House Members Who Became U.S. Supreme Court Justices | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives

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r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,S,Se,Oe,O,M,ot,ut,Pe,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script> <meta http-equiv="imagetoolbar" content="false" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-L1D9PT8Y60"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-L1D9PT8Y60'); </script> <meta property="og:title" content="House Members Who Became U.S. Supreme Court Justices | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives" /> <meta property="og:description" content="There have been 17 former House Members who have served on the U.S. Supreme Court. 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<img src="https://historycms.house.gov/assets/37609.jpeg?wd=190" /> </a> <span class="date">September 17, 1789 </span> <h3><a href="/Historical-Highlights/1700s/The-establishment-of-the-Supreme-Court/">The establishment of the Supreme Court</a></h3> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="inner clearfix"> <h1>House Members Who Became U.S. Supreme Court Justices</h1> <p> <p> <div class="captionbox captionbox-190 "> <img alt="Philip P. Barbour" class="zoomable" src="https://historycms.house.gov/assets/32981.asset?wd=190" /><span class="zoomable-path">/tiles/non-collection/B/Barbour.xml</span> <span class="credit">Collection of the U.S. House of Representatives<br /><a title="About this object" href="/Collection/Listing/2005/2005-016-010/">About this object</a></span> <span class="caption">Philip P. Barbour of Virginia served eight terms in the House of Representatives, including one as Speaker before becoming a Supreme Court Justice in 1836.</span> </div> There have been 17 former House Members who have served on the U.S. Supreme Court. Among this number, two were Chief Justices of the United States. This chart lists these individuals, along with information about the other public offices they held. <br /><br />In only one case was a House Member appointed to the Supreme Court directly: <a href="/People/Detail?id=23478" title="James M. Wayne">James M. Wayne</a> in 1835. </p><p> </p> </p> <div class="manual-table manual-table-not-sortable" > <p> <table><thead><tr><th>Individual (House Service)</th><th>State</th><th>House Service Political Party</th><th>Supreme Court Service</th><th>Public Career</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><a title="Fred M. Vinson" href="/People/Detail/21002?ret=True">Fred M. Vinson</a> (1924–1929, 1931–1938)</td><td>Kentucky </td><td>Democrat </td><td>Chief Justice, 1946–1953 </td><td>Secretary of the Treasury (1945–1946)<br /> <br />Director, Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion (1945)<br /> <br />Federal Loan Administrator (1945)<br /> <br />Director, Office of Economic Stabilization (1943–1945)<br /> <br />U.S. Court of Appeals (1938–1943)<br /><br />Commonwealth of Kentucky attorney (1921–1924)<br /> <br />City attorney, Louisa, Kentucky (1914–1915) </td></tr><tr><td><a title="James F. Byrnes " href="/People/Detail/10339?ret=True">James F. Byrnes </a>(1911–1925) </td><td>South Carolina </td><td>Democrat </td><td>Associate Justice, 1941–1942 </td><td>Governor of South Carolina (1951–1955)<br /> <br />Secretary of State (1945–1947)<br /> <br />Director, Office of War Mobilization (1943–1945)<br /> <br />Senator from South Carolina (1931–1941) </td></tr><tr><td><a title="George Sutherland" href="/People/Detail/22475?ret=True">George Sutherland</a> (1901–1903) </td><td>Utah</td><td>Republican </td><td> Associate Justice, 1922–1938</td><td>Senator from Utah (1905–1917)<br /> <br /> Utah state senate (1897–1901)</td></tr><tr><td><a title="Mahlon Pitney" href="/People/Detail/19737?ret=True">Mahlon Pitney</a> (1895–1899) </td><td>New Jersey</td><td>Republican </td><td>Associate Justice, 1912–1922 </td><td> Chancellor of New Jersey (1908-1912)<br /> <br /> New Jersey state supreme court (1901–1908)<br /> <br /> New Jersey state senate (1899–1901)</td></tr><tr><td><a title="William H. Moody" href="/People/Detail/18441?ret=True">William H. Moody</a> (1895–1902)</td><td>Massachusetts </td><td>Republican </td><td>Associate Justice, 1906–1910</td><td> Attorney General (1904–1906)<br /> <br /> Secretary of the Navy (1902-1904)<br /> <br /> District attorney, eastern district of Massachusetts (1890–1895)<br /> <br /> City solicitor, Haverhill, Massachusetts (1888–1890)</td></tr><tr><td><a title="Joseph McKenna " href="/People/Detail/17953?ret=True">Joseph McKenna </a>(1885–1892) </td><td>California</td><td>Republican </td><td>Associate Justice, 1898–1925</td><td> Attorney General (1897–1898)<br /> <br /> U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit (1892–1897)<br /> <br /> California state house of representatives (1875–1876)<br /> <br /> District attorney for Solano County, California (1866–1868)</td></tr><tr><td><a title="Lucius Q.C. Lamar " href="/People/Detail/16613?ret=True">Lucius Q.C. Lamar </a>(1857–1860; 1873–1877) </td><td>Mississippi </td><td>Democrat</td><td>Associate Justice, 1888–1893 </td><td> Secretary of the Interior (1885–1888)<br /> <br /> Senator from Mississippi (1877–1885)<br /> <br /> Georgia state house of representatives (1853)</td></tr><tr><td><a title="William Strong" href="/People/Detail/22400?ret=True">William Strong</a> (1847–1851) </td><td>Pennsylvania</td><td>Democrat </td><td>Associate Justice, 1870–1880 </td><td> Associate justice supreme court of Pennsylvania (1857–1868) </td></tr><tr><td><a title="Nathan Clifford " href="/People/Detail/11094?ret=True">Nathan Clifford </a>(1839–1843) </td><td>Maine</td><td>Democrat </td><td>Associate Justice, 1858–1881 </td><td>Commissioner to Mexico (1848–1849)<br /> <br /> Attorney General (1846–1848)<br /> <br /> Maine state attorney general (1834–1838)<br /> <br /> Maine state house of representatives (1830–1834) </td></tr><tr><td><a title="John McKinley" href="/People/Detail/17975?ret=True">John McKinley</a> (1833–1835) </td><td>Alabama </td><td>Jacksonian </td><td>Associate Justice, 1838–1852 </td><td> Senator from Alabama (1826–1831; 1837)<br /> <br /> Alabama state house of representatives (1820–1822; 1831; 1836) </td></tr><tr><td><a title="Philip P. Barbour " href="/People/Detail/8939?ret=True">Philip P. Barbour </a>(1814–1825, 1827-1830),<br />Speaker of the House<br />(1821–1823) </td><td>Virginia</td><td>Democratic Republican<br /><br />Crawford Republican<br /><br />Jacksonian</td><td>Associate Justice, 1836–1841 </td><td> U.S. district court judge (1830–1836)<br /> <br /> General court of Virginia (1825–1827)<br /> <br /> Virginia state house of delegates (1812–1814) </td></tr><tr><td><a title="James M. Wayne " href="/People/Detail/23478?ret=True">James M. Wayne </a>(1829–1835) </td><td>Georgia</td><td>Jacksonian </td><td>Associate Justice, 1835–1867 </td><td> Judge, Savannah superior court (1822–1828)<br /> <br /> Judge, Savannah court of common pleas, Georgia (1820–1822)<br /> <br /> Mayor of Savannah, Georgia (1817–1819)<br /> <br /> Georgia state house of representatives (1815–1816) </td></tr><tr><td><a title="Henry Baldwin " href="/People/Detail/8887?ret=True">Henry Baldwin </a>(1817–1822) </td><td>Pennsylvania</td><td>Democratic Republican </td><td>Associate Justice, 1830–1844 </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><a title="John McLean " href="/People/Detail/18013?ret=True">John McLean </a>(1813–1816) </td><td>Ohio </td><td>Democratic Republican</td><td>Associate Justice, 1830–1861 </td><td> Postmaster General (1823–1829)<br /> <br /> Commissioner, General Land Office (1822–1823)<br /> <br /> Ohio state supreme court (1816-1822) </td></tr><tr><td><a title="Joseph Story " href="/People/Detail/22352?ret=True">Joseph Story </a>(1808–1809) </td><td>Massachusetts</td><td>Democratic Republican</td><td>Associate Justice, 1812–1845 </td><td> Massachusetts state house of representatives (1805–1807; 1811–1812) </td></tr><tr><td> <a title="John Marshall" href="/People/Detail/17518?ret=True">John Marshall</a> (1799–1800)<b><br /></b> </td><td>Virginia</td><td>Federalist </td><td>Chief Justice, 1801–1835 </td><td>Secretary of State (1800–1801)<br /> <br /> Special commissioner to France (1797; 1798)<br /> <br /> Virginia state executive council (1782–1795)<br /> <br /> Virginia state house of delegates (1780; 1782–1788) </td></tr><tr><td><a title="Gabriel Duvall" href="/People/Detail/12544?ret=True">Gabriel Duvall</a> (1794–1796) </td><td>Maryland</td><td>Anti-Administration<br /><br />Democratic Republican</td><td>Associate Justice, 1811–1835 </td><td>Chief justice general court of Maryland (1796–1802) <br /><br />Comptroller of the Treasury (1802–1811) </td></tr></tbody></table> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-wrap clear"> <div class="footer container_24"> <div class="inner grid_24 clearfix"> <address>Office of the Historian: <a href="mailto:history@mail.house.gov">history@mail.house.gov</a><br /> Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk: <a href="mailto:art@mail.house.gov">art@mail.house.gov</a>, <a href="mailto:archives@mail.house.gov">archives@mail.house.gov</a></address> <ul class="footer-menu menu inline"> <li><a href="/About/">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="/About/Security-and-Privacy/">Privacy</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.youtube.com/ushousehistory" rel="external" class="replace icon icon_youtube">YouTube</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="js citation hidden"> <div class="inner"> <a href="#" class="replace sprite btn_close_image_overlay">Close</a> <h2>Cite This Page</h2> <p> <em>History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives,</em> “House Members Who Became U.S. Supreme Court Justices,” <a id="lnk-citation" href="https://history.house.gov/People/Other-Office/Supreme-Court/">https://history.house.gov/People/Other-Office/Supreme-Court/</a> (February 21, 2025) </p> <h3>For Additional Information</h3> <p> <strong>Office of the Historian</strong><br /><strong>Office of Art and Archives</strong> <br /> Attic, Thomas Jefferson Building<br />Washington, D.C. 20515<br />(202) 226-1300 <br /> </p> <ul> <li><a href="mailto:history@mail.house.gov" title="mailto:history@mail.house.gov">history@mail.house.gov</a></li> <li><a href="mailto:art@mail.house.gov" title="mailto:art@mail.house.gov">art@mail.house.gov</a></li> <li><a href="mailto:archives@mail.house.gov" title="mailto:archives@mail.house.gov">archives@mail.house.gov</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </body> </html>

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House Members Who Became U.S. Supreme Court Justices | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives