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It is an [[ward (politics)|electoral ward]] and a [[community (Wales)|community]] in the unitary authority of [[Neath Port Talbot]], Wales, comprising a resident population of just over 3,000 people, approximately 60% of whom speak [[Welsh language|Welsh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6158201&c=Ystalyfera&d=14&e=16&g=418146&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1278323774968&enc=1&dsFamilyId=197 |title= Lead view table |publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]] |date=18 November 2004 |access-date= 5 July 2010}}</ref> [[National Cycle Route 43]] passes through the village. ==History== The history of Ystalyfera begins with a small farming family who shared the land. This is reflected in the village's name, composed from the [[Welsh language|Welsh]] words, ynys (meaning island), tal (meaning tall) and berran (a composite of ber and rhan, indicating a land-share – a short piece of shared land, probably between agricultural labourers).{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} The history of the name can be seen as it evolved through the ages: - *'''1582''' Ynys Tal y Feran *'''1604''' Tir Ynystalferran *'''1797''' Stalyfera Issa, Ycha, Genol *'''1831''' Ystalyfera Ystalyfera grew as a village with the advent of [[coal mining]] and iron working which, together with copper working, were important industries in the [[Swansea Valley]].{{cn|date=February 2023}} In 1838 a [[Metallurgical furnace|furnace]] was built by James Palmer Budd at Ystalyfera and from this grew the iron and [[tinplate]] works which by 1863 was described as “the largest tinplate manufactory in the world”. A new cold-blast process was successfully introduced here and, despite some early crises, the works prospered. By the mid-1850s there were 40 furnaces for puddling and balling in operation and 16 tin mills and houses. The output of iron increased from 4,893 tons in 1843 to 29,828 tons in 1858. The works continued to grow during the 1860s and reached peak production in 1872 with the sale of 182,000 boxes of [[tinplate]].{{cn|date=February 2023}} However, the years of prosperity were limited. The 1870s saw little addition to the plant of the works. Steel had now come to challenge iron on a larger scale, new methods of production demanded the energy, technical skill and [[financial capital]] which the ageing J. P. Budd at Ystalyfera could not supply. The works continued to operate during the 1870s, but with Budd's death in 1880 the end was in sight. By this time the works were incurring heavy losses and late in 1885 the works finally closed. For more than 40 years the works had been the colossus of the district and, more than anything else, had been responsible for the transformation of the latter's economic basis and social structure. Less significant in their contribution were the two ironworks, at [[Pontardawe]] and [[Brynamman]], though both became substantial producers of tinplate from the 1860s.{{cn|date=February 2023}} The expansion in iron production inevitably created a heavy demand for local coal. The middle decades of the 19th century saw the expansion of existing mines and the sinking of new ones in the parish and the neighbouring districts.{{cn|date=February 2023}} With the closure of the iron works and later the coalmines, Ystalyfera suffered very heavily on the economic front. Through the 20th century, the village rebuilt and redefined its role. At present, there are small businesses that run in the village. Many of the village's residents commute to [[Swansea]] or [[Neath]] to work.{{cn|date=February 2023}} ==Gurnos Chapel== The first chapel was constructed between 1839 and 1840 by [[Wesleyans]]. In 1858 the chapel was purchased by [[Congregational church|Congregationalists]] and in 1864 was rebuilt. The chapel was rebuilt again in 1913–14. Between 1884 and 1922 the minister was Reverend John Thomas.<ref name=history/> In about 1900 the chapel had an organ built and installed by [[Conacher and Co]] of Huddersfield.<ref>{{NPOR|id=V00090|access-date=16 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{youtube|rS0tA8iwcFE|Visit To Gurnos Chapel Ystalyfera in Swansea}}</ref> In August 1915 an organ recital was given by Professor [[Firmin Swinnen]], organist of [[Cathedral of Our Lady (Antwerp)|Antwerp Cathedral]] in Belgium.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ystalyfera-history.co.uk/organ-recital-gurnos.html|title=August 1915 organ recital at Gurnos Chapel, Ystalyfera|first=Ystalyfera History and|last=Heritage|publisher=ystradgynlais-history.co.uk|access-date=16 April 2017}}</ref> The Chapel celebrated its centenary in 1957. In 2011 it was sold into private ownership, with the owners allowing a [[food bank]] to operate from the premises.<ref name=history>{{cite web|url=http://www.ystalyfera-history.co.uk/gurnos-chapel-ystalyfera.html|title=Gurnos Chapel, Ystalyfera|first=Ystalyfera History and|last=Heritage|publisher=ystradgynlais-history.co.uk|access-date=16 April 2017}}</ref> ==Present== The village has [[Welsh language]] schools at both [[primary school]] and [[comprehensive school]] level. The Wern (English: Alder) Primary School, which was established at the end of the 19th century and [[Ysgol Gyfun Ystalyfera]], the latter having consistently good examination results. These schools reflect the high proportion of Welsh speakers in the area.{{cn|date=February 2023}} Ystalyfera is home to [[Ystalyfera RFC]] &ndash; a [[rugby union]] club, which is an integral part of the village &ndash; and a [[cricket]] team. The village was home to two cinemas, as well as one just outside the boundary, which were all later demolished.{{cn|date=February 2023}} Ystalyfera is also the home to the Wern Fawr [[public house]], and its [[Bryncelyn Brewery]]. A [[brewery]] used to exist on site and produced the Champion Beer of Wales in 2002/3 and 2003/4, coming 3rd in 2004/5. All of the beers produced had a [[Buddy Holly]] theme, these are now brewed by the '9 Lives Brewing' company which is no longer located on site.{{cn|date=February 2023}} ===Population breakdown=== *Population density (People / sq mi): 2.8 ''(24.9 for UK)'' *Females / male: 1.07 ''(1.05 for UK)'' *Average commute: 12.03 miles ''(8.73 miles for UK)'' *Average age: 41 ''(39 for UK)'' *Home ownership: 12% ''(16.9% for UK)'' *Student population: 2% ''(4.4% for UK)'' *People in good health: 58% ''(69% for UK)'' *People in bad health: 42% ''(53% for UK)'' ==Government and politics== The [[electoral ward]] of Ystalyfera is a division of Neath Port Talbot [[county borough]] and consists of some or all of the following settlements: Ystalyfera and [[Gurnos, Powys|Gurnos]] in the parliamentary constituency of [[Neath (UK Parliament constituency)|Neath]]. The ward consists of a dense settlement to the east and north around the [[A4067 road]] in the Swansea Valley. An area of woodland lies to the west and the rest of the ward consists of open moorland with a few farms. Ystalyfera is bounded by the wards of [[Cwmtwrch]] and of [[Powys]] to the northeast; [[Ystradgynlais|Ystradgynlais Town]] (Ynyscedwyn ward), [[Powys]] to the east; [[Rhos, Neath Port Talbot|Rhos]] to the southeast; [[Godre'r Graig]] to the south; [[Pontardawe (electoral ward)|Pontardawe]] to the west; and [[Cwmllynfell]] to the northwest. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [https://www.geograph.org.uk/search.php?i=2831837 www.geograph.co.uk : photos of Ystalyfera and surrounding area] * [http://www.ystalyfera-history.co.uk The history of Ystalyfera and district] * [http://www.ystalyfera-fallen.co.uk The fallen of Ystalyfera and district from the World Wars] {{Neath Port Talbot}} {{Neath Port Talbot electoral wards}} {{Neath Port Talbot communities}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Villages in Neath Port Talbot]] [[Category:Communities in Neath Port Talbot]] [[Category:Electoral wards of Neath Port Talbot]] [[Category:Swansea Valley]] </textarea><div 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