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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Albert C. Ledner</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1924-01-28</span>)</span>January 28, 1924<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Bronx,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx, New York">Bronx, New York</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">November 14, 2017<span style="display:none">(2017-11-14)</span> (aged 93)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester, New Hampshire</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data">Tulane University</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Architect</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Projects</th><td class="infobox-data note">National Maritime Union</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Design</th><td class="infobox-data note">Organic modernism</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Albert Charles Ledner</b> (January 28, 1924 – November 14, 2017) was an <a href="/wiki/American_architect" class="mw-redirect" title="American architect">American architect</a>, known for his <a href="/wiki/Organic_architecture" title="Organic architecture">organic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Modernist_architect" class="mw-redirect" title="Modernist architect">modernist</a> style of architecture. Among his designs are three buildings for the <a href="/wiki/National_Maritime_Union" title="National Maritime Union">National Maritime Union</a>, located in New York City, originally commissioned in 1958 and built between 1964 and 1968. He also designed approximately 40 homes in the <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> metropolitan area and various other projects for the National Maritime Union.<sup id="cite_ref-Langenhennig_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Langenhennig-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_education">Personal life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personal life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ledner was born in <a href="/wiki/Bronx,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx, New York">Bronx, New York</a>, and moved to New Orleans, Louisiana as a child. His maternal grandparents were from <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, and his mother was noted <a href="/wiki/Pastry_chef" title="Pastry chef">pastry chef</a> <a href="/wiki/Beulah_Levy_Ledner" title="Beulah Levy Ledner">Beulah Levy Ledner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Langenhennig_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Langenhennig-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following his graduation from the <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Public_School_System" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans Public School System">New Orleans Public School System</a>, Ledner enrolled in the <a href="/wiki/Tulane_School_of_Architecture" title="Tulane School of Architecture">Tulane University School of Architecture</a>. He left college in his second year to volunteer for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">United States Army Air Corps</a> in World War II, where he served as a <a href="/wiki/Navigator" title="Navigator">navigator</a> with the rank of <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">second lieutenant</a>. While stationed at <a href="/wiki/Davis-Monthan_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Davis-Monthan Field">Davis-Monthan Field</a> near <a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a>, Ledner used his <a href="/wiki/Leave_(U.S._military)" title="Leave (U.S. military)">leave time</a> during his military career to visit <a href="/wiki/Taliesin_West" title="Taliesin West">Taliesin West</a>, which was one of the schools run by architect <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a>. Shortly after his military career, Ledner earned his architectural degree at Tulane University graduating in 1948. He then supplemented his architectural education with studies at Frank Lloyd Wright's <a href="/wiki/Taliesin_Spring_Green" class="mw-redirect" title="Taliesin Spring Green">Taliesin Spring Green School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Langenhennig_Legacy_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Langenhennig_Legacy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following completion of his <a href="/wiki/Formal_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Formal education">formal education</a>, Ledner married Judy, who was a <a href="/wiki/Stage_actress" class="mw-redirect" title="Stage actress">stage actress</a>, with whom he subsequently had three children. His daughter <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catherineledner.com/">Catherine Ledner</a> became a noted photographer.<sup id="cite_ref-Lind_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lind-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architectural_career">Architectural career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Architectural career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox" style="width: 250px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External images</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-style: italic">Images of the Albert C. Ledner</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/16px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/24px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/32px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://flickr.com/photos/xxno/3174597912/in/photolist-5QwDmL-4xy6qw-5QwDuq-4xtU7H-5QwDB9-5QwDpq-5QsmV6-5QwDwQ-4xtSik-4CnouA-4yeYn1-4xy61E-4xy5AN-2h8kbog-PM637L-PM63b3-PM63dh-zg37xq-4AAGpY-5UjhPT-Ad4CV8-5UjhZe-4CthUW-4xtSSX-4xtTPZ-4yeXM9-4wv3zv-4yeY8w-4yaJb8-4yaJxv-4yeXSE-4yeY2Q-4xtUsc-4xtVCx-4xy89f-4xtUSv-4xtW6t-5sej7m-4wv3ri-4wv3ve-4xtWna-9dnXk1-5s9YSD-5UjhRP-4AxdaY-4At1bk-5UjhTc-4AsXvt-4yaKGV-5UjhUR">Ledner at the Galatoire residence in New Orleans</a>, image from Flickr</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/16px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/24px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/32px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/21/obituaries/albert-ledner-architect-with-a-quirky-sense-dies-at-93.html">Ledner in his inventor's workshop in 2013</a>, from the New York Times</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Ledner started his independent architectural career in 1951, spending most of his professional career in New Orleans. Through his career as an architect, he followed the "design-build" approach in which the architect remains involved during the construction phase of the project. In this approach, Ledner devised uncommon approaches to structure and uses of construction materials. By remaining involved in the construction phase of the project, he further could revise details in ways not possible in conventional approaches in which the architect is minimally involved in the construction phase of a project. At times, his designs were characterized as quirky while also functional and expressive.<sup id="cite_ref-Docomomo_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Docomomo-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through this approach to architecture, Ledner developed architectural styles that were uniquely his and distinct from his <a href="/wiki/Mentor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mentor">mentor</a> Frank Lloyd Wright.<sup id="cite_ref-Dixon_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dixon-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Maritime_Union_projects">National Maritime Union projects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: National Maritime Union projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1954, Ledner designed and built the National Maritime Union building in New Orleans. The success of the New Orleans project led to his being hired for the much larger National Maritime Union project in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-Legacy_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Legacy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1957, he designed and built his own home at 5328 Bellaire Drive in the <a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_New_Orleans" title="Lakewood, New Orleans">Lakewood South neighborhood of New Orleans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Legacy_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Legacy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He lived in this home with his wife and children until the time of his death. The home flooded in 2005 as a result of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a> and was subsequently restored.<sup id="cite_ref-Lind_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lind-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The success of the National Maritime Union building in New Orleans led to Ledner's commission in 1958 to design the headquarters for the National Maritime Union building in New York City. The National Maritime Union was flourishing at the time and had need for a headquarters that included offices, hiring halls, residences and training centers for the union members. The first of these buildings was the headquarters of the National Maritime Union located at Seventh Avenue between 12th and 13th Streets. This six-story building was built on two glass block cylinders. It has walls with overhangs and windows suggestive of <a href="/wiki/Porthole" title="Porthole">portholes</a>, intended to be fitting for a hiring hall of maritime sailors.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Gray_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Gray-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The second building in Ledner's New York City National Maritime Union project was an annex at 346 West 17th Street, consisting of an eleven-story building with 100 porthole windows on a sloping wall. The last of this project was an annex on Ninth Avenue between 16th and 17th Streets said to look like a pizza box with porthole windows. With the decline of the maritime trade unions by the early 1970s, the union sold these buildings and were subsequently converted to alternative uses.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Gray_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Gray-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ledner designed buildings for similar purposes in Mobile, Alabama; Baltimore, Maryland; Houston, Texas; Galveston, Texas; Norfolk, Virginia; and San Francisco, California. He also designed a building for the <a href="/wiki/1964_World%27s_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="1964 World's Fair">1964 World's Fair</a> in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-Curbed_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Curbed-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Residential_projects">Residential projects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Residential projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kleinschmidt Residence in the <a href="/wiki/Lakeshore/Lake_Vista,_New_Orleans" title="Lakeshore/Lake Vista, New Orleans">Lake Vista</a> neighborhood of New Orleans was Ledner's 1951 project built in a <a href="/wiki/Mid-century_modern" title="Mid-century modern">mid-century modern</a> style. This home included <a href="/wiki/Clerestory" title="Clerestory">clerestory windows</a> with a floor plan providing a light and airy feel. Ledner fabricated light fixtures made of <a href="/wiki/Schlitz_beer" class="mw-redirect" title="Schlitz beer">Schlitz beer</a> as another distinguishing feature of the home.<sup id="cite_ref-Murret_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murret-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another of Ledner's early residential projects was the Cointreau House, also in the Park Island neighborhood of New Orleans. This house included skylights and light fixtures fabricated from <a href="/wiki/Cointreau" title="Cointreau">Cointreau liqueur bottles</a>. This home was featured in the June 1953 issue of <a href="/wiki/House_Beautiful" title="House Beautiful">House Beautiful</a> magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-Langenhennig_2014_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Langenhennig_2014-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1961, Ledner designed and built a residence on Park Island in New Orleans that came to be known as the "Sunkel House" or the "Ashtray House". A distinguishing feature of this home is its use of 1200 amber-colored glass ashtrays as <a href="/wiki/Dentils" class="mw-redirect" title="Dentils">dentils</a> in its exterior. The name "Sunkel House" came from the original owners of the home, the Sunkel family, who were Ledner's clients. The home was for a time owned by New Orleans Mayor <a href="/wiki/Ray_Nagin" title="Ray Nagin">Ray Nagin</a>. Also, on Park Island in New Orleans, Ledner designed and built the "Galatoire House", which made use of the client's extensive collection of antique architectural fixtures, especially <a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">stained glass</a> that was obtained from a 19th-century <a href="/wiki/Convent" title="Convent">convent</a>. The design involved placing the stained glass in irregular orientations, linked together to form a wall.<sup id="cite_ref-Langenhennig_Legacy_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Langenhennig_Legacy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other Ledner residential designs included the Goldate House and the Leonard House, both in New Orleans.<sup id="cite_ref-Curbed_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Curbed-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy">Legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to architectural projects, Ledner designed and built household and office equipment such as light fixtures, tables, and artwork. He also designed various machines for which he obtained three patents.<sup id="cite_ref-Legacy_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Legacy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An example of his patented inventions is an emergency descent device to aid people in escaping from tall buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, <a href="/wiki/Filmmaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Filmmaker">filmmaker</a> Roy Beeson, in collaboration with Ledner's daughter Catherine Ledner, produced a <a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">documentary film</a> about Ledner entitled "Designing for Life: The Modernist Architecture of Albert C. Ledner". In early November 2017 at the age of 93, Ledner gave a presentation of his work and attended a preview of the film at the New York City Architecture and Design Film Festival. Shortly thereafter, he became ill and died in <a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester, New Hampshire</a> on November 14, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dixon_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dixon-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principal_architectural_works">Principal architectural works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Principal architectural works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>First Unitarian Universalist Church, 1800 Jefferson Avenue, <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, Louisiana (completed 1957; extant, but as of 2017 a residence).</li> <li>National Maritime Union office building, 2731 Tchoupitoulas Street, New Orleans, Louisiana (1954).</li> <li>National Maritime Union Headquarters, Joseph Curran Building, 36 Seventh Avenue between W 12th and W 13th Streets, New York City (completed in 1964).</li> <li>National Maritime Union, Curran Annex, 355 W 16th Street between Eighth and Ninth Avenues, New York City (completed in 1966;<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> altered in 2007 for use as Dream Hotel).</li> <li>National Maritime Union, Curran Plaza, 363 West 16th Street at 9th Avenue, New York City (completed in 1968).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 210px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 205px; height: 205px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:StVincents.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Maritime Union Headquarters, New York City (completed in 1964)"><img alt="National Maritime Union Headquarters, New York City (completed in 1964)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/StVincents.jpg/175px-StVincents.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/StVincents.jpg/263px-StVincents.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/StVincents.jpg/350px-StVincents.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">National Maritime Union Headquarters, New York City (completed in 1964)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 210px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 205px; height: 205px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maritime_Hotel_from_south_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Maritime Union, Curran Plaza, New York City (completed in 1968; converted in 2003 to Maritime Hotel)"><img alt="National Maritime Union, Curran Plaza, New York City (completed in 1968; converted in 2003 to Maritime Hotel)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Maritime_Hotel_from_south_2011.jpg/137px-Maritime_Hotel_from_south_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Maritime_Hotel_from_south_2011.jpg/206px-Maritime_Hotel_from_south_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Maritime_Hotel_from_south_2011.jpg/274px-Maritime_Hotel_from_south_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1592" data-file-height="2035" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">National Maritime Union, Curran Plaza, New York City (completed in 1968; converted in 2003 to Maritime Hotel)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 210px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 205px; height: 205px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Maritime_Union_Building_in_New_Orleans,_Louisiana,_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Maritime Union Building in New Orleans (completed in 1954; houses small businesses as of 2019)"><img alt="National Maritime Union Building in New Orleans (completed in 1954; houses small businesses as of 2019)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/National_Maritime_Union_Building_in_New_Orleans%2C_Louisiana%2C_USA.jpg/175px-National_Maritime_Union_Building_in_New_Orleans%2C_Louisiana%2C_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/National_Maritime_Union_Building_in_New_Orleans%2C_Louisiana%2C_USA.jpg/263px-National_Maritime_Union_Building_in_New_Orleans%2C_Louisiana%2C_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/National_Maritime_Union_Building_in_New_Orleans%2C_Louisiana%2C_USA.jpg/350px-National_Maritime_Union_Building_in_New_Orleans%2C_Louisiana%2C_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">National Maritime Union Building in New Orleans (completed in 1954; houses small businesses as of 2019)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 210px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 205px; height: 205px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jefferson_Avenue_New_Orleans_Unitarian.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Unitarian Church on Jefferson Avenue in New Orleans (completed in 1958; converted to a residence following relocation of the church)"><img alt="Unitarian Church on Jefferson Avenue in New Orleans (completed in 1958; converted to a residence following relocation of the church)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Jefferson_Avenue_New_Orleans_Unitarian.JPG/175px-Jefferson_Avenue_New_Orleans_Unitarian.JPG" decoding="async" width="175" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Jefferson_Avenue_New_Orleans_Unitarian.JPG/263px-Jefferson_Avenue_New_Orleans_Unitarian.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Jefferson_Avenue_New_Orleans_Unitarian.JPG/350px-Jefferson_Avenue_New_Orleans_Unitarian.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Unitarian Church on Jefferson Avenue in New Orleans (completed in 1958; converted to a residence following relocation of the church)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ledner and <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Spangenberg" title="Leonard Spangenberg">Leonard Spangenberg</a> were the two Wright-trained architects in New Orleans.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Langenhennig-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Langenhennig_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Langenhennig_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLangenhennig2018" class="citation news cs1">Langenhennig, Susan (March 6, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/home_garden/article_d6c41134-e52f-5444-a2cd-2027cebb3d63.html">"Architect Albert Ledner's Star-Shaped New Orleans Home Hits the Market for $829,500"</a>. New Orleans Times-Picayune<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Architect+Albert+Ledner%27s+Star-Shaped+New+Orleans+Home+Hits+the+Market+for+%24829%2C500&rft.date=2018-03-06&rft.aulast=Langenhennig&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fentertainment_life%2Fhome_garden%2Farticle_d6c41134-e52f-5444-a2cd-2027cebb3d63.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+C.+Ledner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Langenhennig_Legacy-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Langenhennig_Legacy_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Langenhennig_Legacy_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLangenhennig2017" class="citation news cs1">Langenhennig, Susan (August 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/home_garden/article_5a2b7137-072f-50c0-854a-d9db1220c173.html">"Albert Ledner's Legacy: New Orleans Architect Peppered the Country with Modernist Marvels"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docomomo-nytri.org&rft.atitle=Curran+%2F+O%27Toole+Building&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.docomomo-nytri.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2009%2F12%2FBackgrounder_CurranOToole.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+C.+Ledner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dixon-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dixon_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dixon_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDixon" class="citation web cs1">Dixon, John Morris. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archpaper.com/2017/11/remembering-albert-ledner-new-orleans-modernist/#gallery-0-slide-0">"Remembering Albert C. Ledner, pioneering New Orleans modernist"</a>. <i>archpaper.com</i>. The Architect's Newspaper, LLC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archpaper.com&rft.atitle=Remembering+Albert+C.+Ledner%2C+pioneering+New+Orleans+modernist&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=John+Morris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchpaper.com%2F2017%2F11%2Fremembering-albert-ledner-new-orleans-modernist%2F%23gallery-0-slide-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+C.+Ledner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Legacy-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Legacy_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Legacy_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Legacy_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obits.nola.com/obituaries/nola/obituary.aspx?n=albert-charles-ledner&pid=187310418">"Albert Charles Ledner 1924-2017"</a>. <i>legacy.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=legacy.com&rft.atitle=Albert+Charles+Ledner+1924-2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fobits.nola.com%2Fobituaries%2Fnola%2Fobituary.aspx%3Fn%3Dalbert-charles-ledner%26pid%3D187310418&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+C.+Ledner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_Gray-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Gray_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Gray_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGray2007" class="citation news cs1">Gray, Christopher (November 25, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/25/realestate/25scap.html">"An Architect's Flotilla of West Side Buildings"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. The New York Times<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=An+Architect%27s+Flotilla+of+West+Side+Buildings&rft.date=2007-11-25&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F11%2F25%2Frealestate%2F25scap.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+C.+Ledner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Curbed-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Curbed_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Curbed_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChaban2016" class="citation web cs1">Chaban, Matt A. V. (14 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.curbed.com/2016/12/14/13942752/albert-ledner-architect-documentary">"Meet Albert Ledner, Midcentury Mastermind and Frank Lloyd Wright Acolyte"</a>. <i>curbed.com</i>. Vox Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=curbed.com&rft.atitle=Meet+Albert+Ledner%2C+Midcentury+Mastermind+and+Frank+Lloyd+Wright+Acolyte&rft.date=2016-12-14&rft.aulast=Chaban&rft.aufirst=Matt+A.+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.curbed.com%2F2016%2F12%2F14%2F13942752%2Falbert-ledner-architect-documentary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+C.+Ledner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murret-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Murret_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMurret2014" class="citation news cs1">Murret, Patricia M. (August 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/home_garden/article_8a5c07f8-4752-5b55-82c0-53b8cc9c366c.html">"A 1951 Home Designed by Modernist Architect Albert Ledner Still Shines in Lake Vista"</a>. New Orleans Times-Picayune<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+1951+Home+Designed+by+Modernist+Architect+Albert+Ledner+Still+Shines+in+Lake+Vista&rft.date=2014-08-27&rft.aulast=Murret&rft.aufirst=Patricia+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fentertainment_life%2Fhome_garden%2Farticle_8a5c07f8-4752-5b55-82c0-53b8cc9c366c.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+C.+Ledner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Langenhennig_2014-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Langenhennig_2014_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLangenhennig" class="citation news cs1">Langenhennig, Susan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/home_garden/article_5edeab0a-7794-5780-bbe4-b0cf3021a66f.html">"See More of Modernist Architect Albert Ledner's Work"</a>. New Orleans Times-Picayune<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=See+More+of+Modernist+Architect+Albert+Ledner%27s+Work&rft.aulast=Langenhennig&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fentertainment_life%2Fhome_garden%2Farticle_5edeab0a-7794-5780-bbe4-b0cf3021a66f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+C.+Ledner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Ledner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/cf/30/cb/e688e4d8d16082/US3826341.pdf">US3826341A</a>, September 11, 1973.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mobile.nytimes.com/2017/11/21/obituaries/albert-ledner-architect-with-a-quirky-sense-dies-at-93.html">"Albert Ledner, Architect With a Quirky Sense, Dies at 93"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. November 21, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 21,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Albert+Ledner%2C+Architect+With+a+Quirky+Sense%2C+Dies+at+93&rft.date=2017-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmobile.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F11%2F21%2Fobituaries%2Falbert-ledner-architect-with-a-quirky-sense-dies-at-93.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+C.+Ledner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">NYC Temporary Certificate of Occupancy No. 63141, May 25, 1966.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_C._Ledner&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/226147273">Trailer for documentary film</a>, "Designing for Life: The Modernist Architecture of Albert C. Ledner".</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archpaper.com/2017/11/remembering-albert-ledner-new-orleans-modernist/#gallery-0-slide-0">Photographs of Ledner at various stages of his life and photographs of various Ledner projects</a> while they were under construction can be seen on-line.</li> <li>Tulane University maintains <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://exhibits.tulane.edu/exhibit/ledner_seaa/ledner_national_maritime_union/the-national-maritime-union-of-america-office-building-for-national-maritime-union-of-america-c-i-o-tchoupitoulas-street-and-washington-avenue-new-orleans-la/">a set of on-line exhibits on Ledner's work</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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