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japonica</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Coturnix japonica"> <meta name="keywords" content="Coturnix japonica"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Coturnix japonica"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 30</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Coturnix japonica</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Impact of Coccidia on Mortality and Weight Growth in Japanese Quail Coturnix japonica (Aves, Phasianidae) in Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Smai">Amina Smai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fairouz%20Haddadj"> Fairouz Haddadj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habiba%20Saadi-Idouhar"> Habiba Saadi-Idouhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meriem%20Aissi"> Meriem Aissi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safia%20Zenia"> Safia Zenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salaheddine%20Doumandji"> Salaheddine Doumandji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coccidiosis is a very common intestinal parasitic disease caused by a worldwide distributed protozoan of the genus Eimeria. This disease is very common in young birds beyond the second week of life, especially in land-based breeding. The study was carried out in a hunting center of Zeralda located in the north-east of Algiers. The objective of our work is to study the evolution of coccidiosis in quails from 1 to 35 days old by collecting their droppings daily. These are analyzed in the laboratory using the flotation method and the Mac Master one to count coccidia. Weight changes are taken into account as well as mortality in parallel with certain zootechnical parameters such as density. The species of coccidia recovered is Eimeria coturnicis. The results showed that there is an average evolution of mortality of individuals with a rate of 13.33% due to the presence of coccidia with a significant regression (p=0.031). The weight of the quails increases with the age of the animal with a rapid growth rate from the 3rd week onwards. Indeed, the statistical analysis reveals that the evolution of the number did not affect the evolution of the weight (p=0.70) and the GMQ (R=0.52). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coccidiosis" title="coccidiosis">coccidiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coturnix%20japonica" title=" Coturnix japonica"> Coturnix japonica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=daily%20average%20gain" title=" daily average gain"> daily average gain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight" title=" weight"> weight</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101063/impact-of-coccidia-on-mortality-and-weight-growth-in-japanese-quail-coturnix-japonica-aves-phasianidae-in-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Effects of Vitamin C and Spondias mombin Supplementation on Hematology, Growth, Egg Production Traits, and Eggshell Quality in Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in a Hot-Humid Tropics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20O.%20Oyebanji">B. O. Oyebanji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20O.%20Dudusola"> I. O. Dudusola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20T.%20Ademola"> C. T. Ademola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Olaniyan"> S. A. Olaniyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A 56 day study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of Spondias mombin on hematological, growth, egg parameters and egg shell quality of Japanese quails, Cortunix cortunix japonica. One hundred birds were used for this study, and they were allocated randomly into 5 groups and replicated twice. Group 1 animals served as control without inclusion of extract, groups 2, 3, and 4 had 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg inclusion of SM, group 5 had 600 mg/kg of vitamin C respectively. The birds were weighed weekly to determine weight change, the blood parameters analyzed at the completion of the experiment were PCV, Hb, RBC WBC, differential WBC count, MCH, MCH, and MCV were afterwards calculated from these parameters. 5 eggs were collected from each group and egg weight, eggshell weight, eggshell diameter, yolk weight, albumen weight, yolk diameter, yolk height, albumen percentage, yolk percentage and shell percentage were determined. There was no significant difference among the group for the hematological parameters measured and calculated. The egg weight and albumen weight of quails on 800 mg/kg was highest of all the groups, all other egg parameters measured showed no significant difference. The birds supplemented with Vitamin C had the highest weight gain (40.8±2.5 g) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (2.25). There was no mortality recorded in all the groups except in the SM800 group with 10% mortality. It can be concluded from this experiment that Vitamin C supplementation has positive effect on quail production in humid tropics and the inclusion of Spondias mombin leaf extract has a dose-dependent toxicity in quails. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematology" title="hematology">hematology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quails" title=" quails"> quails</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spondias%20mombin" title=" Spondias mombin"> Spondias mombin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20C" title=" vitamin C "> vitamin C </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41253/effects-of-vitamin-c-and-spondias-mombin-supplementation-on-hematology-growth-egg-production-traits-and-eggshell-quality-in-japanese-quails-coturnix-coturnix-japonica-in-a-hot-humid-tropics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Enhancement of Seed Longevity in Japonica Rice Cultivars Using Weed Rice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Hyeon%20Cho">Jun-Hyeon Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Yoon%20Lee"> Ji-Yoon Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Bo%20Sohn"> Young-Bo Sohn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Jin%20Shin"> Dong-Jin Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=You-Chun%20Song"> You-Chun Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Soo%20Park"> Dong-Soo Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Hee%20Nam"> Min-Hee Nam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Up%20Kwon"> Young-Up Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Seed germination is a main factor in japonica rice cultivation. For japonica strains unlike indica lines, fast loss of germination ability during storage leads to risk of seeding and deterioration in the quality. To resolve these problems, germplasms screening for longevity was conducted using six days of compulsory aging stress of high temperature (50℃) and humidity (~95% RH). ‘Dharial’, a weedy rice collected in Bangladesh, was chosen as a source of seed longevity for long term storage. The strong germination trait originated from ‘Dharial’ was incorporated into Korean elite japonica cultivars, ‘Ilmi’ and ‘Gopum’, through backcross method. The germination ratio was evaluated after two years of room temperature storage conditions. A high germination ratio of 80.5% in donor plant of ‘Dharial’ and 77.3% in an introgression line were observed based on the two years of storage while the recurrent japonica cultivars, ‘Ilmi’ and ‘Gopum’, were failed in germination. As a result, we investigated the changes of quality affected by germination ability during storage. A gentle slope of palatability which is one of the measurement items for indirect selection indicator of high eating quality in japonica varieties was studied in a high germination ratio introgression line during storage. The introgression line could be useful to increase longevity and quality of japonica rice seed if molecular breeding strategy such as QTLs analysis is combined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice" title="rice">rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longevity" title=" longevity"> longevity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage" title=" storage"> storage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26920/enhancement-of-seed-longevity-in-japonica-rice-cultivars-using-weed-rice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Prevalence and Pathomorphological Study of Natural Coccidiosis in Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khordadmehr">M. Khordadmehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20R.%20Ranjbar"> V. R. Ranjbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Norouzi"> R. Norouzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zeinoddin"> M. Zeinoddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coccidiosis is recognized as a serious parasitic disease problem limiting quail industry recently. But the data on incidence, clinical signs, species of coccidia and pathological changes in Japanese quail are rare, especially in Iran in spite of the significant improvement of commercial quail breeding in this country in recent decades. Therefore, in the present paper was studied natural infection of quail coccidiosis in three commercial rearing farms with 80% morbidity and 3% mortality rate. For this purpose, fecal sample, oocyst examination, and morphological study were performed beside necropsy, histopathology, and PCR to confirm the diagnosis. In the affected birds, clinical signs included brown diarrhea, weakness, and pale face. In the fecal examination, three species of the genus Eimeria were identified including E. uzura, E. bateri, and E. tsunodai. At necropsy, the main gross lesions were edema, congestion and small blood spots in the small intestine. In histopathologic examination, endogenous stages of the parasites associated with hyperplasia of the intestinal glands, mild congestion, infiltration of mononuclear cells, and edema were observed in the intestine. The molecular study using BSEF and BSER specific primers confirmed the presence of the genus Eimeria in the affected birds. Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis showed relatively high bootstrap values in Japanese quail Eimeria with E. acervuline and E. maxima strains in the chicken. The present study is the first phylogenetic findings on Eimeria of quail which could be valuable for further research on Japanese quail coccidiosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coccidiosis" title="coccidiosis">coccidiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese%20Quail" title=" Japanese Quail"> Japanese Quail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathomorphology" title=" pathomorphology"> pathomorphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogenetic%20analysis" title=" phylogenetic analysis"> phylogenetic analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85394/prevalence-and-pathomorphological-study-of-natural-coccidiosis-in-japanese-quails-coturnix-coturnix-japonica-in-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Effects of Cellular Insulin Receptor Stimulators with Alkaline Water on Performance, some Blood Parameters and Hatchability in Breeding Japanese Quail</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20G%C3%B6%C3%A7men">Rabia Göçmen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCl%C5%9Fah%20Kanbur"> Gülşah Kanbur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinan%20Sefa%20Parlat"> Sinan Sefa Parlat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, in the breeding Japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica), it was aimed to study the effects of cellular insulin receptor stimulation on the performance, some blood parameters, and hatchability features. In the study, a total of 84 breeding quails were used, which are in 6 weeks age, and whose 24 are male and 60 female. In the trial, rations which contain 2900 kcal/kg metabolic energy; crude protein of 20%, and water whose pH is calibrated to 7.45 were administered as ad-libitum, to the animals, as metformin source, metformin-HCl was used and as chrome resource, Chromium Picolinate. Trial groups were formed as control group (basal ration), metformin group (basal ration, added metformin at the level of fodder of 20 mg/kg), and chromium picolinate group (basal ration, added fodder of 1500 ppb Cr. When regarded to the results of performance at the end of trial, it is seen that live weight gain, fodder consumption, egg weight, fodder evaluation coefficient, and egg production were affected at the significant level (p < 0.05). When the results are evaluated in terms of incubation features at the end of trial, it was identified that incubation yield and hatchability are not affected by the treatments but in the groups, in which metformin and chromium picolinate are added to ration, that fertility rose at the significant level compared to control group (p < 0,05). According to the results of blood parameters and hormone at the end of the trial, while the level of plasma glucose level was not affected by treatments (p > 0.05), with the addition of metformin and chromium picolinate to ration, plasma, total control, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglyceride levels were significantly affected from insulin receptor stimulators added to ration (p<0,05). Hormone level of Plasma T3 and T4 were also affected at the significant level from insulin receptor stimulators added to ration (p < 0,05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholesterol" title="cholesterol">cholesterol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromium%20picolinate" title=" chromium picolinate"> chromium picolinate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone" title=" hormone"> hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metformin" title=" metformin"> metformin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quail" title=" quail"> quail</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54678/effects-of-cellular-insulin-receptor-stimulators-with-alkaline-water-on-performance-some-blood-parameters-and-hatchability-in-breeding-japanese-quail" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54678.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Roles of Aquatic Plants on Erosion Relief of Stream Bed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Hong%20Kim">Jin-Hong Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Roles of the vegetation to mitigate the erosion of the stream bed or to facilitate the deposition of the fine sediments by the species of the aquatic plants were presented. Field investigation on the estimation of the change of the bed level and the estimation of the flow characteristics were performed. The results showed that Phragmites japonica has the mitigation function of 0.3m-0.4m of the erosion in the range of higher than 1.0m/s of flow velocity at the vegetated region. Phragmites communis has the mitigation function of 0.2m-0.3m of the erosion in the range of higher than 0.7m/s of flow velocity at the vegetated region. Salix gracilistyla has greater role than Phragmites japonica and Phragmites communis to sustain the stable channel. It has the mitigation function of 0.4m-0.5m of the erosion in the range of higher than 1.4m/s of flow velocity. Miscanthus sacchariflorus has a weak role compared with that of Phragmites japonica and Salix gracilistyla, but it has still function for sustaining the stable bed. From these results, the vegetation has effective roles to mitigate the erosion or to facilitate the deposition of the stream bed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20plants" title="aquatic plants">aquatic plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phragmites%20japonica" title=" Phragmites japonica"> Phragmites japonica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phragmites%20communis" title=" Phragmites communis"> Phragmites communis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salix%20gracilistyla" title=" Salix gracilistyla"> Salix gracilistyla</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24518/roles-of-aquatic-plants-on-erosion-relief-of-stream-bed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Neutral Sugars in Two-Step Hydrolysis of Laurel-Leaved and Cryptomeria japonica Forests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayuko%20Itsuki">Ayuko Itsuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachiyo%20Aburatani"> Sachiyo Aburatani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil neutral sugar contents in Kasuga-yama Hill Primeval Forest, which is a World Heritage Site in Nara, Japan consisting of lowland laurel-leaved forest where natural conditions have been preserved for more than 1,000 years, were examined using the two-step hydrolysis to clarify the source of the neutral sugar and relations with the neutral sugar constituted the soil organic matter and the microbial biomass. Samples were selected from the soil (L, F, H and A horizons) surrounding laurel-leaved (BB-1) and Carpinus japonica (BB-2 and PW) trees for analysis. The neutral sugars were one factor of increasing the fungal and bacterial biomass in the laurel-leaved forest soil (BB-1). The more neutral sugar contents in the Cryptomeria japonica forest soil (PW) contributed to the growth of the bacteria and fungi than those of in the Cryptomeria japonica forest soil (BB-2). The neutral sugars had higher correlation with the numbers of bacteria and fungi counted by the dilution plate count method than by the direct microscopic count method. The numbers of fungi had higher correlation with those of bacteria by the dilution plate method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20soil" title="forest soil">forest soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutral%20sugars" title=" neutral sugars"> neutral sugars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20organic%20matter" title=" soil organic matter"> soil organic matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-step%20hydrolysis" title=" two-step hydrolysis"> two-step hydrolysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61994/neutral-sugars-in-two-step-hydrolysis-of-laurel-leaved-and-cryptomeria-japonica-forests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Influence of Pseudomonas japonica on Growth and Metal Tolerance of Celosia cristata L.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Umair%20Mushtaq">Muhammad Umair Mushtaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ameena%20Iqbal"> Ameena Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Aqib%20Hassan%20Ali%20Khan"> Muhammad Aqib Hassan Ali Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismat%20Nawaz"> Ismat Nawaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohail%20Yousaf"> Sohail Yousaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mazhar%20Iqbal"> Mazhar Iqbal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy metals are one of the priority pollutants as they pose serious health and environmental threats. They can be removed by various physiochemical methods but are costly and responsible for additional environmental problems. Bioremediation that exploits plants and their associated microbes have been referred as cost effective and environmental friendly technique. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to evaluate the potential of Celosia cristata and effects of bacteria, Pseudomonas japonica, and organic amendment moss/compost on tolerating/accumulating heavy metals. Two weeks old seedlings were transferred to soil in pots, and after four weeks they were inoculated with bacterial strain, while after growth of six weeks they were watered with a metal containing synthetic wastewater and were harvested after a growth period of nine weeks. After harvesting, morphological and physiological parameters and metal content of plants were measured. The results showed highest plant growth and biomass production in case of organic amendments while highest metal uptake has been found in non-amended pots. Positive controls have shown highest Pb uptake of 2900 mg/kg DW, while P. japonica amended pots have shown highest Cd, Cr, Ni and Cu uptake of 963.53, 1481.17, 1022.01 and 602.17 mg/kg DW, respectively. In conclusion organic amendments have strong impacts on growth enhancement while P. japonica enhances metal translocation and accumulation to aerial parts with little significant involvement in plant growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ornamental%20plants" title="ornamental plants">ornamental plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20microbe%20interaction" title=" plant microbe interaction"> plant microbe interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amendments" title=" amendments"> amendments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71841/influence-of-pseudomonas-japonica-on-growth-and-metal-tolerance-of-celosia-cristata-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Neutral Sugar Contents of Laurel-leaved and Cryptomeria japonica Forests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayuko%20Itsuki">Ayuko Itsuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachiyo%20Aburatani"> Sachiyo Aburatani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil neutral sugar contents in Kasuga-yama Hill Primeval Forest (Nara, Japan) were examined using the Waksman’s approximation analysis to clarify relations with the neutral sugar constituted the soil organic matter and the microbial biomass. Samples were selected from the soil surrounding laurel-leaved (BB-1) and Carpinus japonica (BB-2) trees for analysis. The water and HCl soluble neutral sugars increased microbial biomass of the laurel-leaved forest soil. Arabinose, xylose, and galactose of the HCl soluble fraction were used immediately in comparison with other neutral sugars. Rhamnose, glucose, and fructose of the HCl soluble fraction were re-composed by the microbes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20soil" title="forest soil">forest soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutral%20sugaras" title=" neutral sugaras"> neutral sugaras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20organic%20matter" title=" soil organic matter"> soil organic matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waksman%E2%80%99s%20approximation%20analysis" title=" Waksman’s approximation analysis"> Waksman’s approximation analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41490/neutral-sugar-contents-of-laurel-leaved-and-cryptomeria-japonica-forests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Soil Respiration Rate of Laurel-Leaved and Cryptomeria japonica Forests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayuko%20Itsuki">Ayuko Itsuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachiyo%20Aburatani"> Sachiyo Aburatani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We assessed the ecology of the organic and mineral soil layers of laurel-leaved (BB-1) and Cryptomeria japonica (BB-2 and Pw) forests in the Kasugayama Hill Primeval Forest (Nara, Japan). The soil respiration rate was higher in the deeper horizons (F and H) of organic layers than in those of mineral soil layers, suggesting organic layers may be where active microbial metabolism occurs. Respiration rates in the soil of BB-1, BB-2 and Pw forests were closely similar at 5 and 10°C. However, the soil respiration rate increased in proportion to temperatures of 15°C or above. We therefore consider the activity of soil microorganisms to markedly decrease at temperatures below 10°C. At a temperature of 15°C or above, the soil respiration rate in the BB-1 organic layers was higher than in those of the BB-2 and Pw organic layers, due to differences in forest vegetation that appeared to influence several salient soil properties, particularly pH and the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content of the F and H horizons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20soil" title="forest soil">forest soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralization%20rate" title=" mineralization rate"> mineralization rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterotroph" title=" heterotroph"> heterotroph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20respiration%20rate" title=" soil respiration rate"> soil respiration rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10278/soil-respiration-rate-of-laurel-leaved-and-cryptomeria-japonica-forests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Comparative Analysis of Soil Enzyme Activities between Laurel-Leaved and Cryptomeria japonica Forests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayuko%20Itsuki">Ayuko Itsuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachiyo%20Aburatani"> Sachiyo Aburatani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil enzyme activities in Kasuga-yama Hill Primeval Forest (Nara, Japan) were examined to determine levels of mineralization and metabolism. Samples were selected from the soil surrounding laurel-leaved (B<sub>B-1</sub>) and <em>C</em><em>arpinus</em><em> japonica</em> (B<sub>B-2</sub> and P<sub>w</sub>) trees for analysis. Cellulase, β-xylosidase, and protease activities were higher in B<sub>B-1</sub> samples those in B<sub>B-2 </sub>samples. These activity levels corresponded to the distribution of cellulose and hemicellulose in the soil horizons. Cellulase, β-xylosidase, and chymotrypsin activities were higher in soil from the P<sub>w</sub> forest than in that from the B<sub>B-2 </sub>forest. The relationships between the soil enzymes calculated by Spearman’s rank correlation indicate that the interactions between enzymes in B<sub>B-2</sub> samples were more complex than those in P<sub>w</sub> samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20analysis" title="comparative analysis">comparative analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzyme%20activities" title=" enzyme activities"> enzyme activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20soil" title=" forest soil"> forest soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spearman%27s%20rank%20correlation" title=" Spearman's rank correlation"> Spearman's rank correlation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20200/comparative-analysis-of-soil-enzyme-activities-between-laurel-leaved-and-cryptomeria-japonica-forests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20200.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">591</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Study of Some Biometric Parameters of the Incubated Eggs and Unhatched Eggs Depending on the Age of Breeding in Domestic Japanese Quail Coturnix japonica (Aves, Phasianidae)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Sma%C3%AF">Amina Smaï</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habiba%20Idouhar-Saadi"> Habiba Idouhar-Saadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safia%20Zenia"> Safia Zenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fairouz%20Haddadj"> Fairouz Haddadj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salaheddine%20Doumandji"> Salaheddine Doumandji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The poultry industry (chicken and egg consumption) has become important in Algeria, but that does not prevent other farms from beginning to position themselves on the ground like the turkey, guinea fowl, partridge and quail Japanese. The breeding importance of this last, reside, also in game meat, egg quality and their therapeutic role without forgetting its growth performance. To the same effect, a study was held at the center of Zeralda hunting on various parameters such as the weight and number of eggs laid and this in order to know better the potential of production and reproduction of domestic quail. Egg laying has started from the 8th week of reproductive age, their harvest and their counts are performed daily up to 32 weeks of age and more. We have given the biometrics of incubated eggs and unhatched eggs. The parameters studied were the weight, large and small diameter, density, volume, shell index and the shape index. The work revealed that the maximum weight in males is reached in the 11th week, against the female, he reached the 13th week of age. Indeed, there is a good correlation (R = 0.79) between the weight of females and egg production. The rate of unhatched eggs varies between 11 and 43%, these values are recorded respectively in breeding under the age of 25 and 43 weeks. Furthermore, the biometric parameters of hatched and unhatched eggs have differences that are marked, especially during the beginning and end of lay. Further results will be subsequently exploited. Indeed, rearing Japanese quail is easy in technical terms and does not require big investment but its practical application vigilance and daily presence of the breeder within the farm who oversees the hygiene and well-being of its poultry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese%20quail" title="Japanese quail">Japanese quail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biometrics" title=" biometrics"> biometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eggs" title=" eggs"> eggs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unhatching%20eggs" title=" unhatching eggs"> unhatching eggs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproduction" title=" reproduction"> reproduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46612/study-of-some-biometric-parameters-of-the-incubated-eggs-and-unhatched-eggs-depending-on-the-age-of-breeding-in-domestic-japanese-quail-coturnix-japonica-aves-phasianidae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Accumulation of Phlorotannins in Abalone Haliotis discus Hannai after Feeding with Eisenia bicyclis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangoura%20Issa">Bangoura Issa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Young%20Kang"> Ji-Young Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20H.%20Chowdhury"> M. T. H. Chowdhury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Eun%20Lee"> Ji-Eun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Ki%20Hong"> Yong-Ki Hong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Investigation was carried out for the production of value-added abalone Haliotis discus hannai containing bioactive phlorotannin by feeding phlorotannin-rich seaweed Eisenia bicyclis 2 weeks prior to harvesting. Accumulation of phlorotannins was proceded by feeding with E. bicyclis after 4 days of starvation. HPLC purification afforded two major phlorotannins. Mass spectrometry and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis clarified their structures to be as 7-phloroeckol and eckol. Throughout the feeding period of 20 days, 7-phloroeckolol was accumulated in the muscle (foot muscle tissue) up to 0.18±0.12 mg g-1 dry weight of tissue after 12 days. Eckol reached 0.21±0.03 mg g-1 dry weight of tissue after 18 days. By feeding Laminaria japonica as reference, abalone showed no detection of phlorotannins in the muscle tissue. Seaweed consumption and growth rate of abalone revealed almost similar when feed with E. bicyclis or L. japonicain 20 days. Phlorotannins reduction to half-maximal accumulation values took 1.0 day and 2.7 days for 7-phloroeckol and eckol respectively, after replacing the feed to L. japonica. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abalone" title="abalone">abalone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accumulation" title=" accumulation"> accumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eisenia%20bicyclis" title=" eisenia bicyclis"> eisenia bicyclis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phlorotannins" title=" phlorotannins"> phlorotannins</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8850/accumulation-of-phlorotannins-in-abalone-haliotis-discus-hannai-after-feeding-with-eisenia-bicyclis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8850.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Feedback from Experiments on Managing Methods against Japanese Knotweed on a River Appendix of the RhôNe between 2015 and 2020</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Brasier">William Brasier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolas%20Rabin"> Nicolas Rabin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Celeste%20Joly"> Celeste Joly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) is very present on the banks of the Rhone, colonizing more and more areas along the river. The Compagnie Nationale du Rhone (C.N.R.), which manages the river, has experimented with several control techniques in recent years. Since 2015, 15 experimental plots have been monitored on the banks of a restored river appendix to measure the effect of three control methods: confinement by felt, repeated mowing and the planting of competing species and/or species with allelopathic power: Viburnum opulus, Rhamnus frangula, Sambucus ebulus and Juglans regia. Each year, the number of stems, the number of elderberry plants, the height of the plants and photographs were collected. After six years of monitoring, the results showed that the density of knotweed stems decreased by 50 to 90% on all plots. The control methods are sustainable and are gradually gaining in efficiency. The establishment of native plants coupled with regular manual maintenance can reduce the development of Japanese knotweed. Continued monitoring over the next few years will determine the kinetics of the total eradication (i.e. 0 stem/plot) of the Japanese knotweed by these methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fallopia%20japonica" title="fallopia japonica">fallopia japonica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interspecific%20plant%20competition" title=" interspecific plant competition "> interspecific plant competition </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhone%20river" title=" Rhone river"> Rhone river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=riparian%20trees" title=" riparian trees"> riparian trees</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132873/feedback-from-experiments-on-managing-methods-against-japanese-knotweed-on-a-river-appendix-of-the-rhone-between-2015-and-2020" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Effects of Cellular Insulin Receptor Stimulators with Alkaline Water on Performance, Plasma Cholesterol, Glucose, Triglyceride Levels and Hatchability in Breeding Japanese Quail</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20G%C3%B6%C3%A7men">Rabia Göçmen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCl%C5%9Fah%20Kanbur"> Gülşah Kanbur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinan%20Sefa%20Parlat"> Sinan Sefa Parlat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim of this study is to determine the effects of cellular insulin receptor stimulators on performance, plasma glucose, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, triglyceride, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) hormone levels, and incubation features in the breeding Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). In the study, a total of 84 breeding quails was used, 6 weeks’ age, 24 are male and 60, female. Rations used in experiment are 2900 kcal/kg metabolic energy and 20% crude protein. Water pH is calibrated to 7.45. Ration and water were administered ad-libitum to the animals. As metformin source, metformin-HCl was used and as chrome resource, chromium picolinate was used. Trial groups were formed as control group (basal ration), metformin group (basal ration, added metformin at the level of feed of 20 mg/kg), and chromium picolinate (basal ration, added feed of 1500 ppb Cr) group. When regarded to the results of performance at the end of experiment, it is seen that live weight gain, feed consumption, egg weight, feed conversion ratio (Feed consumption/ egg weight), and egg production were affected at the significant level (p < 0.05). When the results are evaluated in terms of incubation features, hatchability and hatchability of fertile egg ratio were not affected from the treatments. Fertility ratio was significantly affected by metformin and chromium picolinate treatments and fertility rose at the significant level compared to control group (p < 0.05). According to results of experiment, plasma glucose level was not affected by metformin and chromium picolinate treatments. Plasma, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglyceride levels were significantly affected from insulin receptor stimulators added to ration (p < 0.05). Hormone level of Plasma T3 and T4 were also affected at the significant level from insulin receptor stimulators added to ration (p < 0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromium%20picolinate" title="chromium picolinate">chromium picolinate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholesterol" title=" cholesterol"> cholesterol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone" title=" hormone"> hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metformin" title=" metformin"> metformin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quail" title=" quail"> quail</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56892/effects-of-cellular-insulin-receptor-stimulators-with-alkaline-water-on-performance-plasma-cholesterol-glucose-triglyceride-levels-and-hatchability-in-breeding-japanese-quail" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> A Taxonomic Study on Cephalopods (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from the Northern Bay of Bengal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Foyezunnesa%20Setu">Foyezunnesa Setu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Sharifuzzaman"> S. M. Sharifuzzaman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cephalopods, belonging to the taxonomic class Cephalopoda under the phylum Mollusca, have a global distribution and are particularly common in the coastal waters of Bangladesh, specifically in the southeast and southwest regions. Identifying them can be difficult due to their pliable anatomical characteristics. Due to the presence of concealed cephalopod species within the orders Sepioidea, Teuthoidea, and Octopoda, these groupings of invertebrates, which share common characteristics, are frequently misidentified as distinct entities. Until now, cephalopods have been ignored because there is not enough knowledge about the specific species and the necessary preliminary research has not been done. This study offers a systematic description of various cephalopod species found along the south eastern coast of Bangladesh. A combined total of 25 cuttlefish specimens, four squid specimens, and five octopus specimens were gathered from the shores of Saint Martin's Island and Cox's Bazar. Based on morphological analysis, a total of 14 cephalopod species are identified. These species include Sepia aculeata, Sepia esculenta, Sepia pharaonis, Sepia prashadi, Sepiella inermis, Sepiella japonica, Uroteuthis duvauceli, Doryteuthis singhalensis, Sepioteuthis sepioidea, Eupryma stenodactyla, Amphioctopus aegina, Callistoctopus macropus, Octopus ceynea, and Octopus vulgaris. Six newly discovered species, including Sepia prashadi, Sepiella japonica, Sepioteuthis sepioidea, Eupryma stenodactyla, Callistoctopus macropus, and Octopus ceynea, have been identified in Bangladesh. Taxonomically, the identification of cephalopods is difficult due to the significant resemblance between species and the scarcity of information and preparatory research. This study offers significant insights about the cephalopod fauna found in the northern region of the Bay of Bengal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cephalopods" title="cephalopods">cephalopods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20records" title=" new records"> new records</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=northern%20bay%20of%20bengal" title=" northern bay of bengal"> northern bay of bengal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taxonomic%20identification" title=" taxonomic identification"> taxonomic identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182050/a-taxonomic-study-on-cephalopods-mollusca-cephalopoda-from-the-northern-bay-of-bengal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Revisiting Classic Triad of Japanese Spotted Fever: A Case Series of Forty-Three Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Kunitani">Y. Kunitani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Nakashima"> Y. Nakashima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Yamauchi"> S. Yamauchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Ishigami"> Y. Ishigami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Naito"> K. Naito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Numata"> K. Numata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mizobe"> M. Mizobe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Homma"> Y. Homma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Takahashi"> J. Takahashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Inoue"> T. Inoue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Shiga"> T. Shiga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Funakoshi"> H. Funakoshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Japanese Spotted Fever (JSF) is one of the Rickettsial infections, caused by Rickettsia japonica, which is transmitted by ticks. JSF is seen in limited area, such as Japan and South Korea. Its clinical triad is rash, eschar and fever. It often shows leukocytopenia, thrombopenia, elevated transaminase and high C-reactive protein (CRP). Sometimes it can be life-threatening due to disseminated intravascular coagulation or multiple organ failure. Study Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the features of JSF, as this unique infection is rapidly growing in Japan. Methods: This is a case series of JSF from 2009 to 2016, in Mie Prefectural Hospital in Japan. We collected JSF cases, which were diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the skin or blood serum, or the elevation of the antibody titer of paired blood samples. Results: There were 43 JSF patients (19 male, 24 female) with a median age of 71 years [IQR:65-80]. The median body temperature was 38.1°C[IQR: 37.5-39.0]. 95% had a rash, 67% had eschar and 50% had fever. The median WBC count was 6,700 [IQR: 5,750-8,200] and leukocytopenia was observed in only 7%. The median platelet count was 14x104 [IQR10x104-17x104], thrombopenia was observed in 65%. The median aspartate transaminase (AST) was 53 IU/L [IQR: 41-93]; the median alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was 34 IU/L [IQR: 24-54]; the median CRP was 10.4 mg/dL [IQR:7.2-13.9]; the median lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was 352IU/L [IQR:282-451]. CRP and LDH were elevated in almost all of the patients. Median length of stay in hospital was 8 days [IQR: 6-11]. All patients were treated with tetracycline and quinolone on the day of the presentation. There was no fatality from JSF. Conclusion: The patients with JSF classically presents with eschar, rash and fever. However, in this study, the half of the patients were afebrile. Although JSF is not a common infectious disease worldwide, if the patient had previously visited Japan or South Korea and presented with rash and eschar with or without fever, we should consider JSF as a potential diagnosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infectious%20disease" title="infectious disease">infectious disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese%20spotted%20fever" title=" Japanese spotted fever"> Japanese spotted fever</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rickettsial%20disease" title=" Rickettsial disease"> Rickettsial disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rickettsia%20japonica" title=" Rickettsia japonica"> Rickettsia japonica</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74531/revisiting-classic-triad-of-japanese-spotted-fever-a-case-series-of-forty-three-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Effects of a Dwarfing Gene sd1-d (Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen Dwarf) on Yield and Related Traits in Rice: Preliminary Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bhattarai">M. Bhattarai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20B.%20Rana"> B. B. Rana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kamimukai"> M. Kamimukai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Takamure"> I. Takamure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Kawano"> T. Kawano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Murai"> M. Murai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The sd1-d allele at the sd1 locus on chromosome 1, originating from Taiwanese variety Dee-geo-woo-gen, has been playing important role for developing short-culm and lodging-resistant indica varieties such as IR36 in rice. The dominant allele SD1 for long culm at the locus is differentiated into SD1-in and SD1-ja which are harbored in indica and japonica subspecies’s, respectively. The sd1-d of an indica variety IR36 was substituted with SD1-in or SD1-ja by recurrent backcrosses of 17 times with IR36, and two isogenic tall lines regarding the respective dominant alleles were developed by using an indica variety IR5867 and a japonica one ‘Koshihikari’ as donors, which were denoted by '5867-36' and 'Koshi-36', respectively. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of sd1-d on yield and related traits as compared with SD1-in and SD1-ja, by using the two isogenic tall lines. Seedlings of IR36 and the two isogenic lines were transplanted on an experimental field of Kochi University, by the planting distance of 30 cm × 15 cm with two seedlings per hill, on May 3, 2017. Chemical fertilizers were supplied by basal application and top-dressing at a rate of 8.00, 6.57 and 7.52 g/m², respectively, for N, P₂O₅ and K₂O in total. Yield, yield components, and other traits were measured. Culm length (cm) was in the order of 5867-36 (101.9) > Koshi-36 (80.1) > IR36 (60.0), where '>' indicates statistically significant difference at the 5% level. Accordingly, sd1-d reduced culm by 41.9 and 20.1 cm, compared with SD1-in and SD1-ja, respectively, and the effect of elongating culm was higher in the former allele than in the latter one. Total brown rice yield (g/m²), including unripened grains, was in the order of IR36 (611) ≧ 5867-36 (586) ≧ Koshi-36 (572), indicating non-significant differences among them. Yield-1.5mm sieve (g/m²) was in the order of IR36 (596) ≧ 5867-36 (575) ≧ Koshi-36 (558). Spikelet number per panicle was in the order of 5867-36 (89.2) ≧ IR36 (84.7) ≧ Koshi-36 (79.8), and 5867-36 > Koshi-36. Panicle number per m² was in the order of IR36 (428) ≧ Koshi-36 (403) ≧ 5867-36 (353), and IR36 > 5867-36, suggesting that sd1-d increased number of panicles compared with SD1-in. Ripened-grain percentage-1.5mm sieve was in the order of Koshi-36 (86.0) ≧ 5867-36 (85.0) ≧ IR36 (82.7), and Koshi-36 > IR36. Thousand brown-rice-grain weight-1.5mm sieve (g) was in the order of 5867-36 (21.5) > Koshi-36 (20.2) ≧ IR36 (19.9). Total dry weight at maturity (g/m²) was in the order of 5867-36 (1404 ) ≧ IR36 (1310) ≧ Kosihi-36 (1290). Harvest index of total brown rice (%) was in the order of IR36 (39.6) > Koshi-36 (37.7) > 5867-36 (35.5). Hence, sd1-d did not exert significant effect on yield in indica genetic background. However, lodging was observed from the late stage of maturity in 5867-36 and Koshi-36, particularly in the former, which was principally due to their long culms. Consequently, sd1-d enables higher yield with higher fertilizer application, by enhancing lodging resistance, particularly in indica subspecies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice" title="rice">rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dwarfing%20gene" title=" dwarfing gene"> dwarfing gene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sd1-d" title=" sd1-d"> sd1-d</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SD1-in" title=" SD1-in"> SD1-in</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SD1-ja" title=" SD1-ja"> SD1-ja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92289/effects-of-a-dwarfing-gene-sd1-d-dee-geo-woo-gen-dwarf-on-yield-and-related-traits-in-rice-preliminary-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Anti-Arthritic Effect of a Herbal Diet Formula Comprising Fruits of Rosa Multiflora and Flowers of Lonicera Japonica</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Chi%20Yan%20Cheng">Brian Chi Yan Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Guo"> Hui Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Su"> Tao Su</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiu%E2%80%90qiong%20Fu"> Xiu‐qiong Fu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ting%20Li"> Ting Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhi%E2%80%90ling%20Yu"> Zhi‐ling Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects around 1% of the globe population. Yet, there is still no cure for RA. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of RA, making it a potential therapeutic target for RA treatment. A herbal formula (RL) consisting of fruits of Rosa Multiflora (Eijitsu rose) and flowers of Lonicera Japonica (Japanese honeysuckle) has been used in treating various inflammatory disorders for more than a thousand year. Both of them are rich sources of nutrients and bioactive phytochemicals, which can be used in producing different food products and supplements. In this study, we would evaluate the anti-arthritic effect of RL on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats and investigate the involvement of TLR4 signaling in the mode of action of RL. Anti-arthritic efficacy was evaluated using CIA rats induced by bovine type II collagen. The treatment groups were treated with RL (82.5, 165, and 330 mg/kg bw per day, p.o.) or positive control indomethacin (0.25 mg/kg bw per day, p.o.) for 35 days. Clinical signs (hind paw volume and arthritis severity scores), changes in serum inflammatory mediators, pro-/antioxidant status, histological and radiographic changes of joints were investigated. Spleens and peritoneal macrophages were used to determine the effects of RL on innate and adaptive immune responses in CIA rats. The involvement of TLR4 signalling pathways in the anti-arthritic effect of RL was examined in cartilage tissue of CIA rats, murine RAW264.7 macrophages and human THP-1 monocytic cells. The severity of arthritis in the CIA rats was significantly attenuated by RL. Antioxidant status, histological score and radiographic score were efficiently improved by RL. RL could also dose-dependently inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum of CIA rats. RL significantly inhibited the production of various pro-inflammatory mediators, the expression and/or activity of the components of TLR4 signalling pathways in animal tissue and cell lines. RL possesses anti-arthritic effect on collagen-induced arthritis in rats. The therapeutic effect of RL may be related to its inhibition on pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum. The inhibition of the TAK1/NF-κB and TAK1/MAPK pathways participate in the anti-arthritic effects of RL. This provides a pharmacological justification for the dietary use of RL in the control of various arthritic diseases. Further investigation should be done to develop RL into a anti-arthritic food products and/or supplements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=japanese%20honeysuckle" title="japanese honeysuckle">japanese honeysuckle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheumatoid%20arthritis" title=" rheumatoid arthritis"> rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rosa%20multiflora" title=" rosa multiflora"> rosa multiflora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rosehip" title=" rosehip"> rosehip</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30980/anti-arthritic-effect-of-a-herbal-diet-formula-comprising-fruits-of-rosa-multiflora-and-flowers-of-lonicera-japonica" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Fucoidan: A Potent Seaweed-Derived Polysaccharide with Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tauseef%20Ahmad">Tauseef Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ishaq"> Muhammad Ishaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathew%20Eapen"> Mathew Eapen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahyoung%20Park"> Ahyoung Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sam%20Karpiniec"> Sam Karpiniec</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanni%20Caruso"> Vanni Caruso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajaraman%20Eri"> Rajaraman Eri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fucoidans are complex, fucose-rich sulfated polymers discovered in brown seaweeds. Fucoidans are popular around the world, particularly in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries, due to their promising medicinal properties. Fucoidans have been shown to have a variety of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. They are known to inhibit inflammatory processes through a variety of mechanisms, including enzyme inhibition and selectin blockade. Inflammation is a part of the complicated biological response of living systems to damaging stimuli, and it plays a role in the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders, including arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, and allergies. In the current investigation, various fucoidan extracts from Undaria pinnatifida, Fucus vesiculosus, Macrocystis pyrifera, Ascophyllum nodosum, and Laminaria japonica were assessed for inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in LPS induced human macrophage cell line (THP-1) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Furthermore, we also sought to catalogue these extracts based on their anti-inflammatory effects in the current in-vitro cell model. Materials and Methods: To assess the cytotoxicity of fucoidan extracts, MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5, -diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell viability assay was performed. Furthermore, a dose-response for fucoidan extracts was performed in LPS induced THP-1 cells and PBMCs after pre-treatment for 24 hours, and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 cytokines were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The MTT cell viability assay demonstrated that fucoidan extracts exhibited no evidence of cytotoxicity in THP-1 cells or PBMCs after 48 hours of incubation. The results of the sandwich ELISA revealed that all fucoidan extracts suppressed cytokine production in LPS-stimulated PBMCs and human THP-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, at lower concentrations, the lower molecular fucoidan (5-30 kDa) extract from Macrocystis pyrifera was a highly efficient inhibitor of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Fucoidan extracts from all species including Undaria pinnatifida, Fucus vesiculosus, Macrocystis pyrifera, Ascophyllum nodosum, and Laminaria japonica exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects. These findings on several fucoidan extracts provide insight into strategies for improving their efficacy against inflammation-related diseases. Conclusion: In the current research, we have successfully catalogued several fucoidan extracts based on their efficiency in LPS-induced macrophages and PBMCs in downregulating the key pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-1 and IL-6), which are prospective targets in human inflammatory illnesses. Further research would provide more information on the mechanism of action, allowing it to be tested for therapeutic purposes as an anti-inflammatory medication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fucoidan" title="fucoidan">fucoidan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PBMCs" title=" PBMCs"> PBMCs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=THP-1" title=" THP-1"> THP-1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TNF-%CE%B1" title=" TNF-α"> TNF-α</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IL-1%CE%B2" title=" IL-1β"> IL-1β</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IL-6" title=" IL-6"> IL-6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title=" inflammation"> inflammation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148372/fucoidan-a-potent-seaweed-derived-polysaccharide-with-immunomodulatory-and-anti-inflammatory-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Characteristics of Butterfly Communities according to Habitat Types of Jeongmaek in Korea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Suk%20Kim">Ji-Suk Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Pil%20Kim"> Dong-Pil Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kee-Rae%20Gang"> Kee-Rae Gang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoon%20Ho%20Choi"> Yoon Ho Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of butterfly communities according to the habitat characteristics of Korean veins. The survey sites were 12 mountains located in the vein, and 12~30 quadrats (200 in total) were set. The species richness and biodiversity were different according to land use type. Two types of land use (forest and graveyard) showed lower species diversity index values than other land use types. The species abundance was low in the forest and graveyards, and grasslands, forest tops, cultivated areas and urban areas showed relatively high species richness. The altitude was not statistically significant with the number of species of butterflies and biodiversity index. The degree of canopy closure showed a negative correlation. As a result of interspecific correlation analysis, it was confirmed that there was a very high correlation (R2=0.746) between Lycaena phlaeas and Pseudozizeeria maha argia, Choaspes benjaminii japonica and Argyronome ruslana. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use%20type" title="land use type">land use type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20diversity%20index" title=" species diversity index"> species diversity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation" title=" correlation"> correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canopy%20closure" title=" canopy closure"> canopy closure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92508/characteristics-of-butterfly-communities-according-to-habitat-types-of-jeongmaek-in-korea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92508.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Efficacy of Sea Water with Reduced Rate Herbicide to Control Weeds in Tropical Turf</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Kamal%20Uddin">Md. Kamal Uddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Shukor%20Juraimi"> Abdul Shukor Juraimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Parvez%20Anwar"> Md. Parvez Anwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Seawater with reduced herbicide could be considered as a low cost environment friendly alternative method for weed control in turfgrass. Different concentration of sea water in combination with trifloxysulfuron-sodium and quinclorac were used to determine weed control level in turfgrass field. The weed species S. diander, C. aromaticus, and C. rotundus except E. atrovirens were fully controlled when treated with ¾ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium with sea water, ¾ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium with ¾ sea water, ½ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium with sea water, ¾ recommended quinclorac with sea water and ¾ recommended quinclorac with ¾ sea water. Eragrostis atrovirens showed maximum 48% injury when treated with ¾ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium and sea water. Among the tested turf grasses, P. vaginatum showed only 8% injury to sea water in combination with ¾ recommended quinclorac, indicating greater salt tolerance. Zoysia japonica also showed no more than 14% injury when treated with sea water in combination with ¾ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium or quinclorac. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20water" title="sea water">sea water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trifloxysulfuron%E2%80%93sodium" title=" trifloxysulfuron–sodium"> trifloxysulfuron–sodium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quinclorac" title=" quinclorac"> quinclorac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turf" title=" turf"> turf</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34284/efficacy-of-sea-water-with-reduced-rate-herbicide-to-control-weeds-in-tropical-turf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Contraction and Membrane Potential of C2C12 with GTXs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayan%20Almofty">Bayan Almofty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuto%20Yamaki"> Yuto Yamaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadamasa%20Terai"> Tadamasa Terai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadahito%20Uto"> Sadahito Uto </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Culture techniques of skeletal muscle cells are advanced in the field of regenerative medicine and applied research of cultured muscle. As applied research of cultured muscle, myopathy (muscles disease) treatment is expected and development bio of actuator is also expected in biomedical engineering. Grayanotoxins (GTXs) is known as neurotoxins that enhance the permeability of cell membrane for Na ions. Grayanotoxins are extracted from a famous Pieris japonica and Ericaceae as well as a phytotoxin. In this study, we investigated the effect of GTXs on muscle cells (C2C12) contraction and membrane potential. Contraction of myotubes is induced by applied external electrical stimulation. Contraction and membrane potential change of skeletal muscle cells are induced by injection of current. We, therefore, concluded that effect of Grayanotoxins on contraction and membrane potential of C2C12 relate to acute toxicity of GTXs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skeletal%20muscle%20cells%20C2C12" title="skeletal muscle cells C2C12">skeletal muscle cells C2C12</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grayanotoxins" title=" grayanotoxins"> grayanotoxins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contraction" title=" contraction"> contraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20potential" title=" membrane potential"> membrane potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20toxicity" title=" acute toxicity"> acute toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pytotoxin" title=" pytotoxin"> pytotoxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motubes" title=" motubes "> motubes </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23536/contraction-and-membrane-potential-of-c2c12-with-gtxs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Effect of Grayanotoxins on Skeletal Muscle Cell C2C12</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayan%20Almofty">Bayan Almofty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuto%20Yamaki"> Yuto Yamaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadamasa%20Terai"> Tadamasa Terai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadahito%20Uto"> Sadahito Uto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Myopathy (muscles disease) treatment are expected in the field of regenerative medicine and applied research of cultured muscle to bio actuator is performed in Biomedical Engineering as applied research of cultured muscle. This study is about cultured myoblast C2C12 from mouse skeletal muscle and a mechanism of cultured muscle contraction by electric stimulation is investigated. Grayanotoxins (GTXs) belong to neurotoxins known to enhance the permeability of cell membrane for Na ions. Grayanotoxins are extracted from a famous Pieris japonica and Ericaceae as a phytotoxin. We investigated the functional role of GTXs on muscle cells (C2C12) contraction and membrane potential. A change in membrane potential is measured using a micro glass tube electrode contraction of myotubes is induced by applying an external electrical stimulation. The contraction and membrane potential change induced by injection of current using the micro glass electrode are also measured. From the result, contraction and membrane potential of muscle cells was affected by GTXs treatment, suggesting that the diverse chemical structures of GTXs are responsible for contraction and membrane potential of muscle cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skeletal%20muscle" title="skeletal muscle">skeletal muscle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C2C12" title=" C2C12"> C2C12</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=myoblast" title=" myoblast"> myoblast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=myotubes" title=" myotubes"> myotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contraction" title=" contraction"> contraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grayanotoxins" title=" Grayanotoxins"> Grayanotoxins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20potential" title=" membrane potential"> membrane potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurotoxins" title=" neurotoxins"> neurotoxins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytotoxin" title=" phytotoxin"> phytotoxin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22503/effect-of-grayanotoxins-on-skeletal-muscle-cell-c2c12" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Seasonal and Monthly Field Soil Respiration Rate and Litter Fall Amounts of Kasuga-Yama Hill Primeval Forest</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayuko%20Itsuki">Ayuko Itsuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachiyo%20Aburatani"> Sachiyo Aburatani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The seasonal (January, April, July and October) and monthly soil respiration rate and the monthly litter fall amounts were examined in the laurel-leaved (B_B-1) and Cryptomeria japonica (B_B-2 and PW) forests in the Kasugayama Hill Primeval Forest (Nara, Japan). The change of the seasonal soil respiration rate corresponded to that of the soil temperature. The soil respiration rate was higher in October when fresh organic matter was supplied in the forest floor than in April in spite of the same temperature. The seasonal soil respiration rate of B_B-1 was higher than that of B_B-2, which corresponded to more numbers of bacteria and fungi counted by the dilution plate method and by the direct count method by microscopy in B_B-1 than that of B_B-2. The seasonal soil respiration rate of B_B-2 was higher than that of PW, which corresponded to more microbial biomass by the direct count method by microscopy in B_B-2 than that of PW. The correlation coefficient with the seasonal soil respiration and the soil temperature was higher than that of the monthly soil respiration. The soil respiration carbon was more than the litter fall carbon. It was suggested that the soil respiration included in the carbon dioxide which was emitted by the plant root and soil animal, or that the litter fall supplied to the forest floor included in animal and plant litter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20soil%20respiration%20rate" title="field soil respiration rate">field soil respiration rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20soil" title=" forest soil"> forest soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=litter%20fall" title=" litter fall"> litter fall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralization%20rate" title=" mineralization rate"> mineralization rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49812/seasonal-and-monthly-field-soil-respiration-rate-and-litter-fall-amounts-of-kasuga-yama-hill-primeval-forest" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Effect of Rice Cultivars and Water Regimes Application as Mitigation Strategy for Greenhouse Gases in Paddy Fields</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mthiyane%20Pretty">Mthiyane Pretty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitsui%20Toshiake"> Mitsui Toshiake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aycan%20Murat"> Aycan Murat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagano%20Hirohiko"> Nagano Hirohiko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Methane (CH₄) is one of the most dangerous greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted into the atmosphere by terrestrial ecosystems, with a global warming potential (GWP) 25-34 times that of CO2 on a centennial scale. Paddy rice cultivations are a major source of methane emission and is the major driving force for climate change. Thus, it is necessary to find out GHG emissions mitigation strategies from rice cultivation. A study was conducted at Niigata University. And the prime objective of this research was to determine the effects of rice varieties CH4 lowland (NU1, YNU, Nipponbare, Koshihikari) and upland (Norin 1, Norin 24, Hitachihatamochi) japonica rice varieties using different growth media which was paddy field soil and artificial soil. The treatments were laid out in a split plot design. The soil moisture was kept at 40-50% and 70%, respectively. The CH₄ emission rates were determined by collecting air samples using the closed chamber technique and measuring CH₄ concentrations using a gas chromatograph. CH₄ emission rates varied with the growth, growth media type and development of the rice varieties. The soil moisture was monitored at a soil depth of 5–10 cm with an HydraGO portable soil sensor system every three days for each pot, and temperatures were be recorded by a sensitive thermometer. The lowest cumulative CH4 emission rate was observed in Norin 24, particularly under 40 to 50% soil moisture. Across the rice genotypes, 40-50% significantly reduced the cumulative CH4 , followed by irrigation of 70% soil moisture. During the tillering stage, no significant variation in tillering and plant height was observed between and 70% soil moisture. This study suggests that the cultivation of Norin 24 and Norin 1 under 70% soil irrigation could be effective at reducing the CH4 in rice fields. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane" title="methane">methane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paddy%20fields" title=" paddy fields"> paddy fields</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20varieties" title=" rice varieties"> rice varieties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20moisture" title=" soil moisture"> soil moisture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167732/effect-of-rice-cultivars-and-water-regimes-application-as-mitigation-strategy-for-greenhouse-gases-in-paddy-fields" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167732.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Evaluation of Green Infrastructure with Different Woody Plants Practice and Benefit Using the Stormwater Management-HYDRUS Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bei%20Zhang">Bei Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaoxin%20Zhang"> Zhaoxin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidong%20Zhao"> Lidong Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Green infrastructures (GIs) for rainwater management can directly meet the multiple purposes of urban greening and non-point source pollution control. To reveal the overall layout law of GIs dominated by typical woody plants and their impact on urban environmental effects, we constructed a HYDRUS-1D and Stormwater management (SWMM) coupling model to simulate the response of typical root woody plant planting methods on urban hydrological. The results showed that the coupling model had high adaptability to the simulation of urban surface runoff control effect under different woody plant planting methods (NSE ≥0.64 and R² ≥ 0.71). The regulation effect on surface runoff showed that the average runoff reduction rate of GIs increased from 60 % to 71 % with the increase of planting area (5% to 25%) under the design rainfall event of the 2-year recurrence interval. Sophora japonica with tap roots was slightly higher than that of without plants (control) and Malus baccata (M. baccata) with fibrous roots. The comprehensive benefit evaluation system of rainwater utilization technology was constructed by using an analytic hierarchy process. The coupling model was used to evaluate the comprehensive benefits of woody plants with different planting areas in the study area in terms of environment, economy, and society. The comprehensive benefit value of planting 15% M. baccata was the highest, which was the first choice for the planting of woody plants in the study area. This study can provide a scientific basis for the decision-making of green facility layouts of woody plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20infrastructure" title="green infrastructure">green infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20benefits" title=" comprehensive benefits"> comprehensive benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runoff%20regulation" title=" runoff regulation"> runoff regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=woody%20plant%20layout" title=" woody plant layout"> woody plant layout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupling%20model" title=" coupling model"> coupling model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173239/evaluation-of-green-infrastructure-with-different-woody-plants-practice-and-benefit-using-the-stormwater-management-hydrus-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Simulating Studies on Phosphate Removal from Laundry Wastewater Using Biochar: Dudinin Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20York">Eric York</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Tadio"> James Tadio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silas%20Owusu%20Antwi"> Silas Owusu Antwi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laundry wastewater contains a diverse range of chemical pollutants that can have detrimental effects on human health and the environment. In this study, simulation studies by Spyder Python software v 3.2 to assess the efficacy of biochar in removing PO₄³⁻ from wastewater were conducted. Through modeling and simulation, the mechanisms involved in the adsorption process of phosphate by biochar were studied by altering variables which is specific to the phosphate from common laundry phosphate detergents, such as the aqueous solubility, initial concentration, and temperature using the Dudinin Approach (DA). Results showed that the concentration equilibrate at near the highest concentrations for Sugar beet-120 mgL⁻¹, Tailing-85 mgL⁻¹, CaO- rich-50 mgL⁻¹, Eggshell and rice straw-48 mgL⁻¹, Undaria Pinnatifida Roots-190 mgL⁻¹, Ca-Alginate Granular Beads -240 mgL⁻¹, Laminaria Japonica Powder -900 mgL⁻¹, Pinesaw dust-57 mgL⁻¹, Ricehull-190 mgL⁻¹, sesame straw- 470 mgL⁻¹, Sugar Bagasse-380 mgL⁻¹, Miscanthus Giganteus-240 mgL⁻¹, Wood Bc-130 mgL⁻¹, Pine-25 mgL⁻¹, Sawdust-6.8 mgL⁻¹, Sewage Sludge-, Rice husk-12 mgL⁻¹, Corncob-117 mgL⁻¹, Maize straw- 1800 mgL⁻¹ while Peanut -Eucalyptus polybractea-, Crawfish equilibrated at near concentration. CO₂ activated Thalia, sewage sludge biochar, Broussonetia Papyrifera Leaves equilibrated just at the lower concentration. Only Soyer bean Stover exhibited a sharp rise and fall peak in mid-concentration at 2 mgL⁻¹ volume. The modelling results were consistent with experimental findings from the literature, ensuring the accuracy, repeatability, and reliability of the simulation study. The simulation study provided insights into adsorption for PO₄³⁻ from wastewater by biochar using concentration per volume that can be adsorbed ideally under the given conditions. Studies showed that applying the principle experimentally in real wastewater with all its complexity is warranted and not far-fetched. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20studies" title="simulation studies">simulation studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20removal" title=" phosphate removal"> phosphate removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochar" title=" biochar"> biochar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175967/simulating-studies-on-phosphate-removal-from-laundry-wastewater-using-biochar-dudinin-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Conservation Detection Dogs to Protect Europe's Native Biodiversity from Invasive Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helga%20Heylen">Helga Heylen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With dogs saving wildlife in New Zealand since 1890 and governments in Africa, Australia and Canada trusting them to give the best results, Conservation Dogs Ireland want to introduce more detection dogs to protect Europe's native wildlife. Conservation detection dogs are fast, portable and endlessly trainable. They are a cost-effective, highly sensitive and non-invasive way to detect protected and invasive species and wildlife disease. Conservation dogs find targets up to 40 times faster than any other method. They give results instantly, with near-perfect accuracy. They can search for multiple targets simultaneously, with no reduction in efficacy The European Red List indicates the decline in biodiversity has been most rapid in the past 50 years, and the risk of extinction never higher. Just two examples of major threats dogs are trained to tackle are: (I)Japanese Knotweed (Fallopia Japonica), not only a serious threat to ecosystems, crops, structures like bridges and roads - it can wipe out the entire value of a house. The property industry and homeowners are only just waking up to the full extent of the nightmare. When those working in construction on the roads move topsoil with a trace of Japanese Knotweed, it suffices to start a new colony. Japanese Knotweed grows up to 7cm a day. It can stay dormant and resprout after 20 years. In the UK, the cost of removing Japanese Knotweed from the London Olympic site in 2012 was around £70m (€83m). UK banks already no longer lend on a house that has Japanese Knotweed on-site. Legally, landowners are now obliged to excavate Japanese Knotweed and have it removed to a landfill. More and more, we see Japanese Knotweed grow where a new house has been constructed, and topsoil has been brought in. Conservation dogs are trained to detect small fragments of any part of the plant on sites and in topsoil. (II)Zebra mussels (Dreissena Polymorpha) are a threat to many waterways in the world. They colonize rivers, canals, docks, lakes, reservoirs, water pipes and cooling systems. They live up to 3 years and will release up to one million eggs each year. Zebra mussels attach to surfaces like rocks, anchors, boat hulls, intake pipes and boat engines. They cause changes in nutrient cycles, reduction of plankton and increased plant growth around lake edges, leading to the decline of Europe's native mussel and fish populations. There is no solution, only costly measures to keep it at bay. With many interconnected networks of waterways, they have spread uncontrollably. Conservation detection dogs detect the Zebra mussel from its early larvae stage, which is still invisible to the human eye. Detection dogs are more thorough and cost-effective than any other conservation method, and will greatly complement and speed up the work of biologists, surveyors, developers, ecologists and researchers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=native%20biodiversity" title="native biodiversity">native biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20detection%20dogs" title=" conservation detection dogs"> conservation detection dogs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invasive%20species" title=" invasive species"> invasive species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese%20Knotweed" title=" Japanese Knotweed"> Japanese Knotweed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zebra%20mussel" title=" zebra mussel"> zebra mussel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88717/conservation-detection-dogs-to-protect-europes-native-biodiversity-from-invasive-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Antifungal Activity of Processed Sulfur Solution as Potential Eco-Friendly Disinfectant against Saprolegnia parasitica and Its Safety in Freshwater-Farmed Fish</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye-Hyun%20Lee">Hye-Hyun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyo-Kon%20Chun"> Hyo-Kon Chun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung-Hee%20Kim%20Kim"> Kyung-Hee Kim Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi-Hee%20Kim"> Mi-Hee Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saet-Byul%20Chu"> Saet-Byul Chu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Jong%20Lee"> Sang-Jong Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Hyeop%20Lee"> Seung-Hyeop Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Won%20Yi"> Seung-Won Yi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Some chemicals such as malachite green, methylene blue, and copper sulfate had been used frequently as disinfectants controlling fungal infection in aquaculture. However, their carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and teratogenicity were reported in mammals. After their accumulation in food fish and its consumers was confirmed, concerns about public health has resulted in enhanced monitoring and increased demand for eco-friendly treatments. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate safety to fish and efficacy of sulfur solution processed by effective microorganisms (EM-PSS) against Saprolegnia parasitica, for use of a potential aquatic fungicidal disinfectant. The natural sulfur purchased from Kawah Ijen volcano, East Java, Indonesia was processed by the liquid mixture consisting of following twelve effective microorganisms (Rapha-el®; Lbiotech, Jeonnam, Korea), Lactobacillus parafarraginis, L. paracasei, L. harbinensis, L. buchneri, L. perolens, L. rhamnosus, L. vaccinostercus, Acetobacter lovaniensis, A. peroxydans, Pichia fermentans, Candida ethanolica, Saccharomycopsis schoenii isolated from fermentation process of oriental medicinal herbs including green tea, privet, and puer tea. The material was applied to in vitro antifungal activity test for Saprolegnia parasitica using agar dilution method. In addition, an acute toxicity test was performed on carp (Cyprinus carpio), eel (Anguilla japonica), and mud fish (Misgurnus mizolepis) for 96 hours. After three species of fish (n=15) were accustomed to experimental water environment for three days, the EM-PSS was added to each tank as final concentrations to be 0 to 500 ppm. The fish were taken into necropsy, and the histological sections of the gill, liver, and spleen were counter-stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H-E). And hence, no observed effect concentration (NOEC) of the solution was used for taking a medicinal bath for mudfish infected by Saprolegnia parasitica in practice. The result of in vitro antifungal activity test showed the growth inhibition of the fungus at 100 ppm, which and the lower concentrations occurred no fatal case in any fish species tested until the end of the examination. The 125 ppm of the solution, however, resulted in 13.3 %, 13.3 %, and 6.3 % of mortality in carp, eel, and mudfish, respectively. But both 250 and 500 ppm of the solution leaded lethality to all population of each fish species within 24 hours. Besides, H-E staining also showed no specific evidence for toxicity in fish at lesser than 100 ppm of EM-PSS. On the other hand, as a result of field application of the solution, no growth of fungal mycelium was found in fish bodies from gross observation 5 days post treatment. In conclusion, 100ppm of EM-PSS resulted in inhibition and treatment of Saprolegnia parasitica infection. In addition, the use of EM-PSS lower than 100 ppm is safe for fish. Therefore, EM-PSS could be used as aquatic fungicide, and also may be possible to be a potential eco-friendly disinfectant in aquaculture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifungal%20activity" title="antifungal activity">antifungal activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20microorganism" title=" effective microorganism"> effective microorganism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saprolegnia" title=" saprolegnia"> saprolegnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processed%20sulfur%20solution" title=" processed sulfur solution"> processed sulfur solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56451/antifungal-activity-of-processed-sulfur-solution-as-potential-eco-friendly-disinfectant-against-saprolegnia-parasitica-and-its-safety-in-freshwater-farmed-fish" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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