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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class="no-js"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"> <meta name="access" content="No"> <meta name="360-site-verification" content="1268d79b5e96aecf3ff2a7dac04ad990" /> <title>Underwater image enhancement based on weighted guided filter image fusion | Multimedia Systems</title> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@SpringerLink"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="Content cover image"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Underwater image enhancement based on weighted guided filter image fusion"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Multimedia Systems - An underwater image enhancement technique based on weighted guided filter image fusion is proposed to address challenges, including optical absorption and scattering, color..."/> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig1_HTML.png"/> <meta name="journal_id" content="530"/> <meta name="dc.title" content="Underwater image enhancement based on weighted guided filter image fusion"/> <meta name="dc.source" content="Multimedia Systems 2024 30:5"/> <meta name="dc.format" content="text/html"/> <meta name="dc.publisher" content="Springer"/> <meta name="dc.date" content="2024-08-12"/> <meta name="dc.type" content="OriginalPaper"/> <meta name="dc.language" content="En"/> <meta name="dc.copyright" content="2024 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature"/> <meta name="dc.rights" content="2024 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature"/> <meta name="dc.rightsAgent" content="journalpermissions@springernature.com"/> <meta name="dc.description" content="An underwater image enhancement technique based on weighted guided filter image fusion is proposed to address challenges, including optical absorption and scattering, color distortion, and uneven illumination. The method consists of three stages: color correction, local contrast enhancement, and fusion algorithm methods. In terms of color correction, basic correction is achieved through channel compensation and remapping, with saturation adjusted based on histogram distribution to enhance visual richness. For local contrast enhancement, the approach involves box filtering and a variational model to improve image saturation. Finally, the method utilizes weighted guided filter image fusion to achieve high visual quality underwater images. Additionally, our method outperforms eight state-of-the-art algorithms in no-reference metrics, demonstrating its effectiveness and innovation. We also conducted application tests and time comparisons to further validate the practicality of our approach."/> <meta name="prism.issn" content="1432-1882"/> <meta name="prism.publicationName" content="Multimedia Systems"/> <meta name="prism.publicationDate" content="2024-08-12"/> <meta name="prism.volume" content="30"/> <meta name="prism.number" content="5"/> <meta name="prism.section" content="OriginalPaper"/> <meta name="prism.startingPage" content="1"/> <meta name="prism.endingPage" content="19"/> <meta name="prism.copyright" content="2024 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature"/> <meta name="prism.rightsAgent" content="journalpermissions@springernature.com"/> <meta name="prism.url" content="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7"/> <meta name="prism.doi" content="doi:10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7"/> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7.pdf"/> <meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7"/> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Multimedia Systems"/> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="Multimedia Systems"/> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Springer Berlin Heidelberg"/> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1432-1882"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="Underwater image enhancement based on weighted guided filter image fusion"/> <meta name="citation_volume" content="30"/> <meta name="citation_issue" content="5"/> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2024/10"/> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2024/08/12"/> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1"/> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="19"/> <meta name="citation_article_type" content="Regular Paper"/> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"/> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="doi:10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7"/> <meta name="DOI" content="10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7"/> <meta name="size" content="330084"/> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7"/> <meta name="citation_springer_api_url" content="http://api.springer.com/xmldata/jats?q=doi:10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7&api_key="/> <meta name="description" content="An underwater image enhancement technique based on weighted guided filter image fusion is proposed to address challenges, including optical absorption and "/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Xiang, Dan"/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Wang, Huihua"/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Zhou, Zebin"/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Zhao, Hao"/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Gao, Pan"/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Zhang, Jinwen"/> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Shan, Chun"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Cryptology"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Computer Communication Networks"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Operating Systems"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Data Storage Representation"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Multimedia Information Systems"/> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Computer Graphics"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Artif. 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The method consists of three stages: color correction, local contrast enhancement, and fusion algorithm methods. In terms of color correction, basic correction is achieved through channel compensation and remapping, with saturation adjusted based on histogram distribution to enhance visual richness. For local contrast enhancement, the approach involves box filtering and a variational model to improve image saturation. Finally, the method utilizes weighted guided filter image fusion to achieve high visual quality underwater images. Additionally, our method outperforms eight state-of-the-art algorithms in no-reference metrics, demonstrating its effectiveness and innovation. 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data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Huihua-Wang-Aff2" data-author-popup="auth-Huihua-Wang-Aff2" data-author-search="Wang, Huihua">Huihua Wang</a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff2">2</a></sup>, </li><li class="c-article-author-list__item c-article-author-list__item--hide-small-screen"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Zebin-Zhou-Aff2" data-author-popup="auth-Zebin-Zhou-Aff2" data-author-search="Zhou, Zebin">Zebin Zhou</a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff2">2</a></sup>, </li><li class="c-article-author-list__item c-article-author-list__item--hide-small-screen"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Hao-Zhao-Aff1" data-author-popup="auth-Hao-Zhao-Aff1" data-author-search="Zhao, Hao" data-corresp-id="c1">Hao Zhao<svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" 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data-author-search="Zhang, Jinwen">Jinwen Zhang</a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff4">4</a></sup> & </li><li class="c-article-author-list__show-more" aria-label="Show all 7 authors for this article" title="Show all 7 authors for this article">…</li><li class="c-article-author-list__item"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Chun-Shan-Aff2" data-author-popup="auth-Chun-Shan-Aff2" data-author-search="Shan, Chun">Chun Shan</a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff2">2</a></sup> </li></ul><button aria-expanded="false" class="c-article-author-list__button"><svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-chevron-down-medium"></use></svg><span>Show authors</span></button> <div data-test="article-metrics"> <ul class="app-article-metrics-bar u-list-reset"> <li class="app-article-metrics-bar__item"> <p 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class="c-article-section" id="Abs1-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Abs1">Abstract</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="Abs1-content"><p>An underwater image enhancement technique based on weighted guided filter image fusion is proposed to address challenges, including optical absorption and scattering, color distortion, and uneven illumination. The method consists of three stages: color correction, local contrast enhancement, and fusion algorithm methods. In terms of color correction, basic correction is achieved through channel compensation and remapping, with saturation adjusted based on histogram distribution to enhance visual richness. For local contrast enhancement, the approach involves box filtering and a variational model to improve image saturation. Finally, the method utilizes weighted guided filter image fusion to achieve high visual quality underwater images. Additionally, our method outperforms eight state-of-the-art algorithms in no-reference metrics, demonstrating its effectiveness and innovation. 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class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 2</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig2_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig2_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="130"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-3"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig3" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 3</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig3_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig3_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="213"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-4"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig4" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 4</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig4_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig4_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="201"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-5"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig5" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 5</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig5_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig5_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="213"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-6"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig6" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 6</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig6_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig6_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="205"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-7"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig7" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 7</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig7_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig7_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="261" height="312"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-8"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig8" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 8</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig8_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig8_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="118"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-9"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig9" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 9</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig9_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig9_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="263" height="312"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-10"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig10" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 10</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig10_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig10_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="119"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-11"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig11" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 11</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig11_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig11_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="229"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-12"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig12" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 12</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig12_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig12_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="130"></picture></div></div></figure></div><div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-13"><figure><figcaption><b id="Fig13" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">Fig. 13</b></figcaption><div class="c-article-section__figure-content"><div class="c-article-section__figure-item"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig13_HTML.png?as=webp"><img src="//media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7/MediaObjects/530_2024_1432_Fig13_HTML.png" alt="" loading="lazy" width="312" height="98"></picture></div></div></figure></div> </div> <div data-test="cobranding-download"> </div> <section aria-labelledby="inline-recommendations" data-title="Inline Recommendations" class="c-article-recommendations" data-track-component="inline-recommendations"> <h3 class="c-article-recommendations-title" id="inline-recommendations">Similar content being viewed by others</h3> <div class="c-article-recommendations-list"> <div class="c-article-recommendations-list__item"> <article class="c-article-recommendations-card" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"> <div class="c-article-recommendations-card__img"><img 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IEEE, Melbourne, Australia (2012)</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 52" href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=%E2%80%9CPeak%20signal-to-noise%20ratio%20revisited%3A%20Is%20simple%20beautiful%3F%E2%80%9D%2C%20in%202012%20Fourth%20International%20Workshop%20on%20Quality%20of%20Multimedia%20Experience&publication_year=2012&author=Korhonen%2CJ&author=You%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li></ol><p class="c-article-references__download u-hide-print"><a data-track="click" data-track-action="download citation references" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7?format=refman&flavour=references">Download references<svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-download-medium"></use></svg></a></p></div></div></div></section></div><section data-title="Funding"><div class="c-article-section" id="Fun-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Fun">Funding</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="Fun-content"><p>This work was supported by Special projects in universities' key fields of Guangdong Province (2023ZDZX3017), 2022 Tertiary Education Scientific research project of Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau (202234607), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52371059) and (52101358). The General Universities' Key Scientific Research Platform Project of Guangdong Province(2023KSYS009).</p></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="author-information" data-title="Author information"><div class="c-article-section" id="author-information-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="author-information">Author information</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="author-information-content"><h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="affiliations">Authors and Affiliations</h3><ol class="c-article-author-affiliation__list"><li id="Aff1"><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__address">Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Guangzhou Maritime University, Guangzhou, China</p><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__authors-list">Dan Xiang & Hao Zhao</p></li><li id="Aff2"><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__address">School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China</p><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__authors-list">Dan Xiang, Huihua Wang, Zebin Zhou & Chun Shan</p></li><li id="Aff3"><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__address">Guangdong Industrial Training Center, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China</p><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__authors-list">Pan Gao</p></li><li id="Aff4"><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__address">Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Construction and Intelligent Operation and Maintenance for Offshore Infrastructure, Guangzhou, China</p><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__authors-list">Jinwen Zhang</p></li></ol><div class="u-js-hide u-hide-print" data-test="author-info"><span class="c-article__sub-heading">Authors</span><ol class="c-article-authors-search u-list-reset"><li id="auth-Dan-Xiang-Aff1-Aff2"><span class="c-article-authors-search__title u-h3 js-search-name">Dan Xiang</span><div class="c-article-authors-search__list"><div class="c-article-authors-search__item c-article-authors-search__list-item--left"><a href="/search?dc.creator=Dan%20Xiang" class="c-article-button" data-track="click" data-track-action="author link - 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Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Dan Xiang, Huihua Wang, Hao Zhao,Zebin Zhou and Pan Gao. The firstdraft of the manuscript was written by Huihua Wang and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.</p><h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="corresponding-author">Corresponding authors</h3><p id="corresponding-author-list">Correspondence to <a id="corresp-c1" href="mailto:zhaohao@gzmtu.edu.cn">Hao Zhao</a> or <a id="corresp-c2" href="mailto:gaopan@gpnu.edu.cn">Pan Gao</a>.</p></div></div></section><section data-title="Ethics declarations"><div class="c-article-section" id="ethics-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="ethics">Ethics declarations</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="ethics-content"> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="FPar1">Conflict of interest</h3> <p>The authors declare that there are no conficts of interest related to this article.</p> </div></div></section><section data-title="Additional information"><div class="c-article-section" id="additional-information-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="additional-information">Additional information</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="additional-information-content"><p>Communicated by Qiu Shen.</p><h3 class="c-article__sub-heading">Publisher's Note</h3><p>Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.</p></div></div></section><section data-title="Rights and permissions"><div class="c-article-section" id="rightslink-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="rightslink">Rights and permissions</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="rightslink-content"><p>Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</p><p class="c-article-rights"><a data-track="click" data-track-action="view rights and permissions" data-track-label="link" href="https://s100.copyright.com/AppDispatchServlet?title=Underwater%20image%20enhancement%20based%20on%20weighted%20guided%20filter%20image%20fusion&author=Dan%20Xiang%20et%20al&contentID=10.1007%2Fs00530-024-01432-7&copyright=The%20Author%28s%29%2C%20under%20exclusive%20licence%20to%20Springer-Verlag%20GmbH%20Germany%2C%20part%20of%20Springer%20Nature&publication=0942-4962&publicationDate=2024-08-12&publisherName=SpringerNature&orderBeanReset=true">Reprints and permissions</a></p></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="article-info" data-title="About this article"><div class="c-article-section" id="article-info-section"><h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="article-info">About this article</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="article-info-content"><div class="c-bibliographic-information"><div class="u-hide-print c-bibliographic-information__column c-bibliographic-information__column--border"><a data-crossmark="10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/s00530-024-01432-7" data-track="click" data-track-action="Click Crossmark" data-track-label="link" data-test="crossmark"><img loading="lazy" width="57" height="81" alt="Check for updates. 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