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id="toc-1970s:_Establishment_with_the_Malaysian_Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s:_Establishment_with_the_Malaysian_Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>1970s: Establishment with the Malaysian Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s:_Establishment_with_the_Malaysian_Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_1980s:_Battling_oil_depletion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_1980s:_Battling_oil_depletion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Late 1980s: Battling oil depletion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_1980s:_Battling_oil_depletion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Since_1990s:_Global_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Since_1990s:_Global_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Since 1990s: Global expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Since_1990s:_Global_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-War_crimes_allegations_in_Sudan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_crimes_allegations_in_Sudan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>War crimes allegations in Sudan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_crimes_allegations_in_Sudan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022_seizure_of_Luxembourg_assets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022_seizure_of_Luxembourg_assets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>2022 seizure of Luxembourg assets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022_seizure_of_Luxembourg_assets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporate_affairs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_affairs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Corporate affairs</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Corporate_affairs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Corporate affairs subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Corporate_affairs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Production_sharing_contracts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production_sharing_contracts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Production sharing contracts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production_sharing_contracts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Finances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporate_identity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_identity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Corporate identity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corporate_identity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsidiaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsidiaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Subsidiaries</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Subsidiaries-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Subsidiaries subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Subsidiaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-PETRONAS_Dagangan_Berhad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PETRONAS_Dagangan_Berhad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>PETRONAS Dagangan Berhad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PETRONAS_Dagangan_Berhad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PETRONAS_Gas_Berhad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PETRONAS_Gas_Berhad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>PETRONAS Gas Berhad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PETRONAS_Gas_Berhad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MISC_Berhad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MISC_Berhad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>MISC Berhad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MISC_Berhad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-KLCC_Properties_Berhad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#KLCC_Properties_Berhad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>KLCC Properties Berhad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-KLCC_Properties_Berhad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PETRONAS_Chemicals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PETRONAS_Chemicals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>PETRONAS Chemicals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PETRONAS_Chemicals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaysian_Marine_and_Heavy_Engineering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaysian_Marine_and_Heavy_Engineering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Malaysian Marine and Heavy Engineering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaysian_Marine_and_Heavy_Engineering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Biorefinery_Joint_Venture_with_Eniive_SpA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Biorefinery_Joint_Venture_with_Eniive_SpA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>New Biorefinery Joint Venture with Eniive SpA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Biorefinery_Joint_Venture_with_Eniive_SpA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_principal_subsidiaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_principal_subsidiaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Other principal subsidiaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_principal_subsidiaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercial_automotive_and_motorcycle_partnerships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_automotive_and_motorcycle_partnerships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Commercial automotive and motorcycle partnerships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commercial_automotive_and_motorcycle_partnerships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motorsport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motorsport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Motorsport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Motorsport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Motorsport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Motorsport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Car_racing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Car_racing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Car racing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Car_racing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motorcycle_racing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motorcycle_racing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Motorcycle racing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motorcycle_racing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Automotive_manufacturers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Automotive_manufacturers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Automotive manufacturers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Automotive_manufacturers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Automotive manufacturers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Automotive_manufacturers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-WorldSBK_constructors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WorldSBK_constructors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>WorldSBK constructors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WorldSBK_constructors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-By_season_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_season_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>By season results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_season_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Petronas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 42 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="بتروناس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بتروناس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="پتروناس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پتروناس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Петронас – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Петронас" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="پتروناس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پتروناس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EB%82%98%EC%8A%A4" title="페트로나스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페트로나스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas_(azienda)" title="Petronas (azienda) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Petronas (azienda)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="पेट्रोनास – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पेट्रोनास" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas_(bedrijf)" title="Petronas (bedrijf) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Petronas (bedrijf)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%8A%E3%82%B9" title="ペトロナス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペトロナス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="பெட்ரோனாஸ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெட்ரோனாஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Petronas" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="پیٹروناس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پیٹروناس" data-language-autonym="اردو" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Malaysian state-owned oil and gas company</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Malaysian oil and gas company. For the ancient Greek physician, see <a href="/wiki/Petronas_(physician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Petronas (physician)">Petronas (physician)</a>. For the Byzantine nobleman and general, see <a href="/wiki/Petronas_(general)" title="Petronas (general)">Petronas (general)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with the Brazilian oil company <a href="/wiki/Petrobras" title="Petrobras">Petrobras</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 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Please discuss further on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Petronas" title="Talk:Petronas">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Petroliam Nasional Berhad</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PETRONAS_Logo_(2013).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/PETRONAS_Logo_%282013%29.png/150px-PETRONAS_Logo_%282013%29.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/PETRONAS_Logo_%282013%29.png/225px-PETRONAS_Logo_%282013%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/PETRONAS_Logo_%282013%29.png/300px-PETRONAS_Logo_%282013%29.png 2x" data-file-width="753" data-file-height="752" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Petronas_Panorama_II_(4to3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Petronas_Panorama_II_%284to3%29.jpg/250px-Petronas_Panorama_II_%284to3%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Petronas_Panorama_II_%284to3%29.jpg/330px-Petronas_Panorama_II_%284to3%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Petronas_Panorama_II_%284to3%29.jpg/500px-Petronas_Panorama_II_%284to3%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1215" data-file-height="1620" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Petronas headquarters in Tower 1 of the <a href="/wiki/Petronas_Twin_Towers" class="mw-redirect" title="Petronas Twin Towers">Petronas Twin Towers</a> (right) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">PETRONAS</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native name</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Petroliam Nasional Berhad</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">State-owned enterprise</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Oil_and_gas_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil and gas industry">Oil and gas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">17 August 1974<span class="noprint">; 50 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1974-08-17</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Malaysia" title="Government of Malaysia">Government of Malaysia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub" title="Abdul Rahman Ya'kub">Abdul Rahman Ya'kub</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Taib_Mahmud" title="Abdul Taib Mahmud">Abdul Taib Mahmud</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tengku_Razaleigh_Hamzah" title="Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah">Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">Tower 1, <a href="/wiki/Petronas_Towers" title="Petronas Towers">Petronas Towers</a>, 50088 <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>, Malaysia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Tengku Muhammad Taufik Tengku Aziz (<a href="/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">President</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Mohd Bakke Salleh (<a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chairman</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data">Petroleum, natural gas, <a href="/wiki/Petrochemical" title="Petrochemical">petrochemicals</a>, renewable sources, ready range of advanced products and adaptive solutions</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Services</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filling_station" title="Filling station">Filling station</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shipping" class="mw-redirect" title="Shipping">Shipping services</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$73.01 billion (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-Petronas_Annual_Report_FY_2016_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petronas_Annual_Report_FY_2016-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$30.08 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$17.15 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$164.40 billion (2023) <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$94.28 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Malaysia" title="Government of Malaysia">Government of Malaysia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">47,669 (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data">See <a href="#Subsidiaries">subsidiaries</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://petronas.com">petronas<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Petroliam Nasional Berhad</b>, commonly known as <b>PETRONAS</b> (stylised in <a href="/wiki/All_caps" title="All caps">all caps</a>), is a Malaysian <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">gas</a> company headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>. Established in 1974, it is a legal entity incorporated under the <a href="/wiki/Companies_Act_1965" title="Companies Act 1965">Malaysian Companies Act 1965</a> and reports to the company's Board of Directors. The corporation, with a presence in over 100 countries, is vested with all oil and gas resources in Malaysia and is entrusted with the responsibility of developing and adding value to these resources. In the annual <a href="/wiki/Fortune_Global_500" title="Fortune Global 500">Fortune Global 500</a> list for 2022, Petronas was ranked at 216th. It also ranked 48th globally in the 2020 <a href="/wiki/Bentley_Infrastructure_500" title="Bentley Infrastructure 500">Bentley Infrastructure 500</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i> has identified Petronas as one of the "<a href="/wiki/Seven_Sisters_(oil_companies)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven Sisters (oil companies)">new seven sisters</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-ft_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ft-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> considered to be influential and mainly state-owned national oil and gas companies from countries outside the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">OECD</a>. The company is engaged in a broad spectrum of petroleum activities, including <a href="/wiki/Upstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Upstream (petroleum industry)">upstream</a> <a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon_exploration" title="Hydrocarbon exploration">exploration</a> and production of oil and gas to <a href="/wiki/Downstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Downstream (petroleum industry)">downstream</a> <a href="/wiki/Oil_refining" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil refining">oil refining</a>; marketing and distribution of <a href="/wiki/Petroleum_product" title="Petroleum product">petroleum products</a>; trading; gas processing and <a href="/wiki/Liquefaction_of_gases" title="Liquefaction of gases">liquefaction</a>; gas transmission <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">pipeline</a> network operations; marketing of <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas" title="Liquefied natural gas">liquefied natural gas</a>; <a href="/wiki/Petrochemical" title="Petrochemical">petrochemical</a> manufacturing and marketing; shipping; <a href="/wiki/Automotive_engineering" title="Automotive engineering">automotive engineering</a>; and property investment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Petronas provides a substantial source of income for the Malaysian government, accounting for more than 15% of the government's revenue from 2015 to 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KL_-_Menara_Carigali,_KLCC.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/KL_-_Menara_Carigali%2C_KLCC.JPG/220px-KL_-_Menara_Carigali%2C_KLCC.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/KL_-_Menara_Carigali%2C_KLCC.JPG/330px-KL_-_Menara_Carigali%2C_KLCC.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/KL_-_Menara_Carigali%2C_KLCC.JPG/440px-KL_-_Menara_Carigali%2C_KLCC.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2520" data-file-height="3776" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Petronas_Tower_3" title="Petronas Tower 3">Petronas Tower 3</a>, Kuala Lumpur</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KotaKinabalu_Sabah_Petronas-Tower-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/KotaKinabalu_Sabah_Petronas-Tower-01.jpg/220px-KotaKinabalu_Sabah_Petronas-Tower-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/KotaKinabalu_Sabah_Petronas-Tower-01.jpg/330px-KotaKinabalu_Sabah_Petronas-Tower-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/KotaKinabalu_Sabah_Petronas-Tower-01.jpg/440px-KotaKinabalu_Sabah_Petronas-Tower-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3273" data-file-height="3537" /></a><figcaption>Petronas office building in <a href="/wiki/Kota_Kinabalu" title="Kota Kinabalu">Kota Kinabalu, Sabah</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Before the formation of Malaysia, Royal Dutch Shell (now <a href="/wiki/Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell plc</a>) first began the oil exploration in <a href="/wiki/Miri,_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Miri, Malaysia">Miri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a>; after <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brooke,_Rajah_of_Sarawak" title="Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak">Charles Brooke</a> signed the first Oil Mining Lease in 1909. In 1910, the first oil well was drilled in Miri. This oil well is later known as the Grand Old Lady.<sup id="cite_ref-AAPG_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAPG-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Geoexpro_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geoexpro-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1929, oil was discovered in <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>. There were no other drilling activities in <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> or <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">British Malaya</a> until 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fred_R_2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1966, the enactment of Petroleum Mining Act gave Exxon and Shell rights to explore oil territories and produce oil royalties and tax payments to the government.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 1960s, Esso and <a href="/wiki/ConocoPhillips" title="ConocoPhillips">Continental Oil</a> were given concessions to explore oil off the shores of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.<sup id="cite_ref-BPMB_2011_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BPMB_2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1974, Malaysia's output of crude oil stood at about 90,000 barrels per day (14,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d) to 99,000 barrels per day (15,700 m<sup>3</sup>/d).<sup id="cite_ref-BPMB_2011_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BPMB_2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s:_Establishment_with_the_Malaysian_Government">1970s: Establishment with the Malaysian Government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1970s: Establishment with the Malaysian Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several factors converged in the early 1970s to prompt the Malaysian government into setting up a state-owned oil and gas company. In 1972, the oil price per barrel was US$1.50, which later rose to US$2.28 per barrel. War in the middle east and oil embargo by Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (<a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a>) had caused the price per barrel to rise until US$12.00, thus giving more incentives for Malaysia to set up her own oil company. Several countries such as <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> have adopted the <a href="/wiki/Production_sharing_agreement" title="Production sharing agreement">production sharing agreement</a> instead of a concession system for oil revenue distribution. The Malaysian government also believed that foreign oil companies did not properly inform the government regarding the oil exploration activities in their own concessions (such as the new discovery of oil fields), thus resulted in a loss of revenue to the government. The formulation of <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_New_Economic_Policy" title="Malaysian New Economic Policy">Malaysian New Economic Policy</a> in the early 1970s encourages Malaysians to take control of various modern industries and to open more economic opportunities for <a href="/wiki/Bumiputera_(Malaysia)" title="Bumiputera (Malaysia)">bumiputera</a> (Malaysian natives).<sup id="cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fred_R_2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The former chief minister of Sarawak, <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub" title="Abdul Rahman Ya'kub">Abdul Rahman Ya'kub</a> was the first one who proposed the idea of Malaysia setting up an oil company in 1965,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when he was the federal lands and mines deputy minister.<sup id="cite_ref-Mokhtar_1981_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mokhtar_1981-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was due to the pressure of the Sarawak people who sought to clarify the exact boundaries of Sarawak territorial waters. In fact, since the formation of Malaysia in 1963, the issue of territorial waters of Sabah and Sarawak has not been fully addressed, thus leaving its interpretation wide open. The Sarawak government has declared that the territorial waters extend well beyond the three-mile limit defined by the Malaysian federal government. However, Abdul Rahman Ya'kub was reminded of <a href="/wiki/Tun_Abdul_Razak" class="mw-redirect" title="Tun Abdul Razak">Tun Abdul Razak</a>'s act of installing him as the chief minister of Sarawak. Therefore, Rahman decided to keep the conflict as low profile as possible. Rahman's nephew, <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Taib_Mahmud" title="Abdul Taib Mahmud">Abdul Taib Mahmud</a> assumed the role of federal deputy land and mines minister after Rahman became education minister and later, chief minister of Sarawak. Taib believed in the sharing of oil royalties between the state and the federal government. During the time, the oil mining activities in Sarawak were still under the exclusive control of Shell. Taib Mahmud initially suggested allowing independent contractors to market government oil. Taib found a Lebanese trader to purchase the Malaysian oil, however, the contractor defaulted on payments, resulting in US$4 million loss. A government hydrocarbon committee was later set up. Taib Mahmud visited Indonesia and had a discussion with <a href="/wiki/Pertamina" title="Pertamina">Pertamina</a> (Indonesian state-owned oil and gas company). Taib suggested that Malaysia scrap the concession system and replace it with a <a href="/wiki/Production_sharing_agreement" title="Production sharing agreement">production sharing agreement</a>. However, there were no laws that allowed Malaysia to take back the concessions without compensating foreign oil companies.<sup id="cite_ref-Ranjit_1986_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ranjit_1986-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this, Taib decided to set up a statutory body named "HIKMA" (Hidrokarbon Malaysia),<sup id="cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fred_R_2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which would have total rights of oil found in the territorial waters of Sabah and Sarawak. However, Rahman Ya'kub protested his nephew's decision and threatened to take the federal government to court if Sarawak were to be left out of this oil deal. <a href="/wiki/Tengku_Razaleigh_Hamzah" title="Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah">Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah</a> (chairman of <a href="/wiki/Perbadanan_Nasional_Berhad" class="mw-redirect" title="Perbadanan Nasional Berhad">Perbadanan Nasional Berhad</a> (Pernas)) visited Rahman at the latter's private residence in <a href="/wiki/Kuching" title="Kuching">Kuching</a>. Tengku Razaleigh suggested the formation of a company instead of a statutory body where the former would distribute profits equally between the federal and the state governments. Rahman agreed with the suggestion. Tengku Razaleigh drafted the Petroleum Development Act together with his associates in secret, as instructed by Tun Razak, and to be completed before the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_general_election,_1974" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian general election, 1974">1974 Malaysian general election</a>. Rahman Ya'kub then telephoned Tengku Razaleigh to ask about the terms offered by the Malaysian federal government. Tengku Razaleigh then told Rahman regarding abolishment of the concession system. Meanwhile, 5% oil royalty will be given to the respective oil-producing states. Rahman agreed with the deal.<sup id="cite_ref-Ranjit_1986_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ranjit_1986-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1974, the Petroleum Development Act was tabled and approved in parliament. Petronas was incorporated on 17 August 1974, and Tengku Razaleigh became its inaugural chairman. Initially, Exxon and Shell refused to surrender their concessions and refused to negotiate with Petronas. Petronas then served a notice to all foreign oil companies that after 1 April 1975, all the foreign oil companies would be operating illegally in Malaysian waters if they do not start negotiations with Petronas. After a few rounds of negotiations, foreign oil companies finally surrendered their concessions to Petronas. While all other oil-producing states in Malaysia signed the petroleum agreement, <a href="/wiki/Tun_Mustapha" class="mw-redirect" title="Tun Mustapha">Tun Mustapha</a>, the chief minister of <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a>, stubbornly refused to sign the oil agreement, complaining of the meagre 5% oil royalty. Mustapha requested for 10 to 20% oil royalty; otherwise, he would threaten to pull Sabah out of Malaysia. Tengku Razaleigh refused to bulge in. The Malaysian federal government then made another deal with Datuk <a href="/wiki/Harris_Salleh" title="Harris Salleh">Harris Salleh</a> (who was out of favour with Tun Mustapha) to establish <a href="/wiki/Sabah_People%27s_United_Front" title="Sabah People's United Front">Berjaya</a> party and oust Tun Mustapha. However, Harris was reluctant to become the Chief Minister of Sabah, and <a href="/wiki/Fuad_Stephens" title="Fuad Stephens">Fuad Stephens</a> was asked to assume to the post of chief minister if Berjaya were to come to power. Berjaya successfully ousted Tun Mustapha in the 1976 Sabah state election.<sup id="cite_ref-Ranjit_1986_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ranjit_1986-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One week after the <a href="/wiki/1976_Sabah_Air_GAF_Nomad_crash" title="1976 Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash">1976 air crash</a> which killed the chief minister <a href="/wiki/Fuad_Stephens" title="Fuad Stephens">Fuad Stephens</a> and other five state ministers, Harris signed the oil agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With Sabah entering the oil agreement, Petronas finally has total control of all oil and gas reserves in Malaysia. </p><p>Petronas first embarked on the oil exploration and production activities with the formation of Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd in 1978. In 1980, Petronas expanded its downstream businesses by setting up ASEAN <a href="/wiki/Bintulu" title="Bintulu">Bintulu</a> Fertiliser plant in <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1984, Petronas moved to <a href="/wiki/Dayabumi_Complex" title="Dayabumi Complex">Dayabumi</a> after occupying various buildings in Kuala Lumpur.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_1980s:_Battling_oil_depletion">Late 1980s: Battling oil depletion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Late 1980s: Battling oil depletion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Petronas" title="Special:EditPage/Petronas">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Oil exploration was by no means at an end and could yet produce more reserves. The Seligi field, which came onstream at the end of 1988 and was developed by Esso Production Malaysia, was one of the richest oilfields so far found in Malaysia waters, and further concessions to the majors would encourage exploration of the deeper waters around Malaysia, where unknown reserves could be discovered. Meanwhile, computerised seismography made it both feasible and commercially justifiable to re-explore fields which had been abandoned, or were assumed to be unproductive, over the past century. In 1990, Petronas invited foreign companies to re-explore parts of the sea off Sabah and Sarawak on the basis of new surveys using up-to-date techniques. </p><p>Another way to postpone depletion was to develop sources of oil, and of its substitute, natural gas, outside Malaysia. Late in 1989, the governments of <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> (Burma) invited Petronas Carigali to take part in joint ventures to explore for oil in their coastal waters. In 1990, a new unit, Petronas Carigali Overseas Sdn Bhd, was created to take up a 15% interest in a field in Myanmar's waters being explored by Idemitsu Myanmar Oil Exploration Co. Ltd., a subsidiary of the Japanese firm <a href="/wiki/Idemitsu_Kosan" title="Idemitsu Kosan">Idemitsu Oil Development Co. Ltd.</a>, in a production sharing arrangement with <a href="/wiki/Myanma_Oil_and_Gas_Enterprise" title="Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise">Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise</a>. Thus began Petronas' first oil exploration outside Malaysia. In May 1990, the governments of <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> settled a long-running dispute over their respective rights to an area of 7,300 square kilometres in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Thailand" title="Gulf of Thailand">Gulf of Thailand</a> by setting up a joint administrative authority for the area and encouraging a joint oil exploration project by Petronas, the <a href="/wiki/PTT_Public_Company_Limited" title="PTT Public Company Limited">Petroleum Authority of Thailand</a>, and the US company <a href="/wiki/Triton_Energy_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Triton Energy Limited">Triton Oil</a>. In a separate deal, in October 1990, the Petroleum Authority of Thailand arranged with Petronas to study the feasibility of transferring natural gas from this jointly administered area, through Malaysia to Thailand, by way of an extension of the pipelines laid for the third stage of the Peninsular Gas Utilisation Project. </p><p>That project was on course to becoming a major element in the postponement of oil depletion. Contracts for line pipes for the second stage of the project were signed in 1989 with two consortia of Malaysian, Japanese, and Brazilian companies. This stage, completed in 1991, included the laying of 730 kilometres of pipeline through to the tip of the Peninsula, from where gas could be sold to Singapore and <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>; the conversion of two power stations—<a href="/wiki/Port_Dickson" title="Port Dickson">Port Dickson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pasir_Gudang" title="Pasir Gudang">Pasir Gudang</a>—from oil to gas; and the expansion of Petronas' output of <a href="/wiki/Methyl_tert-butyl_ether" title="Methyl tert-butyl ether">methyl tert-butyl ether</a> (MTBE), <a href="/wiki/Propylene" title="Propylene">propylene</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Polypropylene" title="Polypropylene">polypropylene</a>, which were already being produced in joint ventures with <a href="/wiki/Idemitsu" class="mw-redirect" title="Idemitsu">Idemitsu</a> Petrochemical Co. of Japan and <a href="/wiki/Neste_Oy" class="mw-redirect" title="Neste Oy">Neste Oy</a> of Finland. The third and final stage of the project was to lay pipelines along the northwest and northeast coastlines of the Peninsula and was completed in 1997. </p><p>Another new venture in 1990 was in ship-owning, since Petronas' existing arrangements with <a href="/wiki/MISC_Berhad" title="MISC Berhad">MISC</a> and with Nigeria's state oil company would be inadequate to transport the additional exports of LNG due to start in 1994, under the contract with Saibu Gas. Petronas did not lose sight of the government's commitment to Malaysian self-reliance, and the company's second refinery at <a href="/wiki/Malacca" title="Malacca">Malacca</a>, completed in 1994, with a capacity of 100,000 barrels per day (16,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d), promoted the same policy. The fact that it was built in a joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a> of Korea, the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Petroleum_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Petroleum Corporation">Chinese Petroleum Corporation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Caltex" title="Caltex">Caltex</a> of the United States did not negate the policy, for the subsidiary company Petronas Penapisan (Melaka) had a decisive 45% of equity while sharing the enormous costs of and gaining advanced technology for the project. More to the point, a side effect of the refinery's completion was that Petronas was able to refine all of the crude oil it produced, instead of being partially dependent on refining facilities in Singapore. </p><p>Petronas, with its policies of promoting self-reliance, helping to develop associated industries, and varying the sources and uses of oil and gas, played an important role in the Malaysian economy as a whole. Under governments which—by current, if not historical, Western standards—were strongly interventionist, the contribution of oil taxes to the federal government's revenue hovered at around 12% to 16% until 1980, when it showed a marked increase to 23%, followed by another leap to 32% in 1981. From then until 1988 the proportion fluctuated between 29% and 36%. Petronas was not just another big oil company: it controlled a crucial sector of the economy and remained, for better or worse, an indispensable instrument of the state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Since_1990s:_Global_expansion">Since 1990s: Global expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Since 1990s: Global expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:E8664-Pattaya-Sukhumvit-Road.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/E8664-Pattaya-Sukhumvit-Road.jpg/250px-E8664-Pattaya-Sukhumvit-Road.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/E8664-Pattaya-Sukhumvit-Road.jpg/330px-E8664-Pattaya-Sukhumvit-Road.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/E8664-Pattaya-Sukhumvit-Road.jpg/500px-E8664-Pattaya-Sukhumvit-Road.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A Petronas station seen in <a href="/wiki/Pattaya" title="Pattaya">Pattaya</a>, Thailand</figcaption></figure> <p>During the mid- to late 1990s, international exploration, development, and production remained key components in Petronas' strategy along with diversification. A key discovery was made in the Ruby field in Vietnam in 1994. That year, the firm also saw its first overseas production from the <a href="/wiki/Dai_Hung_field" class="mw-redirect" title="Dai Hung field">Dai Hung field</a> in Vietnam and established its first retail station outside of Malaysia in <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1995, a subsidiary was created to import, store, and distribute <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas" title="Liquefied petroleum gas">liquefied petroleum gas</a> (LPG). In addition, the company's <a href="/wiki/Polyethylene" title="Polyethylene">polyethylene</a> plant in <a href="/wiki/Kerteh" title="Kerteh">Kerteh</a> began operations. Petronas marked a significant milestone during this time period—two of its subsidiaries, Petronas Dagangan Bhd and Petronas Gas Bhd, went public on the <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_Stock_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange">Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange</a>. Between 1993 and 1996, it purchased the former sub-Saharan branch of Mobil Oil, rebranded as <a href="/wiki/Engen_Petroleum" title="Engen Petroleum">Engen Petroleum</a>. </p><p>In 1996, Petronas entered the aromatics market by way of a joint venture that created Aromatics Malaysia Sdn Bhd. It also formed a contract with <a href="/wiki/China_National_Offshore_Oil_Corporation" title="China National Offshore Oil Corporation">China National Offshore Oil Corporation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron</a> Overseas Petroleum Ltd. to begin the exploration of block 02/31 of the Liaodong Bay area in China. While the Asian economy as a whole suffered from an economic crisis during 1997 and 1998, Malaysia was quick to bounce back due to successful government reforms. From its new headquarters in the <a href="/wiki/Petronas_Twin_Towers" class="mw-redirect" title="Petronas Twin Towers">Petronas Twin Towers</a>, the state-owned concern continued its development in the oil and gas industry. </p><p>During 1997, Petronas heightened its diversification efforts. The firm set plans in motion to build three petrochemical plants in <a href="/wiki/Kuantan" title="Kuantan">Kuantan</a> as well as an <a href="/wiki/Acetic_acid" title="Acetic acid">acetic</a> facility in <a href="/wiki/Kerteh" title="Kerteh">Kerteh</a>. Its first LPG joint venture in China was launched that year, and the company acquired a 29.3% interest in Malaysia International Shipping Corporation Berhad (MISC). In 1998, Petronas' tanker-related subsidiary merged with MISC, increasing Petronas' stake in MISC to 62%. That year, Petronas introduced the <a href="/wiki/Proton_E01_engine" title="Proton E01 engine">Petronas E01</a>, the country's first commercial prototype engine. The company also signed a total of five new production sharing contracts (PSCs) in 1998 and 1999, and began oil production in the <a href="/wiki/Sirri_Island" title="Sirri Island">Sirri</a> field in Iran. </p><p>Petronas entered the new century determined to expand its international efforts. The company forged deals for two new exploration plots in Pakistan and began construction on the Chad-Cameroon Integrated Oil Development and Pipeline Project. By 2002, Petronas had signed seven new PSCs and secured stakes in eight exploration blocks in eight countries, including <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a>, Egypt, <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, and Vietnam. The firm also made considerable progress in its petrochemicals strategy, opening new gas-based petrochemical facilities in Kerteh and Gebeng. </p><p>By 2003, Malaysia was set to usurp <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> as the world's second-largest producer of LNG with the completion of the Malaysia LNG Tiga Plant. Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamad" title="Mahathir Mohamad">Mahathir Mohamad</a> commented on the achievement in a May 2003 <a href="/wiki/Bernama" title="Bernama">Bernama</a> News Agency article, claiming that "the Petronas LNG complex now serves as another shining example of a vision realized of a national aspiration, transformed into reality by the same belief among Malaysians that 'we can do it.'" Indeed, Petronas had transformed itself into a global oil company over the previous decade, becoming a national symbol for success. The company realised, however, that it would have to continue its aggressive growth strategy to ensure its survival in the years to come. </p><p>The Petronas overseas expansion drive continues with the acquisition of Woodside Energy Ltd <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a> assets for $418 million in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The venture proved successful as they discovered oil in May 2008<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, Minister in the Prime Minister's Department, Datuk Mustapa Mohamed<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, stated that Petronas contributed RM 25 Billion to the country's treasury accounting for 25% of revenue collected via dividends and other revenues. Petronas continued to focus on international exploration projects as 40% of revenue in 2008 was derived from international projects such as <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a>. The company's international reserves stood at 6.24 billion barrels oil equivalent in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 9 April 2019, Petronas was praised for its role in the Sudanese oil and gas industry by Minister of Oil and Gas engineer Yagoub Adam Bashir Gamaa.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 October 2012, Petronas sources said it would renew a bid for gas producer, Progress Energy Resources after Canada blocked its bid earlier that month. The $6-billion bid was approved by Ottawa on 7 December 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 January 2013, Petronas issued a statement that an onshore oil and gas discovery has been made in the state after drilling a test well about 20 kilometres away from the city of Miri in northern <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a>. The well was found to have a net hydrocarbon thickness of 349 meters. It had flow rates of 440 barrels of crude oil per day and 11.5 million standard cubic feet of gas per day. The find is the first onshore oil discovery in <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> in 24 years. <sup id="cite_ref-discovery2013_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-discovery2013-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 2 May 2015, Petronas completed its acquisition of oil and gas assets in Azerbaijan from Norway's Statoil (now Equinor) for US$2.25 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Plagued by the <a href="/wiki/2010s_oil_glut" title="2010s oil glut">2010s oil glut</a>, Petronas reported on 26 February 2015 that it cut its 2015 capital expenditures budget after reporting a $2 billion fourth quarter loss, the company's first loss since it began reporting quarterly results five years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 April 2017, Petronas' PFLNG Satu, is the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (LNG) facility, has achieved a new milestone with the successful loading of its first cargo at the Kanowit gas field, offshore Bintulu, Sarawak.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 July 2017, Petronas cancelled a $36-billion <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas" title="Liquefied natural gas">liquefied natural gas</a> (LNG) project, the Pacific Northwest LNG, which was considered ambitious and a priority in the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian province">Canadian province</a> of <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>. Both the company and the province blamed poor global LNG market conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="War_crimes_allegations_in_Sudan">War crimes allegations in Sudan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: War crimes allegations in Sudan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2010, the European Coalition on Oil in Sudan (ECOS)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> published the report "Unpaid Debt",<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that called upon the governments of Sweden, Austria, and Malaysia to look into allegations that PETRONAS, Fida Aziz, <a href="/wiki/Lundin_Petroleum" class="mw-redirect" title="Lundin Petroleum">Lundin Petroleum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/OMV" title="OMV">OMV</a> may have been complicit in the commission of <a href="/wiki/War_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes">war crimes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> while operating in <a href="/wiki/Block_5A,_South_Sudan" title="Block 5A, South Sudan">Block 5A, South Sudan</a> (then <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>), during the period 1997–2003. The reported crimes include indiscriminate attacks and intentional targeting of civilians, burning of shelters, pillage, destruction of objects necessary for survival, unlawful killing of civilians, rape of women, abduction of children, torture, and forced displacement. When the consortium that PETRONAS took part in operated in Block 5A, approximately 12,000 people died, and 160,000 were violently displaced from their land and homes, many forever. Satellite pictures taken between 1994 and 2003 show that the activities of PETRONAS in Sudan coincided with a spectacular drop in agricultural land use in its concession area.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2010, the Swedish public prosecutor for international crimes opened a criminal investigation into links between Sweden and the reported crimes. In 2016, Lundin Petroleum's Chairman Ian Lundin and CEO Alex Schneiter were informed that they were the suspects of the investigation. Sweden's Government gave the green light for the Public Prosecutor in October 2018 to indict the two top executives<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 November 2018, and the Swedish Prosecution Authority notified Lundin Petroleum AB that the company might be liable to a corporate fine and forfeiture of economic benefits of SEK 3,285 million (app. €315 million) for involvement in war crimes and crimes against humanity.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consequently, the company itself will also be charged, albeit indirectly, and will be legally represented in court. On 15 November 2018, the suspects were served with the draft charges and the case files.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They will be indicted for aiding and abetting <a href="/wiki/Transnational_crime" title="Transnational crime">international crimes</a> and may face life imprisonment if found guilty.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The trial is likely to begin early in 2022 and may take two years. </p><p>The Swedish war crimes investigation raises the issue of access to remedy and reparation for victims of human rights violations linked with business activities. In May 2016, representatives of communities in Block 5A claimed their right to remedy and reparation and called upon PETRONAS and its shareholders to pay off their debt to them.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A conviction in Sweden may provide some level of remedy and reparation for the few victims of human rights violations who will testify in court, but not for the other 200,000 victims who will not be represented in court. The Swedish court cannot impose obligations upon PETRONAS. </p><p>On 23 May 2019, the T.M.C. Asser Institute for International Law in The Hague organised the conference 'Towards criminal liability of corporations for human rights violations: The Lundin case in Sweden'.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The international standard for business and human rights, the UNGP, underlines the duty of business enterprises to contribute to effective remedy of the adverse impact that it has caused or contributed to.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company has never publicly showed an interest in the adverse effects of its activities on the communities in its concession area. According to the Dutch peace organisation PAX, PETRONAS, Lundin Petroleum, OMV, as well as their shareholders are disregarding the human rights standards that they claim to respect, because they, <i>A</i>. never conducted appropriate due diligence for their Sudanese operations; <i>B</i>. made no effort to know their human rights impacts; and <i>C</i>. do not show how they address alleged adverse human rights impacts.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PETRONAS Carigali Overseas Sdn Bhd, a wholly owned subsidiary of PETRONAS Group of Companies, held a 28.5% share in the consortium that acquired the right to explore and develop oil deposits in Block 5A. In 2003, Lundin Petroleum and OMV sold their interest following a public outcry about the role of the consortium in Sudan's <a href="/wiki/Oil_war" title="Oil war">oil war</a>. PETRONAS picked up Lundin's 40.375% working interest for a cash payment of US$142.5 million.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the operator of the consortium, Lundin Petroleum was responsible for day-to-day management. Still, it stood under the supervision of the Operating Committee, that exercised "overall direction and control of all matters pertaining to the Joint Operations and the Joint Property". PETRONAS was permanently represented in the Operating Committee and has never publicly distanced itself from any of its decisions.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PETRONAS has never publicly responded to the allegations of negative impacts in Sudan or discussed the issue with local communities. The company is not known to have taken adequate measures to prevent involvement in human rights violations during the oil war or to undo the adverse impacts of its consortium's operations. </p><p>PETRONAS was a loyal participant in the consortium that operated in Block 5A and had a substantial say in the way it operated. Therefore, the suspicions against the consortium's top managers also concern PETRONAS. The company is wholly owned by the Malaysian State. According to the UN Guiding Principles, abuse of human rights by a business enterprise that is wholly or partially controlled by a State, may entail a violation of that State's own international law obligations.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early October 2021, the <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty_Council_of_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovereignty Council of Sudan">Sudanese transitional government</a> made moves to confiscate PETRONAS' assets, alleging that they had been acquired through illegal means under the rule of ousted <a href="/wiki/President_of_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Sudan">Sudanese President</a> <a href="/wiki/Omar_al-Bashir" title="Omar al-Bashir">Omar al-Bashir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 11 October, the Sudanese transitional government issued an arrest warrant for PETRONAS's country manager.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, the Malaysian Government summoned the Sudanese charge d'affaires and urged the Sudanese government to honour the Bilateral Investment Promotion and Protection Treaty and to respect the sanctity of the Malaysian Embassy, which was housed in the same complex as the PETRONAS Sudan Complex in <a href="/wiki/Khartoum" title="Khartoum">Khartoum</a>. PETRONAS has also sought to cancel the manager's arrest warrant and submitted a request for arbitration at the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>'s <a href="/wiki/International_Centre_for_Settlement_of_Investment_Disputes" title="International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes">International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes</a> (ICSID).<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Monitor" title="Middle East Monitor">Middle East Monitor</a> contributor Nasim Ahmed opined that the Sudanese government's actions against Malaysian, Turkish, Qatari and Chinese companies were part of a foreign policy shift to court Western investors.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former federal counsel and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Technology_Malaysia" title="University of Technology Malaysia">University of Technology Malaysia</a> visiting professor Salleh Buang opined that the Sudanese government's actions violated international law on the undue expropriation of commercial assets without adequate compensation, citing the 1927 <a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w_Factory_case" title="Chorzów Factory case">Chorzów Factory case</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022_seizure_of_Luxembourg_assets">2022 seizure of Luxembourg assets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2022 seizure of Luxembourg assets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_dispute#Seizure_of_Malaysian_foreign_assets" title="North Borneo dispute">North Borneo dispute § Seizure of Malaysian foreign assets</a></div> <p>In February 2022, a French arbitration court known as the <i><a href="/wiki/Tribunal_de_grande_instance_de_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribunal de grande instance de Paris">Tribunal de grande instance de Paris</a></i> ordered the Malaysian Government to pay at least US$14.9 billion (RM 62.59 billion) to the descendants of the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sultanate of Sulu</a>, who have laid claim to the Malaysian state of <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a>. To enforce the award, the claimants filed a <i>saisie-arret</i> (seize order) on 11 July 2022 for Luxembourg authorities to seize two Luxembourg-based subsidiaries of PETRONAS: PETRONAS Azerbaijan (Shah Deniz) and PETRONAS South Caucasus units. The descendants' territorial claim to Sabah dated back to an 1878 agreement between Baron <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Overbeck" title="Gustav Overbeck">Gustav Overbeck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Dent" title="Alfred Dent">Alfred Dent</a> of the <a href="/wiki/British_North_Borneo_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British North Borneo Company">British North Borneo Company</a> and the-then Sultan of Sulu Jamal Al Alam of Sulu. While the British and Malaysian Governments claimed that the Sultan had permanently ceded North Borneo, the descendants of the Sultan and the Philippines Government have contended that the Sultan had merely leased the territory. Until 2013, the Malaysian Government had paid eight claimants to the Sultanate of Sulu an annual rent of RM5,300. Following the <a href="/wiki/2013_Lahad_Datu_standoff" title="2013 Lahad Datu standoff">2013 Lahad Datu standoff</a>, the Malaysian Government had terminated the annual stipends; prompting these descendants to pursue legal action.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Indian_Express_explainer_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indian_Express_explainer-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Al_Jazeera_13_July_2022_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Al_Jazeera_13_July_2022-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 July, the Malaysian Government obtained a stay on the French court's ruling, with <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob" title="Ismail Sabri Yaakob">Ismail Sabri Yaakob</a> stating that the ruling undermined Malaysian sovereignty. In addition, PETRONAS described the seize order as "baseless" and stated it would contest the enforcement actions. It also stated that the two affected subsidiaries had already divested their assets in Azerbaijan and repatriated all their proceeds.<sup id="cite_ref-Al_Jazeera_13_July_2022_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Al_Jazeera_13_July_2022-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 18 July, Malaysian opposition politicians unsuccessfully demanded a debate on the seizure order against PETRONAS' assets in the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Parliament">Malaysian Parliament</a> but were blocked by the Speaker of the House on procedural grounds. <a href="/wiki/Minister_in_the_Prime_Minister%27s_Department" title="Minister in the Prime Minister's Department">Law Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Wan_Junaidi_Tuanku_Jaafar" title="Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar">Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar</a> stated that the stay would prevent the final award from being enforced in any county until a final decision by the French court regarding the Malaysian government's application that the February court ruling be cancelled. By contrast, lawyers representing the Sultanate of Sulu claimants contended that the stay on the award was only valid in France and remained enforceable in other international jurisdictions, citing a United Nations treaty on international arbitration.<sup id="cite_ref-Indian_Express_explainer_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indian_Express_explainer-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2022, the heirs asked the Hague Court of Appeal to recognise and enforce the award in the Netherlands, and allow them to seize Malaysian assets to this end.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They attempted to do the same in France and Luxembourg.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2023, a Luxembourg court reportedly set aside the heirs' request to enforce the $15 billion arbitration award.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, shortly after, a Luxembourg district court issued new orders to seize holdings and assets belonging to Petronas in mid-February.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Petronas has two holding companies in Luxembourg called Petronas Azerbaijan and Petronas South Caucasus which are related to the state-owned oil company's activities around the Caspian sea.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Petronas confirmed the new seizure order for the two units and their parent company, but reiterated the heirs' actions were baseless and that the company will continue to defend its legal position.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 14 March, the Paris Court of Appeal ruled that Sulu claimants' challenge to a stay order filed by Malaysia last year was "inadmissible".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The court handed another "decisive victory" to Malaysia on 4 June, when it found that the arbitral tribunal that had heard the petition filed by the Sulu heirs did not have jurisdiction over the case.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Malaysian Law Minister, this judgement implied that the Paris Court of Appeal will also annual the $14.9 billion award handed down earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, the claimants said they would now consider their options before the French Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 June, Malaysia won another legal victory, with the Hague Court of Appeal dismissing a bid to enforce the $15 billion award.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Reuters, the Dutch judges sided with Malaysia, saying the original pact lacked a clause binding parties to arbitration and the French stay meant the claim was not enforceable in the Netherlands.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While lawyer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Cohen_(lawyer)" title="Paul Cohen (lawyer)">Paul Cohen</a>, acting for the Sulu heirs, said they were disappointed with the court decision, Malaysia's Prime Minister, Anwar Ibrahim, welcomed the decision, stating, "Malaysia trusts that today's decision ... will put an end to the frivolous attempts of the claimants to enforce the purported final award in other jurisdiction".<sup id="cite_ref-:2_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 January 2023, it was announced that <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Stampa" title="Gonzalo Stampa">Gonzalo Stampa</a>, the Spanish arbitrator who had awarded the arbitral sum against Malaysia, had been convicted of contempt of court for "knowingly disobeying rulings and orders from the Madrid High Court of Justice", and sentenced to six months in prison.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Law360, the Spanish courts' decision to move ahead with criminal proceedings against Stampa is a significant "victory for the Malaysian government".<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 January 2024, Stampa was convicted for contempt of court.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was sentenced to six months in prison and banned from acting as an arbitrator for one year for "knowingly disobeying rulings and orders from the Madrid High Court of Justice".<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 May 2024 the Madrid Court of Appeal upheld the contempt of court conviction and sentence against Stampa, upholding his six-month prison sentence, and a one-year ban from practising as an arbitrator.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 30 May 2024, Petronas moved a Manhattan court to seek directions for litigation funding firm Therium and its parent company to turn over subpoenaed financial documents and communications. Petronas' Azerbaijani arm said it would sue the companies and their lawyers in Spain over losses from the seizure of assets in Luxembourg.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 7 November 2024, the French Court of Cassation—the highest court in the French judicial system—annulled a $15 billion arbitration ruling against Malaysia.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This decision marked a significant legal victory for Malaysia and reinforced its sovereignty in a dispute with the self-proclaimed Sulu heirs.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ruling highlighted irregularities in the arbitration process led by <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Stampa" title="Gonzalo Stampa">Gonzalo Stampa</a> and raised concerns about practices such as forum shopping and unregulated litigation funding in European courts.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The French court's decision was deemed a significant "win" for Malaysia that effectively marked the end of the Sulu case by several publications, including Law.com and Law360.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  Keith Ellison, former vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee and Minnesota attorney general, pointed out that the case highlighted the enormous scope for "corruption," irresponsible profiteering, and foreign influence operations to subvert arbitration proceedings".<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corporate_affairs">Corporate affairs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Corporate affairs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PETRONAS is a legal entity incorporated under the Malaysian Companies Act and reports to the company's Board of Directors. The Malaysian federal government is the sole shareholder of the company. Key positions in the company are all appointees from the federal government. The federal government also controls the amount of dividend payout to finance the yearly budget of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2019, prime minister Mahathir Mohamad mooted an idea of selling a percentage of PETRONAS stake to Sabah and Sarawak because the <a href="/wiki/Pakatan_Harapan" title="Pakatan Harapan">Pakatan Harapan</a> government was unable to fulfill its promise of giving 20% oil royalty to both the states.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The price of the purchase was reported to be RM 8 billion for one per cent of the company. Such proposal met cold response from Sarawak. This is because once the shares are bought, Sarawak can only become a minority shareholder. Sarawak therefore would not have much voice in the PETRONAS board meetings. Due to its high share price, the money, once invested, may have difficulty to break even in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A lawmaker from Sarawak stated that PETRONAS acts as a trustee for the oil and gas fields in both the states; therefore, it makes no sense of buying a property that should have been already owned by the state governments.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The brand valuation of PETRONAS as of January 2021 was US$12 billion (RM 48 billion according to conversion rate of US$1.00 to RM 4.00).<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Total stockholder equity as of February 2021 was US$82 billion (RM 328 billion).<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Production_sharing_contracts">Production sharing contracts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Production sharing contracts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Production-sharing contract (PSC) was signed between PETRONAS and other foreign oil companies in 1976. A ratio of 70:30 was agreed upon where for total amount of oil produced, other oil companies will take 20% of oil for cost recovery (cost oil), and the remaining 10% will be taken as oil royalty and shared equally between federal and respective state governments. The remaining 70% of oil (profit oil) will be divided again according to 70:30 formula where PETRONAS will take 70% and 30% goes to respective oil companies. Both PETRONAS and other oil companies will be subjected to 45% income tax by the federal government. Besides, 70% of any increase in oil price from the base price of US$12.72 will go to PETRONAS and the base price will increase by 5% each year so other oil companies will be able to cover for any cost inflation. In return, PETRONAS will not take over the equity of other oil companies. Each oil company will contribute 0.5% for a petroleum research fund.<sup id="cite_ref-Muhammad_1978_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muhammad_1978-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CCOP_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCOP-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another PSC (the deep-water model) was developed in 1985 to attract other oil companies to enter the Malaysian oil mining scene, while taking into account the rising cost of oil exploration (cost oil of 28%). Sharing of oil revenue become more flexible, depending upon the depth of the oil is found. The deeper the oil seeps (from 200 meters to more than 1 km), the higher the cost oil (50 to 75%). However, foreign oil companies will get higher share of profit oil (from 30 to 85%) in deep-water oil mining.<sup id="cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fred_R_2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1997, revenue over cost (R/C) model was adopted for PSC. PETRONAS will get higher share of profit oil as R/C ratio increases.<sup id="cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fred_R_2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the meantime, 10% oil royalty stays the same throughout the years. Overall, PETRONAS earns 13.3% on R/C model and 12.5% on deep-water model. Meanwhile, the federal government earns 37% in R/C model and 25% in deep-water model.<sup id="cite_ref-CCOP_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCOP-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finances">Finances</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Finances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PETRONAS has been publishing its financial reports online since 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, certain quarters demanded detailed profit and loss accounts and reports on PSCs with other companies for transparency instead of just providing a summary of profits before tax.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Responding to allegations of public funds mismanagement, PETRONAS responded that its profits are managed by the Malaysian federal government, not by the company itself.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007, PETRONAS revenue come from petroleum exports from Malaysia (50%), domestic operations (20%) and international operations (30%).<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The weightage of the revenue streams were similar in 2020, where international operations accounted for 33% of total revenue received by PETRONAS.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> PETRONAS continuously provides the Malaysian government dividends from its profits. Since its inception in 1974, PETRONAS have paid the government RM 403.3 billion, with RM 67.6 billion in 2008. The payment represents 44% of the 2008 federal government revenue.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PETRONAS paid RM 54 billion in dividends to the federal government in 2019. In 2022, PETRONAS contributed RM 50 billion to the federal government.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Petronas_2013_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Petronas_2013_logo.svg/150px-Petronas_2013_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Petronas_2013_logo.svg/225px-Petronas_2013_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Petronas_2013_logo.svg/300px-Petronas_2013_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="105" data-file-height="107" /></a><figcaption>Petronas logo, 2013–present</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corporate_identity">Corporate identity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Corporate identity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Petronas's logo was created in 1974<sup id="cite_ref-version_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-version-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brands_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brands-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by Dato Johan Ariff of Johan Design Associates.<sup id="cite_ref-brands_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brands-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 July 2013, Petronas unveiled a refreshed version of its corporate logo in that year's Asia Oil and Gas Conference, symbolising the growth and progression of its brand. It is the third iteration of the logo.<sup id="cite_ref-version_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-version-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subsidiaries">Subsidiaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Subsidiaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PETRONAS has more than 100 subsidiaries and around 40 Joint Venture companies in which PETRONAS has at least 50% stake in the company. Although PETRONAS is considering to listing more of its subsidiaries,<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so far the company has listed at least 3 of its subsidiaries in the <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Malaysia" title="Bursa Malaysia">Bursa Malaysia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PETRONAS_Dagangan_Berhad">PETRONAS Dagangan Berhad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: PETRONAS Dagangan Berhad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YosriNov2004StesenMinyakPetronas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/YosriNov2004StesenMinyakPetronas.jpg/500px-YosriNov2004StesenMinyakPetronas.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/YosriNov2004StesenMinyakPetronas.jpg/960px-YosriNov2004StesenMinyakPetronas.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1555" data-file-height="419" /></a><figcaption>A PETRONAS petrol station at km 54, Karak-Kuala Lumpur Highway</figcaption></figure> <p>Involved in the distribution and sale of finished petroleum products and operations of service stations for the domestic market. The company has over 800 petrol stations around Malaysia as of July 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and further increased to 870 stations in January 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The company has also teamed up with local food and beverage companies, banks and transportation companies to provide better services at their petrol stations. Companies include <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Fried_Chicken" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky Fried Chicken">Kentucky Fried Chicken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dunkin%27_Donuts" title="Dunkin' Donuts">Dunkin' Donuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konsortium_Transnasional_Berhad" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsortium Transnasional Berhad">Konsortium Transnasional Berhad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maybank" title="Maybank">Maybank</a>, and <a href="/wiki/CIMB" title="CIMB">CIMB Bank</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PETRONAS_Gas_Berhad">PETRONAS Gas Berhad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: PETRONAS Gas Berhad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Involved in the provision of gas processing and transmission services to PETRONAS and its customers as a throughput company. Owns and operates the <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Gas_Pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Peninsular Gas Pipeline">Peninsular Gas Pipeline</a> which is 2,550 kilometres in length and runs from <a href="/wiki/Kerteh" title="Kerteh">Kerteh</a> in Terengganu to <a href="/wiki/Johor_Bahru" title="Johor Bahru">Johor Bahru</a> in the South and <a href="/wiki/Kangar" title="Kangar">Kangar</a> in the North of Peninsular Malaysia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="MISC_Berhad">MISC Berhad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: MISC Berhad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/MISC_Berhad" title="MISC Berhad">MISC Berhad</a></div> <p>Involved in ship-owning, ship-operating and other logistics and maritime transportation services and activities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="KLCC_Properties_Berhad">KLCC Properties Berhad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: KLCC Properties Berhad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/KLCC_Properties" class="mw-redirect" title="KLCC Properties">KLCC Properties</a></div> <p>Involves in the development and the management of the Kuala Lumpur City Centre project which includes the <a href="/wiki/Petronas_Twin_Towers" class="mw-redirect" title="Petronas Twin Towers">PETRONAS Twin Towers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Menara_Exxon_Mobil" class="mw-redirect" title="Menara Exxon Mobil">Menara Exxon Mobil</a> and <a href="/wiki/KLCC_Park" title="KLCC Park">KLCC Park</a>. Other properties under its care include <a href="/wiki/Dayabumi_Complex" title="Dayabumi Complex">Dayabumi Complex</a> which is located near <a href="/wiki/Dataran_Merdeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Dataran Merdeka">Dataran Merdeka</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PETRONAS_Chemicals">PETRONAS Chemicals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: PETRONAS Chemicals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The PETRONAS Chemicals is the latest company to be publicly listed. The IPO was done on 26 November 2010 with investor raise around US$4.40 billion, effectively becoming one of the largest IPO exercises in South East Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The business is the largest petrochemical producer and seller in South East Asia. Products include <a href="/wiki/Olefins" class="mw-redirect" title="Olefins">olefins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polymers" class="mw-redirect" title="Polymers">polymers</a>, fertilizers, <a href="/wiki/Methanol" title="Methanol">methanol</a> and other basic chemicals and derivative products.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, the company acquired Swedish speciality plastics company Perstorp from <a href="/wiki/PAI_Partners" title="PAI Partners">PAI Partners</a> for €2.3 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malaysian_Marine_and_Heavy_Engineering">Malaysian Marine and Heavy Engineering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Malaysian Marine and Heavy Engineering"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Marine_and_Heavy_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Marine and Heavy Engineering">Malaysian Marine and Heavy Engineering</a></div> <p>MMHE was listing on 29 October 2010 with MYR 1 billion raised on its IPO exercise. </p><p>The business builds offshore structures for oil and gas applications, help repair large vessels and converts vessels into <a href="/wiki/Floating_production_storage_and_offloading" title="Floating production storage and offloading">Floating production storage and offloading</a> and FSOs.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Biorefinery_Joint_Venture_with_Eniive_SpA">New Biorefinery Joint Venture with Eniive SpA</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: New Biorefinery Joint Venture with Eniive SpA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2024, Petronas, Italy's <a href="/wiki/Eni" title="Eni">Enilive SpA</a>, and Japan's Euglena Co. announced a final investment decision to establish a biorefinery in Malaysia. A joint venture will oversee the construction, slated to begin in the fourth quarter of this year at Petronas's integrated refinery and petrochemical complex in Pengerang, Johor. The facility is designed to process approximately 650,000 tons of raw materials annually, producing sustainable aviation fuel, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and bio-naphtha. The biorefinery is expected to commence operations in the second half of 2028.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_principal_subsidiaries">Other principal subsidiaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Other principal subsidiaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some of the key subsidiaries are:- </p> <ul><li>PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd – Main <a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon_exploration" title="Hydrocarbon exploration">Hydrocarbon exploration</a> arm</li> <li>E&P O&M Services Sdn Bhd (EPOMS) – Main Oil & Gas Maintenance Services – Cendor Phase 2 FPSO project, Bertam, Sepat, Layang, Gumusut-Kakap</li> <li>PETRONAS Carigali Overseas Sdn Bhd – <a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon_exploration" title="Hydrocarbon exploration">Hydrocarbon exploration</a> arm aimed at finding new blocks in international areas</li> <li>PETRONAS Research Sdn Bhd – Conducting research and development</li> <li>MITCO Sdn Bhd – International Trading of non-oil assets</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petronas_Fertiliser_Kedah" title="Petronas Fertiliser Kedah">PETRONAS Fertiliser Kedah</a> – Creating <a href="/wiki/Urea" title="Urea">urea</a> fertiliser</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petronas_Methanol_(Labuan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Petronas Methanol (Labuan)">PETRONAS Methanol (Labuan) Sdn. Bhd. (PMLSB)</a> – Methanol plant</li></ul> <p>Others include PETRONAS Assets Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Maritime Services Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Selenia (OEM Oil for <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">FCA</a>, AREXONS); PETRONAS Trading Corp. Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Argentina S.A.; PETRONAS Australia Pty Ltd.; PETRONAS Thailand Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS Energy Philippines Inc.; PETRONAS Cambodia Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS Technical Services Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS Group Technical Solutions Sdn Bhd; PETRONAS South Africa Pty Ltd.; PETRONAS India Holdings Company Pte Ltd.; PETRONAS China Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS International Corp. Ltd.; PETRONAS Marketing Thailand Co. Ltd.; Myanmar PETRONAS Trading Co. Ltd.; PETRONAS Canada; PETRONAS Marketing (Netherlands) B.V. and Indianoil PETRONAS </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commercial_automotive_and_motorcycle_partnerships">Commercial automotive and motorcycle partnerships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Commercial automotive and motorcycle partnerships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PETRONAS is an official recommended flagship fuel and lubricants for <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-AMG" title="Mercedes-AMG">Mercedes-AMG</a> models), <a href="/wiki/PROTON_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="PROTON Holdings">Proton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perodua" title="Perodua">Perodua</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tata_Motors" title="Tata Motors">Tata Motors</a> for automobiles. They are also recommended fuel and lubricants for <a href="/wiki/Modenas" title="Modenas">Modenas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Company" title="Yamaha Motor Company">Yamaha motorcycles</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motorsport">Motorsport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Motorsport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Car_racing">Car racing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Car racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Starting_grid_of_2010_Malaysian_GP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Starting_grid_of_2010_Malaysian_GP.jpg/220px-Starting_grid_of_2010_Malaysian_GP.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Starting_grid_of_2010_Malaysian_GP.jpg/330px-Starting_grid_of_2010_Malaysian_GP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Starting_grid_of_2010_Malaysian_GP.jpg/440px-Starting_grid_of_2010_Malaysian_GP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1185" /></a><figcaption>PETRONAS sponsored the Formula One <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Grand_Prix" title="Malaysian Grand Prix">Malaysian Grand Prix</a> as the title sponsor since its inaugural race in <a href="/wiki/1999_Malaysian_Grand_Prix" title="1999 Malaysian Grand Prix">1999</a> until the <a href="/wiki/2017_Malaysian_Grand_Prix" title="2017 Malaysian Grand Prix">last race in 2017</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sauber_C23_5.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sauber_C23_5.JPG/220px-Sauber_C23_5.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sauber_C23_5.JPG/330px-Sauber_C23_5.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sauber_C23_5.JPG/440px-Sauber_C23_5.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Sauber_C23" title="Sauber C23">Sauber C23</a> as used in the <a href="/wiki/2004_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 Formula One season">2004 Formula One season</a>, exhibited at the Galeria Perdana on Langkawi Island, Malaysia.</figcaption></figure> <p>PETRONAS was one of the main <a href="/wiki/Sponsor_(commercial)" title="Sponsor (commercial)">sponsors</a> of the <a href="/wiki/BMW_in_Formula_One" title="BMW in Formula One">BMW Sauber</a> <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> team alongside <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>, and supplied <a href="/wiki/Lubricant" title="Lubricant">lubricants</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fuel" title="Fuel">fuel</a> to the team. It also owned 40% of <a href="/wiki/Sauber_Petronas_Engineering" title="Sauber Petronas Engineering">Sauber PETRONAS Engineering</a>, the company that builds chassis which formerly used <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a> designed engines used by the Sauber team, until being bought out by German motor company <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a>. PETRONAS was also the main sponsor for the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Grand_Prix" title="Malaysian Grand Prix">Malaysian Grand Prix</a>, and co-sponsored the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Grand_Prix" title="Chinese Grand Prix">Chinese Grand Prix</a>, and the inaugural <a href="/wiki/Korean_Grand_Prix" title="Korean Grand Prix">Korean Grand Prix</a>. PETRONAS was the exclusive premium partner of the <a href="/wiki/Sauber_Petronas" class="mw-redirect" title="Sauber Petronas">Sauber PETRONAS</a> (1995–2005) and <a href="/wiki/BMW_in_Formula_One" title="BMW in Formula One">BMW Sauber</a> (2006–2009) F1 teams. BMW had acquired the controlling stake of the former Sauber PETRONAS Engineering, but left the sport after the 2009 season. On 21 December 2009, PETRONAS was confirmed as moving from BMW Sauber to the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes AMG PETRONAS Formula One</a> team.<sup id="cite_ref-Petronas_Mercedes_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petronas_Mercedes-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In terms of further Formula One involvement, every year PETRONAS took the BMW Sauber team to various parts of Malaysia for F1 demos, so the public who are unable to go to the track itself get to experience a little bit of what F1 offers. Other promotional events are held in the run up to the race and the drivers play an integral part in this so much so that <a href="/wiki/Nick_Heidfeld" title="Nick Heidfeld">Nick Heidfeld</a> conceded that there were more fans for BMW Sauber in Malaysia than in most other countries. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_frontview_of_No.1_PETRONAS_TEAM_TOM%27S_FN09.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/The_frontview_of_No.1_PETRONAS_TEAM_TOM%27S_FN09.JPG/220px-The_frontview_of_No.1_PETRONAS_TEAM_TOM%27S_FN09.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/The_frontview_of_No.1_PETRONAS_TEAM_TOM%27S_FN09.JPG/330px-The_frontview_of_No.1_PETRONAS_TEAM_TOM%27S_FN09.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/The_frontview_of_No.1_PETRONAS_TEAM_TOM%27S_FN09.JPG/440px-The_frontview_of_No.1_PETRONAS_TEAM_TOM%27S_FN09.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andre_Lotterer_2010_Super_GT_Fuji_400km_qualify_Super_Lap.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Andre_Lotterer_2010_Super_GT_Fuji_400km_qualify_Super_Lap.jpg/220px-Andre_Lotterer_2010_Super_GT_Fuji_400km_qualify_Super_Lap.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Andre_Lotterer_2010_Super_GT_Fuji_400km_qualify_Super_Lap.jpg/330px-Andre_Lotterer_2010_Super_GT_Fuji_400km_qualify_Super_Lap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Andre_Lotterer_2010_Super_GT_Fuji_400km_qualify_Super_Lap.jpg/440px-Andre_Lotterer_2010_Super_GT_Fuji_400km_qualify_Super_Lap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>PETRONAS supported <a href="/wiki/TOM%27S" title="TOM'S">TOM'S</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> automobile racing squad in <a href="/wiki/Super_GT" title="Super GT">Super GT</a> between <a href="/wiki/2008_Super_GT_Series" title="2008 Super GT Series">2008</a> and <a href="/wiki/2015_Super_GT_Series" title="2015 Super GT Series">2015</a></figcaption></figure> <p>PETRONAS also sponsors many other sporting events and teams, mostly motorsports. Some of these sponsorships include the PERT (PETRONAS EON Rally Team), and also the PETRONAS Adventure Team, a 4X4 adventure team. More recently PETRONAS was also a major sponsor for <a href="/wiki/TOM%27S" title="TOM'S">PETRONAS TOYOTA TEAM TOM'S</a> which was participating in <a href="/wiki/Super_GT" title="Super GT">Super GT</a> series, which they won the team title in <a href="/wiki/2008_Super_GT_Series" title="2008 Super GT Series">2008</a> and driver title in <a href="/wiki/2009_Super_GT_Series" title="2009 Super GT Series">2009</a>. The series also raced in Malaysia every season at <a href="/wiki/Sepang_International_Circuit" title="Sepang International Circuit">Sepang International Circuit</a> between <a href="/wiki/2005_Super_GT_Series" title="2005 Super GT Series">2005</a> and <a href="/wiki/2013_Super_GT_Series" title="2013 Super GT Series">2013</a>. PETRONAS signed a three-year sponsorship agreement with <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Racing" title="Yamaha Motor Racing">Yamaha</a> <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing" title="Grand Prix motorcycle racing">MotoGP</a> team. The PETRONAS branding can be seen starting <a href="/wiki/2009_Qatar_motorcycle_Grand_Prix" title="2009 Qatar motorcycle Grand Prix">Qatar race</a> on the 10 to 12 April 2009. PETRONAS also sponsors all <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-AMG" title="Mercedes-AMG">Mercedes-AMG</a> <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Tourenwagen_Masters" title="Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters">DTM</a> cars from the 2011 season until Mercedes' DTM exit in <a href="/wiki/2018_Deutsche_Tourenwagen_Masters" title="2018 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters">2018</a> (replacing <a href="/wiki/Mobil_1" title="Mobil 1">Mobil 1</a>) for only providing the lubricants. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lewis_Hamilton_2017_Malaysia_FP2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lewis_Hamilton_2017_Malaysia_FP2.jpg/220px-Lewis_Hamilton_2017_Malaysia_FP2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lewis_Hamilton_2017_Malaysia_FP2.jpg/330px-Lewis_Hamilton_2017_Malaysia_FP2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lewis_Hamilton_2017_Malaysia_FP2.jpg/440px-Lewis_Hamilton_2017_Malaysia_FP2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>PETRONAS supports the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes_AMG_Petronas" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes AMG Petronas">Mercedes-AMG PETRONAS</a> Formula One racing team since 2010. (pictured here in <a href="/wiki/2017_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2017 Formula One World Championship">2017</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Since 2010, PETRONAS has been the main sponsor of the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes AMG PETRONAS F1</a> team. <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a> have won eight straight Constructors' Championship titles and 7 Drivers' Championship titles from the beginning of the 1.6 litre (97.6 cu in) turbocharged V6 engine era in <a href="/wiki/2014_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2014 Formula One World Championship">2014</a> until <a href="/wiki/2021_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2021 Formula One World Championship">2021</a>. Since 2014, PETRONAS has also been supplying fuel and lubricants for <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-AMG" title="Mercedes-AMG">Mercedes-AMG</a> customer teams, including <a href="/wiki/Force_India" title="Force India">Force India</a> (from 2014) (now known as <a href="/wiki/Aston_Martin_in_Formula_One" title="Aston Martin in Formula One">Aston Martin</a>, along with Ravenol from 2018 season for lubricants only), <a href="/wiki/Lotus_F1" title="Lotus F1">Lotus</a> for <a href="/wiki/2015_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2015 Formula One World Championship">2015</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manor_Racing" title="Manor Racing">Manor</a> for <a href="/wiki/2016_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2016 Formula One World Championship">2016</a>, <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a> from <a href="/wiki/2017_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2017 Formula One World Championship">2017</a> to <a href="/wiki/2022_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2022 Formula One World Championship">2022</a> and <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a> from <a href="/wiki/2021_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2021 Formula One World Championship">2021</a>. In addition PETRONAS also supplies fuels and lubricants for <a href="/wiki/Honda_F1" class="mw-redirect" title="Honda F1">Honda</a>-powered <a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_GmbH" title="Red Bull GmbH">Red Bull</a>-owned Italian team <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Toro_Rosso" title="Scuderia Toro Rosso">Scuderia Toro Rosso</a>, known as <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_AlphaTauri" title="Scuderia AlphaTauri">Scuderia AlphaTauri</a> since the 2018 season, until 2023. PETRONAS' title and technical partnership with Mercedes is extended from the 2026 season onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Motorcycle_racing">Motorcycle racing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Motorcycle racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fabio_Quartararo_2019_Misano_(cropped).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Fabio_Quartararo_2019_Misano_%28cropped%29.jpeg/220px-Fabio_Quartararo_2019_Misano_%28cropped%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="363" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Fabio_Quartararo_2019_Misano_%28cropped%29.jpeg/330px-Fabio_Quartararo_2019_Misano_%28cropped%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Fabio_Quartararo_2019_Misano_%28cropped%29.jpeg/440px-Fabio_Quartararo_2019_Misano_%28cropped%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="985" data-file-height="1625" /></a><figcaption>Petronas supporting the <a href="/wiki/Sepang_Racing_Team" title="Sepang Racing Team">Sepang Racing Team</a> in MotoGP</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1996_Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing_season" title="1996 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season">1996</a>, PETRONAS sponsored a Grand Prix motorcycle racing team called PETRONAS Sprinta TVK in the 250cc class with <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Company" title="Yamaha Motor Company">Yamaha</a> as the manufacturer. The team got a wildcard opportunity at the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_motorcycle_Grand_Prix" title="Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix">Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix</a> with <a href="/wiki/Shahrol_Yuzy" title="Shahrol Yuzy">Shahrol Yuzy</a> as its rider. In the following season in <a href="/wiki/1997_Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing_season" title="1997 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season">1997</a>, the team received another wildcard and raced in the 125cc class. This time <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a> was chosen as the manufacturer. Then two seasons later, PETRONAS Sprinta TVK returned to the 250cc class. From <a href="/wiki/2000_Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing_season" title="2000 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season">2000</a> to <a href="/wiki/2002_Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing_season" title="2002 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season">2002</a>, the team competed for a full season in the 250cc class on <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Company" title="Yamaha Motor Company">Yamaha</a> bikes.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PETRONAS also sponsors the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Cub_Prix" title="Malaysian Cub Prix">Malaysian Cub Prix</a> races, and the now-defunct Foggy PETRONAS Superbike team (in which PETRONAS debuts their superbike, the <a href="/wiki/Petronas_FP1" title="Petronas FP1">FP1</a>). Then, PETRONAS became a team sponsor in the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing" title="Grand Prix motorcycle racing">Moto2</a> championship in the <a href="/wiki/2011_Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing_season" title="2011 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season">2011 season</a> called the PETRONAS Malaysia Team with <a href="/wiki/Hafizh_Syahrin" title="Hafizh Syahrin">Hafizh Syahrin</a> as the rider and using the <a href="/wiki/Moriwaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Moriwaki">Moriwaki</a> motorcycle. Then in the <a href="/wiki/2012_Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season">2012 season</a>, PETRONAS became the sponsor of the Malaysian Raceline Team when he received a wildcard at the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_motorcycle_Grand_Prix" title="Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix">Malaysian Sepang Grand Prix</a> with <a href="/wiki/Hafizh_Syahrin" title="Hafizh Syahrin">Hafizh Syahrin</a>, who at that time switched to using an <a href="/wiki/FTR_Moto" title="FTR Moto">FTR</a> motorcycle. It was in this season that Syahrin managed to get on the podium for the first time. The team then got another wildcard in the following season, until in the <a href="/wiki/2014_Moto2_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Moto2 season">2014</a>-<a href="/wiki/2017_Moto2_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Moto2 season">2017 season</a>, the team participated in full competition in the season with <a href="/wiki/Kalex" title="Kalex">Kalex</a> as the manufacturer. </p><p>Since <a href="/wiki/2017_MotoGP_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 MotoGP season">2017</a>, PETRONAS has been the main sponsor of the <a href="/wiki/Sepang_Racing_Team" title="Sepang Racing Team">Sepang Racing Team</a>, which at that time competed in the Moto2 and Moto3 classes and was named PETRONAS Sprinta Racing. In the Moto3 class the team uses <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a> bikes, while in Moto2 it uses <a href="/wiki/Kalex" title="Kalex">Kalex</a>. At <a href="/wiki/2019_MotoGP_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 MotoGP season">2019</a>, PETRONAS is the main sponsor of the new <a href="/wiki/Sepang_Racing_Team" title="Sepang Racing Team">PETRONAS Yamaha SRT</a>, which became the satellite team for <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Racing" title="Yamaha Motor Racing">Yamaha</a> in MotoGP following <a href="/wiki/Tech3" title="Tech3">Tech3</a>'s switch to <a href="/wiki/KTM" title="KTM">KTM</a> bikes after 20 years with Yamaha bikes. Their riders are <a href="/wiki/Valentino_Rossi" title="Valentino Rossi">Valentino Rossi</a> and 2017 Moto2 World Champion <a href="/wiki/Franco_Morbidelli" title="Franco Morbidelli">Franco Morbidelli</a>. In addition, PETRONAS also played a role for supplying fuels, motorcycle oil and other products for <a href="/wiki/Sepang_Racing_Team" title="Sepang Racing Team">PETRONAS Yamaha SRT</a> <a href="/wiki/MotoGP" class="mw-redirect" title="MotoGP">MotoGP</a> team. But unfortunately, at the end of the 2021 season, PETRONAS did not continue its cooperation to become the main sponsor of the <a href="/wiki/Sepang_Racing_Team" title="Sepang Racing Team">SRT</a> team. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/2022_Moto2_World_Championship" title="2022 Moto2 World Championship">2022</a>, PETRONAS returned as a team sponsor in Moto2 with their wildcard riders <a href="/wiki/Kasma_Daniel" title="Kasma Daniel">Kasma Daniel</a> in the PETRONAS MIE Racing team and Azroy Anuar with the PETRONAS RW Racing team. Both riders compete in the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_motorcycle_Grand_Prix" title="Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix">Malaysian</a> series. </p><p>From <a href="/wiki/2023_Superbike_World_Championship" title="2023 Superbike World Championship">2023</a>, PETRONAS became the <a href="/wiki/Title_sponsor" class="mw-redirect" title="Title sponsor">title sponsor</a> of a <a href="/wiki/World_Superbike" class="mw-redirect" title="World Superbike">World Superbike</a> and <a href="/wiki/Supersport_World_Championship" title="Supersport World Championship">World Supersport</a> racing team, <a href="/wiki/Moriwaki_Engineering" title="Moriwaki Engineering">MIE Honda Racing</a> and changed its name to PETRONAS MIE Honda Racing Team. Their riders are <a href="/wiki/Hafizh_Syahrin" title="Hafizh Syahrin">Hafizh Syahrin</a> & <a href="/wiki/Eric_Granado" title="Eric Granado">Eric Granado</a> for WSBK category, and <a href="/wiki/Adam_Norrodin" title="Adam Norrodin">Adam Norrodin</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tarran_Mackenzie" title="Tarran Mackenzie">Tarran Mackenzie</a> for WSSP category at this season. </p><p>As part of its corporate social responsibility programme, PETRONAS also brings underprivileged children to watch the races. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Automotive_manufacturers">Automotive manufacturers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Automotive manufacturers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Petronas once developed its own race bike. Initially, this racing bike will be fielded in the WorldSBK racing event. The desire began in <a href="/wiki/2002_Superbike_World_Championship" title="2002 Superbike World Championship">2002</a>, when Petronas was already a partner of the <a href="/wiki/Sauber" class="mw-redirect" title="Sauber">Sauber</a> racing team in <a href="/wiki/Formula_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula 1">Formula 1</a>. The base used was the Petronas GP1, which was originally prepared to go down in <a href="/wiki/MotoGP" class="mw-redirect" title="MotoGP">MotoGP</a>. But, it was changed to pass WorldSBK homologation. For its development, Petronas worked with Suter Racing Technology. The <a href="/wiki/Petronas_FP1" title="Petronas FP1">Petronas FP1</a> is ready for mass production, to meet WorldSBK regulations. </p><p>Petronas is working with MSX International in the UK to make 75 units of the road version of the FP1. The remaining 75 units are made by <a href="/wiki/Modenas" title="Modenas">Modenas</a>, a Malaysian motorcycle brand. In terms of specifications, this bike is quite powerful. It uses an in-line 3-cylinder engine, DOHC, 4 valves per cylinder, with a capacity of 899.5 cc, and liquid-cooled. The engine produces 127.4 tk of power at 10,000 rpm and 92 Nm of torque at 9,700 rpm. </p><p>Petronas had formed the Foggy Petronas Racing team to compete in WorldSBK. The team is led by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Fogarty" title="Carl Fogarty">Carl Fogarty</a>, a former legendary WorldSBK rider. For the riders, <a href="/wiki/Troy_Corser" title="Troy Corser">Troy Corser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Walker_(motorcyclist)" title="Chris Walker (motorcyclist)">Chris Walker</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Garry_McCoy" title="Garry McCoy">Garry McCoy</a> were selected. </p><p>However, during the 5 years the team competed in WorldSBK, Petronas FP1 was less competitive. One of the reasons was the change in regulations in 2003. Previously, 3-cylinder engines were limited to 900 cc. But, it was revised to 1,000 cc. Thus, the Petronas FP1 engine was quite defeated in terms of power. It was also not uncommon for the bike to experience technical problems. Even so, the bike made it to the podium three times. One of them was achieved by Walker when he finished third in the <a href="/wiki/2004_Superbike_World_Championship" title="2004 Superbike World Championship">2004 Valencia WorlsSBK</a>. Corser has also achieved pole position twice. </p><p>The project was eventually discontinued in 2006 by Fogarty and Petronas. Until now, the road version of the Petronas FP1 has also been a question mark. Because, the motorcycle is difficult to detect its whereabouts now.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WorldSBK_constructors">WorldSBK constructors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: WorldSBK constructors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="By_season_results">By season results</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: By season results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>(<a href="/wiki/Template:Motorsport_driver_results_legend" title="Template:Motorsport driver results legend">key</a>) (Races in <b>bold</b> indicate pole position; races in <i>italics</i> indicate fastest lap) </p> <div style="height: px; overflow: auto;"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2">Year </th> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2">Bike </th> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2">Team </th> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2">Tyres </th> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2">No. </th> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2">Riders </th> <th colspan="2">1 </th> <th colspan="2">2 </th> <th colspan="2">3 </th> <th colspan="2">4 </th> <th colspan="2">5 </th> <th colspan="2">6 </th> <th colspan="2">7 </th> <th colspan="2">8 </th> <th colspan="2">9 </th> <th colspan="2">10 </th> <th colspan="2">11 </th> <th colspan="2">12 </th> <th colspan="2">13 </th> <th colspan="2">14 </th> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2">Points </th> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Riders' championship position">RC</span> </th> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2">Points </th> <th valign="middle" rowspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Manufacturers' championship position">MC</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th> <th>R1 </th> <th>R2 </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2003_Superbike_World_Championship_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2003 Superbike World Championship season">2003</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Petronas_FP1" title="Petronas FP1">Petronas FP1</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Foggy Petronas Racing </th> <th rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#dd0029; background-color:#fee100;">P</span></a></b> </th> <td>4 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Troy_Corser" title="Troy Corser">Troy Corser</a> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit de Valencia">SPA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit de Valencia">SPA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">7</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Island_Grand_Prix_Circuit" title="Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit">AUS</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">5</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Island_Grand_Prix_Circuit" title="Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit">AUS</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">8</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Sportsland_SUGO" class="mw-redirect" title="Sportsland SUGO">JPN</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Sportsland_SUGO" class="mw-redirect" title="Sportsland SUGO">JPN</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">12</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">13</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Motorsport_Arena_Oschersleben" title="Motorsport Arena Oschersleben">GER</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">12</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Motorsport_Arena_Oschersleben" title="Motorsport Arena Oschersleben">GER</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">14</span> </td> <td style="background:#cfcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">16</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">7</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">10</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Seca_Raceway" class="mw-redirect" title="Laguna Seca Raceway">USA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">8</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Seca_Raceway" class="mw-redirect" title="Laguna Seca Raceway">USA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">6</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">9</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">7</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">7</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">8</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>12th </th> <th>107 </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#;">118 </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#;">4th </th></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/James_Haydon" title="James Haydon">James Haydon</a> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit de Valencia">SPA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">12</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit de Valencia">SPA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Island_Grand_Prix_Circuit" title="Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit">AUS</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">15</span> </td> <td style="background:#cfcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Island_Grand_Prix_Circuit" title="Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit">AUS</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">16</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Sportsland_SUGO" class="mw-redirect" title="Sportsland SUGO">JPN</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">9</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Sportsland_SUGO" class="mw-redirect" title="Sportsland SUGO">JPN</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Motorsport_Arena_Oschersleben" title="Motorsport Arena Oschersleben">GER</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Motorsport_Arena_Oschersleben" title="Motorsport Arena Oschersleben">GER</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">DNS</span> </td> <td style="background:#;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"></span> </td> <td style="background:#;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"></span> </td> <td style="background:#;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"></span> </td> <td style="background:#;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"></span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Seca_Raceway" class="mw-redirect" title="Laguna Seca Raceway">USA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Seca_Raceway" class="mw-redirect" title="Laguna Seca Raceway">USA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#cfcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">17</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">DNS</span> </td> <td style="background:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">DNS</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>26th </th> <th>12 </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2004_Superbike_World_Championship_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 Superbike World Championship season">2004</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Petronas_FP1" title="Petronas FP1">Petronas FP1</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Foggy Petronas Racing </th> <th rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#dd0029; background-color:#fee100;">P</span></a></b> </th> <td>4 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Troy_Corser" title="Troy Corser">Troy Corser</a> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit de Valencia">SPA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit de Valencia">SPA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">11</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Island_Grand_Prix_Circuit" title="Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit">AUS</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">13</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Island_Grand_Prix_Circuit" title="Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit">AUS</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">5</span> </td> <td style="background:#DFDFDF;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">2</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">7</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">9</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">5</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><b><a href="/wiki/Motorsport_Arena_Oschersleben" title="Motorsport Arena Oschersleben">GER</a></b><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">4</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Motorsport_Arena_Oschersleben" title="Motorsport Arena Oschersleben">GER</a></b><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">7</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">GBR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">9</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Seca_Raceway" class="mw-redirect" title="Laguna Seca Raceway">USA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">10</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Seca_Raceway" class="mw-redirect" title="Laguna Seca Raceway">USA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">EUR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">5</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">EUR</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">10</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">7</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">12</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">10</span> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a></b><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Ret</span> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><b><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a></b><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">7</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>9th </th> <th>146 </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#ffdf9f;">200 </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#ffdf9f;">3rd </th></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Walker_(motorcyclist)" title="Chris Walker (motorcyclist)">Chris Walker</a> </td> <td style="background:#FFDF9F;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Valencia Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">ESP</a><br /><small>3</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Valencia Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">ESP</a><br /><small>7</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">AUS</a><br /><small>10</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">AUS</a><br /><small>8</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Misano_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Misano Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">SMR</a><br /><small>6</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Misano_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Misano Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">SMR</a><br /><small>13</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Monza_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Monza Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">ITA</a><br /><small>8</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Monza_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Monza Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">ITA</a><br /><small>7</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Oschersleben_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Oschersleben Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">GER</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Oschersleben_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Oschersleben Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">GER</a><br /><small>7</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Silverstone_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Silverstone Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">GBR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Silverstone_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Silverstone Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">GBR</a><br /><small>12</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Laguna_Seca_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Laguna Seca Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">USA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Laguna_Seca_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Laguna Seca Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">USA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Brands_Hatch_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">GBR</a><br /><small>9</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Brands_Hatch_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">GBR</a><br /><small>4</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Assen_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Assen Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">NED</a><br /><small>12</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Assen_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Assen Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">NED</a><br /><small>10</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Imola_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Imola Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Imola_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Imola Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">ITA</a><br /><small>16</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Magny-Cours_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Magny-Cours Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">FRA</a><br /><small>8</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Magny-Cours_Superbike_World_Championship_round&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Magny-Cours Superbike World Championship round (page does not exist)">FRA</a><br /><small>8</small> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>11th </th> <th>128 </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2005_Superbike_World_Championship_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2005 Superbike World Championship season">2005</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Petronas_FP1" title="Petronas FP1">Petronas FP1</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Foggy Petronas Racing </th> <th rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#dd0029; background-color:#fee100;">P</span></a></b> </th> <td>24 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Garry_McCoy" title="Garry McCoy">Garry McCoy</a> </td> <td style="background:#cfcfff;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Losail_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Losail Superbike World Championship round">QAT</a><br /><small>17</small> </td> <td style="background:#cfcfff;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Losail_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Losail Superbike World Championship round">QAT</a><br /><small>16</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round">AUS</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round">AUS</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Valencia Superbike World Championship round">SPA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Valencia Superbike World Championship round">SPA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#cfcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><small>21</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">EUR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">EUR</a><br /><small>13</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Automotodrom_Brno" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotodrom Brno">CZE</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Automotodrom_Brno" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotodrom Brno">CZE</a><br /><small>DNS</small> </td> <td style="background:#cfcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">GBR</a><br /><small>18</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">GBR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><small>13</small> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><small>12</small> </td> <td style="background:#dfffdf;"><a href="/wiki/EuroSpeedway_Lausitz" class="mw-redirect" title="EuroSpeedway Lausitz">GER</a><br /><small>11</small> </td> <td style="background:#efcfff;"><a href="/wiki/EuroSpeedway_Lausitz" class="mw-redirect" title="EuroSpeedway Lausitz">GER</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><small>DNS</small> </td> <td style="background:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><small>C</small> </td> <td style="background:#;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a><br /><small></small> </td> <td style="background:#;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a><br /><small></small> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th style="background:#;">15 </th> <th style="background:#;">22nd </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#;">48 </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#;">6th </th></tr> <tr> <td>99 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin_(motorcyclist)" title="Steve Martin (motorcyclist)">Steve Martin</a> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Losail_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Losail Superbike World Championship round">QAT</a><br /><small>15</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Losail_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Losail Superbike World Championship round">QAT</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round">AUS</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round">AUS</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Valencia Superbike World Championship round">SPA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2005_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2005 Valencia Superbike World Championship round">SPA</a><br /><small>17</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Nazionale_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Nazionale Monza">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">EUR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">EUR</a><br /><small>20</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><small>11</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/Misano_World_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Misano World Circuit">SMR</a><br /><small>8</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Automotodrom_Brno" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotodrom Brno">CZE</a><br /><small>17</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Automotodrom_Brno" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotodrom Brno">CZE</a><br /><small>16</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">GBR</a><br /><small>15</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">GBR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><small>14</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/TT_Circuit_Assen" title="TT Circuit Assen">NED</a><br /><small>16</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/EuroSpeedway_Lausitz" class="mw-redirect" title="EuroSpeedway Lausitz">GER</a><br /><small>18</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/EuroSpeedway_Lausitz" class="mw-redirect" title="EuroSpeedway Lausitz">GER</a><br /><small>9</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><small>5</small> </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Autodromo_Enzo_e_Dino_Ferrari" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari">ITA</a><br /><small>C</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;"><a href="/wiki/Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours" title="Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours">FRA</a><br /><small>DNS</small> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th style="background:#;">35 </th> <th style="background:#;">18th </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2006_Superbike_World_Championship_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 Superbike World Championship season">2006</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Petronas_FP1" title="Petronas FP1">Petronas FP1</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Foggy Petronas Racing </th> <th rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#dd0029; background-color:#fee100;">P</span></a></b> </th> <td>18 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Craig_Jones_(motorcyclist)" title="Craig Jones (motorcyclist)">Craig Jones</a> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Losail_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Losail Superbike World Championship round">QAT</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Losail_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Losail Superbike World Championship round">QAT</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round">AUS</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round">AUS</a><br /><small>21</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Valencia Superbike World Championship round">SPA</a><br /><small>22</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Valencia Superbike World Championship round">SPA</a><br /><small>25</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Monza_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Monza Superbike World Championship round">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Monza_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Monza Superbike World Championship round">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Silverstone_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Silverstone Superbike World Championship round">EUR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Silverstone_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Silverstone Superbike World Championship round">EUR</a><br /><small>DNS</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Misano_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Misano Superbike World Championship round">SMR</a><br /><small>21</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Misano_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Misano Superbike World Championship round">SMR</a><br /><small>21</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Brno_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Brno Superbike World Championship round">CZE</a><br /><small>17</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Brno_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Brno Superbike World Championship round">CZE</a><br /><small>21</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Brands_Hatch_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round">GBR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Brands_Hatch_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round">GBR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Assen_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Assen Superbike World Championship round">NED</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Assen_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Assen Superbike World Championship round">NED</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Eurospeedway_Lausitz_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Eurospeedway Lausitz Superbike World Championship round">GER</a><br /><small>18</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Eurospeedway_Lausitz_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Eurospeedway Lausitz Superbike World Championship round">GER</a><br /><small>13</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Imola_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Imola Superbike World Championship round">ITA</a><br /><small>17</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Imola_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Imola Superbike World Championship round">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Magny-Cours_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Magny-Cours Superbike World Championship round">FRA</a><br /><small>17</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Magny-Cours_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Magny-Cours Superbike World Championship round">FRA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>27th </th> <th>3 </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#;">19 </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#;">6th </th></tr> <tr> <td>99 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin_(motorcyclist)" title="Steve Martin (motorcyclist)">Steve Martin</a> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Losail_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Losail Superbike World Championship round">QAT</a><br /><small>18</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Losail_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Losail Superbike World Championship round">QAT</a><br /><small>18</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round">AUS</a><br /><small>14</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Phillip_Island_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Phillip Island Superbike World Championship round">AUS</a><br /><small>15</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Valencia Superbike World Championship round">SPA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Valencia_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Valencia Superbike World Championship round">SPA</a><br /><small>15</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Monza_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Monza Superbike World Championship round">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Monza_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Monza Superbike World Championship round">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Silverstone_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Silverstone Superbike World Championship round">EUR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Silverstone_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Silverstone Superbike World Championship round">EUR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Misano_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Misano Superbike World Championship round">SMR</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Misano_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Misano Superbike World Championship round">SMR</a><br /><small>17</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Brno_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Brno Superbike World Championship round">CZE</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Brno_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Brno Superbike World Championship round">CZE</a><br /><small>19</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Brands_Hatch_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round">GBR</a><br /><small>17</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Brands_Hatch_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Brands Hatch Superbike World Championship round">GBR</a><br /><small>16</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Assen_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Assen Superbike World Championship round">NED</a><br /><small>12</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Assen_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Assen Superbike World Championship round">NED</a><br /><small>11</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Eurospeedway_Lausitz_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Eurospeedway Lausitz Superbike World Championship round">GER</a><br /><small>14</small> </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Eurospeedway_Lausitz_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Eurospeedway Lausitz Superbike World Championship round">GER</a><br /><small>12</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Imola_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Imola Superbike World Championship round">ITA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#CFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Imola_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Imola Superbike World Championship round">ITA</a><br /><small>16</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Magny-Cours_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Magny-Cours Superbike World Championship round">FRA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td style="background:#EFCFFF;"><a href="/wiki/2006_Magny-Cours_Superbike_World_Championship_round" title="2006 Magny-Cours Superbike World Championship round">FRA</a><br /><small>Ret</small> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>21st </th> <th>19 </th></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Utphishot.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Utphishot.JPG/250px-Utphishot.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e3/Utphishot.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="308" data-file-height="231" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Universiti_Teknologi_Petronas" title="Universiti Teknologi Petronas">PETRONAS University of Technology</a></figcaption></figure> <p>PETRONAS bestows educational sponsorships in the form of convertible loans upon both Malaysian and international students, facilitating their pursuit of higher education at local or overseas universities. Overseeing educational matters is the Sponsorship & Talent Sourcing Unit (STS), an arm of PETRONAS. These sponsorships are granted based on academic accomplishments, extracurricular involvements, family background, and an evaluation of the student's character (assessed through the EduCamp program, mandatory for all aspiring PETRONAS scholars). Upon successful completion of their tertiary studies, scholars absorbed into PETRONAS have their convertible loans transformed into comprehensive scholarships. These scholars are contractually obliged to serve the company for a period of two years for each year of sponsorship. PETRONAS has its own research university, <a href="/wiki/Universiti_Teknologi_Petronas" title="Universiti Teknologi Petronas">Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS</a> (UTP). Built in 1997, the campus is located in <a href="/wiki/Seri_Iskandar" title="Seri Iskandar">Seri Iskandar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Perak</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petronas_Gallery" title="Petronas Gallery">PETRONAS Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrosains" title="Petrosains">Petrosains</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thesundaily.my/spotlight/petronas-celebrates-a-milestone-XC1217527">Petronas celebrates a milestone</a> <i>The Sun Daily</i> (6 August 2019). Retrieved on 2 June 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.petronas.com/media/press-release/petronas-bids-farewell-tan-sri-wan-zulkiflee-its-president-group-ceo-welcomes">"PETRONAS Bids Farewell To Tan Sri Wan Zulkiflee As Its President & Group CEO; Welcomes The Appointment Of Tengku Muhammad Taufik As The New PETRONAS' President & Group CEO"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=PETRONAS+Bids+Farewell+To+Tan+Sri+Wan+Zulkiflee+As+Its+President+%26+Group+CEO%3B+Welcomes+The+Appointment+Of+Tengku+Muhammad+Taufik+As+The+New+PETRONAS%27+President+%26+Group+CEO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petronas.com%2Fmedia%2Fpress-release%2Fpetronas-bids-farewell-tan-sri-wan-zulkiflee-its-president-group-ceo-welcomes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Petronas_Annual_Report_FY_2016-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Petronas_Annual_Report_FY_2016_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nst.com.my/news/2017/03/220740/petronas-records-higher-net-profit-fy16-pay-out-rm13b-dividend-govt-ceo">"Petronas Annual Report FY 2016"</a>. 14 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Petronas+Annual+Report+FY+2016&rft.date=2017-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nst.com.my%2Fnews%2F2017%2F03%2F220740%2Fpetronas-records-higher-net-profit-fy16-pay-out-rm13b-dividend-govt-ceo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nst.com.my/business/2020/11/644886/petronas-posts-rm34-billion-net-loss-q3-assets-impairment">"Petronas posts RM3.4 billion net loss in Q3 on assets impairment"</a>. 27 November 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Petronas+posts+RM3.4+billion+net+loss+in+Q3+on+assets+impairment&rft.date=2020-11-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nst.com.my%2Fbusiness%2F2020%2F11%2F644886%2Fpetronas-posts-rm34-billion-net-loss-q3-assets-impairment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.owler.com/company/petronas">"Petronas"</a>. <i>owler</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=owler&rft.atitle=Petronas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.owler.com%2Fcompany%2Fpetronas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bentley.com/en/top-infrastructure-owners">"Bentley Infrastructure 500 Top Owners"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bentley" title="Bentley">Bentley</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bentley&rft.atitle=Bentley+Infrastructure+500+Top+Owners&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bentley.com%2Fen%2Ftop-infrastructure-owners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ft-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ft_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/471ae1b8-d001-11db-94cb-000b5df10621.html">The new Seven Sisters: oil and gas giants dwarf western rivals</a>, by Carola Hoyos, <i>Financial Times</i>. 11 March 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fitchratings.com/research/corporate-finance/petroliam-nasional-berhad-petronas-11-12-2020">"Rating report: Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS)"</a>. 11 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rating+report%3A+Petroliam+Nasional+Berhad+%28PETRONAS%29&rft.date=2020-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fitchratings.com%2Fresearch%2Fcorporate-finance%2Fpetroliam-nasional-berhad-petronas-11-12-2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAPG-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AAPG_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSorkhabi" class="citation web cs1">Sorkhabi, Rasoul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150324151035/http://archives.aapg.org/explorer/2011/03mar/miri_well0311.cfm">"Historical Highlight: Miri Field Seeps Helped, But Success Was a Higher Calling"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Association_of_Petroleum_Geologists" title="American Association of Petroleum Geologists">American Association of Petroleum Geologists</a> (AAPG). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.aapg.org/explorer/2011/03mar/miri_well0311.cfm">the original</a> on 24 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historical+Highlight%3A+Miri+Field+Seeps+Helped%2C+But+Success+Was+a+Higher+Calling&rft.pub=American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists+%28AAPG%29&rft.aulast=Sorkhabi&rft.aufirst=Rasoul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.aapg.org%2Fexplorer%2F2011%2F03mar%2Fmiri_well0311.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Geoexpro-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Geoexpro_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSorkhabi2010" class="citation book cs1">Sorkhabi, Rasoul (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150324153023/http://www.geoexpro.com/articles/2010/02/miri-1910"><i>History of oil: Sarawak - Miri 1910</i></a>. GEO ExPro Magazine Vol 7, No 2. p. 44. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geoexpro.com/articles/2010/02/miri-1910">the original</a> on 24 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+oil%3A+Sarawak+-+Miri+1910&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=GEO+ExPro+Magazine+Vol+7%2C+No+2&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Sorkhabi&rft.aufirst=Rasoul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geoexpro.com%2Farticles%2F2010%2F02%2Fmiri-1910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fred_R_2007-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fred_R_2007_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDr_Fred_RAl2007" class="citation book cs1">Dr Fred R, von der Mehden; Al, Troner (March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170516220308/http://www.bakerinstitute.org/media/files/page/9dd51576/noc_petronas_tronervdm.pdf"><i>Petronas: a national oil company with an international vision</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. James A Baker III Institute for public policy, Rice university. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bakerinstitute.org/media/files/page/9dd51576/noc_petronas_tronervdm.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 16 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Petronas%3A+a+national+oil+company+with+an+international+vision&rft.pub=James+A+Baker+III+Institute+for+public+policy%2C+Rice+university&rft.date=2007-03&rft.aulast=Dr+Fred+R&rft.aufirst=von+der+Mehden&rft.au=Al%2C+Troner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bakerinstitute.org%2Fmedia%2Ffiles%2Fpage%2F9dd51576%2Fnoc_petronas_tronervdm.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pwc.com/my/en/assets/publications/2016-msian-oil-n-gas-industry.pdf"><i>The Malaysian Oil and Gas Infustry: Challenging times, but fundamentals intact</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Price Waterhouse Coopers. May 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pwc.com/my/en/assets/publications/2016-msian-oil-n-gas-industry.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 15 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Malaysian+Oil+and+Gas+Infustry%3A+Challenging+times%2C+but+fundamentals+intact&rft.pub=Price+Waterhouse+Coopers&rft.date=2016-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pwc.com%2Fmy%2Fen%2Fassets%2Fpublications%2F2016-msian-oil-n-gas-industry.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BPMB_2011-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BPMB_2011_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BPMB_2011_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170411100217/http://www.bpmb.com.my/documents/21475/33700/20.pdf/3723eecd-5976-4fd2-9b10-c1375fbdd4cc"><i>Report on Malaysia oil and gas exploration and production</i></a>. Bank Pembangunan (Malaysian Development Bank). 2011. p. 60. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpmb.com.my:80/documents/21475/33700/20.pdf/3723eecd-5976-4fd2-9b10-c1375fbdd4cc">the original</a> on 11 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+on+Malaysia+oil+and+gas+exploration+and+production&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=Bank+Pembangunan+%28Malaysian+Development+Bank%29&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpmb.com.my%3A80%2Fdocuments%2F21475%2F33700%2F20.pdf%2F3723eecd-5976-4fd2-9b10-c1375fbdd4cc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLau2010" class="citation news cs1">Lau, Leslie (14 March 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100314022944/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/55898-ex-sarawak-cm-says-kelantan-has-no-right-to-oil-royalty">"Ex-Sarawak CM says Kelantan has no right to oil royalty"</a>. The Malaysian Insider. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/55898-ex-sarawak-cm-says-kelantan-has-no-right-to-oil-royalty">the original</a> on 14 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ex-Sarawak+CM+says+Kelantan+has+no+right+to+oil+royalty&rft.date=2010-03-14&rft.aulast=Lau&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themalaysianinsider.com%2Findex.php%2Fmalaysia%2F55898-ex-sarawak-cm-says-kelantan-has-no-right-to-oil-royalty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mokhtar_1981-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mokhtar_1981_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMokhtar1981" class="citation book cs1">Mokhtar, Suhaimi (1981). <i>Putera Kenyalang: Satu Dekad Penuh Cabaran (Son of the land of the hornbills, a challenging decade)</i>. Selangor: Penerbitan Pena Sdn Bhd. p. 84.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Putera+Kenyalang%3A+Satu+Dekad+Penuh+Cabaran+%28Son+of+the+land+of+the+hornbills%2C+a+challenging+decade%29&rft.place=Selangor&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=Penerbitan+Pena+Sdn+Bhd&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Mokhtar&rft.aufirst=Suhaimi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ranjit_1986-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ranjit_1986_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ranjit_1986_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ranjit_1986_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRanjit1986" class="citation book cs1">Ranjit, Gill (1986). "19 and 20". <i>Razaleigh: An Unending Quest</i>. Petaling Jaya, Selangor: Pelanduk publication. pp. <span class="nowrap">118–</span>129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/967-978-101-1" title="Special:BookSources/967-978-101-1"><bdi>967-978-101-1</bdi></a>. <q>When Taib became Minister of Land and Mines, he showed considerable interest in the development of this resource, and in his view, there should be a sharing of royalties between the State (i.e. Sarawak) and the federal government.(page 121) ... Tengku Razaleigh visited Datuk Rahman, ... I suggested the formation of a company, not a statutory corporation, which would distribute profits equally between the Federal government and Sarawak in the form of cash payments. He accepted the proposal and I rushed back to Tun Razak with the news. (page 122) ... The proceeds would accrue to Petronas, but 5 percent of the oil revenue thereafter would go to the state, and a similar amount to the Federal government. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20210928-sudan-is-turning-on-former-allies-under-the-pretext-of-fighting-corruption/">the original</a> on 9 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/business/article/petronas-chemicals-shares-open-up-13pc-on-debut/">the original</a> on 5 January 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Petronas+Chemicals+shares+open+up+13pc+on+debut&rft.date=2010-12-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themalaysianinsider.com%2Fbusiness%2Farticle%2Fpetronas-chemicals-shares-open-up-13pc-on-debut%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130304111016/http://www.petronaschemicals.com/index.html">"Petronas Chemicals"</a>. 12 January 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.petronaschemicals.com/index.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Petronas+Chemicals&rft.date=2011-01-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.petronaschemicals.com%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paipartners.com/mediaitem/pai-partners-agrees-sale-of-perstorp-to-petronas-chemicals-group/">"PAI Partners agrees sale of Perstorp to Petronas Chemicals Group"</a>. 17 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PAI+Partners+agrees+sale+of+Perstorp+to+Petronas+Chemicals+Group&rft.date=2022-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.paipartners.com%2Fmediaitem%2Fpai-partners-agrees-sale-of-perstorp-to-petronas-chemicals-group%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canplastics.com/materials/petronas-completes-acquisition-of-swedish-specialty-chemicals-group-perstorp/1003459563/">"Petronas completes acquisition of Swedish specialty chemicals group Perstorp"</a>. <i>Canadian Plastics</i>. 12 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Plastics&rft.atitle=Petronas+completes+acquisition+of+Swedish+specialty+chemicals+group+Perstorp&rft.date=2022-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canplastics.com%2Fmaterials%2Fpetronas-completes-acquisition-of-swedish-specialty-chemicals-group-perstorp%2F1003459563%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101130233536/http://www.mmhe.com.my/Businesses/Pages/default.aspx">"Malaysian Marine & Heavy Engineering Core Business"</a>. 12 January 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mmhe.com.my/Businesses/Pages/default.aspx">the original</a> on 30 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Malaysian+Marine+%26+Heavy+Engineering+Core+Business&rft.date=2011-01-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mmhe.com.my%2FBusinesses%2FPages%2Fdefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/petronas-enilive-euglena-develop-biorefinery-malaysias-pengerang-2024-07-26/">"Petronas, Enilive and Euglena to develop biorefinery in Malaysia's Pengerang"</a>. 26 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Petronas%2C+Enilive+and+Euglena+to+develop+biorefinery+in+Malaysia%27s+Pengerang&rft.date=2024-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fsustainability%2Fclimate-energy%2Fpetronas-enilive-euglena-develop-biorefinery-malaysias-pengerang-2024-07-26%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Petronas_Mercedes-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Petronas_Mercedes_105-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091224101048/http://www.brawngp.com/readstory.asp?bgp=j%C1%AA%C0rZ%7Df">"Official site of the Brawn GP Formula One Team - News"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brawngp.com/readstory.asp?bgp=j%C1%AA%C0rZ%7Df">the original</a> on 24 December 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+site+of+the+Brawn+GP+Formula+One+Team+-+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brawngp.com%2Freadstory.asp%3Fbgp%3Dj%25C1%25AA%25C0rZ%257Df&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.petronas.com/media/press-release/racing-future-mercedes-amgf1-and-petronas-power-towards-two-decades-partnership">"Racing the Future: Mercedes-AMGF1 and PETRONAS Power Towards Two Decades of Partnership and Embrace F1's Sustainable Future"</a>. <i>PETRONAS Global</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PETRONAS+Global&rft.atitle=Racing+the+Future%3A+Mercedes-AMGF1+and+PETRONAS+Power+Towards+Two+Decades+of+Partnership+and+Embrace+F1%27s+Sustainable+Future&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petronas.com%2Fmedia%2Fpress-release%2Fracing-future-mercedes-amgf1-and-petronas-power-towards-two-decades-partnership&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gridoto.com/read/221030120/kolaborasi-yamaha-dan-petronas-dulu-pernah-ada-ini-pembalapnya">"Kolaborasi Yamaha dan Petronas Dulu Pernah Ada, Ini Pembalapnya - GridOto.com"</a>. <i>www.gridoto.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gridoto.com&rft.atitle=Kolaborasi+Yamaha+dan+Petronas+Dulu+Pernah+Ada%2C+Ini+Pembalapnya+-+GridOto.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gridoto.com%2Fread%2F221030120%2Fkolaborasi-yamaha-dan-petronas-dulu-pernah-ada-ini-pembalapnya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2021/05/03/180200715/petronas-pernah-kembangkan-motor-balap-sendiri-untuk-worldsbk">"Petronas Pernah Kembangkan Motor Balap Sendiri untuk WorldSBK"</a>. 3 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Petronas+Pernah+Kembangkan+Motor+Balap+Sendiri+untuk+WorldSBK&rft.date=2021-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fotomotif.kompas.com%2Fread%2F2021%2F05%2F03%2F180200715%2Fpetronas-pernah-kembangkan-motor-balap-sendiri-untuk-worldsbk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetronas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petronas&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Petroleum_industry" title="Template:Petroleum industry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Petroleum_industry" title="Template talk:Petroleum industry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Petroleum_industry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Petroleum industry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Petroleum_industry431" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry" title="Petroleum industry">Petroleum industry</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_energy" title="Primary energy">Primary energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Benchmark_(crude_oil)" title="Benchmark (crude oil)">Benchmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argus_Sour_Crude_Index" title="Argus Sour Crude Index">Argus Sour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonny_Light_oil" title="Bonny Light oil">Bonny Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent_Crude" title="Brent Crude">Brent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubai_Crude" title="Dubai Crude">Dubai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Basket" title="Indian Basket">Indian Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Crude_Price" title="Indonesian Crude Price">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmus-34_Light" title="Isthmus-34 Light">Isthmus-34 Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Crude_Cocktail" title="Japan Crude Cocktail">Japan Cocktail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC_Reference_Basket" title="OPEC Reference Basket">OPEC Reference Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapis_crude" title="Tapis crude">Tapis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urals_oil" title="Urals oil">Urals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Texas_Intermediate" title="West Texas Intermediate">West Texas Intermediate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canadian_Select" title="Western Canadian Select">Western Canadian Select</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Data</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;">Natural gas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_consumption" title="List of countries by natural gas consumption">Consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_production" title="List of countries by natural gas production">Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_proven_reserves" title="List of countries by natural gas proven reserves">Reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_imports" title="List of countries by natural gas imports">Imports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_exports" title="List of countries by natural gas exports">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_prices" title="Natural gas prices">Price</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;">Petroleum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_consumption" title="List of countries by oil consumption">Consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_production" title="List of countries by oil production">Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_proven_oil_reserves" title="List of countries by proven oil reserves">Reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_imports" title="List of countries by oil imports">Imports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_exports" title="List of countries by oil exports">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posted_oil_price" title="Posted oil price">Posted oil price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_of_oil" title="Price of oil">Price</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gasoline_and_diesel_usage_and_pricing" title="Gasoline and diesel usage and pricing">of gasoline and diesel</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon_exploration" title="Hydrocarbon exploration">Exploration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Core_sample" title="Core sample">Core sampling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_geophysics" title="Exploration geophysics">Geophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_asset_modelling" title="Integrated asset modelling">Integrated asset modelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_engineering" title="Petroleum engineering">Petroleum engineering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir_simulation" title="Reservoir simulation">Reservoir simulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir_modeling" title="Reservoir modeling">Reservoir modeling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_geology" title="Petroleum geology">Petroleum geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrophysics" title="Petrophysics">Petrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflection_seismology" title="Reflection seismology">Reflection seismology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seismic_inversion" title="Seismic inversion">Seismic inversion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seismic_source" title="Seismic source">Seismic source</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oil_well" title="Oil well">Drilling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blowout_(well_drilling)" title="Blowout (well drilling)">Blowout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Completion_(oil_and_gas_wells)" title="Completion (oil and gas wells)">Completion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_job" title="Squeeze job">Squeeze job</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differential_sticking" title="Differential sticking">Differential sticking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directional_drilling" title="Directional drilling">Directional drilling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geosteering" title="Geosteering">Geosteering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill_stem_test" title="Drill stem test">Drill stem test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drilling_engineering" title="Drilling engineering">Drilling engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drilling_fluid" title="Drilling fluid">Drilling fluid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drilling_fluid_invasion" title="Drilling fluid invasion">invasion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_circulation" title="Lost circulation">Lost circulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measurement_while_drilling" title="Measurement while drilling">Measurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale_oil_extraction" title="Shale oil extraction">Shale oil extraction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Ljungstr%C3%B6m#Shale_oil_extraction" title="Fredrik Ljungström">Ljungström method</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracer_use_in_the_oil_industry" title="Tracer use in the oil industry">Tracers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underbalanced_drilling" title="Underbalanced drilling">Underbalanced drilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_logging" title="Well logging">Well logging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Extraction_of_petroleum" title="Extraction of petroleum">Production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_fiscal_regime" title="Petroleum fiscal regime">Petroleum fiscal regime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_licensing" title="Petroleum licensing">Concessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_sharing_agreement" title="Production sharing agreement">Production sharing agreements</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_lift" title="Artificial lift">Artificial lift</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_lift" title="Gas lift">Gas lift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpjack" title="Pumpjack">Pumpjack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submersible_pump" title="Submersible pump">Submersible pump (ESP)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Downstream (petroleum industry)">Downstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_oil_recovery" title="Enhanced oil recovery">Enhanced oil recovery (EOR)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_reinjection" title="Gas reinjection">Gas reinjection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_injection_(oil_industry)" title="Steam injection (oil industry)">Steam injection</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midstream" title="Midstream">Midstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_product" title="Petroleum product">Petroleum product</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipeline" title="Pipeline">Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_refinery" title="Oil refinery">Refining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Upstream (petroleum industry)">Upstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_injection_(oil_production)" title="Water injection (oil production)">Water injection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_intervention" title="Well intervention">Well intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree_(oil_well)" title="Christmas tree (oil well)">XT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry" title="History of the petroleum industry">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1967_Oil_Embargo" title="1967 Oil Embargo">1967 Oil Embargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_oil_crisis" title="1979 oil crisis">1979 oil crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980s_oil_glut" title="1980s oil glut">1980s oil glut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_oil_price_shock" title="1990 oil price shock">1990 oil price shock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000s_energy_crisis" title="2000s energy crisis">2000s energy crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_oil_glut" title="2010s oil glut">2010s oil glut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war" title="2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war">2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization_of_oil_supplies" title="Nationalization of oil supplies">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_Exporting_Countries_Forum" title="Gas Exporting Countries Forum">GECF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sisters_(oil_companies)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven Sisters (oil companies)">Seven Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Oil" title="Standard Oil">Standard Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Canada" title="History of the petroleum industry in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_France" title="History of the petroleum industry in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_India" title="History of the oil industry in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Iraq" title="Petroleum industry in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Norway" title="History of the petroleum industry in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_the_United_States" title="History of the petroleum industry in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Venezuelan_oil_industry" title="History of the Venezuelan oil industry">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Provinces<br />and fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_gas_fields" title="List of natural gas fields">List of natural gas fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_fields" title="List of oil fields">List of oil fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Midlands_Oil_Province" title="East Midlands Oil Province">East Midlands Oil Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Texas_Oil_Field" title="East Texas Oil Field">East Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger_Delta#Nigerian_oil" title="Niger Delta">Niger Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sea_oil" title="North Sea oil">North Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permian_Basin_(North_America)" title="Permian Basin (North America)">Permian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudhoe_Bay_Oil_Field" title="Prudhoe Bay Oil Field">Prudhoe Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Russia" title="Oil reserves in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Venezuela" title="Oil reserves in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canadian_Sedimentary_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin">Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_abbreviations_in_oil_and_gas_exploration_and_production" title="List of abbreviations in oil and gas exploration and production">Abbreviations</a></li> <li>Classification <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_crude_oil" title="Sweet crude oil">sweet oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sour_crude_oil" title="Sour crude oil">sour oil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_shale_gas" title="Oil shale gas">Oil shale gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphan_wells" title="Orphan wells">Orphan wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peak_oil" title="Peak oil">Peak oil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel_phase-out" title="Fossil fuel phase-out">fossil fuel phase-out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predicting_the_timing_of_peak_oil" title="Predicting the timing of peak oil">timing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrocurrency" title="Petrocurrency">Petrocurrency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrodollar_recycling" title="Petrodollar recycling">Petrodollar recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrofiction" title="Petrofiction">Petrofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale_band" title="Shale band">Shale band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale_gas" title="Shale gas">Shale gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_producer" title="Swing producer">Swing producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unconventional_(oil_and_gas)_reservoir" title="Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir">Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_crude_oil" title="Heavy crude oil">heavy crude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_sands" title="Oil sands">oil sands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_shale" title="Oil shale">oil shale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tight_oil" title="Tight oil">tight oil</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Companies and<br />organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Major<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_exploration_and_production_companies" title="List of oil exploration and production companies">petroleum<br />companies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Big_Oil" title="Big Oil">Supermajors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eni" title="Eni">Eni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">ExxonMobil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TotalEnergies" title="TotalEnergies">TotalEnergies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/National_oil_company" title="National oil company">National oil<br />companies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi_National_Oil_Company" title="Abu Dhabi National Oil Company">Abu Dhabi National Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANCAP_(Uruguay)" title="ANCAP (Uruguay)">ANCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Petroleum" title="Bharat Petroleum">Bharat Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Offshore_Oil_Corporation" title="China National Offshore Oil Corporation">China National Offshore Oil Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Petroleum_Corporation" title="China National Petroleum Corporation">China National Petroleum Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecopetrol" title="Ecopetrol">Ecopetrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equinor" title="Equinor">Equinor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Petroleum" title="Hindustan Petroleum">Hindustan Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Oil_Corporation" title="Indian Oil Corporation">Indian Oil Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_National_Oil_Company" title="Iraq National Oil Company">Iraq National Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KazMunayGas" title="KazMunayGas">KazMunayGas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Petroleum_Corporation" title="Kuwait Petroleum Corporation">Kuwait Petroleum Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupa_Lotos" title="Grupa Lotos">Lotos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_Oil_Company" title="National Iranian Oil Company">National Iranian Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_South_Oil_Company" title="National Iranian South Oil Company">National Iranian South Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NNPC_Limited" title="NNPC Limited">NNPC Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_%26_Gas_Development_Company" title="Oil & Gas Development Company">Oil & Gas Development Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_and_Natural_Gas_Corporation" title="Oil and Natural Gas Corporation">Oil and Natural Gas Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlen" title="Orlen">Orlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDVSA" title="PDVSA">PDVSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemex" title="Pemex">Pemex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertamina" title="Pertamina">Pertamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrobangla" title="Petrobangla">Petrobangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrobras" title="Petrobras">Petrobras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Petronas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrovietnam" title="Petrovietnam">Petrovietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTT_Public_Company_Limited" title="PTT Public Company Limited">PTT Public Company Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QatarEnergy" title="QatarEnergy">QatarEnergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosneft" title="Rosneft">Rosneft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Aramco" title="Saudi Aramco">Saudi Aramco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec">Sinopec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR">SOCAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonangol_Group" title="Sonangol Group">Sonangol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonatrach" title="Sonatrach">Sonatrach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TPAO" title="TPAO">TPAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YPF" title="YPF">YPF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Energy_trading" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy trading">Energy trading</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enron" title="Enron">Enron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glencore" title="Glencore">Glencore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunvor" title="Gunvor">Gunvor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercuria" title="Mercuria">Mercuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftiran_Intertrade" title="Naftiran Intertrade">Naftiran Intertrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafigura" title="Trafigura">Trafigura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitol" title="Vitol">Vitol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/APA_Corporation" title="APA Corporation">APA Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cenovus_Energy" title="Cenovus Energy">Cenovus Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cepsa" title="Cepsa">Cepsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConocoPhillips" title="ConocoPhillips">ConocoPhillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devon_Energy" title="Devon Energy">Devon Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eneos_Holdings" title="Eneos Holdings">Eneos Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galp_Energia" title="Galp Energia">Galp Energia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hess_Corporation" title="Hess Corporation">Hess Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husky_Energy" title="Husky Energy">Husky Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Oil" title="Imperial Oil">Imperial Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil" title="Lukoil">Lukoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_Oil" title="Marathon Oil">Marathon Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_Petroleum" title="Marathon Petroleum">Marathon Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Petroleum" title="Occidental Petroleum">Occidental Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMV" title="OMV">OMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_66" title="Phillips 66">Phillips 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_Refining_Company" title="Port Harcourt Refining Company">Port Harcourt Refining Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliance_Industries" title="Reliance Industries">Reliance Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repsol" title="Repsol">Repsol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suncor_Energy" title="Suncor Energy">Suncor Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunoco" title="Sunoco">Sunoco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surgutneftegas" title="Surgutneftegas">Surgutneftegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TechnipFMC" title="TechnipFMC">TechnipFMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNK-BP" title="TNK-BP">TNK-BP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullow_Oil" title="Tullow Oil">Tullow Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCpra%C5%9F" title="Tüpraş">Tüpraş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valero_Energy" title="Valero Energy">Valero Energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Major<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_oilfield_service_companies" title="List of oilfield service companies">services<br />companies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amec_Foster_Wheeler" title="Amec Foster Wheeler">Amec Foster Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Hughes" title="Baker Hughes">Baker Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_International" title="Cameron International">Cameron International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGG_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="CGG (company)">CGG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CH2M" title="CH2M">CH2M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bridge_%26_Iron_Company" title="Chicago Bridge & Iron Company">Chicago Bridge & Iron Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Oilfield_Services" title="China Oilfield Services">China Oilfield Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enbridge" title="Enbridge">Enbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_Power" title="GE Power">GE Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halliburton" title="Halliburton">Halliburton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabors_Industries" title="Nabors Industries">Nabors Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftiran_Intertrade" title="Naftiran Intertrade">Naftiran Intertrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOV_Inc." title="NOV Inc.">NOV Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrofac" title="Petrofac">Petrofac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipem" title="Saipem">Saipem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlumberger" title="Schlumberger">Schlumberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snam" title="Snam">Snam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsea_7" title="Subsea 7">Subsea 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC_Energy" title="TC Energy">TC Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transocean" title="Transocean">Transocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valaris_Limited" title="Valaris Limited">Valaris Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weatherford_International" title="Weatherford International">Weatherford International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wood_Group" title="John Wood Group">John Wood Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Petroleum_Institute" title="American Petroleum Institute">American Petroleum Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_petroleum_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian petroleum companies">Canadian petroleum companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Exchange_Futures" title="Intercontinental Exchange Futures">Intercontinental Exchange Futures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Oil_%26_Gas_Producers" title="International Association of Oil & Gas Producers">International Association of Oil & Gas Producers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">International Energy Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Petroleum_Engineers" title="Society of Petroleum Engineers">Society of Petroleum Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Petroleum_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="World Petroleum Council">World Petroleum Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_industry" title="Category:Petroleum industry">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Malaysia&#124;link=Malaysia_Constituents_of_the_FTSE_Bursa_Malaysia_KLCI177" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FTSE_Bursa_Malaysia_KLCI_constituents" title="Template:FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI constituents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FTSE_Bursa_Malaysia_KLCI_constituents" title="Template talk:FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI constituents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:FTSE_Bursa_Malaysia_KLCI_constituents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI constituents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Malaysia&#124;link=Malaysia_Constituents_of_the_FTSE_Bursa_Malaysia_KLCI177" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia"><img alt="Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Constituents of the <a href="/wiki/FTSE_Bursa_Malaysia_KLCI" title="FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI">FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>As of 23 December 2019</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AmBank" title="AmBank">AmBank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axiata" title="Axiata">Axiata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CelcomDigi" title="CelcomDigi">CelcomDigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIMB" title="CIMB">CIMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genting_Group" title="Genting Group">Genting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Leong_Bank" title="Hong Leong Bank">Hong Leong Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IHH_Healthcare" title="IHH Healthcare">IHH Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOI_Group" title="IOI Group">IOI Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_Kepong_Berhad" title="Kuala Lumpur Kepong Berhad">KLK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maybank" title="Maybank">Maybank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airports" title="Malaysia Airports">Malaysia Airports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxis_Communications" title="Maxis Communications">Maxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MISC_Berhad" title="MISC Berhad">MISC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé">Nestlé</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Petronas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PPB_Group" title="PPB Group">PPB Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Bank_Berhad" title="Public Bank Berhad">Public Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHB_Bank" title="RHB Bank">RHB Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sime_Darby" title="Sime Darby">Sime Darby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenaga_Nasional" title="Tenaga Nasional">Tenaga Nasional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Glove" title="Top Glove">Top Glove</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="DJSI_World_companies83" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:DJSI_World" title="Template:DJSI World"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:DJSI_World" title="Template talk:DJSI World"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:DJSI_World" title="Special:EditPage/Template:DJSI World"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="DJSI_World_companies83" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Sustainability_Indices" title="Dow Jones Sustainability Indices">DJSI World</a> companies</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbott_Laboratories" title="Abbott Laboratories">Abbott Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AbbVie" title="AbbVie">AbbVie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Inc">Adobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agilent_Technologies" title="Agilent Technologies">Agilent Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Alphabet Inc">Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Airlines_Group" title="American Airlines Group">American Airlines Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autodesk" title="Autodesk">Autodesk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banco_Bradesco" title="Banco Bradesco">Banco Bradesco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banco_do_Brasil" title="Banco do Brasil">Banco do Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bancolombia" title="Bancolombia">Bancolombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogen" title="Biogen">Biogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_National" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian National">Canadian National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CPKC" class="mw-redirect" title="CPKC">CPKC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisco" title="Cisco">Cisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companhia_Energ%C3%A9tica_de_Minas_Gerais_-_CEMIG" class="mw-redirect" title="Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais - CEMIG">Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais - CEMIG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cummins" title="Cummins">Cummins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CVS_Health_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="CVS Health Corporation">CVS Health Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DaVita" title="DaVita">DaVita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dow_Chemical_Company" title="Dow Chemical Company">Dow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EBay" title="EBay">eBay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecolab" title="Ecolab">Ecolab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwards_Lifesciences_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Edwards Lifesciences Corporation">Edwards Lifesciences Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevance_Health" title="Elevance Health">Elevance Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falabella_(retail_store)" title="Falabella (retail store)">Palabella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortinet" title="Fortinet">Fortinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Mills" title="General Mills">General Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilead_Sciences" title="Gilead Sciences">Gilead Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Argos" title="Grupo Argos">Grupo Argos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Sura" title="Grupo Sura">Grupo Sura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Nutresa" title="Grupo Nutresa">Grupo Nutresa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthpeak_Properties" title="Healthpeak Properties">Healthpeak Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hess_Corporation" title="Hess Corporation">Hess Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilton_Worldwide" title="Hilton Worldwide">Hilton Worldwide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Host_Hotels_%26_Resorts" title="Host Hotels & Resorts">Host Hotels & Resorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="HP Inc">HP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illumina,_Inc." title="Illumina, Inc.">Illumina, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingersoll_Rand" title="Ingersoll Rand">Ingersoll Rand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ita%C3%BA_Unibanco" title="Itaú Unibanco">Itaú Unibanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ita%C3%BAsa" title="Itaúsa">Itaúsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobs_Solutions" title="Jacobs Solutions">Jacobs Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinross_Gold_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinross Gold Corporation">Kinross Gold Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klabin" title="Klabin">Klabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Sands" title="Las Vegas Sands">Las Vegas Sands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lojas_Renner" title="Lojas Renner">Lojas Renner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medtronic" title="Medtronic">Medtronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondelez_International" title="Mondelez International">Mondelez International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moody%27s_Corporation" title="Moody's Corporation">Moody's Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newmont" title="Newmont">Newmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh_Corporation" title="Oshkosh Corporation">Oshkosh Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owens_Corning" title="Owens Corning">Owens Corning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Morris_International" title="Philip Morris International">Philip Morris International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prologis" title="Prologis">Prologis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regeneron_Pharmaceuticals" title="Regeneron Pharmaceuticals">Regeneron Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Services" title="Republic Services">Republic Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumo_Log%C3%ADstica" title="Rumo Logística">Rumo Logística</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%26P_Global" title="S&P Global">S&P Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ServiceNow" title="ServiceNow">ServiceNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snap_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Snap Inc">Snap Inc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociedad_Qu%C3%ADmica_y_Minera" title="Sociedad Química y Minera">Sociedad Química y Minera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_AeroSystems" title="Spirit AeroSystems">Spirit AeroSystems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teck_Resources" title="Teck Resources">Teck Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cigna_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="The Cigna Group">The Cigna Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gap_Inc." title="Gap Inc.">Gap Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Williams_Companies" class="mw-redirect" title="The Williams Companies">The Williams Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Pacific_Corporation" title="Union Pacific Corporation">Union Pacific Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UnitedHealth_Group" title="UnitedHealth Group">UnitedHealth Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_Management,_Inc." title="Waste Management, Inc.">Waste Management, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whirlpool_Corporation" title="Whirlpool Corporation">Whirlpool Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Group" title="Aberdeen Group">Aberdeen Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acciona" title="Acciona">Acciona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AENA" class="mw-redirect" title="AENA">AENA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allianz" title="Allianz">Allianz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeus_IT_Group" title="Amadeus IT Group">Amadeus IT Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo_American_plc" title="Anglo American plc">Anglo American plc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkema" title="Arkema">Arkema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASML_Holding" title="ASML Holding">ASML Holding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASR_Nederland" title="ASR Nederland">ASR Nederland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assicurazioni_Generali_S.p.A." class="mw-redirect" title="Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A.">Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviva" title="Aviva">Aviva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axa" title="Axa">Axa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banco_Bilbao_Vizcaya_Argentaria" title="Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria">Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banco_Santander" title="Banco Santander">Banco Santander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankinter" title="Bankinter">Bankinter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billerud" title="Billerud">Billerud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BioM%C3%A9rieux" title="BioMérieux">bioMérieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BNP_Paribas_SA" class="mw-redirect" title="BNP Paribas SA">BNP Paribas SA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_Veritas" title="Bureau Veritas">Bureau Veritas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CaixaBank" title="CaixaBank">CaixaBank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrefour_SA" class="mw-redirect" title="Carrefour SA">Carrefour SA</a></li> <li>Castellum</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNH_Industrial" title="CNH Industrial">CNH Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola_HBC" title="Coca-Cola HBC">Coca-Cola HBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covivio" title="Covivio">Covivio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassault_Syst%C3%A8mes" title="Dassault Systèmes">Dassault Systèmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_B%C3%B6rse" title="Deutsche Börse">Deutsche Börse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Post" title="Deutsche Post">Deutsche Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Telekom" title="Deutsche Telekom">Deutsche Telekom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diageo" title="Diageo">Diageo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EDP_Group" title="EDP Group">EDP Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enag%C3%A1s" title="Enagás">Enagás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endesa" title="Endesa">Endesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enel_SpA" class="mw-redirect" title="Enel SpA">Enel SpA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engie" title="Engie">Engie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EQT_AB" title="EQT AB">EQT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exxaro" title="Exxaro">Exxaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrovial" title="Ferrovial">Ferrovial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galp_Energia" title="Galp Energia">Galp Energia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GEA_Group" title="GEA Group">GEA Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Fields" title="Gold Fields">Gold Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grifols" title="Grifols">Grifols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%26M" title="H&M">H&M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera_Group" title="Hera Group">Hera Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hochtief" title="Hochtief">Hochtief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Boss" title="Hugo Boss">Hugo Boss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberdrola" title="Iberdrola">Iberdrola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indra_Sistemas" title="Indra Sistemas">Indra Sistemas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inditex" title="Inditex">Inditex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infineon_Technologies" title="Infineon Technologies">Infineon Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informa" title="Informa">Informa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Distributions_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="International Distributions Services">International Distributions Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intesa_Sanpaolo" title="Intesa Sanpaolo">Intesa Sanpaolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italgas" title="Italgas">Italgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iveco" title="Iveco">Iveco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kering" title="Kering">Kering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesko_Oyj" class="mw-redirect" title="Kesko Oyj">Kesko Oyj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahold_Delhaize" title="Ahold Delhaize">Ahold Delhaize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landsec" title="Landsec">Landsec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanxess" title="Lanxess">Lanxess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_(company)" title="Leonardo (company)">Leonardo (company)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linde_plc" title="Linde plc">Linde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_Properties" title="Merlin Properties">Merlin Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_AG" title="Metro AG">Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moncler" title="Moncler">Moncler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchener_R%C3%BCckversicherungs-Gesellschaft_Aktiengesellschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft">Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neste_Oyj" class="mw-redirect" title="Neste Oyj">Neste Oyj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexi" title="Nexi">Nexi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NN_Group" title="NN Group">NN Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMV_Aktiengesellschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="OMV Aktiengesellschaft">OMV Aktiengesellschaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partners_Group" title="Partners Group">Partners Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_plc" title="Pearson plc">Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli">Pirelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poste_Italiane" title="Poste Italiane">Poste Italiane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PostNL" title="PostNL">PostNL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prysmian" class="mw-redirect" title="Prysmian">Prysmian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publicis_Groupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Publicis Groupe">Publicis Groupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randstad_NV" title="Randstad NV">Randstad NV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reckitt_Benckiser_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Reckitt Benckiser Group">Reckitt Benckiser Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_El%C3%A9ctrica_Corporaci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Eléctrica Corporación">Red Eléctrica Corporación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relx" class="mw-redirect" title="Relx">Relx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rexel" title="Rexel">Rexel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roche" title="Roche">Roche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings">Rolls-Royce Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipem" title="Saipem">Saipem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanofi" title="Sanofi">Sanofi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAP" title="SAP">SAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schneider_Electric" title="Schneider Electric">Schneider Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGS_S.A." title="SGS S.A.">SGS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siemens_Aktiengesellschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Siemens Aktiengesellschaft">Siemens Aktiengesellschaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signify_N.V." title="Signify N.V.">Signify</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snam" title="Snam">Snam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodexo" title="Sodexo">Sodexo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonova" title="Sonova">Sonova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STMicroelectronics" title="STMicroelectronics">STMicroelectronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storebrand" title="Storebrand">Storebrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temenos_AG" title="Temenos AG">Temenos AG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terna_Group" title="Terna Group">Terna Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TF1" title="TF1">TF1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TotalEnergies" title="TotalEnergies">TotalEnergies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trane_Technologies" title="Trane Technologies">Trane Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UBS_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="UBS Group">UBS Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Utilities" title="United Utilities">United Utilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UPM-Kymmene_Oyj" class="mw-redirect" title="UPM-Kymmene Oyj">UPM-Kymmene Oyj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmet_Oyj" class="mw-redirect" title="Valmet Oyj">Valmet Oyj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veolia" title="Veolia">Veolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vestas_Wind_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Vestas Wind Systems">Vestas Wind Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaplay_Group" title="Viaplay Group">Viaplay Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_De_Pauw" title="Tony De Pauw">Warehouses De Pauw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendel_(group)" title="Wendel (group)">Wendel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WH_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="WH Smith">WH Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldline_SA" title="Worldline SA">Worldline SA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia Pacific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Info_Service" title="Advanced Info Service">Advanced Info Service</a></li> <li>Advantech Co</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airports_of_Thailand_Public_Company_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Airports of Thailand Public Company Limited">Airports of Thailand Public Company Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajinomoto_Co.,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Ajinomoto Co., Inc.">Ajinomoto Co., Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANA_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="ANA Holdings">ANA Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANZ_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="ANZ Bank">ANZ Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASE_Group" title="ASE Group">ASE Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangkok_Dusit_Medical_Services" title="Bangkok Dusit Medical Services">Bangkok Dusit Medical Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brambles_Limited" title="Brambles Limited">Brambles Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgestone" title="Bridgestone">Bridgestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CapitaLand" title="CapitaLand">CapitaLand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathay_United_Bank" title="Cathay United Bank">Cathay United Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Pattana" title="Central Pattana">Central Pattana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Retail_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Retail Corporation">Central Retail Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HSBC_Bank_(Taiwan)" title="HSBC Bank (Taiwan)">Chailease Holding Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang_Hwa_Bank" title="Chang Hwa Bank">Chang Hwa Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KGI_Financial_Holding" title="KGI Financial Holding">KGI Financial Holding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chugai_Pharmaceutical_Co." title="Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.">Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chunghwa_Telecom_Co.,_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd.">Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP_All" title="CP All">CP All</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CTBC_Financial_Holding" title="CTBC Financial Holding">CTBC Financial Holding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Electronics" title="Delta Electronics">Delta Electronics (Thailand) Public Company Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Electronics" title="Delta Electronics">Delta Electronics</a>, Inc.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dentsu" title="Dentsu">Dentsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexus" title="Dexus">Dexus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doosan_Enerbility" title="Doosan Enerbility">Doosan Enerbility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._Reddy%27s_Laboratories_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited">Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E_Ink" title="E Ink">E Ink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.SUN_Commercial_Bank" title="E.SUN Commercial Bank">E.SUN Commercial Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_EasTone" title="Far EasTone">Far EasTone</a></li> <li>First Financial</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortescue_(company)" title="Fortescue (company)">Fortescue (company)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fubon_Financial_Holding_Co.,_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Fubon Financial Holding Co., Ltd.">Fubon Financial Holding Co., Ltd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPT_Group" title="GPT Group">GPT Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hana_Financial_Group_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Hana Financial Group Inc.">Hana Financial Group Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindalco_Industries" title="Hindalco Industries">Hindalco Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Engineering_%26_Construction" title="Hyundai Engineering & Construction">Hyundai Engineering & Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Glovis" title="Hyundai Glovis">Hyundai Glovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Mobis" title="Hyundai Mobis">Hyundai Mobis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Company" title="Hyundai Motor Company">Hyundai Motor Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Steel" title="Hyundai Steel">Hyundai Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indorama_Ventures_Public_Company_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Indorama Ventures Public Company Limited">Indorama Ventures Public Company Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InnoLux_Corporation" title="InnoLux Corporation">InnoLux Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITOCHU_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="ITOCHU Corporation">ITOCHU Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD.com" title="JD.com">JD.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSW_Steel" title="JSW Steel">JSW Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakao_Corp." class="mw-redirect" title="Kakao Corp.">Kakao Corp.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanzhun_Limited" title="Kanzhun Limited">Kanzhun Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasikornbank" title="Kasikornbank">Kasikornbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KB_Financial_Group" title="KB Financial Group">KB Financial Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keppel_Corporation_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Keppel Corporation Limited">Keppel Corporation Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kia_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Kia Corporation">Kia Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komatsu_Limited" title="Komatsu Limited">Komatsu Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LG_Electronics" title="LG Electronics">LG Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LG_Household_%26_Health_Care" title="LG Household & Health Care">LG Household & Health Care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_Real_Estate_Investment_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Link Real Estate Investment Trust">Link Real Estate Investment Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lite-On" title="Lite-On">Lite-On</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lixil_Group" title="Lixil Group">Lixil Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY_Corporation" title="LY Corporation">LY Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahindra_%26_Mahindra_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahindra & Mahindra Limited">Mahindra & Mahindra Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marui" title="Marui">Marui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mega_International_Commercial_Bank" title="Mega International Commercial Bank">Mega International Commercial Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meiji_Holdings" title="Meiji Holdings">Meiji Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirae_Asset_Securities" title="Mirae Asset Securities">Mirae Asset Securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Chemical_Group" title="Mitsubishi Chemical Group">Mitsubishi Chemical Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Heavy_Industries" title="Mitsubishi Heavy Industries">Mitsubishi Heavy Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsui_%26_Co" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsui & Co">Mitsui & Co</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabtesco_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabtesco Corporation">Nabtesco Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanya_Technology_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanya Technology Corporation">Nanya Technology Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Australia_Bank_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="National Australia Bank Limited">National Australia Bank Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikon_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikon Corporation">Nikon Corporation</a></li> <li>Nippon <a href="/wiki/Prologis" title="Prologis">Prologis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissin_Foods" title="Nissin Foods">Nissin Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomura_Holdings" title="Nomura Holdings">Nomura Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomura_Research_Institute" title="Nomura Research Institute">Nomura Research Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTT_Data" title="NTT Data">NTT Data</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympus_Corporation" title="Olympus Corporation">Olympus Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMRON_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="OMRON Corporation">OMRON Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ono_Pharmaceutical" title="Ono Pharmaceutical">Ono Pharmaceutical</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Petronas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uni-President_Enterprises_Corporation" title="Uni-President Enterprises Corporation">President Chain Store Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTT_Exploration_and_Production" title="PTT Exploration and Production">PTT Exploration and Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTT_Global_Chemical" title="PTT Global Chemical">PTT Global Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTT_Public_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="PTT Public Company">PTT Public Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricoh" title="Ricoh">Ricoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Biologics" title="Samsung Biologics">Samsung Biologics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_C%26T_Corporation" title="Samsung C&T Corporation">Samsung C&T Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Electro-Mechanics" title="Samsung Electro-Mechanics">Samsung Electro-Mechanics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_SDI" title="Samsung SDI">Samsung SDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Securities" title="Samsung Securities">Samsung Securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sands_China" title="Sands China">Sands China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siam_Commercial_Bank" title="Siam Commercial Bank">Siam Commercial Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekisui_Chemical" title="Sekisui Chemical">Sekisui Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekisui_House" title="Sekisui House">Sekisui House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_%26_I_Holdings" title="Seven & I Holdings">Seven & I Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin_Kong_Group" title="Shin Kong Group">Shin Kong Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinhan_Financial_Group" title="Shinhan Financial Group">Shinhan Financial Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiseido" title="Shiseido">Shiseido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siam_Cement_Group" title="Siam Cement Group">Siam Cement Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_SinoPac" title="Bank SinoPac">Bank SinoPac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK_Inc." title="SK Inc.">SK Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK_Telecom" title="SK Telecom">SK Telecom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoftBank_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="SoftBank Corporation">SoftBank Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-Oil" title="S-Oil">S-Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sojitz_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sojitz Corporation">Sojitz Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockland" title="Stockland">Stockland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumitomo_Forestry" title="Sumitomo Forestry">Sumitomo Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swire_Properties" title="Swire Properties">Swire Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sysmex_Corporation" title="Sysmex Corporation">Sysmex 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