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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> This article is about the multinational technology company. For other companies, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(disambiguation)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Businesses_and_organizations" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Amazon (disambiguation)">Amazon (disambiguation) § Businesses and organizations</a>. </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) 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Amazon.com, Inc.,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10K-1">[1]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trade_name?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trade name">doing business as</a> Amazon (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:IPA/English?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈæməzɒn/</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">AM-ə-zon</a>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/British_English?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="British English">UK</a> also <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:IPA/English?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈæməzən/</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">AM-ə-zən</a>), is an American <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Multinational_corporation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Technology_company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Technology company">technology company</a> engaged in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/E-commerce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="E-commerce">e-commerce</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cloud_computing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cloud computing">cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Online_advertising?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Online advertising">online advertising</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Streaming_media?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Streaming media">digital streaming</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Artificial_intelligence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Founded in 1994 by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeff_Bezos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellevue,_Washington?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellevue, Washington">Bellevue, Washington</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6">[6]</a> the company originally started as an online marketplace for books but gradually expanded its offerings to include a wide range of product categories, referred to as "The Everything Store".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Today, Amazon is considered one of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Big_Tech?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Big Tech">Big Five</a> American technology companies, the other four being <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alphabet_Inc.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alphabet Inc.">Alphabet</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8">[a]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Apple_Inc.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meta_Platforms?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meta Platforms">Meta</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9">[b]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Microsoft?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. <table class="infobox ib-company vcard"> <caption class="infobox-title fn org"> Amazon.com, Inc. </caption> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_2024.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Amazon_2024.svg/200px-Amazon_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Amazon_2024.svg/300px-Amazon_2024.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Amazon_2024.svg/400px-Amazon_2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1507" data-file-height="505"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_Tower_I_topped_out,_June_2015.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Amazon_Tower_I_topped_out%2C_June_2015.jpg/220px-Amazon_Tower_I_topped_out%2C_June_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Amazon_Tower_I_topped_out%252C_June_2015.jpg/330px-Amazon_Tower_I_topped_out%252C_June_2015.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Amazon_Tower_I_topped_out%252C_June_2015.jpg/440px-Amazon_Tower_I_topped_out%252C_June_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="4752"></a> <div class="infobox-caption"> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doppler_(building)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Doppler (building)">Doppler building</a> in Seattle, Amazon's headquarters </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trade_name?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trade name">Trade name</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">Amazon</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th> <td class="infobox-data nickname">Cadabra, Inc. (1994–1995)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th> <td class="infobox-data category"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Public_company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Public company">Public</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ticker_symbol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="plainlist"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nasdaq?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/amzn">AMZN</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nasdaq-100?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nasdaq-100">Nasdaq-100</a> component</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/DJIA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="DJIA">DJIA</a> component</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%26P_100?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="S&P 100">S&P 100</a> component</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%26P_500?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="S&P 500">S&P 500</a> component</li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Securities Identification Number">ISIN</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://isin.toolforge.org/?language%3Den%26isin%3DUS0231351067">US0231351067</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th> <td class="infobox-data category"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style> <div class="hlist"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Conglomerate (company)">Conglomerate</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th> <td class="infobox-data">July 5, 1994; 30 years ago (1994-07-05), in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellevue,_Washington?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellevue, Washington">Bellevue, Washington</a>, U.S.</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th> <td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeff_Bezos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th> <td class="infobox-data adr"> <div class="ib-company-locality locality"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seattle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Washington_(state)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arlington_County,_Virginia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arlington County, Virginia">Arlington, Virginia</a> </div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name"> U.S. </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> Area served </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> Key people </div></th> <td class="infobox-data agent"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeff_Bezos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Executive_chairman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive chairman">executive chairman</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andy_Jassy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Andy Jassy">Andy Jassy</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/President_(corporate_title)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="President (corporate title)">president</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chief_executive_officer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th> <td class="infobox-data"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <div class="hlist"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Echo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Echo">Echo</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fire_tablet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Fire tablet">Fire Tablet</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fire_TV?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Fire TV">Fire TV</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fire_OS?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fire OS">Fire OS</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Kindle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Services</th> <td class="infobox-data category"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon.ca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon.ca">Amazon.com</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Alexa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Alexa">Amazon Alexa</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Appstore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Appstore">Amazon Appstore</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Clinic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Clinic">Amazon Clinic</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Inspire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Inspire">Amazon Inspire</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Luna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Luna">Amazon Luna</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Music?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Music">Amazon Music</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Pay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Pay">Amazon Pay</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Prime?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Prime">Amazon Prime</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Prime Video">Amazon Prime Video</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_MGM_Studios?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon MGM Studios">Amazon MGM Studios</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Robotics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Robotics">Amazon Robotics</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MGM%2B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="MGM+">MGM+</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/One_Medical?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="One Medical">One Medical</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ring_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ring (company)">Ring</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Twitch_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> US$574.8 billion (2023)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> US$36.85 billion (2023)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Net_income?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Net income">Net income</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> US$30.43 billion (2023)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asset?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> US$527.9 billion (2023)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Equity_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> US$201.9 billion (2023)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th> <td class="infobox-data">Jeff Bezos (8.92%)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> Number of employees </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">≈ 1,525,000 (2023)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Subsidiary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"> <div> List </div> </div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A9.com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="A9.com">A9.com</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/AbeBooks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="AbeBooks">AbeBooks</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexa_Internet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon.com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon.com">Amazon.com</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Air?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Air">Amazon Air</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Books?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Books">Amazon Books</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fresh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Fresh">Amazon Fresh</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Games?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Games">Amazon Games</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Lab126?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Lab126">Amazon Lab126</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Logistics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Logistics">Amazon Logistics</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Pharmacy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Pharmacy">Amazon Pharmacy</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Publishing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Publishing">Amazon Publishing</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Robotics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Robotics">Amazon Robotics</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_MGM_Studios?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon MGM Studios">Amazon MGM Studios</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Web Services">AWS</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Audible_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Audible (service)">Audible</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Blink_Home?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Blink Home">Blink</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Body_Labs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Body Labs">Body Labs</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Book_Depository?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Book Depository">Book Depository</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Brilliance Audio</li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ComiXology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ComiXology">ComiXology</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Eero LLC</li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Goodreads?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Graphiq?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Graphiq">Graphiq</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/IMDb?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuiper_Systems?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuiper Systems">Kuiper Systems</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PillPack?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="PillPack">PillPack</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ring_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ring (company)">Ring</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Souq.com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Souq.com">Souq.com</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Twitch_Interactive?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Twitch Interactive">Twitch Interactive</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Woot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Woot">Woot</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zappos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zappos">Zappos</a></li> <li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zoox_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zoox (company)">Zoox</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.amazon.com/">amazon.com</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Footnotes / references <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10K-1">[1]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4">[4]</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> The company has multiple <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Subsidiary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Subsidiary">subsidiaries</a>, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a>, providing cloud computing; <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zoox_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zoox (company)">Zoox</a>, a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Self-driving_car?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Self-driving car">self-driving car</a> division; <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuiper_Systems?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuiper Systems">Kuiper Systems</a>, a satellite Internet provider; and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Lab126?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Lab126">Amazon Lab126</a>, a computer hardware <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Research_and_development?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Research and development">R&D</a> provider. Other subsidiaries include <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ring_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ring (company)">Ring</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Twitch_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/IMDb?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a>. Its acquisition of Whole Foods in August 2017 for US$13.4 billion substantially increased its market share and presence as a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brick_and_mortar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brick and mortar">physical retailer</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-wf-10">[8]</a> Amazon also distributes a variety of downloadable and streaming content through its <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Prime Video">Amazon Prime Video</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MGM%2B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="MGM+">MGM+</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Music?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Music">Amazon Music</a>, Twitch, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Audible_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Audible (service)">Audible</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wondery?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wondery">Wondery</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11">[9]</a> units. It publishes books through its publishing arm, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Publishing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Publishing">Amazon Publishing</a>, film and television content through <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_MGM_Studios?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon MGM Studios">Amazon MGM Studios</a>, including the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> studio, which was acquired in March 2022, and owns Brilliance Audio and Audible, which produce and distribute audiobooks, respectively. Amazon also produces <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consumer_electronics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consumer electronics">consumer electronics</a>—most notably, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Kindle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle e-readers</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Echo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Echo">Echo</a> devices, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Fire">Fire tablets</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fire_TV?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Fire TV">Fire TVs</a>. Amazon has a reputation as a disruptor of industries through technological innovation and aggressive reinvestment of profits into capital expenditures.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12">[10]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13">[11]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14">[12]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15">[13]</a> As of 2023<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAmazon_(company)%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a>, it is the world's largest <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Online_shopping?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Online shopping">online retailer</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Online_marketplace?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Online marketplace">marketplace</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Smart_speaker?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Smart speaker">smart speaker</a> provider, cloud computing service through AWS,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16">[14]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Live_streaming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Live streaming">live-streaming</a> service through Twitch, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_largest_Internet_companies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of largest Internet companies">Internet company</a> as measured by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Revenue?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Revenue">revenue</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Market_share?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Market share">market share</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17">[15]</a> In 2021, it surpassed <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Walmart?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Walmart">Walmart</a> as the world's largest retailer outside of China, driven in large part by its paid subscription plan, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Prime?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Prime">Amazon Prime</a>, which has close to 200 million subscribers worldwide.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18">[16]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19">[17]</a> It is the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_largest_United_States%E2%80%93based_employers_globally?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of largest United States–based employers globally">second-largest private employer in the United States</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20">[18]</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_largest_companies_by_revenue?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of largest companies by revenue">second-largest company in the World</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_largest_companies_in_the_United_States_by_revenue?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of largest companies in the United States by revenue">in the U.S.</a> by revenue as of 2024.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21">[19]</a> As of October 2024, Amazon is the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_most-visited_websites?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of most-visited websites">12th-most visited website in the world</a> and 84% of its traffic comes from the United States.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22">[20]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto5-23">[21]</a> Amazon is also the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_companies_by_research_and_development_spending?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of companies by research and development spending">global leader</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Research_and_development?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Research and development">research and development</a> spending, with R&D expenditure of US$73 billion in 2022.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24">[22]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Criticism_of_Amazon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Criticism of Amazon">Amazon has been criticized</a> on various grounds, including but not limited to customer data collection practices, a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toxic_workplace?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Toxic workplace">toxic work culture</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Censorship?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Censorship">censorship</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tax_avoidance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tax avoidance">tax avoidance</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anti-competitive_practices?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anti-competitive practices">anti-competitive practices</a>. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#1994%E2%80%932009">1.1 1994–2009</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#2010%E2%80%93present">1.2 2010–present</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Products_and_services">2 Products and services</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Amazon.com">2.1 Amazon.com</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Merchant_partnerships">2.1.1 Merchant partnerships</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Private-label_products">2.1.2 Private-label products</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Third-party_sellers">2.1.3 Third-party sellers</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Affiliate_program">2.1.4 Affiliate program</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Product_reviews">2.1.5 Product reviews</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Amazon_sales_rank">2.1.6 Amazon sales rank</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Physical_stores">2.2 Physical stores</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Hardware_and_services">2.3 Hardware and services</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Subsidiaries">2.4 Subsidiaries</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-15"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Amazon_Live">2.4.1 Amazon Live</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-16"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Amazon_Web_Services">2.4.2 Amazon Web Services</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-17"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Audible">2.4.3 Audible</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-18"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Goodreads">2.4.4 Goodreads</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-19"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ring">2.4.5 Ring</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Twitch">2.4.6 Twitch</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-21"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Whole_Foods_Market">2.4.7 Whole Foods Market</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-22"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Other">2.4.8 Other</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Operations">3 Operations</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Logistics">3.1 Logistics</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Supply_chain">3.2 Supply chain</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Corporate_affairs">4 Corporate affairs</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Board_of_directors">4.1 Board of directors</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ownership">4.2 Ownership</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Finances">4.3 Finances</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Corporate_culture">4.4 Corporate culture</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Lobbying">4.5 Lobbying</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Criticism">5 Criticism</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-33"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also">6 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-34"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References">7 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-35"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Further_reading">8 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links">9 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <h2 id="History">History</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/History_of_Amazon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="History of Amazon">History of Amazon</a> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="1994–2009">1994–2009</h3> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon%27s_founding_site_in_Bellevue,_Washington_-_exterior.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Amazon%27s_founding_site_in_Bellevue%2C_Washington_-_exterior.jpg/220px-Amazon%27s_founding_site_in_Bellevue%2C_Washington_-_exterior.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4080" data-file-height="3072"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 166px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Amazon%27s_founding_site_in_Bellevue%2C_Washington_-_exterior.jpg/220px-Amazon%27s_founding_site_in_Bellevue%2C_Washington_-_exterior.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="166" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Amazon%27s_founding_site_in_Bellevue%2C_Washington_-_exterior.jpg/330px-Amazon%27s_founding_site_in_Bellevue%2C_Washington_-_exterior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Amazon%27s_founding_site_in_Bellevue%2C_Washington_-_exterior.jpg/440px-Amazon%27s_founding_site_in_Bellevue%2C_Washington_-_exterior.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Jeff Bezos's home in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellevue,_Washington?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellevue, Washington">Bellevue, Washington</a>, where the company was founded in 1994 </figcaption> </figure> Amazon was founded on July 5, 1994, by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeff_Bezos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> after he relocated from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York_City?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New York City">New York City</a> to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellevue,_Washington?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellevue, Washington">Bellevue, Washington</a>, near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seattle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, to operate an online bookstore. Bezos chose the Seattle area for its abundance of technical talent from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Microsoft?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Washington?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a>, as well as its smaller population for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sales_tax?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sales tax">sales tax</a> purposes and the proximity to a major book distribution warehouse in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roseburg,_Oregon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roseburg, Oregon">Roseburg, Oregon</a>. Bezos also considered several other options, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portland,_Oregon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boulder,_Colorado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boulder, Colorado">Boulder, Colorado</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-SeattleTimes-25-25">[23]</a> The company, originally named Cadabra, was founded in the converted garage of Bezos's house for symbolic reasons and was renamed to Amazon in November 1994.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26">[24]</a> The Amazon website launched for public sales on July 16, 1995, and initially sourced its books directly from wholesalers and publishers.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-SeattleTimes-25-25">[23]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27">[25]</a> Amazon went <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Public_company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Public company">public</a> in May 1997. It began selling music and videos in 1998, and began international operations by acquiring online sellers of books in the United Kingdom and Germany. In the subsequent year, it initiated the sale of a diverse range of products, including music, video games, consumer electronics, home improvement items, software, games, and toys.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28">[26]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29">[27]</a> In 2002, it launched <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a> (AWS), which initially focused on providing APIs for web developers to build <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Web_application?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Web application">web applications</a> on top of Amazon's ecommerce platform.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30">[28]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31">[29]</a> In 2004, AWS was expanded to provide website popularity statistics and web crawler data from the Alexa Web Information Service.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32">[30]</a> AWS later shifted toward providing enterprise services with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_S3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon S3">Simple Storage Service</a> (S3) in 2006,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33">[31]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Compute_Cloud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud">Elastic Compute Cloud</a> (EC2) in 2008,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34">[32]</a> allowing companies to rent data storage and computing power from Amazon. In 2006, Amazon also launched the Fulfillment by Amazon program, which allowed individuals and small companies (called "third-party sellers") to sell products through Amazon's warehouses and fulfillment infrastructure.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-amazon-fulfill-press-35">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="2010–present">2010–present</h3> </div> Amazon purchased the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a> supermarket chain in 2017.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36">[34]</a> It is the leading e-retailer in the United States with approximately US$178 billion <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sales_(accounting)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Gross_sales_and_net_sales" title="Sales (accounting)">net sales</a> in 2017. It has over 300 million active customer accounts globally.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37">[35]</a> Amazon saw large growth during the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, hiring more than 100,000 staff in the United States and Canada.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38">[36]</a> Some Amazon workers in the U.S., France, and Italy protested the company's decision to "run normal shifts" due to COVID-19's ease of spread in warehouses.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto-39">[37]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FTMarch19-40">[38]</a> In Spain, the company faced legal complaints over its policies,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-BBCMarch31-41">[39]</a> while a group of US Senators wrote an open letter to Bezos expressing concerns about workplace safety.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-TheVergeMarch31-42">[40]</a> On February 2, 2021, Bezos announced that he would step down as CEO to become executive chair of Amazon's board. The transition officially took place on July 5, 2021, with former CEO of AWS <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andy_Jassy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Andy Jassy">Andy Jassy</a> replacing him as CEO.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-43">[41]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44">[42]</a> In January 2023, Amazon cut over 18,000 jobs, primarily in consumer retail and its human resources division in an attempt to cut costs.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-45">[43]</a> On November 8, 2023, a plan was adopted for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeff_Bezos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> to sell approximately 50 million <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Share_(finance)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Share (finance)">shares</a> of the company over the next year (the deadline for the entire sales plan is January 31, 2025). The first step was the sale of 12 million shares for about $2 billion.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-46">[44]</a> On February 26, 2024, Amazon became a component of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dow Jones Industrial Average">Dow Jones Industrial Average</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-47">[45]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <h2 id="Products_and_services">Products and services</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_Amazon_products_and_services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of Amazon products and services">List of Amazon products and services</a> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Amazon.com">Amazon.com </h3> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"> <table class="infobox vcard"> <caption class="infobox-title fn org"> amazon.com </caption> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon.com-Logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Amazon.com-Logo.svg/220px-Amazon.com-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="43" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="195"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 43px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Amazon.com-Logo.svg/220px-Amazon.com-Logo.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="43" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Amazon.com-Logo.svg/330px-Amazon.com-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Amazon.com-Logo.svg/440px-Amazon.com-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <div class="infobox-caption"> Logo since January 2000 </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""> <div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:gainsboro;text-align:center"> Screenshot </div> <div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon.com_screenshot.jpeg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/59/Amazon.com_screenshot.jpeg" decoding="async" width="300" height="495" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="406"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 495px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/59/Amazon.com_screenshot.jpeg" data-width="300" data-height="495" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <div class="infobox-caption"> Homepage </div> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> Type of site </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/E-commerce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="E-commerce">E-commerce</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th> <td class="infobox-data"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <div class="hlist"> <ul> <li>Arabic</li> <li>Chinese</li> <li>Dutch</li> <li>English</li> <li>French</li> <li>German</li> <li>Hindi</li> <li>Italian</li> <li>Japanese</li> <li>Polish</li> <li>Portuguese</li> <li>Spanish</li> <li>Swedish</li> <li>Turkish</li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th> <td class="infobox-data">Amazon</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th> <td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://Amazon.com">amazon.com</a> (original US site)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th> <td class="infobox-data">Yes</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th> <td class="infobox-data">Optional</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th> <td class="infobox-data">1995; 29 years ago (1995)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th> <td class="infobox-data category">Active</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Written in</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%2B%2B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="C++">C++</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Java_(programming_language)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48">[46]</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Amazon.com is an e-commerce platform that sells many product lines, including media (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Book?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Book">books</a>, movies, music, and software), apparel, baby products, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consumer_electronics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consumer electronics">consumer electronics</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cosmetics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cosmetics">beauty products</a>, gourmet food, groceries, health and personal care products, industrial & scientific supplies, kitchen items, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jewelry?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewelry">jewelry</a>, watches, lawn and garden items, musical instruments, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sports_equipment?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sports equipment">sporting goods</a>, tools, automotive items, toys and games, and farm <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agrochemical?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agrochemical">supplies</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49">[47]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agronomy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agronomy">consulting services</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Rai-50">[48]</a> Amazon websites are country-specific (for example, amazon.com for the U.S. and amazon.co.uk for UK) though some offer international shipping.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51">[49]</a> Visits to amazon.com grew from 615 million annual visitors in 2008,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-52">[50]</a> to more than 2 billion per month in 2022.[<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The e-commerce platform is the 12th most visited website in the world.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto5-23">[21]</a> In February, 2024, Amazon announced its first chatbot was first “Rufus” in the US and in July, it was widely available to all customers in the US. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-53">[51]</a> “Rufus” is now available in the US, India and the UK which helps the shoppers get product recommendations, get shopping list advice, compare products and see what other customers have responded to their specific questions.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54">[52]</a> Results generated by Amazon's search engine are partly determined by promotional fees.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-New_Yorker-55">[53]</a> The company's <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internationalization and localization">localized</a> storefronts, which differ in selection and prices, are differentiated by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Top-level_domain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Top-level domain">top-level domain</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Country_code?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Country code">country code</a>: <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_Marketplaces_worldwide.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Amazon_Marketplaces_worldwide.svg/400px-Amazon_Marketplaces_worldwide.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="203" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 400px;height: 203px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Amazon_Marketplaces_worldwide.svg/400px-Amazon_Marketplaces_worldwide.svg.png" data-width="400" data-height="203" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Amazon_Marketplaces_worldwide.svg/600px-Amazon_Marketplaces_worldwide.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Amazon_Marketplaces_worldwide.svg/800px-Amazon_Marketplaces_worldwide.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Amazon Marketplaces worldwide <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style> <div class="legend">   Top-Level Domain </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   Served by neighboring Domain </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <div class="legend">   Confirmed launch, currently served by neighboring domain </div> </figcaption> </figure> <table class="wikitable floatright"> <caption> Sales by country (2023)<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-56">[54]</a> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Country</th> <th>share</th> </tr> <tr> <td>United States</td> <td>69.3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td>6.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>United Kingdom</td> <td>5.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Japan</td> <td>4.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Other</td> <td>13.6%</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="col">Region</th> <th scope="col">Country</th> <th scope="col"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Domain_name?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Domain name">Domain name</a></th> <th scope="col">Since</th> <th scope="col" style="width: 220px;">Languages</th> <th>Notes</th> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background: #F4E3FF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: right; font-weight: bolder;" scope="row" class="rh heading table-rh">Africa</th> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Egypt</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.eg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".eg">.eg</a></td> <td>September 2021</td> <td>Arabic, English</td> <td>Formerly known as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Souq.com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Souq.com">Souq.com</a> Egypt</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">South Africa</td> <td>amazon.co<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.za?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".za">.za</a></td> <td>May 2024</td> <td>English</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background: #F4E3FF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: right; font-weight: bolder;" scope="row" class="rh heading table-rh">Americas</th> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Brazil</td> <td>amazon.com<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.br?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".br">.br</a></td> <td>December 2012</td> <td>Portuguese</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Canada</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.ca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".ca">.ca</a></td> <td>June 2002</td> <td>English, French</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Mexico</td> <td>amazon.com<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.mx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".mx">.mx</a></td> <td>August 2013</td> <td>Spanish</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">United States</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".com">.com</a></td> <td>July 1995</td> <td>English, Spanish, Arabic, German, Hebrew, Korean, Portuguese, Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional)</td> <td>International customers without a localized Amazon website may purchase eBooks from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kindle_Store?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kindle Store">Kindle Store</a> on Amazon US.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-buy-ebooks-on-amazon-us-57">[55]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="7" style="background: #F4E3FF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: right; font-weight: bolder;" scope="row" class="rh heading table-rh">Asia</th> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">China</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.cn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".cn">.cn</a></td> <td>September 2004</td> <td>Chinese (Simplified)</td> <td>Formerly known as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joyo.com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Joyo.com">Joyo.com</a> CHN</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">India</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.in?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".in">.in</a></td> <td>June 2013</td> <td>English, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Bengali, Marathi</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Japan</td> <td>amazon.co<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.jp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".jp">.jp</a></td> <td>November 2000</td> <td>Japanese, English, Chinese (Simplified)</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Saudi Arabia</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.sa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".sa">.sa</a></td> <td>June 2020</td> <td>Arabic, English</td> <td>Formerly known as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Souq.com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Souq.com">Souq.com</a> KSA</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Singapore</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.sg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".sg">.sg</a></td> <td>July 2017</td> <td>English</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Turkey</td> <td>amazon.com<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.tr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".tr">.tr</a></td> <td>September 2018</td> <td>Turkish</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">United Arab Emirates</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.ae?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".ae">.ae</a></td> <td>May 2019</td> <td>Arabic, English</td> <td>Formerly known as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Souq.com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Souq.com">Souq.com</a> UAE</td> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="9" style="background: #F4E3FF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: right; font-weight: bolder;" scope="row" class="rh heading table-rh">Europe</th> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Belgium</td> <td>amazon.com<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.be?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".be">.be</a></td> <td>October 2022</td> <td>Dutch, French, English</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">France</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.fr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".fr">.fr</a></td> <td>August 2000</td> <td>French, English</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Germany</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.de?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".de">.de</a></td> <td>October 1998</td> <td>German, English, Czech, Dutch, Polish, Turkish</td> <td>Also serves Austria,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-58">[56]</a> Denmark<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-59">[57]</a> and Switzerland<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-60">[58]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Italy</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.it?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".it">.it</a></td> <td>November 2010</td> <td>Italian, English</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Netherlands</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.nl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".nl">.nl</a></td> <td>November 2014</td> <td>Dutch, English</td> <td>Initially only books & e-books, full shop opened March 2020<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-61">[59]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Poland</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.pl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".pl">.pl</a></td> <td>March 2021</td> <td>Polish</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Spain</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.es?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".es">.es</a></td> <td>September 2011</td> <td>Spanish, Portuguese</td> <td>Also serves Portugal<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-62">[60]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Sweden</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.se?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".se">.se</a></td> <td>October 2020</td> <td>Swedish, English</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">United Kingdom</td> <td>amazon.co<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.uk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".uk">.uk</a></td> <td>October 1998</td> <td>English</td> <td>Also serves Ireland<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-63">[61]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background: #F4E3FF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: right; font-weight: bolder;" scope="row" class="rh heading table-rh">Oceania</td> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Australia</td> <td>amazon.com<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.au?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".au">.au</a></td> <td>November 2017</td> <td>English</td> <td>Also serves New Zealand<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-64">[62]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="6">Confirmed launch</th> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background: #F4E3FF; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: right; font-weight: bolder;" scope="row" class="rh heading table-rh">Europe</th> <td style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Ireland</td> <td>amazon<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.ie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".ie">.ie</a></td> <td>2025<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-65">[63]</a></td> <td>English</td> <td>Currently served by amazon.co.uk</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Merchant_partnerships">Merchant partnerships</h4> </div> In 2000, US toy retailer <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toys_%22R%22_Us?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Toys "R" Us">Toys "R" Us</a> entered into a 10-year agreement with Amazon, valued at $50 million per year plus a cut of sales, under which Toys "R" Us would be the exclusive supplier of toys and baby products on the service, and the chain's website would redirect to Amazon's Toys & Games category. In 2004, Toys "R" Us sued Amazon, claiming that because of a perceived lack of variety in Toys "R" Us stock, Amazon had knowingly allowed third-party sellers to offer items on the service in categories that Toys "R" Us had been granted exclusivity. In 2006, a court ruled in favor of Toys "R" Us, giving it the right to unwind its agreement with Amazon and establish its independent e-commerce website. The company was later awarded $51 million in damages.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-66">[64]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-67">[65]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-68">[66]</a> In 2001, Amazon entered into a similar agreement with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Borders_Group?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Borders Group">Borders Group</a>, under which Amazon would comanage Borders.com as a co-branded service.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-69">[67]</a> Borders pulled out of the arrangement in 2007, with plans to also launch its own online store.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-70">[68]</a> On October 18, 2011, Amazon.com announced a partnership with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/DC_Comics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> for the exclusive digital rights to many popular comics, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Superman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Superman">Superman</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Batman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Batman">Batman</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Green_Lantern?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Green Lantern">Green Lantern</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Sandman_(Vertigo)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sandman (Vertigo)">The Sandman</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Watchmen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Watchmen">Watchmen</a>. The partnership has caused well-known bookstores like Barnes & Noble to remove these titles from their shelves.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-71">[69]</a> In November 2013, Amazon announced a partnership with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a> to begin delivering orders on Sundays. The service, included in Amazon's standard shipping rates, initiated in metropolitan areas of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Los_Angeles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York,_New_York?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="New York, New York">New York</a> because of the high-volume and inability to deliver in a timely way, with plans to expand into <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dallas,_Texas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas, Texas">Dallas</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Houston?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Houston">Houston</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Orleans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a> by 2014.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-72">[70]</a> In June 2017, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nike,_Inc.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nike, Inc.">Nike</a> agreed to sell products through Amazon in exchange for better policing of counterfeit goods.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-73">[71]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-CNBC-74">[72]</a> This proved unsuccessful and Nike withdrew from the partnership in November 2019.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-CNBC-74">[72]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-75">[73]</a> Companies including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/IKEA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="IKEA">IKEA</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Birkenstock?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Birkenstock">Birkenstock</a> also stopped selling through Amazon around the same time, citing similar frustrations over business practices and counterfeit goods.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-76">[74]</a> In September 2017, Amazon ventured with one of its sellers JV Appario Retail owned by Patni Group which has recorded a total income of US$ 104.44 million (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indian_rupee?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indian rupee">₹</a>759 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Crore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Crore">crore</a>) in financial year 2017–2018.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-77">[75]</a> As of October 11, 2017<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAmazon_(company)%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/AmazonFresh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="AmazonFresh">AmazonFresh</a> sold a range of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Booths_Supermarkets?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Booths Supermarkets">Booths</a> branded products for home delivery in selected areas.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-78">[76]</a> In November 2018, Amazon reached an agreement with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Apple_Inc.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a> to sell selected products through the service, via the company and selected Apple Authorized Resellers. As a result of this partnership, only Apple Authorized Resellers may sell Apple products on Amazon effective January 4, 2019.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-79">[77]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-80">[78]</a> On November 7, 2024 Amazon is reportedly discussing a second multi-billion dollar investment in AI startup Anthropic, following its initial $4 billion investment.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-81">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Private-label_products">Private-label products</h4> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_Amazon_brands?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of Amazon brands">List of Amazon brands</a> </div> Amazon sells many products under its <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Private_label?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Private label">own brand names</a>, including phone chargers, batteries, and diaper wipes. The AmazonBasics brand was introduced in 2009, and now features hundreds of product lines, including smartphone cases, computer mice, batteries, dumbbells, and dog crates. Amazon owned 34 private-label brands as of 2019. These brands account for 0.15% of Amazon's global sales, whereas the average for other large retailers is 18%.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-82">[80]</a> Other Amazon retail brands include Presto!, Mama Bear, and Amazon Essentials.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-83">[81]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_Basics_Stapler.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon Basics stapler"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon Basics stapler" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Amazon_Basics_Stapler.jpg/120px-Amazon_Basics_Stapler.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4030" data-file-height="2816"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 84px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Amazon_Basics_Stapler.jpg/120px-Amazon_Basics_Stapler.jpg" data-alt="Amazon Basics stapler" data-width="120" data-height="84" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Amazon_Basics_Stapler.jpg/180px-Amazon_Basics_Stapler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Amazon_Basics_Stapler.jpg/240px-Amazon_Basics_Stapler.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon Basics stapler </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_Basics_USB_cable.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon Basics USB cable"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon Basics USB cable" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Amazon_Basics_USB_cable.jpg/120px-Amazon_Basics_USB_cable.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2403" data-file-height="1739"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 87px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Amazon_Basics_USB_cable.jpg/120px-Amazon_Basics_USB_cable.jpg" data-alt="Amazon Basics USB cable" data-width="120" data-height="87" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Amazon_Basics_USB_cable.jpg/180px-Amazon_Basics_USB_cable.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Amazon_Basics_USB_cable.jpg/240px-Amazon_Basics_USB_cable.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon Basics USB cable </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Battery_(41237054591).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon Basics battery"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon Basics battery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Battery_%2841237054591%29.jpg/120px-Battery_%2841237054591%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="8247" data-file-height="5891"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 86px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Battery_%2841237054591%29.jpg/120px-Battery_%2841237054591%29.jpg" data-alt="Amazon Basics battery" data-width="120" data-height="86" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Battery_%2841237054591%29.jpg/180px-Battery_%2841237054591%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Battery_%2841237054591%29.jpg/240px-Battery_%2841237054591%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon Basics battery </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_Basics_Disinfecting_Wipes.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon Basics disinfecting wipes"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon Basics disinfecting wipes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Amazon_Basics_Disinfecting_Wipes.jpg/90px-Amazon_Basics_Disinfecting_Wipes.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Amazon_Basics_Disinfecting_Wipes.jpg/90px-Amazon_Basics_Disinfecting_Wipes.jpg" data-alt="Amazon Basics disinfecting wipes" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Amazon_Basics_Disinfecting_Wipes.jpg/135px-Amazon_Basics_Disinfecting_Wipes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Amazon_Basics_Disinfecting_Wipes.jpg/180px-Amazon_Basics_Disinfecting_Wipes.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon Basics disinfecting wipes </div></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Third-party_sellers">Third-party sellers</h4> </div> Amazon derives many of its sales (around 40% in 2008) from third-party sellers who sell products on Amazon.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-84">[82]</a> Some other large e-commerce sellers use Amazon to sell their products in addition to selling them through their websites. The sales are processed through Amazon.com and end up at individual sellers for processing and order fulfillment and Amazon leases space for these retailers. Small sellers of used and new goods go to Amazon Marketplace to offer goods at a fixed price.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-85">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Affiliate_program">Affiliate program</h4> </div> Publishers can sign up as affiliates and receive a commission for referring customers to Amazon by placing links to Amazon on their websites if the referral results in a sale. Worldwide, Amazon has "over 900,000 members" in its affiliate programs.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-86">[84]</a> In the middle of 2014, the Amazon Affiliate Program is used by 1.2% of all websites and it is the second most popular advertising network after <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Google_Ads?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Google Ads">Google Ads</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-87">[85]</a> It is frequently used by websites and non-profits to provide a way for supporters to earn them a commission.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-88">[86]</a> Associates can access the Amazon catalog directly on their websites by using the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a> (AWS) <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XML?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XML">XML</a> service. A new affiliate product, aStore, allows Associates to embed a subset of Amazon products within another website, or linked to another website. In June 2010, Amazon Seller Product Suggestions was launched to provide more transparency to sellers by recommending specific products to third-party sellers to sell on Amazon. Products suggested are based on customers' browsing history.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-89">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Product_reviews">Product reviews</h4> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Criticism_of_Amazon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Amazon_reviews" title="Criticism of Amazon">Criticism of Amazon § Amazon reviews</a> </div> Amazon allows users to submit reviews to the web page of each product. Reviewers must rate the product on a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rating_scale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rating scale">rating scale</a> from one to five stars. Amazon provides a badging option for reviewers which indicates the real name of the reviewer (based on confirmation of a credit card account) or which indicates that the reviewer is one of the top reviewers by popularity. As of December 16, 2020, Amazon removed the ability of sellers and customers to comment on product reviews and purged their websites of all posted product review comments. In an email to sellers Amazon gave its rationale for removing this feature: "... the comments feature on customer reviews was rarely used." The remaining review response options are to indicate whether the reader finds the review helpful or to report that it violates Amazon policies (abuse). If a review is given enough "helpful" hits, it appears on the front page of the product. In 2010, Amazon was reported as being the largest single source of Internet consumer reviews.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-90">[88]</a> When publishers asked Bezos why Amazon would publish negative reviews, he defended the practice by claiming that Amazon.com was "taking a different approach ... we want to make every book available—the good, the bad and the ugly ... to let truth loose".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-91">[89]</a> There have been cases of positive reviews being written and posted by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Public_relations?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Public relations">public relations</a> companies on behalf of their clients<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-92">[90]</a> and instances of writers using pseudonyms to leave negative reviews of their rivals' works. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Amazon_sales_rank">Amazon sales rank</h4> </div> The Amazon sales rank (ASR) indicates the popularity of a product sold on any Amazon locale. It is a relative indicator of popularity that is updated hourly. Effectively, it is a "best sellers list" for the millions of products stocked by Amazon.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-amazon-93">[91]</a> While the ASR has no direct effect on the sales of a product, it is used by Amazon to determine which products to include in its bestsellers lists.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-amazon-93">[91]</a> Products that appear in these lists enjoy additional exposure on the Amazon website and this may lead to an increase in sales. In particular, products that experience large jumps (up or down) in their sales ranks may be included within Amazon's lists of "movers and shakers"; such a listing provides additional exposure that might lead to an increase in sales.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-94">[92]</a> For competitive reasons, Amazon does not release actual sales figures to the public. However, Amazon has now begun to release <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Point_of_sale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Point of sale">point of sale</a> data via the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nielsen_BookScan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen BookScan">Nielsen BookScan</a> service to verified authors.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-95">[93]</a> While the ASR has been the source of much speculation by publishers, manufacturers, and marketers, Amazon itself does not release the details of its sales rank calculation algorithm. Some companies have analyzed Amazon sales data to generate sales estimates based on the ASR,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-96">[94]</a> though Amazon states: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style> <blockquote class="templatequote"> Please keep in mind that our sales rank figures are simply meant to be a guide of general interest for the customer and not definitive sales information for publishers—we assume you have this information regularly from your distribution sources <div class="templatequotecite"> — <cite>Amazon.com Help<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-97">[95]</a></cite> </div> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Physical_stores">Physical stores</h3> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_Fresh_Shop_Sevenoaks_(52626225962).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Amazon_Fresh_Shop_Sevenoaks_%2852626225962%29.jpg/220px-Amazon_Fresh_Shop_Sevenoaks_%2852626225962%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2268"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Amazon_Fresh_Shop_Sevenoaks_%2852626225962%29.jpg/220px-Amazon_Fresh_Shop_Sevenoaks_%2852626225962%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Amazon_Fresh_Shop_Sevenoaks_%2852626225962%29.jpg/330px-Amazon_Fresh_Shop_Sevenoaks_%2852626225962%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Amazon_Fresh_Shop_Sevenoaks_%2852626225962%29.jpg/440px-Amazon_Fresh_Shop_Sevenoaks_%2852626225962%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fresh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Fresh">Amazon Fresh</a> store in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sevenoaks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sevenoaks">Sevenoaks</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Kingdom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </figcaption> </figure> In November 2015, Amazon opened a physical <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Books?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Books">Amazon Books</a> store in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_Village,_Seattle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University Village, Seattle">University Village</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seattle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>. The store was 5,500 square feet and prices for all products matched those on its website.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-98">[96]</a> Amazon opened its tenth physical book store in 2017;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-99">[97]</a> media speculation at the time suggested that Amazon planned to eventually roll out 300 to 400 bookstores around the country.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-98">[96]</a> All of its locations were closed in 2022 along with other retail locations under the "Amazon 4-Star" brand.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-100">[98]</a> In July 2016, the company announced that it was opening a 1,100,000 ft (335,280.0 m) square foot facility in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palmer_Township,_Pennsylvania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palmer Township, Pennsylvania">Palmer Township</a> in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lehigh_Valley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lehigh Valley">Lehigh Valley</a> region of eastern <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pennsylvania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>. As of 2024, Amazon is Lehigh Valley region's third-largest employer.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-101">[99]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-102">[100]</a> In August 2019, Amazon applied to have a liquor store in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/San_Francisco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, as a means to ship beer and alcohol within the city.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-103">[101]</a> In 2020, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fresh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Fresh">Amazon Fresh</a> opened several physical stores in the U.S. and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Kingdom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-104">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Hardware_and_services">Hardware and services</h3> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Kindle_Fire_tablet_HD_8_Plus_-_2.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Kindle_Fire_tablet_HD_8_Plus_-_2.jpg/220px-Kindle_Fire_tablet_HD_8_Plus_-_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Kindle_Fire_tablet_HD_8_Plus_-_2.jpg/220px-Kindle_Fire_tablet_HD_8_Plus_-_2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Kindle_Fire_tablet_HD_8_Plus_-_2.jpg/330px-Kindle_Fire_tablet_HD_8_Plus_-_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Kindle_Fire_tablet_HD_8_Plus_-_2.jpg/440px-Kindle_Fire_tablet_HD_8_Plus_-_2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Fire">Amazon Fire</a> tablet </figcaption> </figure> Amazon has a number of products and services available, including its digital assistant <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Alexa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Alexa">Alexa</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Music?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Music">Amazon Music</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Prime Video">Prime Video</a> for music and videos respectively, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Appstore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Appstore">Amazon Appstore</a> for Android apps, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Kindle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle</a> line of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eink?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Eink">eink</a> e-readers, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Fire">Fire</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fire_HD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fire HD">Fire HD</a> color <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/LCD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="LCD">LCD</a> tablets. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Audible_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Audible (service)">Audible</a> provides audiobooks for purchase and listening. In September 2021, Amazon announced the launch of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Astro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Astro">Astro</a>, its first household robot, powered by its Alexa smart home technology. This can be remote-controlled when not at home, to check on pets, people, or home security. It will send owners a notification if it detects something unusual.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-105">[103]</a> In January 2023, Amazon announced the launch of RXPass, a prescription drug delivery service. It allows U.S. Amazon Prime members to pay a $5 monthly fee for access to 60 medications. The service was launched immediately after the announcement except in states with specific prescription delivery requirements. Beneficiaries of government healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid will not be able to sign up for RXPass.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-106">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Subsidiaries">Subsidiaries</h3> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Amazon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Amazon">List of mergers and acquisitions by Amazon</a> </div> Amazon owns over 100 subsidiaries, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Audible_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Audible (service)">Audible</a>, Diapers.com, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Goodreads?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/IMDb?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>, Kiva Systems (now <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Robotics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Robotics">Amazon Robotics</a>), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/One_Medical?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="One Medical">One Medical</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shopbop?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shopbop">Shopbop</a>, Teachstreet, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Twitch_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zappos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zappos">Zappos</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zoox_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zoox (company)">Zoox</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-107">[105]</a> Bezos separately owns <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Washington_Post?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> (through Nash Holdings, LLC), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Blue_Origin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Blue Origin">Blue Origin</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bezos_Expeditions?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bezos Expeditions">Bezos Expeditions</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altos_Labs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altos Labs">Altos Labs</a>, and other companies. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Amazon_Live">Amazon Live</h4> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"> <table class="infobox vcard"> <caption class="infobox-title fn org"> Amazon Inspire </caption> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_Live_logo.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Amazon_Live_logo.png/250px-Amazon_Live_logo.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="52" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="339" data-file-height="70"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 52px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Amazon_Live_logo.png/250px-Amazon_Live_logo.png" data-width="250" data-height="52" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Amazon_Live_logo.png 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> Type of site </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Online_video_platform?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Online video platform">Online video platform</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th> <td class="infobox-data label">98109, WA <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seattle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, Washington, <div style="display:inline;" class="country-name"> United States </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Inc.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Inc.">Amazon Inc.</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th> <td class="infobox-data category"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/E-commerce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="E-commerce">E-commerce</a></li> <li>Live streaming</li> </ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Holding_company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Holding company">Parent</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Inc.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Inc.">Amazon Inc.</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th> <td class="infobox-data">2019; 5 years ago (2019)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Amazon Live is an American video <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/E-commerce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="E-commerce">e-commerce</a> live-streaming service created by Amazon Inc. to compete with live-streaming services. The service allows users to stream live videos promoting or sponsoring products.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-AmazonLive-108">[106]</a> Users (mainly celebrities or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet_celebrity?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet celebrity">Internet influencers</a>) have the option to livestream on Amazon and add tags to additionally add context to the products they're selling or promoting. Other users can join in and type in messages to send to a global chat on the livestream.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-AmazonLive-108">[106]</a> In 2019 Amazon launched an integrated platform into the Amazon website and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mobile_app?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mobile app">application</a>. In 2023 roughly a billion total viewers watch Amazon Live across the United States and India. The platform has also been integrated into <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Freevee?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Freevee">Amazon Freevee</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Prime Video">Amazon Prime Video</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-109">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Amazon_Web_Services">Amazon Web Services</h4> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:AWS_-_Amazon_Web_Services_Office_in_Houston,_Texas_(46600198075).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/AWS_-_Amazon_Web_Services_Office_in_Houston%2C_Texas_%2846600198075%29.jpg/220px-AWS_-_Amazon_Web_Services_Office_in_Houston%2C_Texas_%2846600198075%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7513" data-file-height="5011"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/AWS_-_Amazon_Web_Services_Office_in_Houston%2C_Texas_%2846600198075%29.jpg/220px-AWS_-_Amazon_Web_Services_Office_in_Houston%2C_Texas_%2846600198075%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/AWS_-_Amazon_Web_Services_Office_in_Houston%2C_Texas_%2846600198075%29.jpg/330px-AWS_-_Amazon_Web_Services_Office_in_Houston%2C_Texas_%2846600198075%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/AWS_-_Amazon_Web_Services_Office_in_Houston%2C_Texas_%2846600198075%29.jpg/440px-AWS_-_Amazon_Web_Services_Office_in_Houston%2C_Texas_%2846600198075%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Houston,_Texas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Houston, Texas">HOU14</a> </figcaption> </figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a> </div> Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a subsidiary of Amazon that provides <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Software_as_a_service?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Software as a service">on-demand</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cloud_computing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cloud computing">cloud computing</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Computing_platform?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Computing platform">platforms</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Application_programming_interface?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">APIs</a> to individuals, companies, and governments, on a metered pay-as-you-go basis. These cloud computing <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Web_services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Web services">web services</a> provide <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Distributed_computing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Distributed computing">distributed computing</a> processing capacity and software tools via AWS <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Server_farms?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Server farms">server farms</a>. As of 2021 Q4, AWS has 33% market share for cloud infrastructure while the next two competitors <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Microsoft_Azure?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Google_Cloud_Platform?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Google Cloud Platform">Google Cloud</a> have 21%, and 10% respectively, according to Synergy Group.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-110">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Audible">Audible</h4> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Audible_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Audible (service)">Audible (service)</a> </div> Audible is a seller and producer of spoken audio entertainment, information, and educational programming on the Internet. Audible sells digital <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Audiobooks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Audiobooks">audiobooks</a>, radio and television programs, and audio versions of magazines and newspapers. Through its production arm, Audible Studios, Audible has also become the world's largest producer of downloadable audiobooks. On January 31, 2008, Amazon announced it would buy Audible for about $300 million. The deal closed in March 2008 and Audible became a subsidiary of Amazon.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-111">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Goodreads">Goodreads</h4> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Goodreads?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a> </div> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Goodreads?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a> is a "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Social_cataloging?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Social cataloging">social cataloging</a>" website founded in December 2006 and launched in January 2007 by Otis Chandler, a software engineer, and entrepreneur, and Elizabeth Khuri. The website allows individuals to freely search Goodreads' extensive user-populated database of books, annotations, and reviews. Users can sign up and register books to generate library catalogs and reading lists. They can also create their groups of book suggestions and discussions. In December 2007, the site had over 650,000 members, and over a million books had been added. Amazon bought the company in March 2013.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-112">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Ring">Ring</h4> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ring_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ring (company)">Ring (company)</a> </div> Ring is a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Home_automation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Home automation">home automation</a> company founded by Jamie Siminoff in 2013. It is primarily known for its WiFi powered <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Smart_doorbell?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Smart doorbell">smart doorbells</a>, but manufactures other devices such as security cameras. Amazon bought Ring for US$1 billion in 2018.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-113">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Twitch">Twitch</h4> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Twitch_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch (service)</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:E3_%E2%80%93_2014_(23113432796).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/E3_%E2%80%93_2014_%2823113432796%29.jpg/220px-E3_%E2%80%93_2014_%2823113432796%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/E3_%E2%80%93_2014_%2823113432796%29.jpg/220px-E3_%E2%80%93_2014_%2823113432796%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/E3_%E2%80%93_2014_%2823113432796%29.jpg/330px-E3_%E2%80%93_2014_%2823113432796%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/E3_%E2%80%93_2014_%2823113432796%29.jpg/440px-E3_%E2%80%93_2014_%2823113432796%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Twitch_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a> at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Electronic_Entertainment_Expo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic Entertainment Expo">Electronic Entertainment Expo</a> </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Twitch_(service)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a> is a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Live_streaming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Live streaming">live streaming</a> platform for video, primarily oriented towards video gaming content. Twitch was acquired by Amazon in August 2014 for $970 million.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-114">[112]</a> The site's rapid growth had been boosted primarily by the prominence of major <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esports?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Esports">esports</a> competitions on the service, leading <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/GameSpot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a> senior esports editor Rod Breslau to have described the service as "the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ESPN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ESPN">ESPN</a> of esports".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-115">[113]</a> As of 2015<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAmazon_(company)%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a>, the service had over 1.5 million broadcasters and 100 million monthly viewers.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-116">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Whole_Foods_Market">Whole Foods Market</h4> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Whole_Foods_Market_Cranbrook_Village_Ann_Arbor_Michigan.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Whole_Foods_Market_Cranbrook_Village_Ann_Arbor_Michigan.JPG/220px-Whole_Foods_Market_Cranbrook_Village_Ann_Arbor_Michigan.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Whole_Foods_Market_Cranbrook_Village_Ann_Arbor_Michigan.JPG/220px-Whole_Foods_Market_Cranbrook_Village_Ann_Arbor_Michigan.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Whole_Foods_Market_Cranbrook_Village_Ann_Arbor_Michigan.JPG/330px-Whole_Foods_Market_Cranbrook_Village_Ann_Arbor_Michigan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Whole_Foods_Market_Cranbrook_Village_Ann_Arbor_Michigan.JPG/440px-Whole_Foods_Market_Cranbrook_Village_Ann_Arbor_Michigan.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a> store in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor</a>, Michigan </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a> is an American <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Supermarket?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Supermarket">supermarket</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chain_store?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chain store">chain</a> exclusively featuring foods without artificial preservatives, colors, flavors, sweeteners, and hydrogenated fats.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-117">[115]</a> Amazon acquired Whole Foods for $13.7 billion in August 2017.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-118">[116]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-119">[117]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-wf-10">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Other">Other</h4> </div> Other Amazon subsidiaries include: <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A9.com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="A9.com">A9.com</a>, a company focused on researching and building innovative technology; it has been a subsidiary since 2003.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-120">[118]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Academy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Academy">Amazon Academy</a>, formerly JEE Ready, is an online learning platform for engineering students to prepare for competitive exams like the Joint Entrance Examination (JEE), launched by Amazon India on 13 January 2021</li> <li>Amazon Maritime, Inc. holds a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federal_Maritime_Commission?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Federal Maritime Commission">Federal Maritime Commission</a> license to operate as a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NVOCC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="NVOCC">non-vessel-owning common carrier</a> (NVOCC), which enables the company to manage its shipments from China into the United States.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-121">[119]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Pharmacy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Pharmacy">Amazon Pharmacy</a> is an online delivery service dedicated to prescription drugs, launched in November 2020. The service provides discounts up to 80% for generic drugs and up to 40% for branded drugs for Prime subscribe users. The products can be purchased on the company's website or at over 50,000 bricks-and-mortar pharmacies in the United States.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-122">[120]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annapurna_Labs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annapurna Labs">Annapurna Labs</a>, an Israel-based microelectronics company reputedly for US$350–370M acquired by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a> in January 2015 .<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-reut_Amaz-123">[121]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-extr_Amaz-124">[122]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-125">[123]</a></li> <li>Beijing Century Joyo Courier Services, which applied for a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Freight_forwarder?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Freight forwarder">freight forwarding</a> license with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federal_Maritime_Commission?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Federal Maritime Commission">US Maritime Commission</a>. Amazon is also building out its logistics in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trucking industry in the United States">trucking</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Air_freight?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Air freight">air freight</a> to potentially compete with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Parcel_Service?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Parcel Service">UPS</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/FedEx?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="FedEx">FedEx</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-126">[124]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-127">[125]</a></li> <li> Brilliance Audio, an audiobook publisher founded in 1984 by Michael Snodgrass in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grand_Haven,_Michigan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grand Haven, Michigan">Grand Haven</a>, Michigan.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-brilliance-128">[126]</a> The company produced its first eight audio titles in 1985.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-brilliance-128">[126]</a> The company was purchased by Amazon in 2007 for an undisclosed amount.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-129">[127]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-gigaom-130">[128]</a> At the time of the acquisition, Brilliance was producing 12–15 new titles a month.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-gigaom-130">[128]</a> It operates as an independent company within Amazon. In 1984, Brilliance Audio invented a technique for recording twice as much on the same cassette.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-blake-131">[129]</a> The technique involved recording on each of the two channels of each stereo track.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-blake-131">[129]</a> It has been credited with revolutionizing the burgeoning audiobook market in the mid-1980s since it made unabridged books affordable.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-blake-131">[129]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ComiXology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ComiXology">ComiXology</a>, a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cloud_computing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cloud computing">cloud</a>-based digital comics platform with over 200 million comic downloads as of September 2013<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAmazon_(company)%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a>. It offers a selection of more than 40,000 comic books and graphic novels across Android, iOS, Fire OS and Windows 8 devices and over a web browser. Amazon bought the company in April 2014.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-132">[130]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CreateSpace?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="CreateSpace">CreateSpace</a>, which offers self-publishing services for independent content creators, publishers, film studios, and music labels, became a subsidiary in 2009.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-133">[131]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-134">[132]</a></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style>Eero, an electronics company specializing in mesh-networking Wifi devices founded as a startup in 2014 by Nick Weaver, Amos Schallich, and Nate Hardison to simplify and innovate the smart home.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-135">[133]</a> Eero was acquired by Amazon in 2019 for US$97 million.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-136">[134]</a> Eero has continued to operate under its banner and advertises its commitment to privacy despite early concerns from the company's acquisition.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-137">[135]</a></li> <li>Health Navigator is a startup developing <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Application_programming_interface?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">APIs</a> for online health services acquired in October 2019. The startup will form part of Amazon Care, which is the company's employee healthcare service. This follows the 2018 purchase of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PillPack?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="PillPack">PillPack</a> for under $1 billion, which has also been included into Amazon Care.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-138">[136]</a></li> <li>Junglee, a former online shopping service provided by Amazon that enabled customers to search for products from online and offline retailers in India. Junglee started as a virtual database that was used to extract information from the Internet and deliver it to enterprise applications. As it progressed, Junglee started to use its database technology to create a single window marketplace on the Internet by making every item from every supplier available for purchase. Web shoppers could locate, compare and transact millions of products from across the Internet shopping mall through one window.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-139">[137]</a> Amazon acquired Junglee in 1998, and the website Junglee.com was launched in India in February 2012<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-140">[138]</a> as a comparison-shopping website. It curated and enabled searching for a diverse variety of products such as clothing, electronics, toys, jewelry, and video games, among others, across thousands of online and offline sellers. Millions of products are browsable, the client selects a price, and then they are directed to a seller. In November 2017, Amazon closed down Junglee.com and the former domain currently redirects to Amazon India.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-141">[139]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuiper_Systems?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuiper Systems">Kuiper Systems</a>, a subsidiary of Amazon, set up to deploy a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Broadband?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Broadband">broadband</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Satellite_internet_constellation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Satellite internet constellation">satellite internet constellation</a> with an announced 3,236 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Low Earth orbit">Low Earth orbit</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Satellite?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Satellite">satellites</a> to provide satellite based Internet connectivity.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-cnbc20190404-142">[140]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-sn20190404-143">[141]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ars20190708-144">[142]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Lab126?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Lab126">Lab126</a>, developers of integrated consumer electronics such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Kindle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle</a>, became a subsidiary in 2004.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-145">[143]</a></li> <li>Shelfari, a former <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Social_cataloging?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Social cataloging">social cataloging</a> website for books. Shelfari users built virtual bookshelves of the titles which they owned or had read and they could rate, review, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tag_(metadata)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tag (metadata)">tag</a> and discuss their books. Users could also create groups that other members could join, create discussions and talk about books, or other topics. Recommendations could be sent to friends on the site for what books to read. Amazon bought the company in August 2008.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-112">[110]</a> Shelfari continued to function as an independent book social network within the Amazon until January 2016, when Amazon announced that it would be merging Shelfari with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Goodreads?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a> and closing down Shelfari.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-146">[144]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-147">[145]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Souq_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Souq (company)">Souq</a>, the former largest <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/E-commerce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="E-commerce">e-commerce</a> platform in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arab_world?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arab world">Arab world</a>. The company launched in 2005 in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dubai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dubai">Dubai</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> and served multiple areas across the Middle East.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-148">[146]</a> On March 28, 2017, Amazon acquired Souq.com for $580 million.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-149">[147]</a> The company was re-branded as Amazon and its infrastructure was used to expand Amazon's online platform in the Middle East.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-150">[148]</a></li> </ul> Amazon also has investments in renewable energy, including plans to fund four modular nuclear reactors at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Washington_Xe-100_reactor_site?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Washington Xe-100 reactor site">Xe-100 reactor site</a> in Eastern Washington, and plans to expand its position into the Canadian market through an investment in a new plant in Alberta.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-151">[149]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_Amazon_locations?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of Amazon locations">List of Amazon locations</a> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Logistics">Logistics </h3> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_Logistics,_Borgstedt_(APC_0067).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Amazon_Logistics%2C_Borgstedt_%28APC_0067%29.jpg/220px-Amazon_Logistics%2C_Borgstedt_%28APC_0067%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2701" data-file-height="2026"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Amazon_Logistics%2C_Borgstedt_%28APC_0067%29.jpg/220px-Amazon_Logistics%2C_Borgstedt_%28APC_0067%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Amazon_Logistics%2C_Borgstedt_%28APC_0067%29.jpg/330px-Amazon_Logistics%2C_Borgstedt_%28APC_0067%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Amazon_Logistics%2C_Borgstedt_%28APC_0067%29.jpg/440px-Amazon_Logistics%2C_Borgstedt_%28APC_0067%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Amazon Transportation Services truck at an Amazon Logistics delivery station </figcaption> </figure> Amazon uses many different transportation services to deliver packages. Amazon-branded services include: <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Air?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Air">Amazon Air</a>, a cargo airline for bulk transport, with last-mile delivery handled either by Amazon Flex, Amazon Logistics, or the U.S. Postal Service.</li> </ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Larry_Hogan_tours_Amazon_warehouse_in_Maryland_(36490655883).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Larry_Hogan_tours_Amazon_warehouse_in_Maryland_%2836490655883%29.jpg/220px-Larry_Hogan_tours_Amazon_warehouse_in_Maryland_%2836490655883%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Larry_Hogan_tours_Amazon_warehouse_in_Maryland_%2836490655883%29.jpg/220px-Larry_Hogan_tours_Amazon_warehouse_in_Maryland_%2836490655883%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Larry_Hogan_tours_Amazon_warehouse_in_Maryland_%2836490655883%29.jpg/330px-Larry_Hogan_tours_Amazon_warehouse_in_Maryland_%2836490655883%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Larry_Hogan_tours_Amazon_warehouse_in_Maryland_%2836490655883%29.jpg/440px-Larry_Hogan_tours_Amazon_warehouse_in_Maryland_%2836490655883%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Robotics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Robotics">Amazon Robotics</a> fulfillment center robots moving picking shelves </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Flex?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Flex">Amazon Flex</a>, a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Smartphone_app?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Smartphone app">smartphone app</a> that enables individuals to act as independent contractors, delivering packages to customers from personal vehicles without uniforms. Deliveries include one or two hours <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prime_Now?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prime Now">Prime Now</a>, same or next day <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Fresh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Fresh">Amazon Fresh</a> groceries, and standard Amazon.com orders, in addition to orders from local stores that contract with Amazon.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-152">[150]</a></li> <li>Amazon Logistics, in which Amazon contracts with small businesses (which it calls "Delivery Service Partners") to perform deliveries to customers. Each business has a fleet of approximately 20–40 Amazon-branded vans, and employees of the contractors wear Amazon uniforms. As of December 2020, it operates in the United States, Canada, Italy, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-153">[151]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Air?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Prime Air">Amazon Prime Air</a> is an experimental drone delivery service that delivers packages via drones to Amazon Prime subscribers in select cities.</li> </ul> Amazon directly employs people to work at its warehouses, bulk distribution centers, staffed "<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Hub?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Hub">Amazon Hub</a> Locker+" locations, and delivery stations where drivers pick up packages. As of December 2020, it is not hiring delivery drivers as employees.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-154">[152]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Rakuten_Intelligence&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Rakuten Intelligence (page does not exist)">Rakuten Intelligence</a> estimated that in 2020 in the United States, the proportion of last-mile deliveries was 56% by Amazon's directly contracted services (mostly in urban areas), 30% by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/US_Postal_Service?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="US Postal Service">US Postal Service</a> (mostly in rural areas), and 14% by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Parcel_Service?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United Parcel Service">UPS</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-155">[153]</a> In April 2021, Amazon reported to investors it had increased its in-house delivery capacity by 50% in the last 12 months (which included the first year of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic in the United States</a>).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-156">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Supply_chain">Supply chain</h3> </div> Amazon first launched its distribution network in 1997 with two fulfillment centers in Seattle and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Castle,_Delaware?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New Castle, Delaware">New Castle</a>, Delaware. Amazon has several types of distribution facilities consisting of cross-dock centers, fulfillment centers, sortation centers, delivery stations, Prime now hubs, and Prime air hubs. There are 75 fulfillment centers and 25 sortation centers with over 125,000 employees.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-157">[155]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-158">[156]</a> Employees are responsible for five basic tasks: unpacking and inspecting incoming goods; placing goods in storage and recording their location; picking goods from their computer recorded locations to make up an individual shipment; sorting and packing orders; and shipping. A computer that records the location of goods and maps out routes for pickers plays a key role: employees carry hand-held computers which communicate with the central computer and monitor their rate of progress. Some warehouses are partially automated with systems built by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Robotics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Robotics">Amazon Robotics</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-159">[157]</a> In September 2006, Amazon launched a program called FBA (Fulfillment By Amazon) whereby it could handle storage, packing and distribution of products and services for small sellers.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-amazon-fulfill-press-35">[33]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 317.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 315.33333333333px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Lauwin-Planque_-_Lauwin-Park_(02).JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon.fr fulfillment center in Lauwin-Planque, France"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon.fr fulfillment center in Lauwin-Planque, France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Lauwin-Planque_-_Lauwin-Park_%2802%29.JPG/473px-Lauwin-Planque_-_Lauwin-Park_%2802%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="316" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="1390"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 316px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Lauwin-Planque_-_Lauwin-Park_%2802%29.JPG/473px-Lauwin-Planque_-_Lauwin-Park_%2802%29.JPG" data-alt="Amazon.fr fulfillment center in Lauwin-Planque, France" data-width="316" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Lauwin-Planque_-_Lauwin-Park_%2802%29.JPG/709px-Lauwin-Planque_-_Lauwin-Park_%2802%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Lauwin-Planque_-_Lauwin-Park_%2802%29.JPG/945px-Lauwin-Planque_-_Lauwin-Park_%2802%29.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon.fr fulfillment center in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lauwin-Planque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lauwin-Planque">Lauwin-Planque</a>, France </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 196px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 194px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_Espa%C3%B1a_por_dentro_(San_Fernando_de_Henares).JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon.es fulfillment center in San Fernando de Henares, Spain"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon.es fulfillment center in San Fernando de Henares, Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Amazon_Espa%C3%B1a_por_dentro_%28San_Fernando_de_Henares%29.JPG/291px-Amazon_Espa%C3%B1a_por_dentro_%28San_Fernando_de_Henares%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="194" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1266"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 194px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Amazon_Espa%C3%B1a_por_dentro_%28San_Fernando_de_Henares%29.JPG/291px-Amazon_Espa%C3%B1a_por_dentro_%28San_Fernando_de_Henares%29.JPG" data-alt="Amazon.es fulfillment center in San Fernando de Henares, Spain" data-width="194" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Amazon_Espa%C3%B1a_por_dentro_%28San_Fernando_de_Henares%29.JPG/437px-Amazon_Espa%C3%B1a_por_dentro_%28San_Fernando_de_Henares%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Amazon_Espa%C3%B1a_por_dentro_%28San_Fernando_de_Henares%29.JPG/583px-Amazon_Espa%C3%B1a_por_dentro_%28San_Fernando_de_Henares%29.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon.es fulfillment center in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/San_Fernando_de_Henares?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="San Fernando de Henares">San Fernando de Henares</a>, Spain </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 177.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175.33333333333px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_warehouse_Glenrothes.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon.co.uk fulfillment center in Glenrothes, Scotland, UK"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon.co.uk fulfillment center in Glenrothes, Scotland, UK" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Amazon_warehouse_Glenrothes.jpg/263px-Amazon_warehouse_Glenrothes.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="307"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 176px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Amazon_warehouse_Glenrothes.jpg/263px-Amazon_warehouse_Glenrothes.jpg" data-alt="Amazon.co.uk fulfillment center in Glenrothes, Scotland, UK" data-width="176" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Amazon_warehouse_Glenrothes.jpg/394px-Amazon_warehouse_Glenrothes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Amazon_warehouse_Glenrothes.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon.co.uk fulfillment center in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Glenrothes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Glenrothes">Glenrothes</a>, Scotland, UK </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 220px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 218px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon.de_1204_-_panoramio.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon.de fulfillment center in Graben, Germany"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon.de fulfillment center in Graben, Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Amazon.de_1204_-_panoramio.jpg/327px-Amazon.de_1204_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2884" data-file-height="1591"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 218px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Amazon.de_1204_-_panoramio.jpg/327px-Amazon.de_1204_-_panoramio.jpg" data-alt="Amazon.de fulfillment center in Graben, Germany" data-width="218" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Amazon.de_1204_-_panoramio.jpg/490px-Amazon.de_1204_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Amazon.de_1204_-_panoramio.jpg/653px-Amazon.de_1204_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon.de fulfillment center in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Graben,_Bavaria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Graben, Bavaria">Graben</a>, Germany </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:AmazonIchikawaFC_(78316917).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon.co.jp fulfillment center in Ichikawa, Japan"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon.co.jp fulfillment center in Ichikawa, Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AmazonIchikawaFC_%2878316917%29.jpg/240px-AmazonIchikawaFC_%2878316917%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AmazonIchikawaFC_%2878316917%29.jpg/240px-AmazonIchikawaFC_%2878316917%29.jpg" data-alt="Amazon.co.jp fulfillment center in Ichikawa, Japan" data-width="160" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AmazonIchikawaFC_%2878316917%29.jpg/360px-AmazonIchikawaFC_%2878316917%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AmazonIchikawaFC_%2878316917%29.jpg/480px-AmazonIchikawaFC_%2878316917%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon.co.jp fulfillment center in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ichikawa,_Chiba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ichikawa, Chiba">Ichikawa</a>, Japan </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Amazon_fulfillment_center,_Macon.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Amazon fulfillment center in Macon, Georgia, US"> <noscript> <img alt="Amazon fulfillment center in Macon, Georgia, US" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Amazon_fulfillment_center%2C_Macon.jpg/270px-Amazon_fulfillment_center%2C_Macon.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Amazon_fulfillment_center%2C_Macon.jpg/270px-Amazon_fulfillment_center%2C_Macon.jpg" data-alt="Amazon fulfillment center in Macon, Georgia, US" data-width="180" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Amazon_fulfillment_center%2C_Macon.jpg/405px-Amazon_fulfillment_center%2C_Macon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Amazon_fulfillment_center%2C_Macon.jpg/540px-Amazon_fulfillment_center%2C_Macon.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Amazon fulfillment center in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Macon,_Georgia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Macon, Georgia">Macon</a>, Georgia, US </div></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <h2 id="Corporate_affairs">Corporate affairs</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Board_of_directors">Board of directors</h3> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Jeff_Bezos_2016.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Jeff_Bezos_2016.jpg/170px-Jeff_Bezos_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="229" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="609" data-file-height="819"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 229px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Jeff_Bezos_2016.jpg/170px-Jeff_Bezos_2016.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="229" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Jeff_Bezos_2016.jpg/255px-Jeff_Bezos_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Jeff_Bezos_2016.jpg/340px-Jeff_Bezos_2016.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Amazon founder <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeff_Bezos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> in 2016 </figcaption> </figure> As of June 2022<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAmazon_(company)%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a>, Amazon's board of directors were:<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-160">[158]</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeff_Bezos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a>, executive chairman, Amazon.com, Inc.</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andy_Jassy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Andy Jassy">Andy Jassy</a>, president and CEO, Amazon.com, Inc.</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keith_B._Alexander?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keith B. Alexander">Keith B. Alexander</a>, CEO of IronNet Cybersecurity, former <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Director_of_the_National_Security_Agency?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Director of the National Security Agency">NSA director</a></li> <li>Edith W. Cooper, co-founder of Medley and former EVP of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Goldman_Sachs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Goldman Sachs">Goldman Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jamie_Gorelick?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jamie Gorelick">Jamie Gorelick</a>, partner, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wilmer_Cutler_Pickering_Hale_and_Dorr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr">Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daniel_P._Huttenlocher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel P. Huttenlocher">Daniel P. Huttenlocher</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dean_(education)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dean (education)">dean</a> of the Schwarzman College of Computing, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Judy_McGrath?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Judy McGrath">Judy McGrath</a>, former CEO, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MTV_Networks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="MTV Networks">MTV Networks</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indra_Nooyi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indra Nooyi">Indra Nooyi</a>, former CEO, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PepsiCo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="PepsiCo">PepsiCo</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jon_Rubinstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jon Rubinstein">Jon Rubinstein</a>, former chairman and CEO, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palm,_Inc.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palm, Inc.">Palm, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patty_Stonesifer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patty Stonesifer">Patty Stonesifer</a>, president and CEO, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Martha%27s_Table?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Martha's Table">Martha's Table</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wendell_P._Weeks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wendell P. Weeks">Wendell P. Weeks</a>, chairman, president and CEO, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Corning_Inc.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Corning Inc.">Corning Inc.</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Ownership">Ownership</h3> </div> The 10 largest shareholder of Amazon in early 2024 were:<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-56">[54]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Shareholder name</th> <th>Percentage</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeff_Bezos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a></td> <td>9.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Vanguard_Group?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Vanguard Group">The Vanguard Group</a></td> <td>7.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/BlackRock?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="BlackRock">BlackRock</a></td> <td>4.6%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/State_Street_Corporation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="State Street Corporation">State Street Corporation</a></td> <td>3.3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fidelity_Investments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fidelity Investments">Fidelity Investments</a></td> <td>3.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="MacKenzie Scott">MacKenzie Scott</a></td> <td>1.9%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T._Rowe_Price?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="T. Rowe Price">T. Rowe Price</a></td> <td>1.9%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geode_Capital_Management?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geode Capital Management">Geode Capital Management</a></td> <td>1.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/JP_Morgan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="JP Morgan">JP Morgan Investment Management</a></td> <td>1.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eaton_Vance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eaton Vance">Eaton Vance</a></td> <td>1.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Others</td> <td>63.8%</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Finances">Finances</h3> </div> <table class="wikitable floatright"> <caption> Sales by business (2023)<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-56">[54]</a> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Business</th> <th>share</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Online Stores</td> <td>40.3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Third-party Seller Services</td> <td>24.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Amazon Web Services</td> <td>15.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Advertising</td> <td>8.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Subscription Services</td> <td>7.0%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Physical Stores</td> <td>3.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Other</td> <td>0.9%</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Amazon.com is primarily a retail site with a sales revenue model; Amazon takes a small percentage of the sale price of each item that is sold through its website while also allowing companies to advertise their products by paying to be listed as featured products.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-161">[159]</a> As of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAmazon_(company)%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a>, Amazon.com is ranked eighth on the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fortune_500?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-162">[160]</a> In <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Forbes_Global_2000?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forbes Global 2000">Forbes Global 2000</a> 2023 Amazon ranked 36th.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-163">[161]</a> For the fiscal year 2021, Amazon reported earnings of US$33.36 billion, with an annual revenue of US$469.82 billion, an increase of 21.7% over the previous fiscal cycle. Since 2007 sales increased from 14.835 billion to 469.822 billion, due to continued business expansion.[<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Amazon's market capitalization went over US$1 trillion again in early February 2020 after the announcement of the fourth quarter 2019 results.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4Q_2020-164">[162]</a> <table class="wikitable float-left" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Revenue<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-165">[163]</a> in million US$</th> <th>Net income in million US$</th> <th>Total Assets in million US$</th> <th>Employees</th> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">1995<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto3-166">[164]</a></td> <td>0.5</td> <td>−0.3</td> <td>1.1</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">1996<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto3-166">[164]</a></td> <td>16</td> <td>−6</td> <td>8</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">1997<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto3-166">[164]</a></td> <td>148</td> <td>−28</td> <td>149</td> <td>614</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">1998<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto2-167">[165]</a></td> <td>610</td> <td>−124</td> <td>648</td> <td>2,100</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">1999<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto2-167">[165]</a></td> <td>1,639</td> <td>−720</td> <td>2,466</td> <td>7,600</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2000<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto2-167">[165]</a></td> <td>2,761</td> <td>−1,411</td> <td>2,135</td> <td>9,000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2001<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto2-167">[165]</a></td> <td>3,122</td> <td>−567</td> <td>1,638</td> <td>7,800</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2002<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto2-167">[165]</a></td> <td>3,932</td> <td>−149</td> <td>1,990</td> <td>7,500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2003<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto1-168">[166]</a></td> <td>5,263</td> <td>35</td> <td>2,162</td> <td>7,800</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2004<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto1-168">[166]</a></td> <td>6,921</td> <td>588</td> <td>3,248</td> <td>9,000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2005<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto1-168">[166]</a></td> <td>8,490</td> <td>359</td> <td>3,696</td> <td>12,000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2006<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto1-168">[166]</a></td> <td>10,711</td> <td>190</td> <td>4,363</td> <td>13,900</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2007<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto1-168">[166]</a></td> <td>14,835</td> <td>476</td> <td>6,485</td> <td>17,000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2008<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-169">[167]</a></td> <td>19,166</td> <td>645</td> <td>8,314</td> <td>20,700</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2009<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-170">[168]</a></td> <td>24,509</td> <td>902</td> <td>13,813</td> <td>24,300</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2010<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-171">[169]</a></td> <td>34,204</td> <td>1,152</td> <td>18,797</td> <td>33,700</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2011<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-172">[170]</a></td> <td>48,077</td> <td>631</td> <td>25,278</td> <td>56,200</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2012<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-173">[171]</a></td> <td>61,093</td> <td>−39</td> <td>32,555</td> <td>88,400</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2013<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-174">[172]</a></td> <td>74,452</td> <td>274</td> <td>40,159</td> <td>117,300</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2014<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-175">[173]</a></td> <td>88,988</td> <td>−241</td> <td>54,505</td> <td>154,100</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2015<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-176">[174]</a></td> <td>107,006</td> <td>596</td> <td>64,747</td> <td>230,800</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2016<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-177">[175]</a></td> <td>135,987</td> <td>2,371</td> <td>83,402</td> <td>341,400</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2017<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-178">[176]</a></td> <td>177,866</td> <td>3,033</td> <td>131,310</td> <td>566,000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2018<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-179">[177]</a></td> <td>232,887</td> <td>10,073</td> <td>162,648</td> <td>647,500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2019<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-180">[178]</a></td> <td>280,522</td> <td>11,588</td> <td>225,248</td> <td>798,000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2020<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-181">[179]</a></td> <td>386,064</td> <td>21,331</td> <td>321,195</td> <td>1,298,000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2021<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2022-10K-182">[180]</a></td> <td>469,822</td> <td>33,364</td> <td>420,549</td> <td>1,608,000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2022<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2022-10K-182">[180]</a></td> <td>513,983</td> <td>−2,722</td> <td>462,675</td> <td>1,541,000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2023<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10K-1">[1]</a></td> <td>574,785</td> <td>30,425</td> <td>527,854</td> <td>1,525,000</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Corporate_culture">Corporate culture</h3> </div> During his tenure, Jeff Bezos had become renowned for his annual shareholder letters, which have gained similar notability to those of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Warren_Buffett?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Warren Buffett">Warren Buffett</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:7-183">[181]</a> These annual letters gave an "invaluable window" into the famously "secretive" company, and revealed Bezos's perspectives and strategic focus.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:7-183">[181]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-184">[182]</a> A common theme of these letters is Bezos's desire to instill customer-centricity (in his words, "customer obsession") at all levels of Amazon, notably by making all senior executives field customer support queries for a short time at Amazon call centers. He also read many emails addressed by customers to his public email address.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-185">[183]</a> One of Bezos's most well-known internal memos was his mandate for "all teams" to "expose their data and functionality" through service interfaces "designed from the ground up to be externalizable". This process, commonly known as a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Service-oriented_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Service-oriented architecture">service-oriented architecture</a> (SOA), resulted in mandatory <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dogfooding?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dogfooding">dogfooding</a> of services that would later be commercialized as part of AWS.[<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Lobbying">Lobbying</h3> </div> Amazon lobbies the United States federal government and state governments on multiple issues such as the enforcement of sales taxes on online sales, transportation safety, privacy and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Information_privacy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Information privacy">data protection</a> and intellectual property. According to regulatory filings, Amazon.com focuses its lobbying on the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Congress?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federal_Reserve_System?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Reserve System">Federal Reserve</a>. Amazon.com spent roughly $3.5 million, $5 million and $9.5 million on lobbying, in 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-186">[184]</a> In 2019, it spent $16.8 million and had a team of 104 lobbyists.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-187">[185]</a> Amazon.com was a corporate member of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Legislative_Exchange_Council?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Legislative Exchange Council">American Legislative Exchange Council</a> (ALEC) until it dropped membership following protests at its shareholders' meeting on May 24, 2012.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-188">[186]</a> In 2014, Amazon expanded its lobbying practices as it prepared to lobby the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Administration?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Federal Aviation Administration">Federal Aviation Administration</a> to approve its drone delivery program, hiring the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akin_Gump_Strauss_Hauer_%26_Feld?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld">Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld</a> lobbying firm in June.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-189">[187]</a> Amazon and its lobbyists have visited with Federal Aviation Administration officials and aviation committees in Washington, D.C. to explain its plans to deliver packages.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-190">[188]</a> In September 2020 this moved one step closer with the granting of a critical certificate by the FAA.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-191">[189]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Criticism_of_Amazon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Criticism of Amazon">Criticism of Amazon</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Anti-Amazon_sticker.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Anti-Amazon_sticker.jpg/220px-Anti-Amazon_sticker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="795" data-file-height="528"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Anti-Amazon_sticker.jpg/220px-Anti-Amazon_sticker.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Anti-Amazon_sticker.jpg/330px-Anti-Amazon_sticker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Anti-Amazon_sticker.jpg/440px-Anti-Amazon_sticker.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> A sticker expressing an anti-Amazon message is pictured on the back of a street sign in Seattle. </figcaption> </figure> Amazon has attracted criticism for its actions, including: supplying law enforcement with facial recognition surveillance tools;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-192">[190]</a> forming cloud computing partnerships with the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CIA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-vanity-fair-193">[191]</a> leading customers away from bookshops;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-194">[192]</a> adversely impacting the environment;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cavaillez-195">[193]</a> placing a low priority on warehouse conditions for workers;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-196">[194]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-197">[195]</a> actively opposing unionization efforts;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-198">[196]</a> remotely deleting content purchased by Amazon Kindle users; taking public subsidies; seeking to patent its <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1-Click?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1-Click">1-Click</a> technology; engaging in anti-competitive actions and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Price_discrimination?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Price discrimination">price discrimination</a>;<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:6-199">[197]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-baum-200">[198]</a> and reclassifying <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/LGBT?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a> books as adult content.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-201">[199]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-202">[200]</a> Criticism has also concerned various decisions over whether to censor or publish content such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/WikiLeaks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="WikiLeaks">WikiLeaks</a> website, works containing <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Defamation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Defamation">libel</a>, anti-LGBT merchandise, and material facilitating <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dog_fighting?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dog fighting">dogfight</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cockfight?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cockfight">cockfight</a>, or <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pedophilia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pedophilia">pedophile</a> activities. An article published by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Time_Magazine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Magazine">Time</a> in the wake of social media website <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parler">Parler</a>'s termination of service by Amazon Web Service highlights the power companies like Amazon now have over the internet.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-203">[201]</a> In December 2011, Amazon faced a backlash from small businesses for running a one-day deal to promote its new Price Check app. Shoppers who used the app to check prices in a brick-and-mortar store were offered a 5% discount to purchase the same item from Amazon.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-204">[202]</a> Companies like <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupon">Groupon</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/EBay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="EBay">eBay</a> and Taap have countered Amazon's promotion by offering $10 off from their products.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-205">[203]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-206">[204]</a> The company has also faced accusations of putting undue pressure on suppliers to maintain and extend its profitability. One effort to squeeze the most vulnerable book publishers was known within the company as the Gazelle Project, after Bezos suggested, according to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brad_Stone_(journalist)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brad Stone (journalist)">Brad Stone</a>, "that Amazon should approach these small publishers the way a cheetah would pursue a sickly gazelle."<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-New_Yorker-55">[53]</a> In July 2014, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Federal Trade Commission">Federal Trade Commission</a> launched a lawsuit against the company alleging it was promoting in-app purchases to children, which were being transacted without parental consent.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-207">[205]</a> In 2019, Amazon banned selling <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Skin_whitening?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Skin whitening">skin-lightening</a> products after pushback from Minnesota health and environmental activists.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-208">[206]</a> In 2022, a lawsuit filed by state attorney-general <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Letitia_James?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Letitia James">Letitia James</a> was dismissed by the New York state court of appeals.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-209">[207]</a> After the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, Amazon faced criticism for complying, under pressure from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Presidency_of_Joe_Biden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Presidency of Joe Biden">Biden Administration</a>, to "reduce the visibility” of books critical of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="COVID-19 vaccine">COVID-19 vaccine</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-210">[208]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-211">[209]</a> which was revealed after Rep. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jim_Jordan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a> (acting on behalf of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">House Judiciary Committee</a>) subpoenaed emails between the company and the Biden Administration.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-212">[210]</a> Jane Friedman<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-janefriedman/books-213">[211]</a> discovered six listings of books fraudulently using her name, on Amazon and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Goodreads?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a>. Amazon and Goodreads resisted removing the fraudulent titles until the author's complaints went viral on social media, in a blog post titled "I Would Rather See My Books Get Pirated Than This (Or: Why Goodreads and Amazon Are Becoming Dumpster Fires)."<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-janefriedman/rather-my-books-pirated-214">[212]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-arstechnica/2023/08/ai-generated-counterfeit-books-amazon-215">[213]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-vice/v7b774-216">[214]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-washingtonpost/amazon-goodreads-217">[215]</a> In 2024, following years of criticism for providing law enforcement footage in the custody of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ring_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ring (company)">Ring</a> (a home security company owned by Amazon) without a warrant, Ring has halted this practice.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto4-218">[216]</a> It received cautious praise from privacy-focused organizations such as the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a> for this change.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-auto4-218">[216]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style> <ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/28px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="407"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 28px;height: 28px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/28px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png" data-alt="icon" data-width="28" data-height="28" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/42px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/56px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portal:Internet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portal:Internet">Internet portal</a></li> <li class="portalbox-entry"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 28px;height: 28px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="28" data-height="28" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portal:Companies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Breakthrough_Novel_Award?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Breakthrough Novel Award">Amazon Breakthrough Novel Award</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Pay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Pay">Amazon Pay</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number">Amazon Standard Identification Number</a> (ASIN)</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_Storywriter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazon Storywriter">Amazon Storywriter</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Camelcamelcamel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Camelcamelcamel">Camelcamelcamel</a> – a website that tracks the prices of products sold on Amazon.com</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/History_of_Amazon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="History of Amazon">History of Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carbon_tax?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Internal_price_on_carbon" title="Carbon tax">Internal carbon pricing</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_book_distributors?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of book distributors">List of book distributors</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Statistically_improbable_phrase?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Statistically improbable phrase">Statistically improbable phrases</a> – Amazon.com's phrase extraction technique for indexing books</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <h2 id="References">References</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">^</a> (parent company of Google)</li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">^</a> (parent company of Facebook)</li> </ol> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"> <div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10K-1">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10K_1-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10K_1-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10K_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000101872424000008/amzn-20231231.htm">"Amazon.com, Inc. 2023 Form 10-K Annual Report"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/US_Securities_and_Exchange_Commission?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="US Securities and Exchange Commission">US Securities and Exchange Commission</a>. February 2, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203001041/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000101872424000008/amzn-20231231.htm">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2024. Retrieved February 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amazon.com%2C+Inc.+2023+Form+10-K+Annual+Report&rft.pub=US+Securities+and+Exchange+Commission&rft.date=2024-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov%2FArchives%2Fedgar%2Fdata%2F1018724%2F000101872424000008%2Famzn-20231231.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20180223134214/https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/">"California Secretary of State Business Search"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_California?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Secretary of State of California">Secretary of State of California</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/">the original</a> on February 23, 2018. Retrieved October 26, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=California+Secretary+of+State+Business+Search&rft.pub=Secretary+of+State+of+California&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusinesssearch.sos.ca.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000110465922045572/tm223357-5_def14a.htm%23tBOOS">"Amazon.com, Inc. 2022 Proxy Statement"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/US_Securities_and_Exchange_Commission?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="US Securities and Exchange Commission">US Securities and Exchange Commission</a>. April 14, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708001850/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000110465922045572/tm223357-5_def14a.htm%23tBOOS">Archived</a> from the original on July 8, 2022. 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Retrieved September 27, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amazon.com+Launches+Web+Services%3B+Developers+Can+Now+Incorporate+Amazon.com+Content+and+Features+into+Their+Own+Web+Sites%3B+Extends+Welcome+Mat+for+Developers&rft.pub=Amazon.com+Press+Center&rft.date=2002-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpress.aboutamazon.com%2Fnews-releases%2Fnews-release-details%2Famazoncom-launches-web-services&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://press.aboutamazon.com/news-releases/news-release-details/amazoncom-web-services-announces-trio-milestones-new-tool-kit">"Amazon.com Web Services Announces Trio of Milestones - New Tool Kit, Enhanced Web Site and 25,000 Developers in the Program"</a> (Press release). 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Retrieved March 31, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Amazon+warehouse+workers+walk+out+in+rising+tide+of+COVID-19+protests&rft.date=2020-03-30&rft.aulast=Dzieza&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2020%2F3%2F30%2F21199942%2Famazon-warehouse-coronavirus-covid-new-york-protest-walkout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208045855/https://fox8.com/news/amazon-founder-jeff-bezos-will-step-down-as-ceo/">"Amazon founder Jeff Bezos will step down as CEO"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fox8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fox8">Fox8</a>. 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CNBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104005654/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/02/02/jeff-bezos-to-step-down-as-amazon-ceo-andy-jassy-to-take-over-in-q3.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2021. 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Retrieved March 22, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=newyorker.com&rft.atitle=Cheap+Words&rft.date=2014-02-17&rft.aulast=Packer&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Freporting%2F2014%2F02%2F17%2F140217fa_fact_packer%3FcurrentPage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-:2-56">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:2_56-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:2_56-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:2_56-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/AMAZON-COM-INC-12864605/company/">"Amazon.com, Inc.: Shareholders Board Members Managers and Company Profile | US0231351067 | MarketScreener"</a>. www.marketscreener.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801073911/https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/AMAZON-COM-INC-12864605/company/">Archived</a> from the original on August 1, 2023. Retrieved March 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.marketscreener.com&rft.atitle=Amazon.com%2C+Inc.%3A+Shareholders+Board+Members+Managers+and+Company+Profile+%7C+US0231351067+%7C+MarketScreener&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marketscreener.com%2Fquote%2Fstock%2FAMAZON-COM-INC-12864605%2Fcompany%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-buy-ebooks-on-amazon-us-57"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-buy-ebooks-on-amazon-us_57-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.amazon.ae/How-to-buy-Kindle-eBooks/b?ie%3DUTF8%26node%3D16043036031">"Amazon.ae: Kindle Store"</a>. www.amazon.ae. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204141045/https://www.amazon.ae/How-to-buy-Kindle-eBooks/b?ie%3DUTF8%26node%3D16043036031">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved November 30, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.amazon.ae&rft.atitle=Amazon.ae%3A+Kindle+Store&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.ae%2FHow-to-buy-Kindle-eBooks%2Fb%3Fie%3DUTF8%26node%3D16043036031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.aboutamazon.eu/news/job-creation-and-investment/amazons-impact-on-austrias-society-sustainable-development-and-economy">"Amazon's impact on Austria's society, sustainable development and economy"</a>. Amazon. 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Instead of only books, e-books and e-readers the e-commerce-gigant now sells numerous products.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ecommerce+News+Netherlands&rft.atitle=%28Dutch%29+Amazon.nl+officieel+van+start&rft.date=2020-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecommercenews.nl%2Famazon-nl-officieel-van-start&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.aboutamazon.eu/news/press-lounge/amazon-prime-now-available-to-customers-in-portugal">"Amazon Prime now available to customers in Portugal"</a>. aboutamazon.eu. 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Amazon.com.au. June 6, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722070202/https://amazonau.gcs-web.com/news-releases/news-release-details/customers-new-zealand-can-now-shop-millions-products-amazoncomau">Archived</a> from the original on July 22, 2023. 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Retrieved September 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amazon.com+Author+Central&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fauthorcentral.amazon.com%2Fgp%2Fhelp%3FtopicID%3D200580390&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.junglescout.com/estimator/">"Amazon Sales Estimator"</a>. Jungle Scout. May 15, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317113932/http://www.junglescout.com/estimator/">Archived</a> from the original on March 17, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amazon+Sales+Estimator&rft.pub=Jungle+Scout&rft.date=2017-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.junglescout.com%2Festimator%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId%3D14101911">"Frequently Asked Questions about Amazon.com"</a>. Amazon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130225095432/http://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId%3D14101911">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2013. Retrieved September 6, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amazon&rft.atitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions+about+Amazon.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fgp%2Fhelp%2Fcustomer%2Fdisplay.html%3FnodeId%3D14101911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-:1-98">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_98-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:1_98-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBensinger2016" class="citation news cs1">Bensinger, Greg (February 2, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wsj.com/articles/amazon-plans-hundreds-of-brick-and-mortar-bookstores-mall-ceo-says-1454449475">"Amazon Plans Hundreds of Brick-and-Mortar Bookstores, Mall CEO Says"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212191635/https://www.wsj.com/articles/amazon-plans-hundreds-of-brick-and-mortar-bookstores-mall-ceo-says-1454449475">Archived</a> from the original on February 12, 2019. 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Retrieved May 12, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Recode&rft.atitle=Amazon+just+confirmed+its+tenth+book+store%2C+signaling+this+is+way+more+than+an+experiment&rft.date=2017-03-08&rft.aulast=Rey&rft.aufirst=Jason+Del&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.recode.net%2F2017%2F3%2F8%2F14850324%2Famazon-books-store-bellevue-mall-expansion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenblatt2022" class="citation news cs1">Rosenblatt, Lauren (March 2, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.seattletimes.com/business/amazon/turning-the-page-on-a-bookstore-push-launched-in-seattle-amazon-ditches-dozens-of-brick-and-mortar-shops/">"Turning the page on a bookstore push launched in Seattle, Amazon ditches dozens of brick-and-mortar shops"</a>. 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Business Insider. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829182234/https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-liquor-license-storefront-san-francisco-2019-8">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2019. 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GeekWire. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217005435/https://www.geekwire.com/2020/amazon-opens-first-grocery-store-debuts-high-tech-shopping-cart-expands-retail-footprint/">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2021. 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Retrieved February 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=The+Global+2000+2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Flists%2Fglobal2000%2F%3Fsh%3D51d599675ac0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-4Q_2020-164"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4Q_2020_164-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStreitfeld2020" class="citation news cs1">Streitfeld, David (January 30, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/30/technology/amazon-earningts.html">"Amazon Powers Ahead With Robust Profit"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_York_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130220018/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/30/technology/amazon-earningts.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 30, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Amazon+Powers+Ahead+With+Robust+Profit&rft.date=2020-01-30&rft.aulast=Streitfeld&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F01%2F30%2Ftechnology%2Famazon-earningts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/amzn/revenue-eps">"Amazon.com, Inc. Common Stock (AMZN)"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nasdaq?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720164419/https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/amzn/revenue-eps">Archived</a> from the original on July 20, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nasdaq&rft.atitle=Amazon.com%2C+Inc.+Common+Stock+%28AMZN%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasdaq.com%2Fmarket-activity%2Fstocks%2Famzn%2Frevenue-eps&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-auto3-166">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto3_166-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto3_166-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto3_166-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://d18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net/CIK-0001018724/566f6509-4b15-4cd4-929a-1cba79f822b2.pdf">"1997 Annual Report"</a> (PDF). Amazon 1997 10K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://d18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net/CIK-0001018724/566f6509-4b15-4cd4-929a-1cba79f822b2.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amazon+1997+10K&rft.atitle=1997+Annual+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net%2FCIK-0001018724%2F566f6509-4b15-4cd4-929a-1cba79f822b2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-167">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto2_167-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto2_167-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto2_167-2">c</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto2_167-3">d</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto2_167-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://d18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net/CIK-0001018724/fae0d139-777f-489f-8e63-c97285413f9d.pdf">"2002 Amazon 10K"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://d18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net/CIK-0001018724/fae0d139-777f-489f-8e63-c97285413f9d.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2002+Amazon+10K&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net%2FCIK-0001018724%2Ffae0d139-777f-489f-8e63-c97285413f9d.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-168">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto1_168-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto1_168-1">b</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto1_168-2">c</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto1_168-3">d</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto1_168-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113172626/https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/56afc458-02b3-4938-9918-85d610d6f146">"2007 Annual Report"</a>. Ir.aboutamazon.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/56afc458-02b3-4938-9918-85d610d6f146">the original</a> on January 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ir.aboutamazon.com&rft.atitle=2007+Annual+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fir.aboutamazon.com%2Fstatic-files%2F56afc458-02b3-4938-9918-85d610d6f146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113172626/https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/e1846da7-9425-42d9-add7-84218d7ee5e7">"2008 Annual Report"</a>. Ir.aboutamazon.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/e1846da7-9425-42d9-add7-84218d7ee5e7">the original</a> on January 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ir.aboutamazon.com&rft.atitle=2008+Annual+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fir.aboutamazon.com%2Fstatic-files%2Fe1846da7-9425-42d9-add7-84218d7ee5e7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113172626/https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/f793debb-dc0a-4edf-a56d-9ff739d53b41">"2009 Annual Report"</a>. Ir.aboutamazon.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/f793debb-dc0a-4edf-a56d-9ff739d53b41">the original</a> on January 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ir.aboutamazon.com&rft.atitle=2009+Annual+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fir.aboutamazon.com%2Fstatic-files%2Ff793debb-dc0a-4edf-a56d-9ff739d53b41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111000053/https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/6f3c99ed-5094-4fed-a9ad-e18cdbf37478">"2010 Annual Report"</a>. Ir.aboutamazon.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/6f3c99ed-5094-4fed-a9ad-e18cdbf37478">the original</a> on November 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ir.aboutamazon.com&rft.atitle=2010+Annual+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fir.aboutamazon.com%2Fstatic-files%2F6f3c99ed-5094-4fed-a9ad-e18cdbf37478&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111000117/https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/02a49fbe-6860-4ed7-ade4-905bcf16a5e1">"2011 Annual Report"</a>. Ir.aboutamazon.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/02a49fbe-6860-4ed7-ade4-905bcf16a5e1">the original</a> on November 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ir.aboutamazon.com&rft.atitle=2011+Annual+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fir.aboutamazon.com%2Fstatic-files%2F02a49fbe-6860-4ed7-ade4-905bcf16a5e1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113172625/https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/28bfea7a-7b18-4ab0-ba03-581c6ccaa3a4">"2012 Annual Report"</a>. Ir.aboutamazon.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/28bfea7a-7b18-4ab0-ba03-581c6ccaa3a4">the original</a> on January 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ir.aboutamazon.com&rft.atitle=2012+Annual+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fir.aboutamazon.com%2Fstatic-files%2F28bfea7a-7b18-4ab0-ba03-581c6ccaa3a4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113172625/https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/1be0475a-fcab-4826-9258-17f11c208487">"2013 Annual Report"</a>. Ir.aboutamazon.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ir.aboutamazon.com/static-files/1be0475a-fcab-4826-9258-17f11c208487">the original</a> on January 13, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ir.aboutamazon.com&rft.atitle=2013+Annual+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fir.aboutamazon.com%2Fstatic-files%2F1be0475a-fcab-4826-9258-17f11c208487&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeate2015" class="citation news cs1">Neate, Rupert (January 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/jan/29/amazon-reports-89b-in-sales-2014">"Amazon reports $89bn in sales last year as shares jump 11% after hours"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Guardian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200816053349/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/jan/29/amazon-reports-89b-in-sales-2014">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Amazon+reports+%2489bn+in+sales+last+year+as+shares+jump+11%25+after+hours&rft.date=2015-01-29&rft.aulast=Neate&rft.aufirst=Rupert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2F2015%2Fjan%2F29%2Famazon-reports-89b-in-sales-2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoettgers2016" class="citation news cs1">Roettgers, Janko (January 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://variety.com/2016/biz/news/amazon-clocks-107-billion-in-revenue-in-2015-1201691106/">"Amazon Clocks $107 Billion In Revenue In 2015"</a>. Variety.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130110830/https://variety.com/2016/biz/news/amazon-clocks-107-billion-in-revenue-in-2015-1201691106/">Archived</a> from the original on November 30, 2020. 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Retrieved August 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jane+Friedman+.com&rft.atitle=Books+by+Jane+Friedman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjanefriedman.com%2Fbooks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-janefriedman/rather-my-books-pirated-214"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-janefriedman/rather-my-books-pirated_214-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman2023" class="citation web cs1">Friedman, Jane (August 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://janefriedman.com/i-would-rather-see-my-books-pirated/">"I Would Rather See My Books Get Pirated Than This (Or: Why Goodreads and Amazon Are Becoming Dumpster Fires)"</a>. Jane Friedman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230809003245/https://janefriedman.com/i-would-rather-see-my-books-pirated/">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jane+Friedman&rft.atitle=I+Would+Rather+See+My+Books+Get+Pirated+Than+This+%28Or%3A+Why+Goodreads+and+Amazon+Are+Becoming+Dumpster+Fires%29&rft.date=2023-08-07&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjanefriedman.com%2Fi-would-rather-see-my-books-pirated%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-arstechnica/2023/08/ai-generated-counterfeit-books-amazon-215"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-arstechnica/2023/08/ai-generated-counterfeit-books-amazon_215-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdwards2023" class="citation news cs1">Edwards, Benj (August 8, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/08/author-discovers-ai-generated-counterfeit-books-written-in-her-name-on-amazon/">"Author discovers AI-generated counterfeit books written in her name on Amazon"</a>. Ars Technica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808231428/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/08/author-discovers-ai-generated-counterfeit-books-written-in-her-name-on-amazon/">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Author+discovers+AI-generated+counterfeit+books+written+in+her+name+on+Amazon&rft.date=2023-08-08&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Benj&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Finformation-technology%2F2023%2F08%2Fauthor-discovers-ai-generated-counterfeit-books-written-in-her-name-on-amazon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-vice/v7b774-216"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-vice/v7b774_216-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoscoe2023" class="citation web cs1">Roscoe, Jules (June 28, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.vice.com/en/article/v7b774/ai-generated-books-of-nonsense-are-all-over-amazons-bestseller-lists">"AI-Generated Books of Nonsense Are All Over Amazon's Bestseller Lists"</a>. Vice. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808123916/https://www.vice.com/en/article/v7b774/ai-generated-books-of-nonsense-are-all-over-amazons-bestseller-lists">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vice&rft.atitle=AI-Generated+Books+of+Nonsense+Are+All+Over+Amazon%27s+Bestseller+Lists&rft.date=2023-06-28&rft.aulast=Roscoe&rft.aufirst=Jules&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fv7b774%2Fai-generated-books-of-nonsense-are-all-over-amazons-bestseller-lists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-washingtonpost/amazon-goodreads-217"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-washingtonpost/amazon-goodreads_217-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Donovan2023" class="citation news cs1">O'Donovan, Caroline (July 2, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/07/01/amazon-goodreads-elizabeth-gilbert/">"Goodreads was the future of book reviews. Then Amazon bought it"</a>. Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828145218/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/07/01/amazon-goodreads-elizabeth-gilbert/">Archived</a> from the original on August 28, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Goodreads+was+the+future+of+book+reviews.+Then+Amazon+bought+it.&rft.date=2023-07-02&rft.aulast=O%27Donovan&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Ftechnology%2F2023%2F07%2F01%2Famazon-goodreads-elizabeth-gilbert%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-auto4-218">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto4_218-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazon_(company)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-auto4_218-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127172246/https://www.npr.org/2024/01/25/1226942087/ring-will-no-longer-allow-police-to-request-users-doorbell-camera-footage">"Ring will no longer allow police to request users' doorbell camera footage : NPR"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NPR?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="NPR">NPR</a>. January 27, 2024. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.npr.org/2024/01/25/1226942087/ring-will-no-longer-allow-police-to-request-users-doorbell-camera-footage">the original</a> on January 27, 2024. Retrieved February 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=Ring+will+no+longer+allow+police+to+request+users%27+doorbell+camera+footage+%3A+NPR&rft.date=2024-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F01%2F25%2F1226942087%2Fring-will-no-longer-allow-police-to-request-users-doorbell-camera-footage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style> <div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrandt2011" class="citation book cs1">Brandt, Richard L. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130222035928/http://www.us.penguingroup.com/nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,9781591843757,00.html">One Click: Jeff Bezos and the Rise of Amazon.com</a>. New York: Portfolio Penguin. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59184-375-7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59184-375-7"><bdi>978-1-59184-375-7</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://us.penguingroup.com/nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,9781591843757,00.html">the original</a> on February 22, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+Click%3A+Jeff+Bezos+and+the+Rise+of+Amazon.com&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Portfolio+Penguin&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-59184-375-7&rft.aulast=Brandt&rft.aufirst=Richard+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fus.penguingroup.com%2Fnf%2FBook%2FBookDisplay%2F0%2C%2C9781591843757%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaisey2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mike_Daisey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mike Daisey">Daisey, Mike</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/21dogyearsdoingt00dais">21 Dog Years</a>. Free Press. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7432-2580-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/0-7432-2580-5"><bdi>0-7432-2580-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=21+Dog+Years&rft.pub=Free+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7432-2580-5&rft.aulast=Daisey&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F21dogyearsdoingt00dais&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman2004" class="citation book cs1">Friedman, Mara (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/amazoncomfordumm00frie">Amazon.com for Dummies</a>. Wiley Publishing. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7645-5840-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/0-7645-5840-4"><bdi>0-7645-5840-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amazon.com+for+Dummies&rft.pub=Wiley+Publishing&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7645-5840-4&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Mara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famazoncomfordumm00frie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcus2004" class="citation book cs1">Marcus, James (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/amazonia00marc">Amazonia: Five Years at the Epicenter of the Dot.Com Juggernaut</a>. W. W. Norton. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56584-870-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/1-56584-870-5"><bdi>1-56584-870-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amazonia%3A+Five+Years+at+the+Epicenter+of+the+Dot.Com+Juggernaut&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-56584-870-5&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famazonia00marc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpector2000" class="citation book cs1">Spector, Robert (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/amazoncomgetbigf00spec">Amazon.com – Get Big Fast: Inside the Revolutionary Business Model That Changed the World</a>. HarperCollins. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-662041-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-662041-4"><bdi>0-06-662041-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amazon.com+%E2%80%93+Get+Big+Fast%3A+Inside+the+Revolutionary+Business+Model+That+Changed+the+World&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-06-662041-4&rft.aulast=Spector&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famazoncomgetbigf00spec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brad_Stone_(journalist)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brad Stone (journalist)">Stone, Brad</a> (2013). <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Everything_Store:_Jeff_Bezos_and_the_Age_of_Amazon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The Everything Store: Jeff Bezos and the Age of Amazon">The Everything Store: Jeff Bezos and the Age of Amazon</a>. New York: Little Brown and Co. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-21926-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-21926-6"><bdi>978-0-316-21926-6</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/856249407">856249407</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Everything+Store%3A+Jeff+Bezos+and+the+Age+of+Amazon&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Little+Brown+and+Co.&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F856249407&rft.isbn=978-0-316-21926-6&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Brad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmazon+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://opencorporates.com/corporate_groupings/Amazon">Amazon (company) companies</a> grouped at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OpenCorporates?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="OpenCorporates">OpenCorporates</a></li> <li>Business data for Amazon.com, Inc.: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"> <div class="hlist inline"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/AMZN:US">Bloomberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/finance/quote/AMZN:NASDAQ">Google</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Amazon_(company)&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 22 November 2024, at 07:53 </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A3%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586_(%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B1%25D9%2583%25D8%25A9)" title="أمازون (شركة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أمازون (شركة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%258F%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25A8_(%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258B%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%2580)" title="এমাজন (কোম্পানী) – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="এমাজন (কোম্পানী)" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(%25C5%259Firk%25C9%2599t)" title="Amazon (şirkət) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Amazon (şirkət)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586_(%25D8%25B4%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1%25DA%25A9%25D8%25AA)" title="آمازون (شیرکت) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آمازون (شیرکت)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2585%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25A8_(%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258B%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25BF)" title="অ্যামাজন (কোম্পানি) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যামাজন (কোম্পানি)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(kong-si)" title="Amazon (kong-si) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Amazon (kong-si)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F)" title="Amazon (компания) – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Amazon (компания)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2585%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25A8_(%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580)" title="अमेजन (कंपनी) – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अमेजन (कंपनी)" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Амазон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Амазон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(kompanija)" title="Amazon (kompanija) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Amazon (kompanija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(embregerezh)" title="Amazon (embregerezh) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Amazon (embregerezh)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(empresa)" title="Amazon (empresa) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Amazon (empresa)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A3%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586_(%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B1%25D9%2583%25D8%25A9)" title="أمازون (شركة) – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أمازون (شركة)" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586_(%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B1%25DA%25A9%25D8%25AA)" title="آمازون (شرکت) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمازون (شرکت)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company) – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Amazon (company)" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(comhlacht)" title="Amazon (comhlacht) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Amazon (comhlacht)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%2595%2584%25EB%25A7%2588%25EC%25A1%25B4_(%25EA%25B8%25B0%25EC%2597%2585)" title="아마존 (기업) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아마존 (기업)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(kamfani)" title="Amazon (kamfani) – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Amazon (kamfani)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B1%25D5%25B4%25D5%25A1%25D5%25A6%25D5%25B8%25D5%25B6_(%25D5%25A8%25D5%25B6%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25A9%25D5%25B5%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25B6)" title="Ամազոն (ընկերություն) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամազոն (ընկերություն)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%258F%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BC%25E0%25A5%2589%25E0%25A4%25A8.%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%2589%25E0%25A4%25AE" title="एमाज़ॉन.कॉम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एमाज़ॉन.कॉम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company) – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Amazon (company)" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(perusahaan)" title="Amazon (perusahaan) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amazon (perusahaan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%259E%25D7%2596%25D7%2595%25D7%259F" title="אמזון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמזון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2585%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B3%2587%25E0%25B2%259C%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B3%258D_(%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B2%2582%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B2%25BF)" title="ಅಮೇಜಾನ್ (ಕಂಪನಿ) – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಮೇಜಾನ್ (ಕಂಪನಿ)" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586" title="امیزون – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="امیزون" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(kampuni)" title="Amazon (kampuni) – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Amazon (kampuni)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(kompan%25C3%25AE)" title="Amazon (kompanî) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Amazon (kompanî)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2586%25E0%25B4%25AE%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B5%25BA.%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B4%2582" title="ആമസോൺ.കോം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആമസോൺ.കോം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A5%25B2%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%259D%25E0%25A5%2589%25E0%25A4%25A8_(%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580)" title="ॲमेझॉन (कंपनी) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ॲमेझॉन (कंपनी)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586_(%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B1%25D9%2583%25D9%2587)" title="امازون (شركه) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="امازون (شركه)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(syarikat)" title="Amazon (syarikat) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Amazon (syarikat)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%2587%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%25B6_(%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25B9%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%258F%25E1%2580%25AE)" title="အမေဇုံ (ကုမ္ပဏီ) – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အမေဇုံ (ကုမ္ပဏီ)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2585%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25A8_(%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580)" title="अमेजन (कम्पनी) – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अमेजन (कम्पनी)" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%2586%25E0%25AC%25AE%25E0%25AC%25BE%25E0%25AC%259C%25E0%25AC%25A8%25E0%25AD%258D.%25E0%25AC%2595%25E0%25AC%25AE%25E0%25AD%258D%25E2%2580%258C" title="ଆମାଜନ୍.କମ୍‌ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆମାଜନ୍.କମ୍‌" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(shirkat)" title="Amazon (shirkat) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Amazon (shirkat)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2590%25E0%25A8%25AE%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25A8_(%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A9%25B0%25E0%25A8%25AA%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A9%2580)" title="ਐਮਾਜ਼ਾਨ (ਕੰਪਨੀ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐਮਾਜ਼ਾਨ (ਕੰਪਨੀ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586_(%25DA%25A9%25D9%2585%25D9%25BE%25D9%2586%25DB%258C)" title="ایمیزون (کمپنی) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایمیزون (کمپنی)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586" title="امازون – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="امازون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(ruruchikaq)" title="Amazon (ruruchikaq) – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Amazon (ruruchikaq)" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company) – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Amazon (company)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(kompani)" title="Amazon (kompani) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Amazon (kompani)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Amazon (company)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%258A%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586_(%25DA%25AA%25D9%2585%25D9%25BE%25D9%2586%25D9%258A)" title="ايميزون (ڪمپني) – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ايميزون (ڪمپني)" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25DB%2595%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25DB%2586%25D9%2586_(%25DA%25A9%25DB%2586%25D9%2585%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7)" title="ئەمازۆن (کۆمپانیا) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەمازۆن (کۆمپانیا)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D1%2583%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B5%25D1%259B%25D0%25B5)" title="Amazon (предузеће) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Amazon (предузеће)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(kompanija)" title="Amazon (kompanija) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Amazon (kompanija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.com" title="Amazon.com – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Amazon.com" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(f%25C3%25B6retag)" title="Amazon (företag) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Amazon (företag)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2585%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%2587%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25A9%25E0%25AF%258D.%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%258D" title="அமேசான்.காம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அமேசான்.காம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%25A2%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2582%2587%25E1%2581%25B8%25E1%2580%25B0%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2582%2587_(%25E1%2581%25B6%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2582%2587%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2581%25BC%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2582%2587)" title="ဢမေႇၸူင်ႇ (ၶွမ်ႇပၼီႇ) – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ဢမေႇၸူင်ႇ (ၶွမ်ႇပၼီႇ)" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%2585%25E0%25B0%25AE%25E0%25B1%2586%25E0%25B0%259C%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B1%258D_(%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B0%2582%25E0%25B0%25AA%25E0%25B1%2586%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B1%2580)" title="అమెజాన్ (కంపెనీ) – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అమెజాన్ (కంపెనీ)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B8%258B%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%2599_(%25E0%25B8%259A%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%25A9%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2597)" title="แอมะซอน (บริษัท) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอมะซอน (บริษัท)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(%25C5%259Firket)" title="Amazon (şirket) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amazon (şirket)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon" title="Amazon – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Amazon" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586_(%25DA%25A9%25D9%2585%25D9%25BE%25D9%2586%25DB%258C)" title="ایمیزون (کمپنی) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایمیزون (کمپنی)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2588%25D9%2586" title="ئامازون – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئامازون" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(c%25C3%25B4ng_ty)" title="Amazon (công ty) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Amazon (công ty)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25BA%259A%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E9%2580%258A%25E5%2585%25AC%25E5%258F%25B8" title="亚马逊公司 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亚马逊公司" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%259E%25D7%2590%25D7%2596%25D7%2590%25D7%259F_(%25D7%25A4%25D7%2599%25D7%25A8%25D7%259E%25D7%25A2)" title="אמאזאן (פירמע) – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אמאזאן (פירמע)" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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