CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Catherine Parr - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"f755bb9e-502b-46dc-b533-1ec7959d3059","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Catherine_Parr","wgTitle":"Catherine Parr","wgCurRevisionId":1276167456,"wgRevisionId":1276167456,"wgArticleId":47406,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages containing links to subscription-only content","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use British English from October 2013","Use dmy dates from July 2020","Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images","Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2024","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB","Commons category link from Wikidata","Articles with LibriVox links","Catherine Parr","Parr family", "1510s births","1548 deaths","16th-century Anglicans","16th-century English women writers","16th-century English writers","16th-century English scholars","16th-century English theologians","16th-century regents","16th-century women regents","People from the City of London","Writers from London","Burials at St Mary's Chapel, Sudeley Castle","Burials in Gloucestershire","Converts to Anglicanism from Roman Catholicism","Deaths in childbirth","English Anglicans","English baronesses","Ladies of the Privy Chamber","People from Kendal","People from Winchcombe","Regents of England","Wives of Henry VIII","Remarried queens consort","Wives of knights"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Catherine_Parr","wgRelevantArticleId":47406,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false, "wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q192943","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles" :"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg/1200px-Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1521"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg/800px-Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1014"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg/640px-Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="811"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Catherine Parr - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Catherine_Parr rootpage-Catherine_Parr skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Catherine+Parr" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Catherine+Parr" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Catherine+Parr" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Catherine+Parr" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_adolescence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_adolescence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life and adolescence</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Early_life_and_adolescence-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Early life and adolescence subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_adolescence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_marriage_(1529–1533)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_marriage_(1529–1533)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>First marriage (1529–1533)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_marriage_(1529–1533)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lady_Latimer_(1534–1543)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lady_Latimer_(1534–1543)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Lady Latimer (1534–1543)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lady_Latimer_(1534–1543)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Lady Latimer (1534–1543) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lady_Latimer_(1534–1543)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pilgrimage_of_Grace_and_later" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pilgrimage_of_Grace_and_later"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Pilgrimage of Grace and later</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pilgrimage_of_Grace_and_later-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Queen_of_England_and_Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Queen_of_England_and_Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Queen of England and Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Queen_of_England_and_Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Final_marriage_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_marriage_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Final marriage and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_marriage_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Remains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Remains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iconography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iconography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Iconography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iconography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historiography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historiography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Historiography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historiography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Catherine Parr</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catharina_Parr" title="Catharina Parr – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Catharina Parr" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="كاثرين بار – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كاثرين بار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalina_Parr" title="Catalina Parr – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Catalina Parr" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yekaterina_Parr" title="Yekaterina Parr – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yekaterina Parr" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کاترین پار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کاترین پار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катрин Пар – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Катрин Пар" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Parr" title="Katherine Parr – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Katherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Parr" title="Katherine Parr – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Katherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterina_Parr" title="Caterina Parr – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Caterina Parr" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kate%C5%99ina_Parrov%C3%A1" title="Kateřina Parrová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kateřina Parrová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catrin_Parr" title="Catrin Parr – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Catrin Parr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81" title="Αικατερίνη Παρ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αικατερίνη Παρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalina_Parr" title="Catalina Parr – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Catalina Parr" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalina_Parr" title="Katalina Parr – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Katalina Parr" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کاترین پار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاترین پار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catarina_Parr" title="Catarina Parr – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Catarina Parr" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%90%EC%84%9C%EB%A6%B0_%ED%8C%8C" title="캐서린 파 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캐서린 파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1_%D5%8A%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%80" title="Եկատերինա Պարր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Եկատերինա Պարր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katarina_Parr" title="Katarina Parr – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Katarina Parr" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterina_Parr" title="Caterina Parr – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Caterina Parr" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8" title="קתרין פאר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קתרין פאר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ქეთრინ პარი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქეთრინ პარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catharina_Parra" title="Catharina Parra – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Catharina Parra" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parr_Katalin_angol_kir%C3%A1lyn%C3%A9" title="Parr Katalin angol királyné – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Parr Katalin angol királyné" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katerina_Parr" title="Katerina Parr – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Katerina Parr" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="كاثرين بار – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كاثرين بار" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catrina_Pa%E1%B9%9B" title="Catrina Paṛ – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Catrina Paṛ" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catharina_Parr" title="Catharina Parr – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Catharina Parr" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%82%B5%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC" title="キャサリン・パー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キャサリン・パー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katarina_Parr" title="Katarina Parr – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Katarina Parr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کترين پار – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کترين پار" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katarzyna_Parr" title="Katarzyna Parr – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Katarzyna Parr" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catarina_Parr" title="Catarina Parr – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Catarina Parr" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80,_%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Парр, Екатерина – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парр, Екатерина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar%C3%ADna_Parrov%C3%A1" title="Katarína Parrová – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Katarína Parrová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katarina_Parr" title="Katarina Parr – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Katarina Parr" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катарина Пар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Катарина Пар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katariina_Parr" title="Katariina Parr – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Katariina Parr" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katarina_Parr" title="Katarina Parr – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Katarina Parr" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="แคเทอริน พาร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคเทอริน พาร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80" title="Катерина Парр – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Катерина Парр" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="Catherine Parr – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Catherine Parr" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E7%91%9F%E7%90%B3%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94" title="凯瑟琳·帕尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="凯瑟琳·帕尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192943#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Parr" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Catherine_Parr" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Parr"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Parr"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Catherine_Parr" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Catherine_Parr" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&oldid=1276167456" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Catherine_Parr&id=1276167456&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCatherine_Parr"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCatherine_Parr"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Catherine_Parr&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parr" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192943" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Queen of England and Ireland from 1543 to 1547</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Katherine Parr" redirects here. For the British actress, see <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Parr_(actress)" title="Katherine Parr (actress)">Katherine Parr (actress)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Catherine Parr</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg/220px-Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg/330px-Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg/440px-Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3042" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Portrait by unknown artist in late 16th century, <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Queen_consort_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen consort of England">Queen consort of England</a> and Ireland</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tenure</th><td class="infobox-data">12 July 1543 – 28 January 1547</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> July or August 1512</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Blackfriars,_London" title="Blackfriars, London">Blackfriars</a>, London, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">5 September 1548 (aged 36)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sudeley_Castle" title="Sudeley Castle">Sudeley Castle</a>, Gloucestershire, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data">7 September 1548<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><div style="display:inline" class="label">St Mary's Chapel, <a href="/wiki/Sudeley_Castle" title="Sudeley Castle">Sudeley Castle</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Edward_Burgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Edward Burgh">Sir Edward Burgh</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1529; died 1533)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/John_Neville,_3rd_Baron_Latimer" title="John Neville, 3rd Baron Latimer">John Neville, 3rd Baron Latimer</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1534; died <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="2 March 1543">1543</span>)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII of England</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="12 July 1543">1543</span>; died <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="28 January 1547">1547</span>)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Seymour,_1st_Baron_Seymour_of_Sudeley" title="Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley">Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley</a><br /></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1547)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Seymour" title="Mary Seymour">Mary Seymour</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Parr" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Thomas Parr">Sir Thomas Parr</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maud_Green" title="Maud Green">Maud Green</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestantism in England">Protestant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="notpageimage infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Catherine_Parr_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Catherine Parr's signature"><img alt="Catherine Parr's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Catherine_Parr_Signature.svg/125px-Catherine_Parr_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Catherine_Parr_Signature.svg/188px-Catherine_Parr_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Catherine_Parr_Signature.svg/250px-Catherine_Parr_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="301" data-file-height="124" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Catherine Parr</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> July or August 1512</span><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames201218_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames201218-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 5 September 1548) was <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_royal_consorts" title="List of English royal consorts">Queen of England and Ireland</a> as the last of <a href="/wiki/Wives_of_Henry_VIII" title="Wives of Henry VIII">the six wives</a> of King <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a> from their marriage on 12 July 1543 until Henry's death on 28 January 1547. Catherine was the final <a href="/wiki/Queen_consort" title="Queen consort">queen consort</a> of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Tudor" title="House of Tudor">House of Tudor</a>, and outlived Henry by a year and eight months. With four husbands, she is the most-married English queen. She was the first woman to publish in print an original work under her own name in England in the English language.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller20111_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller20111-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Catherine enjoyed a close relationship with Henry's three children, <a href="/wiki/Mary_I_of_England" title="Mary I of England">Mary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward</a>. She was personally involved in the education of Elizabeth and Edward. She was influential in Henry's passing of the <a href="/wiki/Third_Succession_Act" title="Third Succession Act">Third Succession Act</a> in 1543 that restored his daughters Mary and Elizabeth to the <a href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_British_throne" title="Succession to the British throne">line of succession</a> to the throne.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJones201036_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJones201036-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Catherine was appointed <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> from July to September 1544 while Henry was on a military campaign in France; in the event that he lost his life, she was to rule as regent until Edward came of age. However, he did not give her any function in government in <a href="/wiki/Will_of_Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Will of Henry VIII of England">his will</a>. Following the King's death, she assumed the role of guardian to her stepdaughter, Elizabeth, and took Henry's great-niece <a href="/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey" title="Lady Jane Grey">Lady Jane Grey</a> into her household. </p><p>On 25 April 1544, Catherine published her first book, <i><a href="/wiki/Psalms_or_Prayers" title="Psalms or Prayers">Psalms or Prayers</a></i>, anonymously.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller2011197_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller2011197-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her book <i><a href="/wiki/Prayers_or_Meditations" title="Prayers or Meditations">Prayers or Meditations</a></i> became the first original book published by an English queen under her own name on 2 June 1545. She published a third book, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lamentation_of_a_Sinner" title="The Lamentation of a Sinner">The Lamentation of a Sinner</a></i>, on 5 November 1547, nine months after the death of King Henry VIII. On account of her <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> sympathies, she provoked the enmity of anti-Protestant officials, who sought to turn the King against her; a warrant for her arrest was drawn up, probably in the spring of 1546.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, she and the king soon reconciled. </p><p>After Henry's death on 28 January 1547, Catherine was allowed to keep the queen's jewels and dresses as <a href="/wiki/Queen_dowager" title="Queen dowager">queen dowager</a>. About six months after Henry's death, she married her fourth and final husband, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Seymour,_1st_Baron_Seymour_of_Sudeley" title="Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley">Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley</a>. Seymour was an uncle of Henry's successor, King Edward VI (Catherine's stepson) and the younger brother of <a href="/wiki/Lord_Protector_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Protector of England">Lord Protector of England</a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset">Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset</a>, and of <a href="/wiki/Jane_Seymour" title="Jane Seymour">Jane Seymour</a>, Henry's third wife. Catherine's fourth and final marriage was short-lived, for she died on 5 September 1548 due to complications of childbirth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009294_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009294-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her funeral was held on 7 September 1548<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was the first Protestant funeral in England, Scotland or Ireland to be held in English.<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_adolescence">Early life and adolescence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and adolescence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Catherine Parr was the eldest child of <a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Parr" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Thomas Parr">Sir Thomas Parr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_manor" title="Lord of the manor">lord of the manor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kendal" title="Kendal">Kendal</a> in <a href="/wiki/Westmorland" title="Westmorland">Westmorland</a> (now in <a href="/wiki/Westmorland_and_Furness" title="Westmorland and Furness">Westmorland and Furness</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Maud_Green" title="Maud Green">Maud Green</a>, daughter and co-heiress of <a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Green" title="Sir Thomas Green">Sir Thomas Green</a>, lord of <a href="/wiki/Greens_Norton" title="Greens Norton">Greens Norton</a>, Northamptonshire, and <a href="/wiki/Joan_Fogge" title="Joan Fogge">Joan Fogge</a>. Like <a href="/wiki/Anne_Boleyn" title="Anne Boleyn">Anne Boleyn</a>, Catherine had been raised as a Catholic but at some point turned to <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a>. Sir Thomas Parr was a descendant of King <a href="/wiki/Edward_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward III">Edward III</a>, and the Parrs were a substantial northern family which included many knights. Catherine had a younger brother, <a href="/wiki/William_Parr,_1st_Marquess_of_Northampton" class="mw-redirect" title="William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton">William</a>, who after much wrangling was later created first <a href="/wiki/Marquess_of_Northampton" title="Marquess of Northampton">Marquess of Northampton</a>, and a younger sister, <a href="/wiki/Anne_Parr,_Countess_of_Pembroke" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke">Anne</a>, later <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Pembroke" title="Earl of Pembroke">Countess of Pembroke</a>. Sir Thomas was a close companion to King <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a>, and was rewarded as such with responsibilities and/or incomes from his positions as <a href="/wiki/Sheriff_of_Northamptonshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheriff of Northamptonshire">Sheriff of Northamptonshire</a>, Master of the Wards, and <a href="/wiki/Comptroller_of_the_Household" title="Comptroller of the Household">Comptroller of the Household</a>, in addition to being the lord of Kendal. Catherine's mother was a close friend and attendant of <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Aragon" title="Catherine of Aragon">Catherine of Aragon</a>, and Catherine Parr was probably named after Queen Catherine, who was her godmother.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201125_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201125-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She was born in 1512, probably in either late July or August.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was once thought that Catherine Parr had been born at <a href="/wiki/Kendal_Castle" title="Kendal Castle">Kendal Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/Westmorland" title="Westmorland">Westmorland</a>. However, at the time of her birth, Kendal Castle was already in very poor condition.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During her pregnancy, Maud Parr remained at court, attending the Queen, and by necessity the Parr family were living in their townhouse at <a href="/wiki/Blackfriars,_London" title="Blackfriars, London">Blackfriars</a>. Historians now consider it unlikely that Sir Thomas would have taken his pregnant wife on an arduous two-week journey north over bad roads to give birth in a crumbling castle in which neither of them seemed to spend much time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrerCurwen192354_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrerCurwen192354-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200960–63_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200960–63-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Catherine's father died when she was young, and she was close to her mother as she grew up.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobinLarsenLevin2007289_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERobinLarsenLevin2007289-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Catherine's initial education was similar to other well-born women, but she developed a passion for learning which would continue throughout her life. She was fluent in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> (a language in which she composed),<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>, and began learning <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> after becoming queen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004690_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004690-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to biographer <a href="/wiki/Linda_Porter_(historian)" title="Linda Porter (historian)">Linda Porter</a>, the story that as a child, Catherine could not tolerate sewing and often said to her mother that "my hands are ordained to touch crowns and sceptres, not spindles and needles" is very likely <a href="/wiki/Apocrypha" title="Apocrypha">apocryphal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201137_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201137-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_marriage_(1529–1533)"><span id="First_marriage_.281529.E2.80.931533.29"></span>First marriage (1529–1533)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: First marriage (1529–1533)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1529, when she was seventeen, Catherine married <a href="/wiki/Sir_Edward_Burgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Edward Burgh">Sir Edward Burgh</a> (pronounced and sometimes written as <i>Borough</i>), a grandson of <a href="/wiki/Edward_Burgh,_2nd_Baron_Burgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Burgh, 2nd Baron Burgh">Edward Burgh, 2nd Baron Burgh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201146_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201146-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earlier biographies had mistakenly reported that Catherine had married the older Burgh.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMosley_12003587_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMosley_12003587-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the 2nd Baron Burgh's death in December 1528, Catherine's father-in-law Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Burgh,_1st_Baron_Burgh" title="Thomas Burgh, 1st Baron Burgh">Thomas Burgh</a> was summoned to <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliament</a> in 1529 as <a href="/wiki/Baron_Burgh" title="Baron Burgh">Baron Burgh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201152_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201152-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Catherine's first husband was in his twenties and may have been in poor health. He served as a <a href="/wiki/Feoffee" title="Feoffee">feoffee</a> for Thomas Kiddell and as a <a href="/wiki/Justice_of_the_peace" title="Justice of the peace">justice of the peace</a>. His father also secured a joint patent in survivorship with his son for the office of steward of the manor of the <a href="/wiki/Soke_(legal)" title="Soke (legal)">soke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kirton_in_Lindsey" title="Kirton in Lindsey">Kirton in Lindsey</a>. The younger Sir Edward Burgh died in the spring of 1533, not surviving to inherit the title of Baron Burgh.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200960–63_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200960–63-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201156_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201156-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lady_Latimer_(1534–1543)"><span id="Lady_Latimer_.281534.E2.80.931543.29"></span>Lady Latimer (1534–1543)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lady Latimer (1534–1543)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following her first husband's death, Catherine Parr may have spent time with the Dowager Lady Strickland, Katherine Neville, who was the widow of Catherine's cousin Sir Walter Strickland, at the Stricklands' family residence of <a href="/wiki/Sizergh_Castle_and_Garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Sizergh Castle and Garden">Sizergh Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/Westmorland" title="Westmorland">Westmorland</a> (now in <a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a>). In the summer of 1534, Catherine married, secondly, <a href="/wiki/John_Neville,_3rd_Baron_Latimer" title="John Neville, 3rd Baron Latimer">John Neville, 3rd Baron Latimer</a>, her father's second cousin and a kinsman of Lady Strickland. With this marriage, Catherine became only the second woman in the Parr family to marry into the peerage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The twice-widowed Latimer was nearly twice Catherine's age. From his first marriage to Dorothy de Vere, sister of <a href="/wiki/John_de_Vere,_14th_Earl_of_Oxford" title="John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford">John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford</a>, he had two children, John and Margaret. Although Latimer was in financial difficulties after he and his brothers had pursued legal action to claim the title of <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Warwick" title="Earl of Warwick">Earl of Warwick</a>, Catherine now had a home of her own, a title and a husband with a position and influence in the north.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Snape_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_467688.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Snape_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_467688.jpg/220px-Snape_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_467688.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Snape_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_467688.jpg/330px-Snape_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_467688.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Snape_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_467688.jpg/440px-Snape_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_467688.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Snape_Castle" title="Snape Castle">Snape Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Yorkshire" title="North Yorkshire">North Yorkshire</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pilgrimage_of_Grace_and_later">Pilgrimage of Grace and later</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pilgrimage of Grace and later"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Latimer was a supporter of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> and had opposed the King's first <a href="/wiki/Annulment" title="Annulment">annulment</a>, his subsequent marriage to <a href="/wiki/Anne_Boleyn" title="Anne Boleyn">Anne Boleyn</a>, and the religious consequences. In October 1536, during the <a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire_Rising" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincolnshire Rising">Lincolnshire Rising</a>, Catholic rebels appeared before the Latimers' home, threatening violence if Latimer did not join their efforts to reinstate the links between England and Rome. Catherine watched as her husband was dragged away. Between October 1536 and April 1537, Catherine lived alone in fear with her step-children, struggling to survive. It is probable that, in these uncertain times, Catherine's strong reaction against the rebellion strengthened her adherence to the <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">reformed</a> <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 1537, during the uprising known as the <a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage_of_Grace" title="Pilgrimage of Grace">Pilgrimage of Grace</a>, Catherine and her step-children were held hostage at <a href="/wiki/Snape_Castle" title="Snape Castle">Snape Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Yorkshire" title="North Yorkshire">North Yorkshire</a>. The rebels ransacked the house and sent word to Lord Latimer, who was returning from London, that if he did not return immediately they would kill his family. When Latimer returned to the castle, he managed to talk the rebels into releasing his family and leaving, but the aftermath was taxing on the whole family.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The King and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cromwell" title="Thomas Cromwell">Thomas Cromwell</a> heard conflicting reports as to whether Latimer was a prisoner or a conspirator. As a conspirator, he could be found guilty of <a href="/wiki/Treason" title="Treason">treason</a>, forfeiting his estates and leaving Catherine and her step-children penniless. The King himself wrote to <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_3rd_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk">Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk</a>, pressing him to make sure Latimer would "condemn that villain [Robert] <a href="/wiki/Robert_Aske_(political_leader)" title="Robert Aske (political leader)">Aske</a> and submit to our clemency".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELetters_and_Papers,_Foreign_and_Domestic,_Henry_VIII11,_[httpwwwbritish-historyacukreportaspxcompid75488_1174]_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELetters_and_Papers,_Foreign_and_Domestic,_Henry_VIII11,_[httpwwwbritish-historyacukreportaspxcompid75488_1174]-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Latimer complied. It is likely that Catherine's brother <a href="/wiki/William_Parr,_1st_Marquess_of_Northampton" class="mw-redirect" title="William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton">William Parr</a> and her uncle, <a href="/wiki/William_Parr,_1st_Baron_Parr_of_Horton" title="William Parr, 1st Baron Parr of Horton">William Parr, 1st Baron Parr of Horton</a>, who both fought against the rebellion, intervened to save Latimer's life.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although no charges were laid against him, Latimer's reputation, which reflected upon Catherine, was tarnished for the rest of his life. Over the next seven years, the family spent much of their time in the south. In 1542, the family spent time in London as Latimer attended parliament. Catherine visited her brother <a href="/wiki/William_Parr,_1st_Marquess_of_Northampton" class="mw-redirect" title="William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton">William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton</a> and her sister <a href="/wiki/Anne_Parr,_Countess_of_Pembroke" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke">Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke</a> at court. It was here that Catherine became acquainted with her future fourth husband, Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Seymour,_1st_Baron_Seymour_of_Sudeley" title="Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley">Thomas Seymour</a>. The atmosphere of the court was greatly different from that of the rural estates she knew. There, Catherine could find the latest trends, not only in religious matters, but in less weighty secular matters such as fashion and jewellery.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the winter of 1542, Lord Latimer's health had worsened. Catherine nursed her husband until his death in 1543. In his will, Catherine was named as guardian of his daughter, Margaret, and was put in charge of his affairs until his daughter's majority. Latimer left Catherine a life interest in the manor of Stowe in <a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire" title="Northamptonshire">Northamptonshire</a>, eleven miles from Horton, and other properties.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller20119_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller20119-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also bequeathed money for supporting his daughter, and in the case that his daughter did not marry within five years, Catherine was to take £30 a year out of the income to support her. Catherine was left a rich widow, but after Lord Latimer's death she faced the possibility of having to return north. It is likely that Catherine sincerely mourned her husband; she kept a remembrance of him, his New Testament with his name inscribed inside, until her death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Using her late mother's friendship with Henry's first queen, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Aragon" title="Catherine of Aragon">Catherine of Aragon</a>, Catherine took the opportunity to renew her own friendship with the former queen's daughter, <a href="/wiki/Mary_I_of_England" title="Mary I of England">Lady Mary</a>. By 16 February 1543, Catherine had established herself as part of Mary's household, and it was there that Catherine caught the attention of the King. Although she had begun a romantic friendship with Sir Thomas Seymour, the brother of the late queen <a href="/wiki/Jane_Seymour" title="Jane Seymour">Jane Seymour</a>, she saw it as her duty to accept Henry's proposal over Seymour's. Seymour was given a posting in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> to remove him from the King's court.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Queen_of_England_and_Ireland">Queen of England and Ireland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Queen of England and Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Katherine_Parr_(1512%E2%80%931548),_Queen_of_England_and_Ireland_(attributed_to_Master_John).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Portrait_of_Katherine_Parr_%281512%E2%80%931548%29%2C_Queen_of_England_and_Ireland_%28attributed_to_Master_John%29.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Katherine_Parr_%281512%E2%80%931548%29%2C_Queen_of_England_and_Ireland_%28attributed_to_Master_John%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Portrait_of_Katherine_Parr_%281512%E2%80%931548%29%2C_Queen_of_England_and_Ireland_%28attributed_to_Master_John%29.jpg/330px-Portrait_of_Katherine_Parr_%281512%E2%80%931548%29%2C_Queen_of_England_and_Ireland_%28attributed_to_Master_John%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Portrait_of_Katherine_Parr_%281512%E2%80%931548%29%2C_Queen_of_England_and_Ireland_%28attributed_to_Master_John%29.jpg/440px-Portrait_of_Katherine_Parr_%281512%E2%80%931548%29%2C_Queen_of_England_and_Ireland_%28attributed_to_Master_John%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2658" /></a><figcaption>The "Jersey" portrait of Queen Catherine<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Catherine married Henry VIII on 12 July 1543 at <a href="/wiki/Hampton_Court_Palace" title="Hampton Court Palace">Hampton Court Palace</a>. She was the first queen of England also to be <a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of Ireland">queen of Ireland</a> following Henry's <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Ireland_Act_1542" title="Crown of Ireland Act 1542">adoption</a> of the title <a href="/wiki/King_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Ireland">king of Ireland</a>. She was also the third of his wives to be named Catherine, although she spelled it "Kateryn" in signatures. Catherine and her new husband shared several common royal and noble ancestors, making them multiple cousins. By Henry's mother and Catherine's father they were third cousins once removed, sharing <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Neville,_1st_Earl_of_Westmorland" title="Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland">Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joan_Beaufort,_Countess_of_Westmorland" title="Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland">Lady Joan Beaufort</a> (granddaughter of <a href="/wiki/Edward_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward III">Edward III</a>), and by their fathers they were double fourth cousins once removed,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sharing <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Holland,_2nd_Earl_of_Kent" title="Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent">Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent</a> (son of <a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Kent" title="Joan of Kent">Joan of Kent</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Alice_Holland,_Countess_of_Kent" title="Alice Holland, Countess of Kent">Lady Alice FitzAlan</a> (granddaughter of <a href="/wiki/Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster" title="Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster">Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster</a>) and <a href="/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancaster" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster">John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster</a> (son of Edward III) and <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Swynford" title="Katherine Swynford">Katherine Swynford</a>. </p><p>On becoming queen, Catherine installed her former stepdaughter, Margaret Neville, as her lady-in-waiting,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and gave her cousin <a href="/wiki/Maud_Lane" title="Maud Lane">Maud, Lady Lane</a> and her stepson John's wife, <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Somerset" title="Lucy Somerset">Lucy Somerset</a>, positions in her household.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames_2008a_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames_2008a-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Catherine was partially responsible for reconciling Henry with his daughters from his first two marriages, and also developed a good relationship with Henry's son <a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward</a>. When she became queen, her uncle <a href="/wiki/William_Parr,_1st_Baron_Parr_of_Horton" title="William Parr, 1st Baron Parr of Horton">Lord Parr of Horton</a> became her <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chamberlain" title="Lord Chamberlain">Lord Chamberlain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004748_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004748-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:332px;max-width:332px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:169px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Catherine_Parr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Coat_of_Arms_of_Catherine_Parr.svg/195px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Catherine_Parr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="195" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Coat_of_Arms_of_Catherine_Parr.svg/293px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Catherine_Parr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Coat_of_Arms_of_Catherine_Parr.svg/390px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Catherine_Parr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="446" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:169px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rose_Maiden_Badge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Rose_Maiden_Badge.svg/129px-Rose_Maiden_Badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="129" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Rose_Maiden_Badge.svg/194px-Rose_Maiden_Badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Rose_Maiden_Badge.svg/258px-Rose_Maiden_Badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="255" data-file-height="336" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><i>Right</i>: Coat of arms of Catherine Parr as queen consort; <i>Left</i>: Rose Maiden heraldic badge used by Catherine</div></div></div></div> <p>Parr's <i>Psalms or Prayers taken out of Holy Scriptures</i>, was printed by the King's printer on 25 April 1544. It was an anonymous translation of a Latin work by Bishop <a href="/wiki/John_Fisher" title="John Fisher">John Fisher</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1525</span>) that had been reprinted on 18 April 1544. Fisher had been executed in 1535 for refusing to take the <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_supremacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oath of supremacy">oath of supremacy</a>, and his name does not appear on the title page. Parr's volume appeared as preparations for war were being finalised, and it served as a powerful piece of wartime propaganda designed to help Henry win the war against <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Scotland</a> via the prayers of his people.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The volume contains seventeen "Psalms", focused largely on defeating enemies, and it concludes with "A Prayer for the King", derived from a prayer for the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> by <a href="/wiki/Georg_Witzel" title="Georg Witzel">Georg Witzel</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "A Prayer for Men to Say Entering into Battle", a translation of a prayer by <a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parr paid for deluxe gift copies of the book which were printed on <a href="/wiki/Vellum" title="Vellum">vellum</a> and distributed at court.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One deluxe copy has annotations by Henry VIII. The "Ninth Psalm" was set to pre-existing music by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tallis" title="Thomas Tallis">Thomas Tallis</a> and was likely performed as part of special wartime ceremony at <a href="/wiki/Old_St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="Old St Paul's Cathedral">St. Paul's Cathedral</a> on 22 May 1544.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parr's "A Prayer for the King" had an important afterlife. In 1559, it was edited and inserted into the <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a></i>, probably by Elizabeth I who was then <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Governor_of_the_Church_of_England" title="Supreme Governor of the Church of England">Supreme Governor of the Church of England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This prayer remains in the <i>Book of Common Prayer</i> and is still used to pray for the British monarch by Anglican communities around the globe.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry went on his last campaign to France from July to September 1544, leaving Catherine as his <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a>. Because her regency council was composed of sympathetic members, including: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Thomas Cranmer</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>), <a href="/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset">Lord Hertford</a> and her uncle William Parr, Lord Parr of Horton (included at her particular request<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2008_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2008-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), Catherine obtained effective control and was able to rule as she saw fit. She handled provision, finances, and musters for Henry's French campaign, signed five royal proclamations, and maintained constant contact with her lieutenant in the northern Marches, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Talbot,_5th_Earl_of_Shrewsbury" title="Francis Talbot, 5th Earl of Shrewsbury">Lord Shrewsbury</a>, over the complex and unstable situation with Scotland. It is thought that her actions as regent, together with her strength of character and noted dignity, and later religious convictions, greatly influenced her stepdaughter Lady Elizabeth (the future Elizabeth I).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter2011348_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter2011348-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1550_Parr_Prayers_or_Meditations.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/1550_Parr_Prayers_or_Meditations.jpg/200px-1550_Parr_Prayers_or_Meditations.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/1550_Parr_Prayers_or_Meditations.jpg/300px-1550_Parr_Prayers_or_Meditations.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/1550_Parr_Prayers_or_Meditations.jpg/400px-1550_Parr_Prayers_or_Meditations.jpg 2x" data-file-width="970" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Title page of Parr's <i><a href="/wiki/Prayers_or_Meditations" title="Prayers or Meditations">Prayers or Meditations</a></i>, published in 1545</figcaption></figure> <p>Parr's second publication, <i><a href="/wiki/Prayers_or_Meditations" title="Prayers or Meditations">Prayers or Meditations</a></i>, appeared in June 1545, and, like her first book, it was a bestseller.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this case, Parr's compositional method was a complex one as she reworked the third book of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_%C3%A0_Kempis" title="Thomas à Kempis">Thomas à Kempis</a>'s <i>Imitatio Christi</i> to produce a monologue spoken by a generic Christian speaker.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The volume also circulated in manuscript and deluxe print copies. Princess Elizabeth translated the work into Latin, Italian and French as a New Year's gift for <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a> in December 1545 and presented the manuscript in a beautiful hand-embroidered cover. The volume has been digitised by the <a href="/wiki/British_Library" title="British Library">British Library</a>. </p><p>The Queen's religious views were viewed with suspicion by anti-Protestant officials such as <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gardiner" title="Stephen Gardiner">Stephen Gardiner</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Winchester" title="Bishop of Winchester">Bishop of Winchester</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wriothesley,_1st_Earl_of_Southampton" title="Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton">Lord Wriothesley</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2009_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2009-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although brought up as a Catholic, she later became sympathetic to and interested in the "New Faith". By the mid-1540s, she came under suspicion that she was actually a <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a>. This view is supported by the strong reformed ideas that she revealed after Henry's death, when her third book, <i>Lamentation of a Sinner,</i> was published in late 1547. In 1546, the Bishop of Winchester and Lord Wriothesley tried to turn the King against her. An arrest warrant was drawn up for her and rumours abounded across Europe that the King was attracted to her close friend, the <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Brandon,_Duchess_of_Suffolk" title="Katherine Brandon, Duchess of Suffolk">Duchess of Suffolk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2009_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2009-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, she saw the warrant and managed to reconcile with the King after vowing that she had only argued about religion with him to take his mind off the suffering caused by his ulcerous leg.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following day chancellor Wriothesley (with a detachment of the Guard), who was unaware of the reconciliation, tried to arrest her while she walked with Henry. The King angrily dismissed his chancellor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2002129_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2002129-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Final_marriage_and_death">Final marriage and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Final marriage and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shortly before he died, Henry made provision for an allowance of £7,000 per year for Catherine to support herself. He further ordered that, after his death, Catherine, though a <a href="/wiki/Queen_dowager" title="Queen dowager">queen dowager</a>, should be given the respect of a queen of England, as if he were still alive. After the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Edward_VI" title="Coronation of Edward VI">coronation of her stepson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward VI</a>, on 31 January 1547, Catherine retired from court to her home at <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Manor" title="Chelsea Manor">Old Manor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_London" title="Chelsea, London">Chelsea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Love_letter_from_Katherine_Parr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Love_letter_from_Katherine_Parr.jpg/220px-Love_letter_from_Katherine_Parr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="377" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Love_letter_from_Katherine_Parr.jpg/330px-Love_letter_from_Katherine_Parr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Love_letter_from_Katherine_Parr.jpg/440px-Love_letter_from_Katherine_Parr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2268" data-file-height="3886" /></a><figcaption>A letter from Catherine Parr to Thomas Seymour, declaring her love. On display at <a href="/wiki/Sudeley_Castle" title="Sudeley Castle">Sudeley Castle</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Following Henry's death, Catherine's old love and the new king's uncle, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Seymour,_1st_Baron_Seymour_of_Sudeley" title="Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley">Thomas Seymour</a> (who was soon created 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley), returned to court. Catherine was quick to accept when Seymour renewed his suit of marriage. Since only four months had passed since the death of King Henry, Seymour knew that the Regency council would not agree to a petition for the Queen Dowager to marry so soon. Sometime near the end of May, Catherine and Seymour married in secret.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> King Edward VI and the council were not informed of the union for several months. When their union became public knowledge, it caused a minor scandal. The King and Lady Mary were very much displeased by the union. After being censured and reprimanded by the council, Seymour wrote to the Lady Mary asking her to intervene on his behalf. Mary became furious at his forwardness and tasteless actions and refused to help. Mary even went as far as asking her half-sister, Lady Elizabeth, not to interact with Queen Catherine any further.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009268–276_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009268–276-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this time, Catherine began having altercations with her brother-in-law, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset">Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset</a>. Like Thomas, Edward was the King's uncle, and was also the Lord Protector. A rivalry developed between Catherine and his wife, her own former lady-in-waiting, <a href="/wiki/Anne_Seymour,_Duchess_of_Somerset" title="Anne Seymour, Duchess of Somerset">Anne Seymour, Duchess of Somerset</a>, which became particularly acute over the matter of Catherine's jewels.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Duchess argued that Catherine, as queen dowager, was no longer entitled to wear the jewels belonging to the wife of the king. Instead she, as the wife of the protector, should be the one to wear them. The whole ordeal left her relationship with Catherine permanently damaged; the relationship between the two Seymour brothers also worsened as a result, since Thomas saw the whole dispute as a personal attack by his brother on his social standing.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009268–276_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009268–276-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 1547, Catherine published her third book, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lamentation_of_a_Sinner" title="The Lamentation of a Sinner">The Lamentation of a Sinner</a></i>. The book promoted the Protestant concept of <a href="/wiki/Sola_fide" title="Sola fide">justification by faith alone</a>, which the Catholic Church deemed to be heresy. It was sponsored by <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Brandon,_Duchess_of_Suffolk" title="Katherine Brandon, Duchess of Suffolk">Katherine Brandon, Duchess of Suffolk</a>, and by William Parr (Catherine's brother), and <a href="/wiki/William_Cecil,_1st_Baron_Burghley" title="William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley">William Cecil</a>, Elizabeth I's future chief minister, wrote the preface. In 1544 or 1545, Parr had started to organise an English translation of Erasmus's <i><a href="/wiki/Paraphrase_of_Erasmus" title="Paraphrase of Erasmus">Paraphrases Upon the New Testament</a></i>, and the massive volume was finally printed in January 1548. Parr had enlisted <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Udall" title="Nicholas Udall">Nicholas Udall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Keyes" title="Thomas Keyes">Thomas Keyes</a> and Mary Tudor to translate different sections and she may have produced the paraphrase of Matthew. In July 1547 the Edwardian state ordered every parish to obtain a copy and many generations of literate parishioners would have encountered lengthy dedications praising Parr's learning, her commitment to the vernacular Bible, and her role in the English reformation.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parr owned many books and she participated in the cultural practice of writing in her books and signing books that belonged to others.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the age of 35, Catherine became pregnant. This pregnancy was a surprise, as Catherine had not conceived during her first three marriages. During this time, Seymour began to take an interest in Lady Elizabeth. Seymour had reputedly plotted to marry her before marrying Catherine, and it was reported later that Catherine discovered the two in an embrace. On a few occasions before the situation risked getting completely out of hand, according to the <a href="/wiki/Deposition_(law)" title="Deposition (law)">deposition</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kat_Ashley" title="Kat Ashley">Kat Ashley</a>, Catherine appears not only to have acquiesced in episodes of <a href="/wiki/Horseplay_humor" class="mw-redirect" title="Horseplay humor">horseplay</a>, but actually to have assisted her husband.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whatever actually happened, Elizabeth was sent away in May 1548 to stay with Sir <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Denny" title="Anthony Denny">Anthony Denny</a>'s household at <a href="/wiki/Cheshunt" title="Cheshunt">Cheshunt</a> and never saw her beloved stepmother again, although the two corresponded. Elizabeth immediately wrote a letter to the Queen and Seymour after she left Chelsea. The letter demonstrates a sort of remorse.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009286_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009286-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kat Ashley, whose deposition was given after Catherine had died and Seymour had been arrested for another attempt at marrying Lady Elizabeth, had developed a crush on Seymour during her time at Chelsea and encouraged her charge to "play along". At one point she even made a comment at how lucky Elizabeth would have been to have a husband like Seymour.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2000_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2000-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ashley even told Lady Elizabeth that Seymour had confided his sentiments to her of wanting to marry Elizabeth before Catherine.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaynes1740[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidYitDAAAAcAAJpgPA102_102–103]_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaynes1740[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidYitDAAAAcAAJpgPA102_102–103]-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Catherine's death, Ashley strongly encouraged Elizabeth to write to Seymour offering her condolences; to "comfort him of his sorrow...for he would think great kindness therein."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaynes1740[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidYitDAAAAcAAJpgPA102_102–103]_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaynes1740[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidYitDAAAAcAAJpgPA102_102–103]-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 1548, Catherine, accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey" title="Lady Jane Grey">Lady Jane Grey</a>, moved to <a href="/wiki/Sudeley_Castle" title="Sudeley Castle">Sudeley Castle</a> in Gloucestershire. The dowager queen promised to provide education for her. It was there that Catherine would spend the last few months of her pregnancy and the last summer of her life.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009291_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009291-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Catherine gave birth to her only child, a daughter, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Seymour" title="Mary Seymour">Mary Seymour</a>, named after Catherine's stepdaughter Mary, on 30 August 1548. Catherine died on 5 September 1548, at Sudeley Castle, from what is thought to have been "<a href="/wiki/Postpartum_infections" title="Postpartum infections">childbed fever</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009294_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009294-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This illness was common due to the lack of hygiene around childbirth.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Catherine's funeral was held on 7 September 1548.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the first Protestant funeral held in English.<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her chief mourner was Lady Jane Grey. She was buried in St. Mary's Chapel on the grounds of Sudeley Castle, Gloucestershire, England. </p><p>Thomas Seymour was beheaded for treason on 20 March 1549 and Mary Seymour was taken to live with the <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Brandon,_Duchess_of_Suffolk" title="Katherine Brandon, Duchess of Suffolk">Dowager Duchess of Suffolk</a>, a close friend of Catherine's. Catherine's other jewels were kept in a coffer with five drawers at Sudeley and this was sent to the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a> on 20 April 1549, and her clothes and papers followed in May.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a year and a half, on 17 March 1550, Mary's property was restored to her by the <a href="/wiki/Restitution_of_Mary_Seymour_Act_1549" class="mw-redirect" title="Restitution of Mary Seymour Act 1549">Restitution of Mary Seymour Act 1549</a> (<a href="/wiki/3_%26_4_Edw._6" class="mw-redirect" title="3 & 4 Edw. 6">3 & 4 Edw. 6</a>. c. 14), easing the burden of the infant's household on the Duchess. The last mention of Mary Seymour on record is on her second birthday, and although stories circulated that she eventually married and had children, most historians believe she died as a child at <a href="/wiki/Grimsthorpe_Castle" title="Grimsthorpe Castle">Grimsthorpe Castle</a> in Lincolnshire.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009299–300_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009299–300-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Remains">Remains</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Remains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloucestershire-SudeleyCastle-CatherineParr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gloucestershire-SudeleyCastle-CatherineParr.jpg/220px-Gloucestershire-SudeleyCastle-CatherineParr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gloucestershire-SudeleyCastle-CatherineParr.jpg/330px-Gloucestershire-SudeleyCastle-CatherineParr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gloucestershire-SudeleyCastle-CatherineParr.jpg/440px-Gloucestershire-SudeleyCastle-CatherineParr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Detail from tomb of Catherine Parr in St. Mary's Chapel, Sudeley Castle</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sudeley_Castle" title="Sudeley Castle">Sudeley Castle</a> was used as a base by King <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a>, leading to its siege and sack by <a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarians</a> in January 1643, during which Catherine's grave was probably disturbed and her monument destroyed. Contemporary writer <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Ryves" title="Bruno Ryves">Bruno Ryves</a> reported that: </p><p>"There is in the castle a goodly fair church, here they dug up the graves, and disturb the ashes of the dead, they break down the monuments of the Chandoses".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877260_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877260-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The castle changed hands several times during the war, suffering a second siege, before being <a href="/wiki/Slighting" title="Slighting">slighted</a> in 1649, leading to it being largely abandoned, and the royal grave lost. </p><p>Catherine's presence at the castle was first rediscovered by the antiquarian Rev. Huggett when researching at the <a href="/wiki/College_of_Arms" title="College of Arms">College of Arms</a>, passing his findings onto <a href="/wiki/George_Pitt,_1st_Baron_Rivers" title="George Pitt, 1st Baron Rivers">George Pitt, 1st Baron Rivers</a>, the owner of the castle in 1768.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877314_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877314-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Joseph Lucas, a member of the local gentry who dwelled in the outer court of the castle, renting it from Baron Rivers, was aware of Huggett's work and searched for the lost grave, discovering it among the ruins of the chapel in 1782. An account of the discovery was later published in <i><a href="/wiki/Notes_and_Queries" title="Notes and Queries">Notes and Queries</a></i> by the daughter of a Mr. Brooks, who had been present at the discovery. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tomb_of_Catherine_Parr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tomb_of_Catherine_Parr.jpg/220px-Tomb_of_Catherine_Parr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tomb_of_Catherine_Parr.jpg/330px-Tomb_of_Catherine_Parr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tomb_of_Catherine_Parr.jpg/440px-Tomb_of_Catherine_Parr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1622" data-file-height="840" /></a><figcaption>An illustration of the opening of Catherine Parr's coffin in 1782</figcaption></figure> <p>"In the summer of the year 1782 the earth in which Qu. K. Par lay inter'd was removed, and at the depth of about two feet (or very little more) her leaden coffin or coffin was found quite whole... Mr. Jno Lucas had the curiosity to rip up the top of the coffin, expecting to discover within it only the bones of the deceased, but to his great surprise found the whole body wrapped in 6 or 7 seer cloth linen, entire and uncorrupted... his unwarranted curiosity led him to make an incision through the seer cloth which covered one of the arms of the corpse, the flesh of which at the time was white and moist".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877316_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877316-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The coffin was reopened in 1783, 1784, 1786; and in 1792, when local vandals broke into the coffin and threw the corpse in a rubbish heap, leading to Mr. Lucas reinterring the body in a hidden, walled grave.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877316_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877316-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The last time the coffin was opened was in 1817 when the local rector decided to move it to the crypt under the chapel. When opening it this final time it was found the body had been reduced to a skeleton, and much of the coffin filled with ivy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877320_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877320-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During these various openings of the coffin, fragments of Catherine's dress and locks of her hair were collected, one of which was gifted to Elizabeth Hamilton<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (November 2024)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877181_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877181-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority of these items are now on display at Sudeley Castle. </p><p>The coffin was last moved in 1861 to its final location in the fully restored chapel, under a canopied neo-Gothic tomb designed by Sir <a href="/wiki/George_Gilbert_Scott" title="George Gilbert Scott">George Gilbert Scott</a>, with a recumbent marble figure by <a href="/wiki/John_Birnie_Philip" title="John Birnie Philip">John Birnie Philip</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iconography">Iconography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Iconography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Catherine_Parr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Catherine_Parr.jpg/200px-Catherine_Parr.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="398" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Catherine_Parr.jpg/300px-Catherine_Parr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Catherine_Parr.jpg/400px-Catherine_Parr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="3183" /></a><figcaption>This portrait, originally, and now identified as Catherine Parr, was wrongly identified as Lady Jane Grey for decades.</figcaption></figure> <p>The full-length portrait of Catherine Parr by Master John in the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery</a> was for many years thought to represent <a href="/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey" title="Lady Jane Grey">Lady Jane Grey</a>. The painting has recently been re-identified as Catherine Parr, with whose name it was originally associated. The full-length format was very rare in portraits of this date, and was usually used only for very important sitters. Lady Jane Grey, although of royal blood, was a relatively obscure child of eight when this was painted (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1545); it was to be another eight years before the short-lived attempt at placing her on the throne. The distinctive crown-shaped jewel the sitter wears can be traced to an inventory of jewels that belonged to Catherine Parr, and the cameo beads appear to have belonged to <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Howard" title="Catherine Howard">Catherine Howard</a>, from whom they would have passed to her successor as queen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliamson201091_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliamson201091-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGittings200614_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGittings200614-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames199620–24_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames199620–24-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another contemporary painting of Catherine Parr by Master John was likely painted in c.1547–1548, and in the past mistakenly labelled as Mary I or Lady Jane Grey. The painting, from the collection of the earls of Jersey, was thought to be lost in a fire by 1969, but was auctioned at Sotheby's in July 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historiography">Historiography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Historiography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The popular myth that Catherine Parr acted more as her husband's nurse than his wife was born in the 19th century from the work of Victorian moralist and proto-feminist <a href="/wiki/Agnes_Strickland" title="Agnes Strickland">Agnes Strickland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrickland1853434_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrickland1853434-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Starkey" title="David Starkey">David Starkey</a> challenged this assumption in his book <i>Six Wives</i>, in which he points out that such a situation would have been vaguely obscene to the Tudors—given that Henry had a huge staff of physicians waiting on him hand and foot, and Catherine was expected to live up to the heavy expectations of queenly dignity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004xvii_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004xvii-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Catherine's good sense, moral rectitude, compassion, firm religious commitment, and strong sense of loyalty and devotion have earned her many admirers among historians. These include Starkey, feminist activist Karen Lindsey, Lady <a href="/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser">Antonia Fraser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alison_Weir_(historian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alison Weir (historian)">Alison Weir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carolly_Erickson" title="Carolly Erickson">Carolly Erickson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alison_Plowden" title="Alison Plowden">Alison Plowden</a>, Susan James and Linda Porter. Biographers have described her as strong-willed and outspoken, physically desirable, susceptible (like Queen Elizabeth) to roguish charm, and even willing to resort to obscene language if the occasion suited.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">She signed her letters as <b>Kateryn</b>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Julian_of_Norwich" title="Julian of Norwich">Julian of Norwich</a> published <i>A Book of Showings</i> in about 1414, but this was only circulated in <a href="/wiki/Manuscript" title="Manuscript">manuscript</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaker199413_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaker199413-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Susan James notes that the record of Catherine's death, dated 5 September 1548, indicates that as she had "passed her thirty-sixth birthday", the likeliest date of her birth is between late July and the end of August 1512.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200918,_note_p._303_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200918,_note_p._303-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller2011182_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMueller2011">Mueller 2011</a>, p. 182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames201218-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames201218_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2012">James 2012</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaker199413-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaker199413_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaker1994">Baker 1994</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller20111-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller20111_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMueller2011">Mueller 2011</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJones201036-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJones201036_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJones2010">Jones 2010</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller2011197-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller2011197_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMueller2011">Mueller 2011</a>, p. 197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFreeman2013" class="citation book cs1">Freeman, Thomas S. (2013). "One Survived: The Account of the Katherine Parr in Foxe's "Books of Martyrs"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". In Betteridge, Thomas; <a href="/wiki/Suzannah_Lipscomb" title="Suzannah Lipscomb">Lipscomb, Suzannah</a> (eds.). <i>Henry VIII and the Court: Art, Politics and Performance</i>. Farnham, UK: Ashgate. pp. <span class="nowrap">241–</span>242.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=One+Survived%3A+The+Account+of+the+Katherine+Parr+in+Foxe%27s+%22Books+of+Martyrs%22&rft.btitle=Henry+VIII+and+the+Court%3A+Art%2C+Politics+and+Performance&rft.place=Farnham%2C+UK&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E241-%3C%2Fspan%3E242&rft.pub=Ashgate&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Thomas+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009294-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009294_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009294_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2009">James 2009</a>, p. 294.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-telegraph-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Campbell, Sophie. "Sudeley Castle: the curious life and death of Katherine Parr", <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. 14 August 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/united-kingdom/england/cotswolds/articles/Sudeley-Castle-the-curious-life-and-death-of-Katherine-Parr/">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201125-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201125_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter2011">Porter 2011</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200918,_note_p._303-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200918,_note_p._303_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2009">James 2009</a>, p. 18, note p. 303.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicholsonBurn1777">Nicholson & Burn 1777</a>, pp. 45–46, and the archaeological findings during the excavation of Kendal Castle by Barbara Harbottle as published in <a href="#CITEREFQuarto">Quarto</a>, V(4). January 1968; <a href="#CITEREFQuarto">Quarto</a>, VI(4). January 1969; <a href="#CITEREFQuarto">Quarto</a>, VII(4). January 1970; <a href="#CITEREFQuarto">Quarto</a>, X(1). August 1972</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrerCurwen192354-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrerCurwen192354_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrerCurwen1923">Farrer & Curwen 1923</a>, p. 54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200960–63-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200960–63_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200960–63_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2009">James 2009</a>, pp. 60–63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERobinLarsenLevin2007289-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobinLarsenLevin2007289_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobinLarsenLevin2007">Robin, Larsen & Levin 2007</a>, p. 289.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:A_cyclopaedia_of_female_biography.djvu/193">"Page: A cyclopaedia of female biography.djvu/193"</a> – via Wikisource, the free online library.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Page%3A+A+cyclopaedia+of+female+biography.djvu%2F193&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FPage%3AA_cyclopaedia_of_female_biography.djvu%2F193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004690-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004690_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStarkey2004">Starkey 2004</a>, p. 690.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201137-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201137_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter2011">Porter 2011</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201146-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201146_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter2011">Porter 2011</a>, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMosley_12003587-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMosley_12003587_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMosley_12003">Mosley 1 2003</a>, p. 587.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201152-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201152_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter2011">Porter 2011</a>, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter201156-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter201156_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter2011">Porter 2011</a>, p. 56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames200961–73_26-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2009">James 2009</a>, pp. 61–73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELetters_and_Papers,_Foreign_and_Domestic,_Henry_VIII11,_[httpwwwbritish-historyacukreportaspxcompid75488_1174]-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELetters_and_Papers,_Foreign_and_Domestic,_Henry_VIII11,_[httpwwwbritish-historyacukreportaspxcompid75488_1174]_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLetters_and_Papers,_Foreign_and_Domestic,_Henry_VIII">Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII</a>, 11, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=75488">1174</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMueller20119-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMueller20119_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMueller2011">Mueller 2011</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLehman2011" class="citation book cs1">Lehman, H. Eugene (2011). <i>Lives of England's Reigning and Consort Queens</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">349–</span>50.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lives+of+England%27s+Reigning+and+Consort+Queens&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E349-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Lehman&rft.aufirst=H.+Eugene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2023/old-master-19th-century-paintings-evening-auction/portrait-of-katherine-parr-1512-1548-queen-of">"Portrait of Katherine Parr (1512–1548), Queen of England and Ireland"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sotheby%27s" title="Sotheby's">Sotheby's</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portrait+of+Katherine+Parr+%281512%E2%80%931548%29%2C+Queen+of+England+and+Ireland&rft.pub=Sotheby%27s&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sothebys.com%2Fen%2Fbuy%2Fauction%2F2023%2Fold-master-19th-century-paintings-evening-auction%2Fportrait-of-katherine-parr-1512-1548-queen-of&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMontague2012" class="citation book cs1">Montague, Noel BothaM & Bruce (23 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4yGtDwAAQBAJ&dq=henry+viii+catherine+third+cousins+once+removed&pg=PT105"><i>The Book of Royal Useless Information: A Funny and Irreverent Look at The British Royal Family Past and Present</i></a>. Kings Road Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85782-725-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85782-725-5"><bdi>978-1-85782-725-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Royal+Useless+Information%3A+A+Funny+and+Irreverent+Look+at+The+British+Royal+Family+Past+and+Present&rft.pub=Kings+Road+Publishing&rft.date=2012-02-23&rft.isbn=978-1-85782-725-5&rft.aulast=Montague&rft.aufirst=Noel+BothaM+%26+Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4yGtDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dhenry%2Bviii%2Bcatherine%2Bthird%2Bcousins%2Bonce%2Bremoved%26pg%3DPT105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames_2008a-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames_2008a_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames_2008a">James 2008a</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004748-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004748_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStarkey2004">Starkey 2004</a>, p. 748.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2015" class="citation journal cs1">White, Micheline (2015). "The Psalms, War, and Royal Iconography: Katherine Parr's Psalms or Prayers (1544) and Henry VIII as David". <i>Renaissance Studies</i>. <b>29</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">554–</span>575. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Frest.12161">10.1111/rest.12161</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153458780">153458780</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Renaissance+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Psalms%2C+War%2C+and+Royal+Iconography%3A+Katherine+Parr%27s+Psalms+or+Prayers+%281544%29+and+Henry+VIII+as+David.&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E554-%3C%2Fspan%3E575&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Frest.12161&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153458780%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Micheline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2020" class="citation journal cs1">White, Micheline (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1072184ar">"Katherine Parr, Translation, and the Dissemination of Erasmus's Views on War and Peace"</a>. <i>Renaissance and Reformation / Renaissance et Réforme</i>. <b>43</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">67–</span>91. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.33137%2Frr.v43i2.34741">10.33137/rr.v43i2.34741</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:225192688">225192688</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Renaissance+and+Reformation+%2F+Renaissance+et+R%C3%A9forme&rft.atitle=Katherine+Parr%2C+Translation%2C+and+the+Dissemination+of+Erasmus%27s+Views+on+War+and+Peace&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E67-%3C%2Fspan%3E91&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.33137%2Frr.v43i2.34741&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A225192688%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Micheline&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fid.erudit.org%2Fiderudit%2F1072184ar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2023" class="citation journal cs1">White, Micheline (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Frqx.2022.445">"Katherine Parr's Giftbooks, Henry VIII's Marginalia, and the Display of Royal Power and Piety"</a>. <i>Renaissance Quarterly</i>. <b>76</b>: <span class="nowrap">39–</span>83. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Frqx.2022.445">10.1017/rqx.2022.445</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Renaissance+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Katherine+Parr%27s+Giftbooks%2C+Henry+VIII%27s+Marginalia%2C+and+the+Display+of+Royal+Power+and+Piety&rft.volume=76&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E39-%3C%2Fspan%3E83&rft.date=2023&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Frqx.2022.445&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Micheline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1017%252Frqx.2022.445&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkinner2016" class="citation journal cs1">Skinner, David (2016). "Deliver me from my deceytful ennemies": a Tallis Contrafactum in a Time of War". <i>Early Music</i>. <b>44</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">233–</span>250. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fem%2Fcaw044">10.1093/em/caw044</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Early+Music&rft.atitle=Deliver+me+from+my+deceytful+ennemies%22%3A+a+Tallis+Contrafactum+in+a+Time+of+War&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E233-%3C%2Fspan%3E250&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fem%2Fcaw044&rft.aulast=Skinner&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2015" class="citation journal cs1">White, Micheline (3 April 2015). "Pray for the Monarch: The Surprising Contributions of Katherine Parr and Queen Elizabeth I to the Book of Common Prayer". <i>Times Literary Supplement</i>. <b>5844</b>: 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Literary+Supplement&rft.atitle=Pray+for+the+Monarch%3A+The+Surprising+Contributions+of+Katherine+Parr+and+Queen+Elizabeth+I+to+the+Book+of+Common+Prayer&rft.volume=5844&rft.pages=14&rft.date=2015-04-03&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Micheline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2015" class="citation journal cs1">White, Micheline (3 April 2015). "Pray for the Monarch: The Surprising Contributions of Katherine Parr and Queen Elizabeth I to the Book of Common Prayer". <i>Times Literary Supplement</i>. <b>5844</b>: 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Literary+Supplement&rft.atitle=Pray+for+the+Monarch%3A+The+Surprising+Contributions+of+Katherine+Parr+and+Queen+Elizabeth+I+to+the+Book+of+Common+Prayer&rft.volume=5844&rft.pages=14&rft.date=2015-04-03&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Micheline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2008-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2008_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2008">James 2008</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPorter2011348-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPorter2011348_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter2011">Porter 2011</a>, p. 348.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColes2008" class="citation book cs1">Coles, Kimberly Anne (2008). <i>Religion, Reform, and Women's Writing in Early Modern England</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">52–</span>62.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion%2C+Reform%2C+and+Women%27s+Writing+in+Early+Modern+England&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E52-%3C%2Fspan%3E62&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Coles&rft.aufirst=Kimberly+Anne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMueller1990" class="citation journal cs1">Mueller, Janel (1990). "Devotion as Difference: Intertextuality in Queen Katherine Parr's Prayers or Meditations (1545)". <i>Huntington Library Quarterly</i>. <b>53</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">171–</span>197. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3817437">10.2307/3817437</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3817437">3817437</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Huntington+Library+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Devotion+as+Difference%3A+Intertextuality+in+Queen+Katherine+Parr%27s+Prayers+or+Meditations+%281545%29&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E171-%3C%2Fspan%3E197&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3817437&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3817437%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=Janel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2009-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2009_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2009_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHart2009">Hart 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoxe" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Foxe" title="John Foxe">Foxe, John</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exclassics.com/foxe/foxe212.htm">"Katherine Parr"</a>. <i>The Acts and Monuments of John Fox</i>. Exclassics.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Acts+and+Monuments+of+John+Fox&rft.atitle=Katherine+Parr&rft.aulast=Foxe&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.exclassics.com%2Ffoxe%2Ffoxe212.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2002129-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2002129_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStarkey2002">Starkey 2002</a>, p. 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshley2012" class="citation book cs1">Ashley, Mike (7 June 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1OqdBAAAQBAJ&q=catherine+parr+retirement+old+manor&pg=PT800"><i>The Mammoth Book of British Kings and Queens</i></a>. Little, Brown Book Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4721-0113-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4721-0113-6"><bdi>978-1-4721-0113-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mammoth+Book+of+British+Kings+and+Queens&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+Book+Group&rft.date=2012-06-07&rft.isbn=978-1-4721-0113-6&rft.aulast=Ashley&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1OqdBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dcatherine%2Bparr%2Bretirement%2Bold%2Bmanor%26pg%3DPT800&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMueller2011">Mueller 2011</a>, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009268–276-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009268–276_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009268–276_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2009">James 2009</a>, pp. 268–276.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2009">James 2009</a>, p. 271; citing British Library, Add. Ms. 46,348, f.67b: <a href="#CITEREFStarkey1998">Starkey 1998</a>, pp. 77–80; 122 items of jewellery.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPender2014" class="citation book cs1">Pender, Patricia (2014). <i>"Dispensing Quails, Mincemeat, Leaven: Katherine Parr's Patronage of the Paraphrases of Erasmus." In Material Cultures of Early Modern Women's Writing, edited by Patricia Pender and Rosalind Smith</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. <span class="nowrap">36–</span>54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22Dispensing+Quails%2C+Mincemeat%2C+Leaven%3A+Katherine+Parr%27s+Patronage+of+the+Paraphrases+of+Erasmus.%22+In+Material+Cultures+of+Early+Modern+Women%27s+Writing%2C+edited+by+Patricia+Pender+and+Rosalind+Smith&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E36-%3C%2Fspan%3E54&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Pender&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">White, Micheline (2018). <i>Katherine Parr's Marginalia: Putting the Wisdom of Chrysostom and Solomon into Practice." In Early Modern Women's Bookscapes: Reading, Ownership, Circulation, edited by Leah Knight, Elizabeth Sauer, and Micheline White</i>. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. pp. 21–42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Deposition of <a href="/wiki/Kat_Ashley" title="Kat Ashley">Katherine Ashley</a> in <a href="#CITEREFHaynes1740">Haynes 1740</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YitDAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA99">99–101</a>; Christopher Hibbert (1990) <i>The Virgin Queen</i>; Antonia Fraser (1992) <i>The Six Wives of Henry VIII</i>; Alison Weir (1996) <i>Children of England</i>; David Starkey (2000) <i>Elizabeth</i>; <a href="#CITEREFPorter2011">Porter 2011</a> Most biographers of Catherine, Thomas Seymour, or Elizabeth refer to Catherine and Seymour tickling Elizabeth in her bed and Catherine holding down Elizabeth while her husband cut her dress into shreds. Although extant evidence does not support the notion of a fully-fledged <i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9nage_%C3%A0_trois" title="Ménage à trois">ménage à trois</a></i>, or even that Seymour's flirtation with Elizabeth led to sexual intercourse with her, <a href="/wiki/David_Starkey" title="David Starkey">David Starkey</a> has speculated as to how such behaviour would play in front of a modern panel of social workers and pediatricians (<i>Elizabeth, op.cit.</i>). Nor is it clear from contemporaneous evidence that Catherine's "pert and pretty stepdaughter", to use Starkey's description, was a wholly unwilling participant in such antics.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009286-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009286_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2009">James 2009</a>, p. 286.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2000-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2000_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStarkey2000">Starkey 2000</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaynes1740[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidYitDAAAAcAAJpgPA102_102–103]-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaynes1740[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidYitDAAAAcAAJpgPA102_102–103]_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaynes1740[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidYitDAAAAcAAJpgPA102_102–103]_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaynes1740">Haynes 1740</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YitDAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA102">102–103</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009291-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009291_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2009">James 2009</a>, p. 291.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Catherine Parr's tomb at Sudeley Castle has a plaque that says her death date is 5 September 1548. The inscription comes from a lead plate that is on her coffin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7242">"Medical Definition of Childbed Fever"</a>. <i>MedicineNet</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MedicineNet&rft.atitle=Medical+Definition+of+Childbed+Fever&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicinenet.com%2Fscript%2Fmain%2Fart.asp%3Farticlekey%3D7242&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStarkey1998">Starkey 1998</a>, pp. 94–96; jewel inventory of 116 items; pp. 434–437, wardrobe 133 items.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames2009299–300-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames2009299–300_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames2009">James 2009</a>, pp. 299–300.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877260-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877260_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDent1877">Dent 1877</a>, p. 260.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877314-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877314_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDent1877">Dent 1877</a>, p. 314.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877316-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877316_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877316_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDent1877">Dent 1877</a>, p. 316.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877320-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877320_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDent1877">Dent 1877</a>, p. 320.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDent1877181-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDent1877181_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDent1877">Dent 1877</a>, p. 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTomaini2017" class="citation book cs1">Tomaini, Thea (2017). <i>The Corpse as Text: Disinterment and Antiquarian Enquiry, 1700-1900</i>. Gloucestershire: Boydell & Brewer. p. 152. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781782049517" title="Special:BookSources/9781782049517"><bdi>9781782049517</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Corpse+as+Text%3A+Disinterment+and+Antiquarian+Enquiry%2C+1700-1900&rft.place=Gloucestershire&rft.pages=152&rft.pub=Boydell+%26+Brewer&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781782049517&rft.aulast=Tomaini&rft.aufirst=Thea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliamson201091-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliamson201091_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilliamson2010">Williamson 2010</a>, p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGittings200614-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGittings200614_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGittings2006">Gittings 2006</a>, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames199620–24-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames199620–24_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJames1996">James 1996</a>, pp. 20–24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2023/old-master-19th-century-paintings-evening-auction/portrait-of-katherine-parr-1512-1548-queen-of">"Portrait of Katherine Parr (1512–1548), Queen of England and Ireland"</a>. Sotheby's<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portrait+of+Katherine+Parr+%281512%E2%80%931548%29%2C+Queen+of+England+and+Ireland&rft.pub=Sotheby%27s&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sothebys.com%2Fen%2Fbuy%2Fauction%2F2023%2Fold-master-19th-century-paintings-evening-auction%2Fportrait-of-katherine-parr-1512-1548-queen-of&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrickland1853434-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrickland1853434_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStrickland1853">Strickland 1853</a>, p. 434.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004xvii-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStarkey2004xvii_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStarkey2004">Starkey 2004</a>, p. xvii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See generally <a href="#CITEREFJames2012">James 2012</a>; <a href="#CITEREFPorter2011">Porter 2011</a>; Porter, <i>History Today</i> 60 (4): 17–22. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historytoday.com/archive/history-today/2010/volume-60-issue-4">April 2010</a><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAusiello2009" class="citation magazine cs1">Ausiello, Michael (22 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090722234203/http://ausiellofiles.ew.com/2009/07/tudors-exclusive-joely-richardson-crowned-queen.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Tudors' exclusive: Joely Richardson crowned Queen"</a>. <i>Entertainment Weekly</i>. Ausiellofiles.ew.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ausiellofiles.ew.com/2009/07/tudors-exclusive-joely-richardson-crowned-queen.html">the original</a> on 22 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=%27Tudors%27+exclusive%3A+Joely+Richardson+crowned+Queen&rft.date=2009-07-22&rft.aulast=Ausiello&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fausiellofiles.ew.com%2F2009%2F07%2Ftudors-exclusive-joely-richardson-crowned-queen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker1994" class="citation book cs1">Baker, Denise Nowakowski (1994). <i>Julian of Norwich's Showings</i>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-03631-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-03631-4"><bdi>0-691-03631-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Julian+of+Norwich%27s+Showings&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-691-03631-4&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Denise+Nowakowski&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoutell1863" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boutell" title="Charles Boutell">Boutell, Charles</a> (1863). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/amanualheraldry00boutgoog#page/n346/mode/2up"><i>A Manual of Heraldry, Historical and Popular</i></a>. London: Winsor & Newton.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Manual+of+Heraldry%2C+Historical+and+Popular&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Winsor+%26+Newton&rft.date=1863&rft.aulast=Boutell&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Famanualheraldry00boutgoog%23page%2Fn346%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurke's_Peerage1938" class="citation book cs1"><i>Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage, and Knightage, Privy Council, and Order of Preference</i> (hardback) (96th, Coronation Honours ed.). London: Shaw Publishing, in conjunction with Burke's Peerage. 1938. p. 2416.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Burke%27s+Genealogical+and+Heraldic+History+of+the+Peerage%2C+Baronetage%2C+and+Knightage%2C+Privy+Council%2C+and+Order+of+Preference&rft.place=London&rft.pages=2416&rft.edition=96th%2C+Coronation+Honours&rft.pub=Shaw+Publishing%2C+in+conjunction+with+Burke%27s+Peerage&rft.date=1938&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDent1877" class="citation book cs1">Dent, Emma (1877). <i>Annals of Winchcombe and Sudeley</i>. London: J. Murray. p. 260.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Annals+of+Winchcombe+and+Sudeley&rft.place=London&rft.pages=260&rft.pub=J.+Murray&rft.date=1877&rft.aulast=Dent&rft.aufirst=Emma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdwards2010" class="citation web cs1">Edwards, J. Stephan (1 November 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140128001914/http://www.somegreymatter.com/meltonconstableportrait.htm">"The Melton Constable Hall or Hastings Portrait"</a>. <i>Some Grey Matter: Lady Jane Grey and Other Thoughtful Things</i>. Somegreymatter.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.somegreymatter.com/meltonconstableportrait.htm">the original</a> on 28 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Some+Grey+Matter%3A+Lady+Jane+Grey+and+Other+Thoughtful+Things&rft.atitle=The+Melton+Constable+Hall+or+Hastings+Portrait&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=J.+Stephan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.somegreymatter.com%2Fmeltonconstableportrait.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArchaeologia_Cantiana_V1863" class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/archaeologiacant05kent#page/112/mode/2up">"Family Chronicle of Richard Fogge, of Danes Court, in Tilmanstone"</a>. <i>Archaeologia Cantiana</i>. <b>V</b>. London: John E. Taylor: <span class="nowrap">112–</span>132. 1863.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archaeologia+Cantiana&rft.atitle=Family+Chronicle+of+Richard+Fogge%2C+of+Danes+Court%2C+in+Tilmanstone&rft.volume=V&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E112-%3C%2Fspan%3E132&rft.date=1863&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Farchaeologiacant05kent%23page%2F112%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrerCurwen1923" class="citation book cs1">Farrer, William; Curwen, John F., eds. (1923). "Kirkby in Kendale: 1453–1530". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=49275"><i>Records relating to the Barony of Kendale. 1</i></a>. Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society. Record series. IV. British-history.ac.uk. pp. <span class="nowrap">47–</span>62<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kirkby+in+Kendale%3A+1453%E2%80%931530&rft.btitle=Records+relating+to+the+Barony+of+Kendale.+1&rft.series=Cumberland+and+Westmorland+Antiquarian+and+Archaeological+Society.+Record+series.+IV&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E47-%3C%2Fspan%3E62&rft.pub=British-history.ac.uk&rft.date=1923&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Freport.aspx%3Fcompid%3D49275&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Antiquary_IV1873" class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433075857049;view=1up;seq=661">"Fogge"</a>. <i>The Antiquary</i>. <b>IV</b>. London: E. W. Allen: 313. 27 December 1873.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Antiquary&rft.atitle=Fogge&rft.volume=IV&rft.pages=313&rft.date=1873-12-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Dnyp.33433075857049%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D661&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGittings2006" class="citation book cs1">Gittings, Clare (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190122233440/http://scalapublishers.com/title.aspx?category=series&subcategory=&id=3478"><i>The National Portrait Gallery Book of The Tudors</i></a>. London: Scala Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85759-430-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85759-430-0"><bdi>978-1-85759-430-0</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scalapublishers.com/title.aspx?category=series&subcategory=&id=3478">the original</a> on 22 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+National+Portrait+Gallery+Book+of+The+Tudors&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Scala+Publications&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-85759-430-0&rft.aulast=Gittings&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scalapublishers.com%2Ftitle.aspx%3Fcategory%3Dseries%26subcategory%3D%26id%3D3478&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA_Handbook_for_Travellers1872" class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/ahandbookfortra02firgoog#page/n208/mode/2up"><i>A Handbook for Travellers in Gloucestershire, Worcestershire and Herefordshire</i></a> (new ed.). London: John Murray. 1872.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Handbook+for+Travellers+in+Gloucestershire%2C+Worcestershire+and+Herefordshire&rft.place=London&rft.edition=new&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1872&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fahandbookfortra02firgoog%23page%2Fn208%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHart2009" class="citation book cs1">Hart, Kelly (2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mistressesofhenr0000hart"><i>The Mistresses of Henry VIII</i></a></span> (hardback). Stroud: The History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0752448350" title="Special:BookSources/978-0752448350"><bdi>978-0752448350</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mistresses+of+Henry+VIII&rft.place=Stroud&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0752448350&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmistressesofhenr0000hart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaynes1740" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Haynes_(historian)" title="Samuel Haynes (historian)">Haynes, Samuel</a> (1740). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YitDAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA99"><i>A Collection of State Papers Relating to Affairs in the Reigns of King Henry VIII, King Edward VI, Queen Mary, and Queen Elizabeth, From the Year 1542 to 1570. Transcribed from Original Letters and Other Authentick Memorials, Never Before Publish'd, Left by William Cecill Lord Burghley...</i></a> London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Collection+of+State+Papers+Relating+to+Affairs+in+the+Reigns+of+King+Henry+VIII%2C+King+Edward+VI%2C+Queen+Mary%2C+and+Queen+Elizabeth%2C+From+the+Year+1542+to+1570.+Transcribed+from+Original+Letters+and+Other+Authentick+Memorials%2C+Never+Before+Publish%27d%2C+Left+by+William+Cecill+Lord+Burghley...&rft.place=London&rft.date=1740&rft.aulast=Haynes&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYitDAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames1996" class="citation journal cs1">James, Susan E. (January 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.burlington.org.uk/magazine/back-issues/1996/199601">"Lady Jane Grey or Queen Kateryn Parr?"</a>. <i>The Burlington Magazine</i>. <b>138</b> (1114): <span class="nowrap">20–</span>24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Burlington+Magazine&rft.atitle=Lady+Jane+Grey+or+Queen+Kateryn+Parr%3F&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1114&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E20-%3C%2Fspan%3E24&rft.date=1996-01&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Susan+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.burlington.org.uk%2Fmagazine%2Fback-issues%2F1996%2F199601&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2009" class="citation book cs1">—— (2009). <i>Catherine Parr: Henry VIII's Last Love</i> (hardback). Stroud: <a href="/wiki/The_History_Press" title="The History Press">The History Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0752445915" title="Special:BookSources/978-0752445915"><bdi>978-0752445915</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catherine+Parr%3A+Henry+VIII%27s+Last+Love&rft.place=Stroud&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0752445915&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Susan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">—— (January 2012) [2004]. "Katherine [Katherine Parr] (1512–1548)". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F4893">10.1093/ref:odnb/4893</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Katherine+%5BKatherine+Parr%5D+%281512%E2%80%931548%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2012-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F4893&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Susan+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">—— (January 2008) [2004]. "Parr, William, Baron Parr of Horton". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F58528">10.1093/ref:odnb/58528</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Parr%2C+William%2C+Baron+Parr+of+Horton&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F58528&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Susan+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_2008a" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">—— (January 2008) [2004]. "Lane [née Parr], Maud [Matilda], Lady Jane (c. 1507–1558/9), courtier". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F70800">10.1093/ref:odnb/70800</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lane+%5Bn%C3%A9e+Parr%5D%2C+Maud+%5BMatilda%5D%2C+Lady+Jane+%28c.+1507%E2%80%931558%2F9%29%2C+courtier&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F70800&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Susan+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2010" class="citation book cs1">Jones, Philippa (2010). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elizabethvirginq0000jone"><i>Elizabeth: Virgin Queen</i></a></span>. London: New Holland Publishers Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84773-515-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84773-515-7"><bdi>978-1-84773-515-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth%3A+Virgin+Queen&rft.place=London&rft.pub=New+Holland+Publishers+Ltd&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-84773-515-7&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Philippa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Felizabethvirginq0000jone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLetters_and_Papers,_Foreign_and_Domestic,_Henry_VIII" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/catalogue.aspx?type=3&gid=126">"Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII"</a>. British-history.ac.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Letters+and+Papers%2C+Foreign+and+Domestic%2C+Henry+VIII&rft.pub=British-history.ac.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Fcatalogue.aspx%3Ftype%3D3%26gid%3D126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMosley_12003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mosley_(genealogist)" title="Charles Mosley (genealogist)">Mosley, Charles</a>, ed. (2003). <i>Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage: Clan Chiefs, Scottish Feudal Barons</i>. Vol. 1 (107th ed.). Wilmington: Burke's Peerage & Gentry. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0971196621" title="Special:BookSources/0971196621"><bdi>0971196621</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Burke%27s+Peerage%2C+Baronetage+%26+Knightage%3A+Clan+Chiefs%2C+Scottish+Feudal+Barons&rft.place=Wilmington&rft.edition=107th&rft.pub=Burke%27s+Peerage+%26+Gentry&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0971196621&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholsonBurn1777" class="citation book cs1">Nicholson, Joseph; Burn, Richard (1777). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433075899884;view=1up;seq=189"><i>The History and Antiquities of the Counties of Westmoreland and Cumberland</i></a>. Vol. I. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+and+Antiquities+of+the+Counties+of+Westmoreland+and+Cumberland&rft.place=London&rft.date=1777&rft.aulast=Nicholson&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Burn%2C+Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Dnyp.33433075899884%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaget1977" class="citation book cs1">Paget, Gerald (1977). <i>Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales</i> (hardback). Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Charles Skilton Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0284400165" title="Special:BookSources/0284400165"><bdi>0284400165</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lineage+and+Ancestry+of+H.R.H.+Prince+Charles%2C+Prince+of+Wales&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Charles+Skilton+Ltd&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0284400165&rft.aulast=Paget&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMueller2011" class="citation book cs1">Parr, Katherine (2011). Mueller, Janel (ed.). <i>Katherine Parr: Complete Works and Correspondence</i> (hardback). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7208%2Fchicago%2F9780226647265.001.0001">10.7208/chicago/9780226647265.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-64724-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-64724-1"><bdi>978-0-226-64724-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Katherine+Parr%3A+Complete+Works+and+Correspondence&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7208%2Fchicago%2F9780226647265.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-226-64724-1&rft.aulast=Parr&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorter2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Linda_Porter_(historian)" title="Linda Porter (historian)">Porter, Linda</a> (2011). <i>Katherine the Queen: The Remarkable Life of Katherine Parr</i>. London: Pan Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0330460804" title="Special:BookSources/978-0330460804"><bdi>978-0330460804</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Katherine+the+Queen%3A+The+Remarkable+Life+of+Katherine+Parr&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Pan+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0330460804&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=Linda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuarto" class="citation book cs1"><i>Quarto: Abbot Hall Art Gallery Quarterly</i>. Kendal: <a href="/wiki/Abbot_Hall_Art_Gallery" title="Abbot Hall Art Gallery">Abbot Hall Art Gallery</a>. 1963.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Quarto%3A+Abbot+Hall+Art+Gallery+Quarterly&rft.place=Kendal&rft.pub=Abbot+Hall+Art+Gallery&rft.date=1963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinLarsenLevin2007" class="citation book cs1">Robin, Diana; Larsen, Anne R.; Levin, Carole (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OQ8mdTjxungC&pg=PA289"><i>Encyclopedia of women in the Renaissance: Italy, France, and England</i></a> (hardback). Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1851097722" title="Special:BookSources/978-1851097722"><bdi>978-1851097722</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+women+in+the+Renaissance%3A+Italy%2C+France%2C+and+England&rft.place=Santa+Barbara&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1851097722&rft.aulast=Robin&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.au=Larsen%2C+Anne+R.&rft.au=Levin%2C+Carole&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOQ8mdTjxungC%26pg%3DPA289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarkey2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Starkey" title="David Starkey">Starkey, David</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/reignofhenryviii0000star_h2r4/mode/2up?view=theater"><i>The Reign of Henry VIII: Personalities and Politics</i></a>. London: Vintage Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0099445104" title="Special:BookSources/978-0099445104"><bdi>978-0099445104</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Reign+of+Henry+VIII%3A+Personalities+and+Politics&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Vintage+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0099445104&rft.aulast=Starkey&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freignofhenryviii0000star_h2r4%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fview%3Dtheater&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarkey2004" class="citation book cs1">—— (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sixwivesqueensof00star"><i>Six wives: The Queens of Henry VIII</i></a></span>. New York: HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/069401043X" title="Special:BookSources/069401043X"><bdi>069401043X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Six+wives%3A+The+Queens+of+Henry+VIII&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=069401043X&rft.aulast=Starkey&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsixwivesqueensof00star&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarkey2000" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Starkey, David (presenter) (4 May 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0283332/"><i>Elizabeth</i></a> (Television production). United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Channel_Four_Television_Corporation" title="Channel Four Television Corporation">Channel Four Television Corporation</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elizabeth&rft.place=United+Kingdom&rft.pub=Channel+Four+Television+Corporation&rft.date=2000-05-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0283332%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrickland1853" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Strickland" title="Agnes Strickland">Strickland, Agnes</a> (1853). Rosalie Kaufman (ed.). <i>The Queens of England</i> (1895 ed.). Chicago: E. A. Weeks. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/462692051">462692051</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Queens+of+England&rft.place=Chicago&rft.edition=1895&rft.pub=E.+A.+Weeks&rft.date=1853&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F462692051&rft.aulast=Strickland&rft.aufirst=Agnes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarkey1998" class="citation book cs1">Ward, Philip; Hawkyard, Alasdair (1998). Starkey, David (ed.). <i>The Inventory of Henry VIII</i> (hardback). <b>1</b>: The Transcript. Studies in Medieval and Early Renaissance Art History <b>23</b>. London: Harvey Miller Publishers for the Society of Antiquaries. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1872501893" title="Special:BookSources/1872501893"><bdi>1872501893</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Inventory+of+Henry+VIII&rft.place=London&rft.series=%27%27%271%27%27%27%3A+The+Transcript.+Studies+in+Medieval+and+Early+Renaissance+Art+History+%27%27%2723%27%27%27&rft.pub=Harvey+Miller+Publishers+for+the+Society+of+Antiquaries&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1872501893&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.au=Hawkyard%2C+Alasdair&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliamson2010" class="citation book cs1">Williamson, David (2010). <i>Kings & Queens</i> (new ed.). London: National Portrait Gallery Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1855144323" title="Special:BookSources/978-1855144323"><bdi>978-1855144323</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kings+%26+Queens&rft.place=London&rft.edition=new&rft.pub=National+Portrait+Gallery+Publications&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1855144323&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">James, Susan (2009). <i>Catherine Parr: Henry VIII's Last Love</i>. Gloucestershire: The History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-752-44853-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-752-44853-4"><bdi>978-0-752-44853-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catherine+Parr%3A+Henry+VIII%27s+Last+Love&rft.place=Gloucestershire&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-752-44853-4&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Susan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Martienssen, Anthony (1973). <i>Queen Catherine Parr</i>. London: Secker & Warburg. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-436-27328-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-436-27328-4"><bdi>0-436-27328-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Queen+Catherine+Parr&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Secker+%26+Warburg&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=0-436-27328-4&rft.aulast=Martienssen&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Norton, Elizabeth (2011). <i>Catherine Parr</i>. Chalford: Amberley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1445603834" title="Special:BookSources/978-1445603834"><bdi>978-1445603834</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catherine+Parr&rft.place=Chalford&rft.pub=Amberley&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1445603834&rft.aulast=Norton&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Porter, Linda (2010). <i>Katherine the Queen: The Remarkable Life of Katherine Parr, the Last Wife of Henry VIII</i>. New York: St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-42991-830-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-42991-830-5"><bdi>978-1-42991-830-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Katherine+the+Queen%3A+The+Remarkable+Life+of+Katherine+Parr%2C+the+Last+Wife+of+Henry+VIII&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-42991-830-5&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=Linda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Withrow, Brandon (2009). <i>Katherine Parr: The Life and Thought of a Reformation Queen</i>. Phillipsburg: P&R. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59638-117-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59638-117-9"><bdi>978-1-59638-117-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Katherine+Parr%3A+The+Life+and+Thought+of+a+Reformation+Queen&rft.place=Phillipsburg&rft.pub=P%26R&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-59638-117-9&rft.aulast=Withrow&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACatherine+Parr" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Catherine_Parr" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Catherine Parr">Catherine Parr</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Parr,_Catherine" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Parr, Catherine">Parr, Catherine</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp00803">Portraits of Katherine Parr</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery, London</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192943#P1816" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/16325">Works by Catherine Parr</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #65BCFF"><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_monarchs" title="List of English monarchs">English royalty</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Howard" title="Catherine Howard">Catherine Howard</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Queen_consort_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen consort of England">Queen consort of England</a> </b><br />12 July 1543 – 28 January 1547 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a> </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Ireland_Act_1542" title="Crown of Ireland Act 1542">Crown of Ireland Act 1542</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Queen consort of Ireland </b><br />12 July 1543 – 28 January 1547 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="English,_Scottish_and_British_royal_consorts223" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_consort" title="Template:British consort"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_consort" title="Template talk:British consort"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_consort" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British consort"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="English,_Scottish_and_British_royal_consorts223" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_royal_consorts" title="List of English royal consorts">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_royal_consorts" title="List of Scottish royal consorts">Scottish</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_British_royal_consorts" title="List of British royal consorts">British</a> royal consorts</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">Royal consorts in England until 1603</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">Royal consorts in Scotland until 1603</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;padding: 0 0.5em; text-align:center;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfgifu_of_Shaftesbury" title="Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury">Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelfl%C3%A6d_of_Damerham" title="Æthelflæd of Damerham">Æthelflæd of Damerham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfgifu_(wife_of_Eadwig)" title="Ælfgifu (wife of Eadwig)">Ælfgifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfthryth_(wife_of_Edgar)" title="Ælfthryth (wife of Edgar)">Ælfthryth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfgifu_of_York" title="Ælfgifu of York">Ælfgifu of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigrid_the_Haughty" title="Sigrid the Haughty">Sigrid the Haughty</a>/<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99tos%C5%82awa" title="Świętosława">Świętosława</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ealdgyth_(wife_of_Edmund_Ironside)" title="Ealdgyth (wife of Edmund Ironside)">Ealdgyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_of_Normandy" title="Emma of Normandy">Emma of Normandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_of_Wessex" title="Edith of Wessex">Edith of Wessex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_of_Mercia" title="Edith of Mercia">Edith of Mercia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Flanders" title="Matilda of Flanders">Matilda of Flanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Scotland" title="Matilda of Scotland">Matilda of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adeliza_of_Louvain" title="Adeliza of Louvain">Adeliza of Louvain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_I,_Countess_of_Boulogne" title="Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne">Matilda of Boulogne</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Plantagenet,_Count_of_Anjou" title="Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou">Geoffrey Plantagenet</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Aquitaine" title="Eleanor of Aquitaine">Eleanor of Aquitaine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_France,_Queen_of_England_and_Hungary" title="Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary">Margaret of France</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berengaria_of_Navarre" title="Berengaria of Navarre">Berengaria of Navarre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Isabella of Angoulême">Isabella of Angoulême</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_Castile" title="Blanche of Castile">Blanche of Castile</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Provence" title="Eleanor of Provence">Eleanor of Provence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Castile" title="Eleanor of Castile">Eleanor of Castile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_France,_Queen_of_England" title="Margaret of France, Queen of England">Margaret of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_France" title="Isabella of France">Isabella of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippa_of_Hainault" title="Philippa of Hainault">Philippa of Hainault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Bohemia" title="Anne of Bohemia">Anne of Bohemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Valois" title="Isabella of Valois">Isabella of Valois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Navarre,_Queen_of_England" title="Joan of Navarre, Queen of England">Joan of Navarre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Valois" title="Catherine of Valois">Catherine of Valois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Anjou" title="Margaret of Anjou">Margaret of Anjou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Woodville" title="Elizabeth Woodville">Elizabeth Woodville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Neville" title="Anne Neville">Anne Neville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_York" title="Elizabeth of York">Elizabeth of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Aragon" title="Catherine of Aragon">Catherine of Aragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Boleyn" title="Anne Boleyn">Anne Boleyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Seymour" title="Jane Seymour">Jane Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Cleves" title="Anne of Cleves">Anne of Cleves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Howard" title="Catherine Howard">Catherine Howard</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Catherine Parr</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lord_Guildford_Dudley" title="Lord Guildford Dudley">Guildford Dudley</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding: 0 0.5em; text-align:center;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gruoch" title="Gruoch">Gruoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingibiorg_Finnsdottir" title="Ingibiorg Finnsdottir">Ingibiorg Finnsdottir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Margaret_of_Scotland" title="Saint Margaret of Scotland">Margaret of Wessex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethelreda_(daughter_of_Gospatric)" title="Ethelreda (daughter of Gospatric)">Ethelreda of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sybilla_of_Normandy" title="Sybilla of Normandy">Sybilla of Normandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maud,_Countess_of_Huntingdon" title="Maud, Countess of Huntingdon">Maud of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermengarde_de_Beaumont" title="Ermengarde de Beaumont">Ermengarde de Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_England,_Queen_of_Scotland" title="Joan of England, Queen of Scotland">Joan of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_de_Coucy" title="Marie de Coucy">Marie de Coucy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_England" title="Margaret of England">Margaret of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yolande_of_Dreux,_Queen_of_Scotland" title="Yolande of Dreux, Queen of Scotland">Yolande de Dreux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_de_Burgh" title="Elizabeth de Burgh">Elizabeth de Burgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_the_Tower" title="Joan of the Tower">Joan of the Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Drummond,_Queen_of_Scotland" title="Margaret Drummond, Queen of Scotland">Margaret Drummond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphemia_de_Ross" title="Euphemia de Ross">Euphemia de Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabella_Drummond" title="Anabella Drummond">Anabella Drummond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Beaufort,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots">Joan Beaufort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Guelders" title="Mary of Guelders">Mary of Guelders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Denmark,_Queen_of_Scotland" title="Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland">Margaret of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Tudor" title="Margaret Tudor">Margaret Tudor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_of_Valois" title="Madeleine of Valois">Madeleine of Valois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Guise" title="Mary of Guise">Mary of Guise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Stuart,_Lord_Darnley" title="Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley">Henry Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hepburn,_4th_Earl_of_Bothwell" title="James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell">James Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Royal_consorts_in_England_and_Scotland_after_the_Union_of_the_Crowns_from_160390"> <ul><li><b>Royal consorts in England and Scotland after the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Crowns" title="Union of the Crowns">Union of the Crowns</a> from 1603</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Maria_of_France" title="Henrietta Maria of France">Henrietta Maria of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Braganza" title="Catherine of Braganza">Catherine of Braganza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Modena" title="Mary of Modena">Mary of Modena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Denmark" title="Prince George of Denmark">George of Denmark and Norway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_British_royal_consorts_after_the_Acts_of_Union_170763"> <ul><li><b>British royal consorts after the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707" title="Acts of Union 1707">Acts of Union 1707</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Denmark" title="Prince George of Denmark">George of Denmark and Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_of_Ansbach" title="Caroline of Ansbach">Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" title="Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_of_Brunswick" title="Caroline of Brunswick">Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_of_Saxe-Meiningen" title="Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen">Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_of_Denmark" title="Alexandra of Denmark">Alexandra of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Teck" title="Mary of Teck">Mary of Teck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother" title="Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother">Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Philip of Greece and Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Camilla" title="Queen Camilla">Camilla Shand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Spouses of debatable or disputed rulers are in <i>italics</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192943#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2285" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192943#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2285" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192943#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000008171294X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/102846406">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/104968/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjxtp77RWXVFMrCvgjV4q">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/104045108">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82220560">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14523985d">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14523985d">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35026588">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000700867&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p06825508X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/53hklfdp43dnhlm">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810595293905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007604521205171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14794017">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/777054">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/104045108.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/104045108">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/099131404">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w60t0fvp">SNAC</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w67m3bf9">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&oldid=1276167456">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&oldid=1276167456</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catherine_Parr" title="Category:Catherine Parr">Catherine Parr</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parr_family" title="Category:Parr family">Parr family</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1510s_births" title="Category:1510s births">1510s births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1548_deaths" title="Category:1548 deaths">1548 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_Anglicans" title="Category:16th-century Anglicans">16th-century Anglicans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_English_women_writers" title="Category:16th-century English women writers">16th-century English women writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_English_writers" title="Category:16th-century English writers">16th-century English writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_English_scholars" title="Category:16th-century English scholars">16th-century English scholars</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_English_theologians" title="Category:16th-century English theologians">16th-century English theologians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_regents" title="Category:16th-century regents">16th-century regents</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_women_regents" title="Category:16th-century women regents">16th-century women regents</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_the_City_of_London" title="Category:People from the City of London">People from the City of London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Writers_from_London" title="Category:Writers from London">Writers from London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Burials_at_St_Mary%27s_Chapel,_Sudeley_Castle" title="Category:Burials at St Mary's Chapel, Sudeley Castle">Burials at St Mary's Chapel, Sudeley Castle</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Burials_in_Gloucestershire" title="Category:Burials in Gloucestershire">Burials in Gloucestershire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Converts_to_Anglicanism_from_Roman_Catholicism" title="Category:Converts to Anglicanism from Roman Catholicism">Converts to Anglicanism from Roman Catholicism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deaths_in_childbirth" title="Category:Deaths in childbirth">Deaths in childbirth</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_Anglicans" title="Category:English Anglicans">English Anglicans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_baronesses" title="Category:English baronesses">English baronesses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ladies_of_the_Privy_Chamber" title="Category:Ladies of the Privy Chamber">Ladies of the Privy Chamber</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Kendal" title="Category:People from Kendal">People from Kendal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Winchcombe" title="Category:People from Winchcombe">People from Winchcombe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Regents_of_England" title="Category:Regents of England">Regents of England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wives_of_Henry_VIII" title="Category:Wives of Henry VIII">Wives of Henry VIII</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Remarried_queens_consort" title="Category:Remarried queens consort">Remarried queens consort</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wives_of_knights" title="Category:Wives of knights">Wives of knights</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_containing_links_to_subscription-only_content" title="Category:Pages containing links to subscription-only content">Pages containing links to subscription-only content</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_October_2013" title="Category:Use British English from October 2013">Use British English from October 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_July_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from July 2020">Use dmy dates from July 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_November_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2024">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_ODNB" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LibriVox_links" title="Category:Articles with LibriVox links">Articles with LibriVox links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 February 2025, at 07:44<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Parr&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Catherine Parr</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>55 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6f5945bd9d-fxmzt","wgBackendResponseTime":132,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.248","walltime":"1.509","ppvisitednodes":{"value":11173,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":199799,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":19991,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":26,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":11,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":206987,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1333.958 1 -total"," 20.26% 270.254 1 Template:Infobox_royalty"," 20.15% 268.727 35 Template:Cite_book"," 19.94% 266.009 2 Template:Reflist"," 19.12% 255.002 1 Template:Infobox"," 13.92% 185.718 59 Template:Sfn"," 11.47% 152.969 1 Template:Plainlist"," 11.04% 147.252 4 Template:Marriage"," 8.76% 116.843 1 Template:English_consort"," 8.73% 116.485 3 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.770","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":11312869,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFA_Handbook_for_Travellers1872\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArchaeologia_Cantiana_V1863\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAshley2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAusiello2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaker1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoutell1863\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBurke\u0026#039;s_Peerage1938\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColes2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDent1877\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdwards2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFarrerCurwen1923\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFoxe\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFreeman2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGittings2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHart2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHaynes1740\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames_2008a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJones2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLehman2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLetters_and_Papers,_Foreign_and_Domestic,_Henry_VIII\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMontague2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMosley_12003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMueller1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMueller2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNicholsonBurn1777\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaget1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPender2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPorter2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFQuarto\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobinLarsenLevin2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSkinner2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStarkey1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStarkey2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStarkey2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStarkey2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStrickland1853\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Antiquary_IV1873\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTomaini2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhite2015\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFWhite2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhite2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliamson2010\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite AV media\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite ODNB\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 35,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 10,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 7,\n [\"Clarify\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Parr, Catherine\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 3,\n [\"English consort\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 13,\n [\"Infobox royalty\"] = 1,\n [\"Librivox author\"] = 1,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 4,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 1,\n [\"NPG name\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-non\"] = 1,\n [\"S-roy\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 2,\n [\"S-vac\"] = 2,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 59,\n [\"Sfnref\"] = 11,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Subscription required\"] = 2,\n [\"Use British English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikisource1911Enc\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n}\n\"\"\ntable#1 {\n}\n\"\"\ntable#1 {\n}\n\"\"\ntable#1 {\n}\n\"\"\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-5b65fffc7d-m6dcs","timestamp":"20250217074424","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Catherine Parr","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catherine_Parr","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q192943","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q192943","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-04-03T13:14:31Z","dateModified":"2025-02-17T07:44:15Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/49\/Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpg","headline":"sixth wife of Henry VIII; final queen consort of the House of Tudor"}</script> </body> </html>