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Mean annual rainfall and temperature, measured in a network of meteorological stations from 2002 to 06, were 216 mm and 28.9 C. Combined with cloud cover information from satellite images, this data provides clear ideas on inter-and intra-annual variability. Precipitation derived from the northeast (NE) winter monsoon influences especially the NE plateaus and windward side of the Haggeher Mountains because of orographic effects. The southwest (SW) summer monsoon concentrates at the southern half of the island and generally produces less rainfall. During the SW summer monsoon, clouds cover the highlands and plateaus south of the Haggeher Mountains, creating fog. Preliminary measurements suggest that at higher altitudes, fogderived moisture may constitute up to two-thirds of total moisture, amounting up to 800 mm. The predominant SW aspect of the enigmatic dragonblood tree underlines the importance of fog. Long-term weather observations by Socotri put these short-term meteorological observations into a longer perspective. Socotri informants also described the drought years when livestock populations crashed, after which windows of opportunities for the regeneration of dragonblood and other grazing-sensitive trees may have occurred.","publication_date":"2010,,","publication_name":"Journal of Arid Environments","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"35708208"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"The climate of Socotra Island (Yemen): A first-time assessment of the timing of the monsoon wind reversal and its influence on precipitation and vegetation patterns","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [11479387,24338863]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; 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class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/11479387/6062524/6875928/s65_peter.de_geest.jpg" />Peter De Geest</a><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="24338863" href="https://independent.academia.edu/paulscholte"><img alt="Profile image of paul scholte" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/24338863/171876130/161873522/s65_paul.scholte.png" />paul scholte</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2010, Journal of Arid Environments</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" 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data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/6862931/The_climate_of_Socotra_Island_Yemen_A_first-time_assessment_of_the_timing_of_the_monsoon_wind_reversal_and_its_influence_on_precipitation_and_vegetation_patterns" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="9474789" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9474789/Mid_to_late_Holocene_Indian_Ocean_Monsoon_variability_recorded_in_four_speleothems_from_Socotra_Island_Yemen">Mid- to late Holocene Indian Ocean Monsoon variability recorded in four speleothems from Socotra Island, Yemen</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11479387" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PeterDeGeest">Peter De Geest</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="496615" href="https://vub.academia.edu/DavidDeVleeschouwer">David De Vleeschouwer</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="376101" href="https://unibasel.academia.edu/DominikFleitmann">Dominik Fleitmann</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8495385" href="https://naturalsciences-be.academia.edu/sophieverheyden">sophie verheyden</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34913174" href="https://vubirelec.academia.edu/PhilippeClaeys">Philippe Claeys</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="23453374" href="https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/AlbertMatter">Albert Matter</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Quaternary Science Reviews, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Four stalagmites covering the last 7.0 ka were sampled on Socotra, an island in the northern Indian Ocean to investigate the evolution of the northeast Indian Ocean Monsoon (IOM) since the mid Holocene. On Socotra, rain is delivered at the start of the southwest IOM in MayeJune and at the start of the northeast IOM from September to December. The Haggeher Mountains act as a barrier forcing precipitation brought by the northeast winds to fall preferentially on the eastern side of the island, where the studied caves are located. d18O and d13C and Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca signals in the stalagmites re!ect precipitation amounts brought by the northeast winds. For stalagmite STM6, this amount effect is ampli"ed by kinetic effects during calcite deposition. Combined interpretation of the stalagmites’ signals suggest a weakening of the northeast precipitation between 6.0 and 3.8 ka. After 3.8 ka precipitation intensities remain constant with two superimposed drier periods, between 0 and 0.6 ka and from 2.2 to 3.8 ka. No link can be established with Greenland ice cores and with the summer IOM variability. 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Scienze Fisiche e Naturali, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Land productivity dynamics in Socotra Island (Yemen)","attachmentId":103666769,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103742940/Land_productivity_dynamics_in_Socotra_Island_Yemen_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/103742940/Land_productivity_dynamics_in_Socotra_Island_Yemen_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="43894890" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43894890/Twenty_years_of_biodiversity_research_and_nature_conservation_in_the_Socotra_Archipelago_Yemen">Twenty years of biodiversity research and nature conservation in the Socotra Archipelago (Yemen</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6297735" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/FabioAttorre">Fabio Attorre</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Rendiconti Lincei, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The topical collection ‘Twenty years of biodiversity research and nature conservation in the Socotra Archipelago’, in short ‘Socotra biodiversity research and nature conservation’ was conceived at the 18th Friends of Socotra annual meeting and Socotra conference which took place at the Orto Botanico di Palermo, Palermo, Italy, 26–29 September, 2019. In total, 13 research papers are included in the collection, which covers a selection of the latest scientific progress on the fauna and flora of the terrestrial and aquatic environments of the Socotra Archipelago UNESCO World Heritage Site (Yemen). Topics include conservation, taxonomy, ecology, biology and biogeography. The focus is mainly on biodiversity conservation and aimed at identifying current challenges, trends and processes that may impact on local ecosystems and livelihoods, based on analysis of data collected over the last decades. With this collection, we wish to emphasise the importance of taking into account science-based conservation approaches in future strategic steps towards safeguarding the ecosystems of Socotra.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Twenty years of biodiversity research and nature conservation in the Socotra Archipelago (Yemen","attachmentId":64218156,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43894890/Twenty_years_of_biodiversity_research_and_nature_conservation_in_the_Socotra_Archipelago_Yemen","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43894890/Twenty_years_of_biodiversity_research_and_nature_conservation_in_the_Socotra_Archipelago_Yemen"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="6209226" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6209226/Vegetation_mapping_from_high_resolution_satellite_images_in_the_heterogeneous_arid_environments_of_Socotra_Island_Yemen_Vegetation_mapping_from_high_resolution_satellite_images_in_the_heterogeneous_arid_environments_of_Socotra_Island_Yemen_">Vegetation mapping from high-resolution satellite images in the heterogeneous arid environments of Socotra Island (Yemen) Vegetation mapping from high-resolution satellite images in the heterogeneous arid environments of Socotra Island (Yemen)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9506315" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/LucaMalatesta">Luca Malatesta</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32122311" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/MarcelloVitale">Marcello Vitale</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="24338863" href="https://independent.academia.edu/paulscholte">paul scholte</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Socotra Island (Yemen), a global biodiversity hotspot, is characterized by high geo- morphological and biological diversity. In this study, we present a high-resolution vegetation map of the island based on combining vegetation analysis and classification with remote sensing. Two different image classification approaches were tested to assess the most accurate one in mapping the vegetation mosaic of Socotra. Spectral signatures of the vegetation classes were obtained through a Gaussian mixture distribution model, and a sequential maximum a posteriori (SMAP) classification was applied to account for the heterogeneity and the complex spatial pattern of the arid vegetation. This approach was compared to the traditional maximum like- lihood (ML) classification. Satellite data were represented by a RapidEye image with 5 m pixel resolution and five spectral bands. Classified vegetation relevés were used to obtain the training and evaluation sets for the main plant communities. Postclassification sorting was performed to adjust the classification through various rule-based operations. Twenty- eight classes were mapped, and SMAP, with an accuracy of 87%, proved to be more effective than ML (accuracy: 66%). The resulting map will represent an important instrument for the elaboration of conservation strategies and the sustainable use of natural resources in the island.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Vegetation mapping from high-resolution satellite images in the heterogeneous arid environments of Socotra Island (Yemen) Vegetation mapping from high-resolution satellite images in the heterogeneous arid environments of Socotra Island (Yemen)","attachmentId":33082633,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6209226/Vegetation_mapping_from_high_resolution_satellite_images_in_the_heterogeneous_arid_environments_of_Socotra_Island_Yemen_Vegetation_mapping_from_high_resolution_satellite_images_in_the_heterogeneous_arid_environments_of_Socotra_Island_Yemen_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6209226/Vegetation_mapping_from_high_resolution_satellite_images_in_the_heterogeneous_arid_environments_of_Socotra_Island_Yemen_Vegetation_mapping_from_high_resolution_satellite_images_in_the_heterogeneous_arid_environments_of_Socotra_Island_Yemen_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="23612969" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23612969/VEGETATION_COVER_OF_THE_NORTHERN_PART_OF_AL_MAHARA_BLOCK_29_YEMEN">VEGETATION COVER OF THE NORTHERN PART OF AL MAHARA (BLOCK 29), YEMEN</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2990058" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AbdulAlKhulaidi">Abdul Wali AlKhulaidi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This study was conducted for the Austria mineral oil administration (OMV) oil company as part of a social, environmental and vegetation impact assessment study in block 29. he contract between Oxania and OMV allows the authors to publish this data. The vegetation of the study area has never been systematically studied or surveyed by botanists. The study area lies in the northern part of Al Mahara Governorate, Yemen (Hat and Rumah districts) and close to the Oman border with Yemen. The Braun-Blanquette approach was used for both the classification and data collection of vegetation. ARC-GIS was used to generate the topography, the plant richness, the plant density and the important plant areas maps of the study area. The study revealed sixty-six plant species, out of which one is endemic and six are near-endemic. The most common plant species are Acacia tortilis, Ziziphus leucodermis, Tephrosia apollinea, Heliotropium fartakense, Iphiona scabra, Pulicaria undulata, Rhazya stricta and Tetraena alba. Within the study area, the vegetation of the northern desert sandy areas is very poor and dominated by Dipterygium glaucum. The vegetation of the central hills consists mainly of communities dominated by Acacia mellifera. While the vegetation in drainage lines that penetrate the hills is denser and dominated by Cleome droserifolia. The vegetation in the main wadis consists of woodland with trees like Acacia tortilis, Ziziphus leucodermis and scattered shrubs like Rhazya stricta and Tephrosia apollinea. The vegetation of the plateau to the south is poor with sparse cover of herbs, mainly Tetraena alba, Tetraena decumbens, Rhazya stricta with scattered trees of Acacia tortilis. Quite significant vegetation cover is found on depressions and drainage lines that cut the plateau, in these areas a dense cover of vegetation dominated by Acacia hamulosa with Stipagrostis hirtigluma and others can be seen.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"VEGETATION COVER OF THE NORTHERN PART OF AL MAHARA (BLOCK 29), YEMEN","attachmentId":44029442,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23612969/VEGETATION_COVER_OF_THE_NORTHERN_PART_OF_AL_MAHARA_BLOCK_29_YEMEN","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23612969/VEGETATION_COVER_OF_THE_NORTHERN_PART_OF_AL_MAHARA_BLOCK_29_YEMEN"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="68613764" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68613764/Will_dragonblood_survive_the_next_period_of_climate_change_Current_and_future_potential_distribution_of_Dracaena_cinnabari_Socotra_Yemen_">Will dragonblood survive the next period of climate change? Current and future potential distribution of Dracaena cinnabari (Socotra, Yemen)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="81319434" href="https://wwwuniroma1.academia.edu/FrancoBruno">Franco Bruno</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Biological Conservation, 2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Will dragonblood survive the next period of climate change? Current and future potential distribution of Dracaena cinnabari (Socotra, Yemen)","attachmentId":79035442,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68613764/Will_dragonblood_survive_the_next_period_of_climate_change_Current_and_future_potential_distribution_of_Dracaena_cinnabari_Socotra_Yemen_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/68613764/Will_dragonblood_survive_the_next_period_of_climate_change_Current_and_future_potential_distribution_of_Dracaena_cinnabari_Socotra_Yemen_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="3556644" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3556644/Vegetational_patterns_within_coastal_salines_in_southern_Yemen">Vegetational patterns within coastal salines in southern Yemen</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4223956" href="https://aden-univ.academia.edu/NasserAlGifri">Nasser Al-Gifri</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Feddes Repertorium, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">For the first time, the species diversity and zonation of coastal dunes and littoral salt marshes of the extensive coastal belt of southern Arabia is analyzed by means of two transects (Aden/Madinat as-Shab; al-Mukalla/Feleq). The vegetation analysis results five (Aeluropus lagopoides-, Halopeplis perfoliata-, Halopyrum mucronatum-, Sevada schimperi-association, and one rest group – Aden transect) respectively seven (Anabasis ehrenbergii-, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum-, Cyperus conglomeratus-, Stipagrostis paradisea-, Urochondra setulosa-Arthrocnemum macrostachyum-, Urochondra setulosa-association, and one rest group – Feleq transect) homogenous ecological groups, which form clearly defined belts following a strong edaphical gradient. While the associations in the vicinity of Aden are in good accordance with those, reported from the coasts of the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf, three new associations, partly rich in endemics are reported from the southern coast of Hadramout (Feleq transect). Due to the plantgeographical relationships of the taxa (Eritreo-Arabian chorotype), they are strongly related to the coasts of NE Africa. In addition, Coelachyrum piercei is reported as new to the flora of Yemen, closing herewith a gap in the distribution pattern of this Omano-Makranian taxon.All taxa were examined with respect to their photosynthetic pathway type (Kranz syndrome, δ13C-values) to clarify, if there is a correlation between the distribution of C3-/C4-plants and the ecological requirements of the halophytes. It turned out, that hygrohalophytes and oligohaline, xerix associations are dominated by C3-plants, whereas C4-plants are typical of xerohalophytic associations and those, showing an intermediate position with respect to soil salinity and available water.Mit Hilfe von zwei Beispieltransekten aus der Umgebung von Aden (Madinat as-Shab) und al-Mukalla (Feleq) wird erstmals die Artenzusammensetzung und Zonierung der Küstendünen und Salzpflanzenfluren der ausgedehnten Südküste der Arabischen Halbinsel dokumentiert. Die dabei durchgeführte Vegetationsanalyse erbrachte f–nf (Aeluropus lagopoides-, Halopeplis perfoliata-, Halopyrum mucronatum-, Sevada schimperi-Assoziierung und eine Restgruppe im Aden-Transekt) bzw. sieben (Anabasis ehrenbergii-, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum-, Cyperus conglomeratus-, Stipagrostis paradisea-, Urochondra setulosa-Arthrocnemum macrostachyum-, Urochondra setulosa-Assoziierung und eine Restgruppe im Feleq-Transekt) in sich homogene Standortgruppen, die in Abhängigkeit von Salz- und Feuchtigkeitsgradienten zoniert auftreten. Während die Assoziierungen in der Umgebung von Aden mit den bereits untersuchten von den Küsten des Roten Meeres und des Persisch-Arabischen Golfes übereinstimmen, werden von der Südküste Hadramauts drei neue, z. T. endemitenreiche Assoziierungen vorgestellt, die aufgrund ihrer florengenetischen Beziehungen sehr stark zu den Küsten NO-Afrikas vermitteln (eritreo-arabisches Florenelement). Erstmals wird auch Coelachyrum piercei für den Yemen nachgewiesen und damit die Areallücke dieser omanisch-makranischen Sippe geschlossen.Zusätzlich wurden alle Arten auf ihren Photosyntheseweg hin untersucht (Kranzsyndrom, δ13C-Werte) um zu klären, ob ein Zusammenhang zwischen Photosynthesetyp (C3-/C4-Pflanzen) und der ökologischen Verbreitung der Halophyten besteht. Dabei zeigte sich, daß hygrohalophytische und oligohaline, xerische Assoziierungen von C3-Arten dominiert werden, wohingegen C4-Arten typisch für xerohalophytische Assoziierungen sind oder solche, die eine intermediäre Stellung in Bezug auf Bodensalinität und Feuchtigkeit einnehmen.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Vegetational patterns within coastal salines in southern Yemen","attachmentId":50232031,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3556644/Vegetational_patterns_within_coastal_salines_in_southern_Yemen","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3556644/Vegetational_patterns_within_coastal_salines_in_southern_Yemen"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":35708208,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":35708208,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_35708208" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="29145286" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29145286/When_conservation_precedes_development_A_case_study_of_the_opening_up_of_the_Socotra_archipelago_Yemen">When conservation precedes development: A case study of the opening up of the Socotra archipelago, Yemen</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="24338863" href="https://independent.academia.edu/paulscholte">paul scholte</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"When conservation precedes development: A case study of the opening up of the Socotra archipelago, Yemen","attachmentId":49591768,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29145286/When_conservation_precedes_development_A_case_study_of_the_opening_up_of_the_Socotra_archipelago_Yemen","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29145286/When_conservation_precedes_development_A_case_study_of_the_opening_up_of_the_Socotra_archipelago_Yemen"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="10175007" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10175007/Environmental_and_human_determinates_of_vegetation_distribution_in_the_Hadhramaut_region_Republic_of_Yemen">Environmental and human determinates of vegetation distribution in the Hadhramaut region, Republic of Yemen</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2990058" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AbdulAlKhulaidi">Abdul Wali AlKhulaidi</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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