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class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Births</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1650</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox 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Available in 155 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-155" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">155 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1650 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1650 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1650 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1650 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B5%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۵۰ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۶۵۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%A6" title="১৬৫০ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৬৫০" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_n%C3%AE" title="1650 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1650 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650." title="1650. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1650." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B5%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۶۵۰ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۶۵۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650%E5%B9%B4" title="1650年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1650年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650-ngi%C3%A8n" title="1650-ngièn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="1650-ngièn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650%EB%85%84" title="1650년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1650년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%A6" title="१६५० – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१६५०" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650." title="1650. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1650." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%A6" title="মারি ১৬৫০ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৬৫০" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1650-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1650-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AC%E0%B3%AB%E0%B3%A6" title="೧೬೫೦ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೬೫೦" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1650 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1650 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1650 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1650 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1650 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1650 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_%D0%B8" title="1650 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1650 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650._gads" title="1650. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1650. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1650 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1650 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_m." title="1650 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1650 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%A6" title="१६५० – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१६५०" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%A6" title="इ.स. १६५० – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १६५०" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B6%DB%B5%DB%B0" title="۱۶۵۰ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۶۵۰" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1650 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1650 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%86%E1%81%85%E1%81%80" title="၁၆၅၀ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၆၅၀" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%A6" title="सन् १६५० – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १६५०" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650%E5%B9%B4" title="1650年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1650年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1650 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1650 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AC%E0%AD%AB%E0%AD%A6" title="୧୬୫୦ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୬୫୦" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%A6" title="१६५० – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१६५०" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1650 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1650 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%A6" title="१६५० – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१६५०" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650%D8%B9" title="1650ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1650ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A6%D9%A5%D9%A0" title="١٦٥٠ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٦٥٠" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1650 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1650 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2193" title="พ.ศ. 2193 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2193" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1650" title="Соли 1650 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1650" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650%D8%A1" title="1650ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1650ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650%E5%B9%B4" title="1650年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1650年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650%E5%B9%B4" title="1650年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1650年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650%E5%B9%B4" title="1650年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1650年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1650" title="1650 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1650" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Millennium</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Centuries</a>: </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_century" title="18th century">18th century</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Decades</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1630s" title="1630s">1630s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1640s" title="1640s">1640s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1650s" title="1650s">1650s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1660s" title="1660s">1660s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1670s" title="1670s">1670s</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1647" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1647">1647</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1648" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1648">1648</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1649" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1649">1649</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1650" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1650">1650</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1651" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1651">1651</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1652" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1652">1652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1653" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1653">1653</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cromwell_at_Dunbar_Andrew_Carrick_Gow_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Cromwell_at_Dunbar_Andrew_Carrick_Gow_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-Cromwell_at_Dunbar_Andrew_Carrick_Gow_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Cromwell_at_Dunbar_Andrew_Carrick_Gow_%28cropped%29.jpg/450px-Cromwell_at_Dunbar_Andrew_Carrick_Gow_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Cromwell_at_Dunbar_Andrew_Carrick_Gow_%28cropped%29.jpg/600px-Cromwell_at_Dunbar_Andrew_Carrick_Gow_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1509" data-file-height="1202" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">September 3</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Cromwell_at_Dunbar" title="Cromwell at Dunbar">Cromwell at Dunbar</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Carrick_Gow" title="Andrew Carrick Gow">Andrew Carrick Gow</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>'s forces defeat the Scottish Army at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dunbar_(1650)" title="Battle of Dunbar (1650)">Battle of Dunbar</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1650" title="Category:1650">1650 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Arts and science</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1650s_in_architecture" title="1650s in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1650_in_art" title="1650 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1650_in_literature" title="1650 in literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1650_in_music" title="1650 in music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1650_in_science" title="1650 in science">Science</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1650" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1650">State leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_17th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 17th century">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_17th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 17th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1650_births" title="Category:1650 births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1650_deaths" title="Category:1650 deaths">Deaths</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1650_establishments" title="Category:1650 establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1650_disestablishments" title="Category:1650 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1650_works" title="Category:1650 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1650 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1650<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCL</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2403</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1099<br />ԹՎ ՌՂԹ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6400</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1571–1572</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1057</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2600</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English Regnal year</a></td><td>1 <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Cha. 2</a> – 2 <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Cha. 2</a><br /><i>(<a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(England)" title="Interregnum (England)">Interregnum</a>)</i></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2194</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1012</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7158–7159</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">己丑</a>年 (Earth <a href="/wiki/Ox_(zodiac)" title="Ox (zodiac)">Ox</a>)<br />4347 or 4140<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />庚寅年 (Metal <a href="/wiki/Tiger_(zodiac)" title="Tiger (zodiac)">Tiger</a>)<br />4348 or 4141</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1366–1367</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2816</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1642–1643</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5410–5411</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1706–1707</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1571–1572</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4750–4751</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11650</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>650–651</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1028–1029</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1059–1061</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Keian" title="Keian">Keian</a> 3<br />(慶安３年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1571–1572</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 10 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>3983</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>262 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前262年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>182</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2192–2193</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴土牛年<br />(female Earth-<a href="/wiki/Ox_(zodiac)" title="Ox (zodiac)">Ox</a>)<br />1776 or 1395 or 623<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阳金虎年<br />(male Iron-<a href="/wiki/Tiger_(zodiac)" title="Tiger (zodiac)">Tiger</a>)<br />1777 or 1396 or 624</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>1650</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCL</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Saturday" title="Common year starting on Saturday">common year starting on Saturday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Tuesday" title="Common year starting on Tuesday">common year starting on Tuesday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1650th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 650th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 50th year of the <a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a>, and the 1st year of the <a href="/wiki/1650s" title="1650s">1650s</a> decade. As of the start of 1650, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1650&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1650&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_7" title="January 7">January 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_I,_Prince_of_Anhalt-K%C3%B6then" title="Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen">Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen</a>, dies after a reign of more than 63 years. The area is now part of the northeastern German state of <a href="/wiki/Saxony-Anhalt" title="Saxony-Anhalt">Saxony-Anhalt</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_18" title="January 18">January 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Mazarin" title="Cardinal Mazarin">Cardinal Jules Mazarin</a>, the Chief Minister of France and head of its government since 1642, learns of a plot against him and has the <a href="/wiki/Louis_II_de_Bourbon,_Prince_de_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé">Prince de Condé</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Armand_de_Bourbon,_prince_de_Conti" class="mw-redirect" title="Armand de Bourbon, prince de Conti">Prince de Conti</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Henri_II_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans,_Duke_of_Longueville" title="Henri II d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville">Duc de Longueville</a> arrested, prompting <a href="/wiki/The_Fronde" title="The Fronde">a rebellion by parliament against the Crown</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_28" title="January 28">January 28</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Sultan_bin_Saif" title="Sultan bin Saif">Sultan bin Saif</a> of Oman expels the Portuguese colonial government from <a href="/wiki/Muscat,_Oman" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscat, Oman">Muscat</a>, forcing the surrender of the port of <a href="/wiki/Muttrah" title="Muttrah">Muttrah</a> and of Fort Capitan, and captures two warships, ending 35 years of Portuguese occupation.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">February 1</a> – The French verse play <i><a href="/wiki/Androm%C3%A8de" title="Andromède">Andromède</a></i>, commissioned by Cardinal Mazarin, written by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Corneille" title="Pierre Corneille">Pierre Corneille</a> and with elaborate sets designed by <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Torelli" title="Giacomo Torelli">Giacomo Torelli</a>, premieres before the royal family at the <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Royal_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Théâtre Royal de Bourbon">Théâtre Royal de Bourbon</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_13" title="February 13">February 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>'s troops sweep through Ireland and bombard the <a href="/wiki/Kiltinan_Castle" title="Kiltinan Castle">Kiltinan Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/County_Tipperary" title="County Tipperary">County Tipperary</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">February 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacob_van_Kittensteyn" title="Jacob van Kittensteyn">Jacob van Kittensteyn</a> succeeds <a href="/wiki/Joan_Maetsuycker" title="Joan Maetsuycker">Joan Maetsuycker</a> as the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Zeylan" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Zeylan">Governor of Zeylan</a> (now the nation of <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_10" title="March 10">March 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Rodrigues_de_Vasconcelos_e_Sousa,_2nd_Count_of_Castelo_Melhor" title="João Rodrigues de Vasconcelos e Sousa, 2nd Count of Castelo Melhor">João Rodrigues de Vasconcelos</a>, Portuguese Count of Castelo Melhor, becomes the new Governor of Brazil.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_28" title="March 28">March 28</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kilkenny" title="Siege of Kilkenny">Siege of Kilkenny</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Cromwellian conquest of Ireland">Ireland by Oliver Cromwell</a> ends in after six days as royalist <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Butler,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Walter Butler, 1st Baronet">Sir Walter Butler</a> turns over control of the city to the Commonwealth of England forces.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1650&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Carbisdale" title="Battle of Carbisdale">Battle of Carbisdale</a> begins when a <a href="/wiki/Cavalier" title="Cavalier">Royalist</a> army invades mainland Scotland from the <a href="/wiki/Orkney_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Orkney Islands">Orkney Islands</a>. The Royalists are defeated by a <a href="/wiki/Covenanter" class="mw-redirect" title="Covenanter">Covenanter</a> army.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_17" title="May 17">May 17</a> – A quarter of the <a href="/wiki/New_Model_Army" title="New Model Army">New Model Army</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Clonmel" title="Siege of Clonmel">Siege of Clonmel</a> in Ireland is trapped and killed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_9" title="June 9">June 9</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard Corporation">Harvard Corporation</a>, the more powerful of the two administrative boards of <a href="/wiki/Harvard" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard">Harvard</a>, is established (the first legal <a href="/wiki/Corporation" title="Corporation">corporation</a> in the Americas).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_23" title="June 23">June 23</a> – Claimant King <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II of England</a>, Scotland and Ireland arrives in Scotland (at <a href="/wiki/Garmouth,_Moray" class="mw-redirect" title="Garmouth, Moray">Garmouth</a>), the only one of the three <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">kingdoms</a> that has accepted him as ruler.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1650&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_13" title="July 13">July 13</a> – Italian priest and astronomer <a href="/wiki/Gerolamo_Sersale" title="Gerolamo Sersale">Gerolamo Sersale</a> of Naples takes advantage of a full moon and draws an extremely detailed lunar map, which is then engraved and reproduced for other astronomers.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_22" title="July 22">July 22</a> – Having completed his invasion of Ireland, England's General <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> begins the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Scottish_war_(1650%E2%80%931652)" title="Anglo-Scottish war (1650–1652)">war against the Kingdom of Scotland</a>, crossing from <a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a> at <a href="/wiki/Berwick-upon-Tweed" title="Berwick-upon-Tweed">Berwick-upon-Tweed</a> into <a href="/wiki/Berwickshire" title="Berwickshire">Berwickshire</a>, and leads troops toward <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_29" title="July 29">July 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_II,_Prince_of_Orange" title="William II, Prince of Orange">William II, Prince of Orange</a>, stadtholder of Holland, attempts to conquer the rest of the Netherlands and attempts a <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Amsterdam_(1650)" title="Attack on Amsterdam (1650)">coup d'état against the Dutch Republic</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_13" title="August 13">August 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Monck" class="mw-redirect" title="George Monck">George Monck</a> forms <i>Monck's Regiment of Foot</i>, forerunner of the <a href="/wiki/Coldstream_Guards" title="Coldstream Guards">Coldstream Guards</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">September 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Third_English_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Third English Civil War">Third English Civil War</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dunbar_(1650)" title="Battle of Dunbar (1650)">Battle of Dunbar (1650)</a> – <a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarian</a> forces under <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> defeat a Scottish army, commanded by <a href="/wiki/David_Leslie,_1st_Lord_Newark" title="David Leslie, 1st Lord Newark">David Leslie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_19" title="September 19">September 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hartford_(1650)" title="Treaty of Hartford (1650)">Treaty of Hartford</a>: the <a href="/wiki/English_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="English Commonwealth">English Commonwealth</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Colony" title="Connecticut Colony">Connecticut Colony</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch Republic</a>'s colony of <a href="/wiki/New_Netherland" title="New Netherland">New Netherland</a> establish their frontiers in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassell's_Chronology_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassell's_Chronology-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_27" title="September 27">September 27</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Kolumbo" title="Kolumbo">Kolumbo</a> volcano on <a href="/wiki/Santorini" title="Santorini">Santorini</a> experiences a massive eruption (VEI 6).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_29" title="September 29">September 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Robinson_(writer)" title="Henry Robinson (writer)">Henry Robinson</a> opens his <i>Office of Addresses and Encounters</i>, a form of employment exchange, in <a href="/wiki/Threadneedle_Street" title="Threadneedle Street">Threadneedle Street</a>, London.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1650&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_17" title="October 17">October 17</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Western_Remonstrance" title="Western Remonstrance">Western Remonstrance</a> is signed by members of the Parliament of Scotland who condemn the recognition of Charles II being crowned King of Scotland, and pledging allegiance to England's General Oliver Cromwell.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_20" title="October 20">October 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christina,_Queen_of_Sweden" title="Christina, Queen of Sweden">Queen Christina of Sweden</a>, who has been the legal ruler of Sweden for almost 18 years, has an elaborate <a href="/wiki/Coronation" title="Coronation">coronation</a> ceremony at the <a href="/wiki/Ulriksdal_Palace" title="Ulriksdal Palace">castle of Jacobsdal</a> near <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>. The coronation had originally been planned for her 18th birthday in 1644 but was delayed by a war with Denmark-Norway.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">October 30</a> – The Commonwealth of England government passes <a href="/wiki/An_Act_for_prohibiting_Trade_with_the_Barbadoes,_Virginia,_Bermuda_and_Antego" title="An Act for prohibiting Trade with the Barbadoes, Virginia, Bermuda and Antego">a law prohibiting trade between English merchants and English colonies that had sided with Charles II</a> over Oliver Cromwell. Specifically labeled as <a href="/wiki/English_overseas_possessions_in_the_Wars_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="English overseas possessions in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms">rebel colonies</a> for purposes of the ban are the North American colonies of <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Virginia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">the Somers Isles (alias Bermuda)</a>, as well as the Caribbean islands of <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antigua" title="Antigua">Antigua</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William III of Orange</a> becomes Prince of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Orange" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Orange">House of Orange</a> at the moment of his birth, succeeding his father, who had died a few days earlier. He does not become <a href="/wiki/Stadtholder" title="Stadtholder">stadtholder</a>, so the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">United Provinces</a> becomes a true <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_14" title="December 14">December 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anne_Greene" title="Anne Greene">Anne Greene</a> is hanged at <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Castle" title="Oxford Castle">Oxford Castle</a> in England for <a href="/wiki/Infanticide" title="Infanticide">infanticide</a>, having concealed an illegitimate stillbirth. The following day she revives in the dissection room and, being pardoned, lives until 1659.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DNB_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_25" title="December 25">December 25</a> – Thomas Cooper, former Usher of <a href="/wiki/Gresham%27s_School" title="Gresham's School">Gresham's School</a>, England, is hanged as a Royalist rebel.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1650&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The first modern <a href="/wiki/Palio_di_Siena" title="Palio di Siena">Palio di Siena</a> horserace is held in Italy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a> chop down the original <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Thorn" title="Glastonbury Thorn">Glastonbury Thorn</a> in England.</li> <li>English highwayman and <a href="/wiki/Captain_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)">Captain</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Hind" title="James Hind">James Hind</a> campaigns for the Royalist cause (according to his own account).</li> <li>Jews are allowed to return to France.</li> <li>Three-wheeled <a href="/wiki/Wheelchair" title="Wheelchair">wheelchairs</a> are invented in <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a> by watchmaker <a href="/wiki/Stephan_Farffler" title="Stephan Farffler">Stephan Farffler</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Empire" title="Ethiopian Empire">Ethiopia</a> deports Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Diplomat" title="Diplomat">diplomats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">missionaries</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Einkommende_Zeitungen" title="Einkommende Zeitungen">Einkommende Zeitungen</a></i> becomes the first German daily newspaper (ceases <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>).</li> <li>The town of <a href="/wiki/Sharon,_Massachusetts" title="Sharon, Massachusetts">Sharon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts</a> is founded.</li> <li>Estimation – <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Beijing.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (June 2020)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1650&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Churchill_Marlborough_portr%C3%A4tterad_av_Adriaen_van_der_Werff_(1659-1722).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/John_Churchill_Marlborough_portr%C3%A4tterad_av_Adriaen_van_der_Werff_%281659-1722%29.jpg/170px-John_Churchill_Marlborough_portr%C3%A4tterad_av_Adriaen_van_der_Werff_%281659-1722%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/John_Churchill_Marlborough_portr%C3%A4tterad_av_Adriaen_van_der_Werff_%281659-1722%29.jpg/255px-John_Churchill_Marlborough_portr%C3%A4tterad_av_Adriaen_van_der_Werff_%281659-1722%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/John_Churchill_Marlborough_portr%C3%A4tterad_av_Adriaen_van_der_Werff_%281659-1722%29.jpg/340px-John_Churchill_Marlborough_portr%C3%A4tterad_av_Adriaen_van_der_Werff_%281659-1722%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="392" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough" title="John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough">John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_William_III_of_England,_(1650-1702).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/King_William_III_of_England%2C_%281650-1702%29.jpg/170px-King_William_III_of_England%2C_%281650-1702%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/King_William_III_of_England%2C_%281650-1702%29.jpg/255px-King_William_III_of_England%2C_%281650-1702%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/King_William_III_of_England%2C_%281650-1702%29.jpg/340px-King_William_III_of_England%2C_%281650-1702%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1229" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William III of England</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Rooke" title="George Rooke">George Rooke</a>, Royal Navy admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1709" title="1709">1709</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_10" title="January 10">January 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Countess_Sophie_Amalie_of_Nassau-Siegen" class="mw-redirect" title="Countess Sophie Amalie of Nassau-Siegen">Countess Sophie Amalie of Nassau-Siegen</a>, Duchess consort of Courland (1682-1688) (d. <a href="/wiki/1688" title="1688">1688</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nell_Gwyn" title="Nell Gwyn">Nell Gwyn</a>, English actress and royal mistress (d. <a href="/wiki/1687" title="1687">1687</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_5" title="February 5">February 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anne-Jules,_2nd_duc_de_Noailles" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne-Jules, 2nd duc de Noailles">Anne-Jules, 2nd duc de Noailles</a>, French general (d. <a href="/wiki/1708" title="1708">1708</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">February 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Mar%C3%ADn_de_Poveda,_1st_Marquis_of_Ca%C3%B1ada_Hermosa" title="Tomás Marín de Poveda, 1st Marquis of Cañada Hermosa">Tomás Marín de Poveda, 1st Marquis of Cañada Hermosa</a>, Royal Governor of Chile (d. <a href="/wiki/1703" title="1703">1703</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_27" title="February 27">February 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jan_Verkolje" title="Jan Verkolje">Jan Verkolje</a>, Dutch painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1693" title="1693">1693</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_6" title="March 6">March 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Conyers_(MP_born_1650)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Conyers (MP born 1650)">John Conyers (MP born 1650)</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1725" title="1725">1725</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_24" title="March 24">March 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_Jonathan_Trelawny,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir Jonathan Trelawny, 3rd Baronet">Sir Jonathan Trelawny, 3rd Baronet</a>, British bishop (d. <a href="/wiki/1721" title="1721">1721</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_25" title="March 25">March 25</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Richard_Cox,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Richard Cox, 1st Baronet">Sir Richard Cox, 1st Baronet</a>, England (d. <a href="/wiki/1733" title="1733">1733</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest,_Count_of_Stolberg-Ilsenburg" title="Ernest, Count of Stolberg-Ilsenburg">Ernest, Count of Stolberg-Ilsenburg</a>, German nobleman (d. <a href="/wiki/1710" title="1710">1710</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">April 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sebastiano_Antonio_Tanara" title="Sebastiano Antonio Tanara">Sebastiano Antonio Tanara</a>, Spanish Catholic cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1724" title="1724">1724</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_15" title="April 15">April 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hedwig_of_the_Palatinate-Sulzbach" class="mw-redirect" title="Hedwig of the Palatinate-Sulzbach">Hedwig of the Palatinate-Sulzbach</a>, Archduchess of Austria, Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg (d. <a href="/wiki/1681" title="1681">1681</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_18" title="April 18">April 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_Edward_Dering,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir Edward Dering, 3rd Baronet">Sir Edward Dering, 3rd Baronet</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1689" title="1689">1689</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_20" title="April 20">April 20</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Felice_Boselli" title="Felice Boselli">Felice Boselli</a>, Italian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1732" title="1732">1732</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bedloe" title="William Bedloe">William Bedloe</a>, English fraudster and informer (d. <a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Amalie_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel">Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel</a>, Queen Consort of Denmark (1670-1699) (d. <a href="/wiki/1714" title="1714">1714</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_19" title="May 19">May 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_HrR_Ridder_de_Graeff" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornelis HrR Ridder de Graeff">Cornelis HrR Ridder de Graeff</a>, Dutch nobleman and chief landholder of the Zijpe and Haze Polder (d. <a href="/wiki/1678" title="1678">1678</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_26" title="May 26">May 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough" title="John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough">John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough</a>, English general (d. <a href="/wiki/1722" title="1722">1722</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_5" title="June 5">June 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ogasawara_Nagashige" title="Ogasawara Nagashige">Ogasawara Nagashige</a>, Japanese daimyō (d. <a href="/wiki/1732" title="1732">1732</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_14" title="June 14">June 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Alessandro_Guidi" title="Carlo Alessandro Guidi">Carlo Alessandro Guidi</a>, Italian lyric poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1712" title="1712">1712</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_25" title="June 25">June 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Sherman_(Massachusetts_Bay_Colony)" title="Joseph Sherman (Massachusetts Bay Colony)">Joseph Sherman (Massachusetts Bay Colony)</a>, American politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1731" title="1731">1731</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1" title="July 1">July 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maria_Anna_Vasa" title="Maria Anna Vasa">Maria Anna Vasa</a>, Polish princess (d. <a href="/wiki/1651" title="1651">1651</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_6" title="July 6">July 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Casimir_Kettler" title="Frederick Casimir Kettler">Frederick Casimir Kettler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Courland_and_Semigallia" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Courland and Semigallia">Duke of Courland and Semigallia</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1698" title="1698">1698</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">July 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Burkitt" title="William Burkitt">William Burkitt</a>, English biblical expositor, vicar in Dedham (d. <a href="/wiki/1703" title="1703">1703</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_30" title="July 30">July 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lewis_(Devizes_MP)" title="Edward Lewis (Devizes MP)">Edward Lewis (Devizes MP)</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1674" title="1674">1674</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_7" title="August 7">August 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_Joseph,_Duke_of_Guise" title="Louis Joseph, Duke of Guise">Louis Joseph, Duke of Guise</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1671" title="1671">1671</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">August 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Coronelli" title="Vincenzo Coronelli">Vincenzo Coronelli</a>, Franciscan friar, Italian cartographer, encyclopedist (d. <a href="/wiki/1718" title="1718">1718</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_17" title="August 17">August 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean_Gaston,_Duke_of_Valois" title="Jean Gaston, Duke of Valois">Jean Gaston, Duke of Valois</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1652" title="1652">1652</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_27" title="August 27">August 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carl_Philipp,_Reichsgraf_von_Wylich_und_Lottum" title="Carl Philipp, Reichsgraf von Wylich und Lottum">Carl Philipp, Reichsgraf von Wylich und Lottum</a>, Prussian field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1719" title="1719">1719</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Sabbatini" title="Ludovico Sabbatini">Ludovico Sabbatini</a>, Italian priest (d. <a href="/wiki/1724" title="1724">1724</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">September 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Mar%C3%ADa_de_la_Aurora,_8th_duke_of_Escalona" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Manuel María de la Aurora, 8th duke of Escalona">Juan Manuel María de la Aurora, 8th duke of Escalona</a>, Spanish aristocrat (d. <a href="/wiki/1725" title="1725">1725</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">September 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Beverland" title="Adrian Beverland">Adrian Beverland</a>, Dutch philosopher and jurist who settled in England (d. <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">September 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Collier" title="Jeremy Collier">Jeremy Collier</a>, English theatre critic, non-juror bishop and theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1726" title="1726">1726</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_9" title="October 9">October 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Auguste_Constantin_de_Renneville" title="René Auguste Constantin de Renneville">René Auguste Constantin de Renneville</a>, French writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1723" title="1723">1723</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_10" title="October 10">October 10</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Rolfe" title="Jane Rolfe">Jane Rolfe</a>, granddaughter of Pocahontas (d. <a href="/wiki/1676" title="1676">1676</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulisse_Giuseppe_Gozzadini" title="Ulisse Giuseppe Gozzadini">Ulisse Giuseppe Gozzadini</a>, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1728" title="1728">1728</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_19" title="October 19">October 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Erskine,_Earl_of_Mar" title="Charles Erskine, Earl of Mar">Charles Erskine, Earl of Mar</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1689" title="1689">1689</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_20" title="October 20">October 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Shirley,_1st_Earl_Ferrers" title="Robert Shirley, 1st Earl Ferrers">Robert Shirley, 1st Earl Ferrers</a>, English peer and courtier (d. <a href="/wiki/1717" title="1717">1717</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">October 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean_Bart" title="Jean Bart">Jean Bart</a>, French admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1702" title="1702">1702</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_24" title="October 24">October 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Steven_Blankaart" title="Steven Blankaart">Steven Blankaart</a>, Dutch entomologist (d. <a href="/wiki/1704" title="1704">1704</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – King <a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William III of England</a>, Scotland, and Ireland (d. <a href="/wiki/1702" title="1702">1702</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_7" title="November 7">November 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Robinson_(bishop_of_London)" title="John Robinson (bishop of London)">John Robinson</a>, English diplomat (d. <a href="/wiki/1723" title="1723">1723</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_17" title="November 17">November 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joanna_Koerten" title="Joanna Koerten">Joanna Koerten</a>, Dutch painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1715" title="1715">1715</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_18" title="November 18">November 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Walpole_(1650%E2%80%931700)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Walpole (1650–1700)">Robert Walpole (1650–1700)</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_19" title="November 19">November 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry,_Duke_of_Saxe-R%C3%B6mhild" title="Henry, Duke of Saxe-Römhild">Henry, Duke of Saxe-Römhild</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1710" title="1710">1710</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">November 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Oriol" title="Joseph Oriol">Joseph Oriol</a>, Spanish Catholic priest, saint (d. <a href="/wiki/1702" title="1702">1702</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_28" title="November 28">November 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jan_Palfijn" title="Jan Palfijn">Jan Palfijn</a>, Flemish surgeon and obstetrician (d. <a href="/wiki/1730" title="1730">1730</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_30" title="November 30">November 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Martinelli" title="Domenico Martinelli">Domenico Martinelli</a>, Italian architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1718" title="1718">1718</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_3" title="December 3">December 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/August_of_Saxe-Weissenfels_(1650%E2%80%931674)" title="August of Saxe-Weissenfels (1650–1674)">August of Saxe-Weissenfels (1650–1674)</a>, Prince of Saxe-Weissenfels and provost of Magdeburg (d. <a href="/wiki/1674" title="1674">1674</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Friedrich_Mayer_(theologian)" title="Johann Friedrich Mayer (theologian)">Johann Friedrich Mayer (theologian)</a>, German Lutheran theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1712" title="1712">1712</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Theophilus_Hastings,_7th_Earl_of_Huntingdon" title="Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon">Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1701" title="1701">1701</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_16" title="December 16">December 16</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hermann,_Count_of_Wartensleben" title="Alexander Hermann, Count of Wartensleben">Alexander Hermann, Count of Wartensleben</a>, Prussian field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1734" title="1734">1734</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Robert_Marsham,_4th_Baronet" title="Sir Robert Marsham, 4th Baronet">Sir Robert Marsham, 4th Baronet</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1703" title="1703">1703</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_17" title="December 17">December 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christoph_Arnold" title="Christoph Arnold">Christoph Arnold</a>, German astronomer (d. <a href="/wiki/1695" title="1695">1695</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_25" title="December 25">December 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_Aveneau" title="Claude Aveneau">Claude Aveneau</a>, French missionary (d. <a href="/wiki/1711" title="1711">1711</a>)</li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Savery" title="Thomas Savery">Thomas Savery</a>, English engineer and inventor (d. <a href="/wiki/1715" title="1715">1715</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Anton%C3%ADn_Losy" title="Jan Antonín Losy">Jan Antonín Losy</a>, Czech lutist (d. <a href="/wiki/1721" title="1721">1721</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1650&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg/110px-Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg/165px-Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg/220px-Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="817" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dorgon,_the_Prince_Rui_(17th_century).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Dorgon%2C_the_Prince_Rui_%2817th_century%29.jpg/110px-Dorgon%2C_the_Prince_Rui_%2817th_century%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Dorgon%2C_the_Prince_Rui_%2817th_century%29.jpg/165px-Dorgon%2C_the_Prince_Rui_%2817th_century%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Dorgon%2C_the_Prince_Rui_%2817th_century%29.jpg/220px-Dorgon%2C_the_Prince_Rui_%2817th_century%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="958" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dorgon" title="Dorgon">Prince Dorgon</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_7" title="January 7">January 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_I,_Prince_of_Anhalt-K%C3%B6then" title="Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen">Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen</a>, German prince (b. <a href="/wiki/1579" title="1579">1579</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_18" title="January 18">January 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Rosselli" title="Matteo Rosselli">Matteo Rosselli</a>, Italian painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1578" title="1578">1578</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">January 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philip_Herbert,_4th_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke">Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1584" title="1584">1584</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_11" title="February 11">February 11</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a>, French philosopher (b. <a href="/wiki/1596" title="1596">1596</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriaen_van_Gaesbeeck" title="Adriaen van Gaesbeeck">Adriaen van Gaesbeeck</a>, Dutch painter of genre subjects and portraits (b. <a href="/wiki/1621" title="1621">1621</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">February 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_Favre_de_Vaugelas" title="Claude Favre de Vaugelas">Claude Favre de Vaugelas</a>, Savoyard grammarian and man of letters (b. <a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_8" title="March 8">March 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Tornielli" title="Antonio Tornielli">Antonio Tornielli</a>, Italian Catholic prelate (b. <a href="/wiki/1579" title="1579">1579</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_11" title="March 11">March 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Henderson,_5th_of_Fordell" title="John Henderson, 5th of Fordell">John Henderson, 5th of Fordell</a>, Scottish noble (b. <a href="/wiki/1605" title="1605">1605</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_16" title="March 16">March 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sophie_Elisabeth_of_Brandenburg" title="Sophie Elisabeth of Brandenburg">Sophie Elisabeth of Brandenburg</a>, Duchess consort of Saxe-Altenburg (b. <a href="/wiki/1616" title="1616">1616</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_25" title="March 25">March 25</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel,_Duchess_of_Saxe-Altenburg" title="Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg">Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1593" title="1593">1593</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(archbishop_of_York)" title="John Williams (archbishop of York)">John Williams</a>, Welsh clergyman and political advisor to King James I (b. <a href="/wiki/1582" title="1582">1582</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_3" title="April 3">April 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_Gueintz" title="Christian Gueintz">Christian Gueintz</a>, German teacher and writer-grammarian (b. <a href="/wiki/1592" title="1592">1592</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_18" title="April 18">April 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Simonds_d%27Ewes" title="Simonds d'Ewes">Simonds d'Ewes</a>, English antiquarian and politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1602" title="1602">1602</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_21" title="April 21">April 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Yagy%C5%AB_J%C5%ABbei_Mitsuyoshi" title="Yagyū Jūbei Mitsuyoshi">Yagyū Jūbei Mitsuyoshi</a>, Japanese samurai (b. <a href="/wiki/1607" title="1607">1607</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_22" title="April 22">April 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Stephanius" title="Stephanius">Stephanius</a>, Danish historian (b. <a href="/wiki/1599" title="1599">1599</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_7" title="May 7">May 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kan%C5%8D_Naonobu" title="Kanō Naonobu">Kanō Naonobu</a>, Japanese painter of the Kanō school of painting (b. <a href="/wiki/1607" title="1607">1607</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_21" title="May 21">May 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Graham,_1st_Marquess_of_Montrose" title="James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose">James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose</a>, Scottish royalist (b. <a href="/wiki/1612" title="1612">1612</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_20" title="May 20">May 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Sacrati" title="Francesco Sacrati">Francesco Sacrati</a>, Italian composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1605" title="1605">1605</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michel_Particelli_d%27Emery" title="Michel Particelli d'Emery">Michel Particelli d'Emery</a>, French politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1596" title="1596">1596</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_28" title="May 28">May 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Agnes_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Agnes of Hesse-Kassel">Agnes of Hesse-Kassel</a>, Princess consort of Anhalt-Dessau (b. <a href="/wiki/1606" title="1606">1606</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_8" title="June 8">June 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_von_und_zu_Trauttmansdorff" title="Maximilian von und zu Trauttmansdorff">Maximilian von und zu Trauttmansdorff</a>, Austrian diplomat (b. <a href="/wiki/1584" title="1584">1584</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_18" title="June 18">June 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christoph_Scheiner" title="Christoph Scheiner">Christoph Scheiner</a>, German astronomer (b. <a href="/wiki/1573" title="1573">1573</a> or <a href="/wiki/1575" title="1575">1575</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_19" title="June 19">June 19</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matth%C3%A4us_Merian" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthäus Merian">Matthäus Merian</a>, Swiss engraver (b. <a href="/wiki/1593" title="1593">1593</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Philip,_Count_of_Lippe" title="Simon Philip, Count of Lippe">Simon Philip, Count of Lippe</a>-Detmold (1636–1650) (b. <a href="/wiki/1632" title="1632">1632</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_26" title="June 26">June 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hedwig_of_Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel" title="Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel">Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel</a>, Duchess consort of Pomerania (b. <a href="/wiki/1595" title="1595">1595</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_28" title="June 28">June 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean_Rotrou" title="Jean Rotrou">Jean Rotrou</a>, French poet and tragedian (b. <a href="/wiki/1609" title="1609">1609</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_30" title="June 30">June 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Cabeo" title="Niccolò Cabeo">Niccolò Cabeo</a>, Italian Jesuit writer, theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1586" title="1586">1586</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2" title="July 2">July 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marion_Delorme" title="Marion Delorme">Marion Delorme</a>, French courtesan known for her relationships with the important men of her time (b. <a href="/wiki/1613" title="1613">1613</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_16" title="July 16">July 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Margaretha_van_Valckenburch" title="Margaretha van Valckenburch">Margaretha van Valckenburch</a>, Dutch shipowner, only female member of the VOC (b. <a href="/wiki/1565" title="1565">1565</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">July 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Levinz" title="Robert Levinz">Robert Levinz</a>, English Royalist, hanged in London by Parliamentary forces as a spy (b. <a href="/wiki/1615" title="1615">1615</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August" title="August">August</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Parkinson_(botanist)" title="John Parkinson (botanist)">John Parkinson</a>, English herbalist and botanist (b. <a href="/wiki/1567" title="1567">1567</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">August 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Monti" title="Cesare Monti">Cesare Monti</a>, Italian cardinal, Archbishop of Milan (b. <a href="/wiki/1593" title="1593">1593</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">September 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sc%C3%A9vole_de_Sainte-Marthe_(1571%E2%80%931650)" title="Scévole de Sainte-Marthe (1571–1650)">Scévole de Sainte-Marthe</a>, French historian (b. <a href="/wiki/1571" title="1571">1571</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">September 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart_(daughter_of_Charles_I)" title="Elizabeth Stuart (daughter of Charles I)">Elizabeth Stuart</a>, second daughter of King Charles I of England (b. <a href="/wiki/1635" title="1635">1635</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_of_Bavaria_(bishop)" title="Ferdinand of Bavaria (bishop)">Ferdinand of Bavaria</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1577" title="1577">1577</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_14" title="September 14">September 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Josias_von_Rantzau" title="Josias von Rantzau">Josias von Rantzau</a>, Marshal of France (b. <a href="/wiki/1609" title="1609">1609</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">September 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Valois,_Duke_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Charles de Valois, Duke of Angoulême">Charles de Valois, Duke of Angoulême</a>, son of Charles IX of France (b. <a href="/wiki/1573" title="1573">1573</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_25" title="October 25">October 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Franciscus_Quaresmius" title="Franciscus Quaresmius">Franciscus Quaresmius</a>, Italian writer and orientalist (b. <a href="/wiki/1583" title="1583">1583</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_29" title="October 29">October 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Calderwood" title="David Calderwood">David Calderwood</a>, Scottish historian (b. <a href="/wiki/1575" title="1575">1575</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">November 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_II,_Prince_of_Orange" title="William II, Prince of Orange">William II, Prince of Orange</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1626" title="1626">1626</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">November 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Cardoso_(composer)" title="Manuel Cardoso (composer)">Manuel Cardoso</a>, Portuguese composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1566" title="1566">1566</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_13" title="December 13">December 13</a> – <i>(bapt.)</i> <a href="/wiki/Phineas_Fletcher" title="Phineas Fletcher">Phineas Fletcher</a>, English poet (b. <a href="/wiki/1582" title="1582">1582</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_31" title="December 31">December 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dorgon" title="Dorgon">Dorgon</a>, Manchu prince (b. <a href="/wiki/1612" title="1612">1612</a>)</li> <li><i>date unknown</i> – <a href="/wiki/Catalina_de_Erauso" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalina de Erauso">Catalina de Erauso</a>, Spanish-Mexican nun and soldier (b. <a href="/wiki/1592" title="1592">1592</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C3%A7i_Bey" title="Koçi Bey">Koçi Bey</a>, Ottoman man of letters</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Andersdotter" title="Magdalena Andersdotter">Magdalena Andersdotter</a>, Norwegian-Faroese shipowner (b. <a href="/wiki/1590" title="1590">1590</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teofila_Chmielecka" title="Teofila Chmielecka">Teofila Chmielecka</a>, Polish military wife (b. <a href="/wiki/1590" title="1590">1590</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1650&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandBTL19" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/BTL19">"Battle of Carbisdale (BTL19)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Battle+of+Carbisdale+%28BTL19%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FBTL19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandBTL7" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/BTL7">"Battle of Dunbar II (BTL7)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Battle+of+Dunbar+II+%28BTL7%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FBTL7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cassell's_Chronology-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cassell's_Chronology_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2005" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Hywel (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/263"><i>Cassell's Chronology of World History</i></a></span>. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/263">263–264</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-304-35730-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-304-35730-8"><bdi>0-304-35730-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cassell%27s+Chronology+of+World+History&rft.place=London&rft.pages=263-264&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-304-35730-8&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Hywel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcassellschronolo0000will%2Fpage%2F263&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA_Scholler_in_Oxford1651" class="citation book cs1">A Scholler in Oxford (1651). <i>Newes from the Dead, or a True and Exact Narration of the Miraculous Deliverance of Anne Greene; whereunto are prefixed certain Poems casually written upon that subject</i>. Oxford: printed by Leonard Lichfield for Tho. Robinson.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Newes+from+the+Dead%2C+or+a+True+and+Exact+Narration+of+the+Miraculous+Deliverance+of+Anne+Greene%3B+whereunto+are+prefixed+certain+Poems+casually+written+upon+that+subject&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=printed+by+Leonard+Lichfield+for+Tho.+Robinson&rft.date=1651&rft.au=A+Scholler+in+Oxford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span> Includes Latin verses by <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wren" title="Christopher Wren">Christopher Wren</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHughes1982" class="citation journal cs1">Hughes, J. Trevor (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1500297">"Miraculous Deliverance of Anne Green: An Oxford Case Of Resuscitation In The Seventeenth Century"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Medical_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="British Medical Journal">British Medical Journal</a></i>. <b>285</b> (6357): 1792–1793. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.285.6357.1792">10.1136/bmj.285.6357.1792</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/29509089">29509089</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1500297">1500297</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6816370">6816370</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Medical+Journal&rft.atitle=Miraculous+Deliverance+of+Anne+Green%3A+An+Oxford+Case+Of+Resuscitation+In+The+Seventeenth+Century&rft.volume=285&rft.issue=6357&rft.pages=1792-1793&rft.date=1982&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1500297%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F6816370&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F29509089%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.285.6357.1792&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=J.+Trevor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1500297&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNB-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DNB_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGowing2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gowing, Laura (2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-11413">"Greene, Anne (c. 1628–1659)"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F11413">10.1093/ref:odnb/11413</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Greene%2C+Anne+%28c.+1628%E2%80%931659%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F11413&rft.aulast=Gowing&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-11413&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160818124242/http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201a.htm">"What Were the Largest Cities Throughout History?"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201a.htm">the original</a> on August 18, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Were+the+Largest+Cities+Throughout+History%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeography.about.com%2Flibrary%2Fweekly%2Faa011201a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHastie1987" class="citation book cs1">Hastie, Roy (1987). <i>Nell Gwyn</i>. London: R. Hale. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780709030997" title="Special:BookSources/9780709030997"><bdi>9780709030997</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nell+Gwyn&rft.place=London&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=R.+Hale&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=9780709030997&rft.aulast=Hastie&rft.aufirst=Roy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChandler1979" class="citation book cs1">Chandler, David (1979). <i>Marlborough as military commander</i>. 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London: Routledge, Taylor and Francis. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317876830" title="Special:BookSources/9781317876830"><bdi>9781317876830</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+III&rft.place=London&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Routledge%2C+Taylor+and+Francis&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781317876830&rft.aulast=Claydon&rft.aufirst=Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÅkerman1991" class="citation book cs1">Åkerman, Susanna (1991). <i>Queen Christina of Sweden and her circle : the transformation of a seventeenth-century philosophical libertine</i>. 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Brill. p. 50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004246706" title="Special:BookSources/9789004246706"><bdi>9789004246706</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Queen+Christina+of+Sweden+and+her+circle+%3A+the+transformation+of+a+seventeenth-century+philosophical+libertine&rft.place=Leiden+New+York&rft.pages=50&rft.pub=E.J.+Brill&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9789004246706&rft.aulast=%C3%85kerman&rft.aufirst=Susanna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1650" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBradley1893" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Emily_Tennyson_Bradley" title="Emily Tennyson Bradley">Bradley, Emily Tennyson</a> (1893). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1885-1900/Levinz,_Robert" class="extiw" title="s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Levinz, Robert">Levinz, Robert</a>". In <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lee" title="Sidney Lee">Lee, Sidney</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. Vol. 33. 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