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cell line</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: carcinoma cell line"> <meta name="keywords" content="carcinoma cell line"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="carcinoma cell line"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6125</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: carcinoma cell line</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6125</span> Hexane Extract of Thymus serpyllum L.: GC-MS Profile, Antioxidant Potential and Anticancer Impact on HepG2 (Liver Carcinoma) Cell Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Baig">Salma Baig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bakrudeen%20Ali%20Ahmad"> Bakrudeen Ali Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ainnul%20Hamidah%20Syahadah%20Azizan"> Ainnul Hamidah Syahadah Azizan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hapipah%20Mohd%20Ali"> Hapipah Mohd Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Rouhollahi"> Elham Rouhollahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmood%20Ameen%20Abdulla"> Mahmood Ameen Abdulla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Free radical damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to etiology of many chronic diseases, cancer being one of them. Recent studies have been successful in ROS targeted therapies via antioxidants using mouse models in cancer therapeutics. The present study was designed to scrutinize anticancer activity, antioxidant activity of 5 different extracts of Thymus serpyllum in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, HepG2, HCT-116, PC3, and A549. Identification of the phytochemicals present in the most active extract of Thymus serpyllum was conducted using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrophotometry and antioxidant activity was measured by using DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP assay. Anticancer impact of the extract in terms of IC50 was evaluated using MTT cell viability assay. Results revealed that the hexane extract showed the best anticancer activity in HepG2 (Liver Carcinoma Cell Line) with an IC50 value of 23 ± 0.14 µg/ml followed by 25 µg/ml in HCT-116 (Colon Cancer Cell Line), 30 µm/ml in MCF-7 (Breast Cancer Cell Line), 35 µg/ml in MDA-MB-231 (Breast Cancer Cell Line), 57 µg/ml in PC3 (Prostate Cancer Cell Line) and 60 µg/ml in A549 (Lung Carcinoma Cell Line). GC-MS profile of the hexane extract showed the presence of 31 compounds with carvacrol, thymol and thymoquione being the major compounds. Phenolics such as Vitamin E, terpinen-4-ol, borneol and phytol were also identified. Hence, here we present the first report on cytotoxicity of hexane extract of Thymus serpyllum extract in HepG2 cell line with a robust anticancer activity with an IC50 of 23 ± 0.14 µg/ml. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thymus%20serpyllum%20L." title="Thymus serpyllum L.">Thymus serpyllum L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hexane%20extract" title=" hexane extract"> hexane extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-MS%20profile" title=" GC-MS profile"> GC-MS profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title=" antioxidant activity"> antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer%20activity" title=" anticancer activity"> anticancer activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HepG2%20cell%20line" title=" HepG2 cell line"> HepG2 cell line</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13474/hexane-extract-of-thymus-serpyllum-l-gc-ms-profile-antioxidant-potential-and-anticancer-impact-on-hepg2-liver-carcinoma-cell-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6124</span> Sider Bee Honey: Antitumor Effect in Some Experimental Tumor Cell Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliaa%20M.%20Issa">Aliaa M. Issa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20N.%20ElRouby"> Mahmoud N. ElRouby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20A.%20S.%20Ahmad"> Sahar A. S. Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20M.%20El-Merzabani"> Mahmoud M. El-Merzabani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sider honey is a type of honey produced by bees feeding on the nectar of Sider tree, Ziziphus spina-christi (L) Desf . Honey is an effective agent for preventing, inhibiting and treating the growth of human and animal cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of different dilutions from crude Sider honey and different duration times of exposure on the growth of six tumor cell lines (human cervical cancer cell line, HeLa; human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG-2; human larynx carcinoma cell line, Hep-2; brain tumor cell line, U251) as well as one animal cancerous cell line (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells line, EAC) and one normal cell line, Homo sapiens, human, (WISH) CCL-25. Different concentrations and treatment durations with Sider honey were tested on the growth of several cancer cell lines types. Histopathological changes in the tumor masses, animal survival, apoptosis and necrosis of the used cancer cell lines (using flow cytometry) were evaluated. Sider honey was administers either to the tumor mass itself by intratumoral injection or via drinking water. One-way ANOVA test was used for the analysis of (the means + standard error) of the optical density obtained from the Elisa reader and flow cytometry. The study revealed that different concentrations of Sider honey affected the growth patterns of all the studied cancer cell lines as well as their histopathological changes, and it depended on the cell line nature and the concentration of honey used. It is obvious that the relative animal survival percentage (bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, EAC cells) was proportionally increased with the increase in the used honey concentrations. The study of apoptosis and necrosis using the flow cytometry technique emphasized the viability results. In conclusion, Sider honey was effective as antitumor agent, in the used concentrations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antitumor" title="antitumor">antitumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honey" title=" honey"> honey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sider" title=" sider"> sider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20cell%20lines" title=" tumor cell lines"> tumor cell lines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41053/sider-bee-honey-antitumor-effect-in-some-experimental-tumor-cell-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">537</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6123</span> The Effect of Thymoquinone and Sorafenib Combination on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabila%20N.%20El-Maraghy">Nabila N. El-Maraghy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amany%20Essa"> Amany Essa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousra%20Abdel%E2%80%93Mottaleb"> Yousra Abdel–Mottaleb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nada%20Ismail"> Nada Ismail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of combination of chemotherapy and natural products to influence the cell death with low doses of chemotherapeutic agents and few side effects has recently emerged as a new method of cancer therapy. Aim: Evaluation the modulatory effect of Thymoquinone on HepG2 cells treated with Sorafenib. Methods: Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 cell line was treated with Sorafenib and TQ individually and in combination. The effect of these treatments on cell viability (MTT assay), apoptosis (Expression of Caspase-3) and oxidative markers (GSH content and extent of lipid peroxidation) was determined. Results: When compared the effect of both agents alone and the combination of the IC50 of Sorafenib and the IC50 TQ, the combination resulted in reduction of cell inhibition and apoptosis and antagonize their actions on GSH content and extent of lipid peroxidation which are increased. This study showed potent anti-tumor activity of both TQ and Sorafenib separately on HepG2 but upon combination surprisingly they interacted and give antagonistic effect. Conclusion: Co-treatment resulted in antagonistic interaction between Sorafenib and Thymoquinone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antagonism" title="antagonism">antagonism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatocellular%20carcinoma" title=" hepatocellular carcinoma"> hepatocellular carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorafenib" title=" sorafenib"> sorafenib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thymoquinone" title=" thymoquinone "> thymoquinone </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48191/the-effect-of-thymoquinone-and-sorafenib-combination-on-hepatocellular-carcinoma-cell-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">554</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6122</span> Extrapulmonary Gastrointestinal Small Cell Carcinoma: A Single Institute Experience of 14 Patients from a Low Middle Income Country </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awais%20Naeem">Awais Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20Shakeel"> Osama Shakeel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizan%20Ullah"> Faizan Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Wahid%20Anwer"> Abdul Wahid Anwer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: To study the clinic-pathological factors, diagnostic factors and survival of extra-pulmonary small cell carcinoma. Methodology: From 1995 to 2017 all patients with a diagnosis of extra-pulmonary small cell carcinoma were included in the study. Demographic variables and clinic-pathological factors were collected. Management of disease was recorded. Short and long term oncological outcomes were recorded. All data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 14 patients were included in the study. Median age was 53.42 +/- 16.1 years. There were 5 male and 9 female patients. Most common presentation was dysphagia in 16 patient among esophageal small cell carcinoma and while other patient had pain in abdomen. Mean duration of symptoms was 4.23+/-2.91 months .Most common site is esophagus (n=6) followed by gall bladder(n=3). Almost all of the patients received chemo-radiotherapy. Majority of the patient presented with extensive disease. Five patients (35.7%) died during the follow up period, two (14.3%) were alive and rest of the patients were lost to follow up. Mean follow up period was 22.92 months and median follow up was 15 months. Conclusion: Extra-pulmonary small cell carcinoma is rare and needs to be managed aggressively. All patients should be treated with both systemic and local therapies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20cell%20carcinoma%20of%20esophagus" title="small cell carcinoma of esophagus">small cell carcinoma of esophagus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extrapulmonary%20small%20cell%20carcinoma" title=" extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma"> extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20cell%20carcinoma%20of%20gall%20bladder" title=" small cell carcinoma of gall bladder"> small cell carcinoma of gall bladder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20cell%20carcinoma%20of%20rectum" title=" small cell carcinoma of rectum"> small cell carcinoma of rectum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20cell%20carcinoma%20of%20stomach" title=" small cell carcinoma of stomach"> small cell carcinoma of stomach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104995/extrapulmonary-gastrointestinal-small-cell-carcinoma-a-single-institute-experience-of-14-patients-from-a-low-middle-income-country" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6121</span> Initiation of Paraptosis-Like PCD Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line by Hep88 mAb through the Binding of Mortalin (HSPA9) and Alpha-Enolase</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panadda%20Rojpibulstit">Panadda Rojpibulstit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suthathip%20Kittisenachai"> Suthathip Kittisenachai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Songchan%20Puthong"> Songchan Puthong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirikul%20Manochantr"> Sirikul Manochantr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pornpen%20Gamnarai"> Pornpen Gamnarai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sasichai%20Kangsadalampai"> Sasichai Kangsadalampai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sittiruk%20Roytrakul"> Sittiruk Roytrakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most primary hepatic cancer worldwide. Nowadays a targeted therapy via monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to tumor-associated antigen is continually developed in HCC treatment. In this regard, after establishing and consequently exploring Hep88 mAb’s tumoricidal effect on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2 cell line), the Hep88 mAb’s specific Ag from both membrane and cytoplasmic fractions of HepG2 cell line was identified by 2-D gel electrophoresis and western blot analysis. After in-gel digestion and subsequent analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), mortalin (HSPA9) and alpha-enolase were identified. The recombinant proteins specific to Hep88 mAb were cloned and expressed in E.coli BL21 (DE3). Moreover, alteration of HepG2 and Chang liver cell line after being induced by Hep88 mAb for 1-3 days was investigated using a transmission electron microscope. The result demonstrated that Hep88 mAb can bind to the recombinant mortalin (HSPA9) andalpha-enolase. In addition, gradual appearance of mitochondria vacuolization and endoplasmic reticulum dilatation were observed. Taken together, paraptosis-like programmed cell death (PCD) of HepG2 is induced by binding of mortalin (HSPA9) and alpha-enolase to Hep88 mAb. Mortalin depletion by formation of Hep88 mAb-mortalin (HSPA9) complex might initiate transcription-independent of p53-mediated apoptosis. Additionally, Hep88 mAb-alpha-enolase complex might initiate HepG2 cells energy exhaustion by glycolysis pathway obstruction. These results imply that Hep88 mAb might be a promising tool for development of an effective treatment of HCC in the next decade. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hepatocellular%20carcinoma" title="Hepatocellular carcinoma">Hepatocellular carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monoclonal%20antibody" title=" Monoclonal antibody"> Monoclonal antibody</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paraptosis-like%20program%20cell%20death" title=" Paraptosis-like program cell death"> Paraptosis-like program cell death</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Transmission%20electron%20microscopy" title=" Transmission electron microscopy"> Transmission electron microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortalin%20%28HSPA9%29" title=" mortalin (HSPA9)"> mortalin (HSPA9)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alpha-enolase" title="alpha-enolase">alpha-enolase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4778/initiation-of-paraptosis-like-pcd-pathway-in-hepatocellular-carcinoma-cell-line-by-hep88-mab-through-the-binding-of-mortalin-hspa9-and-alpha-enolase" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4778.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6120</span> Effect of Copper Complexes on Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Line and Human Breast Carcinoma Cell Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katar%C3%ADna%20Ko%C5%88arikov%C3%A1">Katarína Koňariková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgios%20A.%20Perdikaris"> Georgios A. Perdikaris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucia%20Andrez%C3%A1lov%C3%A1"> Lucia Andrezálová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zde%C5%88ka%20%C4%8Eura%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1"> Zdeňka Ďuračková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucia%20Laubertov%C3%A1"> Lucia Laubertová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helena%20Gbelcov%C3%A1"> Helena Gbelcová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ingrid%20%C5%BDit%C5%88anov%C3%A1"> Ingrid Žitňanová </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The continuous demand for new anti-cancer drugs has stimulated chemotherapeutic research based on the use of essential metalloelements with the aim to develop potential drugs with lower toxicity and higher antiproliferative activity against tumors. Copper(II) and its complexes play an important role as suitable species for antiproliferative tests. Objectives: The central objective of the current study was to investigate the potential in vitro anti-proliferative effects of N-salicylidene-L-glutamato copper (II) complexes and molecular mechanism of apoptosis induced by tested complexes. In our project we tested N-salicylidene-L-glutamato copper (II) complexes ZK1 - [Cu(N-salicylidene-L-glutamato)(H2O)2].H2O; MK0 - ([Cu2(N-sal-D,L-glu)2(isoquinoline)2].2H2O); MK1 - [Cu(N-salicylidene-5-methyl-L-glutamato)(H2O)].H2O; MK3 - transbis(ethanol)tetrakis(imidazol)Cu(II)(2+)bis(N-salicylidene-D,L-glutamato-N,O)-KO:KO´-(imidazol); MK5 - [Cu(N-salicylidene-D,L- glutamato)(2-methylimidazol] at concentration range 0.001-100 µmol/L against human colon carcinoma cell line HT-29 and human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7. Methods: Viability was assessed by direct counting of 0.4% trypan blue dye-excluding cells after 24, 48 and 72 hour cultivations with or without copper complex and by MTT assay. To analyze the type of cell death and its mechanism induced by our copper complex we used different methods. To distinguish apoptosis from necrosis we used electrophoretic analysis, to study the activity of caspases 8 and 9 – luminometric analysis and caspase activity 3 colorimetric assay. Results: The observed anti-proliferative effect of the copper complexes appeared to be dose-, time- and cell line- dependent. Human colon carcinoma cells HT-29 appeared to be more sensitive to the complex MK0 ([Cu2(N-sal-D,L-glu)2(isoquinoline)2].2H2O) than to ZK1 ([Cu(N-salicylidene-L-glutamato)(H2O)2].H2O) and MK1 ([Cu(N-salicylidene-5-methyl-L-glutamato)(H2O)].H2O)). Human colon carcinoma cells HT-29 appeared to be more sensitive to the complex than human breast carcinoma cells MCF-7. IC50 decreased with time of incubation (24, 48 and 72h) for HT-29, but increased for MCF-7. By electrophoresis we found apoptotic cell death induced by our copper complexes in HT-29 at concentrations 1, 10, 50 and 100 µmol/L after 48h (ZK1) and 72h (MK0, MK1) and in MCF-7 we did not find apoptosis. We also studied molecular mechanism of apoptosis in HT-29 induced by copper complexes. We found active caspase 9 in HT-29 after ZK1 ([Cu(N-salicylidene-L-glutamato)(H2O)2].H2O) and MK1 ([Cu(N-salicylidene-5-methyl-L-glutamato)(H2O)].H2O)) influence and active caspase 8 after MK0 ([Cu2(N-sal-D,L-glu)2(isoquinoline)2].2H2O) influence. Conclusion: Our copper complexes showed cytotoxic activities against human colon carcinoma cells HT-29 and breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in vitro. Apoptosis was activated by mitochondrial pathway (intrinsic pathway) in case of ZK1 [Cu(N-salicylidene-L-glutamato)(H2O)2].H2O; MK1 [Cu(N-salicylidene-5-methyl-L-glutamato)(H2O)].H2O; MK3 - transbis(ethanol)tetrakis(imidazol)Cu(II)(2+)bis(N-salicylidene-D,L-glutamato-N,O)-KO:KO´-(imidazol) and MK5 - [Cu(N-salicylidene-D,L- glutamato)(2-methylimidazol] copper complexes and by death receptors (extrinsic pathway) in case of MK0 [Cu2(N-sal-D,L-glu)2(isoquinoline)2].2H2O copper complex in HT-29. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title="apoptosis">apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20complex" title=" copper complex"> copper complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carcinoma%20cell%20line" title=" carcinoma cell line"> carcinoma cell line</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7794/effect-of-copper-complexes-on-human-colon-carcinoma-cell-line-and-human-breast-carcinoma-cell-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6119</span> Cytotoxicity of a Short Chain Fatty Acid Histone Deactylase Inhibitor on HCT116 Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Kazemi%20Sefat">N. A. Kazemi Sefat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Mohammadi"> M. M. Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Hadjati"> J. Hadjati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Talebi"> S. Talebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ajami"> M. Ajami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Daneshvar"> H. Daneshvar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Colorectal cancer metastases result in a significant number of cancer related deaths. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors induce growth arrest and apoptosis in a variety of human cancer cells. Sodium butyrate (SB) is a short chain fatty acid, belongs to HDAC inhibitors which is released in the colonic lumen as a consequence of fiber fermentation. In this study, we are about to assess the effect of sodium butyrate on HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma cell line. The viability of cells was measured by microscopic morphologic study and MTT assay. After 48 hours, treatments more than 10 mM lead to cell injury in HCT116 by increasing cell granulation and decreasing cell adhesion (p>0.05). After 72 hours, treatments at 10 mM and more lead to significant cell injury (p<0.05). Our results may suggest that the gene expression which is contributed in cell proliferation and apoptosis has been changed under pressure of HDAC inhibition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorectal%20cancer" title="colorectal cancer">colorectal cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20butyrate" title=" sodium butyrate"> sodium butyrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MTT" title=" MTT"> MTT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12514/cytotoxicity-of-a-short-chain-fatty-acid-histone-deactylase-inhibitor-on-hct116-human-colorectal-carcinoma-cell-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12514.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6118</span> Synchronous Carcinoma Cervix with Vulvar Carcinoma in situ: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhushan%20Bhalgat">Bhushan Bhalgat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suresh%20Singh"> Suresh Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phanindra%20Swain"> Phanindra Swain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamal%20Kishore%20Lakhera"> Kamal Kishore Lakhera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carcinoma of cervix and carcinoma of vulva have been associated with common predisposing factors like human papillomavirus and smoking. Skip metastases and metachronous appearance of both these tumours have been reported. There is no case report showing synchronous appearance of these tumours in English literature. We herewith report a case report of a middle aged female patient who presented with per vaginal bleeding, and on examination, a cervical mass was palpable. Also, a proliferative growth was seen over her left vulva. Biopsy of both lesions came out to be squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ, respectively. A radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodal dissection was performed along with left simple vulvectomy. This thereby underscores that any lesion over vulva appearing during or after treatment of cervical carcinoma should be biopsied to rule out vulvar carcinoma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carcinoma%20of%20cervix" title="carcinoma of cervix">carcinoma of cervix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carcinoma%20of%20vulva" title=" carcinoma of vulva"> carcinoma of vulva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronous%20tumours" title=" synchronous tumours"> synchronous tumours</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gynecological%20oncology" title=" gynecological oncology"> gynecological oncology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125647/synchronous-carcinoma-cervix-with-vulvar-carcinoma-in-situ-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6117</span> Etiological Factors for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Five-Year Study at Mayo Hospital Lahore</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Umar%20Hassan">Muhammad Umar Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Renal cell carcinoma is a subset of kidney cancer that arises in the lining of DCT and is present in parenchymal tissue. Diagnosis is based on lab reports, including urinalysis, renal function tests (RFTs), and electrolyte balance, along with imaging techniques. Organ failure and other complications have been commonly observed in these cases. Over the years, the presentation of patients has varied, so carcinoma was classified on the basis of site, shape, and consistency for detailed analysis. Lifestyle patterns and occupational history were inquired about and recorded. Methods: Data from 100 patients presenting to the oncology and nephrology department of Mayo Hospital in the year 2015-2020 were included in this retrospective study on a random basis. The study was specifically focused on three risk factors. Smoking, occupational exposures, and Hakim medicine are taken by the patient for any cause. After procurement of data, follow-up contacts of these patients were established, resulting in a detailed analysis of lifestyle. Conclusion: The inference drawn is a direct causal link between smoking, industrial workplace exposure, and Hakim medicine with the development of Renal Cell Carcinoma. It was shown in the majority of the patients and hence confirmed our hypothesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20cell%20carcinoma" title="renal cell carcinoma">renal cell carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney%20cancer" title=" kidney cancer"> kidney cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clear%20cell%20carcinoma" title=" clear cell carcinoma"> clear cell carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161412/etiological-factors-for-renal-cell-carcinoma-five-year-study-at-mayo-hospital-lahore" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6116</span> Bioactivities and Phytochemical Studies of Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Bark Wight and Arn</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20M.%20El-Rafie">H. M. El-Rafie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Abou%20Zeid"> A. H. Abou Zeid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20S.%20Mohammed"> R. S. Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Sleem"> A. A. Sleem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acrocarpus is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae which considered as a large and economically important family. This study aimed to investigate the phytoconstituents of the petroleum ether extract (PEE) of Acrocarpus fraxinofolius bark by Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of its fractions (fatty acid and unsaponifiable matter). Concerning this, identification of 52 compounds constituting 97.03 % of the total composition of the unsaponifiable matter fraction. Cycloeucalenol was found to be the major compound representing 32.52% followed by 4a, 14a-dimethyl-A8~24(28)-ergostadien (26.50%) and ß-sitosterol(13.74%), furthermore Gas liquid chromatography (GLC) analysis of the sterol fraction revealed the identification of cholesterol (7.22 %), campesterol (13.30 %), stigmasterol (10.00 %) and β - sitosterol (69.48 %). Meanwhile, the identification of 33 fatty acids representing 90.71% of the total fatty acid constituents. Methyl-9,12-octadecadienoate (40.39%) followed by methyl hexadecanoate (23.64%) were found to be the major compounds. On the other hand, column chromatography and Thin layer chromatography (TLC) fractionation of PEE separate the triterpenoid: 21β-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-3-one and β- amyrin which were structurally identified by spectroscopic analysis (NMR, MS and IR). PEE has been biologically evaluated for 1: management of diabetes in alloxan induced diabetic rats 2: cytotoxic activity against four human tumor cell lines (Cervix carcinoma cell line[HELA], Breast carcinoma cell line [MCF7], Liver carcinoma cell line[HEPG2] and Colon carcinoma cell line[HCT-116] 3: hepatoprotective activity against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and the activity was studied by assaying the serum marker enzymes like AST, ALT, and ALP. Concerning this, the anti-diabetic activity exhibited by 100mg of PEE extract was 74.38% relative to metformin (100% potency). It also showed a significant anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 (IC50= 2.35µg), Hela(IC50=3.85µg) and HEPG-2 (IC50= 9.54µg) compared with Doxorubicin as reference drug. The hepatoprotective activity was evidenced by significant decrease in liver function enzymes, i.e. AST, ALT and ALP by (29.18%, 28.26%, and 34.11%, respectively using silymarin as the reference drug, compared to their concentration levels in an untreated group with liver damage induced by CCl₄. This study was performed for the first time on the bark of this species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acrocarpus%20fraxinofolius" title="Acrocarpus fraxinofolius">Acrocarpus fraxinofolius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antidiabetic" title=" antidiabetic"> antidiabetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxic" title=" cytotoxic"> cytotoxic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatoprotective" title=" hepatoprotective"> hepatoprotective</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72471/bioactivities-and-phytochemical-studies-of-acrocarpus-fraxinifolius-bark-wight-and-arn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6115</span> Anticancer Effects of MicroRNA-1275 in Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Targeting HOXB5 </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Cao%20Sun">Cheng-Cao Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Jun%20Li"> Shu-Jun Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=De-Jia%20Li"> De-Jia Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Through analysis of a published micro-array-based high-throughput assessment, we discovered that miR-1275 was markedly down-regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues. However, little is known about its effect and mechanism involved in NPC development and progression. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-1275 on the development of NPC. The results indicated that miR-1275 was significantly down-regulated in primary NPC tissues, and very low levels were found in NPC cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-1275 in NPC cell lines significantly suppressed cell growth as evidenced by cell viability assay and colony formation assay, through inhibition of HOXB5. In addition, miR-1275 suppresses G1/S transition through inhibition of HOXB5. Further, oncogene HOXB5 was revealed to be a putative target of miR-1275, which was inversely correlated with miR-1275 expression in NPC. Collectively, our study demonstrates that as a tumor suppressor, miR-1275 played a pivotal role on NPC through inhibiting cell proliferation, and suppressing G1/S transition by targeting oncogenic HOXB5. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNA-1275%20%28miR-1275%29" title="microRNA-1275 (miR-1275)">microRNA-1275 (miR-1275)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOXB5" title=" HOXB5"> HOXB5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nasopharyngeal%20carcinoma" title=" nasopharyngeal carcinoma"> nasopharyngeal carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proliferation" title=" proliferation"> proliferation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54943/anticancer-effects-of-microrna-1275-in-human-nasopharyngeal-carcinoma-by-targeting-hoxb5" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6114</span> Preparation of Gramine Nanosuspension and Protective Effect of Gramine on Human Oral Cell Lines by Induction of Apoptosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Suresh">K. Suresh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Arunkumar"> R. Arunkumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to investigate the preparation of gramine nano suspension and protective effect of Gramine on the apoptosis of laryngeal cancer cells cell line (HEp-2 and KB). The growth inhibition rate of Hep-2 and KB cells in vitro were measured by MTT assay and apoptosis by, levels of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, morphological changes and flowcytometry. Based on the results, we determined the effective doses of gramine as 127.23µm/ml for 24 hr and 119.81 µm/ml for 48hr in hep-2 cell line and 147.58 µm ml for 24 hr and 123.74µm µm/ml for 48hr in KB cell line. cytotoxicity effects of gramine were confirmed by treatment of HEp-2 cell and KB cell with IC50 concentration of gramine resulted in sequences of events marked by the enhance the apoptosis accompanied by loss of cell viability, modulation of reactive oxygen species and cell cycle arrest through the induction of G0/G1 phase arrest on HEp-2 cells. Our study suggests that the nanosuspension of gramine possesses the more cytotoxic effect of cancer cells and a novel candidate for cancer chemoprevention. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title="apoptosis">apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEp-2%20cell%20line" title=" HEp-2 cell line"> HEp-2 cell line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KB%20cell%20line%20mitochondria" title=" KB cell line mitochondria"> KB cell line mitochondria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gramine" title=" gramine"> gramine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanosuspension" title=" nanosuspension"> nanosuspension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21324/preparation-of-gramine-nanosuspension-and-protective-effect-of-gramine-on-human-oral-cell-lines-by-induction-of-apoptosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6113</span> Predictive Value of Primary Tumor Depth for Cervical Lymphadenopathy in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Buccal Mucosa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zohra%20Salim">Zohra Salim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To access the relationship of primary tumor thickness with cervical lymphadenopathy in squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 80 Patients with biopsy-proven oral squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa at Dow University of Health Sciences. All the study participants were treated with wide local excision of the primary tumor with elective neck dissection. Patients with prior head and neck malignancy or those with prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy were excluded from the study. Data was entered and analyzed on SPSS 21. Chi-squared test with 95% C.I and 80% power of the test was used to evaluate the relationship of tumor depth with cervical lymph nodes. Results: 50 participants were male, and 30 patients were female. 30 patients were in the age range of 20-40 years, 36 patients in the range of 40-60 years, while 14 patients were beyond age 60 years. Tumor size ranged from 0.3cm to 5cm with a mean of 2.03cm. Tumor depth ranged from 0.2cm to 5cm. 20% of the participants reported with tumor depth greater than 2.5cm, while 80% of patients reported with tumor depth less than 2.5cm. Out of 80 patients, 27 reported with negative lymph nodes, while 53 patients reported with positive lymph nodes. Conclusion: Our study concludes that relationship exists between the depth of primary tumor and cervical lymphadenopathy in squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=squamous%20cell%20carcinoma" title="squamous cell carcinoma">squamous cell carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20depth" title=" tumor depth"> tumor depth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20lymphadenopathy" title=" cervical lymphadenopathy"> cervical lymphadenopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buccal%20mucosa" title=" buccal mucosa"> buccal mucosa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85223/predictive-value-of-primary-tumor-depth-for-cervical-lymphadenopathy-in-squamous-cell-carcinoma-of-buccal-mucosa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6112</span> Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Five Rare Pathological Subtypes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoyuan%20Chen">Xiaoyuan Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological and clinical features of five rare subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to create a competing risk nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival. Methods: This study used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to analyze the clinicopathological data of 50,218 patients with classic HCC and five rare subtypes (ICD-O-3 Histology Code=8170/3-8175/3) between 2004 and 2018. The annual percent change (APC) was calculated using Joinpoint regression, and a nomogram was developed based on multivariable competing risk survival analyses. The prognostic performance of the nomogram was evaluated using the Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, C-index, calibration curve, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Decision curve analysis was used to assess the clinical value of the models. Results: The incidence of scirrhous carcinoma showed a decreasing trend (APC=-6.8%, P=0.025), while the morbidity of other rare subtypes remained stable from 2004 to 2018. The incidence-based mortality plateau in all subtypes during the period. Clear cell carcinoma was the most common subtype (n=551, 1.1%), followed by fibrolamellar (n=241, 0.5%), scirrhous (n=82, 0.2%), spindle cell (n=61, 0.1%), and pleomorphic (n=17, ~0%) carcinomas. Patients with fibrolamellar carcinoma were younger and more likely to have non-cirrhotic liver and better prognoses. Scirrhous carcinoma shared almost the same macro clinical characteristics and outcomes as classic HCC. Clear cell carcinoma tended to occur in the Asia-Pacific elderly male population, and more than half of them were large HCC (Size>5cm). Sarcomatoid (including spindle cell and pleomorphic) carcinoma was associated with larger tumor size, poorer differentiation, and more dismal prognoses. The pathological subtype, T stage, M stage, surgery, alpha-fetoprotein, and cancer history were identified as independent predictors in patients with rare subtypes. The nomogram showed good calibration, discrimination, and net benefits in clinical practice. Conclusion: The rare subtypes of HCC had distinct clinicopathological features and biological behaviors compared with classic HCC. Our findings could provide a valuable reference for clinicians. The constructed nomogram could accurately predict prognoses, which is beneficial for individualized management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatocellular%20carcinoma" title="hepatocellular carcinoma">hepatocellular carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathological%20subtype" title=" pathological subtype"> pathological subtype</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibrolamellar%20carcinoma" title=" fibrolamellar carcinoma"> fibrolamellar carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scirrhous%20carcinoma" title=" scirrhous carcinoma"> scirrhous carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clear%20cell%20carcinoma" title=" clear cell carcinoma"> clear cell carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spindle%20cell%20carcinoma" title=" spindle cell carcinoma"> spindle cell carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pleomorphic%20carcinoma" title=" pleomorphic carcinoma"> pleomorphic carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163602/epidemiological-and-clinical-characteristics-of-five-rare-pathological-subtypes-of-hepatocellular-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163602.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6111</span> Changes in Global DNA Methylation and DNA Damage in Two Tumor Cell Lines Treated with Silver and Gold Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcin%20Kruszewski">Marcin Kruszewski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barbara%20Sochanowicz"> Barbara Sochanowicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylwia%20M%C4%99czy%C5%84ska-Wielgosz"> Sylwia Męczyńska-Wielgosz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Wojew%C3%B3dzka"> Maria Wojewódzka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucyna%20Kapka-Skrzypczak"> Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metallic NPs are widely used in a number of applications in industry, science and medicine. Among metallic NPs foreseen to be widely used in medicine are gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) due to their low toxicity, and silver NPs (AgNPs) due to their strong antimicrobial activity. In this study, we compared an effect of AgNPs and gold NPs (AuNPs) on the formation of DNA damage and global DNA methylation and in A2780 and 4T1 cell lines, widely used models of human ovarian carcinoma and murine mammary carcinoma, respectively. The cells were treated with AgNPs coated with citrate (AgNPs(cit) or PEG (AgNPs(PEG), or AuNPs. A global DNA methylation was investigated with ELISA, whereas the formation of DNA damage was investigated by a comet +/- FPG. AgNPs decreased global DNA methylation and increased the formation of DNA lesions in both cell lines. The effect was dependent on the type of NPs used, it's coating, and cell line used. In conclusion, the epigenetic and genotoxic effects of NPs strongly depends on NP nature and cellular context. Epigenetic changes observed upon the action of AgNPs may play a crucial role in NPs-induced changes in protein expression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20damage" title="DNA damage">DNA damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20nanoparticles" title=" gold nanoparticles"> gold nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methylation" title=" methylation"> methylation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title=" silver nanoparticles"> silver nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108254/changes-in-global-dna-methylation-and-dna-damage-in-two-tumor-cell-lines-treated-with-silver-and-gold-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6110</span> Cytotoxicity of Thymoquinone Alone or in Combination with Cisplatin (CDDP) Against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Vitro</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20M.%20Al%20Aufi">Omar M. Al Aufi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulwahab%20Noorwali"> Abdulwahab Noorwali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Al%20Abd"> Ahmed Al Abd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safia%20Alattas"> Safia Alattas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fathya%20Zahran"> Fathya Zahran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahd%20Almutairi"> Fahd Almutairi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cisplatin (CDDP) is a potent anticancer agent used for several tumor types. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a naturally occurring compound drawing great attention as an anticancer and chemomodulator for chemotherapies. Herein, we studied the potential cytotoxicity of thymoquinone, CDDP and their combination against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in contrast to normal oral epithelial cells. CDDP similarly killed both head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (UMSCC-14C) and normal oral epithelial cells (OEC). TQ alone exerted considerable cytotoxicity against UMSCC-14C cells, while it induced a weaker killing effect against normal oral epithelial cells (OEC). The equitoxic combination of TQ and CDDP showed additive to synergistic interaction against both UMSCC-14C and OEC cells. TQ alone increased apoptotic cell fraction in UMSCC-14C cells as early as after 6 hours. In addition, prolonged exposure of UMSCC-14C to TQ alone resulted in 96.7±1.6% total apoptosis, which was increased after combination with CDDP to 99.3±1.2% in UMSCC-14C cells. On the other hand, TQ induced a marginal increase in the apoptosis in OEC and even decreased the apoptosis induced by CDDP alone. Finally, apoptosis induction results were confirmed by the change in the expression levels of p53, Bcl-2 and Caspase-9 proteins in both UMSCC-14c and OEC cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thymoquinone" title="thymoquinone">thymoquinone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cisplatin" title=" cisplatin"> cisplatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20squamous%20cell%20carcinoma" title=" oral squamous cell carcinoma"> oral squamous cell carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P53" title=" P53"> P53</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caspase-9" title=" Caspase-9"> Caspase-9</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bcl-2" title=" Bcl-2"> Bcl-2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173291/cytotoxicity-of-thymoquinone-alone-or-in-combination-with-cisplatin-cddp-against-oral-squamous-cell-carcinoma-in-vitro" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6109</span> HLA-G, a Neglected Immunosuppressive Checkpoint for Breast Cancer Immunotherapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xian-Peng%20Jiang">Xian-Peng Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catherine%20C.%20Baucom"> Catherine C. Baucom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toby%20Jiang"> Toby Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20L.%20Elliott"> Robert L. Elliott</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> HLA-G binds to the inhibitory receptors of uterine NK cells and plays an important role in protection of fetal cells from maternal NK lysis. HLA-G also mediates tumor escape, but the immunosuppressive role is often neglected. These studies have focused on the examination of HLA-G expression in human breast carcinoma and HLA-G immunosuppressive role in NK cytolysis. We examined HLA-G expression in breast cell lines by real time PCR, ELISA and immunofluorescent staining. We treated the breast cancer cell lines with anti-human HLA-G antibody or progesterone. Then, NK cytolysis was measured by using MTT assay. We find that breast carcinoma cell lines increase the expression of HLA-G mRNA and protein, compared to normal cells. Blocking HLA-G of the breast cancer cells by the antibody increases NK cytolysis. Progesterone upregulates HLA-G mRNA and protein of human breast cancer cell lines. The increased HLA-G expression suppresses NK cytolysis. In summary, human breast carcinoma overexpress HLA-G immunosuppressive molecules. Blocking HLA-G protein by antibody improves NK cytolysis. In contrast, upregulation of HLA-G expression by progesterone impairs NK cytolytic function. Thus, HLA-G is a new immunosuppressive checkpoint and potential cancer immunotherapeutic target. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HLA-G" title="HLA-G">HLA-G</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Breast%20carcinoma" title=" Breast carcinoma"> Breast carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NK%20cells" title=" NK cells"> NK cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Immunosuppressive%20checkpoint" title=" Immunosuppressive checkpoint"> Immunosuppressive checkpoint</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161283/hla-g-a-neglected-immunosuppressive-checkpoint-for-breast-cancer-immunotherapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6108</span> Closed Loop Large Bowel Obstruction Due to Appendiceal Signet Cell Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20Teo">Joshua Teo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leo%20Phan"> Leo Phan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Signet cell carcinoma of the appendix is the rarest and the most aggressive subtype of appendiceal malignancy, typically with non-specific presentations. We describe a case of a 62-year-old male with large bowel obstruction and CT demonstrating dilated large bowels from caecum to proximal sigmoid colon with pneumoperitoneum. Intra-operatively, closed-loop obstruction caused by dense adherence of sigmoid colon to caecum was noted, which had resulted in caecal perforation. Histopathology study indicated primary appendiceal malignancy of signet cell morphology with intra-peritoneal spread to the sigmoid colon. Large bowel obstruction from appendiceal malignancy has rarely been reported, and a similar presentation has not been described in the existing literature. When left-sided large bowel obstruction is suspected to be caused by a malignant stricture, it is essential to consider transperitoneal spread of appendiceal malignancy as potential aetiology, particularly in the elderly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=appendiceal%20carcinoma" title="appendiceal carcinoma">appendiceal carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20bowel%20obstruction" title=" large bowel obstruction"> large bowel obstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signet%20ring%20cell%20cancer" title=" signet ring cell cancer"> signet ring cell cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caecal%20perforation" title=" caecal perforation"> caecal perforation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141362/closed-loop-large-bowel-obstruction-due-to-appendiceal-signet-cell-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6107</span> Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Activity of Areca catechu Linn. Extract as Natural Anticancer Agent for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20Meutia%20Sari">Liza Meutia Sari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gus%20Permana%20Subita"> Gus Permana Subita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elza%20Ibrahim%20Auerkari"> Elza Ibrahim Auerkari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Many herbs have been discovered to be potential sources of anticancer drugs. Biji Pinang or areca nut (Areca catechu Linn.) has a high content of phenolics and flavonoids, and which is related to antioxidant activity. However, data on its effects on oral squamous cell carcinoma is not available. Objectives: Identification of the cytotoxicity and apoptosis activity in HSC-2 and HSC-3. Methods: The areca nut was extracted by ethanol 96%, MTS assay and apoptosis activity with flow cytometry. Results: The extract of areca nut showed higher toxicity on HSC-3 cell compared to HSC-2. The IC₅₀ of HSC-3 was 164.06 μg/ml vs. 629.50 μg/ml in HSC-2. There was an increase in late apoptosis percentage after 24 and 48 hours in HSC-2. There was a significant increase in early apoptosis percentage after 24 hours and late in 48 hours in HSC-3. Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of the extract of areca nut might be associated with the selective cytotoxicity on HSC-2 and HSC-3. Apoptosis is the major cell death mechanism involved. The areca nut may play an important role in anticancer herb medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=areca%20nut" title="areca nut">areca nut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20carcinoma" title=" oral carcinoma"> oral carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71234/cytotoxicity-and-apoptosis-activity-of-areca-catechu-linn-extract-as-natural-anticancer-agent-for-oral-squamous-cell-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6106</span> Study of the Effect of the Continuous Electric Field on the Rd Cancer Cell Line by Response Surface Methodology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radia%20Chemlal">Radia Chemlal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salim%20Mehenni"> Salim Mehenni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahbia%20Leila%20Anes-boulahbal"> Dahbia Leila Anes-boulahbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Kherat"> Mohamed Kherat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabil%20Mameri"> Nabil Mameri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The application of the electric field is considered to be a very promising method in cancer therapy. Indeed, cancer cells are very sensitive to the electric field, although the cellular response is not entirely clear. The tests carried out consisted in subjecting the RD cell line under the effect of the continuous electric field while varying certain parameters (voltage, exposure time, and cell concentration). The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to assess the effect of the chosen parameters, as well as the existence of interactions between them. The results obtained showed that the voltage, the cell concentration as well as the interaction between voltage and exposure time have an influence on the mortality rate of the RD cell line. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20electric%20field" title="continuous electric field">continuous electric field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RD%20cancer%20cell%20line" title=" RD cancer cell line"> RD cancer cell line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RSM" title=" RSM"> RSM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage" title=" voltage"> voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159144/study-of-the-effect-of-the-continuous-electric-field-on-the-rd-cancer-cell-line-by-response-surface-methodology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6105</span> Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting with COVID-19 Infection and Cardiac Tamponade</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sutinon%20Yuchomsuk">Sutinon Yuchomsuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satchachon%20Changthom"> Satchachon Changthom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pruet%20Areesawangvong"> Pruet Areesawangvong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monsiri%20Jinapen"> Monsiri Jinapen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can be presented with many symptoms, such as dysphagia or weight loss. However, in some circumstances, rare presentations can be found, e.g., dyspnea, which is more common in pulmonary malignancy. And dyspnea is also one of the most common presentations of COVID-19 infection. So, in this case, we can learn from many points in patient symptoms and findings leading to the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Method: This research is a case-report study including one patient from Mahasarakham Hospital, Thailand. Data were collected during December 2021. Result: A 55-year-old Thai male patient with an unknown past medical history presented with dyspnea and shortness of breath for the duration of three days prior to admission. His symptom also included cough, fever, and sore throat. Laboratory results indicated that the patient had COVID-19 pneumonia. Further investigation showed that he had cardiac tamponade and suspected pulmonary/esophageal cancer. Lung biopsy and pericardiocentesis were done, which were positive for carcinoma from pericardial effusion but negative for malignancy from the lung biopsy. Later esophagogastroduodenoscopy was done with endoscopic tissue biopsy; the result was positive for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Conclusion: Most commonly, esophageal cancer is presented with dysphagia or weight loss. However, in some rare cases, patients can also be presented with dyspnea due to cardiac tamponade. And in recent years, COVID-19 has become a pandemic all over the world, sometimes masking symptoms of other diseases. Such as in this case, the patient didn’t improve after the pneumonia was resolved, which led to the final diagnosis of metastatic esophageal cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esophageal%20cancer" title="esophageal cancer">esophageal cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac%20tamponade" title=" cardiac tamponade"> cardiac tamponade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastatic%20squamous%20cell%20carcinoma" title=" metastatic squamous cell carcinoma"> metastatic squamous cell carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19%20infection" title=" COVID-19 infection"> COVID-19 infection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152632/metastatic-esophageal-squamous-cell-carcinoma-presenting-with-covid-19-infection-and-cardiac-tamponade" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6104</span> Cardenolides from the Egyptian Cultivar: Acokanthera spectabilis Leaves Inducing Apoptosis through Arresting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth at G2/M</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Soltan">Maha Soltan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20Z.%20Hassan"> Amal Z. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Howaida%20I.%20Abd-Alla"> Howaida I. Abd-Alla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atef%20G.%20Hanna"> Atef G. Hanna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two naturally known cardenolides; acovenoside A and acobioside A were isolated from the Egyptian cultivar; Acokanthera spectabilis leaves. It is an ornamental and poisonous plant that has been traditionally claimed for their medicinal properties against infectious microbes, killing worms and curing some inflammations at little amounts. We examined the growth inhibition effects of both cardenolides against four types of human cancer cell lines using Sulphorhodamine B assay. In addition, the clonogenic assay was also performed for testing the growth inhibiting power of the isolated compounds. An in vitro mechanistic investigation was further accomplished against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line. Microscopic examination, colorimetric ELISA and flow cytometry techniques were our tools of proving at least part of the anticancer pathway of the tested compounds. Both compounds were able to inhibit the growth of 4 human cancer cell lines at less than 100 nM. In addition, they were able to activate the executioner Caspase-3 and apoptosis was then induced as a consequence of cell growth arrest at G2/M. An attention must be payed to those bioactive agents particularly when giving their activity against cancer cells at considerable small values while presenting safe therapeutic margins as indicated by literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer" title="anticancer">anticancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardenolides" title=" cardenolides"> cardenolides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caspase-3" title=" Caspase-3"> Caspase-3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101830/cardenolides-from-the-egyptian-cultivar-acokanthera-spectabilis-leaves-inducing-apoptosis-through-arresting-hepatocellular-carcinoma-growth-at-g2m" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6103</span> Esophageal Premalignant and Malignant Epithelial Lesions: Pathological Characteristics and Value of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression. </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Mohamed%20Abd%20Elmoneim">Hanan Mohamed Abd Elmoneim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rawan%20Saleh%20AlJawi"> Rawan Saleh AlJawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razan%20Saleh%20AlJawi"> Razan Saleh AlJawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aseel%20Abdullah%20AlMasoudi"> Aseel Abdullah AlMasoudi </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zyad%20Adnan%20Turkistani"> Zyad Adnan Turkistani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anas%20Abdulkarim%20Alkhoutani"> Anas Abdulkarim Alkhoutani </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ohood%20Musaed%20AlJuhani"> Ohood Musaed AlJuhani </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Attiyah%20AlZahrani"> Hanan Attiyah AlZahrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. More than 90% of esophageal cancers are either squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. Squamous dysplasia is a precancerous lesion for squamous cell carcinoma and Barrett's esophagus is the precancerous lesion for adenocarcinoma. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the initiation factor for Barrett's esophagus. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in arachidonic metabolism. It appears to play an important role in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. COX-2 activity may be a potential target for the prevention of cancer progression by selective COX-2 inhibitors, which decrease proliferation and increase apoptosis. Objectives To assess COX-2 expression in premalignant and malignant esophageal epitheliums changes and detect its roles in progression of these lesions. Materials and Methods We analyzed the expression of COX-2 immunohistochemically in 40 esophageal biopsies utilizing the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method on archival formalin fixed-paraffin embedded blocks. Histopathologically, 17 (42.5%) of cases were non-malignant cases which included GERD, Barrett's esophagus and squamous dysplasia. The malignant cases were 23 (57.5%) squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma. Results In non-malignant cases 7 (41.2%) out of 17 cases had high COX-2 expression. In squamous cell carcinoma 10 (83.3%) out of 12 cases had high COX-2 expression. The expression of COX-2 was high in all 9 (100%) cases of adenocarcinoma. COX-2 expression is significantly increased (P=0.005 and P=0.0001) in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma respectively. There was a significant difference in COX-2 immunoreactivity between malignant and non-malignant lesions (P=0.0003). Conclusion COX-2 is responsible for the progression of esophageal diseases from benign to malignant. We recommend that COX-2 immunohistochemistry should be done routinely for premalignant and malignant esophageal lesions as selective COX-2 inhibitors will be helpful in the treatment. Further studies on molecular and genetic basis of COX-2 expression are needed to unmask its role and relation to progression of esophageal lesions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cox-2" title="Cox-2">Cox-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esophageal%20adinocarcinoma" title=" Esophageal adinocarcinoma"> Esophageal adinocarcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esophageal%20squamous%20cell%20carcinoma" title=" Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma"> Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Immunohistochemistry." title=" Immunohistochemistry. "> Immunohistochemistry. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43810/esophageal-premalignant-and-malignant-epithelial-lesions-pathological-characteristics-and-value-of-cyclooxygenase-2-expression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6102</span> Cytogenetic Characterization of the VERO Cell Line Based on Comparisons with the Subline; Implication for Authorization and Quality Control of Animal Cell Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fumio%20Kasai">Fumio Kasai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noriko%20Hirayama"> Noriko Hirayama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Pereira"> Jorge Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azusa%20Ohtani"> Azusa Ohtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masashi%20Iemura"> Masashi Iemura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malcolm%20A.%20Ferguson%20Smith"> Malcolm A. Ferguson Smith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arihiro%20Kohara"> Arihiro Kohara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The VERO cell line was established in 1962 from normal tissue of an African green monkey, Chlorocebus aethiops (2n=60), and has been commonly used worldwide for screening for toxins or as a cell substrate for the production of viral vaccines. The VERO genome was sequenced in 2014; however, its cytogenetic features have not been fully characterized as it contains several chromosome abnormalities and different karyotypes coexist in the cell line. In this study, the VERO cell line (JCRB0111) was compared with one of the sublines. In contrast to 59 chromosomes as the modal chromosome number in the VERO cell line, the subline had two peaks of 56 and 58 chromosomes. M-FISH analysis using human probes revealed that the VERO cell line was characterized by a translocation t(2;25) found in all metaphases, which was absent in the subline. Different abnormalities detected only in the subline show that the cell line is heterogeneous, indicating that the subline has the potential to change its genomic characteristics during cell culture. The various alterations in the two independent lineages suggest that genomic changes in both VERO cells can be accounted for by progressive rearrangements during their evolution in culture. Both t(5;X) and t(8;14) observed in all metaphases of the two cell lines might have a key role in VERO cells and could be used as genetic markers to identify VERO cells. The flow karyotype shows distinct differences from normal. Further analysis of sorted abnormal chromosomes may uncover other characteristics of VERO cells. Because of the absence of STR data, cytogenetic data are important in characterizing animal cell lines and can be an indicator of their quality control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VERO" title="VERO">VERO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20culture%20passage" title=" cell culture passage"> cell culture passage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromosome%20rearrangement" title=" chromosome rearrangement"> chromosome rearrangement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20cells" title=" heterogeneous cells"> heterogeneous cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32913/cytogenetic-characterization-of-the-vero-cell-line-based-on-comparisons-with-the-subline-implication-for-authorization-and-quality-control-of-animal-cell-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6101</span> RhoA Regulates E-Cadherin Intercellular Junctions in Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ga-Young%20Lee">Ga-Young Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Man%20Kim"> Hyun-Man Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The modulation of the cell-cell junction is critical in epithelial-mesenchymal transition during tumorigenesis. As RhoA activity is known to be up-regulated to dissociate cell-cell junction by contracting acto-myosin complex in various cancer cells, the present study investigated if RhoA activity was also associated with the disruption of the cell-cell junction of oral cancer cells. We studied SCC-25 cells which are established from oral squamous cell carcinoma if their E-cadherin junction (ECJ) was under control of RhoA. Interestingly, development of ECJ of SCC-25 cells depended on the amount of fibronectin (FN) coated on the culture dishes. Seeded cells promptly aggregated to develop ECJ on the substrates coated with a low amount of FN, whereas they were retarded in the development of ECJ on the substrates coated with a high amount of FN. However, it was an unexpected finding that total RhoA activity was lower in the dissociated cells on the substrates of high FN than in the aggregated cells on the substrates of low FN. Treating the dissociated cells on the substrates of high FN with LPA, a RhoA activator, promoted the development to ECJ. In contrast, treating the aggregated cells on the substrates of low FN with Clostridium botulinum C3, a toxin decreasing RhoA activity, dissociated cells concomitant with the disruption of ECJ. Genetical knockdown of RhoA expression by transfecting RhoA siRNA also down-regulated the development of ECJ in SCC-25 cells. Furthermore, PMA, an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), down-regulated the development of ECJ junction of SCC-25 cells on the substrates coated with low FN. In contrast, GO6976, a PKC inhibitor, up-regulated the development of ECJ of SCC-25 cells with the activation of RhoA on the substrates coated with high FN. In conclusion, in the present study, we demonstrated unexpected results that the activation of RhoA promotes the development of ECJ, whereas the inhibition of RhoA retards the development of ECJ in SCC-25 cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E-cadherin%20junction" title="E-cadherin junction">E-cadherin junction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20squamous%20cell%20carcinoma" title=" oral squamous cell carcinoma"> oral squamous cell carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PKC" title=" PKC"> PKC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RhoA" title=" RhoA"> RhoA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCC-25" title=" SCC-25"> SCC-25</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65493/rhoa-regulates-e-cadherin-intercellular-junctions-in-oral-squamous-carcinoma-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65493.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6100</span> Antiangiogenic and Pro-Apoptotic Properties of Shemamruthaa: An Herbal Preparation in Experimental Mammary Carcinoma-Bearing Rats and Breast Cancer Cell Line In vitro</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nandhakumar%20Elumalai">Nandhakumar Elumalai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Purushothaman%20Ayyakannu"> Purushothaman Ayyakannu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachidanandam%20T.%20Panchanatham"> Sachidanandam T. Panchanatham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Understanding the basic mechanisms and factors underlying the tumor growth and invasion has gained attention in recent times. The processes of angiogenesis and apoptosis are known to play a vital role in various stages of cancer. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is well established as one of the key regulators of tumor angiogenesis while MMPs are known for their exclusive ability to degrade ECM. Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the pro apoptotic and anti angiogenic activity of the herbal formulation Shemamruthaa. The anticancer activity of Shemamruthaa was tested in breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Results of MTT, trypan blue and flow cytometric analysis of apoptotis suggested that Shemamruthaa can induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells, in a concentration- and time dependent manner and induce apoptosis. With these results, we further evaluated the antiangiogenic and pro-apoptotic activities of Shemamruthaa in DMBA induced mammary carcinoma in Sprague Dawley rats. Flavono tumour was induced in 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats by gastric intubation of 25 mg DMBA in 1ml olive oil. After 90 days of induction period, the rats were orally administered with Shemamruthaa (400 mg/kg body wt) for 45 days. Treatment with the drug SM significantly modulated the expression of p53, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and VEGF by means of its anti angiogenic and protease inhibiting activity. Conclusion: Based on these results, it might be concluded that the formulation, Shemamruthaa, constituted of dried flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, fruits of Emblica officinalis, and honey has been found to exhibit pronounced antiproliferative and apoptotic effects. This enhanced anticancer effect of Shemamruthaa might be attributed to the synergistic action of polyphenols such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, vitamin C, niacin, pyrogallol, hydroxymethylfurfural, trilinolein, and other compounds present in the formulation. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Shemamruthaa holds potential to be developed as a potent chemotherapeutic agent against mammary carcinoma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shemamruthaa" title="Shemamruthaa">Shemamruthaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoids" title=" flavonoids"> flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCF-7%20cell%20line" title=" MCF-7 cell line"> MCF-7 cell line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mammary%20cancer" title=" mammary cancer"> mammary cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64047/antiangiogenic-and-pro-apoptotic-properties-of-shemamruthaa-an-herbal-preparation-in-experimental-mammary-carcinoma-bearing-rats-and-breast-cancer-cell-line-in-vitro" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6099</span> Automatic Staging and Subtype Determination for Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Using PET Image Texture Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyhan%20Kara%C3%A7avu%C5%9F">Seyhan Karaçavuş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%C3%BClent%20Y%C4%B1lmaz"> Bülent Yılmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96mer%20Kayaalt%C4%B1"> Ömer Kayaaltı</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semra%20%C4%B0%C3%A7er"> Semra İçer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arzu%20Ta%C5%9Fdemir"> Arzu Taşdemir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O%C4%9Fuzhan%20Ayy%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z"> Oğuzhan Ayyıldız</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K%C3%BCbra%20Eset"> Kübra Eset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eser%20Kaya"> Eser Kaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, our goal was to perform tumor staging and subtype determination automatically using different texture analysis approaches for a very common cancer type, i.e., non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Especially, we introduced a texture analysis approach, called Law’s texture filter, to be used in this context for the first time. The 18F-FDG PET images of 42 patients with NSCLC were evaluated. The number of patients for each tumor stage, i.e., I-II, III or IV, was 14. The patients had ~45% adenocarcinoma (ADC) and ~55% squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCs). MATLAB technical computing language was employed in the extraction of 51 features by using first order statistics (FOS), gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), gray-level run-length matrix (GLRLM), and Laws’ texture filters. The feature selection method employed was the sequential forward selection (SFS). Selected textural features were used in the automatic classification by <em>k</em>-nearest neighbors (<em>k</em>-NN) and support vector machines (SVM). In the automatic classification of tumor stage, the accuracy was approximately 59.5% with <em>k</em>-NN classifier (k=3) and 69% with SVM (with one versus one paradigm), using 5 features. In the automatic classification of tumor subtype, the accuracy was around 92.7% with SVM one vs. one. Texture analysis of FDG-PET images might be used, in addition to metabolic parameters as an objective tool to assess tumor histopathological characteristics and in automatic classification of tumor stage and subtype. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20stage" title="cancer stage">cancer stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20cell%20type" title=" cancer cell type"> cancer cell type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-small%20cell%20lung%20carcinoma" title=" non-small cell lung carcinoma"> non-small cell lung carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET" title=" PET"> PET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture%20analysis" title=" texture analysis"> texture analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43698/automatic-staging-and-subtype-determination-for-non-small-cell-lung-carcinoma-using-pet-image-texture-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6098</span> ROCK Signaling and Radio Resistance: The Association and the Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Annapurna">P. Annapurna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cecil%20Ross"> Cecil Ross</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhir%20Krishna"> Sudhir Krishna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sweta%20Srivastava"> Sweta Srivastava </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Irradiation plays a pivotal role in cervical cancer treatment, however some tumors exhibit resistance to therapy while some exhibit relapse, due to better repair and enhanced resistance mechanisms operational in their cells. The present study aims to understand the signaling mechanism operational in resistance phenotype and in the present study we report the role of Rho GTPase associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling in cervical carcinoma radio-resistance. ROCK signaling has been implicated in several tumor progressions and is important for DNA repair. Irradiation of spheroid cultures of SiHa cervical carcinoma derived cell line at 6Gy resulted in generation of resistant cells in vitro which had better clonogenic abilities and formed larger and more colonies, in soft agar colony formation assay, as compared to the non-irradiated cells. These cells also exhibited an enhanced motility phenotype. Cell cycle profiling showed the cells to be blocked in G2M phase with enhanced pCDC2 levels indicating onset of possible DNA repair mechanism. Notably, 3 days post-irradiation, irradiated cells showed increased ROCK2 translocation to the nucleus with enhanced protein expression as compared to the non-irradiated cells. Radio-sensitization of the resistant cells was enhanced using Y27632, an inhibitor to ROCK signaling. The treatment of resistant cells with Y27632 resulted in increased cell death upon further irradiation. This observation has been confirmed using inhibitory antibodies to ROCK1/2. Result show that both ROCK1/2 have a functional contribution in radiation resistance of cervical cancer cells derived from cell lines. Interestingly enrichment of stem like cells (Hoechst negative cells) was also observed upon irradiation and these cells were markedly sensitive to Y27632 treatment. Our results thus suggest the role of ROCK signaling in radio-resistance in cervical carcinoma. Further studies with human biopsies, mice models and mechanistic of ROCK signaling in the context of radio-resistance will clarify the role of this molecule further and allow for therapeutics development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20carcinoma" title="cervical carcinoma">cervical carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radio-resistance" title=" radio-resistance"> radio-resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROCK%20signaling" title=" ROCK signaling"> ROCK signaling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20treatment" title=" cancer treatment"> cancer treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22602/rock-signaling-and-radio-resistance-the-association-and-the-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22602.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6097</span> Anticancer and Anti-Apoptotic Potential of Tridham and 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-Galloyl-β-D-Glucose in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Stalin">R. Stalin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Karthick"> D. Karthick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Haseena%20Banu"> H. Haseena Banu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20P.%20Sachidanandam"> T. P. Sachidanandam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Shanthi"> P. Shanthi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Breast cancer is emerging as one of the leading cause of cancer related deaths and hence there arises the need to look out for drugs which are more targets specific with minimal side effects. In recent times, there is a shift towards alternative medicine due to low cost and less side effects. Siddha system of medicine is one the oldest system of medicine practiced against various ailments. Tridham (TD) is a herbal formulation prepared in our laboratory consisting of Terminalia chebula, Elaeocarpus ganitrus and Prosopis cineraria in a definite ratio (TD) and its anticancer potential is evaluated in terms of induction of apoptosis. Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the anti proliferative effect of TD and 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-b-D-glucose (PGG), a pure compound isolated from TD on human mammary carcinoma cell line (MCF-7). Materials and Methods: Cell viability was studied using MTT analysis and trypan blue staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was studied using DAPI staining. The protein and mRNA expressions of pro-apoptotic and anti- apoptotic markers namely Bax, Bad, Bcl-2 and caspases were also assessed by Western Blotting and RT PCR. Results: Viability studies of TD and PGG treated MCF-7 cells showed an inhibition in cell growth in time and dose dependent manner. The alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential was restored through treatment with TD and PGG which was confirmed by DAPI staining. The protein and mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic markers was found to be significantly increased in TD and PGG treated cells with a concomitant decrease in anti-apoptotic markers. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that TD and PGG exhibit their anticancer effect through its membrane stabilizing property and activation of apoptotic cascade in MCF-7 cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title="apoptosis">apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mammary%20carcinoma" title=" mammary carcinoma"> mammary carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCF-7" title=" MCF-7"> MCF-7</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=penta%20galloyl%20glucose" title=" penta galloyl glucose"> penta galloyl glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tridham" title=" Tridham"> Tridham</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64265/anticancer-and-anti-apoptotic-potential-of-tridham-and-12346-penta-o-galloyl-v-d-glucose-in-mcf-7-breast-cancer-cell-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6096</span> Synergistic Cytotoxicity of Cisplatin and Taxol in Overcoming Taxol Resistance through the Inhibition of LDHA in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Feng">Lin Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ling-Ling%20E."> Ling-Ling E.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong-Chen%20Liu"> Hong-Chen Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of chemoresistance in patients represents a major challenge in cancer treatment. Lactate dehydrogenase‑A (LDHA) is one of the principle isoforms of LDH that is expressed in breast tissue, controlling the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and also playing a significant role in the metabolism of glucose. The aim of this study was to identify whether LDHA was involved in oral cancer cell resistance to Taxol and whether the downregulation of LDHA, as a result of cisplatin treatment, may overcome Taxol resistance in human oral squamous cells. The OECM‑1 oral epidermal carcinoma cell line was used, which has been widely used as a model of oral cancer in previous studies. The role of LDHA in Taxol and cisplatin resistance was investigated and the synergistic cytotoxicity of cisplatin and/or Taxol in oral squamous cells was analyzed. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay, LDHA expression was analyzed by western blot analysis and siRNA transfection was performed to knock down LDHA expression. The present study results showed that decreased levels of LDHA were responsible for the resistance of oral cancer cells to cisplatin (CDDP). CDDP treatments downregulated LDHA expression and lower levels of LDHA were detected in the CDDP‑resistant oral cancer cells compared with the CDDP‑sensitive cells. By contrast, the Taxol‑resistant cancer cells showed elevated LDHA expression levels. In addition, small interfering RNA‑knockdown of LDHA sensitized the cells to Taxol but desensitized them to CDDP treatment while exogenous expression of LDHA sensitized the cells to CDDP, but desensitized them to Taxol. The present study also revealed the synergistic cytotoxicity of CDDP and Taxol for killing oral cancer cells through the inhibition of LDHA. This study highlights LDHA as a novel therapeutic target for overcoming Taxol resistance in oral cancer patients using the combined treatments of Taxol and CDDP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cisplatin" title="cisplatin">cisplatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taxol" title=" Taxol"> Taxol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carcinoma" title=" carcinoma"> carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20squamous%20cells" title=" oral squamous cells"> oral squamous cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27921/synergistic-cytotoxicity-of-cisplatin-and-taxol-in-overcoming-taxol-resistance-through-the-inhibition-of-ldha-in-oral-squamous-cell-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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