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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Species_formerly_included"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Species formerly included</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Species_formerly_included-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sociolinguistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sociolinguistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sociolinguistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sociolinguistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Avena</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 75 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3)" title="شوفان (جنس) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شوفان (جنس)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena_(chenero)" title="Avena (chenero) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Avena (chenero)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yulaf" title="Yulaf – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yulaf" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81" title="یولاف – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یولاف" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%81" title="Авёс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Авёс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%81" title="Авёс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Авёс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81_(%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Овес (род) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Овес (род)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%C4%95%D0%BB%C4%95" title="Сĕлĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сĕлĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oves" title="Oves – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Oves" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havre" title="Havre – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Havre" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafer" title="Hafer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hafer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wows" title="Wows – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Wows" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaer_(perekond)" title="Kaer (perekond) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaer (perekond)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Пинеме – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Пинеме" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aveno" title="Aveno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aveno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7" title="گندمیان آونا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گندمیان آونا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coirce_fi%C3%A1in" title="Coirce fiáin – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Coirce fiáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avea" title="Avea – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Avea" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%86%8D" title="귀리속 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="귀리속" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Վարսակ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վարսակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wows" title="Wows – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wows" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zob" title="Zob – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zob" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aveno" title="Aveno – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aveno" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B" title="Сысджы – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сысджы" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena_(botanica)" title="Avena (botanica) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Avena (botanica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%AA-%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%9C_(%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%92)" title="שיבולת-שועל (סוג) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שיבולת-שועל (סוג)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="შვრია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შვრია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93ws" title="Óws – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Óws" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%B1%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Сұлы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сұлы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D3%A7%D1%80" title="Зӧр – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Зӧр" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%B9%D0%BB%D1%8C%D3%B9" title="Шӹльӹ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шӹльӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%8A%D0%B0" title="Нехъа – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Нехъа" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena_(genus)" title="Avena (genus) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Avena (genus)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auzas_(%C4%A3ints)" title="Auzas (ģints) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Auzas (ģints)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avi%C5%BEa" title="Aviža – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aviža" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zab" title="Zab – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Zab" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81_(%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Овес (род) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Овес (род)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="شوفان (جنس من النباتات) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شوفان (جنس من النباتات)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AE%E5%B1%9E" title="カラスムギ属 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カラスムギ属" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сула – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сула" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heewer" title="Heewer – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Heewer" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D3%A7%D1%80" title="Зӧр – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Зӧр" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owies" title="Owies – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Owies" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aveia" title="Aveia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aveia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awina" title="Awina – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Awina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%81" title="Овёс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Овёс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovos" title="Ovos – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ovos" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaurat" title="Kaurat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kaurat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B_(%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3)" title="Солы (ыруг) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Солы (ыруг)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Сулӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сулӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yulaf" title="Yulaf – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yulaf" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCle" title="Süle – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Süle" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сула – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Сула" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%8C%D1%8B" title="Сезьы – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Сезьы" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Овес – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Овес" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena_(bot%C3%A0nega)" title="Avena (botànega) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Avena (botànega)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagr" title="Kagr – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kagr" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avena" title="Avena – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Avena" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%87%95%E9%BA%A6%E5%B1%9E" title="燕麦属 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="燕麦属" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%87%95%E9%BA%A5%E5%B1%AC" title="燕麥屬 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="燕麥屬" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q146760#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Avena" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Genus of grasses oat</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about cereal grass plants. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Avena_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Avena (disambiguation)">Avena (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Wild oat" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wild_Oats_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Wild Oats (disambiguation)">Wild Oats (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Oats </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Avena_fatua1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Avena_fatua1.jpg/220px-Avena_fatua1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Avena_fatua1.jpg/330px-Avena_fatua1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Avena_fatua1.jpg/440px-Avena_fatua1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Common wild oat (<i><a href="/wiki/Avena_fatua" title="Avena fatua">Avena fatua</a></i>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Avena" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monocotyledon" title="Monocotyledon">Monocots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commelinids" title="Commelinids">Commelinids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poales" title="Poales">Poales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poaceae" title="Poaceae">Poaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subfamily: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pooideae" title="Pooideae">Pooideae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Supertribe: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poeae" title="Poeae">Poodae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tribe: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Poeae" title="Poeae">Poeae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subtribe: </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aveninae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aveninae (page does not exist)">Aveninae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Avena</i></a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a> 1753 not Scop. 1777 nor Thell. 1911<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Type_species" title="Type species">Type species</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_sativa" class="mw-redirect" title="Avena sativa">Avena sativa</a></i><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-z_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-z-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Preissia</i> <small>Corda</small></li> <li><i>Anelytrum</i> <small>Hack.</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Avena</b></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> of Eurasian and African plants<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Poaceae" title="Poaceae">grass family</a>. Collectively known as the <a href="/wiki/Oats" class="mw-redirect" title="Oats">oats</a>, they include some species which have been cultivated for thousands of years as a food source for humans and livestock.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are widespread throughout Europe, Asia and northwest Africa. Several species have become naturalized in many parts of the world, and are regarded as invasive weeds where they compete with crop production. All oats have edible <a href="/wiki/Seed" title="Seed">seeds</a>, though they are small and hard to harvest in most species.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Avena</i> species, including cultivated oats, are used as food plants by the <a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larvae</a> of some <a href="/wiki/Lepidoptera" title="Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a> species, including <a href="/wiki/Rustic_shoulder-knot" class="mw-redirect" title="Rustic shoulder-knot">rustic shoulder-knot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Setaceous_Hebrew_character" title="Setaceous Hebrew character">setaceous Hebrew character</a>. </p><p>For diseases of oats, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_oat_diseases" title="List of oat diseases">List of oat diseases</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Species">Species</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Species"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultivated_oats">Cultivated oats</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cultivated oats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One species is of major commercial importance as a <a href="/wiki/Cereal" title="Cereal">cereal</a> grain. Four other species are grown as crops of minor or regional importance.<sup id="cite_ref-z_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-z-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_sativa" class="mw-redirect" title="Avena sativa">Avena sativa</a></i> – the common oat, a cereal crop of global importance and the species commonly referred to as "oats"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_abyssinica" title="Avena abyssinica">Avena abyssinica</a></i> – the Ethiopian oat, native to Ethiopia, Eritrea, + Djibouti; naturalized in Yemen + Saudi Arabia</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_byzantina" title="Avena byzantina">Avena byzantina</a></i>, a minor crop in Greece and <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>; introduced in Spain, Algeria, India, New Zealand, South America, etc.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_nuda" title="Avena nuda">Avena nuda</a></i> – the naked oat or hulless oat, which plays much the same role in Europe as does <i>A. abyssinica</i> in Ethiopia. It is sometimes included in <i>A. sativa</i> and was widely grown in Europe before the latter replaced it. As its <a href="/wiki/Nutrient" title="Nutrient">nutrient</a> content is somewhat better than that of the common oat, <i>A. nuda</i> has increased in significance in recent years, especially in <a href="/wiki/Organic_farming" title="Organic farming">organic farming</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_strigosa" title="Avena strigosa">Avena strigosa</a></i> – the lopsided oat, bristle oat, or black oat,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> grown for <a href="/wiki/Fodder" title="Fodder">fodder</a> in parts of Western Europe and <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wild_oats">Wild oats</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Wild oats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several species of <i>Avena</i> occur in the wild, sometimes as weeds in agricultural fields. They are known as <b>wild oats</b> or <b>oat-grasses</b>. Those growing alongside cultivated oats in agricultural fields are considered nuisance <a href="/wiki/Weed" title="Weed">weeds</a>, as, being grasses like the crop, they are difficult to remove chemically; any standard <a href="/wiki/Herbicide" title="Herbicide">herbicide</a> that would kill them would also damage the crop. A specific herbicide must be used. The costs of this herbicide and the length of time it must be used to reduce the weed are significant, with seeds able to lie dormant for up to 10 years.<sup id="cite_ref-z_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-z-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_aemulans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena aemulans (page does not exist)">Avena aemulans</a></i> – European Russia</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_barbata" title="Avena barbata">Avena barbata</a></i> – slender wild oat – from Portugal + Morocco to Tajikistan</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_brevis" title="Avena brevis">Avena brevis</a></i> – short oat – central + southern Europe</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_chinensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena chinensis (page does not exist)">Avena chinensis</a></i> – Germany, Austria; introduced in China, Belarus</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_clauda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena clauda (page does not exist)">Avena clauda</a></i> – Balkans, Middle East, Central Asia</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_eriantha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena eriantha (page does not exist)">Avena eriantha</a></i> – North Africa, Middle East, Central Asia, Caucasus</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_fatua" title="Avena fatua">Avena fatua</a></i> – common wild oat – Europe, Asia, North Africa; naturalized in Australia, the Americas, various islands</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_longiglumis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena longiglumis (page does not exist)">Avena longiglumis</a></i> – North Africa, Israel, Spain, Portugal, Sardinia</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_maroccana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena maroccana (page does not exist)">Avena maroccana</a></i> – Moroccan oat – Morocco</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_murphyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena murphyi (page does not exist)">Avena murphyi</a></i> – Morocco, Spain</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_prostrata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena prostrata (page does not exist)">Avena prostrata</a></i> – Morocco, Spain</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_saxatilis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena saxatilis (page does not exist)">Avena saxatilis</a></i> – Sicily and small nearby islands</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_sterilis" title="Avena sterilis">Avena sterilis</a></i> – winter wild oat – Mediterranean, East Africa; temperate Asia; introduced in northern Europe, Australia, New Zealand, the Americas</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_strigosa" title="Avena strigosa">Avena strigosa</a></i> – Spain, France, Portugal; introduced in other parts of Europe as well as in scattered locations in Australia, New Zealand, the Americas</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_vaviloviana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena vaviloviana (page does not exist)">Avena vaviloviana</a></i> – Eritrea, Ethiopia</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_ventricosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena ventricosa (page does not exist)">Avena ventricosa</a></i> – North Africa, Middle East</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena_volgensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avena volgensis (page does not exist)">Avena volgensis</a></i> – European Russia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Species_formerly_included">Species formerly included</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Species formerly included"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hundreds of taxa have been included in <i>Avena</i> at one time in the past but are now considered better suited to other genera:<sup id="cite_ref-z_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-z-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Agrostis" title="Agrostis">Agrostis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aira" title="Aira">Aira</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ampelodesmos" title="Ampelodesmos">Ampelodesmos</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Anisopogon" title="Anisopogon">Anisopogon</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Arrhenatherum" title="Arrhenatherum">Arrhenatherum</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Avenula" title="Avenula">Avenula</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bromus" title="Bromus">Bromus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Calamagrostis" title="Calamagrostis">Calamagrostis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Capeochloa" title="Capeochloa">Capeochloa</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Centropodia" title="Centropodia">Centropodia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Corynephorus" title="Corynephorus">Corynephorus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Danthonia" title="Danthonia">Danthonia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Danthoniastrum" title="Danthoniastrum">Danthoniastrum</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Deschampsia" title="Deschampsia">Deschampsia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Festuca" title="Festuca">Festuca</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gaudinia" title="Gaudinia">Gaudinia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Helictochloa" title="Helictochloa">Helictochloa</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Helictotrichon" title="Helictotrichon">Helictotrichon</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hierochloe" title="Hierochloe">Hierochloe</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Lachnagrostis" title="Lachnagrostis">Lachnagrostis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Lolium" title="Lolium">Lolium</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Parapholis" title="Parapholis">Parapholis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pentameris" title="Pentameris">Pentameris</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Periballia" title="Periballia">Periballia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Peyritschia" title="Peyritschia">Peyritschia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Rytidosperma" title="Rytidosperma">Rytidosperma</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Schizachne" title="Schizachne">Schizachne</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sphenopholis" title="Sphenopholis">Sphenopholis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Stipa" title="Stipa">Stipa</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Stipagrostis" title="Stipagrostis">Stipagrostis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tenaxia" title="Tenaxia">Tenaxia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tricholemma" title="Tricholemma">Tricholemma</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Triraphis" title="Triraphis">Triraphis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Trisetaria" title="Trisetaria">Trisetaria</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Trisetum" title="Trisetum">Trisetum</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tristachya" title="Tristachya">Tristachya</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Ventenata" title="Ventenata">Ventenata</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sociolinguistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Sowing wild oats" is a phrase used since at least the 16th century; it appears in a 1542 <a href="/wiki/Tract_(literature)" title="Tract (literature)">tract</a> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beccon" title="Thomas Beccon">Thomas Beccon</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> clergyman from <a href="/wiki/Norfolk" title="Norfolk">Norfolk</a>. Apparently, a similar expression was used in <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republican</a> times<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2023)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, possibly by <a href="/wiki/Plautus" title="Plautus">Plautus</a>. The origin of the expression is the fact that wild oats, notably <i>A. fatua</i>, are a major weed in oat farming. Among European cereal grains, oats are hardest to tell apart from their weedy relatives, which look almost alike but yield little grain. The life cycle of <i>A. fatua</i> is nearly synchronous with that of common oat, and their relationship is an example of <a href="/wiki/Vavilovian_mimicry" title="Vavilovian mimicry">Vavilovian mimicry</a>. Historically, growers could control the weed only by checking the crop plants one by one and hand-weeding. Consequently, "sowing wild oats" became a phrase to describe unprofitable activities. Given the reputation of oat grain to have <a href="/wiki/Oat#Health" title="Oat">invigorating properties</a> and the obvious connection between plant seeds and human "<a href="/wiki/Semen" title="Semen">seed</a>", it is not surprising that the meaning of the phrase became a reference to the liaisons of an unmarried young male, which result in unwanted children born <a href="/wiki/Out_of_wedlock" class="mw-redirect" title="Out of wedlock">out of wedlock</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Poaceae_genera" title="List of Poaceae genera">List of Poaceae genera</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avena&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?name=Avena&commonname=">Tropicos, search for <i>Avena</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8394627#page/327/mode/1up">Thellung, Albert. 1911. Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich 56: 311–337</a> in German</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">lectotype designated by Nash in N. L. Britton et A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N.U.S. ed. 2. 1: 218 (1913)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-z-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-z_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-z_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-z_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-z_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=451095">Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?1190">List of Avena species on GRIN</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWatson,_L._and_M._J._Dallwitz.2008" class="citation web cs1">Watson, L. and M. J. Dallwitz. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090820162235/http://delta-intkey.com/grass/www/avena.htm">"<i>Avena</i>"</a>. <i>The Grass Genera of the World</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://delta-intkey.com/grass/www/avena.htm">the original</a> on 2009-08-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-08-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Grass+Genera+of+the+World&rft.atitle=Avena&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Watson%2C+L.+and+M.+J.+Dallwitz.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdelta-intkey.com%2Fgrass%2Fwww%2Favena.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAvena" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cabi, E. & M. Doğan. 2012. Poaceae. 690–756. In A. Güner, S. Aslan, T. Ekim, M. Vural & M. T. Babaç (eds.) Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Röser, M., E. Döring, G. Winterfeld & J. Schneider. 2009. Generic realignments in the grass tribe Aveneae (Poaceae). Schlechtendalia 19: 27–38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bailey, L.H. & E.Z. Bailey. 1976. Hortus Third i–xiv, 1–1290. MacMillan, New York</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Wishart" class="citation web cs1">John Wishart. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927213641/http://www.agronomy.uhi.ac.uk/html/blackoats_wheat.htm">"Orkney College"</a>. Agronomy.uhi.ac.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agronomy.uhi.ac.uk/html/blackoats_wheat.htm">the original</a> on 2011-09-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Orkney+College&rft.pub=Agronomy.uhi.ac.uk&rft.au=John+Wishart&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.agronomy.uhi.ac.uk%2Fhtml%2Fblackoats_wheat.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAvena" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=103247">Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 323 <big>燕麦属</big> yan mai shu <i>Avena</i> Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 79. 1753. </a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=103247">Flora of Pakistan, <i>Avena</i> Linn.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/floraspecie.php?genere=avena">Altervista Flora Italiana, genere <i>Avena</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150201021857/http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/floraspecie.php?genere=avena">Archived</a> February 1, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> includes photos and distribution maps for several species</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pohl, R. W. 1994. 38. Avena L. 6: 232. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quinion, Michael (November 1999): World Wide Words: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-sow1.htm">Sow one's wild oats</a>. Retrieved 17 October 2007.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Avena" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Avena">Avena</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZoharyHopfWeiss2012" class="citation book cs1">Zohary, Daniel; Hopf, Maria; Weiss, Ehud (2012). <i>Domestication of Plants in the Old World: The Origin and Spread of Domesticated Plants in Southwest Asia, Europe, and the Mediterranean Basin</i> (Fourth ed.). 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oats" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Oat" title="Oat">Oats</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Avena</a></i> species and cultivars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_abyssinica" title="Avena abyssinica">Avena abyssinica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_insularis" title="Avena insularis">Avena insularis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_nuda" title="Avena nuda">Avena nuda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_sativa" class="mw-redirect" title="Avena sativa">Avena sativa</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kherson_oat" title="Kherson oat">Kherson oat</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_byzantina" title="Avena byzantina">Avena byzantina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avena_strigosa" title="Avena strigosa">Avena strigosa</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Basic preparations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groat_(grain)" title="Groat (grain)">Groat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oatmeal" title="Oatmeal">Oatmeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oat_milk" title="Oat milk">Oat milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolled_oats" title="Rolled oats">Rolled oats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel-cut_oats" title="Steel-cut oats">Steel-cut oats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culinary usage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anzac_biscuit" title="Anzac biscuit">Anzac biscuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atholl_brose" title="Atholl brose">Atholl brose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avena_(drink)" title="Avena (drink)">Avena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bannock_(British_food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bannock (British food)">Bannock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_pudding" title="Black pudding">Black pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenntar" title="Brenntar">Brenntar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranachan" title="Cranachan">Cranachan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dock_pudding" title="Dock pudding">Dock pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Slavic_fermented_cereal_soups" class="mw-redirect" title="West Slavic fermented cereal soups">fermented soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flapjack_(oat_bar)" title="Flapjack (oat bar)">Flapjack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_pudding" title="Fruit pudding">Fruit pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomme_(food)" title="Gomme (food)">Gomme (food)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granola" title="Granola">Granola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruel" title="Gruel">Gruel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havreflarn" title="Havreflarn">Havreflarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobnob_biscuit" title="Hobnob biscuit">Hobnob biscuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasha" title="Kasha">Kasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muesli" title="Muesli">Muesli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oatmeal_ball" title="Oatmeal ball">Oatmeal ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oat_bread" class="mw-redirect" title="Oat bread">Oat bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oatcake" title="Oatcake">Oatcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oatmeal_Crisp" title="Oatmeal Crisp">Oatmeal Crisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oatmeal_raisin_cookie" title="Oatmeal raisin cookie">Oatmeal raisin cookie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oatmeal_stout" class="mw-redirect" title="Oatmeal stout">Oatmeal stout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkin_(cake)" title="Parkin (cake)">Parkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porridge" title="Porridge">Porridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_cake" title="Rock cake">Rock cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirlie" title="Skirlie">Skirlie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sowans" title="Sowans">Sowans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire_oatcake" title="Staffordshire oatcake">Staffordshire oatcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stornoway_black_pudding" title="Stornoway black pudding">Stornoway black pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throdkin" title="Throdkin">Throdkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_pudding" title="White pudding">White pudding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cool-A-Coo" title="Cool-A-Coo">Cool-A-Coo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%27s-It_Ice_Cream" title="It's-It Ice Cream">It's-It Ice Cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macroom_Oatmeal" title="Macroom Oatmeal">Macroom Oatmeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maypo" title="Maypo">Maypo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCann%27s_Steel_Cut_Irish_Oatmeal" title="McCann's Steel Cut Irish Oatmeal">McCann's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McOatmeal" class="mw-redirect" title="McOatmeal">McOatmeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mornflake" title="Mornflake">Mornflake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oatly" title="Oatly">Oatly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oatmeal_Creme_Pie" title="Oatmeal Creme Pie">Oatmeal Creme Pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_Oats_Company" title="Quaker Oats Company">Quaker Oats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ready_Brek" title="Ready Brek">Ready Brek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Tobys" title="Uncle Tobys">Uncle Tobys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenanthramide" title="Avenanthramide">Avenanthramide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oat_beta-glucan" title="Oat beta-glucan">Oat beta-glucan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oatmeal_cookie_(cocktail)" title="Oatmeal cookie (cocktail)">Oatmeal cookie (cocktail)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oat_diseases" title="List of oat diseases">Oat diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oat_sensitivity" title="Oat sensitivity">Oat sensitivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_v_Hughes" title="Smith v Hughes">Smith v Hughes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Oats" title="Category:Oats">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Avena</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146760" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q146760">Q146760</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Avena_Linnaeus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Avena Linnaeus">Avena Linnaeus</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/188464">188464</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/114689">114689</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id42554">42554</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=121125">121125</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/8VVDD">8VVDD</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/State_Herbarium_of_South_Australia" title="State Herbarium of South Australia">eFloraSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&name=Avena">Avena</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/108054">108054</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1AVEG">1AVEG</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/FloraBase" title="FloraBase">FloraBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/20964">20964</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Australia" title="Flora of Australia">FoAO2</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Avena">Avena</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=103247">103247</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2705282">2705282</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/GrassBase" title="GrassBase">GrassBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db/www/gen00073">gen00073</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=1190">1190</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/52697">52697</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/17560-1">17560-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=41455">41455</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NHMSYS0000456363">NHMSYS0000456363</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=4496">4496</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/07377a7e-e290-4823-a7fb-1d3877791585">07377a7e-e290-4823-a7fb-1d3877791585</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=790365">790365</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/AVENA">AVENA</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A17560-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17560-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/40023225">40023225</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">uBio: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=5866015">5866015</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">VASCAN: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/880">880</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Herbarium_of_Victoria" title="National Herbarium of Victoria">VicFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/7ce2b7ff-eccd-4d7a-95e1-af032ba46670">7ce2b7ff-eccd-4d7a-95e1-af032ba46670</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-4000003762">wfo-4000003762</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146760#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4158723-6">Germany</a></span></li><li><span 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