Alternative Fuels Data Center: Flexible Fuel Vehicles

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href="/fuels">Fuels & <span class="primary-nav-break">Vehicles</span></a> » <a href="/fuels/ethanol">Ethanol</a></div> </div> <div class="span6 last"> <ul id="utilities"> <li id="print" class="hidden-phone hidden-tablet"><a href="#printable"><i class="icon-eere-utility-print"></i>Printable Version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span4 hidden-print"> <div class="accordion plus-minus-accordion plus-minus-accordion-grey hidden-print" id="left_nav_accordion"> <div class="accordion-group"> <div class="accordion-heading visible-phone collapsed"> <a href="#left_nav" class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse"> <span class="accordion-hidden-expanded"> <i class="icon-eere-accordion-plus-grey"></i> </span> <span class="accordion-visible-expanded"> <i class="icon-eere-accordion-minus-grey"></i> </span> More in this section... </a> </div> <div id="left_nav" class="accordion-body collapse-phone"> <ul><li><a href="/fuels/ethanol-fuel-basics">Ethanol Basics</a></li><li><a href="/fuels/ethanol-benefits">Benefits & Considerations</a></li><li><a href="/fuels/ethanol-stations">Stations</a></li><li class="selected active-leaf"><a class="selected" href="/vehicles/flexible-fuel">Vehicles</a><ul><li><a href="/vehicles/flexible-fuel-availability">Availability</a></li><li><a href="/vehicles/flexible-fuel-emissions">Emissions</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/fuels/laws/ETH">Laws & Incentives</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="span13" id="main_content">  <h1>Flexible Fuel Vehicles</h1>  <div class="callout how_does_it_work_callout"> <a href="/vehicles/how-do-flexible-fuel-cars-work"><img src="/vite/assets/flexfuel-hiw-CkqKh_MP.png" style="margin:0;display:block;border:0;"></a> </div>  <p>Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) have an internal combustion engine and are capable of operating on gasoline and any blend of gasoline and ethanol up to 83%. <a href="/fuels/ethanol-e85">E85</a> (or flex fuel) is a gasoline-ethanol blend containing 51% to 83% ethanol, depending on geography and season. According to Experian, as of 2022, there were more than 20.9 million FFVs in the United States. Because FFVs are factory made and capable of operating on gasoline and gasoline-ethanol blends, many vehicle owners do not realize their car is an FFV and that they have a choice of fuels to use. Visit <a href="https://fueleconomy.gov/">Fueleconomy.gov</a> to learn how to <a href="https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/flextech.shtml">identify an FFV</a> or use the Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Search to find <a href="/vehicles/search/results?view_mode=grid&search_field=vehicle&search_dir=desc&per_page=8&current=true&display_length=25&fuel_id=11,-1&all_categories=y&manufacturer_id=365,377,211,235,410,215,223,225,379,219,213,209,351,385,275,424,361,387,243,227,239,425,263,217,391,349,381,383,237,221,347,395,-1">current FFV models</a>. Recent changes to Corporate Average Fuel Economy credits for FFVs have resulted in reduced availability of FFVs.</p> <p>Other than an ethanol-compatible fuel system and a different powertrain calibration, FFVs are similar to their conventional gasoline-only counterparts. While fuel economy (miles per gallon) is generally lower with increased levels of ethanol (engines are optimized for gasoline), many FFVs have improved acceleration performance when operating on higher ethanol blends. For additional information on the fuel economy and performance of FFVs, see <a href="https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/pdfs/ORNL_High_Octane_Legacy_Vehicles_Report(final).pdf">Effects of High-Octane Ethanol Blends on Four Legacy Flex-Fuel Vehicles, and a Turbocharged GDI Vehicle</a>.</p> <p>For fleets that have to comply with federal acquisition regulations, FFVs are considered alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) under the <a href="/laws/key_legislation#epact92">Energy Policy Act of 1992</a>.</p>  <h2>Related Information</h2> <button class="related_information" onclick="document.location.href='/vehicles/flexible-fuel-availability'">Availability</button> <button class="related_information" onclick="document.location.href='/vehicles/flexible-fuel-emissions'">Emissions</button> <button class="related_information related_information_last" onclick="document.location.href='/fuels/laws/ETH'">Laws & Incentives</button>   </div> <div class="span7"> <div class="accordion plus-minus-accordion hidden-print" id="related_accordion"> <div class="accordion-group"> <h5 class="accordion-heading collapsed"> <a href="#related_maps_data" class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#related_accordion"><i class="icon-eere-accordion-plus accordion-hidden-expanded"></i><i class="icon-eere-accordion-minus accordion-visible-expanded"></i> Maps & Data</a> </h5> <div id="related_maps_data" class="accordion-body collapse"> <div class="accordion-inner"> <div id="related_maps_data_carousel" class="carousel"> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="item active"> <div class="title-container"><a href="/data/10304"> AFV and HEV Model Offerings, by Manufacturer</a></div> <div class="img-container"> <a href="/data/10304"><img src="/files/u/data/thumbnail/10304/generated_thumb20240611-283-xz2z8d.png?081e9d0bd7" alt="AFV and HEV Model Offerings, by Manufacturer" /></a> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <div class="title-container"><a href="/data/10581"> Clean Cities and Communities Alternative Fuel Vehicle Inventory</a></div> <div class="img-container"> <a href="/data/10581"><img src="/files/u/data/thumbnail/10581/generated_thumb20240220-535-rpov4j.png?7ac8825b4c" alt="Clean Cities and Communities Alternative Fuel Vehicle Inventory" /></a> </div> </div> </div> <a class="carousel-control left" href="#related_maps_data_carousel" data-slide="prev"><i class="icon-eere-arrow-left"></i></a> <a class="carousel-control right" href="#related_maps_data_carousel" data-slide="next"><i class="icon-eere-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> <p class="related-accordion-more"><a href="/data/keyword/ethanol">More Ethanol Data</a> | <a href="/data">All Maps & Data</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-group"> <h5 class="accordion-heading collapsed"> <a href="#related_case_studies" class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#related_accordion"><i class="icon-eere-accordion-plus accordion-hidden-expanded"></i><i class="icon-eere-accordion-minus accordion-visible-expanded"></i> Case Studies</a> </h5> <div id="related_case_studies" class="accordion-body collapse"> <div class="accordion-inner"> <ul> <li><a href="/case/2670"><span><i class="icon-eere-web story"></i></span><span>Municipality with a Mission: Georgia Fleet Commits to Alternative Fuels for the Long Haul</span></a></li> <li><a href="/case/1082"><span><i class="icon-eere-web story"></i></span><span>Green Fueling Station Powers Fleets in Upstate New York</span></a></li> <li><a href="/case/663"><span><i class="icon-eere-video"></i></span><span>Idaho County Employs FFVs and Idle Reduction</span></a></li> </ul> <p class="related-accordion-more"><a href="/case/search?keyword=Ethanol">More Ethanol Case Studies</a> | <a href="/case">All Case Studies</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-group"> <h5 class="accordion-heading expanded"> <a href="#related_publications" class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#related_accordion"><i class="icon-eere-accordion-plus accordion-hidden-expanded"></i><i class="icon-eere-accordion-minus accordion-visible-expanded"></i> Publications</a> </h5> <div id="related_publications" class="accordion-body collapse in"> <div class="accordion-inner"> <ul> <li><a href="https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/search/download.pdf?year=2025"><span><i class="icon-eere-brochure"></i></span><span>Model Year 2025: Alternative Fuel and Advanced Technology Vehicles</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/search/download.pdf?year=2024"><span><i class="icon-eere-brochure"></i></span><span>Model Year 2024: Alternative Fuel and Advanced Technology Vehicles</span></a></li> <li><a href="/files/u/publication/e15_infrastructure.pdf?92f2a3a94a"><span><i class="icon-eere-report"></i></span><span>E15 and Infrastructure</span></a></li> </ul> <p class="related-accordion-more"><a href="/publications?tags[]=ethanol">More Ethanol Publications</a> | <a href="/publications/">All Publications</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-group"> <h5 class="accordion-heading collapsed"> <a href="#related_tools" class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#related_accordion"><i class="icon-eere-accordion-plus accordion-hidden-expanded"></i><i class="icon-eere-accordion-minus accordion-visible-expanded"></i> Tools</a> </h5> <div id="related_tools" class="accordion-body collapse"> <div class="accordion-inner"> <ul> <li><a href="/vehicles/search/"><span><i class="icon-eere-search"></i></span><span>Vehicle Search</span></a></li> <li><a href="/transatlas/"><span><i class="icon-eere-map"></i></span><span>TransAtlas</span></a></li> </ul> <p class="related-accordion-more"><a href="/tools">All Tools</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget_frame_surround" style="height:372px;"> <iframe src="/widget/calc/Flex Fuel/" style="height:372px;width:250px;padding:0;margin:0;" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" ></iframe> </div> </div> </div> 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Alternative Fuels Data Center: Flexible Fuel Vehicles