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of air conditioners</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: efficiency of air conditioners"> <meta name="keywords" content="efficiency of air conditioners"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="efficiency of air conditioners"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6630</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: efficiency of air conditioners</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6630</span> Eco-Friendly Electricity Production from the Waste Heat of Air Conditioners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anvesh%20Rajak">Anvesh Rajak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This is a new innovation that can be developed. Here I am going to use the waste heat of air conditioner so as to produce the electricity by using the Stirling engine because this waste heat creates the thermal pollution in the environment. The waste heat from the air conditioners has caused a temperature rise of 1°–2°C or more on weekdays in the Tokyo office areas. This heating promotes the heat-island phenomenon in Tokyo on weekdays. Now these air conditioners creates the thermal pollution in the environment and hence rising the temperature of the environment. Air conditioner generally emit the waste heat air whose temperature is about 50°C which heat the environment. Today the demand of energy is increasing tremendously, but available energy lacks in supply. Hence, there is no option for proper and efficient utilization and conservation of energy. In this paper the main stress is given on energy conservation by using technique of utilizing waste heat from Air-conditioning system. Actually the focus is on the use of the waste heat rather than improving the COP of the air- conditioners; if also we improve the COP of air conditioners gradually it would emit some waste heat so I want that waste heat to be used up. As I have used air conditioner’s waste heat to produce electricity so similarly there are various other appliances which emit the waste heat in the surrounding so here also we could use the Stirling engines and Geothermal heat pump concept to produce the electricity and hence can reduce the thermal pollution in the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stirling%20engine" title="stirling engine">stirling engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20heat%20pumps" title=" geothermal heat pumps"> geothermal heat pumps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20heat" title=" waste heat"> waste heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20conditioners" title=" air conditioners"> air conditioners</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21473/eco-friendly-electricity-production-from-the-waste-heat-of-air-conditioners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6629</span> Artificial Neural Network to Predict the Optimum Performance of Air Conditioners under Environmental Conditions in Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amr%20Sadek">Amr Sadek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelrahaman%20Al-Qahtany"> Abdelrahaman Al-Qahtany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey%20Salem%20Al-Qahtany"> Turkey Salem Al-Qahtany</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a backpropagation artificial neural network (ANN) model has been used to predict the cooling and heating capacities of air conditioners (AC) under different conditions. Sufficiently large measurement results were obtained from the national energy-efficiency laboratories in Saudi Arabia and were used for the learning process of the ANN model. The parameters affecting the performance of the AC, including temperature, humidity level, specific heat enthalpy indoors and outdoors, and the air volume flow rate of indoor units, have been considered. These parameters were used as inputs for the ANN model, while the cooling and heating capacity values were set as the targets. A backpropagation ANN model with two hidden layers and one output layer could successfully correlate the input parameters with the targets. The characteristics of the ANN model including the input-processing, transfer, neurons-distance, topology, and training functions have been discussed. The performance of the ANN model was monitored over the training epochs and assessed using the mean squared error function. The model was then used to predict the performance of the AC under conditions that were not included in the measurement results. The optimum performance of the AC was also predicted under the different environmental conditions in Saudi Arabia. The uncertainty of the ANN model predictions has been evaluated taking into account the randomness of the data and lack of learning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title="artificial neural network">artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty%20of%20model%20predictions" title=" uncertainty of model predictions"> uncertainty of model predictions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency%20of%20air%20conditioners" title=" efficiency of air conditioners"> efficiency of air conditioners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20and%20heating%20capacities" title=" cooling and heating capacities"> cooling and heating capacities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172795/artificial-neural-network-to-predict-the-optimum-performance-of-air-conditioners-under-environmental-conditions-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172795.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6628</span> Peltier Air Conditioning System for Preventing Ambient Heating: An Alternative to Gas Air Conditioners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siamak%20Eskandari">Siamak Eskandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neda%20Ebadi"> Neda Ebadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> After discovering and using Freon as refrigerant in refrigerators and air conditioners, researchers have been working hard to minimize massive environmental damage caused by this type of systems, including ozone depletion, heat production, and urban warming. However, there is a growing concern for global warming and climate change and its impacts on climates. Although gas air conditioners can provide comfort in short term, there are long-term consequences and effects, including global warming, polar ice melting, sea level rising, rising sea surface temperatures, reduction in seasonal precipitation, tropical storms, and drought. In this theoretical and practical study, Peltier electronic chip was used with no gas in the structure and operation. In fact, cooling and heating are based on bipolar electronics. With an innovative method, Peltier air conditioners provide cooling in warm seasons and heating in cold seasons in buildings. Such a system prevents ambient warming. The problem of air circulation between high buildings in large cities and draught will be considerably resolved through the use of the silent fan in the system. In addition, the system is designed and developed in accordance with international standards such as LEED and Energy Star. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title="energy">energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Building%20cooling%20and%20heating" title=" Building cooling and heating"> Building cooling and heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peltier" title=" peltier"> peltier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leed" title=" leed"> leed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20star" title=" energy star"> energy star</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84249/peltier-air-conditioning-system-for-preventing-ambient-heating-an-alternative-to-gas-air-conditioners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6627</span> Research on Energy-Related Occupant Behavior of Residential Air Conditioning Based on Zigbee Intelligent Electronic Equipment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawei%20Xia">Dawei Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benyan%20Jiang"> Benyan Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Li"> Yong Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Split-type air conditioners is widely used for indoor temperature regulation in urban residential buildings in summer in China. The energy-related occupant behavior has a great impact on building energy consumption. Obtaining the energy-related occupant behavior data of air conditioners is the research basis for the energy consumption prediction and simulation. Relying on the development of sensing and control technology, this paper selects Zigbee intelligent electronic equipment to monitor the energy-related occupant behavior of 20 households for 3 months in summer. Through analysis of data, it is found that people of different ages in the region have significant difference in the time, duration, frequency, and energy consumption of air conditioners, and form a data model of three basic energy-related occupant behavior patterns to provide an accurate simulation of energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupant%20behavior" title="occupant behavior">occupant behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zigbee" title=" Zigbee"> Zigbee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=split%20air%20conditioner" title=" split air conditioner"> split air conditioner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20simulation" title=" energy simulation"> energy simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100960/research-on-energy-related-occupant-behavior-of-residential-air-conditioning-based-on-zigbee-intelligent-electronic-equipment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6626</span> Energy Analysis of Seasonal Air Conditioning Demand of All Income Classes Using Bottom up Model in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba%20Arif">Saba Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anam%20Nadeem"> Anam Nadeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roman%20Kalvin"> Roman Kalvin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanzeel%20Rashid"> Tanzeel Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burhan%20Ali"> Burhan Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juntakan%20Taweekun"> Juntakan Taweekun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, the energy crisis is taking serious attention. Globally, industries and building are major share takers of energy. 72% of total global energy is consumed by residential houses, markets, and commercial building. Additionally, in appliances air conditioners are major consumer of electricity; about 60% energy is used for cooling purpose in houses due to HVAC units. Energy demand will aid in determining what changes will be needed whether it is the estimation of the required energy for households or instituting conservation measures. Bottom-up model is one of the most famous methods for forecasting. In current research bottom-up model of air conditioners' energy consumption in all income classes in comparison with seasonal variation and hourly consumption is calculated. By comparison of energy consumption of all income classes by usage of air conditioners, total consumption of actual demand and current availability can be seen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20conditioning" title="air conditioning">air conditioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bottom%20up%20model" title=" bottom up model"> bottom up model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income%20classes" title=" income classes"> income classes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20demand" title=" energy demand"> energy demand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83887/energy-analysis-of-seasonal-air-conditioning-demand-of-all-income-classes-using-bottom-up-model-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83887.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6625</span> Studies on Lucrative Design of a Waste Heat Recovery System for Air Conditioners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashwin%20Bala">Ashwin Bala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Panthalaraja%20Kumaran"> K. Panthalaraja Kumaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Prithviraj"> S. Prithviraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Pradeep"> R. Pradeep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Udhayakumar"> J. Udhayakumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ajith"> S. Ajith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, studies have been carried out for an in-house design of a waste heat recovery system for effectively utilizing the domestic air conditioner heat energy for producing hot water. Theoretical studies have been carried to optimizing the flow rate for getting maximum output with a minimum size of the heater. Critical diameter, wall thickness, and total length of the water pipeline have been estimated from the conventional heat transfer model. Several combinations of pipeline shapes viz., spiral, coil, zigzag wound through the radiator has been attempted and accordingly shape has been optimized using heat transfer analyses. The initial condition is declared based on the water flow rate and temperature. Through the parametric analytical studies we have conjectured that water flow rate, temperature difference between incoming water and radiator skin temperature, pipe material, radiator material, geometry of the water pipe viz., length, diameter, and wall thickness are having bearing on the lucrative design of a waste heat recovery system for air conditioners. Results generated through the numerical studies have been validated using an in-house waste heat recovery system for air conditioners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20conditioner%20design" title="air conditioner design">air conditioner design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20conversion%20system" title=" energy conversion system"> energy conversion system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiator%20design%20for%20energy%20recovery%20systems" title=" radiator design for energy recovery systems"> radiator design for energy recovery systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20heat%20recovery%20system" title=" waste heat recovery system "> waste heat recovery system </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36217/studies-on-lucrative-design-of-a-waste-heat-recovery-system-for-air-conditioners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36217.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6624</span> A Way to Recognize Origin of Soil Conditioners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Santagostini">Laura Santagostini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vittoria%20Guglielmi"> Vittoria Guglielmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The meaning of the word 'Nature' (literally 'that which is about to be born') has accompanied researchers throughout their study of the environment and has led to the design of technical means to improve the properties of the soil, modifying its structure and/or consistency, thus favouring the emergence and growth of plants. These include soil improvers, i.e. any substance, natural or synthetic, mineral or organic, capable of modifying and improving the chemical, physical, biological and mechanical properties and characteristics of the soil. In particular, GCSCs (Green Composted Soil Conditioners) are soil conditioners produced through a controlled process of transforming selected organic green waste materials, such as clippings from the maintenance of ornamental greenery, crop residues and other plant waste. The use of GCSC in horticulture, fruit growing, industrial cultivation and nursery gardening is an active way to return organic carbon to the soil, thus limiting CO2 emissions and the production of greenhouse gases, and also to limit the environmental impact of peat extraction, which is normally used in these areas of application. With a view to distinguish between GCSC and peats and to assess what further contributions GCSC can provide to the soil and growing plants, we studied the behaviour of the two substrates by chromatographic techniques. After treating the individual soil improvers with different solvents, used individually or by applying a polarity gradient, the extracts obtained were analysed by HPLC and LCMS in order to assess their composition mainly from a qualitative point of view. Data obtained show in GCSC the presence of polyphenolic derivatives attributable to the degradation of plant material and potentially useful for the development and growth of young plants, while commercial peat-based products only sporadically showed the presence of recognisable molecules, confirming the lower complexity of the matrix under analysis. These results allowed us to distinguish the two different types of soil conditioner based on their chromatographic profiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromatographic%20profile" title="chromatographic profile">chromatographic profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPLC" title=" HPLC"> HPLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyphenols" title=" polyphenols"> polyphenols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20conditioners" title=" soil conditioners"> soil conditioners</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164094/a-way-to-recognize-origin-of-soil-conditioners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164094.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6623</span> Challenges and Opportunities in Modelling Energy Behavior of Household in Malaysia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuhaina%20Zakaria">Zuhaina Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noraliza%20Hamzah"> Noraliza Hamzah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Halijjah%20Shariff"> Siti Halijjah Shariff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Aizah%20Abdul%20Karim"> Noor Aizah Abdul Karim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The residential sector in Malaysia has become the single largest energy sector accounting for 21% of the entire energy usage of the country. In the past 10 years, a number of energy efficiency initiatives in the residential sector had been undertaken by the government including. However, there is no clear evidence that the total residential energy consumption has been reduced substantially via these strategies. Household electrical appliances such as air conditioners, refrigerators, lighting and televisions are used depending on the consumers’ activities. The behavior of household occupants played an important role in energy consumption and influenced the operation of the physical devices. Therefore, in order to ensure success in energy efficiency program, it requires not only the technological aspect but also the consumers’ behaviors component. This paper focuses on the challenges and opportunities in modelling residential consumer behavior in Malaysia. A field survey to residential consumers was carried out and responses from the survey were analyzed to determine the consumers’ level of knowledge and awareness on energy efficiency. The analyses will be used in determining a right framework to explain household energy use intentions and behavior. These findings will be beneficial to power utility company and energy regulator in addressing energy efficiency related issues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20behavior%20theories" title="consumer behavior theories">consumer behavior theories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household%20occupants" title=" household occupants"> household occupants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20consumer" title=" residential consumer"> residential consumer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53418/challenges-and-opportunities-in-modelling-energy-behavior-of-household-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6622</span> Feasibility Study of Air Conditioners Operated by Solar Energy in Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20Simbawa">Eman Simbawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Budur%20Alasmri"> Budur Alasmri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Munahir"> Hanan Munahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanin%20Munahir"> Hanin Munahir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solar energy has become currently the subject of attention around the world and is undergoing many researches and studies. Using solar energy, which is a renewable energy, is aligned with the Saudi Vision 2030. People are more aware of it and are starting to use it more for environmental and economical reasons. A questionnaire was conducted in this paper to measure the awareness of people in Saudi Arabia regarding solar energy and their attitude towards it. Then, two kinds of air conditioners (one powered by electricity only and one powered by solar panels and electricity) are compared in terms of their cost over a period of 20 years. This will help the users to decide which kind of device to use depending on its cost. The result shows that as the electricity tariffs in Saudi Arabia increases, depending on the sector, the solar air conditioner is cheaper. In fact, if the tariff in the future increases to reach 50 Halalah/kWh, the solar air conditioner is more economical. This will influence users to buy more solar powered devices, and it will decrease the consumption of electricity. Therefore, the dependence on oil will decrease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Airconditioner" title="Airconditioner">Airconditioner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20cells" title=" photovoltaic cells"> photovoltaic cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=present%20value" title=" present value"> present value</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123833/feasibility-study-of-air-conditioners-operated-by-solar-energy-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6621</span> Environmental Protection by Optimum Utilization of Car Air Conditioners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanchita%20Abrol">Sanchita Abrol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunal%20Rana"> Kunal Rana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankit%20Dhir"> Ankit Dhir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Gupta"> S. K. Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to N.R.E.L.’s findings, 700 crore gallons of petrol is used annually to run the air conditioners of passenger vehicles (nearly 6% of total fuel consumption in the USA). Beyond fuel use, the Environmental Protection Agency reported that refrigerant leaks from auto air conditioning units add an additional 5 crore metric tons of carbon emissions to the atmosphere each year. The objective of our project is to deal with this vital issue by carefully modifying the interiors of a car thereby increasing its mileage and the efficiency of its engine. This would consequently result in a decrease in tail emission and generated pollution along with improved car performance. An automatic mechanism, deployed between the front and the rear seats, consisting of transparent thermal insulating sheet/curtain, would roll down as per the requirement of the driver in order to optimize the volume for effective air conditioning, when travelling alone or with a person. The reduction in effective volume will yield favourable results. Even on a mild sunny day, the temperature inside a parked car can quickly spike to life-threatening levels. For a stationary parked car, insulation would be provided beneath its metal body so as to reduce the rate of heat transfer and increase the transmissivity. As a result, the car would not require a large amount of air conditioning for maintaining lower temperature, which would provide us similar benefits. Authors established the feasibility studies, system engineering and primarily theoretical and experimental results confirming the idea and motivation to fabricate and test the actual product. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automation" title="automation">automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car" title=" car"> car</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20insulating%20curtains" title=" cooling insulating curtains"> cooling insulating curtains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20optimization" title=" heat optimization"> heat optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulation" title=" insulation"> insulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduction%20in%20tail%20emission" title=" reduction in tail emission"> reduction in tail emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mileage" title=" mileage"> mileage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19174/environmental-protection-by-optimum-utilization-of-car-air-conditioners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6620</span> Evaporative Air Coolers Optimization for Energy Consumption Reduction and Energy Efficiency Ratio Increment </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Torkaman">Leila Torkaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20Ghassembaglou"> Nasser Ghassembaglou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Significant quota of Municipal Electrical Energy consumption is related to Decentralized Air Conditioning which is mostly provided by evaporative coolers. So the aim is to optimize design of air conditioners to increase their efficiencies. To achieve this goal, results of practical standardized tests for 40 evaporative coolers in different types collected and simultaneously results for same coolers based on one of EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) modeling styles are figured out. By comparing experimental results of different coolers standardized tests with modeling results, preciseness of used model is assessed and after comparing gained preciseness with international standards based on EER for cooling capacity, aeration and also electrical energy consumption, energy label from A (most effective) to G (less effective) is classified. finally needed methods to optimize energy consumption and cooler's classification are provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooler" title="cooler">cooler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EER" title=" EER"> EER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20label" title=" energy label"> energy label</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27847/evaporative-air-coolers-optimization-for-energy-consumption-reduction-and-energy-efficiency-ratio-increment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6619</span> Comprehensive Assessment of Energy Efficiency within the Production Process </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kreitlein">S. Kreitlein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Eder"> N. Eder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Franke"> J. Franke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The importance of energy efficiency within the production process increases steadily. Unfortunately, so far no tools for a comprehensive assessment of energy efficiency within the production process exist. Therefore the Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems of the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg has developed two methods with the goal of achieving transparency and a quantitative assessment of energy efficiency: EEV (Energy Efficiency Value) and EPE (Energetic Process Efficiency). This paper describes the basics and state of the art as well as the developed approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency%20value" title=" energy efficiency value"> energy efficiency value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20process%20efficiency" title=" energetic process efficiency"> energetic process efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production" title=" production"> production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23200/comprehensive-assessment-of-energy-efficiency-within-the-production-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23200.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">733</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6618</span> A Refrigerated Condition for the Storage of Glucose Test Strips at Health Promoting Hospitals: An Implication for Hospitals with Limited Air Conditioners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanutchaya%20Duanginta">Wanutchaya Duanginta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Napaporn%20Apiratmateekul"> Napaporn Apiratmateekul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tippawan%20Sangkaew"> Tippawan Sangkaew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunaree%20Wekinhirun"> Sunaree Wekinhirun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunchit%20Kongros"> Kunchit Kongros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanvisa%20Treebuphachatsakul"> Wanvisa Treebuphachatsakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thailand has a tropical climate with an average outdoor ambient air temperature of over 30°C, which can exceed manufacturer recommendations for the storage of glucose test strips. This study monitored temperature and humidity at actual sites of five sub-district health promoting hospitals (HPH) in Phitsanulok Province for the storage of glucose test strips in refrigerated conditions. Five calibrated data loggers were placed at the actual sites for glucose test strip storage at five HPHs for 8 weeks between April and June. For the stress test, two lot numbers of glucose test strips, each with two glucose meters, were kept in a plastic box with desiccants and placed in a refrigerator with the temperature calibrated to 4°C and at room temperature (RT). Temperature and humidity in the refrigerator and at RT were measured every hour for 30 days. The mean temperature for storing test strips at the five HPHs ranged from 29°C to 33°C, and three of the five HPHs (60%) had a mean temperature above 30°C. The refrigerator temperatures were 3.8 ± 2.0°C (2.0°C to 6.5°C), and relative humidity was 51 ± 2% (42 to 54%). The maximum of blood glucose testing by glucose meters when the test strips were stored in a refrigerator were not significantly different (p > 0.05) from unstressed test strips for both glucose meters using amperometry-GDH-PQQ and amperometry-GDH-FAD principles. Opening the test strip vial daily resulted in higher variation than when refrigerated after a single-use. However, the variations were still within an acceptable range. This study concludes that glucose tested strips can be stored in plastic boxes in a refrigerator if it is well-controlled for temperature and humidity. Storage of glucose-tested strips in the refrigerator during hot and humid weather may be useful for HPHs with limited air conditioners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20stressed%20test" title="environmental stressed test">environmental stressed test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20stressed%20test" title=" thermal stressed test"> thermal stressed test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20control" title=" quality control"> quality control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point-of-care%20testing" title=" point-of-care testing"> point-of-care testing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137562/a-refrigerated-condition-for-the-storage-of-glucose-test-strips-at-health-promoting-hospitals-an-implication-for-hospitals-with-limited-air-conditioners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137562.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6617</span> Retrofitting Residential Buildings for Energy Efficiency: An Experimental Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naseer%20M.%20A.">Naseer M. A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Buildings are major consumers of energy in both their construction and operation. They account for 40% of World’s energy use. It is estimated that 40-60% of this goes for conditioning the indoor environment. In India, like many other countries, the residential buildings have a major share (more than 50%) in the building sector. Of these, single-family units take a mammoth share. The single-family dwelling units in the urban and fringe areas are built in two stories to minimize the building foot print on small land parcels. And quite often, the bedrooms are located in the first floors. The modern buildings are provided with reinforced concrete (RC) roofs that absorb heat throughout the day and radiate the heat into the interiors during the night. The rooms that are occupied in the night, like bedrooms, are having their indoors uncomfortable. This has resulted in the use of active systems like air-conditioners and air coolers, thereby increasing the energy use. An investigation conducted by monitoring the thermal comfort condition in the residential building with RC roofs have proved that the indoors are really uncomfortable in the night hours. A sustainable solution to improve the thermal performance of the RC roofs was developed by an experimental study by continuously monitoring the thermal comfort parameters during summer (the period that is most uncomfortable in temperate climate). The study conducted in the southern peninsular India, prove that retrofitting of existing residential building can give a sustainable solution in abating the ever increasing energy demand especially when it is a fact that these residential buildings that are built for a normal life span of 40 years would continue to consume the energy for the rest of its useful life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retrofitting" title=" retrofitting"> retrofitting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20buildings" title=" residential buildings"> residential buildings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83498/retrofitting-residential-buildings-for-energy-efficiency-an-experimental-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6616</span> An Output Oriented Super-Efficiency Model for Considering Time Lag Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanshuang%20Zhang">Yanshuang Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungho%20Jeong"> Byungho Jeong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There exists some time lag between the consumption of inputs and the production of outputs. This time lag effect should be considered in calculating efficiency of decision making units (DMU). Recently, a couple of DEA models were developed for considering time lag effect in efficiency evaluation of research activities. However, these models can’t discriminate efficient DMUs because of the nature of basic DEA model in which efficiency scores are limited to ‘1’. This problem can be resolved a super-efficiency model. However, a super efficiency model sometimes causes infeasibility problem. This paper suggests an output oriented super-efficiency model for efficiency evaluation under the consideration of time lag effect. A case example using a long term research project is given to compare the suggested model with the MpO model <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title="DEA">DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Super-efficiency" title=" Super-efficiency"> Super-efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Time%20Lag" title=" Time Lag"> Time Lag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20activities" title=" research activities"> research activities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21208/an-output-oriented-super-efficiency-model-for-considering-time-lag-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">658</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6615</span> Power Efficiency Characteristics of Magnetohydrodynamic Thermodynamic Gas Cycle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Huleihil">Mahmoud Huleihil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the performance of a thermodynamic gas cycle of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generation is considered and presented in terms of power efficiency curves. The dissipation mechanisms considered include: fluid friction modeled by means of the isentropic efficiency of the compressor, heat transfer leakage directly from the hot reservoir to the cold heat reservoir, and constant velocity of the MHD generator. The study demonstrates that power and efficiency vanish at the extremes of both slow and fast operating conditions. These points are demonstrated on power efficiency curves and the locus of efficiency at maximum power and the locus of maximum efficiency. Qualitatively, the considered loss mechanisms have a similar effect on the efficiency at maximum power operation and on maximum efficiency operation, thus these efficiencies are reduced, even for small values of the loss mechanisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetohydrodynamic%20generator" title="magnetohydrodynamic generator">magnetohydrodynamic generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20efficiency" title=" electrical efficiency"> electrical efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20power" title=" maximum power"> maximum power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20efficiency" title=" maximum efficiency"> maximum efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20engine" title=" heat engine"> heat engine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103498/power-efficiency-characteristics-of-magnetohydrodynamic-thermodynamic-gas-cycle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6614</span> Fin Efficiency of Helical Fin with Fixed Fin Tip Temperature Boundary Condition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20G.%20Carranza">Richard G. Carranza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Ospina"> Juan Ospina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fin efficiency for a helical fin with a fixed fin tip (or arbitrary) temperature boundary condition is presented. Firstly, the temperature profile throughout the fin is determined via an energy balance around the fin itself. Secondly, the fin efficiency is formulated by integrating across the entire surface of the helical fin. An analytical expression for the fin efficiency is presented and compared with the literature for accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title="efficiency">efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fin" title=" fin"> fin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat" title=" heat"> heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helical" title=" helical"> helical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer" title=" transfer"> transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24252/fin-efficiency-of-helical-fin-with-fixed-fin-tip-temperature-boundary-condition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">684</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6613</span> Performance of Environmental Efficiency of Energy Consumption in OPEC Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahram%20Fathi">Bahram Fathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Khodaparast%20Mashhadi"> Mahdi Khodaparast Mashhadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masuod%20Homayounifar"> Masuod Homayounifar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global awareness on energy security and climate change has created much interest in assessing energy efficiency performance. A number of previous studies have contributed to evaluate energy efficiency performance using different analytical techniques among which data envelopment analysis (DEA) has recently received increasing attention. Most of DEA-related energy efficiency studies do not consider undesirable outputs such as CO2 emissions in their modeling framework, which may lead to biased energy efficiency values. Within a joint production frame work of desirable and undesirable outputs, in this paper we construct energy efficiency performance index for measuring energy efficiency performance by using environmental DEA model with CO2 emissions. We finally apply the index proposed to assess the energy efficiency performance in OPEC over time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental" title=" environmental"> environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OPEC" title=" OPEC"> OPEC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title=" data envelopment analysis"> data envelopment analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40892/performance-of-environmental-efficiency-of-energy-consumption-in-opec-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6612</span> Maximizing the Efficiency of Knowledge Management Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tori%20Reddy%20Dodla">Tori Reddy Dodla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Ann%20Jones"> Laura Ann Jones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to propose strategies to improve the efficiency of Knowledge Management Systems (KMS). This study highlights best practices from various industries to create an overall summary of Knowledge Management (KM) and efficiency in organizational performance. Results indicated eleven best practices for maximizing the efficiency of organizational KMS that can be divided into four categories: Designing the KMS, Identifying Case Studies, Implementing the KMS, and Promoting adoption and usage. Our findings can be used as a foundation for scholars to conduct further research on KMS efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management%20efficiency" title=" knowledge management efficiency"> knowledge management efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management%20systems" title=" knowledge management systems"> knowledge management systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20performance" title=" organizational performance"> organizational performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165236/maximizing-the-efficiency-of-knowledge-management-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6611</span> Impact of Organic Fertilizer, Inorganic Fertilizer and Soil Conditioner on Growth and Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) in Sudan Savannah, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Bello%20Sokoto">Mohammed Bello Sokoto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adewumi%20Babatunde%20Adebayo"> Adewumi Babatunde Adebayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajit%20Singh"> Ajit Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The field experiment was conducted at the dry land Teaching and Research Farm of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, during the 2023 rainy season to determine the effects of organic, inorganic, soil conditioner and integrated use of soil conditioners (Agzyme) with organic (super gro) and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of cowpea varieties. The research consisted of two cowpea varieties (SAMPEA-20-T and ex-GidanYunfa) and six combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers and soil conditioners factorially combined and laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three times. Data were collected on plant height, leaf area index, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, days to 50% flowering, grain yield, and 100 seed weight. Results indicated that the 100% inorganic fertilizer had a significantly increased growth parameter such as plant height and number of leaves, while combined application of the organic fertilizer and soil conditioner resulted in a significant increase in yield parameters such as number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight and grain yield. The study observed that the use of soil conditioner in combination with fertilizers supports sustainable cowpea production. Application of 50% recommended inorganic + 50% soil conditioner or 50% liquid organic + 50% soil conditioner was better in increasing the number of pods/plant, seeds/pod, 100 seed weight and grain yield. The ex-Gidan Yunfa cowpea variety generally performed better in most parameters measured, such as plant height, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight and grain yield. Therefore, the combined application of 50% recommended inorganic + 50% soil conditioner or 50% liquid organic + 50% soil conditioner is effective for the sustainable production of cowpeas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated" title="integrated">integrated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizers" title=" fertilizers"> fertilizers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cowpea" title=" cowpea"> cowpea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudan%20Savannah" title=" Sudan Savannah"> Sudan Savannah</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186529/impact-of-organic-fertilizer-inorganic-fertilizer-and-soil-conditioner-on-growth-and-yield-of-cowpea-vigna-unguiculata-l-walp-in-sudan-savannah-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186529.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6610</span> A Super-Efficiency Model for Evaluating Efficiency in the Presence of Time Lag Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanshuang%20Zhang">Yanshuang Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungho%20Jeong"> Byungho Jeong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many cases, there is a time lag between the consumption of inputs and the production of outputs. This time lag effect should be considered in evaluating the performance of organizations. Recently, a couple of DEA models were developed for considering time lag effect in efficiency evaluation of research activities. Multi-periods input(MpI) and Multi-periods output(MpO) models are integrated models to calculate simple efficiency considering time lag effect. However, these models can’t discriminate efficient DMUs because of the nature of basic DEA model in which efficiency scores are limited to ‘1’. That is, efficient DMUs can’t be discriminated because their efficiency scores are same. Thus, this paper suggests a super-efficiency model for efficiency evaluation under the consideration of time lag effect based on the MpO model. A case example using a long-term research project is given to compare the suggested model with the MpO model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title="DEA">DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-efficiency" title=" super-efficiency"> super-efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20lag" title=" time lag"> time lag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-periods%20input" title=" multi-periods input"> multi-periods input</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13008/a-super-efficiency-model-for-evaluating-efficiency-in-the-presence-of-time-lag-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">474</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6609</span> On the Efficiency of a Double-Cone Gravitational Motor and Generator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barenten%20Suciu">Barenten Suciu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akio%20Miyamura"> Akio Miyamura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, following the study-case of an inclined plane gravitational machine, efficiency of a double-cone gravitational motor and generator is evaluated. Two types of efficiency ratios, called <em>translational efficiency</em> and <em>rotational efficiency</em>, are defined relative to the intended duty of the gravitational machine, which can be either the production of translational kinetic energy, or rotational kinetic energy. One proved that, for pure rolling movement of the double- cone, in the absence of rolling friction, the total mechanical energy is conserved. In such circumstances, as the motion of the double-cone progresses along rails, the translational efficiency decreases and the rotational efficiency increases, in such way that sum of the rotational and translational efficiencies remains unchanged and equal to 1. Results obtained allow a comparison of the gravitational machine with other types of motor-generators, in terms of the achievable efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title="efficiency">efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravitational%20motor%20and%20generator" title=" gravitational motor and generator"> gravitational motor and generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolling%20and%20sliding" title=" rolling and sliding"> rolling and sliding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=truncated%20double-cone" title=" truncated double-cone"> truncated double-cone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80923/on-the-efficiency-of-a-double-cone-gravitational-motor-and-generator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6608</span> Integrating Data Envelopment Analysis and Variance Inflation Factor to Measure the Efficiency of Decision Making Units</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Kazemi">Mostafa Kazemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20N.%20Farkhani"> Zahra N. Farkhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes an integrated Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) model for measuring the technical efficiency of decision making units. The model is validated using a set of 69% sales representatives’ dairy products. The analysis is done in two stages, in the first stage, VIF technique is used to distinguish independent effective factors of resellers, and in the second stage we used DEA for measuring efficiency for both constant and variable return to scales status. Further DEA is used to examine the utilization of environmental factors on efficiency. Results of this paper indicated an average managerial efficiency of 83% in the whole sales representatives’ dairy products. In addition, technical and scale efficiency were counted 96% and 80% respectively. 38% of sales representative have the technical efficiency of 100% and 72% of the sales representative in terms of managerial efficiency are quite efficient.High levels of relative efficiency indicate a good condition for sales representative efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis%20%28DEA%29" title="data envelopment analysis (DEA)">data envelopment analysis (DEA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20efficiency" title=" relative efficiency"> relative efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sales%20representatives%E2%80%99%20dairy%20products" title=" sales representatives’ dairy products"> sales representatives’ dairy products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variance%20inflation%20factor%20%28VIF%29" title=" variance inflation factor (VIF)"> variance inflation factor (VIF)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35762/integrating-data-envelopment-analysis-and-variance-inflation-factor-to-measure-the-efficiency-of-decision-making-units" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">568</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6607</span> Evaluation of Research in the Field of Energy Efficiency and MCA Methods Using Publications Databases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Sep%C3%BAlveda">Juan Sepúlveda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy is a fundamental component in sustainability, the access and use of this resource is related with economic growth, social improvements, and environmental impacts. In this sense, energy efficiency has been studied as a factor that enhances the positive impacts of energy in communities; however, the implementation of efficiency requires strong policy and strategies that usually rely on individual measures focused in independent dimensions. In this paper, the problem of energy efficiency as a multi-objective problem is studied, using scientometric analysis to discover trends and patterns that allow to identify the main variables and study approximations related with a further development of models to integrate energy efficiency and MCA into policy making for small communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCA" title=" MCA"> MCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scientometric" title=" scientometric"> scientometric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trends" title=" trends"> trends</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45537/evaluation-of-research-in-the-field-of-energy-efficiency-and-mca-methods-using-publications-databases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6606</span> Efficiency in Islamic Banks: Some Empirical Evidences in Indonesian Finance Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Sameer%20El%20Khatib">Ahmed Sameer El Khatib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present paper is to examine the revenue efficiency of the Indonesian Islamic banking sector. The study also seeks to investigate the potential internal (bank specific) and external (macroeconomic) determinants that influence the revenue efficiency of Indonesian domestic Islamic banks. We employ the whole gamut of domestic and foreign Islamic banks operating in the Indonesian Islamic banking sector during the period of 2009 to 2018. The level of revenue efficiency is computed by using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Furthermore, we employ a panel regression analysis framework based on the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method to examine the potential determinants of revenue efficiency. The results indicate that the level of revenue efficiency of Indonesian domestic Islamic banks is lower compared to their foreign Islamic bank counterparts. We find that bank market power, liquidity, and management quality significantly influence the improvement in revenue efficiency of the Indonesian domestic Islamic banks during the period under study. By calculating these efficiency concepts, we can observe the efficiency levels of the domestic and foreign Islamic banks. In addition, by comparing both cost and profit efficiency, we can identify the influence of the revenue efficiency on the banks’ profitability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20Finance" title="Islamic Finance">Islamic Finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20Banks" title=" Islamic Banks"> Islamic Banks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Revenue%20Efficiency" title=" Revenue Efficiency"> Revenue Efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Data%20Envelopment%20Analysis" title=" Data Envelopment Analysis"> Data Envelopment Analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127147/efficiency-in-islamic-banks-some-empirical-evidences-in-indonesian-finance-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127147.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6605</span> Performance of Environmental Efficiency of Energy Iran and Other Middle East Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahram%20Fathi">Bahram Fathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Khodaparast%20Mashhadi"> Mahdi Khodaparast Mashhadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masuod%20Homayounifar"> Masuod Homayounifar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to 1404 forecasting documentation, among the most fundamental ways of Iran’s success in competition with other regional countries are innovations, efficiency enhancements and domestic productivity. Therefore, in this study, the energy consumption efficiency of Iran and the neighbor countries has been measured in the period between 2007-2012 considering the simultaneous economic activities, CO2 emission, and consumption of energy through data envelopment analysis of undesirable output. The results of the study indicated that the energy efficiency changes in both Iran and the average neighbor countries has been on a descending trend and Iran’s energy efficiency status is not desirable compared to the other countries in the region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental" title=" environmental"> environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undesirable%20output" title=" undesirable output"> undesirable output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title=" data envelopment analysis"> data envelopment analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39885/performance-of-environmental-efficiency-of-energy-iran-and-other-middle-east-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6604</span> Productive Efficiency in Asean Banking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suhartono%20Suhartono">Suhartono Suhartono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Issue of cost efficiency is then becoming pivotal point because public expect cost of banking operation reducing and benefited of consumers. This study examines the determinants of cost efficiency of banks operating in 8 member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). This study uses economics theory approach to examine the existence of economies of scale in the ASEAN Banking market especially on its impact on cost efficiency. We apply concept of average cost (AC) as a proxy for the cost efficiency. We find that economies of scale is existing in the banking market indicating scale and scope economies should be considered in the industrial policy. The stronger capital position is also positive to efficiency means stronger capitalized banks are more efficient. Bank that remunerates better tend to be more efficient as result economic capital effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20efficiency" title="cost efficiency">cost efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASEAN" title=" ASEAN"> ASEAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economies%20of%20scale" title=" economies of scale"> economies of scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=issue%20of%20cost" title=" issue of cost "> issue of cost </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29902/productive-efficiency-in-asean-banking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6603</span> Calculation of Detection Efficiency of Horizontal Large Volume Source Using Exvol Code</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Y.%20Kang">M. Y. Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euntaek%20Yoon"> Euntaek Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20D.%20Choi"> H. D. Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To calculate the full energy (FE) absorption peak efficiency for arbitrary volume sample, we developed and verified the EXVol (Efficiency calculator for EXtended Voluminous source) code which is based on effective solid angle method. EXVol is possible to describe the source area as a non-uniform three-dimensional (x, y, z) source. And decompose and set it into several sets of volume units. Users can equally divide (x, y, z) coordinate system to calculate the detection efficiency at a specific position of a cylindrical volume source. By determining the detection efficiency for differential volume units, the total radiative absolute distribution and the correction factor of the detection efficiency can be obtained from the nondestructive measurement of the source. In order to check the performance of the EXVol code, Si ingot of 20 cm in diameter and 50 cm in height were used as a source. The detector was moved at the collimation geometry to calculate the detection efficiency at a specific position and compared with the experimental values. In this study, the performance of the EXVol code was extended to obtain the detection efficiency distribution at a specific position in a large volume source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attenuation" title="attenuation">attenuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EXVol" title=" EXVol"> EXVol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection%20efficiency" title=" detection efficiency"> detection efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20source" title=" volume source"> volume source</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97158/calculation-of-detection-efficiency-of-horizontal-large-volume-source-using-exvol-code" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97158.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6602</span> Solving the Overheating on the Top Floor of Energy Efficient Houses: The Envelope Improvement </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sormeh%20Sharifi">Sormeh Sharifi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wasim%20Saman"> Wasim Saman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemu%20Alemu"> Alemu Alemu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Whaley"> David Whaley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although various energy rating schemes and compulsory building codes are using around the world, there are increasing reports on overheating in energy efficient dwellings. Given that the cooling demand of buildings is rising globally because of the climate change, it is more likely that the overheating issue will be observed more. This paper studied the summer indoor temperature in eight air-conditioned multi-level houses in Adelaide which have complied with the Australian Nationwide Houses Energy Rating Scheme (NatHERS) minimum energy performance of 7.5 stars. Through monitored temperature, this study explores that overheating is experienced on 75.5% of top floors during cooling periods while the air-conditioners were running. This paper found that the energy efficiency regulations have significantly improved thermal comfort in low floors, but not on top floors, and the energy-efficient house is not necessarily adapted with the air temperature fluctuations particularly on top floors. Based on the results, this study suggests that the envelope of top floors for multi-level houses in South Australian context need new criteria to make the top floor more heat resistance in order to: preventing the overheating, reducing the summer pick electricity demand and providing thermal comfort. Some methods are used to improve the envelope of the eight case studies. The results demonstrate that improving roofs was the most effective part of the top floors envelope in terms of reducing the overheating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20code" title="building code">building code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy-efficient%20building" title=" energy-efficient building"> energy-efficient building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20rating" title=" energy rating"> energy rating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overheating" title=" overheating"> overheating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88843/solving-the-overheating-on-the-top-floor-of-energy-efficient-houses-the-envelope-improvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6601</span> Economic Analysis of Policy Instruments for Energy Efficiency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Etidel%20Labidi">Etidel Labidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy efficiency improvement is one of the means to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. Recently, some developed countries have implemented the tradable white certificate scheme (TWC) as a new policy instrument based on market approach to support energy efficiency improvements. The major focus of this paper is to compare the White Certificates (TWC) scheme as an innovative policy instrument for energy efficiency improvement to other policy instruments: energy taxes and regulations setting a minimum level of energy efficiency. On the basis of our theoretical discussion and numerical simulation, we show that the white certificates system is the most interesting policy instrument for saving energy because it generates the most important level of energy savings and the least increase in energy service price. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20savings" title="energy savings">energy savings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20policy" title=" energy policy"> energy policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20certificates" title=" white certificates"> white certificates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85878/economic-analysis-of-policy-instruments-for-energy-efficiency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency%20of%20air%20conditioners&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency%20of%20air%20conditioners&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency%20of%20air%20conditioners&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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