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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Insufficienza renale</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 57 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nierversaking" title="Nierversaking - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nierversaking" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A" title="قصور كلوي - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قصور كلوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B4%D9%84_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%88%D9%89" title="فشل كلوى - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فشل كلوى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insuficiencia_renal" title="Insuficiencia renal - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Insuficiencia renal" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Бъбречна недостатъчност - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бъбречна недостатъчност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C9%94m%C9%94kili_d%C9%9Bs%C9%9B" title="Kɔmɔkili dɛsɛ - bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Kɔmɔkili dɛsɛ" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="বৃক্কের অকার্যকারিতা - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বৃক্কের অকার্যকারিতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insufici%C3%A8ncia_renal" title="Insuficiència renal - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Insuficiència renal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%95" title="سستیی گورچیلە - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سستیی گورچیلە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selh%C3%A1n%C3%AD_ledvin" title="Selhání ledvin - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Selhání ledvin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methiant_yr_arennau" title="Methiant yr arennau - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Methiant yr arennau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyresvigt" title="Nyresvigt - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nyresvigt" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nierenversagen" title="Nierenversagen - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nierenversagen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8E%DE%AA%DE%83%DE%AA%DE%8B%DE%A7_%DE%8A%DE%AD%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%88%DE%AA%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ގުރުދާ ފޭލްވުން - divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ގުރުދާ ފޭލްވުން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure" title="Kidney failure - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kidney failure" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misfunkciado_de_renoj" title="Misfunkciado de renoj - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Misfunkciado de renoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insuficiencia_renal" title="Insuficiencia renal - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Insuficiencia renal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giltzurruneko_gutxiegitasun" title="Giltzurruneko gutxiegitasun - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Giltzurruneko gutxiegitasun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%87" title="نارسایی کلیه - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نارسایی کلیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munuaisten_vajaatoiminta" title="Munuaisten vajaatoiminta - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Munuaisten vajaatoiminta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insuffisance_r%C3%A9nale" title="Insuffisance rénale - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Insuffisance rénale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliseadh_du%C3%A1n" title="Cliseadh duán - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cliseadh duán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99-%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="אי-ספיקת כליות - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אי-ספיקת כליות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubre%C5%BEna_insuficijencija" title="Bubrežna insuficijencija - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bubrežna insuficijencija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veseel%C3%A9gtelens%C3%A9g" title="Veseelégtelenség - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Veseelégtelenség" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Երիկամային անբավարարություն - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երիկամային անբավարարություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renala_feblesko" title="Renala feblesko - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Renala feblesko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%8E%E4%B8%8D%E5%85%A8" title="腎不全 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="腎不全" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%A9%ED%8C%A5_%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5%EC%83%81%EC%8B%A4" title="콩팥 기능상실 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="콩팥 기능상실" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Бубрежна слабост - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бубрежна слабост" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Бөөрний дутагдал - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бөөрний дутагдал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kegagalan_ginjal" title="Kegagalan ginjal - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kegagalan ginjal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6kh%C3%B6_Mbua" title="Fökhö Mbua - nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Fökhö Mbua" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nierfalen" title="Nierfalen - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nierfalen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyresvikt" title="Nyresvikt - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nyresvikt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%83%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%AC%95_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AB%E0%AC%B3%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE" title="ବୃକ୍‌କ ବିଫଳତା - odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବୃକ୍‌କ ବିଫଳତା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B9" title="ਗੁਰਦਾ ਫੇਲ੍ਹ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੁਰਦਾ ਫੇਲ੍ਹ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niewydolno%C5%9B%C4%87_nerek" title="Niewydolność nerek - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niewydolność nerek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insufici%C3%AAncia_renal" title="Insuficiência renal - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Insuficiência renal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insuficien%C8%9B%C4%83_renal%C4%83" title="Insuficiență renală - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Insuficiență renală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Почечная недостаточность - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Почечная недостаточность" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zatajenje_bubrega" title="Zatajenje bubrega - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zatajenje bubrega" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure" title="Kidney failure - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kidney failure" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlyhanie_obli%C4%8Diek" title="Zlyhanie obličiek - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zlyhanie obličiek" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odpoved_ledvic" title="Odpoved ledvic - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Odpoved ledvic" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Отказивање бубрега - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Отказивање бубрега" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njursvikt" title="Njursvikt - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Njursvikt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="சிறுநீரகச் செயலிழப்பு - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிறுநீரகச் செயலிழப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="ไตวาย - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไตวาย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6brek_yetmezli%C4%9Fi" title="Böbrek yetmezliği - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Böbrek yetmezliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D0%B5%D1%80_%D2%97%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Бөер җитешсезлеге - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бөер җитешсезлеге" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Ниркова недостатність - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ниркова недостатність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%92_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="گردے کی ناکامی - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گردے کی ناکامی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buyrak_yetishmovchiligi" title="Buyrak yetishmovchiligi - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Buyrak yetishmovchiligi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suy_th%E1%BA%ADn" title="Suy thận - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Suy thận" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%8E%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD" title="腎功能衰竭 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="腎功能衰竭" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%8E%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD" title="腎衰竭 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" 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Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Medicina" title="Progetto:Medicina">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint disclaimer"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/18px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/27px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/36px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Le informazioni riportate non sono consigli medici e potrebbero non essere accurate. I contenuti hanno solo fine illustrativo e non sostituiscono il parere medico: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disclaimer_medico" title="Wikipedia:Disclaimer medico">leggi le avvertenze</a>.</span></div> </div> <table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:Navy; color:#ffffff;">Insufficienza renale</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hemodialysismachine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Hemodialysismachine.jpg/210px-Hemodialysismachine.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Hemodialysismachine.jpg/316px-Hemodialysismachine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Hemodialysismachine.jpg/421px-Hemodialysismachine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1306" data-file-height="1861" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>Macchina per <a href="/wiki/Emodialisi" title="Emodialisi">emodialisi</a>, sostituisce le funzioni vitali del rene in caso di grave insufficienza renale</td></tr><tr><th>Specialità</th><td><a href="/wiki/Nefrologia" title="Nefrologia">nefrologia</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2">Classificazione e risorse esterne (<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>)</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2024/MB_cgi?field=uid&term=D051437">D051437</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476921" class="extiw" title="d:Q476921"><span title="Modifica i dati della voce Insufficienza renale su Wikidata">Modifica dati su Wikidata</span></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Malattia/man" title="Template:Malattia/man"><span title="Manuale del template Malattia">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>L'<b>insufficienza renale</b> è una riduzione delle capacità del <a href="/wiki/Rene" title="Rene">rene</a> di adempiere alle proprie funzioni (<a href="/wiki/Escrezione" title="Escrezione">escretoria</a> ed <a href="/wiki/Endocrino" class="mw-redirect" title="Endocrino">endocrina</a>) nel sistema dell'organismo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinica">Clinica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insufficienza_renale&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Clinica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insufficienza_renale&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Clinica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Clinicamente si distinguono: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_renale_acuta" title="Insufficienza renale acuta">Insufficienza renale acuta</a>, o "IRA": rapido decremento della funzione renale, con accumulo di scorie azotate e disordini dell'equilibrio acido-base e idroelettrolitico.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_renale_cronica" class="mw-redirect" title="Insufficienza renale cronica">Insufficienza renale cronica</a>, o "IRC": lento e progressivo decadimento irreversibile della funzione renale, causato da una vasta gamma di <a href="/wiki/Nefropatia" title="Nefropatia">nefropatie</a>.</li></ul> <p>L'entità dell'insufficienza è quantificabile con lo studio della <a href="/wiki/Clearance" title="Clearance">clearance</a> della <a href="/wiki/Creatinina" title="Creatinina">creatinina</a> o con formule che stimano la <a href="/wiki/Velocit%C3%A0_di_filtrazione_glomerulare" title="Velocità di filtrazione glomerulare">velocità di filtrazione glomerulare</a>, sempre ridotte in caso di insufficienze renali. </p><p>La <a href="/wiki/Scintigrafia_renale" title="Scintigrafia renale">scintigrafia renale</a> è l'unica metodica non invasiva che consente di stimare la funzione separata dei due reni, anche in presenza di valori di creatininemia ancora nella norma (quindi in fase precoce di malattia). La scintigrafia renale sequenziale, studiando l'eliminazione lungo l'apparato urinario di specifici <a href="/wiki/Radiofarmaco" title="Radiofarmaco">radiofarmaci</a> consente di quantificare, oltre alla velocità di <a href="/wiki/Filtrazione_glomerulare" title="Filtrazione glomerulare">filtrazione glomerulare</a> (GFR), il flusso plasmatico renale, la velocità di secrezione tubulare e i tempi di transito ed eliminazione del radiofarmaco lungo l'apparato urinario. Quest'ultimo parametro è utile specie nel caso si sospetti un'insufficienza renale di tipo ostruttivo, in quanto, grazie al test con <a href="/wiki/Furosemide" title="Furosemide">furosemide</a>, è possibile individuare pazienti che possano beneficiare di un rapido intervento causale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insufficienza_renale&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insufficienza_renale&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_renale_acuta" title="Insufficienza renale acuta">Insufficienza renale acuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_renale_cronica" class="mw-redirect" title="Insufficienza renale cronica">Insufficienza renale cronica</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insufficienza_renale&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insufficienza_renale&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/kidney-failure"><span style="font-style:italic;">kidney failure</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476921#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Patologie_dell'apparato_urinario"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Patologie_dell%27apparato_urinario" title="Template:Patologie dell'apparato urinario"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Patologie_dell%27apparato_urinario" title="Discussioni template:Patologie dell'apparato urinario"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Patologie_dell%27apparato_urinario&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Patologia" title="Patologia">Patologie</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Apparato_urinario" title="Apparato urinario">apparato urinario</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Nefropatia" title="Nefropatia">Malattie del rene</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Glomerulo" title="Glomerulo">Glomerulo</a></th><td colspan="1"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_nefrosica" title="Sindrome nefrosica">Nefrosica</a><br />primaria</th><td colspan="1"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Non proliferativa</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Glomerulopatia_a_lesioni_minime" title="Glomerulopatia a lesioni minime">Glomerulopatia a lesioni minime</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Glomerulosclerosi_segmentaria_e_focale" title="Glomerulosclerosi segmentaria e focale">Glomerulosclerosi segmentaria e focale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Glomerulonefrite_membranosa" title="Glomerulonefrite membranosa">Glomerulonefrite membranosa</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Proliferativa</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Glomerulonefrite_a_proliferazione_mesangiale" title="Glomerulonefrite a proliferazione mesangiale">Glomerulonefrite a proliferazione mesangiale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glomerulonefrite_proliferativa_endocapillare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glomerulonefrite proliferativa endocapillare (la pagina non esiste)">Glomerulonefrite proliferativa endocapillare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Glomerulonefrite_membrano-proliferativa" title="Glomerulonefrite membrano-proliferativa">Glomerulonefrite membrano-proliferativa</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Per condizione</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Nefropatia_diabetica" title="Nefropatia diabetica">Nefropatia diabetica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amiloidosi_familiare_renale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amiloidosi familiare renale (la pagina non esiste)">Amiloidosi familiare renale</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_nefritica" title="Sindrome nefritica">Nefritica</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Glomerulonefrite_rapidamente_progressiva" title="Glomerulonefrite rapidamente progressiva">GRP</a></th><td colspan="1"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Tipo I/Ipersensibilità di tipo II</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_Goodpasture" title="Sindrome di Goodpasture">Sindrome di Goodpasture</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Tipo II/Ipersensibilità di tipo III</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Glomerulonefrite_post-infettiva" title="Glomerulonefrite post-infettiva">Glomerulonefrite post-infettiva</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nefrite_lupica" title="Nefrite lupica">Nefrite lupica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Glomerulonefrite_a_depositi_mesangiali_di_IgA" title="Glomerulonefrite a depositi mesangiali di IgA">Glomerulonefrite a depositi mesangiali di IgA</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Tipo III</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Granulomatosi_associata_a_poliangioite" title="Granulomatosi associata a poliangioite">Granulomatosi associata a poliangioite</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Poliangioite_microscopica" title="Poliangioite microscopica">Poliangioite microscopica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_Churg-Strauss" title="Sindrome di Churg-Strauss">Sindrome di Churg-Strauss</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Generale</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Glomerulonefrite" title="Glomerulonefrite">Glomerulonefrite</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glomerulonefrosi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glomerulonefrosi (la pagina non esiste)">Glomerulonefrosi</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Nefrone" title="Nefrone">Nefrone</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Acidosi_tubulare_renale" title="Acidosi tubulare renale">Acidosi tubulare renale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Necrosi_tubulare_acuta" title="Necrosi tubulare acuta">Necrosi tubulare acuta</a><b> ·</b> Genetica (<a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_De_Toni-Fanconi-Debr%C3%A9" title="Sindrome di De Toni-Fanconi-Debré">Sindrome di De Toni-Fanconi-Debré</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_Bartter" title="Sindrome di Bartter">Sindrome di Bartter</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_Gitelman" title="Sindrome di Gitelman">Sindrome di Gitelman</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_Liddle" title="Sindrome di Liddle">Sindrome di Liddle</a>)</td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Interstizio_renale" title="Interstizio renale">Interstizio</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Nefropatia_tubulointerstiziale" title="Nefropatia tubulointerstiziale">Nefropatia tubulointerstiziale</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pielonefrite" title="Pielonefrite">Pielonefrite</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nefropatia_balcanica" class="mw-redirect" title="Nefropatia balcanica">Nefropatia balcanica</a>)</td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Generiche</th><td colspan="1"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Sindromi generiche</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Nefrite_(medicina)" title="Nefrite (medicina)">Nefrite</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nefrosi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nefrosi">Nefrosi</a><b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Insufficienza renale</a> (<a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_renale_acuta" title="Insufficienza renale acuta">Insufficienza renale acuta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_renale_cronica" class="mw-redirect" title="Insufficienza renale cronica">Insufficienza renale cronica</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pericardite_uremica" title="Pericardite uremica">Pericardite uremica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Uremia" title="Uremia">Uremia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Diabete_insipido" title="Diabete insipido">Diabete insipido</a> (<a href="/wiki/Diabete_insipido_nefrogeno" title="Diabete insipido nefrogeno">Nefrogeno</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Necrosi_papillare_renale" title="Necrosi papillare renale">Necrosi papillare renale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calici_maggiori" title="Calici maggiori">Calici maggiori</a>/<a href="/wiki/Pelvi_renale" title="Pelvi renale">pelvi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Idronefrosi" title="Idronefrosi">Idronefrosi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pionefrosi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pionefrosi (la pagina non esiste)">Pionefrosi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nefropatia_da_reflusso" title="Nefropatia da reflusso">Nefropatia da reflusso</a>)</td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Vascolari</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Stenosi_dell%27arteria_renale" title="Stenosi dell'arteria renale">Stenosi dell'arteria renale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ischemia_renale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ischemia renale (la pagina non esiste)">Ischemia renale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nefroangiosclerosi_benigna" title="Nefroangiosclerosi benigna">Nefroangiosclerosi benigna</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ipertensione_nefrovascolare" title="Ipertensione nefrovascolare">Ipertensione nefrovascolare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Necrosi_corticale_renale" title="Necrosi corticale renale">Necrosi corticale renale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nefropatia_atero-embolica" title="Nefropatia atero-embolica">Nefropatia atero-embolica</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Altro</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Nefropatia_da_analgesici" title="Nefropatia da analgesici">Nefropatia da analgesici</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nefropatia_da_mezzo_di_contrasto" title="Nefropatia da mezzo di contrasto">Nefropatia da mezzo di contrasto</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Osteodistrofia_renale" title="Osteodistrofia renale">Osteodistrofia renale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ptosi_renale" title="Ptosi renale">Ptosi renale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sindrome_di_Abderhalden%E2%80%93Kaufmann%E2%80%93Lignac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sindrome di Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac (la pagina non esiste)">Sindrome di Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Apparato_urinario" title="Apparato urinario">Apparato urinario</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Uretere" title="Uretere">Uretere</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ureterite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ureterite (la pagina non esiste)">Ureterite</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ureterocele" title="Ureterocele">Ureterocele</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Megauretere" title="Megauretere">Megauretere</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Vescica" class="mw-redirect" title="Vescica">Vescica</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Cistite_interstiziale" title="Cistite interstiziale">Cistite interstiziale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Vescica_neurogena" title="Vescica neurogena">Vescica neurogena</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sissinergia_vescico-sfinterica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sissinergia vescico-sfinterica (la pagina non esiste)">Sissinergia vescico-sfinterica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fistola_entero_vescicale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fistola entero vescicale (la pagina non esiste)">Fistola entero vescicale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Reflusso_vescico-ureterale" title="Reflusso vescico-ureterale">Reflusso vescico-ureterale</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Uretra" title="Uretra">Uretra</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Uretrite" title="Uretrite">Uretrite</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Uretrite_non_gonococcica" title="Uretrite non gonococcica">Uretrite non gonococcica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sindrome_uretrale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sindrome uretrale (la pagina non esiste)">Sindrome uretrale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stenosi_uretrale" title="Stenosi uretrale">Stenosi uretrale</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Stenosi_meatale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stenosi meatale (la pagina non esiste)">Stenosi meatale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caruncola_uretrale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caruncola uretrale (la pagina non esiste)">Caruncola uretrale</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group">Generiche</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uropatia_ostruttiva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uropatia ostruttiva (la pagina non esiste)">Uropatia ostruttiva</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Infezione_delle_vie_urinarie" title="Infezione delle vie urinarie">Infezione delle vie urinarie</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Fibrosi_retroperitoneale" title="Fibrosi retroperitoneale">Fibrosi retroperitoneale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Urolitiasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Urolitiasi">Urolitiasi</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcoli_della_vescica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calcoli della vescica (la pagina non esiste)">Calcoli della vescica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calcoli_renali" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcoli renali">Calcoli renali</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Colica_renale" title="Colica renale">Colica renale</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Malacoplachia" title="Malacoplachia">Malacoplachia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Incontinenza_urinaria" title="Incontinenza urinaria">Incontinenza urinaria</a> (<a href="/wiki/Incontinenza_urinaria_da_stress" title="Incontinenza urinaria da stress">Incontinenza urinaria da stress</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Disfunzione_d'organo"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Disfunzione_d%27organo" title="Template:Disfunzione d'organo"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Disfunzione_d%27organo" title="Discussioni template:Disfunzione d'organo"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Disfunzione_d%27organo&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title">Disfunzione d'organo</span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Singolo organo</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_cardiaca" title="Insufficienza cardiaca">Insufficienza cardiaca</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_respiratoria" title="Insufficienza respiratoria">Insufficienza respiratoria</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_epatica" title="Insufficienza epatica">Insufficienza epatica</a> (<a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_epatica_acuta" title="Insufficienza epatica acuta">Insufficienza epatica acuta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cirrosi_epatica" title="Cirrosi epatica">Insufficienza epatica cronica</a>)<b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Insufficienza renale</a> (<a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_renale_acuta" title="Insufficienza renale acuta">Insufficienza renale acuta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Malattia_renale_cronica" title="Malattia renale cronica">Insufficienza renale cronica</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Encefalopatia" title="Encefalopatia">Encefalopatia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Più organi</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_da_disfunzione_multiorgano" title="Sindrome da disfunzione multiorgano">Sindrome da disfunzione multiorgano</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=21266">21266</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; 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