWest197363_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWest197363_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWest1973">West 1973</a>, p. 63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190619-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190619_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBreasted1906">Breasted 1906</a>, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreasted190620-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBreasted190620_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBreasted1906">Breasted 1906</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWente1975271-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWente1975271_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWente1975271_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWente1975">Wente 1975</a>, p. 271.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryan2000226-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryan2000226_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryan2000226_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBryan2000">Bryan 2000</a>, p. 226.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson199042-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson199042_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson199042_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodson1990">Dodson 1990</a>, p. 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodson199043-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodson199043_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodson1990">Dodson 1990</a>, p. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAston201535-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAston201535_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAston2015">Aston 2015</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw2003181-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw2003181_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShaw2003">Shaw 2003</a>, p. 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Parisse-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Parisse_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParisse2021" class="citation news cs1">Parisse, Emmanuel (5 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencealert.com/22-ancient-pharaohs-have-been-carried-across-cairo-in-an-epic-golden-parade">"22 Ancient Pharaohs Have Been Carried Across Cairo in an Epic 'Golden Parade'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>ScienceAlert</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ScienceAlert&rft.atitle=22+Ancient+Pharaohs+Have+Been+Carried+Across+Cairo+in+an+Epic+%27Golden+Parade%27&rft.date=2021-04-05&rft.aulast=Parisse&rft.aufirst=Emmanuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencealert.com%2F22-ancient-pharaohs-have-been-carried-across-cairo-in-an-epic-golden-parade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaleemHawass2021-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaleemHawass2021_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaleemHawass2021_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaleemHawass2021">Saleem & Hawass 2021</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004129-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004129_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodsonHilton2004">Dodson & Hilton 2004</a>, p. 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992201-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992201_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrimal1992">Grimal 1992</a>, p. 201.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKruchten2001610-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKruchten2001610_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKruchten2001">Kruchten 2001</a>, p. 610.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford1966115-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford1966115_47-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRedford1966">Redford 1966</a>, p. 115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENelson1949a204-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949a204_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949a204_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNelson1949a">Nelson 1949a</a>, p. 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENelson1949a230-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949a230_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNelson1949a">Nelson 1949a</a>, p. 230.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENelson1949a232-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949a232_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNelson1949a">Nelson 1949a</a>, p. 232.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENelson1949b344-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENelson1949b344_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNelson1949b">Nelson 1949b</a>, p. 344.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Print_sources">Print sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Print sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAldred1980" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Aldred" title="Cyril Aldred">Aldred, Cyril</a> (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/CyrilAldredEgyptianArtInTheDaysOfThePharaohs3100320B.C.ThamesAndHudsonLtd1980/page/n147/mode/2up"><i>Egyptian Art In The Days Of The Pharaohs, 3100-320 B.C.</i></a> (1986 ed.). London: Thames and Hudson<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Egyptian+Art+In+The+Days+Of+The+Pharaohs%2C+3100-320+B.C.&rft.place=London&rft.edition=1986&rft.pub=Thames+and+Hudson&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Aldred&rft.aufirst=Cyril&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FCyrilAldredEgyptianArtInTheDaysOfThePharaohs3100320B.C.ThamesAndHudsonLtd1980%2Fpage%2Fn147%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshtonSpanel2001" class="citation book cs1">Ashton, Sally; Spanel, Donald B. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordencyclopediaofancientegyptvolume3/page/n61/mode/2up">"Portraiture"</a>. In Redford, Donald B. (ed.). <i>Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt</i>. Vol. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 55–59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-513823-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-513823-6"><bdi>0-19-513823-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Portraiture&rft.btitle=Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=55-59&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-19-513823-6&rft.aulast=Ashton&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft.au=Spanel%2C+Donald+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordencyclopediaofancientegyptvolume3%2Fpage%2Fn61%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAston2015" class="citation journal cs1">Aston, David A (2015). Szafrański, Z. E. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/pam/PAM_XXIV_2/PAM_24_2_Aston.pdf">"TT358, TT320 and KV39. Three Early Eighteenth Dynasty Queen's Tombs in the Vicinity of Deir el-Bahari"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean: Special Studies: Deir El-Bahari Studies</i>. <b>24</b> (2): 15–42<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polish+Archaeology+in+the+Mediterranean%3A+Special+Studies%3A+Deir+El-Bahari+Studies&rft.atitle=TT358%2C+TT320+and+KV39.+Three+Early+Eighteenth+Dynasty+Queen%27s+Tombs+in+the+Vicinity+of+Deir+el-Bahari&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=15-42&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Aston&rft.aufirst=David+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpcma.uw.edu.pl%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fpam%2FPAM_XXIV_2%2FPAM_24_2_Aston.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckerath1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_von_Beckerath" title="Jürgen von Beckerath">Beckerath, Jürgen von</a> (1997). <i>Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten</i>. Verlag Philipp von Zabern. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-80532-310-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-80532-310-9"><bdi>978-3-80532-310-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chronologie+des+Pharaonischen+%C3%84gypten&rft.pub=Verlag+Philipp+von+Zabern&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-3-80532-310-9&rft.aulast=Beckerath&rft.aufirst=J%C3%BCrgen+von&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBleiberg2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bleiberg" title="Edward Bleiberg">Bleiberg, Edward</a> (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordencycloped0000unse_t6r2/page/71/mode/1up">"Amenhotpe I"</a></span>. In Redford, Donald B. (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt</i>. Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-513821-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-513821-X"><bdi>0-19-513821-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Amenhotpe+I&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-19-513821-X&rft.aulast=Bleiberg&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordencycloped0000unse_t6r2%2Fpage%2F71%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorchardt1920" class="citation book cs1">Borchardt, Ludwig (1920). <i>Die Altägyptische Zeitmessung (Die Geschichte der Zeitmessung und der Uhren)</i>. Vol. I. Berlin and Leipzig: W. de Gruyter & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Alt%C3%A4gyptische+Zeitmessung+%28Die+Geschichte+der+Zeitmessung+und+der+Uhren%29&rft.place=Berlin+and+Leipzig&rft.pub=W.+de+Gruyter+%26+Co.&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Borchardt&rft.aufirst=Ludwig&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreasted1906" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/James_Henry_Breasted" title="James Henry Breasted">Breasted, James Henry</a> (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ancient-records-of-egypt-vol-2_202012/mode/1up"><i>Ancient Records of Egypt</i></a>. Vol. II: The Eighteenth Dynasty. Chicago: University of Chicago Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Records+of+Egypt&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Breasted&rft.aufirst=James+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fancient-records-of-egypt-vol-2_202012%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryan2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Betsy_Bryan" title="Betsy Bryan">Bryan, Betsy M.</a> (2000). "The 18th Dynasty Before the Amarna Period". In Shaw, Ian (ed.). <i>The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 218–271.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+18th+Dynasty+Before+the+Amarna+Period&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=218-271&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Bryan&rft.aufirst=Betsy+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClayton1994" class="citation book cs1">Clayton, Peter A. (1994). <i>Chronicle of the Pharaohs</i> (2006 ed.). London: Thames and Hudson Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-05074-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-500-05074-0"><bdi>0-500-05074-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chronicle+of+the+Pharaohs&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2006&rft.pub=Thames+and+Hudson+Ltd&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-500-05074-0&rft.aulast=Clayton&rft.aufirst=Peter+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDodson1990" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aidan_Dodson" title="Aidan Dodson">Dodson, Aidan</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/8204743">"Amenhotep I and Deir el-Bahri"</a>. <i>Journal of the Ancient Chronology Forum</i>. <b>3</b>: 42–44<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Ancient+Chronology+Forum&rft.atitle=Amenhotep+I+and+Deir+el-Bahri&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=42-44&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Dodson&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F8204743&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDodsonHilton2004" class="citation book cs1">Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2004). <i>The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt</i> (2010 paperback ed.). London: Thames and Hudson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-28857-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-28857-3"><bdi>978-0-500-28857-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Royal+Families+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2010+paperback&rft.pub=Thames+and+Hudson&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-500-28857-3&rft.aulast=Dodson&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft.au=Hilton%2C+Dyan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreed2001" class="citation book cs1">Freed, Rita E (2001). "Art". In Redford, Donald B. (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt</i>. Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 127–136.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Art&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=127-136&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Freed&rft.aufirst=Rita+E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrimal1992" class="citation book cs1">Grimal, Nicolas (1992) [1988]. <i>A History of Ancient Egypt</i>. Translated by Shaw, Ian. Oxford: Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-631-19396-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-631-19396-0"><bdi>0-631-19396-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-631-19396-0&rft.aulast=Grimal&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarrisWente1980" class="citation book cs1">Harris, James E.; Wente, Edward F., eds. (1980). <i>An X-ray Atlas of the Royal Mummies</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 207–208. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0226317455" title="Special:BookSources/0226317455"><bdi>0226317455</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+X-ray+Atlas+of+the+Royal+Mummies&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=207-208&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0226317455&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelck1975" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Helck, Wolfgang (1975). <i>Historisch-biographische Texte der 2. Zwischenzeit und neue Texte der 18. Dynastie</i> (in German). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historisch-biographische+Texte+der+2.+Zwischenzeit+und+neue+Texte+der+18.+Dynastie&rft.place=Wiesbaden&rft.pub=Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=1975&rft.aulast=Helck&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelckOttoDrenkhahn1975" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Helck, Wolfgang; Otto, Eberhard; Drenkhahn, Rosmarie, eds. (1975). <i>Lexikon der Ägyptologie</i> (in German). Vol. I. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lexikon+der+%C3%84gyptologie&rft.place=Wiesbaden&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz&rft.date=1975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames1965" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/T._G._H._James" title="T. G. H. James">James, T. G. H.</a> (1965). "Egypt: From the Expulsion of the Hyksos to Amenophis I". In <a href="/wiki/I._E._S._Edwards" title="I. E. S. Edwards">Edwards, I. E. S.</a>; Gadd, C. J.; Hammond, N. G. L.; Solberger, E. (eds.). <i>The Cambridge Ancient History</i>. Vol. 2, part 1: The Middle East and the Aegean Region, c.1800-1380 BC. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Egypt%3A+From+the+Expulsion+of+the+Hyksos+to+Amenophis+I&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Ancient+History&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=T.+G.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKruchten2001" class="citation book cs1">Kruchten, Jean Marie (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordencyclopediaofancientegyptvolume2/page/n623/mode/2up">"Oracles"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Donald_B._Redford" title="Donald B. Redford">Redford, Donald B.</a> (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt</i>. Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 609–612.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Oracles&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=609-612&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Kruchten&rft.aufirst=Jean+Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordencyclopediaofancientegyptvolume2%2Fpage%2Fn623%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeprohon2013" class="citation book cs1">Leprohon, Ronald J. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/LEPROHON2013TheGreatNameAncientEgyptianRoyalTitulary/page/n115/mode/2up"><i>The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary</i></a>. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-736-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-736-2"><bdi>978-1-58983-736-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Name%3A+Ancient+Egyptian+Royal+Titulary&rft.place=Atlanta&rft.pub=Society+of+Biblical+Literature&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-58983-736-2&rft.aulast=Leprohon&rft.aufirst=Ronald+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FLEPROHON2013TheGreatNameAncientEgyptianRoyalTitulary%2Fpage%2Fn115%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLilyquist1981" class="citation book cs1">Lilyquist, Christine (1981). "Egyptian Art". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/met-publications/notable-acquisitions-1980-81"><i>Notable Acquisitions 1980-81</i></a>. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 9–10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Egyptian+Art&rft.btitle=Notable+Acquisitions+1980-81&rft.pages=9-10&rft.pub=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Lilyquist&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fmet-publications%2Fnotable-acquisitions-1980-81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaspero1910" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gaston_Maspero" title="Gaston Maspero">Maspero, Gaston</a> (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/egyptancientsites00masp/page/8/mode/2up"><i>Egypt: Ancient Sites and Modern Scenes</i></a>. Translated by Lee, Elizabeth. London; Leipsic: T. Fisher Unwin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Egypt%3A+Ancient+Sites+and+Modern+Scenes&rft.place=London%3B+Leipsic&rft.pub=T.+Fisher+Unwin&rft.date=1910&rft.aulast=Maspero&rft.aufirst=Gaston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fegyptancientsites00masp%2Fpage%2F8%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson1949a" class="citation journal cs1">Nelson, Harold H. (1949a). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/542841">"Certain Reliefs at Karnak and Medinet Habu and the Ritual of Amenophis I"</a></span>. <i>Journal of Near Eastern Studies</i>. <b>8</b> (3): 201–232. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F370930">10.1086/370930</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2968">0022-2968</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/542841">542841</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Near+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=Certain+Reliefs+at+Karnak+and+Medinet+Habu+and+the+Ritual+of+Amenophis+I&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=201-232&rft.date=1949&rft.issn=0022-2968&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F542841%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F370930&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Harold+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F542841&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson1949b" class="citation journal cs1">Nelson, Harold H. (1949b). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/542898">"Certain Reliefs at Karnak and Medinet Habu and the Ritual of Amenophis I-(Concluded)"</a></span>. <i>Journal of Near Eastern Studies</i>. <b>8</b> (4): 310–345. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F370936">10.1086/370936</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2968">0022-2968</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/542898">542898</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Near+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=Certain+Reliefs+at+Karnak+and+Medinet+Habu+and+the+Ritual+of+Amenophis+I-%28Concluded%29&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=310-345&rft.date=1949&rft.issn=0022-2968&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F542898%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F370936&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Harold+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F542898&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedford1966" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_B._Redford" title="Donald B. Redford">Redford, Donald B.</a> (1966). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/543971">"On the Chronology of the Egyptian Eighteenth Dynasty"</a></span>. <i>Journal of Near Eastern Studies</i>. <b>25</b> (2): 113–124. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F371857">10.1086/371857</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2968">0022-2968</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/543971">543971</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Near+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=On+the+Chronology+of+the+Egyptian+Eighteenth+Dynasty&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=113-124&rft.date=1966&rft.issn=0022-2968&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F543971%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F371857&rft.aulast=Redford&rft.aufirst=Donald+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F543971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaleemHawass2021" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sahar_Saleem" title="Sahar Saleem">Saleem, Sahar N.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Zahi_Hawass" title="Zahi Hawass">Hawass, Zahi</a> (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8748262">"Digital Unwrapping of the Mummy of King Amenhotep I (1525–1504 BC) Using CT"</a>. <i>Frontiers in Medicine</i>. <b>8</b>: 2292. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffmed.2021.778498">10.3389/fmed.2021.778498</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2296-858X">2296-858X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8748262">8748262</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35028305">35028305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=Digital+Unwrapping+of+the+Mummy+of+King+Amenhotep+I+%281525%E2%80%931504+BC%29+Using+CT&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=2292&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8748262%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=2296-858X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F35028305&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3389%2Ffmed.2021.778498&rft.aulast=Saleem&rft.aufirst=Sahar+N.&rft.au=Hawass%2C+Zahi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8748262&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaw2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Shaw_(Egyptologist)" title="Ian Shaw (Egyptologist)">Shaw, Ian</a> (2003). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/exploringancient0000shaw/page/181/mode/1up"><i>Exploring Ancient Egypt</i></a></span>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-511678-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-511678-6"><bdi>978-0-19-511678-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exploring+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-19-511678-6&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fexploringancient0000shaw%2Fpage%2F181%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShawNicholson1995" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, Ian; Nicholson, Paul (1995). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofanci0000shaw/page/28/mode/1up"><i>The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt</i></a></span>. London: The British Museum Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8109-3225-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8109-3225-8"><bdi>978-0-8109-3225-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dictionary+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=London&rft.pub=The+British+Museum+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-8109-3225-8&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.au=Nicholson%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryofanci0000shaw%2Fpage%2F28%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteindorffSeele1942" class="citation book cs1">Steindorff, George; Seele, Keith (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283999/page/n45/mode/2up"><i>When Egypt Ruled the East</i></a>. Chicago: University of Chicago<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=When+Egypt+Ruled+the+East&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago&rft.date=1942&rft.aulast=Steindorff&rft.aufirst=George&rft.au=Seele%2C+Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.283999%2Fpage%2Fn45%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWente1975" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_F._Wente" title="Edward F. Wente">Wente, Edward F.</a> (1975). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/544149">"Thutmose III's Accession and the Beginning of the New Kingdom"</a></span>. <i>Journal of Near Eastern Studies</i>. <b>34</b> (4): 265–272. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F372429">10.1086/372429</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2968">0022-2968</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/544149">544149</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Near+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=Thutmose+III%27s+Accession+and+the+Beginning+of+the+New+Kingdom&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=265-272&rft.date=1975&rft.issn=0022-2968&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F544149%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F372429&rft.aulast=Wente&rft.aufirst=Edward+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F544149&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWest1973" class="citation journal cs1">West, Stephanie (1973). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/638127">"Cultural Interchange over a Water-Clock"</a></span>. <i>The Classical Quarterly</i>. <b>23</b> (1): 61–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0009838800036508">10.1017/S0009838800036508</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0009-8388">0009-8388</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/638127">638127</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Classical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Cultural+Interchange+over+a+Water-Clock&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=61-64&rft.date=1973&rft.issn=0009-8388&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F638127%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0009838800036508&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F638127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Amenhotep_I" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Amenhotep I">Amenhotep I</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120826023252/http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/article_index/a/amenhotep_i,_king_of_egypt.aspx">Amenhotep I - The British Museum</a> Accessed June 10, 2010</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrews" class="citation web cs1">Andrews, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/kv39.htm">"KV 39, The Tomb of Amenhotep I?"</a>. InterCity Oz, Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070608115942/http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/kv39.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-06-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=KV+39%2C+The+Tomb+of+Amenhotep+I%3F&rft.pub=InterCity+Oz%2C+Inc&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.touregypt.net%2Ffeaturestories%2Fkv39.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenhotep+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Fingerson, R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phouka.com/pharaoh/egypt/history/KLManetho.html">Manetho's King List</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/82622/rec/1">Hatshepsut: from Queen to Pharaoh</a>, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Amenhotep I (see index)</li> <li>Routledge, B. (10 September 2007) - <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallery.nen.gov.uk/asset73039-.html">Statue of Amenhotep I circa 1510 BC Thebes</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nen.gov.uk/about">National Education Network</a>, Accessed February 14, 2017</li> <li>Peacock, L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deirelmedinaegypt.wixsite.com/home/temple-of-amenhotep-i">- Amenhotep I temple at Deir el-Medina</a> Accessed January 6, 2021</li> <li>Saleem, Sahar N., Hawass Zahi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.778498/full">Digital Unwrapping of the Mummy of King Amenhotep I (1525–1504 BC) Using CT, 28 Dec. 2021</a>; see also BBC'c article on this unwrapping: "Egyptian pharaoh's mummy digitally unwrapped for first time"<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-59808883">[1]</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pharaohs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pharaohs" title="Template:Pharaohs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pharaohs" title="Template talk:Pharaohs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pharaohs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pharaohs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pharaohs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaohs</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Protodynastic_to_First_Intermediate_Period_(" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Naqada_III" title="Naqada III">Protodynastic</a> to <a href="/wiki/First_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="First Intermediate Period of Egypt">First Intermediate Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"> (<3150–2040 BC)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaohs <ul><li>male</li> <li>female<sup>♀</sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Naqada_III" title="Naqada III">Protodynastic</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(pre-3150 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Lower_Egypt" title="Lower Egypt">Lower</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hedju_Hor" title="Hedju Hor">Hedju Hor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ny-Hor" title="Ny-Hor">Ny-Hor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ni-Neith" title="Ni-Neith">Ni-Neith</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hat-Hor" class="mw-redirect" title="Hat-Hor">Hat-Hor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pu_(pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pu (pharaoh)">Pu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hsekiu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hsekiu">Hsekiu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khayu" class="mw-redirect" title="Khayu">Khayu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiu_(pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiu (pharaoh)">Tiu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Thesh">Thesh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neheb" class="mw-redirect" title="Neheb">Neheb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wazner" class="mw-redirect" title="Wazner">Wazner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mekh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mekh">Mekh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Falcon" title="Double Falcon">Double Falcon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wash_(pharaoh)" title="Wash (pharaoh)">Wash</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Upper_Egypt" title="Upper Egypt">Upper</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_(pharaoh)" title="A (pharaoh)">A</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Finger_Snail" title="Finger Snail">Finger Snail</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fish_(pharaoh)" title="Fish (pharaoh)">Fish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elephant_(pharaoh)" title="Elephant (pharaoh)">Elephant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stork_(pharaoh)" title="Stork (pharaoh)">Stork</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bull_(pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bull (pharaoh)">Bull</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scorpion_I" title="Scorpion I">Scorpion I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_(pharaoh)" title="Crocodile (pharaoh)">Crocodile</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iry-Hor" title="Iry-Hor">Iry-Hor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka_(pharaoh)" title="Ka (pharaoh)">Ka</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scorpion_II" title="Scorpion II">Scorpion II</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer">Narmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menes" title="Menes">Menes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Early_Dynastic_Period_(Egypt)" title="Early Dynastic Period (Egypt)">Early Dynastic</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(3150–2686 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/First_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="First Dynasty of Egypt">I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer">Narmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menes" title="Menes">Menes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hor-Aha" title="Hor-Aha">Hor-Aha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djer" title="Djer">Djer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djet" title="Djet">Djet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_(pharaoh)" title="Den (pharaoh)">Den</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anedjib" title="Anedjib">Anedjib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semerkhet" title="Semerkhet">Semerkhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qa%27a" title="Qa'a">Qa'a</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sneferka" title="Sneferka">Sneferka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Horus_Bird_(Pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Horus Bird (Pharaoh)">Horus Bird</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Second_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Second Dynasty of Egypt">II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hotepsekhemwy" title="Hotepsekhemwy">Hotepsekhemwy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebra_(Pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebra (Pharaoh)">Nebra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nynetjer" title="Nynetjer">Nynetjer</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ba_(pharaoh)" title="Ba (pharaoh)">Ba</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nubnefer" title="Nubnefer">Nubnefer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Horus_Sa" title="Horus Sa">Horus Sa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weneg_(pharaoh)" title="Weneg (pharaoh)">Weneg-Nebty</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wadjenes" title="Wadjenes">Wadjenes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Senedj" title="Senedj">Senedj</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth-Peribsen" title="Seth-Peribsen">Seth-Peribsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemib-Perenmaat" title="Sekhemib-Perenmaat">Sekhemib-Perenmaat</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neferkara_I" title="Neferkara I">Neferkara I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neferkasokar" title="Neferkasokar">Neferkasokar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hudjefa_I" title="Hudjefa I">Hudjefa I</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khasekhemwy" title="Khasekhemwy">Khasekhemwy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Old_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Old Kingdom of Egypt">Old Kingdom</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(2686–2181 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Third_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Third Dynasty of Egypt">III</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Djoser" title="Djoser">Djoser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemkhet" title="Sekhemkhet">Sekhemkhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanakht" title="Sanakht">Sanakht</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nebka" title="Nebka">Nebka</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaba" title="Khaba">Khaba</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sedjes" title="Sedjes">Sedjes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qahedjet" title="Qahedjet">Qahedjet</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huni" title="Huni">Huni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fourth Dynasty of Egypt">IV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sneferu" title="Sneferu">Snefru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu">Khufu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedefre" title="Djedefre">Djedefre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khafre" title="Khafre">Khafre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bikheris" title="Bikheris">Bikheris</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkaure" title="Menkaure">Menkaure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepseskaf" title="Shepseskaf">Shepseskaf</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thamphthis" title="Thamphthis">Thamphthis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifth Dynasty of Egypt">V</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Userkaf" title="Userkaf">Userkaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahure" title="Sahure">Sahure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferirkare_Kakai" title="Neferirkare Kakai">Neferirkare Kakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferefre" title="Neferefre">Neferefre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepseskare" title="Shepseskare">Shepseskare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyuserre_Ini" title="Nyuserre Ini">Nyuserre Ini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkauhor_Kaiu" title="Menkauhor Kaiu">Menkauhor Kaiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkare_Isesi" title="Djedkare Isesi">Djedkare Isesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unas" title="Unas">Unas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Sixth Dynasty of Egypt">VI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teti" title="Teti">Teti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Userkare" title="Userkare">Userkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepi_I_Meryre" title="Pepi I Meryre">Pepi I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenre_Nemtyemsaf_I" title="Merenre Nemtyemsaf I">Merenre Nemtyemsaf I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepi_II_Neferkare" title="Pepi II Neferkare">Pepi II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenre_Nemtyemsaf_II" title="Merenre Nemtyemsaf II">Merenre Nemtyemsaf II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netjerkare_Siptah" title="Netjerkare Siptah">Netjerkare Siptah</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neferka" title="Neferka">Neferka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nefer#Pharaoh" title="Nefer">Nefer</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/First_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="First Intermediate Period of Egypt">1<sup>st</sup> Intermediate</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(2181–2040 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventh Dynasty of Egypt">VII</a>/<a href="/wiki/Eighth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighth Dynasty of Egypt">VIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menkare" title="Menkare">Menkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_II" title="Neferkare II">Neferkare II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Neby" title="Neferkare Neby">Neferkare III Neby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkare_Shemai" title="Djedkare Shemai">Djedkare Shemai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Khendu" title="Neferkare Khendu">Neferkare IV Khendu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenhor" title="Merenhor">Merenhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkamin" title="Neferkamin">Neferkamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikare" title="Nikare">Nikare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Tereru" title="Neferkare Tereru">Neferkare V Tereru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkahor" title="Neferkahor">Neferkahor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Pepiseneb" title="Neferkare Pepiseneb">Neferkare VI Pepiseneb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkamin_Anu" title="Neferkamin Anu">Neferkamin Anu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qakare_Ibi" title="Qakare Ibi">Qakare Iby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkaure" title="Neferkaure">Neferkaure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkauhor" title="Neferkauhor">Neferkauhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferirkare" title="Neferirkare">Neferirkare</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wadjkare" title="Wadjkare">Wadjkare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khuiqer" title="Khuiqer">Khuiqer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khui" title="Khui">Khui</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iytjenu" title="Iytjenu">Iytjenu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Ninth Dynasty of Egypt">IX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meryibre_Khety" title="Meryibre Khety">Meryibre Khety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare,_ninth_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Neferkare, ninth dynasty">Neferkare VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebkaure_Khety" title="Nebkaure Khety">Nebkaure Khety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setut" title="Setut">Setut</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imhotep_(pharaoh)" title="Imhotep (pharaoh)">Imhotep</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Tenth Dynasty of Egypt">X</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meryhathor" title="Meryhathor">Meryhathor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_VIII" title="Neferkare VIII">Neferkare VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahkare_Khety" title="Wahkare Khety">Wahkare Khety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merikare" title="Merikare">Merykare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Middle_Kingdom_and_Second_Intermediate_Period_(2040–1550_BC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">Second Intermediate Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"> (2040–1550 BC)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaohs <ul><li>male</li> <li>female<sup>♀</sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(2040–1802 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt">XI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_I" title="Mentuhotep I">Mentuhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intef_I" title="Intef I">Intef I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intef_II" title="Intef II">Intef II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intef_III" title="Intef III">Intef III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_II" title="Mentuhotep II">Mentuhotep II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_III" title="Mentuhotep III">Mentuhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_IV" title="Mentuhotep IV">Mentuhotep IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em">Nubia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Segerseni" title="Segerseni">Segerseni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qakare_Ini" title="Qakare Ini">Qakare Ini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyibkhentre" title="Iyibkhentre">Iyibkhentre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt">XII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I">Amenemhat I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_II" title="Amenemhat II">Amenemhat II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusret_II" title="Senusret II">Senusret II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusret_III" title="Senusret III">Senusret III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_III" title="Amenemhat III">Amenemhat III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_IV" title="Amenemhat IV">Amenemhat IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekneferu" title="Sobekneferu">Sobekneferu</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seankhibtawy_Seankhibra" title="Seankhibtawy Seankhibra">Seankhibtawy Seankhibra</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">2<sup>nd</sup> Intermediate</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1802–1550 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre_Khutawy_Sobekhotep" title="Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep">Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonbef" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonbef">Sonbef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerikare" title="Nerikare">Nerikare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemkare" title="Sekhemkare">Sekhemkare Amenemhat V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameny_Qemau" title="Ameny Qemau">Ameny Qemau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotepibre" title="Hotepibre">Hotepibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iufni" title="Iufni">Iufni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhet_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Amenemhet VI">Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semenkare_Nebnuni" title="Semenkare Nebnuni">Semenkare Nebnuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehetepibre" title="Sehetepibre">Sehetepibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjkare" title="Sewadjkare">Sewadjkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedjemibre" title="Nedjemibre">Nedjemibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaankhre_Sobekhotep" title="Khaankhre Sobekhotep">Khaankhre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renseneb" title="Renseneb">Renseneb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hor" title="Hor">Hor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemrekhutawy_Khabaw" title="Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw">Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkheperew" title="Djedkheperew">Djedkheperew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebkay" title="Sebkay">Sebkay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedjefakare" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedjefakare">Sedjefakare</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wegaf" title="Wegaf">Wegaf</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khendjer" title="Khendjer">Khendjer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imyremeshaw" title="Imyremeshaw">Imyremeshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehetepkare_Intef" title="Sehetepkare Intef">Sehetepkare Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Meribre" title="Seth Meribre">Seth Meribre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_III" title="Sobekhotep III">Sobekhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferhotep_I" title="Neferhotep I">Neferhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihathor" title="Sihathor">Sihathor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_IV" title="Sobekhotep IV">Sobekhotep IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merhotepre_Sobekhotep" title="Merhotepre Sobekhotep">Merhotepre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Sobekhotep VI">Khahotepre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahibre_Ibiau" title="Wahibre Ibiau">Wahibre Ibiau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merneferre_Ay" title="Merneferre Ay">Merneferre Ay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merhotepre_Ini" title="Merhotepre Ini">Merhotepre Ini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankhenre_Sewadjtu" title="Sankhenre Sewadjtu">Sankhenre Sewadjtu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersekhemre_Ined" title="Mersekhemre Ined">Mersekhemre Ined</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjkare_Hori" title="Sewadjkare Hori">Sewadjkare Hori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkawre_Sobekhotep" title="Merkawre Sobekhotep">Merkawre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mershepsesre_Ini_II" title="Mershepsesre Ini II">Mershepsesre Ini II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewahenre_Senebmiu" title="Sewahenre Senebmiu">Sewahenre Senebmiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkheperre" title="Merkheperre">Merkheperre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkare" title="Merkare">Merkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjare_Mentuhotep" title="Sewadjare Mentuhotep">Sewadjare Mentuhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seheqenre_Sankhptahi" title="Seheqenre Sankhptahi">Seheqenre Sankhptahi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yakbim_Sekhaenre" title="Yakbim Sekhaenre">Yakbim Sekhaenre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ya%27ammu_Nubwoserre" title="Ya'ammu Nubwoserre">Ya'ammu Nubwoserre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qareh" class="mw-redirect" title="Qareh">Qareh Khawoserre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aahotepre" class="mw-redirect" title="Aahotepre">'Ammu Ahotepre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sheshi" title="Sheshi">Maaibre Sheshi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehesy" title="Nehesy">Nehesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khakherewre" class="mw-redirect" title="Khakherewre">Khakherewre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebefawre" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebefawre">Nebefawre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehebre" title="Sehebre">Sehebre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merdjefare" title="Merdjefare">Merdjefare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjkare_III" title="Sewadjkare III">Sewadjkare III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebdjefare" title="Nebdjefare">Nebdjefare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebsenre" title="Nebsenre">Nebsenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekheperenre" title="Sekheperenre">Sekheperenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebnum" title="Bebnum">Bebnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Apepi" title="'Apepi">'Apepi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nuya" title="Nuya">Nuya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wazad" title="Wazad">Wazad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sheneh_(pharaoh)" title="Sheneh (pharaoh)">Sheneh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shenshek" title="Shenshek">Shenshek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khamure" title="Khamure">Khamure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yakareb" title="Yakareb">Yakareb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yaqub-Har" title="Yaqub-Har">Yaqub-Har</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sharek" title="Sharek">Sharek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Semqen" title="Semqen">Semqen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aperanat" title="Aperanat">'Aper-'Anati</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salitis" title="Salitis">Salitis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakir-Har" title="Sakir-Har">Sakir-Har</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khyan" title="Khyan">Khyan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yanassi" title="Yanassi">Yanassi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apepi" title="Apepi">Apepi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khamudi" title="Khamudi">Khamudi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XVI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Djehuti" class="mw-redirect" title="Djehuti">Djehuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_VIII" title="Sobekhotep VIII">Sobekhotep VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferhotep_III" title="Neferhotep III">Neferhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seankhenre_Mentuhotepi" title="Seankhenre Mentuhotepi">Mentuhotepi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebiryraw_I" title="Nebiryraw I">Nebiryraw I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebiriau_II" title="Nebiriau II">Nebiriau II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semenre" title="Semenre">Semenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebiankh" title="Bebiankh">Bebiankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre_Shedwast" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekhemre Shedwast">Sekhemre Shedwast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedumose_I" title="Dedumose I">Dedumose I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedumose_II" title="Dedumose II">Dedumose II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedankhre_Montemsaf" title="Djedankhre Montemsaf">Montuemsaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merankhre_Mentuhotep" title="Merankhre Mentuhotep">Merankhre Mentuhotep</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Senusret_IV" title="Senusret IV">Senusret IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pepi_III" title="Pepi III">Pepi III</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Abydos_Dynasty" title="Abydos Dynasty">Abydos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Senebkay" title="Senebkay">Senebkay</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wepwawetemsaf" title="Wepwawetemsaf">Wepwawetemsaf</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pantjeny" title="Pantjeny">Pantjeny</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snaaib" title="Snaaib">Snaaib</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Seventeenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt">XVII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rahotep" class="mw-redirect" title="Rahotep">Rahotep</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nebmaatre" title="Nebmaatre">Nebmaatre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekemsaf_I" title="Sobekemsaf I">Sobekemsaf I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekemsaf_II" title="Sobekemsaf II">Sobekemsaf II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre-Wepmaat_Intef" title="Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef">Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nubkheperre_Intef" title="Nubkheperre Intef">Nubkheperre Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat_Intef" title="Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef">Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senakhtenre_Ahmose" title="Senakhtenre Ahmose">Senakhtenre Ahmose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seqenenre_Tao" title="Seqenenre Tao">Seqenenre Tao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamose" title="Kamose">Kamose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="New_Kingdom_and_Third_Intermediate_Period_(1550–664_BC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Third Intermediate Period of Egypt">Third Intermediate Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"> (1550–664 BC)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Pharaohs  <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(male</span></li><li><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">female<sup>♀</sup>)</span></li><li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1550–1070 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XVIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Amenhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_II" title="Thutmose II">Thutmose II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_II" title="Amenhotep II">Amenhotep II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_IV" title="Thutmose IV">Thutmose IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XIX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_I" title="Ramesses I">Ramesses I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seti_I" title="Seti I">Seti I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_II" title="Ramesses II">Ramesses II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merneptah" title="Merneptah">Merneptah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenmesse" title="Amenmesse">Amenmesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seti_II" title="Seti II">Seti II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siptah" title="Siptah">Siptah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twosret" class="mw-redirect" title="Twosret">Twosret</a><sup>♀</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt">XX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Setnakhte" title="Setnakhte">Setnakhte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_III" title="Ramesses III">Ramesses III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_IV" title="Ramesses IV">Ramesses IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_V" title="Ramesses V">Ramesses V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VI" title="Ramesses VI">Ramesses VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VII" title="Ramesses VII">Ramesses VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VIII" title="Ramesses VIII">Ramesses VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_IX" title="Ramesses IX">Ramesses IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_X" title="Ramesses X">Ramesses X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_XI" title="Ramesses XI">Ramesses XI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Third_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Third Intermediate Period of Egypt">3<sup>rd</sup> Intermediate</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(1069–664 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt">XXI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smendes" title="Smendes">Smendes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemnisu" title="Amenemnisu">Amenemnisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psusennes_I" title="Psusennes I">Psusennes I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemope_(pharaoh)" title="Amenemope (pharaoh)">Amenemope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_the_Elder" title="Osorkon the Elder">Osorkon the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siamun" title="Siamun">Siamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psusennes_II" title="Psusennes II">Psusennes II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/High_Priest_of_Amun" title="High Priest of Amun">High Priests of Amun</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herihor" title="Herihor">Herihor</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piankh" title="Piankh">Piankh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinedjem_I" title="Pinedjem I">Pinedjem I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaharta" title="Masaharta">Masaharta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkhonsuefankh" title="Djedkhonsuefankh">Djedkhonsuefankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkheperre" title="Menkheperre">Menkheperre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smendes_II" title="Smendes II">Smendes II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinedjem_II" title="Pinedjem II">Pinedjem II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Psusennes_III" title="Psusennes III">Psusennes III</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt">XXII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_I" title="Shoshenq I">Shoshenq I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_I" title="Osorkon I">Osorkon I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_II" title="Shoshenq II">Shoshenq II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tutkheperre_Shoshenq" title="Tutkheperre Shoshenq">Tutkheperre Shoshenq</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelot_I" title="Takelot I">Takelot I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_II" title="Osorkon II">Osorkon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_III" title="Shoshenq III">Shoshenq III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_IV" title="Shoshenq IV">Shoshenq IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pami" title="Pami">Pami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_V" title="Shoshenq V">Shoshenq V</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pedubast_II" title="Pedubast II">Pedubast II</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_IV" title="Osorkon IV">Osorkon IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-third_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt">XXIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harsiese_A" title="Harsiese A">Harsiese A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelot_II" title="Takelot II">Takelot II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedubast_I" title="Pedubast I">Pedubast I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iuput_I" title="Iuput I">Iuput I</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_VI" title="Shoshenq VI">Shoshenq VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_III" title="Osorkon III">Osorkon III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelot_III" title="Takelot III">Takelot III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudamun" title="Rudamun">Rudamun</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_VII" title="Shoshenq VII">Shoshenq VII</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ini_(pharaoh)" title="Ini (pharaoh)">Menkheperre Ini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt">XXIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tefnakht" title="Tefnakht">Tefnakht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakenranef" title="Bakenranef">Bakenranef</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt">XXV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piye" title="Piye">Piye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shebitku" title="Shebitku">Shebitku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabaka" title="Shabaka">Shabaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taharqa" title="Taharqa">Taharqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantamani" title="Tantamani">Tanutamun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Late_to_Roman_Period_(664_BC–313_AD)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Late_Period_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Late Period of ancient Egypt">Late</a> to <a href="/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt">Roman Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(664 BC–313 AD)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaohs <ul><li>male</li> <li>female<sup>♀</sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Late_Period_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Late Period of ancient Egypt">Late</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(664–332 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt">XXVI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ammeris" title="Ammeris">Ammeris</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tefnakht_II" title="Tefnakht II">Tefnakht II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nekauba" title="Nekauba">Nekauba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necho_I" title="Necho I">Necho I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamtik_I" title="Psamtik I">Psamtik I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necho_II" title="Necho II">Necho II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamtik_II" title="Psamtik II">Psamtik II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apries" title="Apries">Wahibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amasis_II" title="Amasis II">Ahmose II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamtik_III" title="Psamtik III">Psamtik III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt">XXVII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambyses_II" title="Cambyses II">Cambyses II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petubastis_III" title="Petubastis III">Petubastis III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_the_Great" title="Darius the Great">Darius I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Psammetichus_IV" title="Psammetichus IV">Psammetichus IV</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_I" title="Artaxerxes I">Artaxerxes I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_II" title="Darius II">Darius II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-eighth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt">XXVIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amyrtaeus" title="Amyrtaeus">Amyrtaeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-ninth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt">XXIX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nepherites_I" title="Nepherites I">Nepherites I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakor" title="Hakor">Hakor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psammuthes" title="Psammuthes">Psammuthes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepherites_II" title="Nepherites II">Nepherites II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muthis" title="Muthis">Muthis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Thirtieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt">XXX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nectanebo_I" title="Nectanebo I">Nectanebo I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teos_of_Egypt" title="Teos of Egypt">Teos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nectanebo_II" title="Nectanebo II">Nectanebo II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Thirty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt">XXXI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_III" title="Artaxerxes III">Artaxerxes III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabash" title="Khabash">Khabash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arses_of_Persia" title="Arses of Persia">Arses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III">Darius III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(332–30 BC)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Argead_dynasty" title="Argead dynasty">Argead</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Macedon" title="Philip III of Macedon">Philip III Arrhidaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_IV_of_Macedon" title="Alexander IV of Macedon">Alexander IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_dynasty" title="Ptolemaic dynasty">Ptolemaic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_I_Soter" title="Ptolemy I Soter">Ptolemy I Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_II_Philadelphus" title="Ptolemy II Philadelphus">Ptolemy II Philadelphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsinoe_II" title="Arsinoe II">Arsinoe II</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_III_Euergetes" title="Ptolemy III Euergetes">Ptolemy III Euergetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Berenice II">Berenice II Euergetes</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_IV_Philopator" title="Ptolemy IV Philopator">Ptolemy IV Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsinoe_III_Philopator" class="mw-redirect" title="Arsinoe III Philopator">Arsinoe III Philopator</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_V_Epiphanes" title="Ptolemy V Epiphanes">Ptolemy V Epiphanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_I_Syra" title="Cleopatra I Syra">Cleopatra I Syra</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_VI_Philometor" title="Ptolemy VI Philometor">Ptolemy VI Philometor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_II" title="Cleopatra II">Cleopatra II</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_VII_Neos_Philopator" title="Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator">Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_VIII_Physcon" title="Ptolemy VIII Physcon">Ptolemy VIII Euergetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_III" title="Cleopatra III">Cleopatra III</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_IX_Lathyros" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemy IX Lathyros">Ptolemy IX Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_IV" title="Cleopatra IV">Cleopatra IV</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_X_Alexander_I" title="Ptolemy X Alexander I">Ptolemy X Alexander I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_III" title="Berenice III">Berenice III</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XI_Alexander_II" title="Ptolemy XI Alexander II">Ptolemy XI Alexander II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XII_Auletes" title="Ptolemy XII Auletes">Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_V" title="Cleopatra V">Cleopatra V</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_IV_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Berenice IV of Egypt">Berenice IV Epiphaneia</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_VI_Tryphaena" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleopatra VI Tryphaena">Cleopatra VI Tryphaena</a></i><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra" title="Cleopatra">Cleopatra VII Philopator</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XIII_Theos_Philopator" title="Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator">Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsinoe_IV" title="Arsinoe IV">Arsinoe IV</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XIV_Philopator" title="Ptolemy XIV Philopator">Ptolemy XIV Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesarion" title="Caesarion">Ptolemy XV Caesarion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt">Roman</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;">(30 BC–313 AD)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="XXXIV" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Roman_pharaoh" title="Roman pharaoh">XXXIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galba" title="Galba">Galba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otho" title="Otho">Otho</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vitellius" title="Vitellius">Vitellius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus" title="Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerva" title="Nerva">Nerva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Pius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Verus" title="Lucius Verus">Lucius Verus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pertinax" title="Pertinax">Pertinax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pescennius_Niger" title="Pescennius Niger">Pescennius Niger</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geta_(emperor)" title="Geta (emperor)">Geta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrinus" title="Macrinus">Macrinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diadumenian" title="Diadumenian">Diadumenian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Severus_Alexander" title="Severus Alexander">Severus Alexander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Thrax" title="Maximinus Thrax">Maximinus Thrax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gordian_I" title="Gordian I">Gordian I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gordian_II" title="Gordian II">Gordian II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pupienus" title="Pupienus">Pupienus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balbinus" title="Balbinus">Balbinus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Arab" title="Philip the Arab">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decius" title="Decius">Decius</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trebonianus_Gallus" title="Trebonianus Gallus">Trebonianus Gallus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aemilianus" title="Aemilianus">Aemilianus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_(emperor)" title="Valerian (emperor)">Valerian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macrianus_Minor" title="Macrianus Minor">Macrianus Minor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quietus" title="Quietus">Quietus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Mussius_Aemilianus" title="Lucius Mussius Aemilianus">Lucius Mussius Aemilianus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Gothicus" title="Claudius Gothicus">Claudius Gothicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quintillus" title="Quintillus">Quintillus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tacitus_(emperor)" title="Tacitus (emperor)">Tacitus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probus_(emperor)" title="Probus (emperor)">Probus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carus" title="Carus">Carus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carinus" title="Carinus">Carinus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Numerian" title="Numerian">Numerian</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximian" title="Maximian">Maximian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerius" title="Galerius">Galerius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Daza" title="Maximinus Daza">Maximinus Daza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Dynastic_genealogies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Dynastic genealogies</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="First Dynasty of Egypt family tree">1<sup>st</sup></a></li> <li>2<sup>nd</sup></li> <li>3<sup>rd</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Fourth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">4<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt family tree">11<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">12<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">18<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">19<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">20<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st,_22nd_%26_23rd_dynasties_of_Egypt_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="21st, 22nd & 23rd dynasties of Egypt family tree">21<sup>st</sup> to 23<sup>rd</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt#Family_tree" title="Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt">24<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">25<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">26<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_family_tree" title="Achaemenid family tree">27<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirtieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt#Family_tree" title="Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt">30<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_family_tree" title="Achaemenid family tree">31<sup>st</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argead_dynasty#Family_tree" title="Argead dynasty">Argead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaic family tree">Ptolemaic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_pharaohs" title="List of pharaohs">List of pharaohs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157966#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157966#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157966#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/289792189">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/38188166">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/45095914">3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/32594/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjyg7MFyT3gPFy4BHRT3ry">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118648780">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79028837">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070973792">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007432139705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118648780.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118648780">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/149597843">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&oldid=1254533622">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&oldid=1254533622</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Amenhotep_I" title="Category:Amenhotep I">Amenhotep I</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1500s_BC_deaths" title="Category:1500s BC deaths">1500s BC deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_BC_pharaohs" title="Category:16th-century BC pharaohs">16th-century BC pharaohs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Egyptian_mummies" title="Category:Ancient Egyptian mummies">Ancient Egyptian mummies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pharaohs_of_the_Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Category:Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_child_monarchs" title="Category:Ancient child monarchs">Ancient child monarchs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Egyptian_Museum" title="Category:Egyptian Museum">Egyptian Museum</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Children_of_Ahmose_I" title="Category:Children of Ahmose I">Children of Ahmose I</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_WikiHiero_extension" title="Category:Pages using the WikiHiero extension">Pages using the WikiHiero extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_December_2017" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from December 2017">Articles with dead external links from December 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Good_articles" title="Category:Good articles">Good articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_unknown" title="Category:Year of birth unknown">Year of birth unknown</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 31 October 2024, at 13:22<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amenhotep_I&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5cd4cd96d5-ttk54","wgBackendResponseTime":232,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.174","walltime":"1.759","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9952,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":285939,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":22445,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":143046,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1116.688 1 -total"," 23.62% 263.792 95 Template:Sfn"," 19.36% 216.242 2 Template:Infobox"," 14.41% 160.921 1 Template:Infobox_pharaoh"," 14.13% 157.781 1 Template:Reflist"," 13.51% 150.844 1 Template:Pharaohs"," 10.79% 120.541 22 Template:Cite_book"," 9.56% 106.804 4 Template:Cite_web"," 6.87% 76.770 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.87% 76.680 1 Template:Hidden"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.677","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8510368,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAldred1980\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAndrews\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAshtonSpanel2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAston2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeckerath1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBleiberg2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBorchardt1920\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBreasted1906\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBryan2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFClayton1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDodson1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDodsonHilton2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFreed2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrimal1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarrisWente1980\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHelck1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHelckOttoDrenkhahn1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames1965\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKruchten2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLeprohon2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLilyquist1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaspero1910\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNelson1949a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNelson1949b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParisse2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRedford1966\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaleemHawass2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShaw2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShawNicholson1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSteindorffSeele1942\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWente1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWest1973\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Center\"] = 5,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 22,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 4,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 1,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox pharaoh\"] = 1,\n [\"Pharaohs\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 95,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-7bbd5b958b-sdgxv","timestamp":"20241126145524","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Amenhotep I","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amenhotep_I","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q157966","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q157966","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-03-23T07:57:20Z","dateModified":"2024-10-31T13:22:47Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/69\/Cult_statue_of_Amenhotep_I%2C_limestone_-_Museo_Egizio_Turin_C_1372_p02.jpg","headline":"second Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt"}</script> </body> </html>