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nutrients</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: essential nutrients"> <meta name="keywords" content="essential nutrients"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="essential nutrients"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4831</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: essential nutrients</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4831</span> Factors Determining Selection of Essential Nutrition Supplements </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20C.%20S.%20Lim">Daniel C. S. Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are numerous nutritional supplements, such as multivitamins and nutrition drinks, in the market today. Many of these supplements are expensive and tend to be driven commercially by business decisions and big marketing budgets. Many of the costs are ultimately borne by the end user in the quest for keeping to a healthy lifestyle. This paper proposes a system with a list of ten determinants to gauge how to decide the value of various supplements. It suggests variables such as composition, safety, efficacy and bioavailability, as well as several other considerations. These guidelines can help to tackle many of the issues that people of all ages face in the way that they receive essential nutrients. The system also aims to promote and improve the safety and choice of foods and supplements. In so doing, the system aims to promote the individual’s or population’s control over their own health and reduce the growing health care burden on the society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=choice%20of%20foods%20and%20supplements" title="choice of foods and supplements">choice of foods and supplements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20nutrients" title=" essential nutrients"> essential nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20supplements" title=" nutritional supplements"> nutritional supplements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20safety" title=" system safety"> system safety</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61757/factors-determining-selection-of-essential-nutrition-supplements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4830</span> Combinatory Nutrition Supplementation: A Case of Synergy for Increasing Calcium Bioavailability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20C.%20S.%20Lim">Daniel C. S. Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Y.%20M.%20Yeo"> Eric Y. M. Yeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Y.%20Tan"> W. Y. Tan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an overview of how calcium interacts with the various essential nutrients within an environment of cellular and hormonal interactions for the purpose of increasing bioavailability to the human body. One example of such interactions can be illustrated with calcium homeostasis. This paper gives an in-depth discussion on the possible interactive permutations with various nutrients and factors leading to the promotion of calcium bioavailability to the body. The review hopes to provide further insights into how calcium supplement formulations can be improved to better influence its bioavailability in the human body. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioavailability" title="bioavailability">bioavailability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment%20of%20cellular%20and%20hormonal%20interactions" title=" environment of cellular and hormonal interactions"> environment of cellular and hormonal interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20combinations" title=" nutritional combinations"> nutritional combinations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergistic" title=" synergistic"> synergistic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61759/combinatory-nutrition-supplementation-a-case-of-synergy-for-increasing-calcium-bioavailability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61759.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4829</span> Geochemistry of Nutrients in the South Lagoon of Tunis, Northeast of Tunisia, Using Multivariable Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abidi%20Myriam">Abidi Myriam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Amor%20Rim"> Ben Amor Rim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gueddari%20Moncef"> Gueddari Moncef</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding ecosystem response to the restoration project is essential to assess its rehabilitation. Indeed, the time elapsed after restoration is a critical indicator to shows the real of the restoration success. In this order, the south lagoon of Tunis, a shallow Mediterranean coastal area, has witnessed several pollutions. To resolve this environmental problem, a large restoration project of the lagoon was undertaken. In this restoration works, the main changes are the decrease of the residence time of the lagoon water and the nutrient concentrations. In this paper, we attempt to evaluate the trophic state of lagoon water for evaluating the risk of eutrophication after almost 16 years of its restoration. To attend this objectives water quality monitoring was untaken. In order to identify and to analyze the natural and anthropogenic factor governing the nutrients concentrations of lagoon water geochemical methods and multivariate statistical tools were used. Results show that nutrients have duel sources due to the discharge of municipal wastewater of Megrine City in the south side of the lagoon. The Carlson index shows that the South lagoon of Tunis Lagoon Tunis is eutrophic, and may show limited summer anoxia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geochemistry" title="geochemistry">geochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients" title=" nutrients"> nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20analysis" title=" statistical analysis"> statistical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20south%20lagoon%20of%20Tunis" title=" the south lagoon of Tunis"> the south lagoon of Tunis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trophic%20state" title=" trophic state"> trophic state</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73188/geochemistry-of-nutrients-in-the-south-lagoon-of-tunis-northeast-of-tunisia-using-multivariable-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4828</span> Comparative Analysis of Pit Composting and Vermicomposting in a Tropical Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Ewemoje%20Oluseyi">E. Ewemoje Oluseyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20A.%20Ewemoje"> T. A. Ewemoje</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Adedeji"> A. A. Adedeji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biodegradable solid waste disposal and management has been a major problem in Nigeria and indiscriminate dumping of this waste either into watercourses or drains has led to environmental hazards affecting public health. The study investigated the nutrients level of pit composting and vermicomposting. Wooden bins 60 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm<sup>3</sup> in size were constructed and bedding materials (sawdust, egg shell, paper and grasses) and red worms (<em>Eisenia fetida</em>) introduced to facilitate the free movement and protection of the worms against harsh weather. A pit of 100 cm × 100 cm × 100 cm<sup>3</sup> was dug and worms were introduced into the pit, which was turned every two weeks. Food waste was fed to the red worms in the bin and pit, respectively. The composts were harvested after 100 days and analysed. The analyses gave: nitrogen has average value 0.87 % and 1.29 %; phosphorus 0.66 % and 1.78 %; potassium 4.35 % and 6.27 % for the pit and vermicomposting, respectively. Higher nutrient status of vermicomposting over pit composting may be attributed to the secretions in the intestinal tracts of worms which are more readily available for plant growth. However, iron and aluminium were more in the pit compost than the vermin compost and this may be attributed to the iron and aluminium already present in the soil before the composting took place. Other nutrients in ppm concentrations were aluminium 4,999.50 and 3,989.33; iron 2,131.83 and 633.40 for the pit and vermicomposting, respectively. These nutrients are only needed by plants in small quantities. Hence, vermicomposting has the higher concentration of essential nutrients necessary for healthy plant growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20wastes" title="food wastes">food wastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pit%20composting" title=" pit composting"> pit composting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20nutrient%20status" title=" plant nutrient status"> plant nutrient status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tropical%20environment" title=" tropical environment"> tropical environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vermicomposting" title=" vermicomposting"> vermicomposting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39757/comparative-analysis-of-pit-composting-and-vermicomposting-in-a-tropical-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4827</span> Mean Nutrient Intake and Nutrient Adequacy Ratio in India: Occurrence of Hidden Hunger in Indians</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abha%20Gupta">Abha Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepak%20K.%20Mishra"> Deepak K. Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The focus of food security studies in India has been on the adequacy of calories and its linkage with poverty level. India currently being undergoing a massive demographic and epidemiological transition has demonstrated a decline in average physical activity with improved mechanization and urbanization. Food consumption pattern is also changing with decreasing intake of coarse cereals and a marginal increase in the consumption of fruits, vegetables and meat products resulting into a nutrition transition in the country. However, deficiency of essential micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals is rampant despite their growing importance in fighting back with lifestyle and other modern diseases. The calorie driven studies can hardly tackle the complex problem of malnutrition. This paper fills these research lacuna and analyses mean intake of different major and micro-nutrients among different socio-economic groups and adequacy of these nutrients from recommended dietary allowance. For the purpose, a cross-sectional survey covering 304 households selected through proportional stratified random sampling was conducted in six villages of Aligarh district of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Data on quantity consumed of 74 food items grouped into 10 food categories with a recall period of seven days was collected from the households and converted into energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, iron, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin C using standard guidelines of National Institute of Nutrition. These converted nutrients were compared with recommended norms given by National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau. Per capita nutrient adequacy was calculated by dividing mean nutrient intake by the household size and then by comparing it with recommended norm. Findings demonstrate that source of both macro and micro-nutrients are mainly cereals followed by milk, edible oil and sugar items. Share of meat in providing essential nutrients is very low due to vegetarian diet. Vegetables, pulses, nuts, fruits and dry fruits are a poor source for most of the nutrients. Further analysis evinces that intake of most of the nutrients is higher than the recommended norm. Riboflavin is the only vitamin whose intake is less than the standard norm. Poor group, labour, small farmers, Muslims, scheduled caste demonstrate comparatively lower intake of all nutrients than their counterpart groups, though, they get enough macro and micro-nutrients significantly higher than the norm. One of the major reasons for higher intake of most of the nutrients across all socio-economic groups is higher consumption of monotonous diet based on cereals and milk. Most of the nutrients get their major share from cereals particularly wheat and milk intake. It can be concluded from the analysis that although there is adequate intake of most of the nutrients in the diet of rural population yet their source is mainly cereals and milk products depicting a monotonous diet. Hence, more efforts are needed to diversify the diet by giving more focus to the production of other food items particularly fruits, vegetables and pulse products. Awareness among the population, more accessibility and incorporating food items other than cereals in government social safety programmes are other measures to improve food security in India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hidden%20hunger" title="hidden hunger">hidden hunger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients" title=" nutrients"> nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recommended%20norm" title=" recommended norm"> recommended norm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39432/mean-nutrient-intake-and-nutrient-adequacy-ratio-in-india-occurrence-of-hidden-hunger-in-indians" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4826</span> Producing Fertilizers of Increased Environmental and Agrochemical Efficiency via Application of Plant-available Inorganic Coatings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Norov">Andrey Norov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reduction of inefficient losses of nutrients when using mineral fertilizers is a very important and urgent challenge, which is of both economic and environmental significance. The loss of nutrients to the environment leads to the release of greenhouse gases, eutrophication of water bodies, soil salinization and degradation, and other undesirable phenomena. This report focuses on slow and controlled release fertilizers produced through the application of inorganic coatings, which make the released nutrients plant-available. There are shown the advantages of these fertilizers their improved physical and chemical properties, as well as the effect of the coatings on yield growth and on the degree of nutrient efficiency. This type of fertilizers is an alternative to other polymer-coated fertilizers and is more ecofriendly. The production method is protected by the Russian patent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coatings" title="coatings">coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controlled%20release" title=" controlled release"> controlled release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizer" title=" fertilizer"> fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients" title=" nutrients"> nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient%20efficiency" title=" nutrient efficiency"> nutrient efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield%20increase" title=" yield increase"> yield increase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159620/producing-fertilizers-of-increased-environmental-and-agrochemical-efficiency-via-application-of-plant-available-inorganic-coatings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4825</span> An Alternative Semi-Defined Larval Diet for Rearing of Sand Fly Species Phlebotomus argentipes in Laboratory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizan%20Hassan">Faizan Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seema%20Kumari"> Seema Kumari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20P.%20Singh"> V. P. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradeep%20Das"> Pradeep Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diwakar%20Singh%20Dinesh"> Diwakar Singh Dinesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phlebotomus argentipes is an established vector for Visceral Leishmaniasis in Indian subcontinent. Laboratory colonization of Sand flies is imperative in research on vectors, which requires a proper diet for their larvae and adult growth that ultimately affects their survival and fecundity. In most of the laboratories, adult Sand flies are reared on rabbit blood feeding/artificial blood feeding and their larvae on fine grinded rabbit faeces as a sole source of food. Rabbit faeces are unhygienic, difficult to handle, high mites infestation as well as owing to bad odour which creates menacing to human users ranging from respiratory problems to eye infection and most importantly it does not full fill all the nutrients required for proper growth and development. It is generally observed that the adult emergence is very low in comparison to egg hatched, which may be due to insufficient food nutrients provided to growing larvae. To check the role of food nutrients on larvae survival and adult emergence, a high protein rich artificial diet for sand fly larvae were used in this study. The composition of artificial diet to be tested includes fine grinded (9 gm each) Rice, Pea nuts & Soyabean balls. These three food ingredients are rich source of all essential amino acids along with carbohydrate and minerals which is essential for proper metabolism and growth. In this study artificial food was found significantly more effective for larval development and adult emergence than rabbit faeces alone (P value >0.05). The weight of individual larvae was also found higher in test pots than the control. This study suggest that protein plays an important role in insect larvae development and adding carbohydrate will also enhances the fecundity of insects larvae. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20food" title="artificial food">artificial food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients" title=" nutrients"> nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phlebotomus%20argentipes" title=" Phlebotomus argentipes"> Phlebotomus argentipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand%20fly" title=" sand fly"> sand fly</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66968/an-alternative-semi-defined-larval-diet-for-rearing-of-sand-fly-species-phlebotomus-argentipes-in-laboratory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4824</span> A Plasmonic Mass Spectrometry Approach for Detection of Small Nutrients and Toxins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haiyang%20Su">Haiyang Su</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kun%20Qian"> Kun Qian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We developed a novel plasmonic matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) approach to detect small nutrients and toxin in complex biological emulsion samples. We used silver nanoshells (SiO₂@Ag) with optimized structures as matrices and achieved direct analysis of ~6 nL of human breast milk without any enrichment or separation. We performed identification and quantitation of small nutrients and toxins with limit-of-detection down to 0.4 pmol (for melamine) and reaction time shortened to minutes, superior to the conventional biochemical methods currently in use. Our approach contributed to the near-future application of MALDI MS in a broad field and personalized design of plasmonic materials for real case bio-analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmonic%20materials" title="plasmonic materials">plasmonic materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20desorption%2Fionization" title=" laser desorption/ionization"> laser desorption/ionization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20spectrometry" title=" mass spectrometry"> mass spectrometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20nutrients" title=" small nutrients"> small nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxins" title=" toxins"> toxins</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90310/a-plasmonic-mass-spectrometry-approach-for-detection-of-small-nutrients-and-toxins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4823</span> Development of an IoT System for Smart Crop Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oyenike%20M.%20Olanrewaju">Oyenike M. Olanrewaju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faith%20O.%20Echobu"> Faith O. Echobu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aderemi%20G.%20Adesoji"> Aderemi G. Adesoji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmy%20Danny%20Ajik"> Emmy Danny Ajik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Nda%20Ndabula"> Joseph Nda Ndabula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Lucas"> Stephen Lucas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nutrients are required for any soil with which plants thrive to improve efficient growth and productivity. Amongst these nutrients required for proper plant productivity are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK). Due to factors like leaching, nutrients uptake by plants, soil erosion and evaporation, these elements tend to be in low quantity and the need to replenish them arises. But these replenishment of soil nutrients cannot be done without a timely soil test to enable farmers to know the amount of each element in short quantity and evaluate the amount required to be added. Though wet soil analysis is good but it comes with a lot of challenges ranging from soil test gargets availability to the technical knowledge of how to conduct such soil test by the common farmer. Internet of things test kit was developed to fill in the gaps created by wet soil analysis, as it can test for N, P, K, soil temperature and soil moisture in a given soil at the time of test. In this implementation, sample test was carried out within 0.2 hectares of land divided into smaller plots. The kits perform adequately well as the range of values obtained across the segments were within a very close range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Internet%20of%20Things" title="Internet of Things">Internet of Things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20nutrients" title=" soil nutrients"> soil nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20kit" title=" test kit"> test kit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20temperature" title=" soil temperature"> soil temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174522/development-of-an-iot-system-for-smart-crop-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4822</span> Human Health and Omega 3 Fatty Acids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinpa%20Palmo">Jinpa Palmo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many research, omega 3 fatty acid which is a polyunsaturated fatty acids is proved to be very important and essential nutrients having many different health benefits but apart from other fatty acids, it cannot be synthesise by our human body. Therefore, we have to get these fatty acids by consuming diets and supplements rich in it. Even though human beings can live by consuming other important nutrients but can live much healthier and longer by consuming omega 3 fatty acids. American heart association AHA recommends for daily intake of omega 3 fatty acids specially by those people with coronary heart disease. Fish considering as nutritional valuable animal is mostly due to its lipid content (fish oil) in which these omega 3 fatty acids are present very significantly. Fish does not actually produce these omega 3 fatty acid in their body, but receive these fatty acids through the food web in which phytoplankton are the chief source of these omega fatty acids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatty%20acid" title="fatty acid">fatty acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title=" fish"> fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease" title=" disease"> disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157895/human-health-and-omega-3-fatty-acids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4821</span> Micro-Nutrient Bio-Fortification in Sprouts Grown on Fortified Fiber Mats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Nyenhuis">J. Nyenhuis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Drelich"> J. Drelich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research study was designed to determine if food crops could be bio-fortified with micro-nutrients by growing sprouts on mineral fortified fiber mats. Diets high in processed foods have been found to lack essential micro-nutrients for optimum human development and overall health. Some micro-nutrients such as copper (Cu) have been found to enhance the inflammatory response through its oxidative functions, thereby having a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes and related complications. Recycled cellulose fibers and clay saturated with micro-nutrient ions can be converted to a novel mineral-metal hybrid material in which the fiber mat becomes a carrier of essential micro-nutrients. The reduction of ionic to metallic copper was accomplished using hydrogen at temperatures ranging from 400o to 600oC. Copper particles with diameters ranging from ~1 to 400-500 nm reside on the recycled fibers that make up the mats. Seeds purchased from a commercial, organic supplier were germinated on the specially engineered cellulose fiber mats that incorporated w10 wt% clay fillers saturated with either copper particles or ionic copper. After the appearance of the first leaves, the sprouts were dehydrated and analyzed for Cu content. Nutrient analysis showed 1.5 to 1.6 increase in Cu of the sprouts grown on the fiber mats with copper particles, and 2.3 to 2.5 increase on mats with ionic copper as compared to the control samples. The antibacterial properties of materials saturated with copper ions at room temperature and at temperatures up to 400°C have been verified with halo method tests against Escherichia Coli in previous studies. E. coli is a known pathogenic risk in sprout production. Copper exhibits excellent antibacterial properties when tested on S. aureus, a pathogenic gram-positive bacterium. This has also been confirmed for the fiber-copper hybrid material in this study. This study illustrates the potential for the use of engineered mats as a viable way to increase the micro-nutrient composition of locally-grown food crops and the need for additional research to determine the uptake, nutritional implications and risks of micro-nutrient bio-fortification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-fortification" title="bio-fortification">bio-fortification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20nutrient%20analysis" title=" copper nutrient analysis"> copper nutrient analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-nutrient%20uptake" title=" micro-nutrient uptake"> micro-nutrient uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sprouts%20and%20mineral-fortified%20mats" title=" sprouts and mineral-fortified mats"> sprouts and mineral-fortified mats</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36673/micro-nutrient-bio-fortification-in-sprouts-grown-on-fortified-fiber-mats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4820</span> Encapsulation and Protection of Bioactive Nutrients Based on Ligand-Binding Property of Milk Proteins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao%20Cheng">Hao Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yingzhou%20Ni"> Yingzhou Ni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amr%20M.%20Bakry"> Amr M. Bakry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Liang"> Li Liang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Functional foods containing bioactive nutrients offer benefits beyond basic nutrition and hence the possibility of delaying and preventing chronic diseases. However, many bioactive nutrients degrade rapidly under food processing and storage conditions. Encapsulation can be used to overcome these limitations. Food proteins have been widely used as carrier materials for the preparation of nano/micro-particles because of their ability to form gels and emulsions and to interact with polysaccharides. The mechanisms of interaction between bioactive nutrients and proteins must be understood in order to develop protein-based lipid-free delivery systems. Beta-lactoglobulin, a small globular protein in milk whey, exhibits an affinity to a wide range of compounds. Alfa-tocopherol, resveratrol and folic acid were respectively bound to the central cavity, the outer surface near Trp19–Arg124 and the hydrophobic pocket in the groove between the alfa-helix and the beta-barrel of the protein. Beta-lactoglobulin could thus bind the three bioactive nutrients simultaneously to form protein-multi-ligand complexes. Beta-casein, an intrinsically unstructured but major milk protein, could also interact with resveratrol and folic acid to form complexes. These results suggest the potential to develop milk-protein-based complex carrier systems for encapsulation of multiple bioactive nutrients for functional food application and also pharmaceutical and medical uses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milk%20protein" title="milk protein">milk protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20nutrient" title=" bioactive nutrient"> bioactive nutrient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection" title=" protection"> protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32528/encapsulation-and-protection-of-bioactive-nutrients-based-on-ligand-binding-property-of-milk-proteins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4819</span> Nutrient in River Ecosystems Follows Human Activities More Than Climate Warming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Abdulridha%20Hamdan">Mohammed Abdulridha Hamdan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To face the water crisis, understanding the role of human activities on nutrient concentrations in aquatic ecosystems needs more investigations to compare to extensively studies which have been carried out to understand these impacts on the water quality of different aquatic ecosystems. We hypothesized human activates on the catchments of Tigris river may change nutrient concentrations in water along the river. The results showed that phosphate concentration differed significantly among the studied sites due to distributed human activities, while nitrate concentration did not. Phosphate and nitrate concentrations were not affected by water temperature. We concluded that human activities on the surrounding landscapes could be more essential sources for nutrients of aquatic ecosystems than role of ongoing climate warming. Despite the role of warming in driving nutrients availability in aquatic ecosystems, our findings suggest to take the different activities on the surrounding catchments into account in the studies caring about the trophic status classification of aquatic ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrate" title="nitrate">nitrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title=" phosphate"> phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropogenic" title=" anthropogenic"> anthropogenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warming" title=" warming"> warming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161505/nutrient-in-river-ecosystems-follows-human-activities-more-than-climate-warming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4818</span> Nutrient Availability in River Ecosystems Follows Human Activities More than Climate Warming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Abdulridha%20Hamdan">Mohammed Abdulridha Hamdan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To face the water crisis, understanding the role of human activities on nutrient concentrations in aquatic ecosystems needs more investigations compare to extensively studies which have been carried out to understand these impacts on water quality of different aquatic ecosystems. We hypothesized human activates on the catchments of Tigris river may change nutrient concentrations in water along the river. The results showed that phosphate concentration differed significantly among the studied sites due to distributed human activities, while nitrate concentration did not. Phosphate and nitrate concentrations were not affected by water temperature. We concluded that human activities on the surrounding landscapes could be more essential sources for nutrients of aquatic ecosystems than role of ongoing climate warming. Despite the role of warming in driving nutrients availability in aquatic ecosystems, our findings suggest to take the different activities on the surrounding catchments into account in the studies caring about trophic status classification of aquatic ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title="phosphate">phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrate" title=" nitrate"> nitrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropogenic" title=" anthropogenic"> anthropogenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warming" title=" warming"> warming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161466/nutrient-availability-in-river-ecosystems-follows-human-activities-more-than-climate-warming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4817</span> Nutrient Availability in River Ecosystems Follows Human Activities More than Climate Warming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Abdulridha%20Hamdan">Mohammed Abdulridha Hamdan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To face the water crisis, understanding the role of human activities on nutrient concentrations in aquatic ecosystems needs more investigations compare to extensively studies, which have been carried out to understand these impacts on water quality of different aquatic ecosystems. We hypothesized human activates on the catchments of Tigris river may change nutrient concentrations in water along the river. The results showed that phosphate concentration differed significantly among the studied sites due to distributed human activities, while nitrate concentration did not. Phosphate and nitrate concentrations were not affected by water temperature. We concluded that human activities on the surrounding landscapes could be more essential sources for nutrients of aquatic ecosystems than role of ongoing climate warming. Despite the role of warming in driving nutrients availability in aquatic ecosystems, our findings suggest to take the different activities on the surrounding catchments into account in the studies caring about trophic status classification of aquatic ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title="phosphate">phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrate" title=" nitrate"> nitrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthropogenic" title=" Anthropogenic"> Anthropogenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warming" title=" warming"> warming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160728/nutrient-availability-in-river-ecosystems-follows-human-activities-more-than-climate-warming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4816</span> Soil Organic Carbon and Nutrients in Smallholding Land Uses in Southern Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mekdes%20Lulu">Mekdes Lulu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study assessed the soil organic C (SOC) and soil nutrients in smallholding home garden, woodlot, grazing land, and cropland at two soil depths and two sites in Wolaita Zone, southern Ethiopia. The results showed that soil properties were significantly influenced by land use. The home garden had significantly higher (p < 0.05) SOC and soil nutrients when compared to the cropland. When the home garden was compared to the woodlot and grazing land uses, it had significantly higher (p < 0.05) values except in SOC, total N (TN), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and exchangeable Ca. Cropland, in comparison with grazing land and woodlot, had a non-significant difference except TN. The SOC stock (0–40 cm) in the home garden, woodlot, grazing land and cropland was 79.5, 68.0, 65.0, and 58.1 Mg ha–1, respectively. Home garden significantly differed (p <0.05) in SOC only from cropland, and this was attributed not only to the relatively higher organic input in the home garden but also to the little organic matter input and frequently tillage of the cropland. The similar SOC among the home garden, woodlot and grazing lands may imply that the balance between inputs and outputs could be nearly similar for the land uses. Soil TN and CEC had a nearly similar pattern of difference as in SOC among the land uses because of their close relationship with SOC. In general, the land use influence on soil nutrients can be in the order: home garden > wood land » grazing land » cropland, with home garden showing the least difference from the woodlot and the greatest from the cropland. In the agroecosystem, in general, the influence of smallholding home garden on SOC and soil nutrient was marginally different from Eucalyptus woodlot and grazing lands but evidently different from cropland. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cropland" title="cropland">cropland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grazing%20land" title=" grazing land"> grazing land</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=home%20garden" title=" home garden"> home garden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soc%20stock" title=" soc stock"> soc stock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20nutrients" title=" soil nutrients"> soil nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=woodlot" title=" woodlot"> woodlot</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190065/soil-organic-carbon-and-nutrients-in-smallholding-land-uses-in-southern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4815</span> Effect of Three Drying Methods on Antioxidant Efficiency and Vitamin C Content of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenia%20Mart%C3%ADnez">Kenia Martínez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geniel%20Talavera"> Geniel Talavera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Alonso"> Juan Alonso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <em>Moringa oleifera</em> is a plant containing many nutrients that are mostly concentrated within the leaves. Commonly, the separation process of these nutrients involves solid-liquid extraction followed by evaporation and drying to obtain a concentrated extract, which is rich in proteins, vitamins, carbohydrates, and other essential nutrients that can be used in the food industry. In this work, three drying methods were used, which involved very different temperature and pressure conditions, to evaluate the effect of each method on the vitamin C content and the antioxidant efficiency of the extracts. Solid-liquid extractions of <em>Moringa</em> leaf (LE) were carried out by employing an ethanol solution (35% v/v) at 50 °C for 2 hours. The resulting extracts were then dried <em>i</em>) in a convective oven (CO) at 100 °C and at an atmospheric pressure of 750 mbar for 8 hours, <em>ii</em>) in a vacuum evaporator (VE) at 50 °C and at 300 mbar for 2 hours, and <em>iii</em>) in a freeze-drier (FD) at -40 °C and at 0.050 mbar for 36 hours. The antioxidant capacity (EC<sub>50</sub>, mg solids/g DPPH) of the dry solids was calculated by the free radical inhibition method employing DPPH˙ at 517 nm, resulting in a value of 2902.5 ± 14.8 for LE, 3433.1 ± 85.2 for FD, 3980.1 ± 37.2 for VE, and 8123.5 ± 263.3 for CO. The calculated antioxidant efficiency (AE, g DPPH/(mg solids·min)) was 2.920 × 10<sup>-5</sup> for LE, 2.884 × 10<sup>-5</sup> for FD, 2.512 × 10<sup>-5</sup> for VE, and 1.009 × 10<sup>-5</sup> for CO. Further, the content of vitamin C (mg/L) determined by HPLC was 59.0 ± 0.3 for LE, 49.7 ± 0.6 for FD, 45.0 ± 0.4 for VE, and 23.6 ± 0.7 for CO. The results indicate that the convective drying preserves vitamin C and antioxidant efficiency to 40% and 34% of the initial value, respectively, while vacuum drying to 76% and 86%, and freeze-drying to 84% and 98%, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20efficiency" title="antioxidant efficiency">antioxidant efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20drying" title=" convective drying"> convective drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freeze-drying" title=" freeze-drying"> freeze-drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moringa%20oleifera" title=" Moringa oleifera"> Moringa oleifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacuum%20drying" title=" vacuum drying"> vacuum drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20C%20content" title=" vitamin C content"> vitamin C content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75095/effect-of-three-drying-methods-on-antioxidant-efficiency-and-vitamin-c-content-of-moringa-oleifera-leaf-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4814</span> Simulation of 'Net' Nutrients Removal by Green Mussel (Perna viridis) in Estuarine and Coastal Areas </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chayarat%20Tantanasarit">Chayarat Tantanasarit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandhya%20Babel"> Sandhya Babel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Green mussels (Perna viridis) can effectively remove nutrients from seawater through their filtration process. This study aims to estimate 'net' nutrient removal rate by green mussel through calculation of nutrient uptake and release. Nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) uptake was calculated based on the mussel filtration rate. Nutrient release was evaluated from carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus released as mussel feces. By subtracting nutrient release from nutrient uptake, net nutrient removal by green mussel can be found as 3302, 380 and 124 mg/year/indv. Mass balance model was employed to simulate nutrient removal in actual green mussel farming conditions. Mussels farm area, seawater flow rate and amount of mussels were considered in the model. Results show that although larger quantity of green mussel farms lead to higher nutrient removal rate, the maximum green mussel cultivation should be taken into consideration as nutrients released through mussel excretion can strongly affect marine ecosystem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon" title="carbon">carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecretion" title=" ecretion"> ecretion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtration" title=" filtration"> filtration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen" title=" nitrogen"> nitrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title=" phosphorus"> phosphorus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2464/simulation-of-net-nutrients-removal-by-green-mussel-perna-viridis-in-estuarine-and-coastal-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4813</span> Resin-coated Controlled Release Fertilizer (CRF) for Oil Palm: Laboratory and Main Nursery Evaluation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umar%20Adli%20Amran">Umar Adli Amran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20Choon%20Chek"> Tan Choon Chek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Shahkhirat%20Norizan"> Mohd Shahkhirat Norizan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Then%20Kek%20Hoe"> Then Kek Hoe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Controlled release fertilizer (CRF) enables a regulated nutrients release for more efficient plant uptake compared to the normal granular fertilizer. It reduces nutrients loss via surface run-off and leaching, hence promotes sustainable agriculture. Although the performance of CRF in providing consistent and timely nutrients supply is well known, its expensive price limits it usage in a large scale plantation. This study is conducted to evaluate the properties and performance of bio-based polyurethane (PU)-coated CRF via laboratory and oil palm main nursery trial. The CRF is produced by coating of a normal commercial compound granular fertilizer from FGV Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd., namely Felda 10 (10.5-8-20-3+0.5B), and designated as CRF FGV10. Based on laboratory evaluation, the CRF FGV10 can sustain nutrients release for more than 6 months. Vegetative growth parameters such as girth size, palm height, third frond length, and the total number of fronds produced were recorded. Besides that, dry biomass of the oil palm seedlings was also determined. From the evaluation, it is proved that at 50% reduction of nutrients application rate and for only two times application (T3), CRF FGV10 enabled the oil palm seedlings to achieve similar vegetative growth with the control samples (T1). It is also proven that only PU-coated CRF FGV10 had allowed the reduction of fertilizer rate and application rounds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title="nutrition">nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20palm%20seedlings" title=" oil palm seedlings"> oil palm seedlings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyurethane" title=" polyurethane"> polyurethane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20manuring" title=" sustainable manuring"> sustainable manuring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetative%20growth" title=" vegetative growth"> vegetative growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184431/resin-coated-controlled-release-fertilizer-crf-for-oil-palm-laboratory-and-main-nursery-evaluation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4812</span> Removal of Nitrate and Phosphates from Waste Water Using Activated Bio-Carbon Produced from Agricultural Waste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kgomotso%20Matobole">Kgomotso Matobole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natania%20De%20Wet"> Natania De Wet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tefo%20Mbambo"> Tefo Mbambo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilary%20Rutto"> Hilary Rutto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tumisang%20Seodigeng"> Tumisang Seodigeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nitrogen and phosphorus are nutrients which are required in the ecosystem, however, at high levels, these nutrients contribute to the process of eutrophication in the receiving water bodies, which threatens aquatic organisms. Hence it is vital that they are removed before the water is discharged. This phenomenon increases the cost related to wastewater treatment. This raises the need for the development of processes that are cheaper. Activated biocarbon was used in batch and filtration system to remove nitrates and phosphates. The batch system has higher nutrients removal capabilities than the filtration system. For phosphate removal, 93 % removal is achieved at the adsorbent of 300 g while for nitrates, 84 % removal is achieved when 200 g of activated carbon is loaded. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20water%20treatment" title="waste water treatment">waste water treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphates" title=" phosphates"> phosphates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrates" title=" nitrates"> nitrates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title=" activated carbon"> activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20waste" title=" agricultural waste"> agricultural waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64536/removal-of-nitrate-and-phosphates-from-waste-water-using-activated-bio-carbon-produced-from-agricultural-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4811</span> Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of the Essential Oil of Pulicaria jaubertii Leaves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Methaq%20Algabr">Methaq Algabr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabil%20Al-Hajj"> Nabil Al-Hajj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ameerh%20Jaber"> Ameerh Jaber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amtellah%20Alshotobi"> Amtellah Alshotobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaima%27a%20Al-suryhi"> Shaima'a Al-suryhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadah%20Whaban"> Gadah Whaban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawal%20Alshehari"> Nawal Alshehari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Steam distillation of the essential oil of P. jaubertii was performed using a Clevenger apparatus. Essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major chemical components identified in P. jaubertii essential oil include carvotanacetone (63.975%), 1-methyl-1,2-propanedione (5.887%), 2,5-dimethoxy-para-cymene (3.303%) and ar-curcumene (3.276%). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of P. jaubertii was evaluated against all tested microorganisms. P. jaubertii essential oil inhibited all tested microorganisms except Escherichia coli with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5.0 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pulicaria%20jaubertii" title="Pulicaria jaubertii">Pulicaria jaubertii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oil" title=" essential oil"> essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title=" antimicrobial"> antimicrobial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carvotancetone" title=" Carvotancetone"> Carvotancetone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160906/antibacterial-and-antifungal-activities-of-the-essential-oil-of-pulicaria-jaubertii-leaves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4810</span> Nutrients Removal from Industrial Wastewater Using Constructed Wetland System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christine%20Odinga">Christine Odinga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fred%20Otieno"> Fred Otieno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josiah%20Adeyemo"> Josiah Adeyemo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study was done to establish the effectiveness of wetland plants: Echinocloa pyramidalis (L) and Cyperus papyrus (L) in purifying wastewater from sugar factory stabilization pond effluent. A pilot-scale Free Water Surface Wetland (FWSCW) system was constructed in Chemelil sugar factory, Kenya for the study. The wetland was divided into 8 sections (cells) and planted with C. papyrus and E. pyramidalis in alternating sequence. Water samples and plant specimen were taken fortnightly at inlets and outlets of the cells and analysed for total phosphates and total nitrates. The data was analysed by use of Microsoft excel and SPSS computer packages. Water analysis recorded a reduction in the nutrient levels between the inlet pond nine and the final outlet channel to River Nyando. The plants grown in the wetland experienced varied increases and reductions in the level of total foliar nitrogen and phosphorous, indicating that though the nutrients were being removed from the wetland, the same were not those assimilated by the plants either. The control plants had higher folia phosphorous and nitrogen, an indication that the system of the constructed wetland was able to eliminate the nutrients effectively from the plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wetlands" title="wetlands">wetlands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructed" title=" constructed"> constructed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plants" title=" plants"> plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients" title=" nutrients"> nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial" title=" industrial"> industrial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46894/nutrients-removal-from-industrial-wastewater-using-constructed-wetland-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4809</span> Dietary Vitamin D Intake and the Bladder Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iris%20W.%20A.%20Boot">Iris W. A. Boot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anke%20Wesselius"> Anke Wesselius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maurice%20P.%20Zeegers"> Maurice P. Zeegers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diet may play an essential role in the aetiology of bladder cancer (BC). Vitamin D is involved in various biological functions which have the potential to prevent BC development. Besides, vitamin D also influences the uptake of calcium and phosphorus , thereby possibly indirectly influencing the risk of BC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between vitamin D intake and BC risk. Individual dietary data were pooled from three cohort studies. Food item intake was converted to daily intakes of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus. Pooled multivariate hazard ratios (HRs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using Cox-regression models. Analyses were adjusted for gender, age and smoking status (Model 1), and additionally for the food groups fruit, vegetables and meat (Model 2). Dose–response relationships (Model 1) were examined using a nonparametric test for trend. In total, 2,871 cases and 522,364 non-cases were included in the analyses. The present study showed an overall increased BC risk for high dietary vitamin D intake (HR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03-1.26). A similar increase BC risk with high vitamin D intake was observed among women and for the non-muscle invasive BC subtype, (HR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.15-1.72, HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.27, respectively). High calcium intake decreased the BC risk among women (HR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67-0.97). A combined inverse effect on BC risk was observed for low vitamin D intake and high calcium intake (HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.48-0.93), while a positive effect was observed for high vitamin D intake in combination with low, moderate and high phosphorus (HR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.09-1.59, HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.36, HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03-1.31, respectively). Combining all nutrients showed a decreased BC risk for low vitamin D intake, high calcium and moderate phosphor intake (HR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.18-0.75), and an increased BC risk for moderate intake of all the nutrients (HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.02-1.38), for high vitamin D and low calcium and phosphor intake (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.01-1.62), and for moderate vitamin D and calcium and high phosphorus intake (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.01-1.59). No significant dose-response analyses were observed. The findings of this study show an increased BC risk for high dietary vitamin D intake and a decreased risk for high calcium intake. Besides, the study highlights the importance of examining the effect of a nutrient in combination with complementary nutrients for risk assessment. Future research should focus on nutrients in a wider context and in nutritional patterns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bladder%20cancer" title="bladder cancer">bladder cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20oncology" title=" nutritional oncology"> nutritional oncology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pooled%20cohort%20analysis" title=" pooled cohort analysis"> pooled cohort analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D" title=" vitamin D"> vitamin D</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152935/dietary-vitamin-d-intake-and-the-bladder-cancer-risk-a-pooled-analysis-of-prospective-cohort-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4808</span> Effect of Local Processing Techniques on the Nutrients and Anti-Nutrients Content of Bitter Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20S.%20Alakali">J. S. Alakali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Ismaila"> A. R. Ismaila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20G.%20Atume"> T. G. Atume</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of local processing techniques on the nutrients and anti-nutrients content of bitter cassava were investigated. Raw bitter cassava tubers were boiled, sundried, roasted, fried to produce Kuese, partially fermented and sun dried to produce Alubo, fermented by submersion to produce Akpu and fermented by solid state to produce yellow and white gari. These locally processed cassava products were subjected to proximate, mineral analysis and anti-nutrient analysis using standard methods. The result of the proximate analysis showed that, raw bitter cassava is composed of 1.85% ash, 20.38% moisture, 4.11% crude fibre, 1.03% crude protein, 0.66% lipids and 71.88% total carbohydrate. For the mineral analysis, the raw bitter cassava tuber contained 32.00% Calcium, 12.55% Magnesium, 1.38% Iron and 80.17% Phosphorous. Even though all processing techniques significantly increased the mineral content, fermentation had higher mineral increment effect. The anti-nutrients analysis showed that the raw tuber contained 98.16mg/100g cyanide, 44.00mg/100g oxalate 304.20mg/100g phytate and 73.00mg/100g saponin. In general all the processing techniques showed a significant reduction of the phytate, oxalate and saponin content of the cassava. However, only fermentation, sun drying and gasification were able to reduce the cyanide content of bitter cassava below the safe level (10mg/100g) recommended by Standard Organization of Nigeria. Yellow gari(with the addition of palm oil) showed low cyanide content (1.10 mg/100g) than white gari (3.51 mg/100g). Processing methods involving fermentation reduce cyanide and other anti-nutrients in the cassava to levels that are safe for consumption and should be widely practiced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitter%20cassava" title="bitter cassava">bitter cassava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20processing" title=" local processing"> local processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-nutrient." title=" anti-nutrient."> anti-nutrient.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46049/effect-of-local-processing-techniques-on-the-nutrients-and-anti-nutrients-content-of-bitter-cassava-manihot-esculenta-crantz" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4807</span> The Effects of Fertilizer in the Workplace on Male Infertility: About Workers of Unit NPK in Complex Fertial Annaba</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Loukil">B. Loukil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Mallem"> L. Mallem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Boulakoud"> M. S. Boulakoud </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inorganic fertilizers consist mainly of salts of ammonium nitrate, phosphate and potassium, the combination of primary nutrients NPK including secondary and micro nutrients are essential for plant growth, used for intensive agriculture, ranching, and horticultural crops, to increase soil fertility and ensure sustainable crop production. The manufacture of fertilizers is generally at a high temperature and high pressure, in the presence of several highly hazardous chemicals, dust and gases. These products are absorbed high in the airway, increasing the airway resistance thereby adversely affecting the pulmonary functions of workers. A study was conducted on 34 employees, especially exposed to nitrate derivatives. A questionnaire was prepared and distributed to all employees in the unit. The workers were divided into two groups according to age. Several hormonal parameters Assay were measured. The results of the questionnaire have detected a fertility problem, Concerning the hormones a significant reduction in the concentration of testosterone in both groups and LH in the group aged 30 to 40 year were noted compared to the control. However, an increase in the concentration of prolactin in both groups compared to the control. There was a significant decrease in FSH in the group aged 30 to 40 always in compared with the control group. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizers" title="fertilizers">fertilizers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthy%20worker" title=" healthy worker"> healthy worker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility" title=" fertility"> fertility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16066/the-effects-of-fertilizer-in-the-workplace-on-male-infertility-about-workers-of-unit-npk-in-complex-fertial-annaba" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4806</span> Wastewater Treatment Using Microalgae</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chigbo%20Ikechukwu%20Emmanuel">Chigbo Ikechukwu Emmanuel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microalgae can be used for tertiary treatment of wastewater due to their capacity to assimilate nutrients. The pH increase which is mediated by the growing algae also induces phosphorus precipitation and ammonia stripping to the air, and may in addition act disinfecting on the wastewater. Domestic wastewater is ideal for algal growth since it contains high concentrations of all necessary nutrients. The growth limiting factor is rather light, especially at higher latitudes. The most important operational factors for successful wastewater treatment with microalgae are depth, turbulence and hydraulic retention time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microalgae" title="microalgae">microalgae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title=" phosphorus"> phosphorus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen" title=" nitrogen"> nitrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light" title=" light"> light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operation" title=" operation"> operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ponds" title=" ponds"> ponds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15818/wastewater-treatment-using-microalgae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4805</span> Detection of Nutrients Using Honeybee-Mimic Bioelectronic Tongue Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soo%20Ho%20Lim">Soo Ho Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minju%20Lee"> Minju Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20In%20Kim"> Dong In Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gi%20Youn%20Han"> Gi Youn Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seunghun%20Hong"> Seunghun Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung%20Wook%20Kwon"> Hyung Wook Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report a floating electrode-based bioelectronic tongue mimicking honeybee taste systems for the detection and discrimination of various nutrients. Here, carbon nanotube field effect transistors with floating electrodes (CNT-FET) were hybridized with nanovesicles containing honeybee nutrient receptors, gustatory receptors of Apis mellifera. This strategy enables us to detect nutrient substance with a high sensitivity and selectivity. It could also be utilized for the detection of nutrients in liquid food. This floating electrode-based bioelectronic tongue mimicking insect taste systems can be a simple, but highly effective strategy in many different basic research areas about sensory systems. Moreover, our research provides opportunities to develop various applications such as food screening, and it also can provide valuable insights on insect taste systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taste%20system" title="taste system">taste system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNT-FET" title=" CNT-FET"> CNT-FET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insect%20gustatory%20receptor" title=" insect gustatory receptor"> insect gustatory receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biolelectronic%20tongue" title=" biolelectronic tongue"> biolelectronic tongue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84686/detection-of-nutrients-using-honeybee-mimic-bioelectronic-tongue-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4804</span> Effects of Folic Acid, Alone or in Combination with Other Nutrients on Homocysteine Level and Cognitive Function in Older People: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiayan%20Gou">Jiayan Gou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kexin%20He"> Kexin He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Zhang"> Xin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fei%20Wang"> Fei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liuni%20Zou"> Liuni Zou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Homocysteine is a high-risk factor for cognitive decline, and folic acid supplementation can lower homocysteine levels. However, current clinical research results are inconsistent, and the effects of folic acid on homocysteine levels and cognitive function in older people are inconsistent. Objective: The objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the effects of folic acid alone or in combination with other nutrients on homocysteine levels and cognitive function in older adults. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in five databases, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL, from inception to June 1, 2023. Randomized controlled trials were included investigating the effects of folic acid alone or in combination with other nutrients on cognitive function in older people. Results: 17 articles were included, with six focusing on the effects of folic acid alone and 11 examining folic acid in combination with other nutrients. The study included 3,100 individuals aged 60 to 83.2 years, with a relatively equal gender distribution (approximately 51.82% male). Conclusion: Folic acid alone or combined with other nutrients can effectively lower homocysteine level and improve cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment. But for patients with Alzheimer's disease and dementia, the intervention only can reduce the homocysteine level, but the improvement in cognitive function is not significant. In healthy older people, high baseline homocysteine levels (>11.3 μmol/L) and good ω-3 fatty acid status (>590 μmol/L) can enhance the improvement effect of folic acid on cognitive function. This trial has been registered on PROSPERO as CRD42023433096. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B-complex%20vitamins" title="B-complex vitamins">B-complex vitamins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20function" title=" cognitive function"> cognitive function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folic%20acid" title=" folic acid"> folic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homocysteine" title=" homocysteine"> homocysteine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180943/effects-of-folic-acid-alone-or-in-combination-with-other-nutrients-on-homocysteine-level-and-cognitive-function-in-older-people-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4803</span> Nutrients Removal Control via an Intermittently Aerated Membrane Bioreactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junior%20B.%20N.%20Adohinzin">Junior B. N. Adohinzin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ling%20Xu"> Ling Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nitrogen is among the main nutrients encouraging the growth of organic matter and algae which cause eutrophication in water bodies. Therefore, its removal from wastewater has become a worldwide emerging concern. In this research, an innovative Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) system named “moving bed membrane bioreactor (MBMBR)” was developed and investigated under intermittently-aerated mode for simultaneous removal of organic carbon and nitrogen. Results indicated that the variation of the intermittently aerated duration did not have an apparent impact on COD and NH4+–N removal rate, yielding the effluent with average COD and NH4+–N removal efficiency of more than 92 and 91% respectively. However, in the intermittently aerated cycle of (continuously aeration/0s mix), (aeration 90s/mix 90s) and (aeration 90s/mix 180s); the average TN removal efficiency was 67.6%, 69.5% and 87.8% respectively. At the same time, their nitrite accumulation rate was 4.5%, 49.1% and 79.4% respectively. These results indicate that the intermittently aerated mode is an efficient way to controlling the nitrification to stop at nitrition; and also the length of anoxic duration is a key factor in improving TN removal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20bioreactor%20%28MBR%29" title="membrane bioreactor (MBR)">membrane bioreactor (MBR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moving%20bed%20biofilm%20reactor%20%28MBBR%29" title=" moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)"> moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients%20removal" title=" nutrients removal"> nutrients removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simultaneous%20nitrification%20and%20denitrification" title=" simultaneous nitrification and denitrification"> simultaneous nitrification and denitrification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10455/nutrients-removal-control-via-an-intermittently-aerated-membrane-bioreactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4802</span> Application of Recycled Paper Mill Sludge on the Growth of Khaya Senegalensis and Its Effect on Soil Properties, Nutrients and Heavy Metals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rosazlin%20Abdullah">A. Rosazlin Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Che%20Fauziah"> I. Che Fauziah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Wan%20Rasidah"> K. Wan Rasidah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Rosenani"> A. B. Rosenani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper industry performs an essential role in the global economy of the world. A study was conducted on the paper mill sludge that is applied on the Khaya senegalensis for 1 year planning period at University Agriculture Park, Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia to determine the growth of Khaya senegalensis, soil properties, nutrients concentrations and effects on the status of heavy metals. Paper Mill Sludge (PMS) and composted Recycled Paper Mill Sludge (RPMS) were used with different rates of nitrogen (0, 150, 300 and 600 kg ha-1) at the ratio of 1:1 (Recycled Paper Mill Sludge (RPMS) : Empty Fruit Brunch (EFB). The growth parameters were measured twice a month for 1 year. Plant nutrients and heavy metal uptake were determined. The paper mill sludge has the potential to be a supplementary N fertilizer as well as a soil amendment. The application of RPMS with N, significantly contributed to the improvement in plant growth parameters such as plant height (4.24 m), basal diameter (10.30 cm), total plant biomass and improved soil physical and chemical properties. The pH, EC, available P and total C in soil were varied among the treatments during the planting period. The treatments with raw and RPM compost had higher pH values than those applied with inorganic fertilizer and control. Nevertheless, there was no salinity problem recorded during the planting period and available P in soil treated with raw and RPMS compost was higher than the control plots that reflects the mineralization of organic P from the decomposition of pulp sludge. The weight of the free and occluded light fractions of carbon concentration was significantly higher in the soils treated with raw and RPMS compost. The application of raw and composted RPMS gave significantly higher concentration of the heavy metals, but the total concentrations of heavy metals in the soils were below the critical values. Hence, the paper mill sludge can be successfully used as soil amendment in acidic soil without any serious threat. The use of paper mill sludge for the soil fertility, shows improvement in land application signifies a unique opportunity to recycle sludge back to the land to alleviate the potential waste management problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title="growth">growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients%20uptake" title=" nutrients uptake"> nutrients uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production" title=" production"> production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26275/application-of-recycled-paper-mill-sludge-on-the-growth-of-khaya-senegalensis-and-its-effect-on-soil-properties-nutrients-and-heavy-metals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20nutrients&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20nutrients&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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