CINXE.COM

Tekst źródłowy strony Szablon:Nobel Fizyka – Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available" lang="pl" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Tekst źródłowy strony Szablon:Nobel Fizyka – Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )plwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":true,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","styczeń","luty","marzec","kwiecień","maj","czerwiec","lipiec","sierpień","wrzesień","październik","listopad","grudzień"],"wgRequestId":"610558e4-2c12-461e-a5fe-84b0b2fcb87f","wgCanonicalNamespace":"Template","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":10,"wgPageName":"Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka","wgTitle":"Nobel Fizyka","wgCurRevisionId":74972893,"wgRevisionId":0,"wgArticleId":658968,"wgIsArticle":false,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"edit","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgPageViewLanguage":"pl","wgPageContentLanguage":"pl","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka","wgRelevantArticleId":658968,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":1}}},"wgStableRevisionId":74972893, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"pl","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"pl"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":8000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.wikiflex":"ready","ext.gadget.infobox":"ready","ext.gadget.hlist":"ready","ext.gadget.darkmode-overrides":"ready", "ext.gadget.small-references":"ready","ext.gadget.citation-access-info":"ready","ext.gadget.sprawdz-problemy-szablony":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.charinsert.styles":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.edit.collapsibleFooter","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.charinsert","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.ll-script-loader","ext.gadget.veKeepParameters","ext.gadget.szablon-galeria","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.citoid-overrides","ext.gadget.maps", "ext.gadget.padlock-indicators","ext.gadget.interwiki-langlist","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.edit-summaries","ext.gadget.edit-first-section","ext.gadget.edit-summary-warning","ext.gadget.wikibugs","ext.gadget.nuxTBKeys","ext.gadget.map-toggler","ext.gadget.narrowFootnoteColumns","ext.gadget.WDsearch","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.checkUser.clientHints","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pl&amp;modules=ext.charinsert.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=pl&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pl&amp;modules=ext.gadget.citation-access-info%2Cdarkmode-overrides%2Chlist%2Cinfobox%2Csmall-references%2Csprawdz-problemy-szablony%2Cwikiflex&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pl&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Tekst źródłowy strony Szablon:Nobel Fizyka – Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//pl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edytuj" href="/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (pl)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//pl.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pl"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Kanał Atom Wikipedii" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Ostatnie_zmiany&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-10 ns-subject mw-editable page-Szablon_Nobel_Fizyka rootpage-Szablon_Nobel_Fizyka skin-vector-2022 action-edit"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Przejdź do zawartości</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu główne" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu główne</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu główne</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nawigacja </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Strona_g%C5%82%C3%B3wna" title="Przejdź na stronę główną [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Strona główna</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Losowa_strona" title="Załaduj losową stronę [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Losuj artykuł</span></a></li><li id="n-Kategorie" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Kategorie_G%C5%82%C3%B3wne"><span>Kategorie artykułów</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured-articles" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wyr%C3%B3%C5%BCniona_zawarto%C5%9B%C4%87_Wikipedii"><span>Najlepsze artykuły</span></a></li><li id="n-FAQ" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomoc:FAQ"><span>Częste pytania (FAQ)</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-zmiany" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-zmiany" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dla czytelników </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-czytelnicy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:O_Wikipedii"><span>O Wikipedii</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt_z_wikipedystami"><span>Kontakt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-edytorzy" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-edytorzy" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dla wikipedystów </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-pierwsze-kroki" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki"><span>Pierwsze kroki</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal_wikipedyst%C3%B3w" title="O projekcie – co możesz zrobić, gdzie możesz znaleźć informacje"><span>Portal wikipedystów</span></a></li><li id="n-Noticeboard" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tablica_og%C5%82osze%C5%84"><span>Ogłoszenia</span></a></li><li id="n-Guidelines" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Zasady"><span>Zasady</span></a></li><li id="n-helppage-name" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Spis_tre%C5%9Bci"><span>Pomoc</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ostatnie_zmiany" title="Lista ostatnich zmian w Wikipedii. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Ostatnie zmiany</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Strona_g%C5%82%C3%B3wna" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="wolna encyklopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-pl.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Szukaj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Szukaj</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" aria-label="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Specjalna:Szukaj"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Szukaj</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Narzędzia osobiste"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Zmień rozmiar czcionki, szerokość oraz kolorystykę strony" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wygląd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wygląd</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_pl.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=pl" class=""><span>Wspomóż Wikipedię</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Utw%C3%B3rz_konto&amp;returnto=Szablon%3ANobel+Fizyka&amp;returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Zachęcamy do stworzenia konta i zalogowania, ale nie jest to obowiązkowe." class=""><span>Utwórz konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Zaloguj&amp;returnto=Szablon%3ANobel+Fizyka&amp;returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Zachęcamy do zalogowania się, choć nie jest to obowiązkowe. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Zaloguj się</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Więcej opcji" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia osobiste" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia osobiste</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu użytkownika" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_pl.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=pl"><span>Wspomóż Wikipedię</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Utw%C3%B3rz_konto&amp;returnto=Szablon%3ANobel+Fizyka&amp;returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Zachęcamy do stworzenia konta i zalogowania, ale nie jest to obowiązkowe."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Utwórz konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Zaloguj&amp;returnto=Szablon%3ANobel+Fizyka&amp;returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Zachęcamy do zalogowania się, choć nie jest to obowiązkowe. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Tekst źródłowy strony Szablon:Nobel Fizyka</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ten artykuł istnieje tylko w tym języku. Dodaj artykuły w innych językach." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dodaj języki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-template" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka" title="Zobacz szablon [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Szablon</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja_szablonu:Nobel_Fizyka&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Dyskusja o zawartości tej strony (strona nie istnieje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zmień wariant języka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">polski</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Widok"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka&amp;action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka&amp;action=history" title="Starsze wersje tej strony [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Narzędzia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Więcej opcji" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Działania </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka&amp;action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka&amp;action=history"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ogólne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Linkuj%C4%85ce/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka" title="Pokaż listę wszystkich stron linkujących do tej strony [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Linkujące</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Zmiany_w_linkowanych/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka" rel="nofollow" title="Ostatnie zmiany w stronach, do których ta strona linkuje [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Zmiany w linkowanych</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Prześlij_plik" title="Prześlij pliki [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Prześlij plik</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Strony_specjalne" title="Lista wszystkich stron specjalnych [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Strony specjalne</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka&amp;action=info" title="Więcej informacji na temat tej strony"><span>Informacje o tej stronie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Skr%C3%B3%C4%87_adres_URL&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DSzablon%3ANobel_Fizyka%26action%3Dedit"><span>Zobacz skrócony adres URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Kod_QR&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DSzablon%3ANobel_Fizyka%26action%3Dedit"><span>Pobierz kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> W innych projektach </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5620129" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">← <a href="/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka" title="Szablon:Nobel Fizyka">Szablon:Nobel Fizyka</a></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><p>Nie masz uprawnień do edytowania tej strony z następującego powodu: </p> <div class="permissions-errors"><div class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"><b>Twój adres IP znajduje się w zakresie adresów, który został <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks">zablokowany na wszystkich wiki Wikimedia Foundation</a>.</b> <p>Blokada została nałożona przez <a href="/wiki/Wikipedysta:Jon_Kolbert" title="Wikipedysta:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a>. Podany powód to <i><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </i>. </p> <ul><li>Początek blokady: 16:12, 27 sie 2023</li> <li>Zakończenie blokady: 16:12, 27 sie 2028</li></ul> <p>Twój obecny adres IP to 8.222.208.146. Zablokowany zakres to 8.222.128.0/17. </p><p>Prosimy o uwzględnienie wszystkich powyższych informacji we wszelkich zapytaniach. Jeśli uważasz, że zostałeś zablokowany przez pomyłkę, możesz znaleźć dodatkowe informacje i instrukcje w globalnej polityce <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a>. </p> Aby zakwestionować lub omówić blokadę, proszę <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">wysłać prośbę o jej weryfikację na Meta-Wiki</a>. Możesz również wysłać e-mail do kolejki <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewardów</a> na adres <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd>, podając wszystkie powyższe szczegóły.</div></div><hr /> <p>Tekst źródłowy strony można podejrzeć i skopiować. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="pl" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{Szablon nawigacyjny | nazwa = Nobel Fizyka | tytuł = [[Laureaci Nagrody Nobla w dziedzinie fizyki]] | zwijanie = zwinięte | grafika = [[Plik:NobelP2.png|80px|Nobel]] | opis1 = XX wiek | spis1 = * 1901: [[Wilhelm Röntgen|Röntgen]] * 1902: [[Hendrik Lorentz|Lorentz]], [[Pieter Zeeman|Zeeman]] * 1903: [[Henri Becquerel|Becquerel]], [[Pierre Curie|P. Curie]], [[Maria Skłodowska-Curie|M. Curie]] * 1904: [[John William Strutt|Rayleigh]] * 1905: [[Philipp Lenard|Lenard]] * 1906: [[Joseph John Thomson|Thomson]] * 1907: [[Albert Michelson|Michelson]] * 1908: [[Gabriel Lippmann|Lippmann]] * 1909: [[Guglielmo Marconi|Marconi]], [[Karl Ferdinand Braun|Braun]] * 1910: [[Johannes Diderik van der Waals|van der Waals]] * 1911: [[Wilhelm Wien|Wien]] * 1912: [[Gustaf Dalén|Dalén]] * 1913: [[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes|Kamerlingh Onnes]] * 1914: [[Max von Laue|von Laue]] * 1915: [[William Lawrence Bragg|W.L. Bragg]], [[William Henry Bragg|W.H. Bragg]] * 1917: [[Charles Glover Barkla|Barkla]] * 1918: [[Max Planck|Planck]] * 1919: [[Johannes Stark|Stark]] * 1920: [[Charles Édouard Guillaume|Guillaume]] * 1921: [[Albert Einstein|Einstein]] * 1922: [[Niels Bohr|N. Bohr]] * 1923: [[Robert Millikan|Millikan]] * 1924: [[Manne Siegbahn|Siegbahn]] * 1925: [[James Franck|Franck]], [[Gustav Ludwig Hertz|Hertz]] * 1926: [[Jean Baptiste Perrin|Perrin]] * 1927: [[Arthur Compton|Compton]], [[Charles Thomson Rees Wilson|Wilson]] * 1928: [[Owen Willans Richardson|Richardson]] * 1929: [[Louis de Broglie|de Broglie]] * 1930: [[Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman|Raman]] * 1932: [[Werner Heisenberg|Heisenberg]] * 1933: [[Erwin Schrödinger|Schrödinger]], [[Paul Dirac|Dirac]] * 1935: [[James Chadwick|Chadwick]] * 1936: [[Victor Franz Hess|Hess]], [[Carl David Anderson|Anderson]] * 1937: [[Clinton Joseph Davisson|Davisson]], [[George Thomson|Thomson]] * 1938: [[Enrico Fermi|Fermi]] * 1939: [[Ernest Lawrence|Lawrence]] * 1943: [[Otto Stern|Stern]] * 1944: [[Isidor Isaac Rabi|Rabi]] * 1945: [[Wolfgang Pauli|Pauli]] * 1946: [[Percy Williams Bridgman|Bridgman]] * 1947: [[Edward Victor Appleton|Appleton]] * 1948: [[Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett|Blackett]] * 1949: [[Hideki Yukawa|Yukawa]] * 1950: [[Cecil Frank Powell|Powell]] * 1951: [[John Douglas Cockcroft|Cockcroft]], [[Ernest Walton|Walton]] * 1952: [[Felix Bloch|Bloch]], [[Edward Mills Purcell|Purcell]] * 1953: [[Frits Zernike|Zernike]] * 1954: [[Max Born|Born]], [[Walther Bothe|Bothe]] * 1955: [[Willis Eugene Lamb|Lamb]], [[Polykarp Kusch|Kusch]] * 1956: [[William Shockley|Shockley]], [[John Bardeen|Bardeen]], [[Walter Houser Brattain|Brattain]] * 1957: [[Chen Ning Yang|Yang]], [[Tsung-Dao Lee|T.D. Lee]] * 1958: [[Pawieł Czerenkow|Czerenkow]], [[Ilja Frank|Frank]], [[Igor Tamm|Tamm]] * 1959: [[Emilio Segrè|Segrè]], [[Owen Chamberlain|Chamberlain]] * 1960: [[Donald Arthur Glaser|Glaser]] * 1961: [[Robert Hofstadter|Hofstadter]], [[Rudolf Mößbauer|Mössbauer]] * 1962: [[Lew Landau|Landau]] * 1963: [[Eugene Wigner|Wigner]], [[Maria Goeppert-Mayer|Goeppert-Mayer]], [[J. Hans D. Jensen]] * 1964: [[Charles Townes|Townes]], [[Nikołaj Basow|Basow]], [[Aleksandr Prochorow|Prochorow]] * 1965: [[Shin’ichirō Tomonaga|Tomonaga]], [[Julian Schwinger|Schwinger]], [[Richard Feynman|Feynman]] * 1966: [[Alfred Kastler|Kastler]] * 1967: [[Hans Bethe|Bethe]] * 1968: [[Luis Walter Alvarez|Alvarez]] * 1969: [[Murray Gell-Mann|Gell-Mann]] * 1970: [[Hannes Alfvén|Alfvén]], [[Louis Néel|Néel]] * 1971: [[Dennis Gabor|Gabor]] * 1972: [[John Bardeen|Bardeen]], [[Leon Cooper|Cooper]], [[John Robert Schrieffer|Schrieffer]] * 1973: [[Leo Esaki|Esaki]], [[Ivar Giaever|Giaever]], [[Brian David Josephson|Josephson]] * 1974: [[Martin Ryle|Ryle]], [[Antony Hewish|Hewish]] * 1975: [[Aage Niels Bohr|A. Bohr]], [[Benjamin Mottelson|Mottelson]], [[James Rainwater|Rainwater]] * 1976: [[Burton Richter|Richter]], [[Samuel Ting|Ting]] * 1977: [[Philip Warren Anderson|Anderson]], [[Nevill Francis Mott|Mott]], [[John Hasbrouck van Vleck|van Vleck]] * 1978: [[Piotr Kapica|Kapica]], [[Arno Penzias|Penzias]], [[Robert Woodrow Wilson|Wilson]] * 1979: [[Sheldon Lee Glashow|Glashow]], [[Abdus Salam|Salam]], [[Steven Weinberg|Weinberg]] * 1980: [[James Cronin|Cronin]], [[Val Fitch|Fitch]] * 1981: [[Nicolaas Bloembergen|Bloembergen]], [[Arthur Leonard Schawlow|Schawlow]], [[Kai M. Siegbahn|Siegbahn]] * 1982: [[Kenneth G. Wilson|Wilson]] * 1983: [[Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar|Chandrasekhar]], [[William Fowler|Fowler]] * 1984: [[Carlo Rubbia|Rubbia]], [[Simon van der Meer|van der Meer]] * 1985: [[Klaus von Klitzing|von Klitzing]] * 1986: [[Ernst Ruska|Ruska]], [[Gerd Binnig|Binnig]], [[Heinrich Rohrer|Rohrer]] * 1987: [[Johannes Georg Bednorz|Bednorz]], [[Karl Alexander Müller|Müller]] * 1988: [[Leon Lederman|Lederman]], [[Melvin Schwartz|Schwartz]], [[Jack Steinberger|Steinberger]] * 1989: [[Norman F. Ramsey|Ramsey]], [[Hans Georg Dehmelt|Dehmelt]], [[Wolfgang Paul|Paul]] * 1990: [[Jerome I. Friedman|Friedman]], [[Henry Kendall|Kendall]], [[Richard E. Taylor|Taylor]] * 1991: [[Pierre-Gilles de Gennes|de Gennes]] * 1992: [[Georges Charpak|Charpak]] * 1993: [[Russell Alan Hulse|Hulse]], [[Joseph H. Taylor Jr.|Taylor]] * 1994: [[Bertram Brockhouse|Brockhouse]], [[Clifford Shull|Shull]] * 1995: [[Martin Perl|Perl]], [[Frederick Reines|Reines]] * 1996: [[David M. Lee|D. Lee]], [[Douglas D. Osheroff|Osheroff]], [[Robert C. Richardson|Richardson]] * 1997: [[Steven Chu|Chu]], [[Claude Cohen-Tannoudji|Cohen-Tannoudji]], [[William D. Phillips|Phillips]] * 1998: [[Robert B. Laughlin|Laughlin]], [[Horst Störmer|Störmer]], [[Daniel C. Tsui|Tsui]] * 1999: [[Gerardus ’t Hooft|'t Hooft]], [[Martinus J.G. Veltman|Veltman]] * 2000: [[Żores Ałfiorow|Ałfiorow]], [[Herbert Kroemer|Kroemer]], [[Jack Kilby|Kilby]] | opis2 = XXI wiek | spis2 = * 2001: [[Eric Cornell|Cornell]], [[Wolfgang Ketterle|Ketterle]], [[Carl Wieman|Wieman]] * 2002: [[Raymond Davis|Davis Jr.]], [[Masatoshi Koshiba|Koshiba]], [[Riccardo Giacconi|Giacconi]] * 2003: [[Aleksiej Abrikosow|Abrikosow]], [[Witalij Ginzburg|Ginzburg]], [[Anthony James Leggett|Leggett]] * 2004: [[David Gross|Gross]], [[H. David Politzer|Politzer]], [[Frank Wilczek|Wilczek]] * 2005: [[Roy Glauber|Glauber]], [[John L. Hall|Hall]], [[Theodor Hänsch|Hänsch]] * 2006: [[John C. Mather|Mather]], [[George F. Smoot|Smoot]] * 2007: [[Albert Fert|Fert]], [[Peter Grünberg|Grünberg]] * 2008: [[Yoichiro Nambu|Nambu]], [[Makoto Kobayashi|Kobayashi]], [[Toshihide Masukawa|Maskawa]] * 2009: [[Charles K. Kao|Kao]], [[Willard Boyle|Boyle]], [[George E. Smith|Smith]] * 2010: [[Andriej Gejm|Gejm]], [[Konstantin Nowosiołow|Nowosiołow]] * 2011: [[Saul Perlmutter|Perlmutter]], [[Brian Schmidt|Schmidt]], [[Adam Riess|Riess]] * 2012: [[Serge Haroche|Haroche]], [[David Wineland|Wineland]] * 2013: [[François Englert|Englert]], [[Peter Higgs|Higgs]] * 2014: [[Isamu Akasaki|Akasaki]], [[Hiroshi Amano|Amano]], [[Shūji Nakamura|Nakamura]] * 2015: [[Takaaki Kajita|Kajita]], [[Arthur B. McDonald|McDonald]] * 2016: [[David J. Thouless|Thouless]], [[Duncan Haldane|Haldane]], [[John M. Kosterlitz|Kosterlitz]] * 2017: [[Rainer Weiss|Weiss]], [[Barry Barish|Barish]], [[Kip Thorne|Thorne]] * 2018: [[Arthur Ashkin|Ashkin]], [[Gérard Mourou|Mourou]], [[Donna Strickland|Strickland]] * 2019: [[James Peebles|Peebles]], [[Michel Mayor|Mayor]], [[Didier Queloz|Queloz]] * 2020: [[Roger Penrose|Penrose]], [[Reinhard Genzel|Genzel]], [[Andrea Ghez|Ghez]] * 2021: [[Syukuro Manabe|Manabe]], [[Klaus Hasselmann|Hasselmann]], [[Giorgio Parisi|Parisi]] * 2022: [[Alain Aspect|Aspect]], [[John Clauser|Clauser]], [[Anton Zeilinger|Zeilinger]] * 2023: [[Pierre Agostini|Agostini]], [[Ferenc Krausz|Krausz]], [[Anne L’Huillier|L’Huillier]] * 2024: [[Geoffrey Hinton|Hinton]], [[John Hopfield|Hopfield]] | kategoria = Nagrody Nobla | kategoria2 = nagrody fizyczne }} </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p>Szablony użyte w tym artykule: </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Navbox/styles.css" title="Szablon:Navbox/styles.css">Szablon:Navbox/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Navbox/styles.css&amp;action=edit" title="Szablon:Navbox/styles.css">tekst źródłowy</a>) (zabezpieczony na poziomie wysokim)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Szablon_nawigacyjny" title="Szablon:Szablon nawigacyjny">Szablon:Szablon nawigacyjny</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Szablon_nawigacyjny&amp;action=edit" title="Szablon:Szablon nawigacyjny">tekst źródłowy</a>) (zabezpieczony na poziomie wysokim)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Modu%C5%82:Navbox" title="Moduł:Navbox">Moduł:Navbox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modu%C5%82:Navbox&amp;action=edit" title="Moduł:Navbox">edytuj</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modu%C5%82:Navbox/diag" title="Moduł:Navbox/diag">Moduł:Navbox/diag</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modu%C5%82:Navbox/diag&amp;action=edit" title="Moduł:Navbox/diag">edytuj</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modu%C5%82:Navbox/printer/default" title="Moduł:Navbox/printer/default">Moduł:Navbox/printer/default</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modu%C5%82:Navbox/printer/default&amp;action=edit" title="Moduł:Navbox/printer/default">edytuj</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modu%C5%82:Navbox/res" title="Moduł:Navbox/res">Moduł:Navbox/res</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modu%C5%82:Navbox/res&amp;action=edit" title="Moduł:Navbox/res">edytuj</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modu%C5%82:String" title="Moduł:String">Moduł:String</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modu%C5%82:String&amp;action=edit" title="Moduł:String">edytuj</a>) </li></ul></div><p id="mw-returnto">Wróć do <a href="/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka" title="Szablon:Nobel Fizyka">Szablon:Nobel Fizyka</a>.</p> <!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&amp;useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka">https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Polityka prywatności</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:O_Wikipedii">O Wikipedii</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Korzystasz_z_Wikipedii_tylko_na_w%C5%82asn%C4%85_odpowiedzialno%C5%9B%C4%87">Korzystasz z Wikipedii tylko na własną odpowiedzialność</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Powszechne Zasady Postępowania</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Dla deweloperów</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/pl.wikipedia.org">Statystyki</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Oświadczenie o ciasteczkach</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//pl.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Nobel_Fizyka&amp;action=edit&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Wersja mobilna</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-grc9c","wgBackendResponseTime":140,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.003","walltime":"0.005","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":830,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-grc9c","timestamp":"20241201002342","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10