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also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_I_van_Denemarke" title="Harald I van Denemarke – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Harald I van Denemarke" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AB" title="هارالد بلوتوث – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هارالد بلوتوث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Harold" title="I Harold – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="I Harold" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هارالد بلاتند – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هارالد بلاتند" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_1-s%C3%A8" title="Harald 1-sè – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Harald 1-sè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_I_%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8B" title="Харальд I Сінязубы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Харальд I Сінязубы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8B" title="Гаральд Сінязубы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гаральд Сінязубы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_I,_kralj_Danske" title="Harald I, kralj Danske – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Harald I, kralj Danske" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand" title="Harald Blåtand – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Harald Blåtand" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand" title="Harald Blåtand – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Harald Blåtand" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_I." title="Harald I. – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Harald I." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand" title="Harald Blåtand – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Harald Blåtand" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Blauzahn" title="Harald Blauzahn – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Harald Blauzahn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Sinihammas" title="Harald Sinihammas – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Harald Sinihammas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%91%CE%84_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Χάραλντ Α΄ της Δανίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χάραλντ Α΄ της Δανίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand" title="Harald Blåtand – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Harald Blåtand" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_la_1-a_(Danio)" title="Harald la 1-a (Danio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Harald la 1-a (Danio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand" title="Harald Blåtand – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Harald Blåtand" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هارالد بلاتند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هارالد بلاتند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haraldur_Bl%C3%A1tonn" title="Haraldur Blátonn – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Haraldur Blátonn" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_%C3%A0_la_Dent_bleue" title="Harald à la Dent bleue – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Harald à la Dent bleue" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arald_Gormfhiacail" title="Arald Gormfhiacail – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Arald Gormfhiacail" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%9E%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%B8%94%EB%9D%BC%ED%86%A4" title="하랄드 블라톤 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하랄드 블라톤" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Modrozubi" title="Harald Modrozubi – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Harald Modrozubi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_la_1ma_di_Dania" title="Harald la 1ma di Dania – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Harald la 1ma di Dania" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_I_dari_Denmark" title="Harald I dari Denmark – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Harald I dari Denmark" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haraldur_bl%C3%A1t%C3%B6nn" title="Haraldur blátönn – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Haraldur blátönn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aroldo_I_di_Danimarca" title="Aroldo I di Danimarca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aroldo I di Danimarca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9F,_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9A_%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A7" title="האראלד הראשון, מלך דנמרק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האראלד הראשון, מלך דנמרק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AF%E1%83%99%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="ჰარალდ ლურჯკბილა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰარალდ ლურჯკბილა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haralds_Zilzobis" title="Haralds Zilzobis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Haralds Zilzobis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haraldas_I_M%C4%97lyndantis" title="Haraldas I Mėlyndantis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Haraldas I Mėlyndantis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%B2ld_I_de_Danimarca" title="Aròld I de Danimarca – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Aròld I de Danimarca" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._Harald_d%C3%A1n_kir%C3%A1ly" title="I. Harald dán király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="I. Harald dán király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83" title="هارالد الاول ملك الدنمارك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هارالد الاول ملك الدنمارك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_I_van_Denemarken" title="Harald I van Denemarken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Harald I van Denemarken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AB1%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E7%8E%8B)" title="ハーラル1世 (デンマーク王) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハーラル1世 (デンマーク王)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_I._Bl%C3%A4tus" title="Harald I. Blätus – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Harald I. Blätus" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Bl%C3%A5tann" title="Harald Blåtann – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Harald Blåtann" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_I_av_Danmark" title="Harald I av Danmark – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Harald I av Danmark" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Sinoz%C4%99by" title="Harald Sinozęby – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Harald Sinozęby" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haroldo_I_da_Dinamarca" title="Haroldo I da Dinamarca – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Haroldo I da Dinamarca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_I_al_Danemarcei" title="Harald I al Danemarcei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Harald I al Danemarcei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_I_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Харальд I Синезубый – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Харальд I Синезубый" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_I._(D%C3%A1nsko)" title="Harald I. 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Harald Bluetooth</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:1200_Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand_anagoria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/1200_Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand_anagoria.jpg/220px-1200_Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand_anagoria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/1200_Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand_anagoria.jpg/330px-1200_Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand_anagoria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/1200_Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand_anagoria.jpg/440px-1200_Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand_anagoria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3117" data-file-height="3912" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Harald being <a href="/wiki/Baptize" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptize">baptized</a> by Poppo the monk, in a relief dated to c. 1200<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Denmark" title="Monarchy of Denmark">King of Denmark</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">c. 958 – c. 986</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gorm_the_Old" title="Gorm the Old">Gorm the Old</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn Forkbeard</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Norway" title="Monarchy of Norway">King of Norway</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">c. 970 – c. 985/986</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harald_Greycloak" title="Harald Greycloak">Harald Greycloak</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Tryggvason" title="Olaf Tryggvason">Olaf Tryggvason</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regent</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Haakon_Sigurdsson" title="Haakon Sigurdsson">Haakon Sigurdsson</a> (de facto ruler)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">985/986<br /><a href="/wiki/Jomsborg" title="Jomsborg">Jomsborg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Gunhild</li><li><a href="/wiki/Tove_of_the_Obotrites" title="Tove of the Obotrites">Tove</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gyrid_Olafsdottir" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyrid Olafsdottir">Gyrid Olafsdottir</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Kn%C3%BDtlinga" title="House of Knýtlinga">House of Gorm</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gorm_the_Old" title="Gorm the Old">Gorm the Old</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thyra" title="Thyra">Thyra</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chalcedonian_Christianity" title="Chalcedonian Christianity">Chalcedonian Christianity</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Harald</b> "<b>Bluetooth</b>" <b>Gormsson</b> (<a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Norse language">Old Norse</a>: <i lang="non">Haraldr Blátǫnn Gormsson</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a>: <i lang="da">Harald Blåtand Gormsen</i>, died c. 985/86) was a king of <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>. </p><p>He was the son of King <a href="/wiki/Gorm_the_Old" title="Gorm the Old">Gorm the Old</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Thyra" title="Thyra">Thyra</a> Dannebod. Harald ruled as <a href="/wiki/King_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Denmark">king of Denmark</a> from c. 958 – c. 986. Harald introduced <a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Christianization of Denmark">Christianity to Denmark</a> and consolidated his rule over most of <a href="/wiki/Jutland" title="Jutland">Jutland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zealand" title="Zealand">Zealand</a>. Harald's rule as <a href="/wiki/King_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Norway">king of Norway</a> following the assassination of King <a href="/wiki/Harald_II_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Harald II of Norway">Harald Greycloak</a> of Norway was more tenuous, most likely lasting for no more than a few years in the 970s. Some sources say his son <a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn Forkbeard</a> forcibly deposed him from his Danish throne before his death. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Curmsun_Disc_-_Obverse.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/The_Curmsun_Disc_-_Obverse.png/170px-The_Curmsun_Disc_-_Obverse.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/The_Curmsun_Disc_-_Obverse.png/255px-The_Curmsun_Disc_-_Obverse.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/The_Curmsun_Disc_-_Obverse.png/340px-The_Curmsun_Disc_-_Obverse.png 2x" data-file-width="1230" data-file-height="1240" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Curmsun_disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Curmsun disc">Curmsun disc</a> with "Harald" inscription (<i>Arald Curmsun</i>) at the top lines</figcaption></figure> <p>Harald's name is written as <a href="/wiki/Runic" class="mw-redirect" title="Runic">runic</a> <i>haraltr : kunukʀ</i> (ᚼᛅᚱᛅᛚᛏᚱ ᛬ ᚴᚢᚾᚢᚴᛦ) in the <a href="/wiki/Jelling_stone" class="mw-redirect" title="Jelling stone">Jelling stone</a> inscription. In normalized <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a>, this would correspond to <i>Haraldr konungr</i>, i.e. "Harald <a href="/wiki/Germanic_king" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic king">king</a>". The Latinized name as given in the medieval <a href="/wiki/Danish_chronicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish chronicles">Danish chronicles</a> is <i>Haraldus Gormonis filius</i> (Harald, Gorm's son). The given name <i>Haraldr</i> (also <i>Haralldr</i>) is the equivalent of Old English <i><a href="/wiki/Harold_(given_name)" title="Harold (given name)">Hereweald</a></i>, Old High German <i>Heriwald</i>, from <i>hari</i> "army" and <i>wald-</i> "rule".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harald's name is also inscribed on the so-called <a href="/wiki/Curmsun_disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Curmsun disc">Curmsun disc</a>, rediscovered in 2014 (but part of a Viking hoard previously discovered in 1841 in the crypt of the <a href="/wiki/Wiejkowo" title="Wiejkowo">Groß-Weckow</a> village church in <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pomerania_(1815%E2%80%931945)" title="Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)">Pomerania</a>, close to the Viking Age stronghold of <a href="/wiki/Jomsborg" title="Jomsborg">Jomsborg</a>), as <i>+ARALD CVRMSVN + REX AD TANER + SCON + JVMN + CIV ALDIN</i>, i.e. "Harald Gormson, king of <a href="/wiki/Danes_(Germanic_tribe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Danes (Germanic tribe)">Danes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jumne" class="mw-redirect" title="Jumne">Jumne</a>, [in] <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bishopric_of_Aldinburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bishopric of Aldinburg (page does not exist)">Bishopric of Aldinburg</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bistum_Oldenburg" class="extiw" title="de:Bistum Oldenburg">de</a>]</span>".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first documented appearance of Harald's nickname "Bluetooth" (as <i>blatan</i>; Old Norse <i>*blátǫnn</i>) is in the <i><a href="/wiki/Chronicon_Roskildense" title="Chronicon Roskildense">Chronicon Roskildense</a></i> (written c. 1140), alongside the alternative nickname <i>Clac Harald</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Clac Harald</i> appears to be a conflation of Harald Bluetooth with the legendary or semi-legendary <a href="/wiki/Harald_Klak" title="Harald Klak">Harald Klak</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Halfdan" class="mw-redirect" title="Halfdan">Halfdan</a>. The byname is given as <i>Blachtent</i> and explicitly glossed as "bluish or black tooth" (<i>dens lividus vel niger</i>) in a <a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_chronicles" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Danish chronicles">chronicle</a> of the late 12th century, <i>Wilhelmi abbatis regum Danorum genealogia</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">The traditional explanation</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (October 2023)">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> is that Harald must have had a conspicuous bad tooth that appeared "blue" (i.e. "black", as <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bl%C3%A1r#Old_Norse" class="extiw" title="wikt:blár">blár</a></i> "blue" <a href="/wiki/Blue%E2%80%93green_distinction_in_language#Germanic" title="Blue–green distinction in language">meant</a> "blue-black", or "dark-coloured"). Another explanation, proposed by <a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benito_Scocozza" class="extiw" title="no:Benito Scocozza">Scocozza</a> (1997), is that he was called "blue <a href="/wiki/Thegn" title="Thegn">thane</a>" (or "dark thane") in England (with Anglo-Saxon <i>thegn</i> corrupted to <i>tan</i> when the name came back into Old Norse).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Harald_bluetooth.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Harald_bluetooth.PNG/220px-Harald_bluetooth.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Harald_bluetooth.PNG/330px-Harald_bluetooth.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Harald_bluetooth.PNG/440px-Harald_bluetooth.PNG 2x" data-file-width="699" data-file-height="721" /></a><figcaption>Harald's kingdom (in red) and his vassals and allies (in yellow)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>During his reign, Harald oversaw the reconstruction of the Jelling runic stones, and numerous other public works. The most famous is fortifying the fortress of Aros (nowadays <a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a>) which was situated in a central position in his kingdom in the year 979. Some believe these projects were a way for him to consolidate economic and military control of his country and the main city. <a href="/wiki/Viking_ring_castles" class="mw-redirect" title="Viking ring castles">Ring forts</a> were built in five strategic locations with Aarhus perfectly in the middle: <a href="/wiki/Trelleborg_(Slagelse)" title="Trelleborg (Slagelse)">Trelleborg</a> on <a href="/wiki/Zealand" title="Zealand">Zealand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Borrering" class="mw-redirect" title="Borrering">Borrering</a> in eastern Zealand (the inner construction of this fort is still yet to be established), <a href="/wiki/Nonnebakken" title="Nonnebakken">Nonnebakken</a> on <a href="/wiki/Funen" title="Funen">Funen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fyrkat" title="Fyrkat">Fyrkat</a> in <a href="/wiki/Himmerland" title="Himmerland">Himmerland</a> (northern <a href="/wiki/Jutland" title="Jutland">Jutland</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Aggersborg" title="Aggersborg">Aggersborg</a> near <a href="/wiki/Limfjord" title="Limfjord">Limfjord</a>. All five fortresses had similar designs: "perfectly circular with gates opening to the four corners of the earth, and a courtyard divided into four areas which held large houses set in a square pattern."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A sixth <i>Trelleborg</i> of similar design, located at <a href="/wiki/Borgeby" class="mw-redirect" title="Borgeby">Borgeby</a>, in Scania, has been dated to about 1000 and may have been built by King Harald and a second fort named Trelleborg is located near the modern town of <a href="/wiki/Trelleborg" title="Trelleborg">Trelleborg</a> in Scania in present-day Sweden, but is of older date and thus pre-dates the reign of Harald Bluetooth.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>He constructed the oldest known bridge in southern Scandinavia, the 5-metre (16 ft) wide and 760-metre (2,490 ft) long <a href="/wiki/Ravning_Bridge" title="Ravning Bridge">Ravning Bridge</a> at Ravning meadows.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>While quiet prevailed throughout the interior, he turned his energies to foreign enterprises. He came to the help of <a href="/wiki/Richard_the_Fearless" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard the Fearless">Richard the Fearless</a> of Normandy in 945 and 963, while his son conquered <a href="/wiki/Sambia_Peninsula" title="Sambia Peninsula">Samland</a>, and after the assassination of King <a href="/wiki/Harald_II_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Harald II of Norway">Harald Greycloak</a> of Norway, managed to force the people of that country into temporary subjugation to himself. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Norse_saga" class="mw-redirect" title="Norse saga">Norse sagas</a> present Harald in a rather negative light. He was forced twice to submit to the renegade Swedish prince <a href="/wiki/Styrbj%C3%B6rn_the_Strong" title="Styrbjörn the Strong">Styrbjörn the Strong</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Jomsvikings" title="Jomsvikings">Jomsvikings</a>- first by giving Styrbjörn a fleet and his daughter <a href="/wiki/Tyri_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyri of Denmark">Thyra</a>, the second time by giving up himself as hostage, along with yet another fleet. When Styrbjörn brought this fleet to <a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a> to claim the throne of Sweden, Harald broke his oath and fled with his Danes to avoid facing the Swedish army at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_F%C3%BDrisvellir" title="Battle of Fýrisvellir">Battle of Fýrisvellir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Harald's_Rebellion"><span id="Harald.27s_Rebellion"></span>Harald's Rebellion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Harald's Rebellion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Danish_war_of_974" class="mw-redirect" title="German–Danish war of 974">German–Danish war of 974</a></div> <p>In the wake of <a href="/wiki/Otto_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto I">Otto I</a>'s death, Harald attacked Saxony in 973. <a href="/wiki/Otto_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto II">Otto II</a> counter-attacked Harald in 974, conquering Haithabu, Dannevirke and possibly large parts of Jutland.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harald regained some of the seized territory in 983 when Otto II was defeated by the Saracens.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a consequence of Harald's army having lost to the Germans at the <a href="/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke">Danevirke</a> in 974, he no longer had control of Norway, and Germans settled back into the border area between Scandinavia and Germany. They were driven out of Denmark in 983 by an alliance of <a href="/wiki/Obodrite" class="mw-redirect" title="Obodrite">Obodrite</a> soldiers and troops loyal to Harald, but soon after, Harald was killed fighting off a rebellion led by his son Sweyn. He is believed to have died in 986, although several accounts claim 985 as his year of death. According to <a href="/wiki/Adam_of_Bremen" title="Adam of Bremen">Adam of Bremen</a> he died in Jumne/<a href="/wiki/Jomsborg" title="Jomsborg">Jomsborg</a> from his wounds.<sup id="cite_ref-academia.edu_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-academia.edu-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His body was brought back to the Trinity Church in Roskilde where he was buried.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Curmsun Disc, found in Groß-Weckow, <a href="/wiki/Pomerania" title="Pomerania">Pomerania</a>, (after 1945 <a href="/wiki/Wiejkowo" title="Wiejkowo">Wiejkowo</a>) is inscribed with "ARALD CVRMSVN" (Harald Gormson), calling him, in abbreviated Latin, "king of Danes, Scania, <a href="/wiki/Jomsborg" title="Jomsborg">Jomsborg</a>, town of <a href="/wiki/Oldenburg_in_Holstein" title="Oldenburg in Holstein">Aldinburg</a>". Based on this, Swedish archaeologist Sven Rosborn has proposed that Harald is buried at the church there, close to Jomsborg, in what is now Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-academia.edu_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-academia.edu-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1835 to 1977, it was wrongly believed that Harald ordered the death of the <a href="/wiki/Haraldsk%C3%A6r_Woman" title="Haraldskær Woman">Haraldskær Woman</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Bog_body" title="Bog body">bog body</a> previously thought to be <a href="/wiki/Gunnhild,_Mother_of_Kings" title="Gunnhild, Mother of Kings">Gunnhild, Mother of Kings</a> until <a href="/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating" title="Radiocarbon dating">radiocarbon dating</a> proved otherwise.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hiddensee_treasure" title="Hiddensee treasure">Hiddensee treasure</a>, a large trove of gold objects, was found in 1873 on the German island of <a href="/wiki/Hiddensee" title="Hiddensee">Hiddensee</a> in the Baltic Sea. It is believed that these objects belonged to Harald's family.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harald introduced the first nationwide coinage in Denmark.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conversion_to_Christianity">Conversion to Christianity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Conversion to Christianity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>King Harald Bluetooth's <a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Scandinavia" title="Christianization of Scandinavia">conversion to Christianity</a> is a contested bit of history, not least because medieval writers such as <a href="/wiki/Widukind_of_Corvey" title="Widukind of Corvey">Widukind of Corvey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adam_of_Bremen" title="Adam of Bremen">Adam of Bremen</a> give conflicting accounts of how it came about. </p><p>Widukind of Corvey, writing during the lives of King Harald and <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto I</a> (ruled 962–973), claims that Harald was converted by a "cleric by the name of Poppa" who, when asked by Harald to prove his faith in Christ, carried a "great weight" of iron heated by a fire without being burned.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to 12th-century Danish historian <a href="/wiki/Saxo_Grammaticus" title="Saxo Grammaticus">Saxo Grammaticus</a> in his work <i><a href="/wiki/Gesta_Danorum" title="Gesta Danorum">Gesta Danorum</a></i>, Poppo performed his miracle for Harald's son <a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn Forkbeard</a> after Sweyn had second thoughts about his own baptism.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harald himself converted to Catholicism after a peace agreement with the Holy Roman Emperor (either Otto I or II).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Adam of Bremen, writing 100 years after King Harald's death in "History of the Archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen", finished in 1076, describes Harald being forcibly converted by <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto I</a>, after a defeat in battle.<sup id="cite_ref-Adam_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adam-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Widukind does not mention such an event in his contemporary <i><a href="/wiki/Res_gestae_saxonicae_sive_annalium_libri_tres" class="mw-redirect" title="Res gestae saxonicae sive annalium libri tres">Res gestae saxonicae sive annalium libri tres</a></i> or <i>Deeds of the Saxons</i>. Some 250 years after the event, the <i><a href="/wiki/Heimskringla" title="Heimskringla">Heimskringla</a></i> relates that Harald was converted with <a href="/wiki/Haakon_Sigurdsson" title="Haakon Sigurdsson">Earl Haakon</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Otto_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto II</a> (ruled 973 – 983).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A cleric named Poppa, perhaps the same one, also appears in Adam of Bremen's history, but in connection with <a href="/wiki/Eric_the_Victorious" title="Eric the Victorious">Eric of Sweden</a>, who had supposedly conquered Denmark (the fact that Eric conquered Denmark during the realm of Sweyn Forkbeard is explained by Saxo as a punishment of Sweyn's <a href="/wiki/Apostasy" title="Apostasy">apostasy</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The story of this otherwise unknown Poppo or Poppa's miracle and baptism of Harald is also depicted on the gilded altar piece in the Church of Tamdrup in Denmark (see image at top of this article). The altar itself dates to about 1200.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adam of Bremen's claim regarding Otto I and Harald appears to have been inspired by an attempt to manufacture a historical reason for the archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen to claim jurisdiction over Denmark (and thus the rest of Scandinavia); in the 1070s, the Danish king was in Rome asking for Denmark to have its own arch-bishop, and Adam's account of Harald's supposed conversion (and baptism of both him and his "little son" <a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn</a>, with Otto serving as Sweyn's godfather) is followed by the unambiguous claim that "At that time Denmark on this side of the sea, which is called Jutland by the inhabitants, was divided into three dioceses and subjected to the bishopric of Hamburg."<sup id="cite_ref-Adam_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adam-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As noted above, Harald's father, <a href="/wiki/Gorm_the_Old" title="Gorm the Old">Gorm the Old</a>, had died in 958, and had been buried in a mound with many goods, after the pagan practice. The mound itself was from c. 500 BCE, but Harald had it built higher over his father's grave, and added a second mound to the south. Mound-building was a newly revived custom in the 10th century, perceivably as an "appeal to old traditions in the face of Christian customs spreading from Denmark's southern neighbors, the Germans".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Runenstein_Blauzahn_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Runenstein_Blauzahn_2.jpg/220px-Runenstein_Blauzahn_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Runenstein_Blauzahn_2.jpg/330px-Runenstein_Blauzahn_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Runenstein_Blauzahn_2.jpg/440px-Runenstein_Blauzahn_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="947" data-file-height="765" /></a><figcaption>The larger <a href="/wiki/Jelling_stones" title="Jelling stones">Jelling stone</a>, showing the inscription concerning Harald</figcaption></figure> <p>After his conversion, around the 960s, Harald had his father's body reburied in the church next to the now empty mound.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had the Jelling stones erected to honour his parents.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The biography of Harald Bluetooth is summed up by this runic inscription from the Jelling stones: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>King Harald bade these memorials to be made after Gorm, his father, and Thyra, his mother. The Harald who won the whole of Denmark and Norway and turned the Danes to Christianity.</p></blockquote> <p>Harald undoubtedly professed Christianity at that time and contributed to its growth, but with limited success in Denmark and Norway.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriages_and_children">Marriages and children</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Marriages and children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spouses: </p> <ol><li>Gunhild</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tove_of_the_Obotrites" title="Tove of the Obotrites">Thora</a> (Tova) the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Mistivir" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistivir">Mistivir</a> in 970. She raised the <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8nder_Vissing_Runestone" title="Sønder Vissing Runestone">Sønder Vissing Runestone</a> after her mother.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyrid_Olafsdottir" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyrid Olafsdottir">Gyrid Olafsdottir</a></li></ol> <p>Children: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tyri_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyri of Denmark">Tyra of Denmark</a>, married <a href="/wiki/Styrbj%C3%B6rn_the_Strong" title="Styrbjörn the Strong">Styrbjörn the Strong</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn Forkbeard</a>. Born about 960. Usually given as the son of Harald and Gunhild, though it is said in some of the older sagas that he was an illegitimate son.</li> <li>Haakon. Born in 961(?).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunhilde" title="Gunhilde">Gunhilde</a>. She married <a href="/wiki/Pallig" title="Pallig">Pallig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jarl_(title)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jarl (title)">Jarl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ealdorman" title="Ealdorman">Ealdorman</a> of <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devonshire</a>. It is thought that they both died in the <a href="/wiki/St._Brice%27s_Day_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Brice's Day massacre">St. Brice's Day massacre</a> in November 1002.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bluetooth_technology">Bluetooth technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bluetooth technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bluetooth_FM_Color.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Bluetooth_FM_Color.png/110px-Bluetooth_FM_Color.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Bluetooth_FM_Color.png/165px-Bluetooth_FM_Color.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Bluetooth_FM_Color.png/220px-Bluetooth_FM_Color.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>The Bluetooth logo</figcaption></figure> <p>The Bluetooth wireless specification design was named after the king in 1997,<sup id="cite_ref-Kardach_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kardach-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> based on an analogy that the technology would unite devices the way Harald Bluetooth united the tribes of Denmark into a single kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EETimes_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EETimes-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bluetooth logo consists of a <a href="/wiki/Younger_Futhark" title="Younger Futhark">Younger Futhark</a> <a href="/wiki/Bind_rune" title="Bind rune">bind rune</a> for his initials, H (<a href="/wiki/Hagall" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagall">ᚼ</a>) and B (<a href="/wiki/Berkanan" title="Berkanan">ᛒ</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hagrold" title="Hagrold">Hagrold</a>, a 10th-century Danish Viking in Normandy, mentioned as a Danish king, who became conflated with Harald Bluetooth in a later historical account.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As set forth in <i>Heimskringla</i>, <i>Knytlinga Saga</i>, and other medieval Scandinavian sources.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Kunst_og_kultur/Arkitektur/Danske_kirker_T-T%C3%A5/Tamdrup_Kirke">"Tamdrup Kirke"</a>. <i>Den store danske</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140920220645/http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Kunst_og_kultur/Arkitektur/Danske_kirker_T-T%C3%A5/Tamdrup_Kirke">Archived</a> from the original on 20 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Den+store+danske&rft.atitle=Tamdrup+Kirke&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.denstoredanske.dk%2FKunst_og_kultur%2FArkitektur%2FDanske_kirker_T-T%25C3%25A5%2FTamdrup_Kirke&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Fagrskinna" title="Fagrskinna">Fagrskinna</a></i> ch. 7 (ed. <a href="/wiki/Finnur_J%C3%B3nsson" title="Finnur Jónsson">Finnur Jónsson</a> 1902–8, p. 31) <i>af Harallde Gormssyne</i> (dative), ch. 14 (p. 58) <i>við Haralld konong Gorms sun</i> (accusative).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Förstemann, <i>Altdeutsches Namenbuch</i> (1856), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/altdeutschesnam00frgoog#page/n338/mode/1up">631f.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSven_Rosborn" class="citation web cs1">Sven Rosborn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/9647410">"A unique object from Harald Bluetooth´s time. (2015)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170201085538/http://www.academia.edu/9647410/A_unique_object_from_Harald_Bluetooth_s_time._2015_">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+unique+object+from+Harald+Bluetooth%C2%B4s+time.+%282015%29&rft.au=Sven+Rosborn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F9647410&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Mortuo patre, [Haraldus] quinquaginta annos regnavit. Hic Christianus extitit cognomine Blatan sive Clac Harald.</i> ed. Langebek (1772) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AJdJAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA375">p. 375</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230414022811/https://books.google.com/books?id=AJdJAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA375">Archived</a> 14 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ed. Ludewig, <i>Reliquiæ Manuscriptorum</i>, vol. IX, 591–650: <i>Haraldus, hinc cognomento Blachtent, id est, dens lividus, vel niger</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scocozza, Benito (1997), Politikens bog om danske monarker, København: Politikens Forlag, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/87-567-5772-7" title="Special:BookSources/87-567-5772-7">87-567-5772-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fortehad, Oram and Pedersen, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_vEd859jvk0C">Viking Empires</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230405152116/https://books.google.com/books?id=_vEd859jvk0C">Archived</a> 5 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, Cambridge University Press (2005) p. 180. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-82992-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-82992-5">0-521-82992-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliamson2023" class="citation web cs1">Williamson, Jonathan (15 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thevikingherald.com/article/harald-bluetooth-gormsson-the-king-who-connected-kingdoms/617">"Harald Bluetooth Gormsson: The Viking king who connected kingdoms"</a>. <i>The Viking Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Viking+Herald&rft.atitle=Harald+Bluetooth+Gormsson%3A+The+Viking+king+who+connected+kingdoms&rft.date=2023-08-15&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthevikingherald.com%2Farticle%2Fharald-bluetooth-gormsson-the-king-who-connected-kingdoms%2F617&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBagge2009" class="citation book cs1">Bagge, Sverre (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt3fgk28"><i>Early state formation in Scandinavia</i></a>. Vol. 16. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. p. 148. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7001-6604-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-7001-6604-7"><bdi>978-3-7001-6604-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt3fgk28">j.ctt3fgk28</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210625003912/https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt3fgk28">Archived</a> from the original on 25 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+state+formation+in+Scandinavia&rft.pages=148&rft.pub=Austrian+Academy+of+Sciences+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt3fgk28%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-3-7001-6604-7&rft.aulast=Bagge&rft.aufirst=Sverre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt3fgk28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-academia.edu-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-academia.edu_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-academia.edu_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/9647410/A_unique_object_from_Harald_Bluetooth_s_time._2015_">Rosborn, Sven (2015) <i>A unique object from Harald Bluetooth´s time?</i> Malmö: Pilemedia, pp. 4–5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170201085538/http://www.academia.edu/9647410/A_unique_object_from_Harald_Bluetooth_s_time._2015_">Archived</a> 1 February 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> www.academia.edu</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkovgaard-Petersen2003" class="citation cs2">Skovgaard-Petersen, Inge (2003), Helle, Knut (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-history-of-scandinavia/making-of-the-danish-kingdom/BABD7AE993BEE083EC9483C8DBE4352E">"The making of the Danish kingdom"</a>, <i>The Cambridge History of Scandinavia: Volume 1: Prehistory to 1520</i>, Cambridge University Press, p. 176, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-47299-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-47299-9"><bdi>978-0-521-47299-9</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220108222656/https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-history-of-scandinavia/making-of-the-danish-kingdom/BABD7AE993BEE083EC9483C8DBE4352E">archived</a> from the original on 8 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Scandinavia%3A+Volume+1%3A+Prehistory+to+1520&rft.atitle=The+making+of+the+Danish+kingdom&rft.pages=176&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-521-47299-9&rft.aulast=Skovgaard-Petersen&rft.aufirst=Inge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fbooks%2Fcambridge-history-of-scandinavia%2Fmaking-of-the-danish-kingdom%2FBABD7AE993BEE083EC9483C8DBE4352E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonika_Scislowska2022" class="citation news cs1">Monika Scislowska (31 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810093648/https://www.startribune.com/is-danish-king-who-gave-name-to-bluetooth-buried-in-poland/600194497/">"Is Danish king who gave name to Bluetooth buried in Poland?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/StarTribune" class="mw-redirect" title="StarTribune">StarTribune</a></i>. AP. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.startribune.com/is-danish-king-who-gave-name-to-bluetooth-buried-in-poland/600194497/">the original</a> on 10 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=StarTribune&rft.atitle=Is+Danish+king+who+gave+name+to+Bluetooth+buried+in+Poland%3F&rft.date=2022-07-31&rft.au=Monika+Scislowska&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.startribune.com%2Fis-danish-king-who-gave-name-to-bluetooth-buried-in-poland%2F600194497%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videnskab.dk/kultur-samfund/har-svensk-arkaeolog-bevist-at-harald-blaatand-blev-begravet-med-kaempeskat-i-polen">"Har svensk arkæolog bevist, at Harald Blåtand blev begravet med kæmpeskat i Polen?"</a>. <i>videnskab.dk</i> (in Danish). 19 August 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220825115359/https://videnskab.dk/kultur-samfund/har-svensk-arkaeolog-bevist-at-harald-blaatand-blev-begravet-med-kaempeskat-i-polen">Archived</a> from the original on 25 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=videnskab.dk&rft.atitle=Har+svensk+ark%C3%A6olog+bevist%2C+at+Harald+Bl%C3%A5tand+blev+begravet+med+k%C3%A6mpeskat+i+Polen%3F&rft.date=2022-08-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvidenskab.dk%2Fkultur-samfund%2Fhar-svensk-arkaeolog-bevist-at-harald-blaatand-blev-begravet-med-kaempeskat-i-polen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeology.org/online/features/bog/gunhild.html">Haraldskaer Woman: Bodies of the Bogs</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070821184603/http://www.archaeology.org/online/features/bog/gunhild.html">Archived</a> 21 August 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_(magazine)" title="Archaeology (magazine)">Archaeology</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Institute_of_America" title="Archaeological Institute of America">Archaeological Institute of America</a>, 10 December 1997</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pontus Weman Tell (2016), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/29233334/The_Curmsun_Disc_-_Harald_Bluetooth_s_Golden_Seal"><i>The Curmsun Disc – Harald Bluetooth´s Golden Seal?</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181120115645/https://www.academia.edu/29233334/The_Curmsun_Disc_-_Harald_Bluetooth_s_Golden_Seal">Archived</a> 20 November 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> www.academia.edu</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoesgaard2015" class="citation book cs1">Moesgaard, Jens Christian (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nWnIsgEACAAJ"><i>King Harold's Cross Coinage: Christian Coins for the Merchants of Haithabu and the King's Soldiers</i></a>. University Press of Southern Denmark. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-87-7602-323-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-87-7602-323-2"><bdi>978-87-7602-323-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230414022818/https://books.google.com/books?id=nWnIsgEACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+Harold%27s+Cross+Coinage%3A+Christian+Coins+for+the+Merchants+of+Haithabu+and+the+King%27s+Soldiers&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Southern+Denmark&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-87-7602-323-2&rft.aulast=Moesgaard&rft.aufirst=Jens+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnWnIsgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Widukind, <i>Res gestae Saxonicae</i> 3.65, ed. Paul Hirsch and Hans-Eberhard Lohmann, MGH SS rer. <i>Germ. in usum scholarum</i> (Hanover, 1935), pp. 140–141. Translated from Latin by Anders Winroth, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZeeberg2000" class="citation book cs1">Zeeberg, Peter (2000). <i>Saxos Danmarkshistorie</i> (e-book ed.). Gads Forlag. pp. 924–925. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-87-12-04745-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-87-12-04745-2"><bdi>978-87-12-04745-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saxos+Danmarkshistorie&rft.pages=924-925&rft.edition=e-book&rft.pub=Gads+Forlag&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-87-12-04745-2&rft.aulast=Zeeberg&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZeeberg2000" class="citation book cs1">Zeeberg, Peter (2000). <i>Saxos Danmarkshistorie</i> (e-book ed.). 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Francis J. Tschan (New York, 2002), pp. 55–57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306020947/http://emotionalliteracyeducation.com/classic_books_online/hmskr10.htm">"Heimskringla"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emotionalliteracyeducation.com/classic_books_online/hmskr10.htm">the original</a> on 6 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heimskringla&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Femotionalliteracyeducation.com%2Fclassic_books_online%2Fhmskr10.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam of Bremen, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4XfoxDEcIcgC&pg=PP1">History of the Archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230414022830/https://books.google.com/books?id=4XfoxDEcIcgC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> 14 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, trans. Francis J. Tschan (New York, 2002), pp. 77–78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZeeberg2000" class="citation book cs1">Zeeberg, Peter (2000). <i>Saxos Danmarkshistorie</i> (e-book ed.). Gads Forlag. p. 1100. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-87-12-04745-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-87-12-04745-2"><bdi>978-87-12-04745-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saxos+Danmarkshistorie&rft.pages=1100&rft.edition=e-book&rft.pub=Gads+Forlag&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-87-12-04745-2&rft.aulast=Zeeberg&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anders Winroth, <i>Viking Sources in Translation</i>, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anders Winroth, Viking Sources in Translation, in text drawing on a caption by Anders Winroth in Barbara Rosenwein, <i>Reading the Middle Ages</i>, (Peterborough, Ontario, 2006). p. 266.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRose" class="citation web cs1">Rose, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.archaeology.org/0011/newsbriefs/gorm.html">"Gorm the Old Goes Home"</a>. <i>Archaeology</i>. Archaeological Institute of America. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221109135826/https://archive.archaeology.org/0011/newsbriefs/gorm.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archaeology&rft.atitle=Gorm+the+Old+Goes+Home&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.archaeology.org%2F0011%2Fnewsbriefs%2Fgorm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. Michael Hogan, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=17683">"Jelling Stones"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303202614/http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=17683">Archived</a> 3 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Megalithic Portal, editor Andy Burnham</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLatourette1975" class="citation book cs1">Latourette, Kenneth Scott (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q4pzuXCiDdYC"><i>A History of Christianity</i></a>. New York: HarperCollins. p. 87. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-064952-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-064952-6"><bdi>0-06-064952-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230414022829/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q4pzuXCiDdYC">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Christianity&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=87&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-06-064952-6&rft.aulast=Latourette&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ4pzuXCiDdYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kardach-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kardach_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKardach2008" class="citation news cs1">Kardach, Jim (3 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1269737&page_number=1">"Tech History: How Bluetooth got its name"</a>. <i>EE Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006084549/http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1269737&page_number=1">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EE+Times&rft.atitle=Tech+History%3A+How+Bluetooth+got+its+name&rft.date=2008-05-03&rft.aulast=Kardach&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eetimes.com%2Fdocument.asp%3Fdoc_id%3D1269737%26page_number%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/2061288/so-thats-why-its-called-bluetooth-and-other-surprising-tech-name-origins.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'So, that's why it's called Bluetooth!' and other surprising tech name origins"</a>. <i>PCWorld</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170806043904/http://www.pcworld.com/article/2061288/so-thats-why-its-called-bluetooth-and-other-surprising-tech-name-origins.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PCWorld&rft.atitle=%27So%2C+that%27s+why+it%27s+called+Bluetooth%21%27+and+other+surprising+tech+name+origins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcworld.com%2Farticle%2F2061288%2Fso-thats-why-its-called-bluetooth-and-other-surprising-tech-name-origins.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EETimes-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EETimes_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKardach2008" class="citation news cs1">Kardach, Jim (5 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120618043909/http://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/4182202/Tech-History-How-Bluetooth-got-its-name">"Tech History: How Bluetooth got its name"</a>. <i>eetimes</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/4182202/Tech-History-How-Bluetooth-got-its-name">the original</a> on 18 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=eetimes&rft.atitle=Tech+History%3A+How+Bluetooth+got+its+name&rft.date=2008-03-05&rft.aulast=Kardach&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eetimes.com%2Felectronics-news%2F4182202%2FTech-History-How-Bluetooth-got-its-name&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForsyth,_Mark2011" class="citation book cs1">Forsyth, Mark (2011). <i>The Etymologicon</i>. London N79DP: Icon Books Ltd. p. 139.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Etymologicon&rft.place=London+N79DP&rft.pages=139&rft.pub=Icon+Books+Ltd.&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Forsyth%2C+Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHarald+Bluetooth" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The story behind how Bluetooth® technology got its name, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.bluetooth.com/about-us/bluetooth-origin/">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201228185749/https://www.bluetooth.com/about-us/bluetooth-origin/">Archived</a> 28 December 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> .</span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><i>This article incorporates text from the 1913 </i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a><i> article "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07141b.htm">Harold Bluetooth</a>" by Pius Wittmann, a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (February 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Bluetooth&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Harald_Bl%C3%A5tand" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Harald Blåtand">Harald Blåtand</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pase.ac.uk/jsp/persons/CreatePersonFrames.jsp?personKey=8854">Harold 2</a> at <a href="/wiki/Prosopography_of_Anglo-Saxon_England" title="Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England">Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Gorm_the_Old" title="Gorm the Old">Gorm the Old</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Denmark">King of Denmark</a> </b><br />958–985/986 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn Forkbeard</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harald_Greycloak" title="Harald Greycloak">Harald Greycloak</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Norway">King of Norway</a> </b><br />970–985/986 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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id="Monarchs_of_Denmark" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_monarchs" title="List of Danish monarchs">Monarchs of Denmark</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Kn%C3%BDtlinga" title="House of Knýtlinga">Knýtlinga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="c._916_–_1042" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 916 – 1042</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harthacnut_I_of_Denmark" title="Harthacnut I of Denmark">Сanute I</a> (Harthacnut)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorm_the_Old" title="Gorm the Old">Gorm the Old</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Harald I Bluetooth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn I</a></i><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_II_of_Denmark" title="Harald II of Denmark">Harald II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cnut" title="Cnut">Canute II</a></i><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harthacnut" title="Harthacnut">Canute III</a> (Harthacanute)<sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg/120px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg/180px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg/240px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="1177" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Fairhair_dynasty" title="Fairhair dynasty">Fairhair</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1042–1047" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1042–1047</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Magnus_the_Good" title="Magnus the Good">Magnus the Good</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Estridsen" title="House of Estridsen">Estridsen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1047–1375" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1047–1375</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_II_of_Denmark" title="Sweyn II of Denmark">Sweyn II Estridsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Hen" title="Harald Hen">Harald III Hen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canute_IV_of_Denmark" title="Canute IV of Denmark">Canute IV the Saint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_I_of_Denmark" title="Olaf I of Denmark">Olaf I Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_I_of_Denmark" title="Eric I of Denmark">Eric I Evergood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels,_King_of_Denmark" title="Niels, King of Denmark">Niels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_II_of_Denmark" title="Eric II of Denmark">Eric II the Memorable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_III_of_Denmark" title="Eric III of Denmark">Eric III Lamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_III_of_Denmark" title="Sweyn III of Denmark">Sweyn III Grathe</a> / <a href="/wiki/Canute_V_of_Denmark" title="Canute V of Denmark">Canute V</a> / <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_I_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar I of Denmark">Valdemar I the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canute_VI_of_Denmark" title="Canute VI of Denmark">Canute VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdemar_II_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar II of Denmark">Valdemar II the Victorious</a> / <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_the_Young" title="Valdemar the Young">Valdemar the Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_IV_of_Denmark" title="Eric IV of Denmark">Eric IV Plough-tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel,_King_of_Denmark" title="Abel, King of Denmark">Abel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_I_of_Denmark" title="Christopher I of Denmark">Christopher I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_V_of_Denmark" title="Eric V of Denmark">Eric V Klipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_VI_of_Denmark" title="Eric VI of Denmark">Eric VI Menved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_II_of_Denmark" title="Christopher II of Denmark">Christopher II</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_Christoffersen_of_Denmark" title="Eric Christoffersen of Denmark">Eric Christoffersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdemar_III_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar III of Denmark">Valdemar III</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#999">Interregnum</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdemar_IV_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar IV of Denmark">Valdemar IV Atterdag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bj%C3%A4lbo" title="House of Bjälbo">Bjälbo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1376–1387" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1376–1387</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Olaf_II_of_Denmark" title="Olaf II of Denmark">Olaf II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Estridsen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1376–1412" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1376–1412</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Margaret_I_of_Denmark" title="Margaret I of Denmark">Margrethe I</a></i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Pomerania" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Pomerania">Pomerania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1397–1439" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1397–1439</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eric_of_Pomerania" title="Eric of Pomerania">Eric VII of Pomerania</a></i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Palatinate-Neumarkt" title="House of Palatinate-Neumarkt">Palatinate-Neumarkt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1440–1448" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1440–1448</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christopher_of_Bavaria" title="Christopher of Bavaria">Christopher III of Bavaria</a></i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Oldenburg" title="House of Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><b>Senior branch</b><br />1448–1863</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_I_of_Denmark" title="Christian I of Denmark">Christian I</a></i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John</a></i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_II_of_Denmark" title="Christian II of Denmark">Christian II</a></i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III_of_Denmark" title="Frederick III of Denmark">Frederick III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">Christian V</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV_of_Denmark" title="Frederick IV of Denmark">Frederick IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_VI_of_Denmark" title="Christian VI of Denmark">Christian VI</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_V_of_Denmark" title="Frederick V of Denmark">Frederick V</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_VII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VII of Denmark">Christian VII</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">Frederick VI</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VIII of Denmark">Christian VIII</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VII_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VII of Denmark">Frederick VII</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Gl%C3%BCcksburg" title="House of Glücksburg">Glücksburg</a></b><br />since 1863</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_IX_of_Denmark" title="Christian IX of Denmark">Christian IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VIII of Denmark">Frederick VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_X_of_Denmark" title="Christian X of Denmark">Christian X</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_IX" title="Frederik IX">Frederik IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margrethe_II" title="Margrethe II">Margrethe II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_X" title="Frederik X">Frederik X</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicates Danish monarchs who were also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_monarchs" title="List of Norwegian monarchs">monarchs of Norway</a>.</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_monarchs" title="List of English monarchs">monarch of England</a>.</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_monarchs" title="List of Swedish monarchs">monarch of Sweden</a>.</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Icelandic_monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Icelandic monarchs">monarch of Iceland</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_Norway" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Norway" title="Template:Monarchs of Norway"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_Norway" title="Template talk:Monarchs of Norway"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_Norway" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of Norway"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Norway" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_monarchs" title="List of Norwegian monarchs">Monarchs of</a> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway_(872%E2%80%931397)" title="Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)">I. Independent Norway</a><br /><br /><small>Foreign and non-royal<br /> rulers in <i>italics</i>, disputed<br /> monarchs in brackets</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="872–1387" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">872–1387</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Fairhair" title="Harald Fairhair">Harald I Fairhair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Bloodaxe" title="Eric Bloodaxe">Eric I Bloodaxe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_the_Good" title="Haakon the Good">Haakon I the Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Greycloak" title="Harald Greycloak">Harald II Greycloak</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Harald Bluetooth</a></i> <sup><small>d</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Haakon_Sigurdsson" title="Haakon Sigurdsson">Haakon Sigurdsson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Tryggvason" title="Olaf Tryggvason">Olaf I Tryggvason</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn Forkbeard</a></i> <sup><small>de</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Eir%C3%ADkr_H%C3%A1konarson" title="Eiríkr Hákonarson">Eiríkr Hákonarson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Haakonsson" title="Sweyn Haakonsson">Sweyn Haakonsson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_II_of_Norway" title="Olaf II of Norway">Olaf II the Saint</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cnut" title="Cnut">Cnut</a></i> <sup><small>de</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Haakon_Ericsson" title="Haakon Ericsson">Haakon Ericsson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Svein_Knutsson" title="Svein Knutsson">Sweyn Knutsson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup> (<i><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfgifu_of_Northampton" title="Ælfgifu of Northampton">Ælfgifu</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_the_Good" title="Magnus the Good">Magnus I the Good</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Hardrada" title="Harald Hardrada">Harald III Hardrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_II_of_Norway" title="Magnus II of Norway">Magnus II Haraldsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_III_of_Norway" title="Olaf III of Norway">Olaf III Kyrre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_Toresfostre" title="Haakon Toresfostre">Haakon Toresfostre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Barefoot" title="Magnus Barefoot">Magnus III Barefoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_Magnusson_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Olav Magnusson of Norway">Olav Magnusson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eystein_I_of_Norway" title="Eystein I of Norway">Eystein I Magnusson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigurd_the_Crusader" title="Sigurd the Crusader">Sigurd I the Crusader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Gille" title="Harald Gille">Harald IV Gille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Sigurdsson" title="Magnus Sigurdsson">Magnus IV the Blind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigurd_II" title="Sigurd II">Sigurd II Munn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inge_Haraldsson" title="Inge Haraldsson">Inge I Haraldsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eystein_II_of_Norway" title="Eystein II of Norway">Eystein II Haraldsson</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Magnus_Haraldsson_(son_of_Harald_Gille)" title="Magnus Haraldsson (son of Harald Gille)">Magnus Haraldsson</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_II" title="Haakon II">Haakon II Broadshoulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_V_of_Norway" title="Magnus V of Norway">Magnus V Erlingsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverre_of_Norway" title="Sverre of Norway">Sverre Sigurdsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_III_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Haakon III of Norway">Haakon III Sverresson</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Guttorm_of_Norway" title="Guttorm of Norway">Guttorm Sigurdsson</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inge_B%C3%A5rdsson" title="Inge Bårdsson">Inge II Bårdsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_IV" title="Haakon IV">Haakon IV Haakonsson</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Haakon_the_Young" title="Haakon the Young">Haakon the Young</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnus VI">Magnus VI the Law-mender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_II_of_Norway" title="Eric II of Norway">Eric II Magnusson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_V" title="Haakon V">Haakon V Magnusson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Eriksson" title="Magnus Eriksson">Magnus VII Ericsson</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_VI" title="Haakon VI">Haakon VI Magnusson</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_II_of_Denmark" title="Olaf II of Denmark">Olaf IV Haakonsson</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1387–1523" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">1387–1523</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_I_of_Denmark" title="Margaret I of Denmark">Margaret</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_of_Pomerania" title="Eric of Pomerania">Eric III</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_of_Bavaria" title="Christopher of Bavaria">Christopher</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karl_Knutsson" title="Karl Knutsson">Charles I</a></i> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_I_of_Denmark" title="Christian I of Denmark">Christian I</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_II_of_Denmark" title="Christian II of Denmark">Christian II</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1524–1814" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">1524–1814</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick I</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III_of_Denmark" title="Frederick III of Denmark">Frederick III</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">Christian V</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV_of_Denmark" title="Frederick IV of Denmark">Frederick IV</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VI_of_Denmark" title="Christian VI of Denmark">Christian VI</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_V_of_Denmark" title="Frederick V of Denmark">Frederick V</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VII of Denmark">Christian VII</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">Frederick VI</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway_(1814)" title="Kingdom of Norway (1814)">II. Independent Norway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1814" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">1814</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VIII of Denmark">Christian Frederick</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway" title="Union between Sweden and Norway">Union with Sweden</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1814–1905" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">1814–1905</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIII" title="Charles XIII">Charles II</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIV_John" title="Charles XIV John">Charles III John</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_I_of_Sweden" title="Oscar I of Sweden">Oscar I</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XV" title="Charles XV">Charles IV</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_II" title="Oscar II">Oscar II</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">III. Independent Norway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Since_1905" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">Since 1905</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_VII" title="Haakon VII">Haakon VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_V" title="Olav V">Olav V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_V" title="Harald V">Harald V</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>r</small></sup></span> Regent</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>d</small></sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_monarchs" title="List of Danish monarchs">Danish monarch</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>e</small></sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_monarchs" title="List of English monarchs">English monarch</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>s</small></sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_monarchs" title="List of Swedish monarchs">Swedish monarch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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