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href="/wiki/Posebno:MojPogovor" title="Pogovor o urejanjih s tega IP-naslova [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pogovorna stran</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Vsebina" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vsebina</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Uvod</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Življenje_in_delo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Življenje_in_delo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Življenje in delo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Življenje_in_delo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Glej_tudi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glej_tudi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Glej tudi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glej_tudi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Vsebina" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vklopi kazalo vsebine" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vklopi kazalo vsebine</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Al-Biruni</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="P9jdi na članek v drugem jeziku. Na voljo v 93 jezikih." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 jezikov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – aragonščina" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="أبو الريحان البيروني – arabščina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أبو الريحان البيروني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89" title="البيرونى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="البيرونى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – asturijščina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biruni" title="Biruni – azerbajdžanščina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Biruni" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="بیرونی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیرونی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Әл-Бируни – baškirščina" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Әл-Бируни" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Аль-Біруні – beloruščina" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аль-Біруні" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="beloruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Аль-Біруні – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аль-Біруні" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Бируни – bolgarščina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бируни" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="আল-বিরুনি – bengalščina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আল-বিরুনি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/El-Biruni" title="El-Biruni – bosanščina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="El-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Birun%C3%AD" title="Al-Biruní – katalonščina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Al-Biruní" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="بیروونی – osrednja kurdščina" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بیروونی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="osrednja kurdščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliboron" title="Aliboron – češčina" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aliboron" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Rayhan_al-Biruni" title="Abu Rayhan al-Biruni – danščina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Abu Rayhan al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-B%C4%ABr%C5%ABn%C4%AB" title="Al-Bīrūnī – nemščina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Al-Bīrūnī" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biruni" title="Biruni – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Biruni" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB-%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B9" title="Αλ-Μπιρούνι – grščina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλ-Μπιρούνι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – angleščina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angleščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – španščina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-B%C4%ABr%C5%ABn%C4%AB" title="Al-Bīrūnī – estonščina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Al-Bīrūnī" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – baskovščina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ابوریحان بیرونی – perzijščina" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ابوریحان بیرونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – finščina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – francoščina" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francoščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Biruni" title="Al Biruni – galicijščina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Al Biruni" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B2_%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%80" title="અલ બિરૂની – gudžaratščina" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="અલ બિરૂની" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžaratščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99" title="אל-בירוני – hebrejščina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אל-בירוני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="अल बेरुनी – hindijščina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अल बेरुनी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – hrvaščina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-B%C3%ADr%C3%BAni" title="Al-Bírúni – madžarščina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Al-Bírúni" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="madžarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC-%D4%B2%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB" title="Ալ-Բիրունի – armenščina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալ-Բիրունի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – indonezijščina" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – italijanščina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC" title="ビールーニー – japonščina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビールーニー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-B%C4%ABr%C5%ABn%C4%AB" title="Al-Bīrūnī – javanščina" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Al-Bīrūnī" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ალ-ბირუნი – gruzijščina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალ-ბირუნი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81bu_Rayxan_Beruniy" title="Ábu Rayxan Beruniy – karakalpaščina" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ábu Rayxan Beruniy" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%B1%D1%83_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D3%99%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Әбу Райхан әл-Бируни – kazaščina" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әбу Райхан әл-Бируни" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D-%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF" title="ಅಲ್-ಬಿರುನಿ – kanareščina" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಲ್-ಬಿರುನಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kanareščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EB%A3%A8%EB%8B%88" title="비루니 – korejščina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비루니" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="البیرونی – kašmirščina" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="البیرونی" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kašmirščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AEr%C3%BBn%C3%AE" title="Bîrûnî – kurdščina" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bîrûnî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Абу Райхан ал-Бируни – kirgiščina" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Абу Райхан ал-Бируни" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albirunius" title="Albirunius – latinščina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Albirunius" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Bir%C5%ABnis" title="Al Birūnis – litovščina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Al Birūnis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Raih%C4%81ns_B%C4%ABr%C5%ABn%C4%AB" title="Abū Raihāns Bīrūnī – latvijščina" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Abū Raihāns Bīrūnī" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – madurščina" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madurščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – malgaščina" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BD-%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="അൽ-ബയ്റൂനി – malajalamščina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അൽ-ബയ്റൂനി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="अल बिरूनी – maratščina" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अल बिरूनी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Raihan_Al-Biruni" title="Abu Raihan Al-Biruni – malajščina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abu Raihan Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B0%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE" title="အယ်လ်ဘီရူနီ – burmanščina" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အယ်လ်ဘီရူနီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – nizozemščina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Raihan_al-Biruni" title="Abu Raihan al-Biruni – novonorveščina" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Abu Raihan al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novonorveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Rayhan_Biruni" title="Abu Rayhan Biruni – knjižna norveščina" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Abu Rayhan Biruni" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="knjižna norveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Аль-Бируни – osetinščina" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Аль-Бируни" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਅਲਬਰੂਨੀ – pandžabščina" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਲਬਰੂਨੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – poljščina" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="البیرونی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="البیرونی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="ابوريحان بيروني – paštunščina" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ابوريحان بيروني" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštunščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albiruni" title="Albiruni – portugalščina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Albiruni" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Biruni" title="Al Biruni – romunščina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Al Biruni" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romunščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Аль-Бируни – ruščina" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аль-Бируни" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="البيروني – sindščina" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="البيروني" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu-Rajhan_Biruni" title="Abu-Rajhan Biruni – srbohrvaščina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Abu-Rajhan Biruni" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbohrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab%C3%BA_Rajh%C3%A1n_Muhammad_ibn_Ahmad_B%C3%ADr%C3%BAn%C3%AD" title="Abú Rajhán Muhammad ibn Ahmad Bírúní – slovaščina" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Abú Rajhán Muhammad ibn Ahmad Bírúní" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ابو ریحان البیرونی – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ابو ریحان البیرونی" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/El-Biruniu" title="El-Biruniu – albanščina" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="El-Biruniu" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Бируни – srbščina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бируни" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Raihan_al-Biruni" title="Abu Raihan al-Biruni – sundanščina" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Abu Raihan al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biruni" title="Biruni – švedščina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Biruni" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="அல்-பிருனி – tamilščina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அல்-பிருனி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF" title="అల్ బెరూని – telugijščina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అల్ బెరూని" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Абурайҳони Берунӣ – tadžiščina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Абурайҳони Берунӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="อะบู เรฮัน อัลบิรูนี – tajščina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อะบู เรฮัน อัลบิรูนี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Re%C3%BDhan_Al-Biruni" title="Abu Reýhan Al-Biruni – turkmenščina" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Abu Reýhan Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AEr%C3%BBn%C3%AE" title="Bîrûnî – turščina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bîrûnî" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%B1%D2%AF_%D0%A0%D3%99%D0%B9%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D3%99%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Әбү Рәйхан әл-Бируни – tatarščina" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Әбү Рәйхан әл-Бируни" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Аль-Біруні – ukrajinščina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аль-Біруні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ابو ریحان بیرونی – urdujščina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ابو ریحان بیرونی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdujščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Rayhon_Beruniy" title="Abu Rayhon Beruniy – uzbeščina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abu Rayhon Beruniy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – vietnamščina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni – varajščina" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Al-Biruni" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E9%B2%81%E5%B0%BC" title="比鲁尼 – wu-kitajščina" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="比鲁尼" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ალ-ბირუნი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ალ-ბირუნი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E9%AD%AF%E5%B0%BC" title="比魯尼 – kitajščina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="比魯尼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E9%AD%AF%E5%B0%BC" title="比魯尼 – kantonščina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="比魯尼" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11826#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi medjezikovne povezave" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi povezave</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Ogled vsebinske strani [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pogovor:Al-Biruni&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Pogovor o vsebinski strani (stran ne obstaja) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pogovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Spremeni različico jezika" > <label 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href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&veaction=edit" title="Uredite to stran [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&action=edit" title="Uredi izvorno kodo te strani [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kodo</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&action=history" title="Prejšnje redakcije te strani [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zgodovina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Orodja strani"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Orodja" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Orodja</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Orodja</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Več možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dejanja </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni"><span>Preberi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&veaction=edit" title="Uredite to stran [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&action=edit" title="Uredi izvorno kodo te strani [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kodo</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&action=history"><span>Zgodovina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Splošno </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:KajSePovezujeSem/Al-Biruni" title="Seznam vseh strani, ki se povezujejo sem [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Kaj se povezuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:RecentChangesLinked/Al-Biruni" rel="nofollow" title="Zadnje spremembe na straneh, s katerimi se povezuje ta stran [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane spremembe</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:PosebneStrani" title="Seznam vseh posebnih strani [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne strani</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&oldid=6115142" title="Trajna povezava na to redakcijo strani"><span>Trajna povezava</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&action=info" title="Več informacij o tej strani"><span>Podatki o strani</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Navedi&page=Al-Biruni&id=6115142&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacije o tem, kako navajati to stran"><span>Navedba članka</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAl-Biruni"><span>Pridobi skrajšani URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAl-Biruni"><span>Prenesi kodo QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tiskanje/izvoz </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Al-Biruni"><span>Ustvari e-knjigo</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&page=Al-Biruni&action=show-download-screen"><span>Prenesi kot PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&printable=yes" title="Različica te strani za tisk [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Različica za tisk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> V drugih projektih </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Abu_Rayhan_al-Biruni" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedijina zbirka</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11826" title="Povezava na ustrezni predmet v podatkovni shrambi [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Predmet v Wikipodatkih</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Orodja strani"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Videz</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Iz Wikipedije, proste enciklopedije</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sl" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5913888">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-spacing:3px;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:black;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;padding:0.2em;float:right;clear:right;font-size:88%;line-height:1.5em;width:22em}.mw-parser-output .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox-below,.mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,.mw-parser-output .infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox-navbar,.mw-parser-output .infobox th,.mw-parser-output .infobox td{vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox th,.mw-parser-output .infobox td{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-subheader,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-below{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn">Al-Biruni</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slika:Al-Biruni_Portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Portret" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Al-Biruni_Portrait.jpg/220px-Al-Biruni_Portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Al-Biruni_Portrait.jpg/330px-Al-Biruni_Portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Al-Biruni_Portrait.jpg/440px-Al-Biruni_Portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="386" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><i>Al-Biruni</i> na iranski znamki, izdani ob tisočletnici njegovega rojstva</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Rojstvo</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P1477" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$275ae099-450d-c5a4-0bd4-006b9449dc7a"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="lang" lang="ar">محمد بن أحمد البِيرُونيِّ</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q119509990_citetype_Q1172284_citetype_Q19967801_citetype_Q4182287_citetype_Q1988927&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q54919&quot;&gt;Virtualna_mednarodna_normativna_datoteka&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:d:Q988937|[Dublin,_Ohio]]]:_[[:Online_Computer_Library_Center|OCLC]],_2003.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q988937]][[d:Track:Q54919]]&lt;/div&gt;_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q119509990_citetype_Q1172284_citetype_Q19967801_citetype_Q4182287_citetype_Q1988927&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q54919&quot;&gt;Virtualna_mednarodna_normativna_datoteka&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:d:Q988937|[Dublin,_Ohio]]]:_[[:Online_Computer_Library_Center|OCLC]],_2003.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q988937]][[d:Track:Q54919]]&lt;/div&gt;-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span><br /><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P569" data-wikidata-claim-id="q11826$87CCCA0C-5CCB-4BE0-BEEB-2D9AE9AFC631"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/4._september" title="4. september">4. september</a> <a href="/wiki/973" title="973">973</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-index_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-index_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span><br /><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P19" data-wikidata-claim-id="q11826$0F69C3DA-51AE-468A-A804-F021EBCF4303"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="iw" data-title="Kath"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kath&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kath (stran ne obstaja)">Kath</a><sup class="noprint"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141982" class="extiw" title="d:Q1141982"><span style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;" title="Članek «Kath» v Wikipodatkih">[d]</span></a></sup></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak" data-wikidata-hash="c01bb1fb6a9423eda0836e6eb9226677f0c17461"><span class="iw" data-title="Horezmski imperij"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horezmski_imperij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horezmski imperij (stran ne obstaja)">Horezmski imperij</a><sup class="noprint"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63134381" class="extiw" title="d:Q63134381"><span style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;" title="Članek «Horezmski imperij» v Wikipodatkih">[d]</span></a></sup></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak" data-wikidata-hash="ff2aa66b876371440ed20d545191886d77182e38"><span class="iw" data-title="Samanidski imperij"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samanidski_imperij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samanidski imperij (stran ne obstaja)">Samanidski imperij</a><sup class="noprint"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12150341" class="extiw" title="d:Q12150341"><span style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;" title="Članek «Samanidski imperij» v Wikipodatkih">[d]</span></a></sup></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-i-life_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-i-life_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Smrt</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P570" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$36469648-1A69-4A5A-8CDC-9B5DBB4121A9"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/9._december" title="9. december">9. december</a> <a href="/wiki/1048" title="1048">1048</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q547473&quot;&gt;MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_archive&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_1994.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q547473]]&lt;/div&gt;_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q547473&quot;&gt;MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_archive&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_1994.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q547473]]&lt;/div&gt;-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">(75 let)</span></span><br /><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P20" data-wikidata-claim-id="q11826$20D2151D-C52F-4525-A745-9A9A7AFA54FB"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/Gazni" title="Gazni">Gazni</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak" data-wikidata-hash="92dce41bcdfbcbd7b7befc05bdfe66ddf746c216"><span class="iw" data-title="gaznavidski imperij"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaznavidski_imperij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaznavidski imperij (stran ne obstaja)">gaznavidski imperij</a><sup class="noprint"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249578" class="extiw" title="d:Q249578"><span style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;" title="Članek «gaznavidski imperij» v Wikipodatkih">[d]</span></a></sup></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Državljanstvo</th><td class="infobox-data category"><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P27" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$8c4bbae3-4d6f-4ee6-2744-1cf947775213"><span class="country-name"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="iw" data-title="Samanidski imperij"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samanidski_imperij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samanidski imperij (stran ne obstaja)">Samanidski imperij</a><sup class="noprint"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12150341" class="extiw" title="d:Q12150341"><span style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;" title="Članek «Samanidski imperij» v Wikipodatkih">[d]</span></a></sup></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-index_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-index_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Poklic</th><td class="infobox-data role"><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="q11826$785b2938-459a-b60f-0b3b-3086cb9ec97d"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4964182" class="extiw" title="d:Q4964182">filozof</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="q11826$7C2BFED0-49BA-42EF-83AC-55CB39AC9B0F"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593644" class="extiw" title="d:Q593644">kemik</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$9979E4CC-EF2F-4C5D-A4CA-31D0838DD368"><a href="/wiki/Geograf" title="Geograf">geograf</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$97281c5e-4ef8-2e4b-34b4-d6cb0fd8a7d2"><a href="/wiki/Polihistor" title="Polihistor">polihistor</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$ebbe3cad-435c-e270-fada-e42b23a5d3e3"><a href="/wiki/Matematik" class="mw-redirect" title="Matematik">matematik</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$a4c2e720-4627-db15-5182-7cefa91d5186"><a href="/wiki/Kartograf" title="Kartograf">kartograf</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$9566425a-4442-bb31-e20a-0750148e065e"><a href="/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom">astronom</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$ff0797c7-44d9-cd2a-6641-9b29ce66a9c2"><a href="/wiki/Prevajalec" title="Prevajalec">prevajalec</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$DD4F77C9-B6A0-4D66-8E71-9CD505E9916C"><a href="/wiki/Antropolog" title="Antropolog">antropolog</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$6B48668F-C661-45F6-9A74-7A31F98AE449"><a href="/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik">fizik</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$6400135B-5611-49F0-95FF-397BE00F0306"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155647" class="extiw" title="d:Q155647">astrolog</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$00F32966-828E-4E3F-A025-0ED938D49DC9"><a href="/wiki/Zgodovinar" title="Zgodovinar">zgodovinar</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$6e1b8d7e-409c-075c-1b0c-6013af76c4d3"><a href="/wiki/Jezikoslovec" title="Jezikoslovec">jezikoslovec</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$f463ce32-4acf-4d57-3b80-d9b366c0672a"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18524037" class="extiw" title="d:Q18524037">indolog</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$578381ED-7616-4A35-9F00-E5871D3AC0D7"><a href="/wiki/Pisatelj" title="Pisatelj">pisatelj</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$51c8a872-dfe7-4792-9de6-721c20feee63"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105186" class="extiw" title="d:Q105186">farmacevt</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$6cacf124-46b5-121c-c0b2-b4f6b5a60b6c"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10527030" class="extiw" title="d:Q10527030">humanist</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q11826$729c578c-4502-66eb-ea53-d23a76c1730f"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374149" class="extiw" title="d:Q2374149">botanik</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5913888"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Obdobje</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Srednjeve%C5%A1ka_filozofija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Srednjeveška filozofija (stran ne obstaja)">Srednjeveška filozofija</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regija</th><td class="infobox-data category">Islamska znanost in filozofija</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Glavna zanimanja</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Znanstvena_metodologija" class="mw-redirect" title="Znanstvena metodologija">znanstvena metodologija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">astronomija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geografija" title="Geografija">geografija</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Falsifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Falsifa (stran ne obstaja)">falsifa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logika" title="Logika">logika</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalam (stran ne obstaja)">teologija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika">fizika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kemija" title="Kemija">kemija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geodezija" title="Geodezija">geodezija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paleontologija" title="Paleontologija">paleontologija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina">medicina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antropologija" title="Antropologija">antropologija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija">sociologija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psihologija" title="Psihologija">psihologija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zgodovina" title="Zgodovina">zgodovina</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Religiologija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religiologija (stran ne obstaja)">religiologija</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indologija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indologija (stran ne obstaja)">indijske študije</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Pomembne ideje</div></th><td class="infobox-data">začetnik znanstvene metodologije, številni prispevki v matematiki, astronomiji ter znanosti nasploh; nasprotnik mističnega <a href="/w/index.php?title=Novoplatonizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Novoplatonizem (stran ne obstaja)">novoplatonizma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alkimija" title="Alkimija">alkimije</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrologija" title="Astrologija">astrologije</a>, <a href="/wiki/Numerologija" title="Numerologija">numerologije</a>) v znanostih</td></tr><tr class="note"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Vplivi</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Mohamed" title="Mohamed">Mohamed</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evklid" title="Evklid">Evklid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ptolemej" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemej">Ptolemej</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peripateriki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peripateriki (stran ne obstaja)">peripateriki</a>, indijski viri matematike in astronomije, <a href="/wiki/Brahmagupta" title="Brahmagupta">Brahmagupta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nestorijanstvo" title="Nestorijanstvo">nestorijanski</a> viri helenizma in medicine, <a href="/wiki/Al-Kindi" title="Al-Kindi">Al-Kindi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabejstvo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabejstvo (stran ne obstaja)">sabejski</a> viri astronomije, <a href="/wiki/Al-Mamun" title="Al-Mamun">Al-Mamun</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hi%C5%A1a_Modrosti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiša Modrosti (stran ne obstaja)">Hiša Modrosti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sina" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Sina">Ibn Sina</a></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="note"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Vplival na</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sina" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Sina">Ibn Sina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Bad%C5%BEa" title="Ibn Badža">Ibn Badža</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al-Gazali" title="Al-Gazali">Al-Gazali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ru%C5%A1d" title="Ibn Rušd">Ibn Rušd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Veliki" title="Albert Veliki">Albert Veliki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Haldun" title="Ibn Haldun">Ibn Haldun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Bacon" title="Roger Bacon">R. Bacon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Kopernik" title="Nikolaj Kopernik">Kopernik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Brahe</a></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:Lunar_phases_al-Biruni.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Lunar_phases_al-Biruni.jpg/250px-Lunar_phases_al-Biruni.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Lunar_phases_al-Biruni.jpg/375px-Lunar_phases_al-Biruni.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Lunar_phases_al-Biruni.jpg/500px-Lunar_phases_al-Biruni.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2192" data-file-height="1544" /></a><figcaption>Risba iz al-Birunijeve knjige, ki kaže različne <a href="/wiki/Luna" title="Luna">Lunine</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lunina_faza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lunina faza (stran ne obstaja)">faze</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Abu Ar Rajhan Mohamed ibn Ahmed al-Biruni</b>, (na Zahodu znan kot <b>Aliboron</b>, tudi <b>Alberuni</b>) (<a href="/wiki/Arabsko" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabsko">arabsko</a> <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أبو الريحان البيروني</span>, <a href="/wiki/Perzij%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Perzijščina">perzijsko</a> ابوریحان بیرونی), <a href="/wiki/Perzijci" title="Perzijci">perzijski</a> <a href="/wiki/Matematik" class="mw-redirect" title="Matematik">matematik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronom" title="Astronom">astronom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik">fizik</a>, učenjak, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enciklopedist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enciklopedist (stran ne obstaja)">enciklopedist</a> in učitelj, * <a href="/wiki/15._september" title="15. september">15. september</a> <a href="/wiki/973" title="973">973</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiva" title="Hiva">Hiva</a>, nekdanji <a href="/wiki/Horezm" title="Horezm">Horezm</a> ob <a href="/wiki/Aralsko_jezero" title="Aralsko jezero">Aralskem jezeru</a>, pokrajina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korasan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korasan (stran ne obstaja)">Korasan</a>, sedaj v <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistanu</a>, † <a href="/wiki/13._december" title="13. december">13. december</a> <a href="/wiki/1048" title="1048">1048</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gasna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gasna (stran ne obstaja)">Gasna</a>, afganistanski Gasnavid, sedaj <a href="/wiki/Gazni" title="Gazni">Gazni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Življenje_in_delo"><span id=".C5.BDivljenje_in_delo"></span>Življenje in delo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi razdelek: Življenje in delo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&action=edit&section=1" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Življenje in delo"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Al-Biruni je bil perzijskega porekla in <a href="/wiki/Abu_Nasr_Mansur" title="Abu Nasr Mansur">ibn Irakov</a> učenec. Rodil se je za časa vladavine <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samanidi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samanidi (stran ne obstaja)">Samanidov</a>. Velikokrat so ga imenovali mojster in postal je eden od najbolj znanih muslimanskih <a href="/wiki/Znanstvenik" title="Znanstvenik">znanstvenikov</a> svojega časa. Zapisi kažejo, da je al-Biruni napisal 120 (113) različnih del, od katerih se jih je zelo malo ohranilo. Pisal je o <a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">astronomiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrologija" title="Astrologija">astrologiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kronologija" title="Kronologija">kronologiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geografija" title="Geografija">geografiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematiki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mehanika" title="Mehanika">mehaniki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina">medicini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Farmakologija" title="Farmakologija">farmakologiji</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mateorologija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mateorologija (stran ne obstaja)">meteorologiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mineralogija" title="Mineralogija">mineralogiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zgodovina" title="Zgodovina">zgodovini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verstvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Verstvo">religiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija">filozofiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knji%C5%BEevnost" title="Književnost">književnosti</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magija (stran ne obstaja)">magiji</a>. Ohranila se je ena ali dve knjigi iz vsakega področja. Vdor <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">sultana</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahmud_Gasni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahmud Gasni (stran ne obstaja)">Mahmuda Gasnija</a> v <a href="/wiki/Indija" title="Indija">Indijo</a> ga je obogatil z novim znanjem. Potoval je po Indiji, obvladal je <a href="/wiki/Sanskrt" title="Sanskrt">sanskrt</a>, predaval je grško filozofijo in napisal bogato in obsežno knjigo o Indiji, njenih običajih, književnosti, filozofiji, geografiji in ostalih znanosti <i>Zgodovina Indije</i> (<i>Tarikal - Hind</i>). Deloval je v <a href="/wiki/Rai" title="Rai">Raiju</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gurgan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gurgan (stran ne obstaja)">Gurganu</a>. </p><p>S sedemnajstimi leti je izračunal <a href="/wiki/Zemljepisna_%C5%A1irina" title="Zemljepisna širina">zemljepisno širino</a> Hive s pomočjo največje višine <a href="/wiki/Sonce" title="Sonce">Sonca</a>. Do 22. leta je napisal več krajših del in med njimi razpravo o <a href="/wiki/Kartografska_projekcija" title="Kartografska projekcija">kartografskih projekcijah</a> <i>Kartografija</i>, ki je vsebovala skupek postopkov za projiciranje <a href="/wiki/Ukrivljenost" title="Ukrivljenost">ukrivljene</a> <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">zemeljske</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obla (stran ne obstaja)">oble</a> na <a href="/wiki/Ravnina" title="Ravnina">ravnino</a>. </p><p>Do svojega 27. leta je napisal knjigo <i>Kronologija</i>, kjer se je skliceval na svoje drugo delo, sedaj žal izgubljeno, ki je vsebovalo knjigo o <a href="/wiki/Astrolab" title="Astrolab">astrolabu</a>, knjigo o <a href="/wiki/Deseti%C5%A1ki_sestav" class="mw-redirect" title="Desetiški sestav">desetiškem</a> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tevilski_sestav" class="mw-redirect" title="Številski sestav">številskem sestavu</a>, štiri o astrologiji in dve o zgodovini. </p><p>Al-Biruni je leta 1017 odpotoval v Afganistan na Mahmudov dvor v Gasno, jugozahodno od <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabula</a>, kjer je delal skupaj s pesnikom <a href="/wiki/Firdusi" class="mw-redirect" title="Firdusi">Firdusijem</a>. Pridobil si je ugled in visok položaj. Tam je tudi umrl. </p><p>Leta 1030 je napisal <i>Mas´udov kanon</i> (<i>Kanon Masuda</i>), (<i>Masudove astronomske tablice</i>, <i>Masudski kanon o astronomiji in zvezdah</i>) (<i>al-kanun al-Masudi fi-al-haj´a vannudžum</i>) in <i>Izbor povedanega o vprašanju senc</i> (<i>ifrad al-makal fi amr al-azlal</i>). Naslov kanona je posvečen Mahmudovemu nasledniku na prestolu, vsebina pa astronomiji in z znatnim deležem <a href="/wiki/Trigonometrija" title="Trigonometrija">trigonometrije</a>. Leta 1036 je napisal delo <i>O uporabi <a href="/wiki/Tetiva_(matematika)" title="Tetiva (matematika)">tetiv</a> v <a href="/wiki/Krog" title="Krog">krogu</a></i>, kjer je navedel <a href="/wiki/Kosinusni_izrek" title="Kosinusni izrek">kosinusni izrek</a> za poševnokotni <a href="/wiki/Trikotnik" title="Trikotnik">trikotnik</a> v ravninski trigonometriji: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a^{2}=b^{2}+c^{2}-2bc\cos \alpha \!\,,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>b</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>b</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a^{2}=b^{2}+c^{2}-2bc\cos \alpha \!\,,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8237861a9237b897f618f424ba5698fe613c9278" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:24.363ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a^{2}=b^{2}+c^{2}-2bc\cos \alpha \!\,,}"></span></dd></dl> <p>ki ga je do tedaj poznal v drugačni, za uporabo v trigonometriji neprikladni obliki, le <a href="/wiki/Evklid" title="Evklid">Evklid</a>. </p><p>V razpravi o sencah je al-Biruni opazoval, kako se je <a href="/wiki/Gnomon" title="Gnomon">gnomonova</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Senca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senca (stran ne obstaja)">senca</a> s <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cas" title="Čas">časom</a> spreminjala. Precej pred <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">Descartesom</a> je razmišljal o <a href="/wiki/Spremenljivka" title="Spremenljivka">spremenljivkah</a>, o <a href="/wiki/Gibanje" title="Gibanje">gibanju</a>. Opredelil je časovni <a href="/wiki/Interval" class="mw-disambig" title="Interval">interval</a>, primerjal ga je z »<a href="/wiki/Razdalja" title="Razdalja">razdaljo</a> med dvema koncema« in rekel, da te razdalje ne moremo najti brez gibanja. Od vseh gibanj mu je bilo najlepše, »najbolj ustaljeno od vseh obstoječih gibanj« tisto, v katerem se menjavata <a href="/wiki/Dan" title="Dan">dan</a> in <a href="/wiki/No%C4%8D" title="Noč">noč</a>; dan (vseh 24 <a href="/wiki/Ura" title="Ura">ur</a>) mu je »laket <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cas" title="Čas">časa</a>«. Spreminjanju senc sledi po <a href="/wiki/Dol%C5%BEina" title="Dolžina">dolžini</a> in po smeri (<a href="/wiki/Azimut" title="Azimut">azimutu</a>). Svetilo se giblje po obli, ravnina, v katero je zapičen gnomon, gre skozi središče oble, gnomon sam pa tiči prav v središču. Gibanje svetila je razdelil v dve sestavini: »vzporedno <a href="/wiki/Premer" title="Premer">premeru</a>, ki veže njegovo visoko in nizko lego« in »vzporedno drugima dvema premeroma«. Trije premeri v obli so pravzaprav <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koordinatna_os&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koordinatna os (stran ne obstaja)">koordinatne osi</a>, kot bi jim rekel Descartes. Prvič se svetilo giblje po <a href="/wiki/Veliki_krog" title="Veliki krog">velikem krogu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Poldnevnik" title="Poldnevnik">poldnevniku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meridijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Meridijan">meridijanu</a>), ki gre skozi gnomon, drugič <a href="/wiki/Kro%C5%BEenje" title="Kroženje">kroži</a> po <a href="/wiki/Vzporednik" title="Vzporednik">vzporedniku</a>. Al-Biruni je ugotavljal: prvo gibanje spreminja senci <a href="/wiki/Dol%C5%BEina" title="Dolžina">dolžino</a> in ohranja smer, drugo pa ohranja dolžino in spreminja le smer sence. V resnici, je dodal, opazujemo v naravi sestavo obeh gibanj. </p><p>Napisal je še <i>Gostote</i>, v kateri so zbrane <a href="/w/index.php?title=Specifi%C4%8Dna_gostota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Specifična gostota (stran ne obstaja)">specifične gostote</a> raznih <a href="/wiki/Kovina" title="Kovina">kovin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teko%C4%8Dina" title="Tekočina">tekočin</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kristal" title="Kristal">kristalov</a>, <i>Astrolab</i>, eno od najpomembnejših opisov tega astronomskega inštrumenta in <i>Farmakologija</i>, ki vsebuje več kot 700 opisov različnih zdravil. </p><p>Izračunal je <a href="/wiki/Zemljin_polmer" title="Zemljin polmer">Zemljin polmer</a> in dobil vrednost 6339,6 <a href="/wiki/Kilometer" title="Kilometer">km</a>. To vrednost so navajali na zahodu še v 16. stoletju. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Glej_tudi">Glej tudi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi razdelek: Glej tudi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Biruni&action=edit&section=2" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Glej tudi"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seznam_perzijskih_astronomov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seznam perzijskih astronomov (stran ne obstaja)">seznam perzijskih astronomov</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seznam_perzijskih_fizikov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seznam perzijskih fizikov (stran ne obstaja)">seznam perzijskih fizikov</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seznam_perzijskih_matematikov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seznam perzijskih matematikov (stran ne obstaja)">seznam perzijskih matematikov</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5916282">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5911185">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedijina zbirka ponuja več predstavnostnega gradiva o temi: <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Abu_Rayhan_al-Biruni" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Abu Rayhan al-Biruni">Al-Biruni</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5914392">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:solid #aaa 1px;padding:0.1em;background:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121450850">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifikator)">VIAF</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/100174240">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CONOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="CONOR (identifikator)">CONOR (Slovenija)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/si/sl/conor/283508323">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/100174240">WorldCat (via VIAF)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Narodne knjižnice</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90616829">Norveška</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1082729">Španija</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120695932">Francija</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120695932">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058620163206706">Katalonija</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118511327">Nemčija</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV118655">Italija</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007258711705171">Izrael</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80014376">ZDA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000031386&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvija</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000600876&CON_LNG=ENG">Češka republika</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35908468">Avstralija</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071545808">Nizozemska</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&NU=1&IM=4&WI=9810562839305606">Poljska</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/32707">Švedska</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/495_11294">Vatikan</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Biografski slovarji</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118511327.html?language=en">Nemčija</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Znanstvene podatkovne baze</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01899509?l=en">CiNii (Japonska)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/37245">MathSciNet</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:al-biruni.">zbMATH</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drugo</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/49789/">Faceted Application of Subject Terminology</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RERO_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="RERO (identifikator)">RERO (Švica)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A003067190">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6kd2svq">Social Networks and Archival Context</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC (identifikator)">SUDOC (Francija)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028970802">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/biruni">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trove_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trove (identifikator)">Trove (Avstralija)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1141245">1</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q119509990_citetype_Q1172284_citetype_Q19967801_citetype_Q4182287_citetype_Q1988927&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q54919&quot;&gt;Virtualna_mednarodna_normativna_datoteka&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:d:Q988937|[Dublin,_Ohio]]]:_[[:Online_Computer_Library_Center|OCLC]],_2003.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q988937]][[d:Track:Q54919]]&lt;/div&gt;-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q119509990_citetype_Q1172284_citetype_Q19967801_citetype_Q4182287_citetype_Q1988927&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q54919&quot;&gt;Virtualna_mednarodna_normativna_datoteka&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:d:Q988937|[Dublin,_Ohio]]]:_[[:Online_Computer_Library_Center|OCLC]],_2003.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q988937]][[d:Track:Q54919]]&lt;/div&gt;_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q119509990 citetype_Q1172284 citetype_Q19967801 citetype_Q4182287 citetype_Q1988927" data-entity-id="Q54919">Virtualna mednarodna normativna datoteka<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q988937" class="extiw" title="d:Q988937">[Dublin, Ohio]</a>: <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>, 2003.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q988937" class="extiw" title="d:Track:Q988937">d:Track:Q988937</a><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54919" class="extiw" title="d:Track:Q54919">d:Track:Q54919</a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-index_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-index_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-index_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q35127 citetype_Q193955" data-entity-id="Q1139550"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-index">Encyclopædia Iranica</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="/wiki/Zdru%C5%BEene_dr%C5%BEave_Amerike" title="Združene države Amerike">USA</a>: <a href="/wiki/Univerza_Columbia" title="Univerza Columbia">Columbia University</a>, 1982. — ISSN <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804">2330-4804</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q49088" class="extiw" title="d:Track:Q49088">d:Track:Q49088</a><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q30" class="extiw" title="d:Track:Q30">d:Track:Q30</a><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1139550" class="extiw" title="d:Track:Q1139550">d:Track:Q1139550</a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-i-life_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q193955&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q1139550&quot;&gt;[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-i-life_Encyclopædia_Iranica]&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_[[:Združene_države_Amerike|USA]]:_[[:Univerza_Columbia|Columbia_University]],_1982._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804_2330-4804]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q49088]][[d:Track:Q30]][[d:Track:Q1139550]]&lt;/div&gt;_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q35127 citetype_Q193955" data-entity-id="Q1139550"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/biruni-abu-rayhan-i-life">Encyclopædia Iranica</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="/wiki/Zdru%C5%BEene_dr%C5%BEave_Amerike" title="Združene države Amerike">USA</a>: <a href="/wiki/Univerza_Columbia" title="Univerza Columbia">Columbia University</a>, 1982. — ISSN <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2330-4804">2330-4804</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q49088" class="extiw" title="d:Track:Q49088">d:Track:Q49088</a><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q30" class="extiw" title="d:Track:Q30">d:Track:Q30</a><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1139550" class="extiw" title="d:Track:Q1139550">d:Track:Q1139550</a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q547473&quot;&gt;MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_archive&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_1994.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q547473]]&lt;/div&gt;-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-&lt;span_class=&quot;wikidata_cite_citetype_Q35127&quot;_data-entity-id=&quot;Q547473&quot;&gt;MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_archive&lt;span_class=&quot;wef_low_priority_links&quot;&gt;_—_1994.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div_style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;[[d:Track:Q547473]]&lt;/div&gt;_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q35127" data-entity-id="Q547473">MacTutor History of Mathematics archive<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 1994.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q547473" class="extiw" title="d:Track:Q547473">d:Track:Q547473</a></div></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pridobljeno iz »<a dir="ltr" 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