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Al-Balhan</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Eisa Al-Balhan"> <meta name="keywords" content="Eisa Al-Balhan"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Eisa Al-Balhan"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 14</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Eisa Al-Balhan</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Saudi Arabia and the Yemen War: A Fruitless Struggle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Dashtgerd">Majid Dashtgerd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20Moradi%20Afrapoli"> Eisa Moradi Afrapoli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The “Yemen War” is one of the longest wars of the recent century, which was launched on 26 March 2015 after the Saudi Arabia-led alliance's military intervention in Yemen. The war began with the aim of fighting Yemen's Houthis and preventing Iranian influence in the region, and Saudi leaders expected a quick victory; However, the “Yemen War” lasted about seven years and is still going on (May 2022), and Saudi Arabia has not been able to achieve its strategic objectives. This study seeks to examine some of the most important reasons for Saudi Arabia's protracted war and failure in Yemen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yemen%20war" title=" yemen war"> yemen war</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=houthis" title=" houthis"> houthis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151006/saudi-arabia-and-the-yemen-war-a-fruitless-struggle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> A Cost-Effective Evaluation of Proper Control Process of Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ghobadi">Ali Ghobadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20Bakhoda"> Eisa Bakhoda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20R.%20Javdan"> Hamid R. Javdan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the key factors in air cooled heat exchangers operation is the proper control of process stream outlet temperature. In this study, performances of two different air cooled heat exchangers have been considered, one of them condenses Propane and the other one cools LPG streams. In order to predict operation of these air coolers at different operating conditions. The results of simulations were applied for both economical evaluations and operational considerations for using convenient air cooler control system. In this paper, using On-Off fans method and installing variable speed drivers have been studied. Finally, the appropriate methods for controlling outlet temperature of process fluid streams as well as saving energy consumption were proposed. Using On-Off method for controlling studied Propane condenser by multiple fans is proper; while controlling LPG air cooler with lesser fans by means of two variable speed drivers is economically convenient. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20cooled%20heat%20exchanger" title="air cooled heat exchanger">air cooled heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economical%20evaluation" title=" economical evaluation"> economical evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20control" title=" process control"> process control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30730/a-cost-effective-evaluation-of-proper-control-process-of-air-cooled-heat-exchanger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> The Learning Styles Approach to Math Instruction: Improving Math Achievement and Motivation among Low Achievers in Kuwaiti Elementary Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20M.%20Al-Balhan">Eisa M. Al-Balhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamdouh%20M.%20Soliman"> Mamdouh M. Soliman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study introduced learning styles techniques into mathematics teaching to improve mathematics achievement and motivation among Kuwaiti fourth- and fifth-grade low achievers. The study consisted of two groups. The control group (N = 212) received traditional math tutoring based on a textbook and the tutor’s knowledge of math. The experimental group (N = 209) received math tutoring from instructors trained in the Learning Style™ approach. Three instruments were used: Motivation Scale towards Mathematics; Achievement in Mathematics Test; and the manual of learning style approach indicating the individual’s preferred learning style: AKV, AVK, KAV, KVA, VAK, or VKA. The participating teachers taught to the detected learning style of each student or group. The findings show significant improvement in achievement and motivation towards mathematics in the experimental group. The outcome offers information to variables affecting achievement and motivation towards mathematics and demonstrates the leading role of Kuwait in education within the region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elementary%20school" title="elementary school">elementary school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20style" title=" learning style"> learning style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=math%20low%20achievers" title=" math low achievers"> math low achievers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SmartWired%E2%84%A2" title=" SmartWired™"> SmartWired™</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=math%20instruction" title=" math instruction"> math instruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158887/the-learning-styles-approach-to-math-instruction-improving-math-achievement-and-motivation-among-low-achievers-in-kuwaiti-elementary-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158887.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Numerical Investigation of Geotextile Application in Clay Reinforcement in ABAQUS Software</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Abolhasan%20Naeini">Seyed Abolhasan Naeini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20Aliagahei"> Eisa Aliagahei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, the use of geosynthetic materials in geotechnical activities is increasing significantly. One of the main uses of these materials is to increase the compressive strength of clay reinforced by geotextile layers. In the present study, the effect of clay reinforcement by geotextile layers in increasing the compressive strength of clay has been investigated using modeling in ABAQUS 6.11.3 software. For this purpose, the modified Drager Prager model has been chosen to simulate the stress-strain behavior of soil layers and the linear elastic model for the geotextile layer. Unreinforced samples and reinforced samples are modeled by geotextile layers (1, 2 and 3 geotextile layers) by software. In order to validate the results, an article in the same field was used and the numerical modeling results were calibrated with the laboratory results. Based on the obtained results, the software has a suitable capability for modeling and the results of the numerical model overlap with the laboratory results to a very acceptable extent, by increasing the number of geotextile layers, the error between the results of the laboratory sample and the software model increases. The highest amount of error is related to the sample reinforced with three layers of geotextile and is 7.3%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abaqus" title="Abaqus">Abaqus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cap%20model" title=" cap model"> cap model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay" title=" clay"> clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotextile%20layer" title=" geotextile layer"> geotextile layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20soil" title=" reinforced soil"> reinforced soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155704/numerical-investigation-of-geotextile-application-in-clay-reinforcement-in-abaqus-software" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Universiti Sains Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20A.%20Alsafran">Eisa A. Alsafran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20T.%20Edum-Fotwe"> Francis T. Edum-Fotwe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wayne%20E.%20Lord"> Wayne E. Lord</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The degree to which a public client actively participates in Public Private Partnership (PPP) schemes, is seen as a determinant of the success of the arrangement, and in particular, efficiency in the delivery of the assets of any infrastructure development. The asset delivery is often an early barometer for judging the overall performance of the PPP. Currently, there are no defined descriptors for the degree of such participation. The lack of defined descriptors makes the association between the degree of participation and efficiency of asset delivery, difficult to establish. This is particularly so if an optimum effect is desired. In addition, such an association is important for the strategic decision to embark on any PPP initiative. This paper presents a conceptual model of different levels of participation that characterise PPP schemes. The modelling was achieved by a systematic review of reported sources that address essential aspects and structures of PPP schemes, published from 2001 to 2015. As a precursor to the modelling, the common areas of Public Client Participation (PCP) were investigated. Equity and risk emerged as two dominant factors in the common areas of PCP, and were therefore adopted to form the foundation of the modelling. The resultant conceptual model defines the different states of combined PCP. The defined states provide a more rational basis for establishing how the degree of PCP affects the efficiency of asset delivery in PPP schemes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asset%20delivery" title="asset delivery">asset delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrastructure%20development" title=" infrastructure development"> infrastructure development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20private%20partnership" title=" public private partnership"> public private partnership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20client%20participation" title=" public client participation"> public client participation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46942/universiti-sains-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Effect of Sowing Dates on Incidence of Sorghum Head Bug Eurystylus Sp (Hemiptera; Miridae) at Rainfed Sector, Blue Nile State, Sudan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20Y.%20Adam">Eisa Y. Adam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anas%20A.%20Fadlelmula"> Anas A. Fadlelmula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20E.%20Ali"> Ali E. Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sorghum head bug is a key insect pest of sorghum, and it is important to pay attention to the peak time of the pest abundance. The objective of this study was to study the effect of planting date on head bugs population. Field experiment was conducted during 2007/08 – 2008/09 and 2013/14 - 2014/15 cropping seasons at the Damazine Research Station Farm, Blue Nile State to determine sorghum head bugs incidence and abundance through the sowing date. Different sowing dates (early, mid and late sowing) and a susceptible sorghum variety known as Wad Ahmed variety were used the experiment. The experimental design used was randomized complete block design (RCBD). Data were collected on the number of head bug adults and nymphs/panicle, damage percent, coloration and a puncture due to bug feeding and oviposition, 1000 seeds weight and yield. The results showed that significantly (P<0.05) higher number of bugs and damage percent were recorded on the late sowing date for the four seasons followed by the mid sowing, while the early sowing gave low number of bugs, damage percent and high1000 weight. There were significant differences between protected and unprotected heads. The late sowing (August) is a critical sorghum planting time because it coincided with highest numbers of the head bugs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abundance" title="abundance">abundance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage" title=" damage"> damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=headbugs" title=" headbugs"> headbugs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panicle" title=" panicle"> panicle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60472/effect-of-sowing-dates-on-incidence-of-sorghum-head-bug-eurystylus-sp-hemiptera-miridae-at-rainfed-sector-blue-nile-state-sudan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Antitumor Activity of Gold Nanorods against Mammary Gland and Skin Carcinoma in Dogs and Cats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdoon%20A.S.">Abdoon A.S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Ashkar%20E.A."> El Ashkar E.A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kandil%20O.M."> Kandil O.M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wael%20H.%20Eisa"> Wael H. Eisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaban%20A.M."> Shaban A.M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20H.M."> Khaled H.M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Ashkar%20M.R."> El Ashkar M.R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Shaer%20M."> El Shaer M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20H."> Hussein H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaalan%20A.H."> Shaalan A.H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Sayed%20M."> El Sayed M.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cancer is a major obstacle to human health and development worldwide. Conventional strategies for cancer intervention include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Recently, plasmon photothermal therapy (PPTT) was introduced as a promising treatment for the management of cancer and several non-cancerous diseases that are generally characterized by overgrowth of abnormal cells. The present work was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic efficacy and toxicity of gold nanorods (AuNRs) in dogs and cats suffering from spontaneous mammary gland. AuNRs was injected intratumoral (IT, n=10, dose of 75 p.p.m/kg body weight) or by using spray method after surgical removal of cancer tissue (n=2) in dogs and cats. Then exposed to laser light after 60 min. Treated animals were observed every 2 days and the morphological changes in tumor size and shape were recorded. Blood samples were collected before and after treatment for checking CBC, liver and kidney functions. Results revealed that AuNRs successfully treat mammary gland tumor in dogs and cats (adenocarcinoma type 1 to IV). AuNRs induced sloughing of carcinogenic tissue within 5 to 15 days. AuNRs have no toxic effect on blood profile and the toxicity studies still under evaluation. Conclusion, AuNRs can be used for treatment of mammary gland carcinoma in dogs and cats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pet%20animals" title="pet animals">pet animals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mammary%20gland%20tumor" title=" mammary gland tumor"> mammary gland tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AuNRs" title=" AuNRs"> AuNRs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photothermal%20therapy" title=" photothermal therapy"> photothermal therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity%20studies" title=" toxicity studies"> toxicity studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24346/antitumor-activity-of-gold-nanorods-against-mammary-gland-and-skin-carcinoma-in-dogs-and-cats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> A Corpus-Based Study of Subtitling Religious Words into Arabic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousef%20Sahari">Yousef Sahari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20Asiri"> Eisa Asiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hollywood films are produced in an open and liberal context, and when subtitling for a more conservative and closed society such as an Arabic society, religious words can pose a thorny challenge for subtitlers. Using a corpus of 90 Hollywood films released between 2000 and 2018 and applying insights from Descriptive Translation Studies (Toury, 1995, 2012) and the dichotomy of domestication and foreignization, this paper investigates three main research questions: (1) What are the dominant religious terms and functions in the English subtitles? (2) What are the dominant translation strategies used in the translation of religious words? (3) Do these strategies tend to be SL-oriented or TL-oriented (domesticating or foreignising)? To answer the research questions above, a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the corpus is conducted, in which the researcher adopts a self-designed, parallel, aligned corpus of ninety films and their Arabic subtitles. A quantitative analysis is performed to compare the frequencies and distribution of religious words, their functions, and the translation strategies employed by the subtitlers of ninety films, with the aim of identifying similarities or differences in addition to identifying the impact of functions of religious terms on the use of subtitling strategies. Based on the quantitative analysis, a qualitative analysis is performed to identify any translational patterns in Arabic translations of religious words and the possible reasons for subtitlers’ choices. The results show that the function of religious words has a strong influence on the choice of subtitling strategies. Also, it is found that foreignization strategies are applied in about two-thirds of the total occurrences of religious words. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20terms" title="religious terms">religious terms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subtitling" title=" subtitling"> subtitling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audiovisual%20translation" title=" audiovisual translation"> audiovisual translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20standard%20arabic" title=" modern standard arabic"> modern standard arabic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subtitling%20strategies" title=" subtitling strategies"> subtitling strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=english-arabic%20subtitling" title=" english-arabic subtitling"> english-arabic subtitling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153911/a-corpus-based-study-of-subtitling-religious-words-into-arabic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> The Effects of Parents’ Personality Traits and Family Variables on Aggressive Behavior in Children from the State of Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20Al-Balhan">Eisa Al-Balhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores the effects of parents’ personality and family variables on aggressive behavior in children from the State of Kuwait. The sample of 117children aged between 6 and 10 years (M=7.79 years, SD =1.4 years),117 fathers, and 117mothers from Kuwait. The following tools were used: a) the Aggressive Behavior Scale for Children (ABSC), b) the Personality Scales Inventory (PSI), and c) the Family Climate Scale (FCS). The results show that there were significant differences between children with highly aggressive behavior and those with low aggressive behavior for most of the personality traits of the father and mother, as well as most of the family climate and its different dimensions according to the father’s knowledge and the mother’s knowledge. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between males and females in the total score of aggressive behavior, verbal aggression, physical aggression, self-aggression, and aggression toward others, with higher scores occurring among males. Most of the correlations of the children’s aggressive behavior were with the personality traits of the father. The personality traits of the mother, family climate, and most of its different dimensions according to the father's and mother's knowledge had significant negative correlations with the child's aggression. There was no effect of the mother's and father's education levels on their child’s aggressive behavior. There was a significant difference between normal families and separated families in the total score of aggressive behavior, verbal aggression, and self-aggression, with a higher score occurring among separated families, and there was no significant difference between the two groups in physical aggression and aggression towards others. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggressive%20behavior" title="aggressive behavior">aggressive behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality%20traits%20of%20parents" title=" personality traits of parents"> personality traits of parents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20variables" title=" family variables"> family variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parents" title=" parents"> parents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158886/the-effects-of-parents-personality-traits-and-family-variables-on-aggressive-behavior-in-children-from-the-state-of-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158886.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Stakeholders Perspectives on the Social Determinants of Health and Quality of Life in Aseer Healthy Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Metrek%20Almetrek">Metrek Almetrek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naser%20Alqahtani"> Naser Alqahtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20Ghazwani"> Eisa Ghazwani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Asiri"> Mona Asiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Alqahtani"> Mohammed Alqahtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magboolah%20Balobaid"> Magboolah Balobaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Advocacy of potential for community coalitions to positively address social determinants of health and quality of life, little is known about the views of stakeholders involved in such efforts. This study sought to assess the provinces leaders’ perspectives about social determinants related to the Health Neighborhood Initiative (HNI), a new county effort to support community coalitions. Method and Subjects: We used a descriptive, qualitative study using personal interviews in 2022. We conducted it in the community coalition's “main cities committees” set across service planning areas that serve vulnerable groups located in the seven registered healthy cities to WHO (Abha, Tareeb, Muhayel, Balqarn, Alharajah, Alamwah, and Bisha). We conducted key informant interviews with 76 governmental, profit, non-profit, and community leaders to understand their perspectives about the HNI. As part of a larger project, this study focused on leaders’ views about social determinants of health related to the HNI. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. An inductive approach to coding was used, with text segments grouped by social determinant categories. Results: Provinces leaders described multiple social determinants of health and quality of life that were relevant to the HNI community coalitions: housing and safety, community violence, economic stability, city services coordination and employment and education. Leaders discussed how social determinants were interconnected with each other and the need for efforts to address multiple social determinants simultaneously to effectively improve health and quality of life. Conclusions: Community coalitions have an opportunity to address multiple social determinants of health and quality of life to meet the social needs of vulnerable groups. Future research should examine how community coalitions, like those in the HNI, can actively engage with community members to identify needs and then deliver evidence-based care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20determinants" title="social determinants">social determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20and%20quality%20of%20life" title=" health and quality of life"> health and quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerable%20groups" title=" vulnerable groups"> vulnerable groups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20research" title=" qualitative research"> qualitative research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160309/stakeholders-perspectives-on-the-social-determinants-of-health-and-quality-of-life-in-aseer-healthy-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Protective Effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine and Alpha Lipoic Acid on Rats Chronically Exposed to Cadmium Chloride</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20El%20Ballal">S. El Ballal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20El%20Sabbagh"> H. El Sabbagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abd%20El%20Gaber"> M. Abd El Gaber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Eisa"> A. Eisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Al%20Gamal"> A. Al Gamal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cadmium is one of the most harmful heavy metals able to induce severe injury. In this study, sixty four male Sprague Dawley rats weighing (70-80 gm) were used. Rats were divided into 4 groups each group of 16 rats. Group A: served as control and received commercial ration and distilled water Group B: cadmium chloride was administered orally in water at dose of 300 ppm cadmium (560 mg/L as CdCl2). Group C: Animals received cadmium in drinking water in addition to administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) orally at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight, equivalent to 1500 ppm in food. Group D: Animals received cadmium in drinking water in addition to administration of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) orally at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight, equivalent to 1500 ppm in food. The experiment was continued for 2 months. Collection of blood and tissue samples was performed at 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks. Blood sample were collected for serum biochemical analysis including malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidants, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein, albumin, urea and uric acid. Tissue specimens were collected for histopathological examination including liver, kidney, brain and testis. Histopathological examination revealed that cadmium choloride induces pathological alterations which increased in severity with time. The use of NAC and ALA can ameliorate toxic effect of CdCl2. The results showed significant decrease MDA and significant increase total antioxidants in group C and D compared to group B, Liver enzymes include AST and ALT showed significant decrease. Regarding to results of total protein and albumin, they revealed significant increase. Urea and uric acid showed significant decrease. From our study we conclude that NAC and ALA have protective effect against cadmium toxicity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ALA" title="ALA">ALA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title=" cadmium"> cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NAC" title=" NAC"> NAC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42239/protective-effect-of-n-acetyl-cysteine-and-alpha-lipoic-acid-on-rats-chronically-exposed-to-cadmium-chloride" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Mesoporous Titania Thin Films for Gentamicin Delivery and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Immobilization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ane%20Escobar">Ane Escobar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Angelom%C3%A9"> Paula Angelomé</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihaela%20Delcea"> Mihaela Delcea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marek%20Grzelczak"> Marek Grzelczak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergio%20Enrique%20Moya"> Sergio Enrique Moya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The antibacterial capacity of bone-anchoring implants can be improved by the use of antibiotics that can be delivered to the media after the surgery. Mesoporous films have shown great potential in drug delivery for orthopedic applications, since pore size and thickness can be tuned to produce different surface area and free volume inside the material. This work shows the synthesis of mesoporous titania films (MTF) by sol-gel chemistry and evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) on top of glass substrates. Pores with a diameter of 12nm were observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). A film thickness of 100 nm was measured by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Gentamicin was used to study the antibiotic delivery from the film by means of High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The Staphilococcus aureus strand was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the penicillin loaded films toward inhibiting bacterial colonization. MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cell proliferation experiments proved that MTFs have a good biocompatibility and are a suitable surface for MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation. Moreover, images taken by Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy using labeled vinculin, showed good adhesion of the MC3T3-E1 cells to the MTFs, as well as complex actin filaments arrangement. In order to improve cell proliferation Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) was adsorbed on top of the mesoporous film. The deposition of the protein was proved by measurements in the contact angle, showing an increment in the hydrophobicity while the protein concentration is higher. By measuring the dehydrogenase activity in MC3T3-E1 cells cultured in dually functionalized mesoporous titatina films with gentamicin and BMP-2 is possible to find an improvement in cell proliferation. For this purpose, the absorption of a yellow-color formazan dye, product of a water-soluble salt (WST-8) reduction by the dehydrogenases, is measured. In summary, this study proves that by means of the surface modification of MTFs with proteins and loading of gentamicin is possible to achieve an antibacterial effect and a cell growth improvement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial" title="antibacterial">antibacterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocompatibility" title=" biocompatibility"> biocompatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20morphogenetic%20protein-2" title=" bone morphogenetic protein-2"> bone morphogenetic protein-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20proliferation" title=" cell proliferation"> cell proliferation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gentamicin" title=" gentamicin"> gentamicin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implants" title=" implants"> implants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesoporous%20titania%20films" title=" mesoporous titania films"> mesoporous titania films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoblasts" title=" osteoblasts"> osteoblasts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80998/mesoporous-titania-thin-films-for-gentamicin-delivery-and-bone-morphogenetic-protein-2-immobilization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Framing the Dynamics and Functioning of Different Variants of Terrorist Organizations: A Business Model Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eisa%20Younes%20Alblooshi">Eisa Younes Alblooshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Counterterrorism strategies, to be effective and efficient, require a sound understanding of the dynamics, the interlinked organizational elements of the terrorist outfits being combated, with a view to having cognizance of their strong points to be guarded against, as well as the vulnerable zones that can be targeted for optimal results in a timely fashion by counterterrorism agencies. A unique model regarding the organizational imperatives was evolved in this research through likening the terrorist organizations with the traditional commercial ones, with a view to understanding in detail the dynamics of interconnectivity and dependencies, and the related compulsions facing the leaderships of such outfits that provide counterterrorism agencies with opportunities for forging better strategies. It involved assessing the evolving organizational dynamics and imperatives of different types of terrorist organizations, to enable the researcher to construct a prototype model that defines the progression and linkages of the related organizational elements of such organizations. It required detailed analysis of how the various elements are connected, with sequencing identified, as any outfit positions itself with respect to its external environment and internal dynamics. A case study focusing on a transnational radical religious state-sponsored terrorist organization was conducted to validate the research findings and to further strengthen the specific counterterrorism strategies. Six different variants of the business model of terrorist organizations were identified, categorized based on their outreach, mission, and status of any state sponsorship. The variants represent vast majority of the range of terrorist organizations acting locally or globally. The model shows the progression and dynamics of these organizations through various dimensions including mission, leadership, outreach, state sponsorship status, resulting in the organizational structure, state of autonomy, preference divergence in its fold, recruitment core, propagation avenues, down to their capacity to adapt, resulting critically in their own life cycles. A major advantage of the model is the utility of mapping terrorist organizations according to their fits to the sundry identified variants, allowing for flexibility and differences within, enabling the researchers and counterterrorism agencies to observe a neat blueprint of the organization’s footprint, along with highlighting the areas to be evaluated for focused target zone selection and timing of counterterrorism interventions. Special consideration is given to the dimension of financing, keeping in context the latest developments regarding cryptocurrencies, hawala, and global anti-money laundering initiatives. Specific counterterrorism strategies and intervention points have been identified for each of the respective model variants, with a view to efficient and effective deployment of resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism" title="terrorism">terrorism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counterterrorism" title=" counterterrorism"> counterterrorism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy"> strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93228/framing-the-dynamics-and-functioning-of-different-variants-of-terrorist-organizations-a-business-model-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Blood Chemo-Profiling in Workers Exposed to Occupational Pyrethroid Pesticides to Identify Associated Diseases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20O.%20Sufyani">O. O. Sufyani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20E.%20Oraiby"> M. E. Oraiby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Qumaiy"> S. A. Qumaiy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20I.%20Alaamri"> A. I. Alaamri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20M.%20Eisa"> Z. M. Eisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Hakami"> A. M. Hakami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Attafi"> M. A. Attafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20M.%20Alhassan"> O. M. Alhassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20M.%20Elsideeg"> W. M. Elsideeg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20M.%20Noureldin"> E. M. Noureldin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20A.%20Hobani"> Y. A. Hobani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Q.%20Majrabi"> Y. Q. Majrabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20A.%20Khardali"> I. A. Khardali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Maashi"> A. B. Maashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Al%20Mane"> A. A. Al Mane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Hakami"> A. H. Hakami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20M.%20Alkhyat"> I. M. Alkhyat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Sahly"> A. A. Sahly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20M.%20Attafi"> I. M. Attafi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Pesticides Use Database, pesticide use in agriculture in Saudi Arabia has more than doubled from 4539 tons in 2009 to 10496 tons in 2019. Among pesticides, pyrethroids is commonly used in Saudi Arabia. Pesticides may increase susceptibility to a variety of diseases, particularly among pesticide workers, due to their extensive use, indiscriminate use, and long-term exposure. Therefore, analyzing blood chemo-profiles and evaluating the detected substances as biomarkers for pyrethroid pesticide exposure may assist to identify and predicting adverse effects of exposure, which may be used for both preventative and risk assessment purposes. The purpose of this study was to (a) analyze chemo-profiling by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, (b) identify the most commonly detected chemicals in a time-exposure-dependent manner using a Venn diagram, and (c) identify their associated disease among pesticide workers using analyzer tools on the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) website, (250 healthy male volunteers (20-60 years old) who deal with pesticides in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia (exposure intervals: 1-2, 4-6, 6-8, more than 8 years) were included in the study. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic information, the duration of pesticide exposure, and the existence of chronic conditions. Blood samples were collected for biochemistry analysis and extracted by solid-phase extraction for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Biochemistry analysis reveals no significant changes in response to the exposure period; however, an inverse association between the albumin level and the exposure interval was observed. The blood chemo-profiling was differentially expressed in an exposure time-dependent manner. This analysis identified the common chemical set associated with each group and their associated significant occupational diseases. While some of these chemicals are associated with a variety of diseases, the distinguishing feature of these chemically associated disorders is their applicability for prevention measures. The most interesting finding was the identification of several chemicals; erucic acid, pelargonic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, dibutyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, dodecanol, myristic Acid, pyrene, and 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid, associated with pneumoconiosis, asbestosis, asthma, silicosis and berylliosis. Chemical-disease association study also found that cancer, digestive system disease, nervous system disease, and metabolic disease were the most often recognized disease categories in the common chemical set. The hierarchical clustering approach was used to compare the expression patterns and exposure intervals of the chemicals found commonly. More study is needed to validate these chemicals as early markers of pyrethroid insecticide-related occupational disease, which might assist evaluate and reducing risk. The current study contributes valuable data and recommendations to public health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational" title="occupational">occupational</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicology" title=" toxicology"> toxicology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemo-profiling" title=" chemo-profiling"> chemo-profiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticide" title=" pesticide"> pesticide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrethroid" title=" pyrethroid"> pyrethroid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-MS" title=" GC-MS"> GC-MS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152422/blood-chemo-profiling-in-workers-exposed-to-occupational-pyrethroid-pesticides-to-identify-associated-diseases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152422.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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