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<div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Historie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tidlig_islamsk_tid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tidlig_islamsk_tid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Tidlig islamsk tid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tidlig_islamsk_tid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osmansk_og_egyptisk_styre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osmansk_og_egyptisk_styre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Osmansk og egyptisk styre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osmansk_og_egyptisk_styre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moderne_tid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moderne_tid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Moderne tid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moderne_tid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suezkanalen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suezkanalen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Suezkanalen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suezkanalen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vennskapsbyer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vennskapsbyer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vennskapsbyer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vennskapsbyer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innholdsfortegnelse" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Suez</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 75 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAes" title="Súes – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Súes" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="السويس – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="السويس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A7%D5%A6" title="Սուէզ – vestarmensk" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սուէզ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="vestarmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCvey%C5%9F" title="Süveyş – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Süveyş" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%B2_(%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1)" title="سوئز (شهر) – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوئز (شهر)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D3%99%D0%B9%D1%81_(%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%8D%D1%86)" title="Сүәйс (Суэц) – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сүәйс (Суэц)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%8D%D1%86" title="Суэц – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Суэц" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Суец – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Суец" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_(kapital_sa_lalawigan_sa_Ehipto)" title="Suez (kapital sa lalawigan sa Ehipto) – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Suez (kapital sa lalawigan sa Ehipto)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sues" title="Sues – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sues" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suess" title="Suess – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suess" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AD%CE%B6" title="Σουέζ – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σουέζ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suezo" title="Suezo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Suezo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%B2_(%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1)" title="سوئز (شهر) – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوئز (شهر)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_(ville)" title="Suez (ville) – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Suez (ville)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%ABz" title="Suëz – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Suëz" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suais" title="Suais – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Suais" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%97%90%EC%A6%88" title="수에즈 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수에즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A5%D5%A6" title="Սուեզ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուեզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%8D%D1%86" title="Суэц – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Суэц" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_(idolobha)" title="Suez (idolobha) – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Suez (idolobha)" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A5_(%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8)" title="סואץ (עיר) – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סואץ (עיר)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A8z" title="Suèz – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Suèz" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98" title="სუეცი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სუეცი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – kasjubisk" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kasjubisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suesia" title="Suesia – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Suesia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suvaisa" title="Suvaisa – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Suvaisa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecas" title="Suecas – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Suecas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szuez" title="Szuez – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szuez" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – gassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="gassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%9D" title="सुएझ – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सुएझ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="السويس – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="السويس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%A8%E3%82%BA" title="スエズ – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スエズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81" title="Сувайс – tsjetsjensk" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сувайс" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tsjetsjensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A8z_(vila)" title="Suèz (vila) – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Suèz (vila)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suvaysh" title="Suvaysh – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Suvaysh" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%8D%D1%86" title="Суэц – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Суэц" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suezi" title="Suezi – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Suezi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_(mesto)" title="Suez (mesto) – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Suez (mesto)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – schlesisk" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="schlesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Суец – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Суец" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B" title="สุเอซ – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สุเอซ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCvey%C5%9F" title="Süveyş – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Süveyş" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Суец – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Суец" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="سوئیز – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سوئیز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez" title="Suez – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Suez" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%BC%8A%E5%A3%AB" title="苏伊士 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏伊士" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%BC%8A%E5%A3%AB" title="蘇伊士 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇伊士" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%BC%8A%E5%A3%AB" title="苏伊士 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="苏伊士" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q134514#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Suez" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Suez" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Suez"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Suez"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Suez" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Suez" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&oldid=22172843" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Suez&id=22172843&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSuez"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSuez"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Suez&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvennlig versjon av denne siden [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvennlig versjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q134514" title="Lenke til koblet dataregisterelement [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates" style="font-size:85%;margin:0 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Geografiske_koordinater" title="Geografiske koordinater">Koordinater</a>: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=no&pagename=Suez&params=29.966666666667_N_32.533333333333_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kart, flyfoto og andre data for dette stedet"><span class="latitude">29°58′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">32°32′00″Ø</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24884810">.mw-parser-output .wb-edithandle{display:none;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-show .wb-edithandle{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-hide .wb-edithandle{display:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:3px;margin:0.5em 0em 1em 1em;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift th{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:larger;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{background-color:#fff;color:black;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks td{background-color:#efefef;color:black;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;margin:0;padding:3px}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.custom td{background:none;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad th{text-align:left;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td{text-align:left;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.headercenter{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.hode th{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{text-align:center;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift td{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;background-color:#eee;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.geografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><table class="infobox infoboks geografi bred"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Suez</th></tr><tr class="hode"><th colspan="4"><i>As-Sūwais</i><br /><a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl" style="font-size:1.25em;">السويس</span>‎</th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Iss016e019375.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Iss016e019375.jpg/250px-Iss016e019375.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="379" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Iss016e019375.jpg/500px-Iss016e019375.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3032" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div class="thumbcaption">Suez, satellittbilde av byen og kanalen<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23957101">.mw-parser-output .byline{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .byline .hidden{display:none}</style><div class="byline"></div></div></td></tr> <tr class="bilde"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"> <p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Flag_of_Suez_Governorate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flagg"><img alt="Flagg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Suez_Governorate.svg/250px-Flag_of_Suez_Governorate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Suez_Governorate.svg/330px-Flag_of_Suez_Governorate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Suez_Governorate.svg/500px-Flag_of_Suez_Governorate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Land</th><td colspan="2"><span class="flagg"><span><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><img alt="Egypts flagg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/22px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/33px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/44px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></span></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Egypts_guvernementer" title="Egypts guvernementer">Guvernement</a></th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/As_Suways" class="mw-redirect" title="As Suways">As Suways</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Status</th><td colspan="2">By</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Grunnlagt</th><td colspan="2">1859</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Areal" title="Areal">Areal</a></th><td colspan="2"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">250,4</span> kvadratkilometer</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Befolkning" title="Befolkning">Befolkning</a></th><td colspan="2">660 592 <small><i>(2017)</i></small></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Befolkningstetthet" title="Befolkningstetthet">Bef.tetthet</a></th><td colspan="2">2 064,53 <a href="/wiki/Innbygger" title="Innbygger">innb.</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kvadratkilometer" title="Kvadratkilometer">kvadratkilometer</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Meter_over_havet" title="Meter over havet">Høyde o.h.</a></th><td colspan="2"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">11</span> meter </td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nettside" title="Nettside">Nettside</a></th><td colspan="2"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suez.gov.eg/">www<wbr />.suez<wbr />.gov<wbr />.eg/</a></span></td></tr><tr class="border-top rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><div style="clear:both"></div></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed sentrert"><b>Posisjonskart</b><div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin:0 auto;width:244px; text-align:center;"><div style="width:240px;float:right;clear:right"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Egypt_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Suez ligger i Egypt"><img alt="Suez ligger i Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Egypt_location_map.svg/240px-Egypt_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Egypt_location_map.svg/360px-Egypt_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Egypt_location_map.svg/480px-Egypt_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1055" data-file-height="973" /></a></span><div style="position:absolute;top:19.753%;left:63.74%"><div style="position:absolute;left:-4px;top:-4px;line-height:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Suez"><img alt="Suez" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div style="font-size:90%;line-height:110%;position:absolute;width:6em;top:-0.75em;left:5px;text-align:left"><div style="display:inline;padding:1px;float:left;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.7)">Suez</div></div></div></div><div style="font-size:90%;padding-top:3px">Suez (Egypt)</div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 290px; height: 290px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="290" data-height="290" data-zoom="8" data-lat="29.966666666667" data-lon="32.533333333333" data-lang="en" data-overlays="["_563920160620d0bb445e8e05d73fddb930875646"]" href="/wiki/Spesial:Map/8/29.966666666667/32.533333333333/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,29.966666666667,32.533333333333,290x290.png?lang=en&domain=no.wikipedia.org&title=Suez&revid=22172843&groups=_563920160620d0bb445e8e05d73fddb930875646" width="290" height="290" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,29.966666666667,32.533333333333,290x290@2x.png?lang=en&domain=no.wikipedia.org&title=Suez&revid=22172843&groups=_563920160620d0bb445e8e05d73fddb930875646 2x" alt="Kart" /></a><br />Suez<br /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=no&pagename=Suez&params=29.966666666667_N_32.533333333333_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kart, flyfoto og andre data for dette stedet"><span class="latitude">29°58′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">32°32′00″Ø</span></span></span></a></span></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Suez" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Suez">Suez på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Suez</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl" style="font-size:1.25em;">السويس</span>‎, <i>as-Suways</i>) er en havneby i nordøstlige Egypt, lokalisert ved nordkysten av <a href="/wiki/Suezbukten" title="Suezbukten">Suezbukten</a> (en gren av <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8dehavet" title="Rødehavet">Rødehavet</a>), nær den sørlige munningen av <a href="/wiki/Suezkanalen" title="Suezkanalen">Suezkanalen</a>. Byen har tre havner: Adabya, Ain Sukhna og Port Tawfiq, og omfattende havneanlegg. Sammen utgjør de et storbyområde. Jernbanelinjer og motorvei knytter byen med Kairo, Port Said, og Ismailia. Suez har et <a href="/wiki/Petrokjemiske_produkter" title="Petrokjemiske produkter">petrokjemisk</a> anlegg, og dets <a href="/wiki/Oljeraffineri" title="Oljeraffineri">oljeraffinerier</a> har rørledninger som frakter det ferdige produktet til Kairo. Suez er provinshovedstad <a href="/wiki/Egypts_guvernementer" title="Egypts guvernementer">guvernementet</a> av <a href="/wiki/As_Suways" class="mw-redirect" title="As Suways">samme navn</a>. Blåfargen på guvernementets flagg refererer til havet, utstyret refererer til det faktum at guvernementet er industrielt område, og flammen refererer dets <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleumindustri</a>. Suez hadde en befolkning på 485 342 innbyggere i 2006, beregnet til 660 592 for 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tidlig_islamsk_tid">Tidlig islamsk tid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Tidlig islamsk tid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Tidlig islamsk tid"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:View_of_Suez._(1841)_-_TIMEA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/View_of_Suez._%281841%29_-_TIMEA.jpg/250px-View_of_Suez._%281841%29_-_TIMEA.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/View_of_Suez._%281841%29_-_TIMEA.jpg/375px-View_of_Suez._%281841%29_-_TIMEA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/View_of_Suez._%281841%29_-_TIMEA.jpg/500px-View_of_Suez._%281841%29_-_TIMEA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="653" /></a><figcaption>Maleri av Suez, 1841</figcaption></figure> <p>På 600-tallet e.Kr. sto en by ved navn Kolzum rett nord for dagens by Suez og fungerte som den østlige stasjonen for en kanal bygd av Amr ibn al-'As som knyttet elven <a href="/wiki/Nilen" title="Nilen">Nilen</a> med Rødehavet. Kolzums handel forsvant da kanalen ble stengt i 770 av andre <a href="/wiki/Abbasidene" title="Abbasidene">abbasidekalifen</a> al-Mansur for å forhindre hans fiender i Arabia til få tilgang på forsyninger fra Egypt og fra landene i nord. Likevel hadde byen fordeler av den handelen som fortsatt ble drevet mellom Egypt og Arabia.<sup id="cite_ref-Chrisholm_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chrisholm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ved 720 hadde kalifens etterfølger al-Mahdi restaurert deler av kanalen.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Karmatene" title="Karmatene">Karmatene</a>, ledet av Hasan ibn Ahmad, beseiret en <a href="/wiki/Fatimidene" title="Fatimidene">fatimidehær</a>, ledet av Gawhar al-Siqilli, ved Kolzum i 971 og deretter erobret byen. Som følge av hans nederlag i Kairo ved al-Siqilli mot slutten av dette året, trakk Hasan og hans styrker seg tilbake til Arabia via Kolzum.<sup id="cite_ref-Houtsma_1115_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Houtsma_1115-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Suez lå rett og fungerte som en kilde for drikkevann for Kolzum, i henhold til den arabiske reisende al-Muqaddasi som besøkte stedet i 986.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Saladin" title="Saladin">Saladin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ajjubide-dynastiet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ajjubide-dynastiet">ajjubidesultanen</a> av Egypt, befestet både Kolzum og Suez for å forsvare Egypts østlige grense fra angrep fra korsfarere ledet av Reynald av Châtillon.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I tiden 1183-1184 hadde Reynald skip stasjonert i Rødehavet for å forhindre ajjubidegarnisonen i Kolzum fra å få tilgang på ferskvann. Som reaksjon fikk Saladins bror al-Adil (Saphadin) bygd en flåte som seilte til den sørlige havnen Aidab for å få fjernet denne trusselen.<sup id="cite_ref-Houtsma_1115_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Houtsma_1115-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ved 1200-tallet ble det nedtegnet at Kolzum lå i ruiner og blitt gradvis erstattet av Suez som senter for befolkningen.<sup id="cite_ref-Chrisholm_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chrisholm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I henhold til de muslimske historikerne al-Maqrizi og al-Idrisi hadde Kolzum en gang vært en blomstrende by fram til den ble okkupert og plyndret av beduiner.<sup id="cite_ref-Houtsma_1115_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Houtsma_1115-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Osmansk_og_egyptisk_styre">Osmansk og egyptisk styre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Osmansk og egyptisk styre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Osmansk og egyptisk styre"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Suez1_i_maj_1982.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Suez1_i_maj_1982.jpg/250px-Suez1_i_maj_1982.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Suez1_i_maj_1982.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="235" /></a><figcaption>Utsyn mot Suez fra kanalen i 1982.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Suez2_i_maj_1982.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Suez2_i_maj_1982.jpg/250px-Suez2_i_maj_1982.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Suez2_i_maj_1982.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="312" data-file-height="236" /></a><figcaption>Suezkanalen i mai 1982.</figcaption></figure> <p>For å forhindre <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">portugisiske</a> angrep mot egyptiske kystbyer og andre havner ved Rødehavet som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaddah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaddah (ikke skrevet ennå)">Jaddah</a>, beordret den siste <a href="/wiki/Mamelukk" title="Mamelukk">mamelukksultanen</a> al-Ghawri en styrke på 6 000 menn, ledet av Selman Reis, til å forsvare Suez i 1507, noe som begrenset mamelukkenes militære kapasitet mot <a href="/wiki/Det_osmanske_rike" title="Det osmanske rike">det osmanske rike</a> i Middelhavet.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Som følge av den osmanske erobringen av Egypt på begynnelsen av 1500-tallet ble Suez både en viktig marinebase og en handelsstasjon. Den osmanske flåten ved Suez var medvirkende i begrense portugisernes kontroll over handelen i <a href="/wiki/Indiahavet" title="Indiahavet">Indiahavet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chrisholm_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chrisholm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den tyske utforskeren <a href="/wiki/Carsten_Niebuhr" title="Carsten Niebuhr">Carsten Niebuhr</a> noterte at på 1700-tallet seilte en flåte på tjue skip årlig fra Suez til Jeddah, som tjente som Mekkas havn, og som Egypts port til handel med India. Men ved 1798, under <a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" title="Napoléon Bonaparte">Napoléon Bonapartes</a> invasjon av Egypt, hadde Suez blitt utviklet seg negativt til by uten betydning. Kampene mellom franskmenn og briter i 1800 etterlot det meste av byen i ruiner.<sup id="cite_ref-Chrisholm_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chrisholm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Den fikk derimot ny og større betydning etter at Suezkanalen ble åpnet i 1869. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moderne_tid">Moderne tid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Moderne tid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Moderne tid"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Byen ble bortimot helt ødelagt under kampene på slutten av 1960-tallet og begynnelsen på 1970-tallet i kampen mellom <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">israelske</a> og egyptiske styrker i kampen om <a href="/wiki/Sinaihalv%C3%B8ya" title="Sinaihalvøya">Sinaihalvøya</a>. Byen ble helt forlatt som følge av <a href="/wiki/Seksdagerskrigen" title="Seksdagerskrigen">seksdagerskrigen</a> i 1967. Gjenoppbyggingen av Suez begynte strakt etter at Egypt gjenåpnet Suezkanalen som følge av <a href="/wiki/Jom_kippur-krigen" title="Jom kippur-krigen">Jom kippur-krigen</a> med Israel. </p><p>Suez var den første egyptiske byen som holdt store protestdemonstrasjoner mot regjeringen til <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Hosni Mubarak</a> under <a href="/wiki/Den_egyptiske_revolusjonen_i_2011" title="Den egyptiske revolusjonen i 2011">den egyptiske revolusjonen i 2011</a>. Den første fatale offer for opprøret skjedde også her.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En redegjørelse av dette har karakterisert det som «Sidi Bouzid av Egypt», en påminnelse av den lille byen <a href="/wiki/Sidi_Bouzid" title="Sidi Bouzid">Sidi Bouzids</a> rolle i <a href="/wiki/Den_tunisiske_revolusjon" title="Den tunisiske revolusjon">den tunisiske revolusjon</a> (2010–2011).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suezkanalen">Suezkanalen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Suezkanalen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Suezkanalen"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Se hovedartikkel, <a href="/wiki/Suezkanalen" title="Suezkanalen">Suezkanalen</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Suez1856.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Suez1856.jpg/250px-Suez1856.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Suez1856.jpg/500px-Suez1856.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1449" data-file-height="1242" /></a><figcaption>Den nordligste delen av Suezbukten med byen Suez på et kart fra 1856.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Salam_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Salam_Bridge.jpg/250px-Salam_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Salam_Bridge.jpg/375px-Salam_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Salam_Bridge.jpg/500px-Salam_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Solnedgang fr land til Suezkanalbroen som knytter Afrika med Asia.</figcaption></figure> <p>Det var en kanal fra <a href="/wiki/Nildeltaet" title="Nildeltaet">Nildeltaet</a> og til <a href="/wiki/Suezbukten" title="Suezbukten">Suezbukten</a> i oldtiden da denne bukten strakte seg lengre nordover enn hva den gjær i dag. Denne kanalen gikk ut av bruk og dagens kanal ble bygd på 1800-tallet. </p><p>Suezkanalen gir en betydelig kortere sjøreise for skip enn å gå rundt <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kapp_det_gode_h%C3%A5p" title="Kapp det gode håp">Kapp det gode håp</a>. Byggingen av Suezkanalen dro fordeler av de naturlige forholdene i regionen: den relativt korte distansen mellom Middelhavet og Rødehavet, forekomsten av en rekke innsjøer eller <a href="/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi">geologiske</a> <a href="/wiki/Depresjon_(geologi)" title="Depresjon (geologi)">depresjoner</a> som ble til innsjøer (<a href="/wiki/Manzalasj%C3%B8en" title="Manzalasjøen">Manzalasjøen</a> i nord og depresjonene, Timsah og <a href="/wiki/Bittersj%C3%B8ene" title="Bittersjøene">Bittersjøene</a> langs deler av ruten), og et generelt flatt terreng. Konstruksjonen av kanalen ble foreslått av ingeniøren og den franske diplomaten <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_de_Lesseps" title="Ferdinand de Lesseps">Ferdinand de Lesseps</a> som fikk retten fra Said Pasha for konstruere og operere kanalen for en periode på 99 år. The Compagnie Universelle du Canal Maritime de Suez ble dannet og konstruksjonen 11 år. Kanalen ble åpnet den 17. november 1867. Den fikk umiddelbar og dramatisk effekt på verdenshandelen.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I juli 1956, kun noen få dager etter det fjerde jubileum for <a href="/wiki/Den_egyptiske_revolusjonen_i_1952" title="Den egyptiske revolusjonen i 1952">den egyptiske revolusjonen i 1952</a>, nasjonaliserte den egyptiske regjeringen under president <a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> Suezkanal-selskapet, som hadde blitt drevet franskmenn og eid privat, og med briter som de største aksjeeierne. Den israelsk-fransk-britiske invasjonen av Egypt som fulgte, kjent som <a href="/wiki/Suezkrisen" title="Suezkrisen">Suezkrisen</a>. Med negativt press fra USA og Sovjetunionen, fikk Storbritannia og Frankrike ikke noe valg og trakk sine styrker ut. Som følge av Israels invasjon og okkupasjon av Sinaihalvøya i Seksdagerskrigen i 1967, ble kanalen stengt og åpnet ikke igjen før i 1975. </p><p>I dag er kanalen fortsatt en vital forbindelse for verdenshandelen, og bidra betydelig til den egyptiske økonomien. I 2009 genererte kanalen inntekter som utgjorde 3,7 prosent av Egypts <a href="/wiki/Bruttonasjonalprodukt" title="Bruttonasjonalprodukt">bruttonasjonalprodukt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Geografi"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Suez-eidet er betraktet som grensen mellom Afrika og Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Det er den smaleste mellomrommet mellom Middelhavet og Suezbukten, den strekningen som Suezkanalen går.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vennskapsbyer">Vennskapsbyer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Vennskapsbyer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Vennskapsbyer"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Suez har følgende <a href="/wiki/Vennskapsby" title="Vennskapsby">vennskapsbyer</a>: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagg"><span><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nord-Makedonia" title="Nord-Makedonia"><img alt="Nord-Makedonias flagg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a></li> <li><span class="flagg"><span><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti"><img alt="Djiboutis flagg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/40px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/60px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti_(by)" title="Djibouti (by)">Djibouti</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/Egypt-Cities.html?cityid=577">«As-Suways (Suez)»</a>, <i>City Population</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chrisholm-2"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Chrisholm_2-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chrisholm_2-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chrisholm_2-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chrisholm_2-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Chrisholm, Hugh (1911): «Suez», <i>The Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, 11. utg.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Houtsma (1993), s. 498.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Houtsma_1115-4"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Houtsma_1115_4-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Houtsma_1115_4-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Houtsma_1115_4-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Houtsma (1993), s. 1115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Salih, Abu (2012): <i>The Churches and Monasteries of Egypt and Some Neighbouring Countries</i>, Forgotten Books, opptrykk, s. 61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Houtsma (1993), s. 341.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Brummett (1994), s. 85, 115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/revolutionthrougharabeyes/2011/12/20111229132934234283.html">«Suez: Cradle of Revolt»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120309202008/http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/revolutionthrougharabeyes/2011/12/20111229132934234283.html">Arkivert</a> 9. mars 2012 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Al Jazeera English. 17. januar 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/01/27/us-egypt-protests-suez-idUSTRE70Q49520110127">«Could Suez be Egypt's Sidi Bouzid?»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141126001829/https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/01/27/us-egypt-protests-suez-idUSTRE70Q49520110127">Arkivert</a> 26. november 2014 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <i>Reuters</i>. 27. januar 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Geoffrey Hicks (2012): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24429312?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents">«Disraeli, Derby and the Suez Canal, 1875: some myths reassessed»</a>, <i>History</i> 97.326, s. 182-203.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/special-report/2010/07/15/a-favoured-spot">«A Favored Spot: Egypt is making the most of its natural advantages»</a>, <i>The Economist</i>, 17.–23. juli 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Hughes, W.; William, J.F. (1908): <i>The advanced class-book of modern geography</i>, s. 332.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/how-is-the-border-between-africa-and-asia-defined.html">«How Is The Border Between Africa And Asia Defined?»</a>, <i>WorldAtlas</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suez&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Brummett, Palmira Johnson (1994): <i>Ottoman Seapower and Levantine Diplomacy in the Age of Discovery</i>, SUNY Press</li> <li>Houtsma, Martijn Theodoor; Wensinck, A.J. (1993): <i>E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936</i>, BRILL</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24994932">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>75 språk</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Nytt emne</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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