CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91366b94faaefd37',cH: '9WtHRR18cf8iT5nmjvvQ2JjYJUqre7L2YisogzBSTMA-1739802048-1.2.1.1-rv44X9UcHLIN.OjnIpDeOA4EVTnA2hiCC5pclYffjcAhgRJLmnujWz9dZyQ8AZpd',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Sukhpreet%20Singh&__cf_chl_tk=YZhs3Vi1haoMUvnQB1glhh69TUvTclpOpYKrnOhxn2Y-1739802048-1.0.1.1-lJInvqbjwxH.jlx42ffBiFiZ8UZnxt8A8SJWOssQixY",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739802048',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Sukhpreet%20Singh&__cf_chl_f_tk=YZhs3Vi1haoMUvnQB1glhh69TUvTclpOpYKrnOhxn2Y-1739802048-1.0.1.1-lJInvqbjwxH.jlx42ffBiFiZ8UZnxt8A8SJWOssQixY",md: "QWBh2rmD5XzDOoy1UwUjoiPT3nv7f.t7.4fCkQX5FdU-1739802048-1.2.1.1-ozA5W.sd26e7PNBYC7_m2qYm61DOZYF3N9Wr6bHEMVJpWUWYRNeAXJHFPl1VP9WK4ai1W86CIy_5YIxZFEFbocHvJx3_RXVpBaxej4LkBNWAEEJqV9oVZ46BnHblz8vTsV_9VwTso2wfKcVrIsL8VQ8.NXob28LvINX418x01tBpxKFRtgvylHWKUUe1b5QBWldjVzV6LUIN1Rd9CQg_9.Wf7gq1KqiQOfEa9.7NV5aN2QRAn3SUEeY10OOU6pmspEiVJrqWUNRTclfUzgZ_d7eNDzjRZk9C7n2p9EGcYCoz_z82dDjUPWH0ryYKGchZX36wOJaA0JUuGrqwFJ_PXfzxfjUaZAlrFmCiPJscZQoxx.GAjj29NW9PbhtUv8yW.WIClzfKL8cQsujP399ZrsAuMgRdt8agoettVbw6U_27EmRewUBXwzeScIV7b7IBDw.AquHXIYohAViLOBNX6QYsoju_9K2oHwc5jTwEmJAY3IGUk_9N9ltYKtTfWvQLTn2UgSPyG3UTJxegRb8Bx1c0m2BO_Fh9QosngxTzrCySzQ0uoORrYrUnqpht_o1gevCTtxY7u5WYq04pqZT5etxbz8q98RrvmfhDmezKiB.24xFiHnm_c.Ic_Azm.ivnM52XhJHmR2bR10xRYYdedOrjTJmzv72s9UtZcla1tl9LAaHEyKClmDqqSvSbVa1xcXGn8JmM0WL8L6uSqubhorawYo7sbmtcFIUjJv0tIMikfwIPHvdsuoa6eT53XsDRzs3DtE4hDoMN72jLa69y3cTrXc65jidvIXuWU0GRXm13FmB7oBsW5eqJ665Bl3hsdkrzV5UVVOkRAxAY_0UaITbUVcP7W3sTlTM8UyWFGgyfPZoYd3CGllE6jFmnQ564qbmYkap3.vAjtwjbH_BcbnpNwGcKnBhMm0386Kgq.r2cZDrg.v8FDVWhq.Iz50GNEY8UeXCU8lsvH7NB7qYBpR_rBjjOYGcYv7QHBl695PWEbod_CNqUIcmjCYsN4V1R74CkO0xhRLlPiSTnXtvIpaLL8nNHChGpW1c.9ikiRLAv8krJTCISeNKPyBGExYcOsw6Z_bdT0.2TyZRD9NhTCEV1TeZ8x54OwuMnohOSy2GVLxDzc6YkANfh1ddssMUVMgOmv2FztDW6U3kZTUCkffT1RopGntaPtDwIvfXAplv5HQ_IQy_WpGOHdEcesMlaqVOsIYZO6FtOrJSktn5ImrBZhmEDj4bzMk5A5o2njMy7kK.LEHarNMS7DJqns_oyIlnPKnvIvJBH1H5ZlyJ_HUZFIfVQUE594Gx9OHHwX86CN6NQyOjtcQ9FMD.t_GLcl0T0Fle6rpYWag2rz8NwPeDYQPwX_Zct0.vbOFTrGnbl_CAaVHdWoQiipKgpfOtcjX0qYHXuOU7fcYsSbQhEWCCnI.MBeS60hJsrySjfSzzQQ0.0o70cGTmIOv7bjU6wxHgaSxA7VCKa59fNqmbA_wHHLq5l9PhhGE1aABGc6h3c6b6B1PXloAaaj9y5wQH7WfhejiNIHVjyhEmcUmPi8hi7zDqyCthlKKoqXR2ZfwycQ0h7dpuTQxtUkkQFYF9CWnz0lwOvxvxX_RhkQBN.uS.EoTtPvyQ8qwJmDu1nyGjSIez_e2y2cSHwCM8iYJyJZAk50TE2LJ4wN.1vss3C4FqAchx.0SsArzNw.AG9Z8DlI_NXlDi2XE_DnSoxdhKez3ozdyOpETD48qYEAgz7Ie4.XnUGMgs7xCTvfzDGm9sGUbqr4X0gtP.4yM0vC1d8FIi7tqWcZ90yOY4eGSKCHBwkeoKklc7DkDkwo.XgyhJnohuLgV8vir0EW6EQdIGtttyh2GsRVHpkmGX2Zx9MDj1LP4hnfOutrK.xH4xO2Q27YQiS21LZFYZMFxBX2GuYiPm0hd35JX4M9el0LV7oCvq8uIIHlZGXwvEEtCqpa3k",mdrd: "30g7zn4l5w4e0d1taSlj1zglPXAGT2L2xLVl6GMbptA-1739802048-1.2.1.1-cReMczKgdu4JNo4LkBZkHvj0R3bcbwVALamah4.GA5lGKS3noB7wkF6fBH6wEi8kBQDjmJ6Ewf47lejj6aJrTQuFZ_5wLb4J8faBvq8V.6ktzV8sH6z2sOYvvbxXR8TtuKSOcLIyIrbErJyoxsMHcsqnhzLGCZh1RekPMKGtxrUBxcBCz6Ec.ywo.F6mBTkMh1SAMhW83EzjeDCD1u2LusgzZKA16eqwAy70D2mol_l.3nmcN0qMQqPiM1gG9BlRpfUKZNfM.QZQveyFIt28ROpLU_X6RiGzQ4XZ0r4md6xhzAHTrLurPENw4S78EH3C4HxiDhGenR7x.WXJCmDWV0yWE7mdUblEfla4Hi7M9_3wLA5jnIRbUPv9eukjQ.EZrKXEQAgGoNSkolhKhO6MTAgrVnu1p5DD73RsU70OUQLPwyiWm0g2P4vA4xzhh2_i8ym2QKrzOZjD4bJuvhELCv9KRmCSFcOywyBI20h3bHDtJtHUEdc0AhpWEWPcnB.6wv4c6tLHS11rgMUfmubwT0dyCTEgwFp.bTgOF354u6wN2GmgzoKZmWqX6ukigArmEk0H_yy3btuJ4VyyDiRLRodQ6797234QPqnjm8nQSA9xTjTq3ib90CDO79eoKusTy4z.jOg94XVkIxxfYBD7uvmWxZbj1HXroILCJ9hRySHh7Dt..58EhgzQ7F_AhPcAp9n_UEZRU3ixzPtALW8D8rgX6egC3AylY0FOLzUme_7Mvb_RXTonjBDt6PwP6HvZNbWZV03P2PgvK23ysIjiLVqFOj8_r5bNfJkEUQPBK43ll_MdhFKQFpwgoNJvBwbZGrmujTcWkROoSdRawJnsZCstIHBnwm202obI4HDXoaDI1OjOmSw5pROqSF62f4vU1qqybejL7Ns8mnegrNjqUmKVVvVezQEI9t8XHZlzVVPL4Rk97msBdDO5H8m0dXhhKbHwHoBhG0X65hl6o8fb0zpsRsazWDS78H3Lda3_AiEZxF3aPBq_Feso.La56SZnrav56J6i.gPhSr.NyLCC8iffZhmuiOXKHL4LgNwRbOM_EzD3Rw9Kmj8gzKgrqtNNur3McOV8vCN24EVIzWmFHwgPeC0hzImQ11iUP57jPr7OpugIKMzQbvmRJ.Wsc5lju7twAQkdPrqyImd9Q.aPOmErGA5lTSL1X9.YCsQUeqXzfRClaCWbTJy2rpgx4ZqSBZlU7TspqS5YiiRWacQiHhQDEeLm7ngY5J5d3PRxw5sgL8.s858JEcjHWAOL_76G3VpY40R8kfrk9j16GqtRDHiJRmwuiz0wt8b_33lmW9hAQdhhDiTRztSWl6zxQR_zGLqKn86t_lUw5P9UMB7Vx3.q7EXqda5voBXdDCCKkOn62VpTU9fsDakLdnlZ_Obz3VLjfUhUsva2BiLk7JPG0HbeG0vZmTNIsCz4ag8REyK.FILiCe6_O5Gt_KrahqRp57Mr_q.I04oiohzjRTY3Wshtk4lOcNGT5YtjcIw1lWlyFIGYs0vSp7aAFw9gIsfBNretYFOmEJcMShvZfRKJGa_sVWsXKc5JMvasPSC3cjf3I5fkoM8VHJLz00N0bk6D1apKPVCZ1KeaYyx0C9cTFCGyBOxz44DlZoj2BG2ZiwH1eTe9khZFLBlI_bR__paHFNlop5oTN9Mz6V5xC5rt3sFdKqZQOOZU9brjPZ74yZTRwvFGuiV4R.XiEvcG445VMnnfqXMvaKS0iP4EepN6eYKWOVxFHhPZSGKY3Dr1vI9REB5_RqyH4xu5HtN4sIvwOqj5iNvX2brkIuxhZNAFaLBAe_IZxQjj2.n8J0bWKw6YywwTa.VHfoKxwS7n1CrJtJMvxqyBMXX0ujt1dGdIyUDvNEpurxbKmsIuqua.P293U_ZPA0ldxjOOE4vIYOH73P_QzuB2bpD7zSJ6EL5TOoqff.0q16kQoIIW.FhJrYTvP1eibES3aTplFxtR3vp2"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91366b94faaefd37';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Sukhpreet%20Singh&__cf_chl_rt_tk=YZhs3Vi1haoMUvnQB1glhh69TUvTclpOpYKrnOhxn2Y-1739802048-1.0.1.1-lJInvqbjwxH.jlx42ffBiFiZ8UZnxt8A8SJWOssQixY" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>