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<li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Lingvo" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Lingvo</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Ensaluti&returnto=Ka%C4%B5un-franca+lingvo&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Atenti</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5un-franca_lingvo&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Redakti</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"> <span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Alidirektita el <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Luiziana_franca&redirect=no&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Luiziana franca">Luiziana franca</a>)</span> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>La <b>kaĵun-franca lingvo</b> estas unu el tri variantoj aŭ <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dialekto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dialekto">dialektoj</a> de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franca lingvo">franca lingvo</a> parolata unuavice en la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Usona_%C5%9Dtato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Usona ŝtato">Usona ŝtato</a> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luiziano">Luiziano</a>, aparte en la sudaj paroĥoj. Aliaj luizianaj francaj dialektoj inkluzivas la napoleonan francan kaj la kolonian aŭ Bieneg-Societan francan, parolatajn unuavice en la paroĥoj Orleans, S-ta Bernard, S-ta Tammany, S-ta Karlo, S-ta Johano la Baptiste, Jefferson, Okcidenta <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%A2ton_Rouge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bâton Rouge">Bâton Rouge</a>, Pointe-Coupée, Avoyelles, S-ta Mary, Iberia kaj S-ta Landry. La kaĵuna franca <b>ne</b> estas la sama kiel la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_kreol-franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Luiziana kreol-franca">luiziana kreol-franca</a>.</p> <table class="infobox" style="border: gray solid 1px; width: 23em; -moz-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; -webkit-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC;"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#c9ffd9; color:black;" colspan="2" class="kaplinio komikso"><b>Kaĵun-franca lingvo</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#c9ffd9; color:black;" colspan="2"><span style="font-size:1.5em; font-weight:bold; font-style:italic;">français cadien/français cadjin</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Louisiane_francophone.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Mapo"><img alt="Mapo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Louisiane_francophone.png/220px-Louisiane_francophone.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Louisiane_francophone.png/330px-Louisiane_francophone.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Louisiane_francophone.png/440px-Louisiane_francophone.png 2x" data-file-width="651" data-file-height="552"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#c9ffd9; color:black;"><b><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dialekto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dialekto">dialekto</a> • lingvo • <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moderna_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moderna lingvo">moderna lingvo</a> • lingva uzado</b></th> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#c9ffd9; color:black;"><b>nord-amerika franca lingvo</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Parolata en</b></td> <td><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luiziano">Luiziano</a> (<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Usono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Usono">Usono</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Parolantoj</b></td> <td>200 000 (17 240 laŭ <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.usenglish.org/foundation/research/lia/languages/cajun.pdf">[1]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Skribo</b></td> <td><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latina_alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latina alfabeto">latina</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th align="center" style="background-color:#c9ffd9; color:black;" colspan="2"><b>Lingvistika <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lingva_familio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lingva familio"><span style="color:black; border:1px dotted black;background-color:#c9ffd9; color:black;">klasifiko</span></a></b></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><br><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hinde%C5%ADropa_lingvaro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hindeŭropa lingvaro">Hindeŭropa</a> <dl> <dd> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Italaj_lingvoj&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Italaj lingvoj (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Itala</a> <dl> <dd> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latinida_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinida lingvo">Latinida</a> <dl> <dd> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ital-okcidentaj_lingvoj&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ital-okcidentaj lingvoj (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Ital-okcidenta</a> <dl> <dd> Okcidenta <dl> <dd> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ga%C5%ADlo-Iberaj_lingvoj&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gaŭlo-Iberaj lingvoj (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Gaŭlo-Ibera</a> <dl> <dd> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ga%C5%ADlo-latinidaj_lingvoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaŭlo-latinidaj lingvoj">Gaŭlo-latinida</a> <dl> <dd> Gaŭlo-Rhaeta <dl> <dd> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Langues_d%27o%C3%AFl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Langues d'oïl">Oïla</a> <dl> <dd> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franca lingvo">Franca</a> <dl> <dd> <b>Kaĵun-franca</b> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl></td> </tr> <tr> <th align="center" style="background-color:#c9ffd9; color:black;" colspan="2">Lingvaj kodoj</th> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Lingvaj kodoj</b></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>  <b><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_639-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></b></td> <td>frc</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angla_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angla lingvo">Angla</a> nomo</b></td> <td>Louisiana French</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franca lingvo">Franca</a> nomo</b></td> <td>français de Louisiane</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Noto</b></td> <td> <div class="boilerplate metadata ipanotice" style="float:right; clear:right; width:15em; background-color:#f3f9ff; border:1px solid #aaa; padding:0 0.5em; margin:0.5em; font-size:80%;"> <p>Noto: Ĉi tiu artikolo eble entenas <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fonetiko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fonetiko">fonetikajn simbolojn</a> de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto">IFA</a> en <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Unikodo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Unikodo">Unikodo</a>. Vidu la prononcan ŝlosilon en artikolo pri la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto">IFA</a>.</p> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="shangu-shablonon infoboximage" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em"> <div class="noprint toccolours" style="border:2px solid #a2a9b1;padding:5px;background-color:#c9ffd9;color:black;font-size:xx-small;font-weight:normal"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3083213" title="d:Q3083213"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/15px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/23px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590"></a> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikipedio:Informkestoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikipedio:Informkestoj"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/15px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/23px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"></a> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure><span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="text-align:center"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Informkesto_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ŝablono:Informkesto lingvo">v</a> • <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%9Cablono-Diskuto:Informkesto_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ŝablono-Diskuto:Informkesto lingvo">d</a> • <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25C5%259Cablono%253AInformkesto_lingvo%26action%3Dedit">r</a></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dosiero:Louisiana_French_2015.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Louisiana_French_2015.svg/340px-Louisiana_French_2015.svg.png" decoding="async" width="340" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Louisiana_French_2015.svg/510px-Louisiana_French_2015.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Louisiana_French_2015.svg/680px-Louisiana_French_2015.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5018" data-file-height="4515"></a> <figcaption> <center> <small>La disvastiĝo de la franca lingvo en Luiziano en 2015. Paroĥoj flave markitaj estas tiuj, kie po de 4–10% de la loĝantaro hejme parolas la francan aŭ la kaĵun-francan, oranĝe po 10–15%, ruĝe po 15–20%.</small> </center> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Estas kutime supozite, ke la kaĵun-franca devenis preskaŭ nur de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akadi-franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akadi-franca lingvo">akadi-franca lingvo</a> en la formo, kiu estis parolata en la franca kolonio <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akadio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Akadio">Akadio</a> (situinta en kio estas nun la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maraj_provincoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Maraj provincoj">Maraj provincoj</a> de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kanado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kanado">Kanado</a> kaj en la usona ŝtato <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Majno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Majno">Majno</a>). La historia lingvo de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akadianoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akadianoj">Akadianoj</a> kaj ankaŭ la kaĵuna je granda parto baziĝas je la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puatua-santon%C4%9Da_dialektaro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puatua-santonĝa dialektaro">puatua-santonĝa dialektaro</a> de okcidenta Eŭropo. Tamen la dialekto ankaŭ ricevis influojn de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kebeki-franca_dialekto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kebeki-franca dialekto">kebeki-franca dialekto</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_kreol-franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Luiziana kreol-franca lingvo">luiziana kreola</a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haitia_kreola_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haitia kreola lingvo">haitia kreola</a>, svis-franca, belga-franca, kaj ankaŭ pariz-franca.</p> <p>La kaĵuna diferencas de la pariza (aŭ <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metropola_Francio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropola Francio">Metropola</a>) franca en prononco, vortoprovizo kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Intonacio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Intonacio">intonacio</a>.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="eo" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Enhavo</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Historio"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Historio</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Malkresko_kaj_rekresko"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Malkresko kaj rekresko</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#La_nomo_de_la_lingvo"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">La nomo de la lingvo</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Diferencoj_disde_la_normfranca"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Diferencoj disde la normfranca</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vidu_anka%C5%AD"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Vidu ankaŭ</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Referencoj"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Referencoj</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliografio"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliografio</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Eksteraj_ligiloj"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Eksteraj ligiloj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Historio">Historio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5un-franca_lingvo&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Historio" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>En <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1755?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1755">1755</a> (dum la Franca kaj Indiana Milito), ĉirkaŭ po 75% el la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akadianoj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akadianoj">Akadia</a> loĝantaro loĝanta en la Kanada provinco de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nov-Skotio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nov-Skotio">Nov-Skotio</a> estis <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deportado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Deportado">deportita</a> en kio estas ofte nomata la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Granda_Elpelo&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Granda Elpelo (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Granda Elpelo</a> (~<i>Great Expulsion ~Déportation des Acadiens</i>). Multaj el ili resetlis en Luiziano, tie reestablante la kulturon kaj lingvon. Tra la akadia lingvo, la kaĵuna estas fine deveninta de la dialektoj de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/An%C4%B5uo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anĵuo">Anĵuo</a> kaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Puatuo&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Puatuo (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Puatuo</a> - la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puatua-santon%C4%9Da_dialektaro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puatua-santonĝa dialektaro">puatua-santonĝa dialektaro</a>. Ĉi tiu heredaĵo restigis kelkajn arĥaikajn vortojn en la dialekto; ekzemple, <i>crevette</i> ("<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salikoko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Salikoko">salikoko</a>") nomiĝas <i>chevrette</i>.</p> <p>Tratempe la Kaĵuna iĝis la firme establita lingvo de multaj Luizianaj paroĥoj okcidente de la rivero <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Misisipo_(rivero)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Misisipo (rivero)">Misisipo</a>. La kaĵuna estis ne parolata nur de la kaĵuna popolo, sed ankaŭ de aliaj etnoj, kiuj loĝis en akadiane setlitaj areoj. La <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_kreolo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Luiziana kreolo">Kreoloj</a>, indianaj etnoj kiaj la Houmoj, Ĉitimaĉoj, <i>Bajougoula, Tunica-Biloxi, Atakapa, Opelousa, Okelousa</i> kaj <i>Avojel</i>, pro ilia kunrezidado en sudaj Luizianaj paroĥoj iamfine iĝis kompetentaj en la kaĵun-franca dialekto. Kreoloj kaj indianoj jam parolis la francan antaŭ la alveno de la Akadia popolo en Luizianon.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Malkresko_kaj_rekresko">Malkresko kaj rekresko</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5un-franca_lingvo&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Malkresko kaj rekresko" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Multaj loĝantoj de Kaĵunio estas <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plurlingveco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plurlingveco">dulingvaj</a>, lernintaj la francan hejme kaj la anglan en lernejo. En lastatempaj jaroj la nombro de parolantoj de la kaĵun-franca konsiderinde malkreskis, sed oni nuntempe klopodas reenkonduki la lingvon en lernejoj. La Konsilio por la evoluigo de la franca en Luiziano (CODOFIL) estis fondita dum la malfruaj <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1960-aj_jaroj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1960-aj jaroj">1960-aj jaroj</a> por akceli la konservadon de la franca lingvo kaj kulturo en Luiziano.</p> <p>Iuj homoj demandas, ĉu la kaĵuna lingvo travivos denovan generacion. La nombro de homoj kiuj parolas kaĵune ege malkreskadis dum la lastaj kvindek jaroj. Multaj gepatroj cele evitis instrui al siaj infanoj la kaĵunan lingvon por kuraĝigi fluecon en la angla lingvo, esperante, ke la infanoj tiel havos pli bonan vivon en angla parolanta nacio. Tamen, multaj el ĉi tiuj samaj gepatroj poste malkovras, ke siaj genepoj esploradas kaj klopodas lerni la lingvon.</p> <p>Multaj junaj plenkreskuloj lernas sufiĉan kaĵunan por kompreni kaĵunajn muzikajn tekstojn. Ankaŭ, estas nun tendenco uzi kaĵun-lingvajn retejojn por lerni la dialekton. Kuirartaj vortoj kaj terminoj de kareco kiaj "cher" (~kara) (prononcata "ŝa" aŭ "ŝe") kaj "nonc" (~onklo) estas ankoraŭ aŭdataj interalie angla-parolantaj kaĵunoj. Iom el la lingvo daŭre ekzistos, sed ĉu multaj homoj kapablos fari plenan kaj fluan konversacion en la lingvo, restas ankoraŭ malcerte.</p> <p>En <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1984?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1984">1984</a>, Jules O. Daigle, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Katolika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Katolika">katolika</a> <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sacerdoto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacerdoto">sacerdoto</a>, publikigis <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.cajunradio.org/language.html"><i>Vortaro de la kaĵuna lingvo</i></a>, la unuan vortaron dediĉitan al la kaĵun-franca. Ĝi estas ĝenerale konsiderita la aŭtoritato pri la lingvo, kvankam ĝi ne estas tutampleksa. Ĝi ne enhavas iujn alternativajn literumojn kaj sinonimojn kiujn Patro Daigle konsideris "perversaĵoj" de la lingvo, sed kiuj estas tamen popularaj inter kaĵunaj parolantoj kaj verkistoj.</p> <p><br></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="La_nomo_de_la_lingvo">La nomo de la lingvo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5un-franca_lingvo&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: La nomo de la lingvo" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>La termino "<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ka%C4%B5uno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaĵuno">kaĵuno</a>" laŭraporte devenis de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angla_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angla lingvo">Angla</a> prononco de la franca vorto <i>Acadien</i>. Iuj kaĵunoj nomas sin "Cadiens" aŭ "cajins" en la franca. La unua literumado devenas de la franca literumaĵo "Acadien" kaj la dua estas fonetika proksimumaĵo, de la prononco de la grupa nomo en la kaĵun-franca. "Cadien" estas la franca literumo preferita de kaĵunaj akademianoj. "Cajun" estas angla vorto kiu estas ne akceptita de kaĵunaj akademianoj por nomi la grupon en la franca. La ĉefa regiono, kie la kaĵun-franca estas parolata, estas nomita <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5unio&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kaĵunio (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Kaĵunio</a> ("Acadiana") (malkonfuzenda kun <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akadio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Akadio">Akadio</a>, kiu nomas la regionon kie la akadi-franca lingvo estas parolata). Kaĵunaj areoj de Luiziano iam partneras kun akadianoj en Kanado, kiuj sendas francajn instruistojn, por instrui la lingvon en lernejoj.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Diferencoj_disde_la_normfranca">Diferencoj disde la normfranca</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5un-franca_lingvo&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Diferencoj disde la normfranca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>La kaĵuna diferencas en iuj areoj de prononco kaj vortoprovizo de la akceptita normo de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franca lingvo">metropola franca</a>. En iuj kazoj ĉi tiuj estas diferencoj kiuj estas retenitaj de la okcidenta <i>"<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lingvoj_de_o%C3%AFl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lingvoj de oïl">lingvoj de oïl</a>"</i> de kiuj la kaĵuna devenas.</p> <ul> <li>Pasint-tempaj konstruoj estas preskaŭ ĉiuj farita uzante la verbon <i>avoir</i> (~havi) en la kaĵun-franca dum ke estas kelkaj gravaj verboj kies kompleksaj pasint-<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenso">tensoj</a> estas faritaj uzante <i>être</i> (~esti) en la norm-franca. Tial, kaĵunoj povas diri "<i>j'ai passé par la maison</i>" (lit. "Mi havas pasinta preter la domon") kie la norm-franca postulus "<i>je suita passé(e) par la maison</i>," (lit. "Mi estas pasinta preter la domon"), aŭ "<i>il parti</i>" (lit. "li havas foririnta") anstataŭ la norma "<i>il est parti</i>" (lit. "li estas foririnta").</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/a/</span></a> prononciĝas kun la lango en la dorso de la buŝo, estante pli simile al <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/ɑ/</span></a>.</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/k/</span></a>, <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/t/</span></a> prononciĝas <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/ʧ/</span></a> (antaŭ /a/(?) kaj /i/, respektive).</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/d/</span></a> prononciĝas <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/ʤ/</span></a> (antaŭ /i/), kiel en la vorto <i>Akadianoj</i>. (Ĉi tiu sono estas signata en la moderna <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puatua-santon%C4%9Da?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Puatua-santonĝa">puatua-santonĝa</a> de la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Digrafo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Digrafo">duliteraĵo</a> <i>jh</i>)</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/r/</span></a> prononciĝas kiel <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alveolara_trilo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alveolara trilo">alveolara trilo</a> aŭ klaketo anstataŭ la uvulara fricativo de la norm-franca kaj aliaj dialektoj. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/r/</span></a> estas eliziita silabfine; ekzemple: "<i>mon père</i>" <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">[mɔ̃.pæː]</span></a>, sed "<i>mon père venu</i>" <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">[mɔ̃.pæ.ɾɑ.vø.ˈny]</span></a>.</li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/wa/</span></a> prononciĝas <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/ni/</span></a>, simile al la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kebeki-franca_dialekto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kebeki-franca dialekto">Kebeki-franca dialekto</a> (kaj ankaŭ al aliaj <i>"<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lingvoj_de_o%C3%AFl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lingvoj de oïl">lingvoj de oïl</a>"</i>), sed ankaŭ ofte pli simile al <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/ɔ/</span></a>, kun iom de <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Forglito&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Forglito (paĝo ne ekzistas)">forglito</a> al <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internacia_Fonetika_Alfabeto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto"><span title="Ĉi tiu estas transskribo laŭ internacia fonetika alfabeto" class="IPA">/u/</span></a>, simila al la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akadi-franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akadi-franca lingvo">Akadi-franca lingvo</a>.</li> <li>Familiaj nomoj finiĝantaj per "-eaux" anstataŭ la franca "eau."</li> </ul> <p>Tra la jaroj kaĵunaj franclingvaj parolantoj enradikigis multajn <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Anglismo&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Anglismo (paĝo ne ekzistas)">anglismojn</a> (kiaj <i>truck</i>, ~kamiono) rekte en la lingvon. Ŝulde al ampleksa kontakto kun la angla-lingvaj kulturo, negoco kaj komunikadoj, ĉi tio estas ankaŭ komuna fenomeno, kaj en la Kebeki-franca dialekto, kaj en la Akadi-franca lingvo, kaj gajnadas momente rapide en Francio. La plejparto de kaĵunaj parolantoj estas neniam instruitaj en la Franca kaj tial estas ne familiaraj kun normo-<a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franca_ortografio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franca ortografio">franca literumado</a>. Kiel rezulto, multaj skribitaj kaĵunaĵoj havas ne-norman aŭ anglismigitajn literumojn, ekz. la Kaĵuna <i>Les le bon tun rouller</i> por norma <i>Laisse le bon temps rouler</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aŭ <i>Laissez les bons temps rouler</i> (<i>Estu la bonaj tempoj ruliĝantaj.</i>).</p> <p>La unua persona plurala subjekta pronomo uzata en la kaĵun-franca estas "<i>on</i>" samkiel en ĉiuj parolataj variantoj de la franca. "<i>On</i>" estas konjugaciita uzante la trian personan singularan formon de la verbo. "Ni parolas france" (tradukiĝas kiel "<i>On parle français</i>". "<i>Nous-autres</i>" povas ankaŭ esti aldonita antaŭ "<i>on</i>" por klarigi; ĝi estas ankaŭ uzata kaj en la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kebeki-franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kebeki-franca lingvo">kebeki-franca lingvo</a> kaj la <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akadi-franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akadi-franca lingvo">akadi-franca lingvo</a>. Kaĵunoj emas iomete paŭzeti post ĉiu silabo. Ankaŭ, la lasta konsonanto de silabo estas kutime fande eliziita antaŭ la komenco de alia.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Vidu_ankaŭ"><span id="Vidu_anka.C5.AD"></span>Vidu ankaŭ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5un-franca_lingvo&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidu ankaŭ" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akadi-franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akadi-franca lingvo">Akadi-franca lingvo</a></li> <li><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kebeki-franca_lingvo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kebeki-franca lingvo">Kebeki-franca lingvo</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Referencoj">Referencoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5un-franca_lingvo&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Referencoj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="reflist references-small" style="padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luiziana_franca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Titolo de kanto de la kaĵuna kantisto <i>Zachary Richard</i> kaj <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20040216002943/http://www.geocities.com/lbtrcifa/mf">radio-disaŭdigilo</a> de kaĵuna muziko</span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bibliografio">Bibliografio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5un-franca_lingvo&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Bibliografio" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul> <li><i>Cajun French Dictionary and Phrasebook</i> fare de Clint Bruce kaj Jennifer Gipson <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0781809150?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7818-0915-0</a>. Hippocrene Books Inc.</li> <li><i>Tonnerre mes chiens! A glossary of Louisiana French figures of speech</i> (~<i>Glosaro de Luizian-francaj parolofiguroj</i>). fare de Amanda LaFleur <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0967083893?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-9670838-9-3</a>. Renouveau Publishing.</li> <li><i>A Dictionary of the Cajun Language</i> fare de Rev. Msgr. Jules O. Daigle, M.A., S.T.L. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0961424532?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-9614245-3-2</a>. Swallow Publications, Inc.</li> <li><i>Cajun Self-Taught</i> fare de Rev. Msgr. Jules O. Daigle, M.A., S.T.L. <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0961424540?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-9614245-4-0</a>. Swallow Publications, Inc.</li> <li><i>Language Shift in the Coastal Marshes of Louisiana</i> fare de Kevin J. Rottet <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0820449806?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8204-4980-6</a>. Peter Lang Publishing, Inc.</li> <li><i>Conversational Cajun French I</i> fare de Harry Jannise kaj Randall P. Whatley <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0882893165?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8828-9316-5</a>. The Chicot Press.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Eksteraj_ligiloj">Eksteraj ligiloj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%B5un-franca_lingvo&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Redakti sekcion: Eksteraj ligiloj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>redakti</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"> </ul> </div> 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Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.cajunlanguage.net">Cajun French taught by a native of Louisiana - Jim Leger instruas lingvon kiu rapide malaperadas</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210210213724/http://cajunlanguage.net/">Arkivigite je</a> 2021-02-10 per la retarkivo <a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://terrebonneparishfrench.wordpress.com">Terrebonne Parish French Online!</a></li> </ul> <div class="noprint" style="clear:both; margin-top:0px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding: 0px; 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://d-nb.info/gnd/4210444-0">4210444-0</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kontrolnumero_de_la_Kongresa_Biblioteko_de_Usono?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kontrolnumero de la Kongresa Biblioteko de Usono">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/sh85018722">sh85018722</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://eo-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.idref.fr/031415776">031415776</a></span></li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </section> </div> 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cajun_(Sprache)" title="Cajun (Sprache) — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cajun (Sprache)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana_French" title="Louisiana French — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Louisiana French" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franc%25C3%25A9s_caj%25C3%25BAn" title="Francés cajún — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Francés cajún" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cajun%2527i_keel" title="Cajun'i keel — estona" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Cajun'i keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisianako_frantses" title="Louisianako frantses — eŭska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Louisianako frantses" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="eŭska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%25C3%25A7ais_louisianais" title="Français louisianais — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Français louisianais" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kajunski_jezik" title="Kajunski jezik — kroata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kajunski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Prancis_Louisiana" title="Bahasa Prancis Louisiana — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Prancis Louisiana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_francese_cajun" title="Lingua francese cajun — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua francese cajun" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25B1%25E3%2582%25A4%25E3%2582%25B8%25E3%2583%25A3%25E3%2583%25B3%25E3%2583%25BB%25E3%2583%2595%25E3%2583%25A9%25E3%2583%25B3%25E3%2582%25B9%25E8%25AA%259E" title="ケイジャン・フランス語 — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケイジャン・フランス語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Francogallica_Ludoviciana" title="Lingua Francogallica Ludoviciana — latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Francogallica Ludoviciana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cajun-Frans" title="Cajun-Frans — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cajun-Frans" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franceis_cadien" title="Franceis cadien — Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Franceis cadien" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franc%25C3%25A9s_cadian" title="Francés cadian — okcitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Francés cadian" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francho%25C3%25A9s_cadien" title="Franchoés cadien — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Franchoés cadien" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_frans%25C3%25A8is/Cajun" title="Lenga fransèis/Cajun — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga fransèis/Cajun" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franc%25C3%25AAs_cajun" title="Francês cajun — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Francês cajun" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B6%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2582_%25D1%2584%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D1%2583%25D0%25B7%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BE_%25D1%258F%25D0%25B7%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Каджунский диалект французского языка — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Каджунский диалект французского языка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cajun_Frants%25C3%25B6%25C3%25B6sk" title="Cajun Frantsöösk — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Cajun Frantsöösk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B6%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D1%258C%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25B4%25D1%2596%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2582_%25D1%2584%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D1%2583%25D0%25B7%25D1%258C%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D1%2597_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8" title="Кажунський діалект французької мови — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кажунський діалект французької мови" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%25E1%25BA%25BFng_Ph%25C3%25A1p_Louisiana" title="Tiếng Pháp Louisiana — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Pháp Louisiana" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%25B7%25AF%25E6%2598%2593%25E6%2596%25AF%25E5%25AE%2589%25E9%2582%25A3%25E6%25B3%2595%25E8%25AA%259E" title="路易斯安那法語 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="路易斯安那法語" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" 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