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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: M. S. Sulaiman</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: M. S. Sulaiman"> <meta name="keywords" content="M. S. Sulaiman"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="M. 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S. Sulaiman"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 59</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: M. S. Sulaiman</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> A Review on Soft Computing Technique in Intrusion Detection System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Noor%20Suhana%20Sulaiman">Noor Suhana Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rohani%20Abu%20Bakar"> Rohani Abu Bakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Norrozila%20Sulaiman"> Norrozila Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intrusion Detection System is significant in network security. It detects and identifies intrusion behavior or intrusion attempts in a computer system by monitoring and analyzing the network packets in real time. In the recent year, intelligent algorithms applied in the intrusion detection system (IDS) have been an increasing concern with the rapid growth of the network security. IDS data deals with a huge amount of data which contains irrelevant and redundant features causing slow training and testing process, higher resource consumption as well as poor detection rate. Since the amount of audit data that an IDS needs to examine is very large even for a small network, classification by hand is impossible. Hence, the primary objective of this review is to review the techniques prior to classification process suit to IDS data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Intrusion%20Detection%20System" title="Intrusion Detection System">Intrusion Detection System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soft%0Acomputing" title=" soft computing"> soft computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=classification." title=" classification."> classification.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/a-review-on-soft-computing-technique-in-intrusion-detection-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13529.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1864</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Nonlinear Thermal Expansion Model for SiC/Al</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.R.%20Sahroni">T.R. Sahroni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Sulaiman"> S. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Romli"> I. Romli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.R.%20Salleh"> M.R. Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.A.%20Ariff"> H.A. Ariff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The thermal expansion behaviour of silicon carbide (SCS-2) fibre reinforced 6061 aluminium matrix composite subjected to the influenced thermal mechanical cycling (TMC) process were investigated. The thermal stress has important effect on the longitudinal thermal expansion coefficient of the composites. The present paper used experimental data of the thermal expansion behaviour of a SiC/Al composite for temperatures up to 370°C, in which their data was used for carrying out modelling of theoretical predictions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nonlinear" title="Nonlinear">Nonlinear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal" title=" thermal"> thermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fibre%20reinforced" title=" fibre reinforced"> fibre reinforced</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=metal%20matrixcomposites" title=" metal matrixcomposites"> metal matrixcomposites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/nonlinear-thermal-expansion-model-for-sical" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2701</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Relation between Significance of Attribute Set and Single Attribute</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xiuqin%20Ma">Xiuqin Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Norrozila%20Binti%20Sulaiman"> Norrozila Binti Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hongwu%20Qin"> Hongwu Qin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In the research field of Rough Set, few papers concern the significance of attribute set. However, there is important relation between the significance of single attribute and that of attribute set, which should not be ignored. In this paper, we draw conclusions by case analysis that (1) the attribute set including single attributes with high significance is certainly significant, while, (2)the attribute set which consists of single attributes with low significance possibly has high significance. We validate the conclusions on discernibility matrix and the results demonstrate the contribution of our conclusions.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=relation" title="relation">relation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=attribute%20set" title=" attribute set"> attribute set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=single%20attribute" title=" single attribute"> single attribute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rough%20set" title=" rough set"> rough set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=significance" title=" significance"> significance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/relation-between-significance-of-attribute-set-and-single-attribute" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1740</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> The Performance of Alternating Top-Bottom Strategy for Successive Over Relaxation Scheme on Two Dimensional Boundary Value Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20K.%20Hasan">M. K. Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20H.%20Ng"> Y. H. Ng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Sulaiman"> J. Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper present the implementation of a new ordering strategy on Successive Overrelaxation scheme on two dimensional boundary value problems. The strategy involve two directions alternatingly; from top and bottom of the solution domain. The method shows to significantly reduce the iteration number to converge. Four numerical experiments were carried out to examine the performance of the new strategy.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Two%20dimensional%20boundary%20value%20problems" title="Two dimensional boundary value problems">Two dimensional boundary value problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Successive%20Overrelaxation%20scheme" title=" Successive Overrelaxation scheme"> Successive Overrelaxation scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alternating%20Top-Bottom%20strategy" title=" Alternating Top-Bottom strategy"> Alternating Top-Bottom strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fast%20convergence" title=" fast convergence"> fast convergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/the-performance-of-alternating-top-bottom-strategy-for-successive-over-relaxation-scheme-on-two-dimensional-boundary-value-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Students’ Perception of Their M-Learning Readiness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sulaiman%20Almutairy">Sulaiman Almutairy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Trevor%20Davies"> Trevor Davies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yota%20Dimitriadi"> Yota Dimitriadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The following paper presents the results of a study aimed at achieving a better understanding of the psychological readiness for mobile learning (m-learning) among Saudi students, while also evaluating m-learning readiness as a whole in Saudi Arabia - a topic that has not yet received adequate attention from researchers. Data was acquired via a questionnaire administered to 131 Saudi students at UK universities, in July 2013. The study confirmed that students are confident about using mobile devices in their daily lives, and that they would welcome more opportunities for mobile learning. The findings also indicated that Saudi higher education students are very familiar with, and psychologically ready for, m-learning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M-learning" title="M-learning">M-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mobile%20Technologies" title=" Mobile Technologies"> Mobile Technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Psychological%0D%0AReadiness." title=" Psychological Readiness."> Psychological Readiness.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/students-perception-of-their-m-learning-readiness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2840</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Characterization of Fish Bone Catalyst for Biodiesel Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sarina%20Sulaiman">Sarina Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Khairudin"> N. Khairudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Jamal"> P. Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Z.%20Alam"> M. Z. Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zaki%20Zainudin"> Zaki Zainudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Azmi"> S. Azmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this study, fish bone waste was used as a new catalyst for biodiesel production. Instead of discarding the fish bone waste, it will be utilized as a source for catalyst that can provide significant benefit to the environment. Also, it can be substitute as a calcium oxide source instead of using eggshell, crab shell and snail shell. The XRD and SEM analysis proved that calcined fish bone contains calcium oxide, calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. The catalyst was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD).</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Calcinations" title="Calcinations">Calcinations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fish%20bone" title=" fish bone"> fish bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=waste%0D%0Acatalyst." title=" waste catalyst."> waste catalyst.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/characterization-of-fish-bone-catalyst-for-biodiesel-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4049</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Valuation on MEMS Pressure Sensors and Device Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nurul%20Amziah%20Md%20Yunus">Nurul Amziah Md Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Izhal%20Abdul%20Halin"> Izhal Abdul Halin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nasri%20Sulaiman"> Nasri Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Noor%20Faezah%20Ismail"> Noor Faezah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ong%20Kai%20Sheng"> Ong Kai Sheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The MEMS pressure sensor has been introduced and presented in this paper. The types of pressure sensor and its theory of operation are also included. The latest MEMS technology, the fabrication processes of pressure sensor are explored and discussed. Besides, various device applications of pressure sensor such as tire pressure-monitoring system, diesel particulate filter and others are explained. Due to further miniaturization of the device nowadays, the pressure sensor with nanotechnology (NEMS) is also reviewed. The NEMS pressure sensor is expected to have better performance as well as lower in its cost. It has gained an excellent popularity in many applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pressure%20sensor" title="Pressure sensor">Pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=diaphragm" title=" diaphragm"> diaphragm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=automotive%0D%0Aapplication" title=" automotive application"> automotive application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biomedical%20application" title=" biomedical application"> biomedical application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NEMS." title=" NEMS."> NEMS.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/valuation-on-mems-pressure-sensors-and-device-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">5688</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Geochemical Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration in Surface Sediment of West Port, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.Tavakoly%20Sany">B.Tavakoly Sany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Salleh"> A. Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.H%20.Sulaiman"> A.H .Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Mehdinia"> A. Mehdinia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GH.%20Monazami"> GH. Monazami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>One year (November 2009-October 2010) sediment monitoring was used to evaluate pollution status, concentration and distribution of heavy metals (As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) in West Port of Malaysia. Sediment sample were collected from nine stations every four months. Geo-accumulation factor and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were estimated to better understand the pollution level in study area. The heavy metal concentration (Mg/g dry weight) were ranged from 20.2 to 162 for As, 7.4 to 27.6 for Cu, 0.244 to 3.53 for Cd, 11.5 to 61.5 for Cr, 0.11 to 0.409 for Hg, 7.2 to 22.2 for Ni, 22.3 to 80 for Pb and 23 to 98.3 for Zn. In general, concentration some metals (As,Cd, Hg and Pb) was higher than background values that are considered as serious concern for aquatic life and the human health.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heavy%20metals" title="Heavy metals">Heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sediment%20Quality" title=" Sediment Quality"> Sediment Quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=geo-accumulationindex" title=" geo-accumulationindex"> geo-accumulationindex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pollution%20Load%20Index" title=" Pollution Load Index"> Pollution Load Index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/geochemical-assessment-of-heavy-metals-concentration-in-surface-sediment-of-west-port-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Effects of Dust on the Performance of PV Panels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shaharin%20A.%20Sulaiman">Shaharin A. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haizatul%20H.%20Hussain"> Haizatul H. Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nik%20Siti%20H.%20Nik%20Leh"> Nik Siti H. Nik Leh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20S.%20I.%20Razali"> Mohd S. I. Razali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accumulation of dust from the outdoor environment on the panels of solar photovoltaic (PV) system is natural. There were studies that showed that the accumulated dust can reduce the performance of solar panels, but the results were not clearly quantified. The objective of this research was to study the effects of dust accumulation on the performance of solar PV panels. Experiments were conducted using dust particles on solar panels with a constant-power light source, to determine the resulting electrical power generated and efficiency. It was found from the study that the accumulated dust on the surface of photovoltaic solar panel can reduce the system-s efficiency by up to 50%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dust" title="Dust">Dust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Photovoltaic" title=" Photovoltaic"> Photovoltaic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Solar%20Energy." title=" Solar Energy."> Solar Energy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/effects-of-dust-on-the-performance-of-pv-panels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">13738</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Assessment of Sediment Quality in the West Port Based On the Index Analysis Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.B.%20Tavakoly%20Sany">S.B. Tavakoly Sany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Salleh"> A. Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.H.%20Sulaiman"> A.H. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.H.%20Monazami"> G.H. Monazami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The coastal sediments of West Port of Malaysia was monitored from Nov. 2009 to Oct. 2010 to assess spatial distribution of heavy metals As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Zn and Pb. Sediment samples were collected from 10 stations in dry and rainy season in West Port. The range concentrations measured (Mg/g dry weight ) were from 23.4 to 98.3 for Zn, 22.3 to 80 for Pb, 7.4 to 27.6 Cu, 0.244 to 3.53 for Cd, 7.2 to 22.2 for Ni, 20.2 to 162 for As, 0.11 to 0.409 for Hg and 11.5 to 61.5 for Cr. The geochemical indexes used in this study were Geoaccumulation (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI); these indexes were used to evaluate the levels of sediment contaminations. The results of these indexes show that, the status of West Port sediment quality are moderately polluted by heavy metals except in arsenic which shows the high level of pollution.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heavy%20metals" title="Heavy metals">Heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sediment%20Quality" title=" Sediment Quality"> Sediment Quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=West%20Port." title=" West Port."> West Port.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/assessment-of-sediment-quality-in-the-west-port-based-on-the-index-analysis-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1710</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> ERP Implementation Success in Iran: Examining the Role of System Environment Factors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shahin%20Dezdar">Shahin Dezdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sulaiman%20Ainin"> Sulaiman Ainin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The aim of this paper is to examine factors related to system environment (namely, system quality and vendor support) that influences ERP implementation success in Iranian companies. Implementation success is identified using user satisfaction and organizational impact perspective. The study adopts the survey questionnaire approach to collect empirical data. The questionnaire was distributed to ERP users and a total of 384 responses were used for analysis. The results illustrated that both system quality and vendor support have significant effect on ERP implementation success. This implies that companies must ensure they source for the best available system and a vendor that is dependable, reliable and trustworthy.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Enterprise%20resource%20planning%20%28ERP%29" title="Enterprise resource planning (ERP)">Enterprise resource planning (ERP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=system%20quality" title=" system quality"> system quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vendor%20support." title=" vendor support."> vendor support.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/erp-implementation-success-in-iran-examining-the-role-of-system-environment-factors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2993</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> A Capacitive Sensor Interface Circuit Based on Phase Differential Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20A.%20Majid">H. A. Majid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Razali"> N. Razali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20S.%20Sulaiman"> M. S. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20K.%20A%27ain"> A. K. A'ain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new interface circuit for capacitive sensor is presented. This paper presents the design and simulation of soil moisture capacitive sensor interface circuit based on phase differential technique. The circuit has been designed and fabricated using MIMOS- 0.35"m CMOS technology. Simulation and test results show linear characteristic from 36 – 52 degree phase difference, representing 0 – 100% in soil moisture level. Test result shows the circuit has sensitivity of 0.79mV/0.10 phase difference, translating into resolution of 10% soil moisture level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Capacitive%20sensor" title="Capacitive sensor">Capacitive sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=interface" title=" interface"> interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=phase%20differential." title=" phase differential."> phase differential.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/a-capacitive-sensor-interface-circuit-based-on-phase-differential-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10448.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> A Comparative Study of Virus Detection Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sulaiman%20Al%20Amro">Sulaiman Al Amro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20Alkhalifah"> Ali Alkhalifah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growing number of computer viruses and the detection of zero day malware have been the concern for security researchers for a large period of time. Existing antivirus products (AVs) rely on detecting virus signatures which do not provide a full solution to the problems associated with these viruses. The use of logic formulae to model the behaviour of viruses is one of the most encouraging recent developments in virus research, which provides alternatives to classic virus detection methods. In this paper, we proposed a comparative study about different virus detection techniques. This paper provides the advantages and drawbacks of different detection techniques. Different techniques will be used in this paper to provide a discussion about what technique is more effective to detect computer viruses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Computer%20viruses" title="Computer viruses">Computer viruses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=virus%20detection" title=" virus detection"> virus detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=signature-based" title=" signature-based"> signature-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=behaviour-based" title=" behaviour-based"> behaviour-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heuristic-based." title=" heuristic-based."> heuristic-based.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/a-comparative-study-of-virus-detection-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002328.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4598</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Development of a Spark Electrode Ignition System for an Explosion Vessel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shaharin%20A.%20Sulaiman">Shaharin A. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mizuan%20Minhat"> Mizuan Minhat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents development of an ignition system using spark electrodes for application in a research explosion vessel. A single spark is aimed to be discharged with quantifiable ignition energy. The spark electrode system would enable study of flame propagation, ignitability of fuel-air mixtures and other fundamental characteristics of flames. The principle of the capacitive spark circuit of ASTM is studied to charge an appropriate capacitance connected across the spark gap through a large resistor by a high voltage from the source of power supply until the initiation of spark. Different spark energies could be obtained mainly by varying the value of the capacitance and the supply current. The spark sizes produced are found to be affected by the spark gap, electrode size, input voltage and capacitance value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ignition" title="Ignition">Ignition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spark%20Electrode" title=" Spark Electrode"> Spark Electrode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Flame" title=" Flame"> Flame</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/development-of-a-spark-electrode-ignition-system-for-an-explosion-vessel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11679.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2099</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> The Influence of Doping of Fullerene Derivative (PCBM) on the Optical Properties of Vanadyl Phthalocyanine (VOPc)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fakhra%20Aziz">Fakhra Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Sulaiman"> K. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kh.%20S.%20Karimov"> Kh. S. Karimov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Hassan%20Sayyad"> M. Hassan Sayyad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a spectroscopic study on doping of Vanadyl pathalocyanine (VOPc) by [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The films are characterized by UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy. A drastic increase in the absorption coefficient has been observed with increasing dopant concentration. Optical properties of VOPc:PCBM films deposited by spin coating technique were studied in detail. Optical band gap decreased with the PCBM incorporation in the VOPc film. Optical band gap calculated from the absorption spectra decreased from 3.32 eV to 3.26 eV with a variation of 0–75 % of PCBM concentration in the VOPC films. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Optical%20properties" title="Optical properties">Optical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spin-coating" title=" spin-coating"> spin-coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%20properties" title=" optical properties"> optical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%20energy%20gap" title=" optical energy gap"> optical energy gap</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/the-influence-of-doping-of-fullerene-derivative-pcbm-on-the-optical-properties-of-vanadyl-phthalocyanine-vopc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Packaging Improvement for Unit Cell Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (V-RFB)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20C.%20Khor">A. C. Khor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20R.%20Mohamed"> M. R. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20H.%20Sulaiman"> M. H. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20R.%20Daud"> M. R. Daud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Packaging for vanadium redox flow battery is one of the key elements for successful implementation of flow battery in the electrical energy storage system. Usually the bulky battery size and low energy densities make this technology not available for mobility application. ThereforeRFB with improved packaging size and energy capacity are highly desirable. This paper focuses on the study of packaging improvement for unit cell V-RFB to the application on Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Two different designs of 25cm<sup>2</sup> and 100cm<sup>2</sup> unit cell V-RFB at same current density are used for the sample in this investigation. Further suggestions on packaging improvement are highlighted.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Electric%20vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">Electric vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Redox%20flow%20battery" title=" Redox flow battery"> Redox flow battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Packaging" title=" Packaging"> Packaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vanadium." title=" Vanadium."> Vanadium.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/packaging-improvement-for-unit-cell-vanadium-redox-flow-battery-v-rfb" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2919</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> A Compilation of Nanotechnology in Thin Film Solar Cell Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nurul%20Amziah%20Md%20Yunus">Nurul Amziah Md Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Izhal%20Abdul%20Halin"> Izhal Abdul Halin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nasri%20Sulaiman"> Nasri Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Noor%20Faezah%20Ismail"> Noor Faezah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nik%20Hasniza%20Nik%20Aman"> Nik Hasniza Nik Aman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanotechnology has become the world attention in various applications including the solar cells devices due to the uniqueness and benefits of achieving low cost and better performances of devices. Recently, thin film solar cells such as Cadmium Telluride (CdTe), Copper-Indium-Gallium-diSelenide (CIGS), Copper-Zinc-Tin-Sulphide (CZTS), and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) enhanced by nanotechnology have attracted much attention. Thus, a compilation of nanotechnology devices giving the progress in the solar cells has been presented. It is much related to nanoparticles or nanocrystallines, carbon nanotubes, and nanowires or nanorods structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nanotechnology" title="Nanotechnology">Nanotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanocrystalline" title=" nanocrystalline"> nanocrystalline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanowires" title=" nanowires"> nanowires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=carbon%0D%0Ananotubes" title=" carbon nanotubes"> carbon nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanorods" title=" nanorods"> nanorods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thin%20film%20solar%20cells." title=" thin film solar cells."> thin film solar cells.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/a-compilation-of-nanotechnology-in-thin-film-solar-cell-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3617</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> MEGSOR Iterative Scheme for the Solution of 2D Elliptic PDE's</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Sulaiman">J. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Othman"> M. Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20K.%20Hasan"> M. K. Hasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Recently, the findings on the MEG iterative scheme has demonstrated to accelerate the convergence rate in solving any system of linear equations generated by using approximation equations of boundary value problems. Based on the same scheme, the aim of this paper is to investigate the capability of a family of four-point block iterative methods with a weighted parameter, ω such as the 4 Point-EGSOR, 4 Point-EDGSOR, and 4 Point-MEGSOR in solving two-dimensional elliptic partial differential equations by using the second-order finite difference approximation. In fact, the formulation and implementation of three four-point block iterative methods are also presented. Finally, the experimental results show that the Four Point MEGSOR iterative scheme is superior as compared with the existing four point block schemes.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEG%20iteration" title="MEG iteration">MEG iteration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=second-order%20finite%20difference" title=" second-order finite difference"> second-order finite difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=weighted%20parameter." title=" weighted parameter."> weighted parameter.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/megsor-iterative-scheme-for-the-solution-of-2d-elliptic-pdes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1703</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> A Robust Data Hiding Technique based on LSB Matching</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Emad%20T.%20Khalaf">Emad T. Khalaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Norrozila%20Sulaiman"> Norrozila Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many researchers are working on information hiding techniques using different ideas and areas to hide their secrete data. This paper introduces a robust technique of hiding secret data in image based on LSB insertion and RSA encryption technique. The key of the proposed technique is to encrypt the secret data. Then the encrypted data will be converted into a bit stream and divided it into number of segments. However, the cover image will also be divided into the same number of segments. Each segment of data will be compared with each segment of image to find the best match segment, in order to create a new random sequence of segments to be inserted then in a cover image. Experimental results show that the proposed technique has a high security level and produced better stego-image quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=steganography%3B%20LSB%20Matching%3B%20RSA%20Encryption%3B%0Adata%20segments" title="steganography; LSB Matching; RSA Encryption; data segments">steganography; LSB Matching; RSA Encryption; data segments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/a-robust-data-hiding-technique-based-on-lsb-matching" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Assessment of Sediment Quality According To Heavy Metal Status in the West Port of Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.Tavakoly%20Sany">B.Tavakoly Sany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.H%20.Sulaiman"> A.H .Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GH.%20Monazami"> GH. Monazami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Salleh"> A. Salleh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Eight heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Zn, Hg, Pb, Cd, Ni and As) were analyzed in sediment samples in the dry and wet seasons from November 2009 to October 2010 in West Port of Peninsular Malaysia. The heavy metal concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) were ranged from 23.4 to 98.3 for Zn, 22.3 to 80 for Pb, 7.4 to 27.6 Cu, 0.244 to 3.53 for Cd, 7.2 to 22.2 for Ni, 20.2 to 162 for As, 0.11 to 0.409 for Hg and 11.5 to 61.5 for Cr. Metals concentrations in dry season were higher than the rainy season except in cupper and chromium. Analysis of variance with Statistical Analysis System (SAS) shows that the mean concentration of metals in the two seasons (α level=0.05) are not significantly different which shows that the metals were held firmly in the matrix of sediment. Also there are significant differences between control point station with other stations. According to the Interim Sediment Quality guidelines (ISQG), the metal concentrations are moderately polluted, except in arsenic which shows the highest level of pollution.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heavy%20metals" title="Heavy metals">Heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sediment%20quality%20guidelines" title=" sediment quality guidelines"> sediment quality guidelines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=west%20port." title=" west port."> west port.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/assessment-of-sediment-quality-according-to-heavy-metal-status-in-the-west-port-of-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3798</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> A Proposed Information Extraction Technique in Engineering Drawing for Reuse Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Fahmi%20Mohamad%20Amran">Mohd Fahmi Mohamad Amran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Riza%20Sulaiman"> Riza Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Saliyah%20Kahar"> Saliyah Kahar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suziyanti%20Marjudi"> Suziyanti Marjudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20FairuzAbd%20Rauf"> Muhammad FairuzAbd Rauf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The extensive number of engineering drawing will be referred for planning process and the changes will produce a good engineering design to meet the demand in producing a new model. The advantage in reuse of engineering designs is to allow continuous product development to further improve the quality of product development, thus reduce the development costs. However, to retrieve the existing engineering drawing, it is time consuming, a complex process and are expose to errors. Engineering drawing file searching system will be proposed to solve this problem. It is essential for engineer and designer to have some sort of medium to enable them to search for drawing in the most effective way. This paper lays out the proposed research project under the area of information extraction in engineering drawing.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Computer%20aided%20design" title="Computer aided design">Computer aided design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=information%20extraction" title=" information extraction"> information extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=engineering%20drawing" title=" engineering drawing"> engineering drawing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reuse%20design." title=" reuse design."> reuse design.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/a-proposed-information-extraction-technique-in-engineering-drawing-for-reuse-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Influence of Thermal Annealing on The Structural Properties of Vanadyl Phthalocyanine Thin Films: A Comparative Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fakhra%20Aziz">Fakhra Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Sulaiman"> K. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20R.%20Muhammad"> M. R. Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Hassan%20Sayyad"> M. Hassan Sayyad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kh.%20Karimov"> Kh. Karimov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a comparative study on Vanadyl Phthalocyanine (VOPc) thin films deposited by thermal evaporation and spin coating techniques. The samples were prepared on cleaned glass substrates and annealed at various temperatures ranging form 95oC to 155oC. To obtain the morphological and structural properties of VOPc thin films, X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been implied. The AFM topographic images show a very slight difference in the thermally grown films, before and after annealing, however best results are achieved for the spin-cast film annealed at 125oC. The XRD spectra show no existence of the sharp peaks, suggesting the material to be amorphous. The humps in the XRD patterns indicate the presence of some crystallites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Annealing" title="Annealing">Annealing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%20properties" title=" optical properties"> optical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thin%20films" title=" thin films"> thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vanadylphthalocyanine." title=" Vanadylphthalocyanine."> Vanadylphthalocyanine.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/influence-of-thermal-annealing-on-the-structural-properties-of-vanadyl-phthalocyanine-thin-films-a-comparative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Complexity Reduction Approach with Jacobi Iterative Method for Solving Composite Trapezoidal Algebraic Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohana%20Sundaram%20Muthuvalu">Mohana Sundaram Muthuvalu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jumat%20Sulaiman"> Jumat Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, application of the complexity reduction approach based on half- and quarter-sweep iteration concepts with Jacobi iterative method for solving composite trapezoidal (CT) algebraic equations is discussed. The performances of the methods for CT algebraic equations are comparatively studied by their application in solving linear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. Furthermore, computational complexity analysis and numerical results for three test problems are also included in order to verify performance of the methods.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Complexity%20reduction%20approach" title="Complexity reduction approach">Complexity reduction approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Composite%20trapezoidal%0D%0Ascheme" title=" Composite trapezoidal scheme"> Composite trapezoidal scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jacobi%20method" title=" Jacobi method"> Jacobi method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Linear%20Fredholm%20integral%20equations" title=" Linear Fredholm integral equations"> Linear Fredholm integral equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/complexity-reduction-approach-with-jacobi-iterative-method-for-solving-composite-trapezoidal-algebraic-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1595</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Optimal Embedded Generation Allocation in Distribution System Employing Real Coded Genetic Algorithm Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Herwan%20Sulaiman">Mohd Herwan Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Omar%20Aliman"> Omar Aliman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Siti%20Rafidah%20Abdul%20Rahim"> Siti Rafidah Abdul Rahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a new methodology for the optimal allocation and sizing of Embedded Generation (EG) employing Real Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA) to minimize the total power losses and to improve voltage profiles in the radial distribution networks. RCGA is a method that uses continuous floating numbers as representation which is different from conventional binary numbers. The RCGA is used as solution tool, which can determine the optimal location and size of EG in radial system simultaneously. This method is developed in MATLAB. The effect of EG units- installation and their sizing to the distribution networks are demonstrated using 24 bus system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Embedded%20generation%20%28EG%29" title="Embedded generation (EG)">Embedded generation (EG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=load%20flow%20study" title=" load flow study"> load flow study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimal%20allocation" title="optimal allocation">optimal allocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=real%20coded%20genetic%20algorithm%20%28RCGA%29." title=" real coded genetic algorithm (RCGA)."> real coded genetic algorithm (RCGA).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/optimal-embedded-generation-allocation-in-distribution-system-employing-real-coded-genetic-algorithm-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1903</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Ecological Risk Assessment of Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the North Port, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Belin%20Tavakoly%20Sany">Belin Tavakoly Sany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aishah%20Salleh"> Aishah Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdul%20Halim%20Sulaiman"> Abdul Halim Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ghazaleh%20Monazami%20Tehrani"> Ghazaleh Monazami Tehrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pollution of sediments sampled from the North Port by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated. Concentrations of PAHs estimated in the port sediments ranged from 199 to 2851.2 μg/kg dw. The highest concentration was found which is closed to the Berth line, this locations affected by intensive shipping activities and Land based runoff and they were dominated by the high molecular weight PAHs (4–6- rings). Source identification showed that PAHs originated mostly from the pyrogenic source either from the combustion of fossil fuels, grass, wood and coal (majority of the samples). Ecological Risk Assessment on the port sediments presented that slightly adverse ecological effects to biological community are expected to occur at the vicinity of the stations 1 and 4. Thus PAHs are not considered as pollutants of concern in the North Port. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PAHs" title="PAHs">PAHs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=North%20Port" title=" North Port"> North Port</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ecological%20Risk" title=" Ecological Risk"> Ecological Risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sediment" title=" sediment"> sediment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/ecological-risk-assessment-of-poly-aromatic-hydrocarbons-in-the-north-port-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1841</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> A Survey: Clustering Ensembles Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reza%20Ghaemi">Reza Ghaemi </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Md.%20Nasir%20Sulaiman"> Md. Nasir Sulaiman </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hamidah%20Ibrahim"> Hamidah Ibrahim </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Norwati%20Mustapha"> Norwati Mustapha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The clustering ensembles combine multiple partitions generated by different clustering algorithms into a single clustering solution. Clustering ensembles have emerged as a prominent method for improving robustness, stability and accuracy of unsupervised classification solutions. So far, many contributions have been done to find consensus clustering. One of the major problems in clustering ensembles is the consensus function. In this paper, firstly, we introduce clustering ensembles, representation of multiple partitions, its challenges and present taxonomy of combination algorithms. Secondly, we describe consensus functions in clustering ensembles including Hypergraph partitioning, Voting approach, Mutual information, Co-association based functions and Finite mixture model, and next explain their advantages, disadvantages and computational complexity. Finally, we compare the characteristics of clustering ensembles algorithms such as computational complexity, robustness, simplicity and accuracy on different datasets in previous techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clustering%20Ensembles" title="Clustering Ensembles">Clustering Ensembles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Combinational%20Algorithm" title=" Combinational Algorithm"> Combinational Algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Consensus%20Function" title="Consensus Function">Consensus Function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Unsupervised%20Classification." title=" Unsupervised Classification."> Unsupervised Classification.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/a-survey-clustering-ensembles-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> WPRiMA Tool: Managing Risks in Web Projects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thamer%20Al-Rousan">Thamer Al-Rousan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shahida%20Sulaiman"> Shahida Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rosalina%20Abdul%20Salam"> Rosalina Abdul Salam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Risk management is an essential fraction of project management, which plays a significant role in project success. Many failures associated with Web projects are the consequences of poor awareness of the risks involved and lack of process models that can serve as a guideline for the development of Web based applications. To circumvent this problem, contemporary process models have been devised for the development of conventional software. This paper introduces the WPRiMA (Web Project Risk Management Assessment) as the tool, which is used to implement RIAP, the risk identification architecture pattern model, which focuses upon the data from the proprietor-s and vendor-s perspectives. The paper also illustrates how WPRiMA tool works and how it can be used to calculate the risk level for a given Web project, to generate recommendations in order to facilitate risk avoidance in a project, and to improve the prospects of early risk management.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Architecture%20pattern%20model" title="Architecture pattern model">Architecture pattern model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=risk%20identification" title=" risk identification"> risk identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=web%20project" title=" web project"> web project</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=web%20project%20risk%20management%20assessment." title=" web project risk management assessment."> web project risk management assessment.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/wprima-tool-managing-risks-in-web-projects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8348.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1593</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Analysis of Boiling in Rectangular Micro Channel Heat Sink </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20Jassim%20Shkarah">Ahmed Jassim Shkarah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Yusoff%20Bin%20Sulaiman"> Mohd Yusoff Bin Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Md%20Razali%20bin%20Hj%20Ayob"> Md Razali bin Hj Ayob</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A 3D-conjugate numerical investigation was conducted to predict heat transfer characteristics in a rectangular cross-sectional micro-channel employing simultaneously developing Tow-phase flows. The sole purpose for analyzing two phase flow heat transfer in rectangular micro channel is to pin point what are the different factors affecting this phenomenon. Different methods and techniques have been undertaken to analyze the equations arising constituting the flow of heat from gas phase to liquid phase and vice versa.Different models of micro channels have been identified and analyzed. How the geometry of micro channels affects their activity i.e. of circular and non-circular geometry has also been reviewed. To the study the results average Nusselt no plotted against the Reynolds no has been taken into consideration to study average heat exchange in micro channels against applied heat flux. High heat fluxes up to 140 W/cm2 were applied to investigate micro-channel thermal characteristics.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tow%20Phase%20flow" title="Tow Phase flow">Tow Phase flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Micro%20channel" title=" Micro channel"> Micro channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=VOF." title=" VOF. "> VOF. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/analysis-of-boiling-in-rectangular-micro-channel-heat-sink" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998801.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1986</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Application of the Central-Difference with Half- Sweep Gauss-Seidel Method for Solving First Order Linear Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Aruchunan">E. Aruchunan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Sulaiman"> J. Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this paper is to analyse the application of the Half-Sweep Gauss-Seidel (HSGS) method by using the Half-sweep approximation equation based on central difference (CD) and repeated trapezoidal (RT) formulas to solve linear fredholm integro-differential equations of first order. The formulation and implementation of the Full-Sweep Gauss-Seidel (FSGS) and Half- Sweep Gauss-Seidel (HSGS) methods are also presented. The HSGS method has been shown to rapid compared to the FSGS methods. Some numerical tests were illustrated to show that the HSGS method is superior to the FSGS method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Integro-differential%20equations" title="Integro-differential equations">Integro-differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Linear%20fredholm%0Aequations" title=" Linear fredholm equations"> Linear fredholm equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Finite%20difference" title=" Finite difference"> Finite difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Quadrature%20formulas" title=" Quadrature formulas"> Quadrature formulas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Half-Sweep%0Aiteration." title=" Half-Sweep iteration."> Half-Sweep iteration.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/application-of-the-central-difference-with-half-sweep-gauss-seidel-method-for-solving-first-order-linear-fredholm-integro-differential-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1816</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Liveability of Kuala Lumpur City Centre: An Evaluation of the Happiness Level of the Streets- Activities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shuhana%20Shamsuddin">Shuhana Shamsuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nur%20Rasyiqah%20Abu%20Hassan"> Nur Rasyiqah Abu Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmad%20Bashri%20Sulaiman"> Ahmad Bashri Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Liveable city is referred to as the quality of life in an area that contributes towards a safe, healthy and enjoyable place. This paper discusses the role of the streets- activities in making Kuala Lumpur a liveable city and the happiness level of the residents towards the city-s street activities. The study was conducted using the residents of Kuala Lumpur. A mixed method technique is used with the quantitative data as a main data and supported by the qualitative data. Data were collected using questionnaires, observation and also an interview session with a sample of residents of Kuala Lumpur. The sampling technique is based on multistage cluster data sampling. The findings revealed that, there is still no significant relationship between the length of stay of the resident in Kuala Lumpur with the happiness level towards the street activities that occurred in the city. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Liveable%20city" title="Liveable city">Liveable city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=activities" title=" activities"> activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=urban%20design%20quality" title=" urban design quality"> urban design quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=happiness%20level." title=" happiness level."> happiness level.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13643/liveability-of-kuala-lumpur-city-centre-an-evaluation-of-the-happiness-level-of-the-streets-activities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13643/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13643/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13643/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13643/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13643/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13643/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13643/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13643/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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