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Izotz hockey - Wikipedia, entziklopedia askea.
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</button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Izena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span><b>Izena</b></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanadan_garatua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanadan_garatua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span><b>Kanadan garatua</b></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanadan_garatua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nazioarteko_hedapena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nazioarteko_hedapena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span><b>Nazioarteko hedapena</b></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nazioarteko_hedapena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Garai_profesionala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Garai_profesionala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Garai profesionala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Garai_profesionala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jokoaren_oinarriak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jokoaren_oinarriak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Jokoaren oinarriak</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Jokoaren_oinarriak-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Jokoaren oinarriak azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Jokoaren_oinarriak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oinarrizko_gaitasunak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oinarrizko_gaitasunak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Oinarrizko gaitasunak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oinarrizko_gaitasunak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jokalarien_posizio_taktikoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jokalarien_posizio_taktikoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Jokalarien posizio taktikoak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jokalarien_posizio_taktikoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arrakasta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arrakasta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Arrakasta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arrakasta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Txapelketak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Txapelketak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Txapelketak</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Txapelketak-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Txapelketak azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Txapelketak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Klubak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klubak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Klubak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klubak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mundu_mailakoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mundu_mailakoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Mundu mailakoak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mundu_mailakoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Euskal_Herriko_egoera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Euskal_Herriko_egoera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Euskal Herriko egoera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Euskal_Herriko_egoera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Euskal_taldeen_txapelketak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Euskal_taldeen_txapelketak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Euskal taldeen txapelketak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Euskal_taldeen_txapelketak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Euskal_taldeak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Euskal_taldeak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Euskal taldeak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Euskal_taldeak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emakumezkoen_izotz_hockey-a" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emakumezkoen_izotz_hockey-a"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Emakumezkoen izotz hockey-a</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emakumezkoen_izotz_hockey-a-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Izotz hockey</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 98 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-98" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">98 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yshokkie" title="Yshokkie – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Yshokkie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey_sobre_chelo" title="Hockey sobre chelo – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Hockey sobre chelo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoci%C8%9D#Īshociȝ" title="Hociȝ – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hociȝ" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="هوكي الجليد – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هوكي الجليد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%83%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="هوكى الجليد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هوكى الجليد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A4oquei_sobre_xelu" title="Ḥoquei sobre xelu – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ḥoquei sobre xelu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buz%C3%BCst%C3%BC_hokkey" title="Buzüstü hokkey – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Buzüstü hokkey" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88_%D9%87%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="بوزاوستو هاکی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بوزاوستو هاکی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Шайбалы хоккей – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Шайбалы хоккей" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eishockey" title="Eishockey – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Eishockey" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leda_r%C4%97tol%C4%ABs" title="Leda rėtolīs – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Leda rėtolīs" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B7_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Хакей з шайбай – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хакей з шайбай" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B7_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Хакей з шайбай – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хакей з шайбай" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Хокей на лед – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хокей на лед" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF" title="আইস হকি – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইস হকি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokej_na_ledu" title="Hokej na ledu – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hokej na ledu" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoquei_sobre_gel" title="Hoquei sobre gel – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hoquei sobre gel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledn%C3%AD_hokej" title="Lední hokej – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lední hokej" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Шайбăллă хоккей – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шайбăллă хоккей" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoci_i%C3%A2" title="Hoci iâ – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hoci iâ" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishockey" title="Ishockey – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ishockey" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eishockey" title="Eishockey – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eishockey" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokey%C3%AA_cemedi" title="Hokeyê cemedi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Hokeyê cemedi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%8A_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%AF_%CF%80%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Χόκεϊ επί πάγου – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χόκεϊ επί πάγου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ice hockey" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacihokeo" title="Glacihokeo – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Glacihokeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey_sobre_hielo" title="Hockey sobre hielo – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hockey sobre hielo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4%C3%A4hoki" title="Jäähoki – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jäähoki" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="هاکی روی یخ – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هاکی روی یخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4%C3%A4kiekko" title="Jääkiekko – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jääkiekko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dshockey" title="Íshockey – faroera" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Íshockey" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey_sur_glace" title="Hockey sur glace – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hockey sur glace" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iishockey" title="Iishockey – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Iishockey" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3ckey_sobre_xeo" title="Hóckey sobre xeo – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hóckey sobre xeo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%97" title="הוקי קרח – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הוקי קרח" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="आइस हॉकी – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आइस हॉकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ice hockey" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokej_na_ledu" title="Hokej na ledu – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hokej na ledu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9gkorong" title="Jégkorong – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jégkorong" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D6%83%D6%85%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BE_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%B5" title="Տափօղակով հոկեյ – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տափօղակով հոկեյ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey_super_glacie" title="Hockey super glacie – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hockey super glacie" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoki_es" title="Hoki es – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hoki es" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey_sur_glacie" title="Hockey sur glacie – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Hockey sur glacie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokeo_sur_glacio" title="Hokeo sur glacio – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hokeo sur glacio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dshokk%C3%AD" title="Íshokkí – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Íshokkí" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey_su_ghiaccio" title="Hockey su ghiaccio – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hockey su ghiaccio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9B%E3%83%83%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC" title="アイスホッケー – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイスホッケー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%98" title="ყინულის ჰოკეი – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ყინულის ჰოკეი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Шайбалы хоккей – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шайбалы хоккей" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%95%98%ED%82%A4" title="아이스하키 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아이스하키" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokiya_ser_cemed%C3%AA" title="Hokiya ser cemedê – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hokiya ser cemedê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alsulegia_glacialis" title="Alsulegia glacialis – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alsulegia glacialis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84ishockey" title="Äishockey – luxenburgera" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Äishockey" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxenburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieshockey" title="Ieshockey – limburgera" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ieshockey" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey_sun_dlacia" title="Hockey sun dlacia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Hockey sun dlacia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledo_ritulys" title="Ledo ritulys – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ledo ritulys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokejs" title="Hokejs – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hokejs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Шайбан хоккей – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шайбан хоккей" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%98_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Хокеј на мраз – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хокеј на мраз" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%90%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF" title="ഐസ് ഹോക്കി – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഐസ് ഹോക്കി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="आइस हॉकी – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आइस हॉकी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoki_ais" title="Hoki ais – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hoki ais" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A4%C3%B3quei_ne_l_carambelo" title="Ḥóquei ne l carambelo – mirandesa" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ḥóquei ne l carambelo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="आइस हकी – newarera" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="आइस हकी" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJshockey" title="IJshockey – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="IJshockey" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishockey" title="Ishockey – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ishockey" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishockey" title="Ishockey – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ishockey" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oquei_sus_gla%C3%A7" title="Oquei sus glaç – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Oquei sus glaç" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1ki_king_yelu" title="Háki king yelu – pampangera" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Háki king yelu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampangera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokej_na_lodzie" title="Hokej na lodzie – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hokej na lodzie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84_%D9%87%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%8A" title="کنگل هاکي – paxtunera" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کنگل هاکي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxtunera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3quei_no_gelo" title="Hóquei no gelo – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hóquei no gelo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hochei_pe_ghea%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Hochei pe gheață – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hochei pe gheață" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D1%81_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Хоккей с шайбой – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хоккей с шайбой" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%83%D1%81_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Муус хоккей – sakhera" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Муус хоккей" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey – eskoziera" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ice hockey" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="eskoziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokej_na_ledu" title="Hokej na ledu – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hokej na ledu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%93" title="අයිස් හොකී – sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අයිස් හොකී" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ice hockey" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%BDadov%C3%BD_hokej" title="Ľadový hokej – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ľadový hokej" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokej_na_ledu" title="Hokej na ledu – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hokej na ledu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey" title="Hockey – samoera" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Hockey" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%98_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Хокеј на леду – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хокеј на леду" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishockey" title="Ishockey – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ishockey" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajshokej" title="Ajshokej – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Ajshokej" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பனி வளைதடியாட்டம் – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பனி வளைதடியாட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%87" title="ฮอกกี้น้ำแข็ง – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮอกกี้น้ำแข็ง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buz_hokeyi" title="Buz hokeyi – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Buz hokeyi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Алкалы хоккей – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Алкалы хоккей" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%8E" title="Хокей із шайбою – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хокей із шайбою" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B3_%DB%81%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="آئس ہاکی – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آئس ہاکی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%BAc_c%C3%B4n_c%E1%BA%A7u_tr%C3%AAn_b%C4%83ng" title="Khúc côn cầu trên băng – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khúc côn cầu trên băng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ice hockey" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E7%90%83" title="冰球 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="冰球" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%96_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%99" title="אייז האקי – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אייז האקי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E7%90%83" title="冰球 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="冰球" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng-ki%C3%BB" title="Peng-kiû – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Peng-kiû" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E7%90%83" title="冰球 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="冰球" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41466#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Izotz_hockey" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eztabaida:Izotz_hockey&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida (sortu gabe) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aldatu hizkuntza aldaera" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">euskara</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ikusketak"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Izotz_hockey"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=history" title="Artikulu honen aurreko bertsioak. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresnak" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresnak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tresnak</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ekintzak </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Izotz_hockey"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=history"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Orokorra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:ZerkLotzenDuHona/Izotz_hockey" title="Orri honetaranzko esteka duten wiki orri guztien zerrenda [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Honanzko esteka duten orriak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:RecentChangesLinked/Izotz_hockey" rel="nofollow" title="Orri honetatik esteka duten orrietako azken aldaketak [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Lotutako orrietako aldaketak</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eu" title="Irudiak edo media fitxategiak igo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fitxategia igo</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:OrrialdeBereziak" title="Orri berezi guztien zerrenda [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Orri bereziak</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&oldid=9296245" title="Orriaren bertsio honetaranzko esteka iraunkorra"><span>Lotura iraunkorra</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=info" title="Orrialde honi buruzko informazio gehiago"><span>Orri honen datuak</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:CiteThisPage&page=Izotz_hockey&id=9296245&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Orri honen aipua egiteko moduari buruzko informazioa"><span>Artikulu hau aipatu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIzotz_hockey"><span>URL laburra lortu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIzotz_hockey"><span>QR kodea jaitsi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Inprimatu/esportatu </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Izotz+hockey"><span>Liburu bat sortu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Izotz_hockey&action=show-download-screen"><span>Deskargatu PDF formatuan</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&printable=yes" title="Orrialde honen bertsio inprimagarria [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Inprimatzeko bertsioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beste proiektuetan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ice_hockey" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41466" title="Datuen biltegi elementu batera lotuta [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata itema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itxura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-2-HezkuntzaPrograma" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Atari:Hezkuntza" title="Artikulu hau "Kalitatezko 2.000 artikulu 12-16 urteko ikasleentzat" proiektuaren parte da"><img alt="Artikulu hau "Kalitatezko 2.000 artikulu 12-16 urteko ikasleentzat" proiektuaren parte da" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png/19px-Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png/28px-Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png/38px-Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="794" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Face_off.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Face_off.jpg/250px-Face_off.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Face_off.jpg/375px-Face_off.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Face_off.jpg/500px-Face_off.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Jokaldi baten ikuspegi orokorra.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Madison_Square_Garden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Madison_Square_Garden.jpg/250px-Madison_Square_Garden.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Madison_Square_Garden.jpg/375px-Madison_Square_Garden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Madison_Square_Garden.jpg/500px-Madison_Square_Garden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Madison Square Garden, partidu bat hasi aurretik.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Izotz hockeya</b> sei jokalariko bi talderen artean, <a href="/wiki/Izotz-pista" title="Izotz-pista">izotz-pista</a> batean eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Irristailu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irristailu (sortu gabe)">irristailuen</a> gainean jokatzen den <a href="/wiki/Kirol" title="Kirol">kirola</a> da. Kirol honetan, jokalariek <i><a href="/wiki/Puck_(hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Puck (hockey)">puck</a></i> izeneko kautxuzko disko bat gidatu behar dute jokalekuan barrena, <i><a href="/wiki/Hockeyko_makila" title="Hockeyko makila">stick</a></i> izeneko makil luzeez baliaturik, jokaldiaren helburua aurkariaren atean diskoa sartzea izanik. Partidua amaitzean, gol gehien sartu dituen taldeak irabazten du. Partidu bakoitzak ordubete irauten du, eta hogei minututako hiru zatitan jokatzen da. Jokalari aldaketak mugagabeak dira, eta partidua gelditu gabe egiten dira. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hockey" title="Hockey">Hockeyaren</a> aldaera honen ezaugarria kirol fisikoa dela da, hau da, beren entrenamenduan eta lehiaketan kontaktu fisikoa eskatzen duen kirol bat da. Jokalariek gorputzarekin kargak egin ditzakete aurkariaren gainean <i>puck</i>aren kontrola kentzeko, eta, beraz, mota guztietako babesak izaten dituzte (kaskoa, sorbaldakoak, ukondokoak, belaunburuak, zango-babesak, eskularruak, lepo-babesa eta aho-babesa). Karga bi jokalariren arteko sorbaldako diskoaren lehia da, eskuak erabili gabe. Bien arteko lehia izan behar du diskoaren bila. </p><p>Halaber, jokorik azkarrenetako bat da, izotzaren gaineko diskoaren eta patinen marruskadura oso txikia delako, eta jokalariak mugarik gabe eta jokoa eten beharrik gabe aldatzeko aukera ematen duen kirol bakarrenetakoa delako. </p><p>XIX. mendearen amaieran asmatu zen <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanadan</a>, non kirol nazionala den. Gainera, <a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuak" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuak">Estatu Batuetan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erdialdeko_Europa" title="Erdialdeko Europa">Erdialdeko Europan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eskandinavia" title="Eskandinavia">Eskandinavian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandian</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Errusia" title="Errusia">Errusian</a> ere nahiko ezaguna da, eta klima hotzak dituzten <a href="/wiki/Ipar_hemisferio" title="Ipar hemisferio">ipar hemisferioko</a> herrialdeetako hockeyaren aldaera nagusitzat ere hartzen da. Nazioarteko zuzendaritza-organo nagusia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_Hockeyko_Nazioarteko_Federazioa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izotz Hockeyko Nazioarteko Federazioa (sortu gabe)">Izotz Hockeyko Nazioarteko Federazioa</a> da. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Montreal_Victorias_Hockey_Club_1881.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Montreal_Victorias_Hockey_Club_1881.png/172px-Montreal_Victorias_Hockey_Club_1881.png" decoding="async" width="172" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Montreal_Victorias_Hockey_Club_1881.png/258px-Montreal_Victorias_Hockey_Club_1881.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Montreal_Victorias_Hockey_Club_1881.png/343px-Montreal_Victorias_Hockey_Club_1881.png 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="637" /></a><figcaption><i>Montrealeko Victorias</i>-eko kideak 1881ean.</figcaption></figure> <p>Uste denez, izotz hockeyak garapena XVIII. eta XIX. mendeetan Britainia Handian, Irlandan eta beste leku batzuetan izan zuen, batez ere <i><a href="/wiki/Bandy" title="Bandy">bandy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hurling" title="Hurling">hurling</a></i> eta <a href="/wiki/Shinty" title="Shinty"><i>shinty</i></a> jokoetan jokatuta. Ipar Amerikako <a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse"><i>lacrosse</i></a> kirolak ere eragina izan zuen. Esan daiteke izotz-hockeyaren hasierako diseinuan eragin handiena izan zuten jokoak gaur egun <i>bandy</i> bezala ezagutzen den kirol antolatu baten forma goiztiarrak izan zirela, izotz-hockeytik bereizitako kirol bat. Joko hauek Ipar Amerikara eraman ziren eta antzeko neguko beste joko batzuetako arau informalak erabiltzen zituzten, hala nola, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shinny (sortu gabe)">shinny</a></i> eta izotzezko poloa. Geroago joko antolatu berri batean barneratu ziren, gaur egun izotz hockeya deitzen dena, arau kodifikatuekin. </p><p>1875eko martxoaren 6an, pista estaliko partida bat jokatu zen lehen aldia izan zen <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> hirian, hain zuzen, eta 1877an <a href="/w/index.php?title=McGill_Unibertsitatea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McGill Unibertsitatea (sortu gabe)">McGill Unibertsitateko</a> hainbat ikaslek erabaki zuten izotz hockeyko lehen araudia idaztea <sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Beste arau batzuen artean, talde bakoitzak pistan bederatzi jokalari izan behar zituela ezarri zen, eta pilota egurrezko <i>puck</i> karratu batek ordezkatu zuen, ondoren gaur egungo diskora aldatu zena. Erakunde horrek urte horretan sortu zuen hockeyko lehen taldea, <i>McGill University Hockey Club</i> <sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eta ondoren <i>Montreal Victorias</i>. <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordeko_Unibertsitatea" title="Oxfordeko Unibertsitatea">Oxford</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Cambridgeko_Unibertsitatea" title="Cambridgeko Unibertsitatea">Cambridgeko</a> unibertsitateek <a href="/wiki/Ingalaterra" title="Ingalaterra">Ingalaterran</a> sortu zituzten lehen taldeak garai berean. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Izena"><b>Izena</b></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Izena»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Izena"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ingalaterran, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belar_hockeya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belar hockeya (sortu gabe)">belar hockeya</a> historikoki hockey deitu izan da, eta horixe izan zen inprimatutako lehen agerpenek aipatu z utena. Hockey bezala idatzitako lehen aipamen ezaguna Richard Johnsonek egin zuen (“Michel Angelo maisua” deitzen zuten), 1772ko <i>Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education</i> liburuan, zeinaren XI. kapituluak "Hockeyaren jokoari buruzko hobekuntza berriak" zuen izenburu <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Izenari buruzko bitxikeria gisa aipatu behar da 1527ko Galwayko Estatutuak debekatu egin zuela "hokie" izeneko kirol bat, non stickekin pilota txiki bat jaurtitzea zen helburua. Hitz forma hau XVI. mendean erabiltzen zen, gaur egungo usadiotik oso urrun egon arren. </p><p>Hockeya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingalaterrako_Eduardo_III.a_erregea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingalaterrako Eduardo III.a erregea (sortu gabe)">Ingalaterrako Eduardo III.a erregearen</a> 1363ko aldarrikapen batean aipatu izanaren ustea aldarrikapenaren itzulpen modernoetan oinarritzen da. <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Austinen Hockey Elkartearen arabera, <i>puck</i> hitza <i>puc</i> <a href="/wiki/Eskoziako_gaelera" title="Eskoziako gaelera">gaeliko eskoziarretik</a> edo <i>poc</i> <a href="/wiki/Irlandako_gaelera" title="Irlandako gaelera">irlandarretik</a> dator ("bultza edo jo"). Jaurtitzaile batek bere <i>kaman</i> edo <i>hurley</i>arekin ematen dion kolpeari <i>puck</i> deitzen zaio beti.” <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kanadan_garatua"><b>Kanadan garatua</b></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanadan garatua»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Kanadan garatua"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Frederick_Arthur_Stanley.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Frederick_Arthur_Stanley.jpg/149px-Frederick_Arthur_Stanley.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Frederick_Arthur_Stanley.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Lord Stanley de Preston, <i>Stanley Cup</i>-en sortzailea.</figcaption></figure> <p>Kirolak ospe handia lortu zuen Kanada osoan. Azkar hedatu zen, eta praktikatzaile kopuru gero eta handiagoaren ondorioz, Montreal hiriak izotz hockeyko lehen txapelketa antolatu zuen 1883an, hiriko neguko Feriaren barruan. Txapelketa horren irabazlea McGill Unibertsitateko taldea izan zen. 1886ko abenduaren 8an, hiru urte lehenago txapelketan lehiatu ziren zenbait taldek <i>Kanadako Hockey Elkarte Amateurraren <sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> liga antolatu zuten, non, besteak beste, penalizazio kontzeptua (penalti) eta egungo <i>puck</i> eredua ezarri ziren. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1888an, Lord Stanley de Preston-ek, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanadako_Gobernadore_Nagusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanadako Gobernadore Nagusia (sortu gabe)">Kanadako Gobernadore Nagusi</a> berriak, Montrealgo neguko Ferian ikusle bezala parte hartu zuen, eta kirol honetaz interesatzen hasi zen. 1892an Lord Stanley de Preston-ek metalezko kopa bat eman zuen, urtero Kanadako klub amateur onenari garaikur gisa emango zitzaiona, izan ere, ez zegoen txapeldun nazional bat zehazten zuen txapelketarik. <i>Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup</i>, beranduago <i><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup" title="Stanley Cup">Stanley Cup</a></i> bezala aitortua izatera pasako zena, 1893an hasi zen antolatzen eta bere lehen txapelduna Montreal Hockey Club izan zen. 1910ean saria talde profesionalei eman zitzaien, eta gaur egun <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League"><i>National Hockey League</i>ko</a> txapeldunak irabazten duen garaikur nagusia da. <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nazioarteko_hedapena"><b>Nazioarteko hedapena</b></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Nazioarteko hedapena»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Nazioarteko hedapena"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Estatu Batuetara 1893an hedatu zen, <a href="/wiki/Yale_Unibertsitatea" title="Yale Unibertsitatea">Yaleko Unibertsitateak</a> <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Unibertsitatea" title="Johns Hopkins Unibertsitatea">Johns Hopkins Unibertsitatearen</a> aurkako lehen partida jokatu zuenean. Herrialdeko lehen txapelketa afizionatua <i>U.S. Amateur Hockey League</i> izan zen 1896an, eta lehen klub profesionala <i>Portage Lake</i> (<a href="/wiki/Houghton_konderria_(Michigan)" title="Houghton konderria (Michigan)">Houghton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>) 1902an <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Urtebete geroago lehen liga profesionala sortu zen, <i>Pro Hockey League</i>, Kanada eta Estatu Batuetako taldeek osatua. Txapelketa honetan talde bakoitzeko pistako jokalarien kopurua bederatzitik seira jaitsi zen. 1909an, hockey talderik zaharrena sortu zen: <a href="/wiki/Canadiens_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Canadiens de Montréal"><i>Canadiens de Montréal</i></a>. <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>National Hockey Association</i>, txapelketa profesional erregularra ezartzeko lehen saiakeretako bat, 1910ean sortu zen eta zazpi denboraldi iraun zuen. Aldi berean, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pacific_Coast_Hockey_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pacific Coast Hockey Association (sortu gabe)"><i>Pacific Coast Hockey Association</i></a> sortu zen, Estatu Batuetako taldeak barne hartzen zituena eta 1924ra arte iraun zuena <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 1917ko azaroaren 26ra arte ez zen sortu lehen liga profesional egonkorra, National Hockey League, <a href="/w/index.php?title=NHA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHA (sortu gabe)">NHA</a> desagertu zenetik. <sup id="cite_ref-:1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hasiera batean, Kanadako klubek bakarrik osatzen zuten, eta talde aitzindariak <i>Montreal Canadiens, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Montreal_Wanderers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montreal Wanderers (sortu gabe)">Montreal Wanderers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Senators" title="Ottawa Senators">Ottawa Senators</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quebec_Bulldogs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quebec Bulldogs (sortu gabe)">Quebec Bulldogs</a></i> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toronto_Arenas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toronto Arenas (sortu gabe)"><i>Toronto Arenas</i></a> izan ziren <sup id="cite_ref-:1_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 1924an iritsi zen Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako lehen taldea, <i>Boston Bruins</i>. <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bestalde, Europan ere kirola garatu zen, eta 1908an <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Parisen</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_Hockeyko_Nazioarteko_Federazioa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izotz Hockeyko Nazioarteko Federazioa (sortu gabe)">Izotz Hockeyko Nazioarteko Federazioa</a> sortu zen, hasiera batean <a href="/wiki/Frantzia" title="Frantzia">Frantziak</a>, Erresuma Batuak, <a href="/wiki/Belgika" title="Belgika">Belgikak</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Suitza" title="Suitza">Suitzak</a> osatua. <a href="/wiki/1920ko_Udako_Olinpiar_Jokoak" title="1920ko Udako Olinpiar Jokoak">1920ko Olinpiar Jokoetan</a>, erakunde honek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_Hockeyko_Munduko_Txapelketa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izotz Hockeyko Munduko Txapelketa (sortu gabe)">Izotz Hockeyko Munduko Txapelketa</a> antolatu zuen, eta Kanadako selekzioak irabazi zuen. 1922an, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Espainiako_Alfontso_XIII.a_erregea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espainiako Alfontso XIII.a erregea (sortu gabe)">Espainiako Alfontso XIII.a erregeak</a> Espainiako lehen izotz-pista inauguratu zuen; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_Jauregia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izotz Jauregia (sortu gabe)">Izotz Jauregia</a> zuen izena, eta Espainiako bi talderen arteko izotz hockeyko lehen partida 1923an izan zen. <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Urtebete geroago, proba <a href="/wiki/1924ko_Neguko_Olinpiar_Jokoak" title="1924ko Neguko Olinpiar Jokoak">1924ko Chamonixeko neguko lehen Olinpiar Jokoetan</a> egin zen. <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sobietar_Errepublika_Sozialisten_Batasuna" title="Sobietar Errepublika Sozialisten Batasuna">Sobietar Batasunean</a>, izotz hockeyarekin lehen kontaktua <a href="/wiki/1930eko_hamarkada" title="1930eko hamarkada">1930eko hamarkadan</a> izan zen. </p><p>XX. mendean hockeyaren maila profesionala garatu zen, Kanadak eta Sobietar Batasunak menderatutako munduko txapelketen bidez nazioartean garrantzia hartzen hasi zena. <a href="/wiki/Gerra_Hotza" title="Gerra Hotza">Gerra Hotzaren</a> tira-biraz baliatuz, bi selekzioek elkarren aurka jokatu zuten 1972an, <i>Summit Series</i> izenaz ezagutzen diren partidu batzuetan. Halaber, oihartzuna izan zuen Estatu Batuek Sobietar Batasunari <a href="/wiki/1980ko_Neguko_Olinpiar_Jokoak" title="1980ko Neguko Olinpiar Jokoak">1980ko neguko Olinpiar Jokoetan</a> lortutako garaipenak, "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_gaineko_miraria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izotz gaineko miraria (sortu gabe)">Izotz gaineko miraria</a>" bezala ezagutzen dena. Taldeen osaerari dagokionez, NHLren lehen urteetatik, taldeak jokalari kanadarrek eta estatubatuar gutxi batzuek osatzen dituzte. Baina urte batzuk geroago, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Hockey_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Hockey Association (sortu gabe)">World Hockey Association</a></i> bezalako beste txapelketa batzuek bultzatuta, talde iparramerikarrak Mendebaldeko Europatik etorritako jokalariak jasotzen hasi ziren, <a href="/wiki/Berlingo_harresia" title="Berlingo harresia">Berlingo Harresia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ekialdeko_Europa" title="Ekialdeko Europa">Ekialdeko Europa</a> eta Sobietar Batasun ohia erori ondoren. </p><p>Izotz hockeya markatu zuten beste gertaera batzuk, alde batetik, <a href="/wiki/1998ko_Neguko_Olinpiar_Jokoak" title="1998ko Neguko Olinpiar Jokoak">Naganoko 1998ko neguko Joko Olinpikoetan</a> jokalari profesionalak sartu izana izan zen, eta, beste alde batetik, NHL denboraldi oso batean geldiarazi zuen <a href="/wiki/Greba_orokor" title="Greba orokor">greba orokorra</a>, jokalari eta taldeen arteko lan-liskar baten ondorioz sortu zen greba, eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soldaten_muga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soldaten muga (sortu gabe)">soldaten muga</a> ezartzearekin amaitu zen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Garai_profesionala">Garai profesionala</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Garai profesionala»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Garai profesionala"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1902an, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pennsylvaniako_Mendebaldeko_Hockey_Liga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pennsylvaniako Mendebaldeko Hockey Liga (sortu gabe)">Pennsylvaniako Mendebaldeko Hockey Liga</a> (WPHL) izan zen profesionalak kontratatu zituen lehena. Liga Michigan eta Ontarioko taldeekin elkartu zen, erabat profesionala zen lehen liga osatzeko — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nazioarteko_Hockey_Liga_Profesionala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazioarteko Hockey Liga Profesionala (sortu gabe)">Nazioarteko Hockey Liga Profesionala</a> (IPHL) — 1904an. IPHLa 1907an desegin zen, bere jokalari handienak bertatik joan baitziren. Ordurako, hockey liga profesional batzuk Kanadan iada ari ziren (Manitoba, Ontario eta Quebeceko ligekin). </p><p>1910ean <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hockey_Elkarte_Nazionala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hockey Elkarte Nazionala (sortu gabe)">Hockey Elkarte Nazionala</a> (NHA) sortu zen Montrealen. NHAk gehiago findu zituen arauak: <i>rover</i> posizioa alde batera utzi, jokoa 20 minutuko hiru alditan banatu eta zigor txiki eta handiak sartu ziren. 1917an Hockey Liga Nazionala berrantolatu ondoren, liga Estatu Batuetara hedatu zen, 1924an Boston Bruins irabazle izan zelarik. </p><p>Hockey liga profesionalak geroago garatu ziren Europan, baina txapelketa nazionaletara doazen liga amateurrak sortu ziren. Lehenengoetako bat Suitzako <a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Liga_Nazionala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Liga Nazionala (sortu gabe)"><i>A</i> Liga Nazionala</a> izan zen, 1916an sortua. Europako liga onenen artean <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hockey_Liga_Kontinentala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hockey Liga Kontinentala (sortu gabe)">Hockey Liga Kontinentala</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Txekiar_Extraliga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Txekiar Extraliga (sortu gabe)">Txekiar Extraliga</a>, Finlandiako <a href="/wiki/SM-liiga" title="SM-liiga">SM-liiga</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suediako_Hockey_Liga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suediako Hockey Liga (sortu gabe)">Suediako Hockey Liga</a> daude. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jokoaren_oinarriak">Jokoaren oinarriak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Jokoaren oinarriak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Jokoaren oinarriak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izotz hockey-ko partidu batean, jokalariak <i><a href="/wiki/Hockeyko_makila" title="Hockeyko makila">stick-a</a></i> (makil luzea) erabiliz <a href="/wiki/Puck_(hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Puck (hockey)">puck-a</a> (kautxuzko disko beltza) kontrolatu behar du, aurkariaren atean <a href="/wiki/Gol" title="Gol">gola</a> sartzeko helburuarekin.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Norgehiagoka amaitzen denean gol gehien sartu dituen taldea izango da garailea. Jokalari bakoitzaren estatistiketan puntu bezala kontatzen dira honek sartu dituen golak eta baita asistentziak ere.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oinarrizko_gaitasunak">Oinarrizko gaitasunak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Oinarrizko gaitasunak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Oinarrizko gaitasunak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hauek dira izotz-hockeyko partida batean jarduteko behar diren oinarrizko trebetasunak: </p> <ul><li><b>Patinajea edo irristaketa:</b> Trebetasun nagusitzat jotzen da, jokalariak abiadura handian mugitzen baitira pistatik eta erritmo-aldaketa asko egiten baitituzte; beraz, erabat menderatu behar dute diskoa modurik egokienean maneiatzeko.</li> <li><b>Stickaren edo makilaren erabilera:</b> Jokalariek ezin dute makila bakarrik erabili diskoa edo pastilla mugitzeko, oinak ere erabil ditzakete, baina ohikoena bastoiaren irtengunearen bi aldeekin bultzatuz egitea da, eta ahalik eta azkarren egitea, aurkariarengan nahasmena sortzeko. Salbuespena da gola zutoinarekin ere sar daitekeela.</li> <li><b>Pasea:</b> Diskoa talde bereko jokalarien artean bidaltzea, makila erabiliz. Sestra-paseen edo aireko paseen bidez egin daiteke.</li> <li><b>Tiroa:</b> Diskoa bastoiarekin abiada handian jaurtitzeari dagokio, gol bat sartzeko asmoz. Makila altxatu gabe egin daiteke, tiro bat zehaztasun handiagoz egiteko (<i>wrist shot</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, edo propultsio eta indar gehiagorekin jaurtitzeko makila altxatuz (<i>slap shot</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><b>Checking:</b> Jokalari batek kontrarioari diskoa kentzeko duen gaitasuna da. Makilarekin egin daiteke (<i>stick checking</i>), eta hori diskoaren kontrola hartzeko, diskoa desbideratzeko edo haren desarra blokeatzeko izango litzateke. Gorputzarekin egindako karga batekin ere egin daitezke (<i>body checking</i>), kirol honetan formarik ospetsuena dena. Kontaktu fisikoa baimentzen da, baina gorputzaren goiko aldea erabiliz eta besoak zuzenean erabili gabe.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jokalarien_posizio_taktikoak">Jokalarien posizio taktikoak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Jokalarien posizio taktikoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Jokalarien posizio taktikoak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Atezaina (<i>goalie</i>):</b> Atea defendatzeaz arduratzen den jokalaria da. <i>Puck</i>-a blokeatzeko, atezainak erreflexuak, malgutasuna, azkartasuna eta gorputzeko edozein atal gorputz-babesarekin mugitzeko adinako indarra eta bizkortasuna izan behar ditu, zelaiko jokalariarena baino askoz hobeagoa. Atezaina da jokoaren edozein zatitan <i>puc</i>k-a eskuekin aukera duen bakarra, baina jokalari batek ez bezala, atezainak ezin du pista erdia baino gehiago patinatu, bestela bere taldeak zigorra jasoko du.</li> <li><b>Defendatzaileak <i>(defensemen)</i>:</b> Bi dira, eta euren zeregina aurkarien taldea defendatzea da. Horretarako, lerro berean kokatzen dira, bata eskuinean eta bestea ezkerrean, euren taldearen defentsa-gunean. Erasora igoko diren defendatzaileak egon daitezke, baina euren zeregin nagusia da aurkariak euren gunera hurbiltzea saihestea eta euren atea arriskuan jartzea.</li> <li><b>Zentrala (<i>center</i>):</b> Pistaren erdian dago, eta pistan gehien mugitzen direnetako bat da. Erasotzailea edo aurrelaria da, eta taldeko golegile nagusia izaten da, baina defentsako jokaldietan ere laguntzen du aurkariak erasoa jotzen duenean.</li> <li><b>Hegalaria (<i>wingerrak</i>):</b> Erasoko bi jokalari dira, pistako alboetan kokatuak. Azkarrak izan ohi dira, diskoa kontrolatzeko borrokatzen dute, eta beste jokalari batzuentzat erasoko jokaldiak egiteaz arduratzen dira, jokalari horiek markaketarik gabe daudenean. Pistan ezkerraldean bat eta eskuinaldean beste bat daude.</li></ul> <p>Talde bakoitzak 25 patinatzaile eta 4 atezain izan ditzake zelaian, baina NHLn 18+2 baino ez: hamabi erasoko jokalari eta sei defentsako jokalari. Talde bakoitzak erasoko (bi hegalari eta zentral bat) eta defendatzaile (bi defendatzaile) lerroak ditu, partidaren hainbat zatitan erabiltzen direnak. Ordezkapenetan mugarik ez dagoenez, entrenatzaileak nahi duen edozein unetan alda ditzake jokalariak. Jokalari berria sartu aurretik, ordezkatua aulkian eseri behar da. Ezin da taldeko sei jokalari baino gehiago egon kantxa barruan, penalizazioa jaso nahi ez badute. </p><p>Talde bakoitzak kapitain bat du, jertsean C letra daramana. Jokalari hori taldea pista barrutik zuzentzeaz arduratzen da, eta kapitain nagusi bat ez ezik, bigarren mailako beste batzuk ere badaude, nagusia ez dagoenean funtzio hori betetzen dutenak. Kapitain alternatiboak A letra darama jertsean, eta lehen kapitaina izotzean ez dagoenean aritzen da. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arrakasta">Arrakasta</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Arrakasta»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Arrakasta"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izotz hockeya garrantzi handiko kirola da iparraldeko herrialde hotzetan, hala nola <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> (Kirol Nazional gisa izendatua dago ofizialki), <a href="/wiki/Suedia" title="Suedia">Suedia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Errusia" title="Errusia">Errusia</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuak" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuak">AEBtan</a> (iparraldean oso bereziki). <a href="/wiki/Eslovakia" title="Eslovakia">Eslovakia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Txekia" title="Txekia">Txekiar Errepublika</a> eta Baltikoko estatuetan ere, garrantzi handiko kirola da. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Txapelketak">Txapelketak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Txapelketak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Txapelketak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klubak">Klubak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Klubak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Klubak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Munduko izotz hockeyko liga profesional nagusia <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> (NHL) da. Bertan, <a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuak" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuak">Estatu Batuetak</a>o eta <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>ko taldeek jokatzen dute, denboraldi erregularreko partidak jokatuz eta ondoren kanporaketak jokatuz (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Play-off&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Play-off (sortu gabe)">play-off</a>ak), non bi onenak azken fasera iristen diren <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup" title="Stanley Cup">Stanley Kopa</a> irabazi nahian. Kopa hau kirol honen historiako lehiarik zaharrena eta ospetsuena da.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Garrantzi handieneko bigarrena (eta NHLren antzeko kirol maila duen bakarra) 2008tik jokatzen den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kontinental_Hockey_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kontinental Hockey League (sortu gabe)"><i>Kontinental Hockey League</i></a> (KHL) da, gehienbat <a href="/wiki/Errusia" title="Errusia">Errusia</a>ko taldeek osatzen dutena, nahiz eta <a href="/wiki/Bielorrusia" title="Bielorrusia">Bielorrusia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Letonia" title="Letonia">Letonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Txinako_Herri_Errepublika" title="Txinako Herri Errepublika">Txinak</a> euren ordezkariak dituzten txapelketan. NHLn bezala, KHLk fase erregular bat eta play-offetako beste bat ditu. Fase horretan, bi finalistek 7 partidarik onenari irabazi nahi diote <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gagarin_Kopa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gagarin Kopa (sortu gabe)">Gagarin Kopa</a>. Kopa horrek, denbora gutxi daraman arren, errespetua eta ospea irabazi ditu kirol honetan.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bigarren mailan (eta NHLren eta KHLren maila lehiakor eta logistikotik urrun), <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>ko gainerako ligak daude, nahiz eta hauek ere izaera profesionaleko ligak diren, <a href="/wiki/Suedia" title="Suedia">Suedia</a>koak (Svenska hockeyligan), <a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandia</a>koak (<a href="/wiki/SM-liiga" title="SM-liiga">SM-Liiga</a>), <a href="/wiki/Txekia" title="Txekia">Txekiar Errepublikakoak</a> (Extraliga), <a href="/wiki/Suitza" title="Suitza">Suitza</a>koak (National League) eta <a href="/wiki/Alemania" title="Alemania">Alemania</a>koak (Eishockey Liga) bezala. Maila baxuagoan daude, nahiz eta profesionalak izan, <a href="/wiki/Danimarka" title="Danimarka">Danimarka</a> (Metal Ligaen), <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> (Ice Hockey League), <a href="/wiki/Bielorrusia" title="Bielorrusia">Bielorrusia</a> (Extraleague), <a href="/wiki/Frantzia" title="Frantzia">Frantzia</a> (Ligue Magnus), <a href="/wiki/Norvegia" title="Norvegia">Norvegia</a> (GET-ligaen), <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a> (Hokej Liga), <a href="/wiki/Eslovakia" title="Eslovakia">Eslovakia</a> (Tipsport Liga) eta <a href="/wiki/Britainia_Handia" title="Britainia Handia">Britainia Handia</a> (Elite Ice Hockey League). </p><p>Gaztelaniaz hitz egiten duten herrialdeetan, izotz-hockeyko lehiaketarik ez dago, eta ia ez da egiten, ez baitago garatzeko agertokirik, gaztelaniaz hitz egiten duten herrialde gehienak <a href="/wiki/Klima_tropikal" title="Klima tropikal">klima tropikal</a>etan baitaude. <a href="/wiki/Mexiko" title="Mexiko">Mexiko</a> da kirol honetan liga bat duen <a href="/wiki/Latinoamerika" title="Latinoamerika">Latinoamerika</a>ko herrialde bakarra, nahiz eta modu erdi-profesionalean Mexikoko Hockey Liga izan. <a href="/wiki/Espainia" title="Espainia">Espainia</a>n maila ertaineko txapelketa bat dago, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Espainiako_Izotz_Hockeyko_Superliga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espainiako Izotz Hockeyko Superliga (sortu gabe)">Espainiako Izotz Hockeyko Superliga</a>. </p><p>2008an jarri zen abian Europako Champions Hockey League, eta bertan Europako liga profesionaletako txapeldunak lehiatu ziren. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz-hockeyko_Nazioarteko_Federazioak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izotz-hockeyko Nazioarteko Federazioak (sortu gabe)">Izotz-hockeyko Nazioarteko Federazioak</a> (IIHF) antolatzen zuen txapelketa, eta denboraldi bakarra jokatu zen, 2009an babeslerik gabe geratu baitzen. 2014an txapelketa berpiztu egin zen, eta orain arte <a href="/wiki/Suedia" title="Suedia">Suedia</a>ko taldeak nagusi izan dira, baina kontuan hasrtu behar da KHLkoek ez dutela parte hartu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mundu_mailakoak">Mundu mailakoak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Mundu mailakoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Mundu mailakoak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Maila profesionalean berriz, honako txapelketak hauek dira aipagarrienak: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> (NHL). <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuak" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuak">AEBtako</a> liga profesionala, munduko garrantzitsuena.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kontinental_Hockey_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kontinental Hockey League (sortu gabe)">Kontinental Hockey League</a> (KHL). <a href="/wiki/Errusia" title="Errusia">Errusian</a> jokatzen da <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008tik</a>. Bigarrena garrantzian.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Euskal_Herriko_egoera">Euskal Herriko egoera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Euskal Herriko egoera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Euskal Herriko egoera"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Txuri_Urdin_IHT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Txuri_Urdin_IHT.png/220px-Txuri_Urdin_IHT.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Txuri_Urdin_IHT.png/330px-Txuri_Urdin_IHT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Txuri_Urdin_IHT.png/440px-Txuri_Urdin_IHT.png 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Txuri_Urdin_izotz_jauregia" title="Txuri Urdin izotz jauregia">Txuri Urdin izotz jauregia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Euskal Herriko egoera aztertuz gero, gaur egun, hiru izotz hockey talde profesional daude: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gasteizko_Hockey_kluba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gasteizko Hockey kluba (sortu gabe)">Gasteizko Hockey kluba</a>, Donostiako <a href="/wiki/Txuri_Urdin_IHT" title="Txuri Urdin IHT">Txuri Urdin IHT</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angeluko_Hormadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angeluko Hormadi (sortu gabe)">Angeluko Hormadi</a>. Lehenengo taldeak bakarrik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Espainiako_Superliga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espainiako Superliga (sortu gabe)">Espainiako Superligan</a> jarduten du, Espainiako Superligaren sortzaileetako bat izanda, Espainiako lehiaketetan titulu gehien dituen klubetako bat da. </p><p>Gainera, <a href="/wiki/Euskal_Herriko_izotz_hockey_selekzioa" title="Euskal Herriko izotz hockey selekzioa">Euskal Herriko izotz hockey selekzioa</a> dago, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Negu_Kiroletako_Euskal_Federakuntza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Negu Kiroletako Euskal Federakuntza (sortu gabe)">Negu Kiroletako Euskal Federakuntzak</a> 2008an sortu zuen, Euskal Herriaren naziotasuna aldarrikatu eta txapelketa ofizialetan Euskal Herria ordezkatzeko talde bat izateko asmoz. Ez da <a href="/wiki/Nazioarteko_Izotz_Hockey_Federazioa" title="Nazioarteko Izotz Hockey Federazioa">IIHF</a>k onartua, beraz lagun arteko partidak baino ez ditu jokatzen. </p><p>Gaur egun, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euskal_Hockey_Federazioa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euskal Hockey Federazioa (sortu gabe)">Euskal Hockey Federazioaren</a> esku dago izotz hockeya, Euskal Herriko sustapena eta lehiaketak antolatzen dituena. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Euskal_taldeen_txapelketak">Euskal taldeen txapelketak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Euskal taldeen txapelketak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Euskal taldeen txapelketak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Euskal taldeak Frantziako zein Espainiako txapelketatan aritzen dira: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Espainiako_Izotz_Hockey_Superliga" class="mw-redirect" title="Espainiako Izotz Hockey Superliga">Espainiako Izotz Hockey Superliga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espainiako_Izotz_Hockey_Errege_Kopa" title="Espainiako Izotz Hockey Errege Kopa">Espainiako Izotz Hockey Errege Kopa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frantziako_Izotz_Hockey_Liga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frantziako Izotz Hockey Liga (sortu gabe)">Frantziako Izotz Hockey Liga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frantziako_Izotz_Hockey_Kopa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frantziako Izotz Hockey Kopa (sortu gabe)">Frantziako Izotz Hockey Kopa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Euskal_taldeak">Euskal taldeak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Euskal taldeak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Euskal taldeak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Ice_Hockey_FC_Barcelona_Palau_de_Gel_Catalonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Ice_Hockey_FC_Barcelona_Palau_de_Gel_Catalonia.jpg/189px-Ice_Hockey_FC_Barcelona_Palau_de_Gel_Catalonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="189" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Ice_Hockey_FC_Barcelona_Palau_de_Gel_Catalonia.jpg/284px-Ice_Hockey_FC_Barcelona_Palau_de_Gel_Catalonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Ice_Hockey_FC_Barcelona_Palau_de_Gel_Catalonia.jpg/378px-Ice_Hockey_FC_Barcelona_Palau_de_Gel_Catalonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1164" data-file-height="624" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hormadi_Elite" title="Hormadi Elite">Hormadi Elite</a> eta <a href="/wiki/FC_Barcelona_(izotz_hockeya)" title="FC Barcelona (izotz hockeya)">FC Barcelonaren</a> arteko partida.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Araban: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gasteiz_IHT" title="Gasteiz IHT">Gasteiz IHT</a> (1977-2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumendi_Kirol_Elkartea" title="Sumendi Kirol Elkartea">Sumendi KE</a> (2008- )</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/CD_Hielo_Bipolo" title="CD Hielo Bipolo">CD Hielo Bipolo</a> (2012-)</b></li></ul></li> <li>Bizkaian: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nogaro_Bilbao" title="Nogaro Bilbao">Nogaro Bilbao</a> (1974-1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CH_Casco_Viejo_Bilbao" title="CH Casco Viejo Bilbao">CH Casco Viejo Bilbao</a> (1975-1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugalete_IHT" title="Portugalete IHT">Portugalete IHT</a> (1970 hamarkada)</li></ul></li> <li>Gipuzkoan: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Real_Sociedad_(izotz_hockeya)" title="Real Sociedad (izotz hockeya)">Real Sociedad</a> (1972-1976)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Txuri_Urdin_IHT" title="Txuri Urdin IHT">Txuri Urdin IHT</a> (1972- )</b></li></ul></li> <li>Lapurdin: <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Hormadi_Elite" title="Hormadi Elite">Hormadi Elite</a> (1969- )</b></li></ul></li> <li>Nafarroan: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uharte_Izotz_Taldea" title="Uharte Izotz Taldea">Uharte IT</a> (2015- )</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emakumezkoen_izotz_hockey-a">Emakumezkoen izotz hockey-a</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Emakumezkoen izotz hockey-a»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Emakumezkoen izotz hockey-a"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izotz-hockeya <a href="/wiki/1890eko_hamarkada" title="1890eko hamarkada">1890eko hamarkadan</a> sortu zen, Lady Isabel Stanley (Lord Stanley de Prestonen alaba) bezalako jokalarien eskutik. XX. mendearen hasieran, zenbait emakume-talde sortu ziren, baina garai hartan emakumeak behartuta zeuden gonekin jokatzera. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>an, Lady Isabelek trofeo bat eman zuen: Lady Meredith Cup. Sari hori hockeyko talde onenari emango litzaioke. Hockeyko emakumeen hazkuntza hamarkada askotan geldirik egon zen arren, gaur egun garapen handia izan du. </p><p>Izotz-hockeya gero eta ezagunagoa da emakume gazteen artean, bereziki Kanadan eta AEBn. Badira zenbait liga, hala nola <i>Canadian Women's Hockey League</i><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (CWHL) eta <i>Western Women's Hockey League</i><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (WWHL), nahiz eta hauek ez duten NHL adinako garrantzia. Izotz-hockeyko Nazioarteko Federazioak emakumezkoen hockeya aintzatesten du. Munduko bederatzi emakume-txapelketa antolatu dira dagoeneko, eta Neguko Joko Olinpikoetako parte da Naganoko 1998ko <a href="/wiki/Olinpiar_Jokoak" title="Olinpiar Jokoak">Joko Olinpiko</a>etatik. </p><p>2010eko abuztuan, NHLk atariko elkarrizketak hasi zituen kirol horretako arduradun nagusiekin, NHLk lagundutako Emakumezkoen Liga sortzeko. Gizonezkoen talde profesional batekin jokatu zuen lehen emakumea Manon Rhéaume izan zen, eta 1992an <i>Tampa Bay Lightning</i> <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> taldearen lagunarteko partida batean aritu zen, 2003an Hayley Wickenheiser-ek <i>HC Salamat</i>-ekin jokatu zuen Finlandiako bigarren dibisioan, gizonezkoen kategoria profesionalean. </p><p>Gizonezkoen hockeyarekiko arauen arteko alde nagusia da, emakumezkoen bertsioan, <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a>etik ez dagoela baimenduta gorputzarekin egindako karga (<i>bodychecking</i>) <i>puck</i>aren kontrola kentzeko. <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1990eko munduko txapelketen ondoren, karga horiek defendatu egin dira, Kanadako eta Amerikako jokalariek beste herrialde batzuekin duten alde fisiko handiegia dela eta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><b>c</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111118191748/http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/hockey/024002-119.01-f.php?hockey_id_nbr=4&PHPSESSID=gp7e4g5opnf9ihusq2201jv951">«Affichage du document - Regard sur le hockey - Bibliothèque et Archives Canada»</a> <i>web.archive.org</i> 2011-11-18 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-03-31)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">«Sporting Heritage is Found». <i>Cambridge Evening News</i> (2003ko uztailaren 26a).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Gidén, Carl; Houda, Patrick; Martel, Jean-Patrice (2014). <i>On the Origin of Hockey</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230123144112/https://books.google.com/books?id=sUaHBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT218#v=onepage&q&f=false">«Guinness World Records 2015 - Guinness World Records - Google Books»</a> <i>web.archive.org</i> 2023-01-23 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-03-31)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFJoyce1910">Joyce, p w.  (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.32940"><i>English As We Speak It In Ireland. </i></a> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-03-31)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">«The Dominion Association». <i>Montreal Gazette</i> (1886ko abenduaren 23a).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hhof.com/HonouredMembers/MemberDetails.html?type=%20Player&mem=P196901%20&list=ByName">«HHOF | Honoured Members»</a> <i>Hockey Hall of Fame</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-03-31)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canadaka.net/modules.php?name=Famous_Canadians&action=viewperson&person=93">«Lord Stanley of Preston Biography - Famous Canadians - CKA»</a> <i>Canadaka.net</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-03-31)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Copper Country Hockey History (ed.). «Members of the First Professional Portage Lake Ice Hockey Teams Houghton, Michigan» (en inglés). 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href="https://www.nhl.com/bruins/team/history">«Boston Bruins History»</a> <i>Boston Bruins</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-03-31)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mideporte.top/hockey-sobre-hielo/origen-hockey-hielo/">«El origen del hockey sobre hielo»</a> <i>mideporte.top</i> 2022-01-26 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-03-31)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090323022731/http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/programme/index_uk.asp?SportCode=IH">«INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE - SPORTS»</a> <i>web.archive.org</i> 2009-03-23 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-03-31)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/sports/ice-hockey">«ice hockey | History, Rules, & Equipment»</a> <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2019-10-11)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"> (PDF) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhl.com/nhl/en/v3/ext/rules/2018-2019-NHL-rulebook.pdf"><i>National Hockey League Official Rules. </i></a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> </span> <span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=obIvQC8h4y8"><i>Hockey Shot: The Wrist Shot. </i></a> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-04-04)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> </span> <span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Js6_WAS-Ay4"><i>Science of Hockey: Slap Shot. </i></a> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-04-04)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hhof.com/HonouredMembers/MemberDetails.html?type=%20Player&mem=P196901%20&list=ByName">«HHOF | Honoured Members»</a> <i>Hockey Hall of Fame</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-04-04)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"> <a class="external text" href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liga_Continental_de_Hockey&oldid=150043655"><i>Liga Continental de Hockey. 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text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_Women%27s_Hockey_League&oldid=1055484951"><i>Western Women's Hockey League. </i></a> 2021-11-16 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-05-09)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whockey.com/profile/canada/rheaume.html">«Manon Rheaume»</a> <i>www.whockey.com</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-04-04)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091201205402/http://www.talkicehockey.co.uk/guides/ice_hockey_penalties.html">«Ice Hockey Penalties»</a> <i>web.archive.org</i> 2009-12-01 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-04-04)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a class="external text" href="https://es.wikinews.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Hockey_sobre_hielo">«Categoría:Hockey sobre hielo - Wikinoticias»</a> <i>es.wikinews.org</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-04-04)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotz_hockey&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" 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/></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41466" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q41466">Q41466</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ice_hockey">Ice hockey</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q41466%22">Q41466</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11971293x">11971293x</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11971293x">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4014106-8">4014106-8</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85061326">sh85061326</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00560120">00560120</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph115102">ph115102</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Architecture_Thesaurus" title="Art & Architecture Thesaurus">AAT</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&logic=AND&note=&subjectid=300222778">300222778</a></span></li> <li><b>Hiztegiak eta entziklopediak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclopedia_Aragonesa" title="Gran Enciclopedia Aragonesa">GEA</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopedia-aragonesa.com/voz.asp?voz_id=6860">6860</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/sports/ice-hockey">url</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41466" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q41466">Q41466</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ice_hockey">Ice hockey</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q41466%22">Q41466</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7649cfcddd‐7bhgn Cached time: 20241127121835 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.475 seconds Real time usage: 0.976 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 11789/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 57171/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 16909/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 9/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip 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