CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <base href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Parliament of South Africa - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"2b5e8685-0e96-473e-b433-e571dfbbad2c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Parliament_of_South_Africa","wgTitle":"Parliament of South Africa","wgCurRevisionId":1276648168,"wgRevisionId":1276648168, "wgArticleId":376182,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Parliament_of_South_Africa","wgRelevantArticleId":376182,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true, "wgMFScriptPath":"","wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":-33.9258,"lon":18.4197},"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"arz","autonym":"مصرى","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym": "Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"az","autonym":"azərbaycanca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"azb","autonym":"تۆرکجه","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"be","autonym":"беларуская","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bg","autonym":"български","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bn","autonym":"বাংলা","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang" :"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym":"brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bs","autonym":"bosanski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ca","autonym":"català","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ckb","autonym":"کوردی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cs","autonym":"čeština","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym":"словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cy","autonym": "Cymraeg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"da","autonym":"dansk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"el","autonym":"Ελληνικά","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eo","autonym":"Esperanto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"et","autonym":"eesti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eu","autonym":"euskara","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym": "fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan","autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gl","autonym":"galego","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hi","autonym":"हिन्दी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hr","autonym":"hrvatski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hu","autonym":"magyar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hy","autonym":"հայերեն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"is","autonym":"íslenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ka","autonym":"ქართული","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kk","autonym":"қазақша","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km","autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kn","autonym":"ಕನ್ನಡ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"knc","autonym":"Yerwa Kanuri","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ko","autonym":"한국어","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks", "autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lt","autonym":"lietuvių","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lv","autonym":"latviešu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym": "मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mk","autonym":"македонски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ml","autonym":"മലയാളം","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mn","autonym":"монгол","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mr","autonym":"मराठी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ms","autonym":"Bahasa Melayu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"my","autonym":"မြန်မာဘာသာ", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym":"नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nn","autonym":"norsk nynorsk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym": "ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pnb","autonym":"پنجابی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ps","autonym":"پښتو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ro","autonym":"română","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym": "Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sco","autonym":"Scots","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sh","autonym":"srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"တႆး","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"si","autonym":"සිංහල","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sk","autonym":"slovenčina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sq","autonym":"shqip","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sr","autonym":"српски / srpski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw","autonym":"Kiswahili","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ta","autonym":"தமிழ்","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"te","autonym":"తెలుగు","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tig","autonym":"ትግሬ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tt","autonym":"татарча / tatarça","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ur","autonym":"اردو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"uz","autonym":"oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym": "vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wuu","autonym":"吴语","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew", "bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","knc","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb", "ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tig","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2185780","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false, "wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":true,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","skins.minerva.amc.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=[ "ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.amc.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.17"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/1200px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1212"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/800px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="808"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/640px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="646"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Parliament of South Africa - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.toE3TeqoPfM.O/am=gAE/d=1/rs=AN8SPfrb-VvLXC7-HeDEZvWKxfMnVTOFhw/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.toE3TeqoPfM.O/am=gAE/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfrb-VvLXC7-HeDEZvWKxfMnVTOFhw/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Parliament_of_South_Africa rootpage-Parliament_of_South_Africa stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.toE3TeqoPfM.O/am=gAE/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfrb-VvLXC7-HeDEZvWKxfMnVTOFhw/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="en" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa&anno=2" data-client="tr"></script> <div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"><a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"><input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--menu"></span> <span></span> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Main_Page?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--home"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Home</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Random?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--die"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Random</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Nearby?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--mapPin"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Nearby</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor mw-list-item menu__item--login" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Parliament+of+South+Africa&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--logIn"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Log in</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:MobileOptions&returnto=Parliament+of+South+Africa&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--settings"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Settings</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source%3Ddonate%26wmf_medium%3Dsidebar%26wmf_campaign%3Den.wikipedia.org%26uselang%3Den%26wmf_key%3Dminerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--heart"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Donate</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:About?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">About Wikipedia</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Disclaimers</span> </a></li> </ul> </div><label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Main_Page?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <span><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Parliament of South Africa</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected mw-list-item"><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.main">Article</a></li> <li class="minerva__tab mw-list-item"><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Talk:Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a></li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Parliament+of+South+Africa&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style> <p>The <b>Parliament of the Republic of South Africa</b> is <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>'s <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Legislature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Legislature">legislature</a>. It is located in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cape_Town?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, the country's legislative <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capital_city?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capital city">capital</a>.</p> <table class="infobox vcard"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green"> <div style="display:inline" class="fn org"> Parliament of the<br> Republic of South Africa <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:center;padding-left:2.5em;"> <div style="margin: 0 4em"> List </div> </div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;"> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i>10 other official names:</i></span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Afrikaans-language text"><i lang="af">Parlement van Suid-Afrika</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Afrikaans_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrikaans language">Afrikaans</a>)</span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Southern Ndebele-language text"><i lang="nr">iPalamende yeSewula Afrika</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southern_Ndebele_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Southern Ndebele language">Southern Ndebele</a>)</span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Xhosa-language text"><i lang="xh">iPalamente yoMzantsi Afrika</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Xhosa_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Xhosa language">Xhosa</a>)</span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Zulu-language text"><i lang="zu">iPhalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zulu_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zulu language">Zulu</a>)</span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Swazi-language text"><i lang="ss">iPhalamende yeNingizimu Afrika</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Swazi_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Swazi language">Swazi</a>)</span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Northern Sotho-language text"><i lang="nso">Palamente ya Afrika-Borwa</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Northern_Sotho_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Sotho language">Northern Sotho</a>)</span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Sotho-language text"><i lang="st">Palamente ya Afrika Borwa</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sotho_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sotho language">Sotho</a>)</span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Tswana-language text"><i lang="tn">Palamente ya Aforika Borwa</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tswana_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tswana language">Tswana</a>)</span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Tsonga-language text"><i lang="ts">Palamende ra Afrika Dzonga</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tsonga_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tsonga language">Tsonga</a>)</span></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span title="Venda-language text"><i lang="ve">Phaḽamennde ya Afurika Tshipembe</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venda_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Venda language">Venda</a>)</span></li> </ul> </div> </div></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/28th_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="28th South African Parliament">28th Parliament</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of arms or logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/150px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/225px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/300px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="202"></a></span> <div class="infobox-caption"> Coat of arms of the Parliament of South Africa </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ad/Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg/150px-Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ad/Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg/225px-Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ad/Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg/300px-Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="183"></a></span> <div class="infobox-caption"> Logo of Parliament </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Type</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th> <td class="infobox-data"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"> <div style="display:inline" class="category"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bicameral?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">Bicameral</a> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Houses</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Assembly of South Africa">National Assembly</a><br><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Council of Provinces">National Council of Provinces</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">History</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th> <td class="infobox-data">31 May 1910<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1910-05-31</span>)</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Leadership</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speaker_of_the_National_Assembly_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Speaker of the National Assembly of South Africa">Speaker of the National Assembly</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thoko_Didiza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thoko Didiza">Thoko Didiza</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_National_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African National Congress">ANC</a> <br> since 14 June 2024 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_National_Council_of_Provinces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Chairperson_and_Deputy_Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson of the National Council of Provinces">Chairperson of the National Council of Provinces</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Refilwe_Mtsweni-Tsipane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane">Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_National_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African National Congress">ANC</a> <br> since 15 June 2024 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Structure</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th> <td class="infobox-data"><b>490</b><br> 90 National Council<br> 400 National Assembly</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg/270px-South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg/405px-South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg/540px-South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> National Council of Provinces political groups </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"> <ul> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#33a02c; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#b2df8a; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_National_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African National Congress">ANC</a> (24 + 19)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1f78b4; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#a6cee3; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">DA</a> (12 + 9)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#e31a1c; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#fb9a99; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">EFF</a> (8 + 2)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#4CBB17; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B2F294; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UMkhonto_weSizwe_(political_party)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="UMkhonto weSizwe (political party)">MK</a> (5 + 4)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#EC8713; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Freedom_Front_Plus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Freedom Front Plus">VF+</a> (2 + 0)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF0000; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF9999; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inkatha_Freedom_Party?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inkatha Freedom Party">IFP</a> (1 + 1)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#556B2F; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#BFD49C; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patriotic_Alliance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patriotic Alliance">PA</a> (1 + 1)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFDE01; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Democratic_Movement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Democratic Movement">UDM</a> (1 + 0)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ADEBAD; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ActionSA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ActionSA">ActionSA</a> (0 + 1)</li> </ul></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg/270px-South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/South_Africa_%25E2%2580%2594_National_Assembly_2024.svg/405px-South_Africa_%25E2%2580%2594_National_Assembly_2024.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/South_Africa_%25E2%2580%2594_National_Assembly_2024.svg/540px-South_Africa_%25E2%2580%2594_National_Assembly_2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="190"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> National Assembly political groups </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><b> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Third_Cabinet_of_Cyril_Ramaphosa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Third Cabinet of Cyril Ramaphosa">Government</a> </b> (287) <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#006600; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_National_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African National Congress">ANC</a> (159)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#005BA6; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">DA</a> (87)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF0000; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inkatha_Freedom_Party?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inkatha Freedom Party">IFP</a> (17)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#388F35; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patriotic_Alliance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patriotic Alliance">PA</a> (9)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF6600; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Freedom_Front_Plus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Freedom Front Plus">VF+</a> (6)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFB300; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Democratic_Movement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Democratic Movement">UDM</a> (3)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0336D8; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rise_Mzansi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rise Mzansi">RISE</a> (2)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1c9069; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Al_Jama-ah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Al Jama-ah">Al Jama-ah</a> (2)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F36900; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Good_(political_party)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Good (political party)">Good</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patricia_de_Lille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patricia de Lille">1</a>)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#008718; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pan_Africanist_Congress_of_Azania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pan Africanist Congress of Azania">PAC</a> (1)</li> </ul><p><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliamentary_opposition?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parliamentary opposition">Opposition</a> (113)</b> <b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Progressive_Caucus_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Progressive Caucus (South Africa)">Progressive Caucus</a> (100)</b></p> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#56AA48; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UMkhonto_weSizwe_(political_party)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="UMkhonto weSizwe (political party)">MK</a> (58)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#852A2A; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">EFF</a> (39)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00ADEE; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_Transformation_Movement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African Transformation Movement">ATM</a> (2)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#363362; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Africans_Transformation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Africans Transformation">UAT</a> (1)</li> </ul><p><b> Other Parties </b> (13)</p> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#05B615; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ActionSA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ActionSA">ActionSA</a> (6)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ba0c2f; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_Christian_Democratic_Party?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African Christian Democratic Party">ACDP</a> (3)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E7B04A; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Build_One_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Build One South Africa">BOSA</a> (2)</li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#161616; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Coloured_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Coloured Congress">NCC</a> (2)</li> </ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Meeting place</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Houses_of_Parliament_(Cape_Town).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Houses_of_Parliament_%28Cape_Town%29.jpg/220px-Houses_of_Parliament_%28Cape_Town%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Houses_of_Parliament_%2528Cape_Town%2529.jpg/330px-Houses_of_Parliament_%2528Cape_Town%2529.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Houses_of_Parliament_%2528Cape_Town%2529.jpg/440px-Houses_of_Parliament_%2528Cape_Town%2529.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2274" data-file-height="1893"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament,_Cape_Town?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Houses of Parliament, Cape Town">Houses of Parliament, Cape Town</a><br> Western Cape, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Website</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.parliament.gov.za/">www<wbr>.parliament<wbr>.gov<wbr>.za</a></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"> <table class="infobox"> <caption class="infobox-title"> Parliament of South Africa </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Zulu</th> <td class="infobox-data">iPhalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Xhosa</th> <td class="infobox-data">iPalamente yoMzantsi Afrika</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Afrikaans</th> <td class="infobox-data">Parlement van Suid-Afrika</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sepedi</th> <td class="infobox-data">Palamente ya Afrika-Borwa</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Swazi</th> <td class="infobox-data">iPhalamende yeNingizimu Afrika</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sesotho</th> <td class="infobox-data">Palamente ya Afrika Borwa</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Setswana</th> <td class="infobox-data">Palamente ya Aforika Borwa</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Xitsonga</th> <td class="infobox-data">Palamende ra Afrika Dzonga</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venda</th> <td class="infobox-data">Phaḽamennde ya Afurika Tshipembe</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Southern Ndebele</th> <td class="infobox-data">iPalamende yeSewula Afrika</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <p>Under the present <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constitution_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constitution of South Africa">Constitution of South Africa</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bicameralism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a> Parliament comprises a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Assembly_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (South Africa)">National Assembly</a> and a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Council of Provinces">National Council of Provinces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/28th_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="28th South African Parliament">twenty-eighth Parliament</a> was first convened on 14 June 2024.</p> <p>From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Whites_in_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Whites in South Africa">white minority</a>. The first elections with universal suffrage were held in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_African_general_election,_1994?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="South African general election, 1994">1994</a>.</p> <p>Both chambers held their meetings in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament,_Cape_Town?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Houses of Parliament, Cape Town">Houses of Parliament, Cape Town</a> that were built 1875–1884. A <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">fire</a> broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Before_1910"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Before 1910</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#1910%E2%80%931961"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">1910–1961</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#1961%E2%80%931984"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">1961–1984</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#1984%E2%80%931994"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">1984–1994</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Since_1994"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Since 1994</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#2022_fire"><span class="tocnumber">1.5.1</span> <span class="toctext">2022 fire</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Major_political_parties_in_parliament"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Major political parties in parliament</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Seat_of_Parliament"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Seat of Parliament</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#List_of_Parliaments"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">List of Parliaments</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Parliaments_of_the_Union"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Parliaments of the Union</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Parliaments_of_the_Republic"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Parliaments of the Republic</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Democratic_Parliaments"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Democratic Parliaments</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Before_1910">Before 1910</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Before 1910" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Cape_of_Good_Hope?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope">Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope</a> </div> <p>The predecessor of the Parliament of South Africa, before the 1910 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union of South Africa">Union of South Africa</a>, was the bicameral <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Cape_of_Good_Hope?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope">Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope</a>. This was composed of the House of Assembly (the lower house) and the Legislative Council (the upper house). It dated back to the beginnings of Cape independence in 1853 and was elected according to the multi-racial <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cape_Qualified_Franchise?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cape Qualified Franchise">Cape Qualified Franchise</a> system, whereby suffrage qualifications were applied equally to all males, regardless of race.</p> <p>The buildings of the Cape Parliament went on to house the Parliament of South Africa, after union.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="1910–1961"><span id="1910.E2.80.931961"></span>1910–1961</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: 1910–1961" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><span class="anchor" id="1910"></span><span class="anchor" id="1930"></span><span class="anchor" id="1932"></span> When the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union of South Africa">Union of South Africa</a> was established in 1910,<sup id="cite_ref-saa_7-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-saa-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Parliament was <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bicameral?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">bicameral</a> and consisted of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/British_monarch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="British monarch">the King</a> or the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elizabeth_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elizabeth II">Queen</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Senate_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Senate of South Africa">Senate</a>, and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Assembly of South Africa">House of Assembly</a> (known in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Afrikaans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> as the <i>Volksraad</i>).</p> <ul> <li>The King (from 1952, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Queen_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of South Africa">Queen of South Africa</a>) was represented by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Governor-General_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Governor-General of South Africa">Governor-General</a>.</li> <li>The Senate consisted of senators nominated by the four provinces, and by the Governor-General, initially for a period of ten years. The number of senators was changed from time to time. The Senate was chaired by a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/President_of_the_Senate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="President of the Senate">President of the Senate</a> chosen by the senators from among themselves.</li> <li>The House of Assembly consisted of members who were directly elected by the voters. Each MP represented an electoral district (constituency), and most of them were elected on the basis of their political party. The number of constituencies and parliamentary seats was increased from time to time, in line with increases in the population. The House was chaired by a Speaker chosen by the MPs from among themselves.</li> <li>Only white men could be senators or MPs.</li> <li>The franchise (right to vote) was originally granted to white men in all four provinces, to black men in the Cape Province and Natal, and to Coloured men in the Cape Province – in all cases, the minimum age was 21 years.</li> </ul> <p>The composition of Parliament was changed by constitutional amendments from time to time:</p> <ul> <li>From 1930, white women had the vote, and the right to serve as senators and MPs, on the same basis as white men.</li> <li>In 1934, Parliament was declared "the sovereign legislative power in and over the Union".<sup id="cite_ref-sua_8-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-sua-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>From 1937, black voters were separated from the other races – in the Senate they were represented by four elected senators (two for the Cape, one for Natal, one for the Orange Free State and Transvaal), and in the House of Assembly by three "native representative" MPs elected in separate black constituencies.<sup id="cite_ref-rna_9-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-rna-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>From 1950, white voters in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_West_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="South West Africa">South West Africa</a>, which was under South African administration at that time, were represented by four senators and six MPs.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>From 1957, Coloured voters were separated from the whites – in the Senate, they were represented by separate senators, and in the House of Assembly by MPs elected in separate Coloured constituencies.<sup id="cite_ref-srva_11-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-srva-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To pass this amendment in the face of strong opposition (and two Supreme Court rulings), prime minister <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johannes_Strijdom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Johannes Strijdom">Johannes Strijdom</a> had to enlarge the Senate and appoint enough pro-government senators to get the two-thirds majority he needed to force through the constitutional change.<sup id="cite_ref-sa_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-sa-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Representation of black voters was ended in 1960.</li> <li>Voting age was lowered from 21 to 18 in 1960.</li> </ul> <p>In a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1960_South_African_republic_referendum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1960 South African republic referendum">referendum</a> held in 1960, a small majority of white voters approved the conversion of the country from a constitutional monarchy to a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliamentary_republic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parliamentary republic">parliamentary republic</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="1961–1984"><span id="1961.E2.80.931984"></span>1961–1984</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: 1961–1984" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><span class="anchor" id="1961"></span></p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa_1932-2000.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa_1932-2000.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="225" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="190" data-file-height="225"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 190px;height: 225px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa_1932-2000.jpg" data-width="190" data-height="225" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Coat of arms of the Parliament of South Africa 1964–2007<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>The Republic of South Africa was established in 1961. The only change made to the composition of the Parliament was the substitution of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/State_President_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="State President of South Africa">State President</a> for the Queen.<sup id="cite_ref-rsaca_14-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-rsaca-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few significant changes were made later:</p> <ul> <li>Coloured representation was ended in 1968, leaving both the Senate and the House of Assembly representing white voters only.</li> <li>South West Africa ceased to be represented in Parliament from 1977, following the passing of the South West Africa Constitution Amendment Act of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Senate was abolished with effect from 1 January 1981, changing Parliament to a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unicameral_legislature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicameral legislature">unicameral legislature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="1984–1994"><span id="1984.E2.80.931994"></span>1984–1994</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: 1984–1994" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><span class="anchor" id="1984"></span></p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tricameral_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tricameral Parliament">Tricameral Parliament</a> </div> <p>A new Constitution, introduced in 1984, re-enfranchised the Coloured population (women as well as men) and enfranchised the Indian population. It retained the existing House of Assembly for whites and established a House of Representatives to represent the Coloureds, and a House of Delegates for the Indians, making Parliament a tricameral legislature. Blacks continued to be excluded.</p> <ul> <li>Each house consisted of members elected to represent constituencies, plus a few additional members elected by the MPs, and some nominated by the State President.</li> <li>Each house legislated on "own affairs" exclusive to its own race group, and they legislated jointly on "general affairs" affecting all races.<sup id="cite_ref-rsac_17-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-rsac-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In practice, the House of Assembly, which had more MPs than the other two houses combined, continued to dominate the legislature.</li> <li>Each house was chaired by a chairman elected by its members from among themselves. They were coordinated by a Speaker of Parliament, elected by the members of all three houses in a joint sitting.</li> <li>The existing House of Assembly, elected in 1981, was deemed to have been re-elected in 1984, to coordinate its term of office with those of the two new houses. However, this was later overturned by the Supreme Court, and a separate election had to be held for the House of Assembly in 1987. The House elected in 1987 was then dissolved with the other houses in 1989.</li> </ul> <p>The black majority were still disfranchised, and the new system lacked legitimacy even among the Coloureds and Asians, many of whom boycotted elections. In a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_African_apartheid_referendum,_1992?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="South African apartheid referendum, 1992">referendum held in 1992</a>, 68.73% of (only white) voters approved the reform process that effectively ended Apartheid. In late 1993, one of the last pieces of legislation passed by the tricameral Parliament was the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Interim_Constitution_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Interim Constitution of South Africa">Interim Constitution</a>, which took effect on 27 April 1994, the same day as the first non-racial elections.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Since_1994">Since 1994</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Since 1994" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>A new interim constitution, introduced in 1994 after four years of negotiation, finally introduced all-race democracy and enfranchised men and women of all races on equal terms, the minimum age remaining 18 years. Parliament was reconstituted to consist of a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Senate_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Senate of South Africa">Senate</a> and a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Assembly_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (South Africa)">National Assembly</a>.</p> <ul> <li>The Senate consisted of 90 senators, ten nominated by each of the nine provinces. It was chaired by a President of the Senate elected by the senators from among themselves.</li> <li>The National Assembly consists of 400 members, elected by voters on a proportional representation/party list system. There are no electoral districts, and each party is allocated a number of seats proportionate to the percentage of the votes it receives across the country. It is chaired by a Speaker elected by the MPs from among themselves.</li> <li>In 1997, the current <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constitution_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constitution of South Africa">Constitution of South Africa</a> came into force, in which the Senate was replaced by a 90-member <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Council of Provinces">National Council of Provinces</a> (NCOP), made up of a 10-member delegation from each province (six delegates elected by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Provincial_legislature_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Provincial legislature (South Africa)">provincial legislature</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premier_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Premier (South Africa)">Premier</a> and three other members of the provincial legislature). The NCOP is chaired by a Chairperson elected by the members from among themselves.</li> </ul> <p>The parliamentary system uses proportional representation, with voters voting for political parties rather than for candidates.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proportional representation allows for smaller parties to have a chance of acquiring seats in parliament, although these parties often combine in order to have a stronger voice within the political system, especially against the ANC. The Independent Electoral Commission is charged with keeping elections fair, regular, and equal. Parties submit closed lists of candidates to the IEC, and the IEC fills the seats allotted to individual parties using the candidate lists after election results come in. The electoral system has seen little corruption since 1994.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minister_of_International_Relations_and_Cooperation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minister of International Relations and Cooperation">International Relations Minister and Cooperation</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Naledi_Pandor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Naledi Pandor">Naledi Pandor</a> has noted that during her term (starting 1994) a decline in political respectability had occurred in parliament, due to its members not engaging with one another in a courteous manner. She remarked that she felt undignified to be an observer of the crude behaviour, which also inhibited the conduct of successful politics.<sup id="cite_ref-cdup_19-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-cdup-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="2022_fire">2022 fire</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: 2022 fire" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">2022 Parliament of South Africa fire</a> </div> <p>On 2 January 2022, large parts of the Old Assembly Building and National Assembly building were damaged in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">a fire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A man was arrested and subsequently charged with arson.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Major_political_parties_in_parliament">Major political parties in parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Major political parties in parliament" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_National_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a>: The ANC was founded in 1912, but were banned by State President <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Robberts_Swart?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Robberts Swart">Charles Robberts Swart</a> in 1960, remaining so until the ban was lifted thirty years later by President <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F._W._De_Klerk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="F. W. De Klerk">F. W. De Klerk</a>. The ANC became the leading political party in South Africa after the first multi-racial election in 1994. The party's main platform rests on working towards racial equality and eradicating the socio-economic classes which are often based on race. The ANC has been considered a party for native South Africans, especially before 2009 when party leader <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacob_Zuma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacob Zuma">Jacob Zuma</a> faced multiple accusations regarding corruption, particularly using public funds for his own purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The economic difficulties in South Africa, as well as police brutality have both been blamed on the ANC. Currently, the ANC holds 230 seats in parliament. Support for the ANC went down between the 2014 and the 2019 general elections, with violent protests erupting all over the country in response to the allegations of corruption within the ANC and the non-delivery of municipal services.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">Democratic Alliance</a>: The DA was formed when the New National Party, the successor to the apartheid-era National Party, merged with the Democratic Party and the Federal Alliance in 2000 to form an alliance. The DA is an opposition party and has been traditionally supported by South Africa's minority communities (White, Coloured and Indian). In more recent years, the party has attempted to win votes from Black South Africans and as a result, Black support for the DA has risen over the past several years, going from 1% to 6%.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DA is a liberal party that favours free-market policies. The DA was allotted 89 seats in parliament after the 2014 general election, but the party's seat total decreased to 84 seats following the 2019 general election.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">Economic Freedom Fighters</a>: The EFF emerged eight months before the 2014 general election and won 25 seats in parliament. After the 2019 general elections, the EFF increased their seats in parliament to 44, the only party of the top three parties that achieved an increase of members in parliament. The EFF is a far-left revolutionary socialist political party, advocating for land expropriation and for an end to corruption within parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inkatha_Freedom_Party?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inkatha Freedom Party">Inkatha Freedom Party</a>: The IFP, which was formed in 1990 was the successor to the former government in the now-defunct Kwazulu Bantustan, traditionally draws its support from the Zulu people. It has however made inroads into the minority electorate of Whites and Indians. The IFP was the third-largest party until it was unseated by the EFF and is one of the few parties to have consecutive representation in parliament since democracy in 1994. The IFP apart from the ANC was part of the National Government for 10 years. The IFP champions the rights of traditional leaders and advocates for policies which favour free markets. The party is opposed to socialism and communist policies.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> <p>Because the ANC had such a large majority in parliament, smaller parties are constantly forming alliances and coalitions in order to act as a stronger opposition to the ANC-run legislative and executive branches.</p> <p>However, in the 2024 South African general <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2024_South_African_general_election?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2024 South African general election">election</a>, support for the ruling <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_National_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> (ANC) significantly declined; the ANC remained the largest party but lost the parliamentary majority that it had held since the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1994_South_African_general_election?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1994 South African general election">inaugural post-apartheid election in 1994</a>. The centrist <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">Democratic Alliance</a> (DA) remained in second place with a slight increase. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UMkhonto_we_Sizwe_(political_party)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="UMkhonto we Sizwe (political party)">uMkhonto we Sizwe</a> (MK), a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Left-wing_populist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-wing populist">left-wing populist</a> party founded 6 months prior to the election and led by former president <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacob_Zuma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacob Zuma">Jacob Zuma</a>, came in third place.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the ANC's loss of support flowed into the MK, while the DA saw some gains, and the EFF lost some support.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Seat_of_Parliament">Seat of Parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Seat of Parliament" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg/220px-National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1760" data-file-height="1168"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg/220px-National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg/330px-National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg/440px-National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Debate_chamber?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Debate chamber">chamber</a> of the National Assembly prior to the January 2022 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">fire</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Parliament sits at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament,_Cape_Town?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Houses of Parliament, Cape Town">Houses of Parliament</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cape_Town?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, even though the seat of government is in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pretoria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a>. This dates back to the foundation of the Union, when there was disagreement among the four provinces as to which city would be the national capital. As a compromise, Cape Town was designated the <i>legislative</i> capital, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bloemfontein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bloemfontein">Bloemfontein</a> the <i>judicial</i> capital, and Pretoria the <i>administrative</i> capital. The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_National_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> (ANC) government has proposed moving Parliament to Pretoria, arguing that the present arrangement is cumbersome as ministers, civil servants and diplomats must move back and forth when Parliament is in session.</p> <p>However, many Capetonians have spoken out against such a move, accusing the ANC of trying to centralise power. Under the Constitution, there is provision for Parliament to sit elsewhere than Cape Town on grounds of public interest, security or convenience and Parliament is permitted to provide in its rules and orders for sittings outside Cape Town. Rule 24 of the National Assembly Rules accordingly allows the Speaker to direct that the House will sit at 'a place other than the Houses of Parliament in Cape Town' after consulting the Leader of the House and the Chief Whip of each party represented in the House. Rule 23 of the rules of the National Council of Provinces allows the council to pass a resolution providing for it to sit elsewhere.</p> <p>In 2018, the Government of South Africa formed a project steering committee to conduct a feasibility study into moving parliament to Pretoria and to identify potential sites for a new parliament building.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2019, the Minister of Public Works announced that a list of potential sites had been drawn up.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, it was suggested that moving parliament to Pretoria would save R650 million per year.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>In January 2022, a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">fire</a> broke out at the Houses of Parliament building in Cape Town causing severe damage to the session rooms of both the National Council of Provinces and the National Assembly. The 2022 State of the Nation Address was held at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cape_Town_City_Hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cape Town City Hall">Cape Town City Hall</a> and subsequent meetings of the National Assembly will be held at Good Hope Chamber. The temporary debating chamber has previously been used for committee meetings of the National Assembly and has a seating capacity of 170, reduced to 70 during COVID-19 precautions.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The National Assembly has 400 members.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="List_of_Parliaments">List of Parliaments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: List of Parliaments" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Parliaments_of_the_Union">Parliaments of the Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Parliaments of the Union" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=1st_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="1st South African Parliament (page does not exist)">1st South African Parliament</a> (1910–1915) – majority party: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_African_Party?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="South African Party">South African Party</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=2nd_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="2nd South African Parliament (page does not exist)">2nd South African Parliament</a> (1915–1920) – majority party: South African Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=3rd_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="3rd South African Parliament (page does not exist)">3rd South African Parliament</a> (1920–1921) – majority party: South African Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=4th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="4th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">4th South African Parliament</a> (1921–1924) – majority party: South African Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=5th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="5th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">5th South African Parliament</a> (1924–1929) – majority party: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Party_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Party (South Africa)">National Party</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=6th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="6th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">6th South African Parliament</a> (1929–1933) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=7th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="7th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">7th South African Parliament</a> (1933–1938) – majority party: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Party_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Party (South Africa)">United Party</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=8th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="8th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">8th South African Parliament</a> (1938–1943) – majority party: United Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=9th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="9th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">9th South African Parliament</a> (1943–1948) – majority party: United Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=10th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="10th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">10th South African Parliament</a> (1948–1953) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=11th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="11th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">11th South African Parliament</a> (1953–1958) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=12th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="12th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">12th South African Parliament</a> (1958–1961) – majority party: National Party</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Parliaments_of_the_Republic">Parliaments of the Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Parliaments of the Republic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=13th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="13th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">13th South African Parliament</a> (1961–1966) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=14th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="14th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">14th South African Parliament</a> (1966–1970) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=15th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="15th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">15th South African Parliament</a> (1970–1974) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=16th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="16th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">16th South African Parliament</a> (1974–1977) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=17th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="17th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">17th South African Parliament</a> (1977–1981) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/18th_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="18th South African Parliament">18th South African Parliament</a> (1981–1984) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=19th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="19th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">19th South African Parliament</a> (1984–1987) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=20th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="20th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">20th South African Parliament</a> (1987–1989) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/21st_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="21st South African Parliament">21st South African Parliament</a> (1989–1994) – majority party: National Party</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Democratic_Parliaments">Democratic Parliaments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Democratic Parliaments" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/22nd_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="22nd South African Parliament">22nd South African Parliament</a> (1994–1999) – majority party: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/African_National_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/23rd_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="23rd South African Parliament">23rd South African Parliament</a> (1999–2004) – majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/24th_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="24th South African Parliament">24th South African Parliament</a> (2004–2009) – majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/25th_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="25th South African Parliament">25th South African Parliament</a> (2009–2014) – majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/26th_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="26th South African Parliament">26th South African Parliament</a> (2014–2019) - majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/27th_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="27th South African Parliament">27th South African Parliament</a> (2019–2024) - majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/28th_South_African_Parliament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="28th South African Parliament">28th South African Parliament</a> (2024–present) - no majority; plurality: African National Congress</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_acts_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of acts of the Parliament of South Africa">List of acts of the Parliament of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Politics_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Politics of South Africa">Politics of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_legislatures_by_country?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of legislatures by country">List of legislatures by country</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_committees_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of committees of the Parliament of South Africa">List of committees of the Parliament of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Provincial_legislature_(South_Africa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Provincial legislature (South Africa)">Provincial legislatures of South Africa</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.gov.za/documents/constitution/1996/constitution.pdf"><i>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996</i>, s. 42</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413142244/http://www.gov.za/documents/constitution/1996/constitution.pdf">Archived</a> 13 April 2014 at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOdeyemiAbioro2018" class="citation cs2">Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), "Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa", <i>Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development</i>, Springer International Publishing, pp. <span class="nowrap">217–</span>232, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1007%252F978-3-319-93509-6_12">10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319935089?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/9783319935089"><bdi>9783319935089</bdi></a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158523324">158523324</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+African+Economic%2C+Social+and+Political+Development&rft.atitle=Digital+Technologies%2C+Online+Engagement+and+Parliament-Citizen+Relations+in+Nigeria+and+South+Africa&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E217-%3C%2Fspan%3E232&rft.date=2018-08-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A158523324%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-319-93509-6_12&rft.isbn=9783319935089&rft.aulast=Odeyemi&rft.aufirst=Temitayo+Isaac&rft.au=Abioro%2C+Tunde&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOdeyemiOlorunsholaAjibola2023" class="citation journal cs1">Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1080%252F13572334.2023.2195147">"Turning public engagement into standard practice : institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament"</a>. <i>The Journal of Legislative Studies</i>. <b>29</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">406–</span>424. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1080%252F13572334.2023.2195147">10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147</a></span>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1357-2334">1357-2334</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:258076520">258076520</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Legislative+Studies&rft.atitle=Turning+public+engagement+into+standard+practice+%3A+institutionalisation+in+the+work+of+the+South+African+Parliament&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E406-%3C%2Fspan%3E424&rft.date=2023-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A258076520%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1357-2334&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13572334.2023.2195147&rft.aulast=Odeyemi&rft.aufirst=Temitayo+Isaac&rft.au=Olorunshola%2C+Damilola+Temitope&rft.au=Ajibola%2C+Boluwatife+Solomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F13572334.2023.2195147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/breaking-parliament-venue-good-hope-chamber/">"LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue [PICS]"</a>. <i>The South African</i>. 14 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+South+African&rft.atitle=LOOK%3A+Check+out+the+National+Assembly%27s+%27new%27+venue+%5BPICS%5D&rft.date=2022-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesouthafrican.com%2Fnews%2Fbreaking-parliament-venue-good-hope-chamber%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/oldcapehousebein00kilpiala"><i>The old Cape House, being pages from the history of a legislative assembly</i></a>, Ralph Kilpin, T.M Miller, Cape Town, 1918</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/11/03/die-parlementsgebou/">The Houses of Parliament, Cape Town</a>, Andrew Cusack, 3 November 2009</span></li> <li id="cite_note-saa-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-saa_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">South Africa Act 1909</span></li> <li id="cite_note-sua-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-sua_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Status of the Union Act 1934</span></li> <li id="cite_note-rna-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-rna_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Representation of Natives Act 1936</span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DEtnMDQAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522South%2BWest%2BAfrica%2522%2B%2522House%2Bof%2BAssembly%2522%2B%25221977%2522%26pg%3DPA1089"><i>The Statesman's Year-Book 1985-86</i></a>, J. Paxton Springer, page 1089</span></li> <li id="cite_note-srva-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-srva_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Separate Representation of Voters Act 1956</span></li> <li id="cite_note-sa-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-sa_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Senate Act 1955</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hubert-herald.nl/RSA.htm">Republic of South Africa</a>", Hubert de Vries.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-rsaca-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-rsaca_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1961</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DJ8RFAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522In%2B1977%252C%2Bdirect%2Brepresentation%2Bof%2BSWA%2522%2B%2B"><i>South Africa 1978: Official Yearbook of the Republic of South Africa</i></a>, Volume 5, State Department of Information, 1978, page 141</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DL027DQAAQBAJ%26dq%3DSenate%2Bwas%2Babolished%2Bin%2B1981%252C%2BSouth%2BAfrica%26pg%3DPA1069"><i>The Statesman's Year-Book 1984-85</i></a>, J. Paxton, Springer, page 1069</span></li> <li id="cite_note-rsac-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-rsac_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1983</span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOdeyemiOlorunsholaAjibola2023" class="citation journal cs1">Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1080%252F13572334.2023.2195147">"Turning public engagement into standard practice : institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament"</a>. <i>The Journal of Legislative Studies</i>. <b>29</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">406–</span>424. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1080%252F13572334.2023.2195147">10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147</a></span>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1357-2334">1357-2334</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:258076520">258076520</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Legislative+Studies&rft.atitle=Turning+public+engagement+into+standard+practice+%3A+institutionalisation+in+the+work+of+the+South+African+Parliament&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E406-%3C%2Fspan%3E424&rft.date=2023-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A258076520%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1357-2334&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13572334.2023.2195147&rft.aulast=Odeyemi&rft.aufirst=Temitayo+Isaac&rft.au=Olorunshola%2C+Damilola+Temitope&rft.au=Ajibola%2C+Boluwatife+Solomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F13572334.2023.2195147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-cdup-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-cdup_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFdu_Plessis2018" class="citation news cs1">du Plessis, Carien (10 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/politics/naledi-pandor-%25E2%2580%2598work-has-to-go-on-the-nation-has-to-continue-to-exist%25E2%2580%2599/ar-BBQMl3g?ocid%3Dspartanntp">"Naledi Pandor: 'Work has to go on, the nation has to continue to exist'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Daily Maverick</i>. South Africa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Maverick&rft.atitle=Naledi+Pandor%3A+%27Work+has+to+go+on%2C+the+nation+has+to+continue+to+exist%27&rft.date=2018-12-10&rft.aulast=du+Plessis&rft.aufirst=Carien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-za%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fnaledi-pandor-%E2%80%98work-has-to-go-on-the-nation-has-to-continue-to-exist%E2%80%99%2Far-BBQMl3g%3Focid%3Dspartanntp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerten2022" class="citation web cs1">Merten, Marianne (2 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-01-02-major-fire-wracks-parliament-building-raising-questions-about-why-no-protection-services-staff-were-on-duty/">"OUR BURNING ASSEMBLY: Major fire wracks parliament building, raising questions about why no protection services staff were on duty"</a>. <i>Daily Maverick</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Maverick&rft.atitle=OUR+BURNING+ASSEMBLY%3A+Major+fire+wracks+parliament+building%2C+raising+questions+about+why+no+protection+services+staff+were+on+duty&rft.date=2022-01-02&rft.aulast=Merten&rft.aufirst=Marianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymaverick.co.za%2Farticle%2F2022-01-02-major-fire-wracks-parliament-building-raising-questions-about-why-no-protection-services-staff-were-on-duty%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles2022" class="citation news cs1">Charles, Marvin (2 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/man-51-arrested-in-connection-with-parliament-fire-20220102">"Man, 49, arrested in connection with Parliament fire"</a>. <i>News24</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=News24&rft.atitle=Man%2C+49%2C+arrested+in+connection+with+Parliament+fire&rft.date=2022-01-02&rft.aulast=Charles&rft.aufirst=Marvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news24.com%2Fnews24%2Fsouthafrica%2Fnews%2Fman-51-arrested-in-connection-with-parliament-fire-20220102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/south-african-police-charge-man-with-arson-over-damaging-blaze-parliament-2022-01-03/">"South African police charge man with arson over damaging blaze at parliament"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 3 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=South+African+police+charge+man+with+arson+over+damaging+blaze+at+parliament&rft.date=2022-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Fsouth-african-police-charge-man-with-arson-over-damaging-blaze-parliament-2022-01-03%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.corruptionwatch.org.za/can-we-blame-you-now-president-zuma/">"Can we blame you now, President Zuma? | Corruption Watch"</a>. <i>Corruption Watch</i>. 7 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Corruption+Watch&rft.atitle=Can+we+blame+you+now%2C+President+Zuma%3F+%7C+Corruption+Watch&rft.date=2015-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.corruptionwatch.org.za%2Fcan-we-blame-you-now-president-zuma%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://theconversation.com/south-africas-ruling-party-is-performing-dismally-but-a-flawed-opposition-keeps-it-in-power-207422">"South Africa's ruling party is performing dismally, but a flawed opposition keeps it in power"</a>. 18 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=South+Africa%27s+ruling+party+is+performing+dismally%2C+but+a+flawed+opposition+keeps+it+in+power&rft.date=2023-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fsouth-africas-ruling-party-is-performing-dismally-but-a-flawed-opposition-keeps-it-in-power-207422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSapa" class="citation web cs1">Sapa, TimesLIVE. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2014/05/09/south-africa-election-results-2014">"South Africa election results 2014"</a>. <i>Times LIVE</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+LIVE&rft.atitle=South+Africa+election+results+2014&rft.aulast=Sapa&rft.aufirst=TimesLIVE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeslive.co.za%2Fpolitics%2F2014%2F05%2F09%2Fsouth-africa-election-results-2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">https://www.parliament.gov.za/national-assembly</span></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/announcement-final-results-2014-national-and-provincial-elections-10-may-2014">"Announcement of final results: 2014 National and Provincial Elections | South African Government"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcement+of+final+results%3A+2014+National+and+Provincial+Elections+%26%23124%3B+South+African+Government&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.za%2Fnews%2Fmedia-statements%2Fannouncement-final-results-2014-national-and-provincial-elections-10-may-2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.news24.com/News24/2019-vs-2014-what-the-numbers-tell-us-about-the-general-elections-20190512">"2019 vs 2014: What the numbers tell us about the general elections"</a>. <i>News24</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News24&rft.atitle=2019+vs+2014%3A+What+the+numbers+tell+us+about+the+general+elections&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news24.com%2FNews24%2F2019-vs-2014-what-the-numbers-tell-us-about-the-general-elections-20190512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.enca.com/news-top-stories/2024-elections-enca-projects-anc-will-take-45-national-vote">"2024 ELECTIONS: eNCA Project ANC Will Take 45% Of National Vote"</a>. eNCA. 30 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530123735/https://www.enca.com/news-top-stories/2024-elections-enca-projects-anc-will-take-45-national-vote">Archived</a> from the original on 30 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=2024+ELECTIONS%3A+eNCA+Project+ANC+Will+Take+45%25+Of+National+Vote&rft.date=2024-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enca.com%2Fnews-top-stories%2F2024-elections-enca-projects-anc-will-take-45-national-vote&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/3/race-to-form-south-africas-next-government-who-will-the-anc-ally-with">"Race to form South Africa's next government: Who will the ANC ally with?"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i>. 4 June 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603235209/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/3/race-to-form-south-africas-next-government-who-will-the-anc-ally-with">Archived</a> from the original on 3 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Race+to+form+South+Africa%27s+next+government%3A+Who+will+the+ANC+ally+with%3F&rft.date=2024-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F6%2F3%2Frace-to-form-south-africas-next-government-who-will-the-anc-ally-with&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_Writer" class="citation web cs1">Staff Writer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://businesstech.co.za/news/government/313184/government-identifies-possible-sites-to-move-parliament-from-cape-town-to-pretoria/">"Government identifies possible sites to move parliament from Cape Town to Pretoria"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Government+identifies+possible+sites+to+move+parliament+from+Cape+Town+to+Pretoria&rft.au=Staff+Writer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusinesstech.co.za%2Fnews%2Fgovernment%2F313184%2Fgovernment-identifies-possible-sites-to-move-parliament-from-cape-town-to-pretoria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiemen" class="citation web cs1">Diemen, Ethan van. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/sites-identified-for-potential-parliament-move-to-tshwane-20190426">"Sites identified for potential Parliament move to Tshwane"</a>. <i>News24</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News24&rft.atitle=Sites+identified+for+potential+Parliament+move+to+Tshwane&rft.aulast=Diemen&rft.aufirst=Ethan+van&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news24.com%2Fnews24%2Fsouthafrica%2Fnews%2Fsites-identified-for-potential-parliament-move-to-tshwane-20190426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoje" class="citation news cs1">Boje, Valerie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.iol.co.za/news/moving-parliament-to-pretoria-may-save-the-government-r650m-a-year-professor-48011109">"Moving Parliament to Pretoria may save the government R650m a year: professor"</a>. <i>Independent Online</i>. South Africa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Independent+Online&rft.atitle=Moving+Parliament+to+Pretoria+may+save+the+government+R650m+a+year%3A+professor&rft.aulast=Boje&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iol.co.za%2Fnews%2Fmoving-parliament-to-pretoria-may-save-the-government-r650m-a-year-professor-48011109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/breaking-parliament-venue-good-hope-chamber/">"LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue [PICS]"</a>. <i>The South African</i>. 14 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+South+African&rft.atitle=LOOK%3A+Check+out+the+National+Assembly%27s+%27new%27+venue+%5BPICS%5D&rft.date=2022-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesouthafrican.com%2Fnews%2Fbreaking-parliament-venue-good-hope-chamber%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> </ol> </div> </div> <ul> <li>South Africa Act 1909</li> <li>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1961</li> <li>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1983</li> <li>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1993</li> <li>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996</li> <li>Kahn, E. (1961). <i>The New Constitution</i>.</li> <li>Kruger, D.W. (1969). <i>The Making of a Nation</i>.</li> <li>May, H.J. (1949). <i>The South African Constitution</i>.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style> <div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 38px;height: 40px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="38" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"> Wikisource has original works on the topic: <i><b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Portal:Acts_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa" class="extiw" title="s:Portal:Acts of the Parliament of South Africa">Acts of the Parliament of South Africa</a></b></i> </div> </div> </div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Parliament_of_South_Africa" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Parliament of South Africa">Parliament of South Africa</a> at Wikimedia Commons</p> <ul> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.parliament.gov.za/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2185780%23P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" data-alt="Edit this at Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/920180234">Site by Houses of Parliament, Parliament Street, Cape Town</a>, at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/SAHRA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="SAHRA">SAHRA</a></li> </ul> <div class="navbox-styles"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"> </div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename%3DParliament_of_South_Africa%26params%3D33.9258_S_18.4197_E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°55′33″S</span> <span class="longitude">18°25′11″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.9258°S 18.4197°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.9258; 18.4197</span></span></span></a></span></span></p>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DParliament_of_South_Africa%26oldid%3D1276648168">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&oldid=1276648168</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="HeyElliott" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1740014634"> <span>Last edited on 20 February 2025, at 01:23</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlement_van_Suid-Afrika" title="Parlement van Suid-Afrika – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Parlement van Suid-Afrika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586_%25D8%25AC%25D9%2586%25D9%2588%25D8%25A8_%25D8%25A5%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D9%2582%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7" title="برلمان جنوب إفريقيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برلمان جنوب إفريقيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parllamentu_de_Sud%25C3%25A1frica" title="Parllamentu de Sudáfrica – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Parllamentu de Sudáfrica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlament_von_S%25C3%25BCdafrika" title="Parlament von Südafrika – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Parlament von Südafrika" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_de_Sud%25C3%25A1frica" title="Parlamento de Sudáfrica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Parlamento de Sudáfrica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586_%25D8%25A2%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C_%25D8%25AC%25D9%2586%25D9%2588%25D8%25A8%25DB%258C" title="پارلمان آفریقای جنوبی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پارلمان آفریقای جنوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlement_d%2527Afrique_du_Sud" title="Parlement d'Afrique du Sud – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parlement d'Afrique du Sud" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlemen_Afrika_Selatan" title="Parlemen Afrika Selatan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Parlemen Afrika Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhalamende_laseNingizimu_Afrika" title="IPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_del_Sudafrica" title="Parlamento del Sudafrica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Parlamento del Sudafrica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2594%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A8%25D7%259C%25D7%259E%25D7%25A0%25D7%2598_%25D7%25A9%25D7%259C_%25D7%2593%25D7%25A8%25D7%2595%25D7%259D_%25D7%2590%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599%25D7%25A7%25D7%2594" title="הפרלמנט של דרום אפריקה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הפרלמנט של דרום אפריקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlement_van_Zuid-Afrika" title="Parlement van Zuid-Afrika – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Parlement van Zuid-Afrika" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%258D%2597%25E3%2582%25A2%25E3%2583%2595%25E3%2583%25AA%25E3%2582%25AB%25E5%2585%25B1%25E5%2592%258C%25E5%259B%25BD%25E3%2581%25AE%25E8%25AD%25B0%25E4%25BC%259A" title="南アフリカ共和国の議会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="南アフリカ共和国の議会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C3%25B8r-Afrikas_parlament" title="Sør-Afrikas parlament – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sør-Afrikas parlament" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamente_de_Sud_Afrika" title="Parlamente de Sud Afrika – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Parlamente de Sud Afrika" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlament_Po%25C5%2582udniowej_Afryki" title="Parlament Południowej Afryki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Parlament Południowej Afryki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_da_%25C3%2581frica_do_Sul" title="Parlamento da África do Sul – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Parlamento da África do Sul" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582_%25D0%25AE%25D0%2590%25D0%25A0" title="Парламент ЮАР – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парламент ЮАР" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa" title="Parliament of South Africa – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Parliament of South Africa" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etel%25C3%25A4-Afrikan_parlamentti" title="Etelä-Afrikan parlamentti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etelä-Afrikan parlamentti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydafrikas_parlament" title="Sydafrikas parlament – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sydafrikas parlament" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2590%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25A0%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%259F%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B9%2583%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B9%2589" title="รัฐสภาแอฟริกาใต้ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐสภาแอฟริกาใต้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%25C3%25BCney_Afrika_Parlamentosu" title="Güney Afrika Parlamentosu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güney Afrika Parlamentosu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582_%25D0%259F%25D1%2596%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE-%25D0%2590%25D1%2584%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D1%258C%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D1%2597_%25D0%25A0%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8" title="Парламент Південно-Африканської Республіки – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Парламент Південно-Африканської Республіки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngh%25E1%25BB%258B_vi%25E1%25BB%2587n_Nam_Phi" title="Nghị viện Nam Phi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nghị viện Nam Phi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%258D%2597%25E9%259D%259E%25E8%25AE%25AE%25E4%25BC%259A" title="南非议会 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="南非议会" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">This page was last edited on 20 February 2025, at 01:23<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:About?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stats.wikimedia.org/%23/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DParliament_of_South_Africa%26mobileaction%3Dtoggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Desktop</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-d8647bfd6-f5z6w","wgBackendResponseTime":244,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.894","walltime":"1.122","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6489,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":282193,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":55270,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":28,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":149157,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 946.977 1 -total"," 33.29% 315.249 1 Template:Infobox_Parliament"," 33.00% 312.538 2 Template:Infobox"," 17.59% 166.596 1 Template:Reflist"," 13.56% 128.407 33 Template:Color_box"," 13.23% 125.316 1 Template:Collapsible_list"," 11.72% 110.964 10 Template:Native_name"," 10.19% 96.544 1 Template:Politics_of_South_Africa"," 10.03% 94.956 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 9.30% 88.092 17 Template:Party_color"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.510","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":21790309,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-d8647bfd6-mjshc","timestamp":"20250222011949","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Parliament of South Africa","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parliament_of_South_Africa","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2185780","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2185780","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-11-23T03:32:09Z","dateModified":"2025-02-20T01:23:54Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/f\/f8\/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg","headline":"legislative body of South Africa"}</script> <script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-mw-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('en', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&hl=en-GB&client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>