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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mabadiliko ya karibuni</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:UkurasawaBahati" title="Onyesha ukurasa wa bahati [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ukurasa wa bahati</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Mahali pa kueleweshwa."><span>Msaada</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Mwanzo" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sw.svg" width="117" height="10" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.625em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:Tafuta" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Tafuta Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Tafuta</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Tafuta Wikipedia" aria-label="Tafuta Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Tafuta Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Maalum:Tafuta"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Tafuta</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Zana binafsi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Mandhari"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Badilisha mandhari ya ukubwa, upana, na rangi ya fonti ya ukurasa" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mandhari" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mandhari</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sw.wikipedia.org&uselang=sw" class=""><span>Michango</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:SajiliAkaunti&returnto=Waostrogoti" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Unda akaunti</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:IngiaMtumiaji&returnto=Waostrogoti" title="Tunakushajiisha kuingia, lakini siyo lazima. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ingia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tovuti"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Yaliyomo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yaliyomo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mwanzo</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tanbihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tanbihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tanbihi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tanbihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vyanzo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vyanzo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vyanzo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vyanzo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viungo_vya_nje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Viungo vya nje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Yaliyomo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Waostrogoti</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nenda kwenye makala kwa lugha nyingine. Lugha 78 zinapatikana" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-78" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lugha 78</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostgoten" title="Ostgoten – Kijerumani cha Uswisi" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ostgoten" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani cha Uswisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogodos" title="Ostrogodos – Kiaragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ostrogodos" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Kiaragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B7_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="قوط شرقيون – Kiarabu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قوط شرقيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AB" title="اوستروجوث – Kiarabu cha Misri" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوستروجوث" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu cha Misri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogodos" title="Ostrogodos – Kiasturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ostrogodos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Kiasturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostqotlar" title="Ostqotlar – Kiazerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ostqotlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Kiazerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Остготтар – Kibashkiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Остготтар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Kibashkiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Остготы – Kibelarusi" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Остготы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Kibelarusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Остроготи – Kibulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Остроготи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Kibulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoted" title="Ostrogoted – Kibretoni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ostrogoted" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Kibretoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogots" title="Ostrogots – Kikatalani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ostrogots" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Kikatalani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrog%C3%B3ti" title="Ostrogóti – Kicheki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ostrogóti" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Kicheki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Остготсем – Kichuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Остготсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Kichuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogothiaid" title="Ostrogothiaid – Kiwelisi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ostrogothiaid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Kiwelisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoterne" title="Ostrogoterne – Kidenmaki" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ostrogoterne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Kidenmaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostgoten" title="Ostgoten – Kijerumani" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ostgoten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Οστρογότθοι – Kigiriki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οστρογότθοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Kigiriki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths – Kiingereza" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ostrogoths" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogotoj" title="Ostrogotoj – Kiesperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ostrogotoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Kiesperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_ostrogodo" title="Pueblo ostrogodo – Kihispania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblo ostrogodo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Kihispania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idagoodid" title="Idagoodid – Kiestonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Idagoodid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Kiestonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogodo" title="Ostrogodo – Kibaski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ostrogodo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Kibaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="اوستروگوت‌ها – Kiajemi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اوستروگوت‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Kiajemi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C3%A4gootit" title="Itägootit – Kifini" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Itägootit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Kifini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths – Kifaransa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ostrogoths" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Kifaransa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoaten" title="Ostrogoaten – Kifrisia cha Magharibi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ostrogoaten" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Magharibi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogodos" title="Ostrogodos – Kigalisi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ostrogodos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Kigalisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0_(%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%83)" title="𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰 (𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃) – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰 (𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃)" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%92%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אוסטרוגותים – Kiebrania" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוסטרוגותים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Kiebrania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dni_Goti" title="Istočni Goti – Kikorasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Istočni Goti" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kikorasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keleti_g%C3%B3tok" title="Keleti gótok – Kihungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Keleti gótok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Kihungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A3%D5%B8%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Օստգոթեր – Kiarmenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օստգոթեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Kiarmenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoth" title="Ostrogoth – Kiindonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ostrogoth" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Kiindonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoti" title="Ostrogoti – Kiido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ostrogoti" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Kiido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoti" title="Ostrogoti – Kiitaliano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ostrogoti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Kiitaliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E3%82%B4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E6%97%8F" title="東ゴート族 – Kijapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="東ゴート族" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Kijapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ოსტგუთები – Kijojia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოსტგუთები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Kijojia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EA%B3%A0%ED%8A%B8%EC%A1%B1" title="동고트족 – Kikorea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="동고트족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Kikorea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogothi" title="Ostrogothi – Kilatini" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ostrogothi" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Kilatini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoto" title="Ostrogoto – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ostrogoto" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoti" title="Ostrogoti – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ostrogoti" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostgotai" title="Ostgotai – Kilithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ostgotai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Kilithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostgoti" title="Ostgoti – Kilatvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ostgoti" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Kilatvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Остроготи – Kimacedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Остроготи" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Kimacedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ഓസ്ട്രോഗോത്ത് – Kimalayalamu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓസ്ട്രോഗോത്ത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Kimalayalamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoth" title="Ostrogoth – Kimalei" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ostrogoth" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Kimalei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogodos" title="Ostrogodos – Kimirandi" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ostrogodos" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Kimirandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AC_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86" title="خارتوئیج گوت‌ئون – Kimazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="خارتوئیج گوت‌ئون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Kimazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostgoten" title="Ostgoten – Kisaksoni" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ostgoten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Kisaksoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoten" title="Ostrogoten – Kiholanzi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ostrogoten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Kiholanzi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austgotarar" title="Austgotarar – Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Austgotarar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98stgotere" title="Østgotere – Kinorwe cha Bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Østgotere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrog%C3%B2ts" title="Ostrogòts – Kiokitani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ostrogòts" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Kiokitani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoci" title="Ostrogoci – Kipolandi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ostrogoci" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Kipolandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogodos" title="Ostrogodos – Kireno" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ostrogodos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Kireno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogo%C8%9Bi" title="Ostrogoți – Kiromania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ostrogoți" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Kiromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Остготы – Kirusi" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Остготы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Kirusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogotos" title="Ostrogotos – Kisardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ostrogotos" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Kisardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoti" title="Ostrogoti – Kisicilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ostrogoti" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Kisicilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths – Kiskoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ostrogoths" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Kiskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoti" title="Ostrogoti – Kiserbia-kroeshia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ostrogoti" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia-kroeshia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ostrogoths" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrog%C3%B3ti" title="Ostrogóti – Kislovakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ostrogóti" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoti" title="Ostrogoti – Kislovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ostrogoti" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Kislovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogot%C3%ABt" title="Ostrogotët – Kialbania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ostrogotët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Kialbania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Остроготи – Kiserbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Остроготи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoter" title="Ostrogoter – Kiswidi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ostrogoter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Kiswidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%97" title="ชาวออสโตรกอท – Kithai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชาวออสโตรกอท" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Kithai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_Ostrogodo" title="Mga Ostrogodo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mga Ostrogodo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogotlar" title="Ostrogotlar – Kituruki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ostrogotlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Kituruki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Остготлар – Kitatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Остготлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Kitatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Остготи – Kiukraini" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Остготи" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Kiukraini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%BE" title="اوسٹروگاتھ – Kiurdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اوسٹروگاتھ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Kiurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostgotlar" title="Ostgotlar – Kiuzbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ostgotlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Kiuzbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Ostrogoth" title="Người Ostrogoth – Kivietinamu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Ostrogoth" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Kivietinamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%93%A5%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%BA" title="东哥特人 – Kichina cha Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="东哥特人" 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PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&printable=yes" title="Toleo linalochapika la ukurasa huu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Ukurasa wa kuchapika</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Miradi mingine </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoths" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q103122" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata kifungu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Zana za ukurasa"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Mandhari"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mandhari</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa 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decoding="async" width="170" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Grande_Ludovisi_Altemps_Inv8574_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Grande_Ludovisi_Altemps_Inv8574_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Grande_Ludovisi_Altemps_Inv8574_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Grande_Ludovisi_Altemps_Inv8574_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="982" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Askari" title="Askari">Askari</a> wa Kigoti akipambana na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapandafarasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wapandafarasi (bado haujaandikwa)">wapandafarasi</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludovisi_Battle_sarcophagus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (bado haujaandikwa)">Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus</a> (karne ya 3).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Europe_at_the_death_of_Theoderic_the_Great_in_526.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Europe_at_the_death_of_Theoderic_the_Great_in_526.jpg/220px-Europe_at_the_death_of_Theoderic_the_Great_in_526.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Europe_at_the_death_of_Theoderic_the_Great_in_526.jpg/330px-Europe_at_the_death_of_Theoderic_the_Great_in_526.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Europe_at_the_death_of_Theoderic_the_Great_in_526.jpg/440px-Europe_at_the_death_of_Theoderic_the_Great_in_526.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1961" /></a><figcaption>Ufalme wa Waostrogoti (njano) alipofariki Theodoriki Mkuu (<a href="/wiki/526" title="526">526</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Waostrogoti</b> (yaani <a href="/wiki/Wagoti" title="Wagoti">Wagoti</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Mashariki" title="Mashariki">Mashariki</a>) walikuwa <a href="/wiki/Kabila" title="Kabila">kabila</a> la <a href="/wiki/Kigermanik" class="mw-redirect" title="Kigermanik">Kigermanik</a> ambalo, pamoja na <a href="/wiki/Wavisigoti" title="Wavisigoti">Wavisigoti</a>, walichangia sana anguko la <a href="/wiki/Dola_la_Roma" title="Dola la Roma">Dola la Roma</a> na mwanzo wa <a href="/wiki/Karne_za_Kati" class="mw-redirect" title="Karne za Kati">Karne za Kati</a> <a href="/wiki/Ulaya" title="Ulaya">Ulaya</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Hariri sehemu: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historia"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wakitokea labda <a href="/wiki/Uswidi" title="Uswidi">Uswidi</a>, wanatajwa na <a href="/wiki/Waandishi" class="mw-redirect" title="Waandishi">waandishi</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Roma_ya_Kale" title="Roma ya Kale">Roma ya Kale</a> kama wakazi wa <a href="/wiki/Beseni" class="mw-disambig" title="Beseni">beseni</a> la <a href="/wiki/Vistula" class="mw-redirect" title="Vistula">Vistula</a> (leo <a href="/wiki/Polandi" title="Polandi">Polandi</a> <a href="/wiki/Kaskazini" title="Kaskazini">Kaskazini</a>) katika <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_1" title="Karne ya 1">karne ya 1</a>. Baadaye walienea kwenye <a href="/wiki/Bahari_Nyeusi" title="Bahari Nyeusi">Bahari Nyeusi</a>, walipowazidi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasarmatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wasarmatia (bado haujaandikwa)">Wasarmatia</a> kama watawala wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mbuga_za_Ponto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mbuga za Ponto (bado haujaandikwa)">Mbuga za Ponto</a> wakaanza kushambulia maeneo ya Dola la Roma hadi <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>. </p><p>Wakati huo waligawanyika kati ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wathervingi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wathervingi (bado haujaandikwa)">Wathervingi</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wagreuthungi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wagreuthungi (bado haujaandikwa)">Wagreuthungi</a>. <a href="/wiki/Miaka_ya_300" title="Miaka ya 300">Miaka ya 300</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ermanariki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ermanariki (bado haujaandikwa)">Ermanariki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mfalme" title="Mfalme">mfalme</a> wa Wagreuthungi, alitawala kutoka <a href="/wiki/Bahari_ya_Baltiki" title="Bahari ya Baltiki">Bahari ya Baltiki</a> hadi Bahari Nyeusi, na <a href="/wiki/Milima_ya_Urali" class="mw-redirect" title="Milima ya Urali">Milima ya Urali</a>. Wakati huo wengi wao waliingia <a href="/wiki/Ukristo" title="Ukristo">Ukristo</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Madhehebu" title="Madhehebu">madhehebu</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Uario" title="Uario">Uario</a> kwa <a href="/wiki/Umisionari" title="Umisionari">umisionari</a> wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulfilas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulfilas (bado haujaandikwa)">Ulfilas</a>, aliyebuni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kigoti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabeti ya Kigoti (bado haujaandikwa)">alfabeti ya Kigoti</a> kuandika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblia_ya_Kigoti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biblia ya Kigoti (bado haujaandikwa)">Biblia ya Kigoti</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Miaka_ya_370" title="Miaka ya 370">Miaka ya 370</a> maeneo ya Wagoti yalivamiwa na <a href="/wiki/Wahunni" title="Wahunni">Wahunni</a>. Wagreuthungi wakakaa chini yao wakaja kuitwa Waostrogoti, kumbe Wathervingi, waliojulikana baadaye kama <a href="/wiki/Wavisigoti" title="Wavisigoti">Wavisigoti</a>, walivuka <a href="/wiki/Mto" title="Mto">mto</a> <a href="/wiki/Danube" class="mw-redirect" title="Danube">Danube</a> na kuvamia Dola la Roma. Baada ya kunyanyaswa sana, waliasi na kushinda Warumi katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mapigano_ya_Adrianopoli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mapigano ya Adrianopoli (bado haujaandikwa)">Mapigano ya Adrianopoli</a> <a href="/wiki/Mwaka" title="Mwaka">mwaka</a> <a href="/wiki/378" title="378">378</a>. Chini ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alariki_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alariki I (bado haujaandikwa)">Alariki I</a>, waliteka <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a> yenyewe mwaka <a href="/wiki/410" title="410">410</a>, na hatimaye wakalowea <a href="/wiki/Galia" class="mw-redirect" title="Galia">Galia</a> na <a href="/wiki/Hispania" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispania">Hispania</a>, walipounda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ufalme_wa_Wavisigoti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ufalme wa Wavisigoti (bado haujaandikwa)">Ufalme wa Wavisigoti</a>. </p><p>Wakiungana na <a href="/wiki/Dola_la_Roma_Magharibi" title="Dola la Roma Magharibi">Dola la Roma Magharibi</a> dhidi ya Wahunni wa <a href="/wiki/Attila" title="Attila">Attila</a> na Waostrogoti walipata ushindi kwenye <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mapigano_ya_Uwanja_wa_Katalauni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mapigano ya Uwanja wa Katalauni (bado haujaandikwa)">Mapigano ya Uwanja wa Katalauni</a> mwaka <a href="/wiki/451" title="451">451</a>. Hapo Waostrogoti walijinasua katika utawala wa Wahunni wakavamia <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> mwishoni mwa <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_5" title="Karne ya 5">karne ya 5</a> chini ya mfalme <a href="/wiki/Theodoriki_Mkuu" title="Theodoriki Mkuu">Theodoriki Mkuu</a>, wakaanzisha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ufalme_wa_Waostrogoti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ufalme wa Waostrogoti (bado haujaandikwa)">Ufalme wa Waostrogoti</a>. </p><p>Kidogo tu baada ya <a href="/wiki/Kifo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kifo">kifo</a> cha Theodoriki (<a href="/wiki/526" title="526">526</a>), Italia ilitekwa tena (<a href="/wiki/535" title="535">535</a>–<a href="/wiki/554" title="554">554</a>) na <a href="/wiki/Kaisari" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisari">kaisari</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Dola_la_Roma_Mashariki" class="mw-redirect" title="Dola la Roma Mashariki">Roma Mashariki</a> <a href="/wiki/Justinian_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Justinian I">Justinian I</a>, lakini baada ya miaka michache <a href="/wiki/Walombardi" title="Walombardi">Walombardi</a>, wakitokea <a href="/wiki/Skandinavia" title="Skandinavia">Skandinavia</a>, waliteka Italia na kumeza Waostrogoti waliokuwa wamebaki. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tanbihi">Tanbihi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Hariri sehemu: Tanbihi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Tanbihi"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vyanzo">Vyanzo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Hariri sehemu: Vyanzo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Vyanzo"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:30em; -webkit-column-count:30em; column-count:30em;text-indent:-3.5em; padding-left: 0; margin-left: 3.5em; list-style-position: inside;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Amory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Amory (bado haujaandikwa)">Amory, Patrick</a>. <i>People and Identity in Ostrogothic Italy, 489–554</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0521526353" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-52635-3</a>.</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1346650">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBackman2008" class="citation book cs1">Backman, Clifford R (2008). <i>The Worlds of Medieval Europe</i>. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-19-533527-9" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-19-533527-9"><bdi>978-0-19-533527-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Worlds+of+Medieval+Europe&rft.place=Oxford+and+New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-19-533527-9&rft.aulast=Backman&rft.aufirst=Clifford+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFBauer2010" class="citation book cs1">Bauer, Susan Wise (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofmedieva0000baue"><i>The History of the Medieval World: From the Conversion of Constantine to the First Crusade</i></a>. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-39305-975-5" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-39305-975-5"><bdi>978-0-39305-975-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Medieval+World%3A+From+the+Conversion+of+Constantine+to+the+First+Crusade&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-39305-975-5&rft.aulast=Bauer&rft.aufirst=Susan+Wise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofmedieva0000baue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFBurns1984" class="citation book cs1">Burns, Thomas (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyoftheostr00burn"><i>A History of the Ostrogoths</i></a>. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-253-32831-4" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-253-32831-4"><bdi>0-253-32831-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Ostrogoths&rft.place=Bloomington+and+Indianapolis&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-253-32831-4&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryoftheostr00burn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFBury2000" class="citation book cs1">Bury, J. B. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/invasionofeurope00jbjo"><i>The Invasion of Europe by the Barbarians</i></a>. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-39300-388-8" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-39300-388-8"><bdi>978-0-39300-388-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Invasion+of+Europe+by+the+Barbarians&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-39300-388-8&rft.aulast=Bury&rft.aufirst=J.+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finvasionofeurope00jbjo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFCantor1994" class="citation book cs1">Cantor, Norman F. (1994). <i>The Civilization of the Middle Ages</i>. New York: Harper Perennial. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-06-092553-1" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-06-092553-1"><bdi>0-06-092553-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Civilization+of+the+Middle+Ages&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper+Perennial&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-06-092553-1&rft.aulast=Cantor&rft.aufirst=Norman+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1910" class="citation book cs1">Chisholm, Hugh (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediabr10chisgoog"><i>The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information</i></a>. (Volumes 11-12). New York: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%3A+A+Dictionary+of+Arts%2C+Sciences%2C+Literature+and+General+Information&rft.place=%28Volumes+11-12%29.+New+York&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Inc&rft.date=1910&rft.aulast=Chisholm&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopaediabr10chisgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: location (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_location&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: location (bado haujaandikwa)">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFCollins1999" class="citation book cs1">Collins, Roger (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/earlymedievaleur0000coll_a7n9"><i>Early Medieval Europe, 300–1000</i></a>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-33365-808-6" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-33365-808-6"><bdi>978-0-33365-808-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Medieval+Europe%2C+300%E2%80%931000&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-33365-808-6&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fearlymedievaleur0000coll_a7n9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFDalby1999" class="citation book cs1">Dalby, Andrew (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoflang00dalb"><i>Dictionary of Languages</i></a>. New York: Columbia University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-23111-568-1" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-23111-568-1"><bdi>978-0-23111-568-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Languages&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-23111-568-1&rft.aulast=Dalby&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryoflang00dalb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Puy1899" class="citation book cs1">De Puy, William Harrison (1899). <i>The World-wide Encyclopedia and Gazetteer (vol 4)</i>. New York: Werner Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World-wide+Encyclopedia+and+Gazetteer+%28vol+4%29&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Werner+Co.&rft.date=1899&rft.aulast=De+Puy&rft.aufirst=William+Harrison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, "Ostrogoth", stable URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/434454/Ostrogoth">http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/434454/Ostrogoth</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFFrassetto2003" class="citation book cs1">Frassetto, Michael (2003). <i>Encyclopedia of Barbarian Europe: Society in Transformation</i>. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-1-57607-263-9" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-1-57607-263-9"><bdi>978-1-57607-263-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Barbarian+Europe%3A+Society+in+Transformation&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+CA&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-57607-263-9&rft.aulast=Frassetto&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFHalsall2007" class="citation book cs1">Halsall, Guy (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/barbarianmigrati0000hals"><i>Barbarian Migrations and the Roman West, 376–568</i></a>. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-52143-543-7" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-52143-543-7"><bdi>978-0-52143-543-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Barbarian+Migrations+and+the+Roman+West%2C+376%E2%80%93568&rft.place=Cambridge+and+New+York&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-52143-543-7&rft.aulast=Halsall&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbarbarianmigrati0000hals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFHeather1996" class="citation book cs1">Heather, Peter (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/goths0000heat"><i>The Goths</i></a>. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-631-16536-3" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-631-16536-3"><bdi>0-631-16536-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Goths&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishers&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-631-16536-3&rft.aulast=Heather&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgoths0000heat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFLarned1895" class="citation book cs1">Larned, J. N., ed. (1895). <i>History for Ready Reference</i>. Cambridge, MA: C.A. Nichols.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+for+Ready+Reference&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA&rft.pub=C.A.+Nichols&rft.date=1895&rft.aulast=Larned&rft.aufirst=J.+N.%2C+ed.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|first=</code> has generic name (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (bado haujaandikwa)">link</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Christopher_Mierow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Christopher Mierow (bado haujaandikwa)">Mierow, Charles Christopher</a> (translator). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/jordgeti.html"><i>The Gothic History of Jordanes</i>. In English Version with an Introduction and a Commentary.</a> 1915. Reprinted by Evolution Publishing, 2006. <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1889758779" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-889758-77-9</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFOman1902" class="citation book cs1">Oman, Charles W.C (1902). <i>The Byzantine Empire</i>. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Byzantine+Empire&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=G.P.+Putnam%E2%80%99s+Sons&rft.date=1902&rft.aulast=Oman&rft.aufirst=Charles+W.C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFTodd1999" class="citation book cs1">Todd, Malcolm (1999). <i>The Early Germans</i>. Oxford: Blackwell. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-631-16397-2" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-631-16397-2"><bdi>0-631-16397-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Early+Germans&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-631-16397-2&rft.aulast=Todd&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFWaldmanMason2006" class="citation book cs1">Waldman, Carl; Mason, Allan R. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofeu0002wald"><i>Encyclopedia of European Peoples</i></a>. New York: Facts on File. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-81604-964-6" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-81604-964-6"><bdi>978-0-81604-964-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+European+Peoples&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Facts+on+File&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-81604-964-6&rft.aulast=Waldman&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.au=Mason%2C+Allan+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofeu0002wald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFWallace-Hadrill2004" class="citation book cs1">Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. (2004). <i>The Barbarian West, 400–1000</i>. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-63120-292-9" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-63120-292-9"><bdi>978-0-63120-292-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Barbarian+West%2C+400%E2%80%931000&rft.place=Malden%2C+MA&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-63120-292-9&rft.aulast=Wallace-Hadrill&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFWolfram1988" class="citation book cs1">Wolfram, Herwig (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofgoths0000wolf"><i>History of the Goths</i></a>. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-52006-983-1" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-52006-983-1"><bdi>978-0-52006-983-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Goths&rft.place=Berkeley+and+Los+Angeles&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-52006-983-1&rft.aulast=Wolfram&rft.aufirst=Herwig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofgoths0000wolf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFWolfram1997" class="citation book cs1">Wolfram, Herwig (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/romanempireitsge0000wolf"><i>The Roman Empire and its Germanic Peoples</i></a>. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-520-08511-6" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-520-08511-6"><bdi>0-520-08511-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roman+Empire+and+its+Germanic+Peoples&rft.place=Berkeley+and+Los+Angeles&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-520-08511-6&rft.aulast=Wolfram&rft.aufirst=Herwig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fromanempireitsge0000wolf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AWaostrogoti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viungo_vya_nje">Viungo vya nje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Hariri sehemu: Viungo vya nje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Viungo vya nje"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> media kuhusu <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ostrogoths" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ostrogoths">Ostrogoths</a> pa <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></li></ul> <table style="font-size:90%; width: 65%; padding: 3px; margin: 0 auto;" class="toccolours"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Hourglass.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hourglass.svg/30px-Hourglass.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hourglass.svg/45px-Hourglass.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hourglass.svg/60px-Hourglass.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="315" /></a></span> </td> <td>Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya kihistoria bado ni <b>mbegu</b>. <br /> Je, unajua kitu kuhusu <b>Waostrogoti</b> kama enzi zake au matokeo yake? <br />Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? <br />Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa <a class="external text" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?stub&title=Waostrogoti&action=edit">kuihariri na kuongeza habari</a><i>.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rudishwa kutoka "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&oldid=1313832">https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waostrogoti&oldid=1313832</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:Jamii" title="Maalum:Jamii">Jamii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:Pages using the JsonConfig extension (bado haujaandikwa)">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_errors:_invalid_parameter_value&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 errors: invalid parameter value (bado haujaandikwa)">CS1 errors: invalid parameter value</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_location&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: location (bado haujaandikwa)">CS1 maint: location</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_errors:_generic_name&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 errors: generic name (bado haujaandikwa)">CS1 errors: generic name</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (bado haujaandikwa)">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Mbegu_za_historia" title="Jamii:Mbegu za historia">Mbegu za historia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Makabila_ya_Wagermanik" title="Jamii:Makabila ya Wagermanik">Makabila ya Wagermanik</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Historia_ya_Ulaya" title="Jamii:Historia ya Ulaya">Historia ya Ulaya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Historia_ya_Italia" title="Jamii:Historia ya Italia">Historia ya Italia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Jamii iliofichwa: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links" title="Jamii:Pages using ISBN magic links">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ukurasa huu umebadilishwa kwa mara ya mwisho tarehe 17 Desemba 2023, saa 23:04.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Maandishi yanapatikana chini ya leseni ya <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; matakwa mengine yanaweza kutakiwa. 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