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<span>Beliefs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beliefs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ministry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ministry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ministry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ministry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Colleges and universities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conservative_Mennonite_denominations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conservative_Mennonite_denominations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Conservative Mennonite denominations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Conservative_Mennonite_denominations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Conservative Mennonite denominations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Conservative_Mennonite_denominations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-North_America_and_South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America_and_South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>North America and South America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America_and_South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-England_and_Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#England_and_Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>England and Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-England_and_Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intermediate_and_Moderate_Conservative_Mennonite_groupings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intermediate_and_Moderate_Conservative_Mennonite_groupings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Intermediate and Moderate Conservative Mennonite groupings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intermediate_and_Moderate_Conservative_Mennonite_groupings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Publishing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" 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Mennonite</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Conservative Mennonite or Anabaptists</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 24em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;">Conservative Mennonites</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Classification</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anabaptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptist">Anabaptist</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Orientation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Mennonite">Mennonite</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data">1956 <br /><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, Canada; <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, United States</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="width:16.0em;border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#EEDC82;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Anabaptism" title="Category:Anabaptism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#EEDC82;"><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Dirk.willems.rescue.ncs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A 1685 illustration by Jan Luyken, published in Martyrs Mirror, of Dirk Willems saving his pursuer, an act of mercy that led to his recapture, after which he was burned at the stake near Asperen in the present-day Netherlands"><img alt="A 1685 illustration by Jan Luyken, published in Martyrs Mirror, of Dirk Willems saving his pursuer, an act of mercy that led to his recapture, after which he was burned at the stake near Asperen in the present-day Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Dirk.willems.rescue.ncs.jpg/220px-Dirk.willems.rescue.ncs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Dirk.willems.rescue.ncs.jpg/330px-Dirk.willems.rescue.ncs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Dirk.willems.rescue.ncs.jpg/440px-Dirk.willems.rescue.ncs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6594" data-file-height="5283" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption">A 1685 illustration by <a href="/wiki/Jan_Luyken" title="Jan Luyken">Jan Luyken</a>, published in <i><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_Mirror" title="Martyrs Mirror">Martyrs Mirror</a></i>, of <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Willems" title="Dirk Willems">Dirk Willems</a> saving his pursuer, an act of mercy that led to his recapture, after which he was burned at the stake near <a href="/wiki/Asperen" title="Asperen">Asperen</a> in the present-day <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#EEDC82;;background:#EEDC82;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)">Background</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color: #FFFFE0; border:2px solid #FFFFE0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Reformation" title="Radical Reformation">Radical Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#EEDC82;;background:#EEDC82;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)">Doctrines and practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color: #FFFFE0; border:2px solid #FFFFE0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptist_theology" title="Anabaptist theology">Theology of Anabaptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Believer%27s_baptism" title="Believer's baptism">Believer's baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agape_feast" title="Agape feast">Lovefeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonconformity_to_the_world" title="Nonconformity to the world">Nonconformity to the world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonresistance" title="Nonresistance">Nonresistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_will" title="Free will">Free will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_of_all_believers" title="Priesthood of all believers">Priesthood of all believers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maundy_(foot_washing)" title="Maundy (foot washing)">Foot washing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiss of peace">Holy kiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plain_dress" title="Plain dress">Plain dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunning" title="Shunning">Shunning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_living" title="Simple living">Simple living</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#EEDC82;;background:#EEDC82;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)">Documents</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color: #FFFFE0; border:2px solid #FFFFE0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schleitheim_Confession" title="Schleitheim Confession">Schleitheim Confession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dordrecht_Confession_of_Faith" title="Dordrecht Confession of Faith">Dordrecht Confession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ausbund" title="Ausbund">Ausbund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_Mirror" title="Martyrs Mirror">Martyrs Mirror</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#EEDC82;;background:#EEDC82;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)">Key people</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color: #FFFFE0; border:2px solid #FFFFE0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Blaurock" title="George Blaurock">George Blaurock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Denck" title="Hans Denck">Hans Denck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Grebel" title="Conrad Grebel">Conrad Grebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchior_Hoffman" title="Melchior Hoffman">Melchior Hoffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balthasar_Hubmaier" title="Balthasar Hubmaier">Balthasar Hubmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Hut" title="Hans Hut">Hans Hut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Hutter" title="Jakob Hutter">Jakob Hutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mack" title="Alexander Mack">Alexander Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Manz" title="Felix Manz">Felix Manz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilgram_Marpeck" title="Pilgram Marpeck">Pilgram Marpeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchior_Rink" title="Melchior Rink">Melchior Rink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Sattler" title="Michael Sattler">Michael Sattler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menno_Simons" title="Menno Simons">Menno Simons</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#EEDC82;;background:#EEDC82;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)">Largest groups</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color: #FFFFE0; border:2px solid #FFFFE0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Christian_Church" title="Apostolic Christian Church">Apostolic Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brethren_in_Christ_Church" title="Brethren in Christ Church">Brethren in Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruderhof_Communities" title="Bruderhof Communities">Bruderhof</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Conservative Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutterites" title="Hutterites">Hutterites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonite_World_Conference" title="Mennonite World Conference">Mennonite World Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonites" title="Mennonites">Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonite_Brethren_Church" title="Mennonite Brethren Church">Mennonite Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Colony_Mennonites" title="Old Colony Mennonites">Old Colony Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Order_Mennonite" title="Old Order Mennonite">Old Order Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Brethren" title="River Brethren">River Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Mennonite">Russian Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwarzenau_Brethren" title="Schwarzenau Brethren">Schwarzenau Brethren</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#EEDC82;;background:#EEDC82;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)">Related movements</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color: #FFFFE0; border:2px solid #FFFFE0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schwenkfelder_Church" title="Schwenkfelder Church">Schwenkfelders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietism" title="Pietism">Pietism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Pietism" title="Radical Pietism">Radical Pietism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_True_Inspiration" title="Community of True Inspiration">Inspirationalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Anabaptism" title="Neo-Anabaptism">Neo-Anabaptism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anabaptist_vertical" title="Template:Anabaptist vertical"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anabaptist_vertical" title="Template talk:Anabaptist vertical"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anabaptist_vertical" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anabaptist vertical"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Conservative Mennonites</b> include numerous <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Anabaptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative Anabaptist">Conservative Anabaptist</a> groups that identify with the theologically conservative element among <a href="/wiki/Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Mennonite">Mennonite</a> <a href="/wiki/Anabaptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptist">Anabaptist</a> Christian fellowships, but who are not <a href="/wiki/Old_Order_Mennonite" title="Old Order Mennonite">Old Order</a> groups or mainline denominations.<sup id="cite_ref-Myers_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Myers-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conservative Mennonites adhere to <a href="/wiki/Anabaptist_doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptist doctrine">Anabaptist doctrine</a> as contained in the <a href="/wiki/Schleitheim_Confession" title="Schleitheim Confession">Schleitheim Confession</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dordrecht_Confession" class="mw-redirect" title="Dordrecht Confession">Dordrecht Confession</a>, with <i>Doctrines of the Bible</i> compiled by Mennonite bishop Daniel Kauffman being used for catechesis.<sup id="cite_ref-1996Scott_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1996Scott-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wenger2000_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wenger2000-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ordinance_(Christianity)" title="Ordinance (Christianity)">Seven Ordinances</a> are observed in Conservative Mennonite churches, which include "<a href="/wiki/Believer%27s_baptism" title="Believer's baptism">baptism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">communion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Footwashing" class="mw-redirect" title="Footwashing">footwashing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_marriage" title="Christian views on marriage">marriage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_sick" title="Anointing of the sick">anointing with oil</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_kiss" title="Holy kiss">holy kiss</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Christian_head_covering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian head covering">prayer covering</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-Hartzler2013_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartzler2013-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conservative Mennonites have <a href="/wiki/Sunday_school" title="Sunday school">Sunday school</a>, hold <a href="/wiki/Revival_meeting" title="Revival meeting">revival meetings</a>, and operate their own <a href="/wiki/Christian_schools" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian schools">Christian schools</a>/<a href="/wiki/Parochial_school" title="Parochial school">parochial schools</a>. Additionally, Conservative Mennonite fellowships are highly engaged in <a href="/wiki/Evangelism" title="Evangelism">evangelism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">missionary work</a>; a 1993 report showed that Conservative Anabaptist denominations (such as Conservative Mennonites and the <a href="/wiki/Dunkard_Brethren_Church" title="Dunkard Brethren Church">Dunkard Brethren Church</a>) in general grew by fifty percent overall within the previous fifteen years.<sup id="cite_ref-Myers_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Myers-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A directory of Conservative Mennonite denominations called Pilgrim Ministry is maintained by the Pilgrim Mennonite Conference.<sup id="cite_ref-PMC2022_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMC2022-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many adherents of Conservative Mennonite churches historically have an Amish background, in addition to a number of congregations with a formerly mainstream Mennonite background, who then left to form or join Conservative Mennonite fellowships. Other members of Conservative Mennonite churches have joined those congregations from other religious or nonreligious backgrounds due to responding to Conservative Mennonite <a href="/wiki/Evangelism" title="Evangelism">evangelism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Intercourse1996_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Intercourse1996-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Preheim2018_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preheim2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former emerged mostly from the middle group between the Old Order Amish and <a href="/wiki/Amish_Mennonite" title="Amish Mennonite">Amish Mennonites</a>. For more, see <a href="/wiki/Amish_Mennonite#Division_1850.E2.80.931878" title="Amish Mennonite">Amish Mennonite: Division 1850–1878</a> from the Old Order Amish.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The so-called Conservative Mennonite Conference (now called the <a href="/wiki/Rosedale_Network_of_Churches" title="Rosedale Network of Churches">Rosedale Network of Churches</a>), was founded as the Conservative Amish Mennonite Conference in 1910 but dropped the word "Amish" in 1954. In the 1950 they were joined by conservative withdrawals from the mainstream Mennonites.<sup id="cite_ref-Intercourse1996_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Intercourse1996-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "The first of these conservative withdrawals from the Mennonite Church occurred in the 1950s, and they continued in the 1990s. Many independent single congregations developed from this exodus."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Independently and almost simultaneously, conservative minorities in widely scattered regional Conferences of the Mennonite Church came to the point where they had had enough of what they considered compromise and apostasy. They were disenchanted with the Conference structure and its failure to deal with drift. They decided to launch out on their own."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginning in late 1958 through 1960 a large number of individuals and congregations withdrew from various Mennonite Conferences, forming congregationally governed or independent Mennonite congregations. These later informally began what is called the <i>Nationwide Fellowship Churches</i>. In Ontario a group formed what is called the <i>Conservative Mennonite Churches of Ontario</i> or CMCO. These individuals and congregations felt that the mainstream Mennonite churches were no longer holding to the traditional and conservative values of the Mennonite Anabaptist tradition. </p><p>Many Conservative Mennonites departed from the so-called Conservative Mennonite Conference itself as it voted in 1998 to not uphold the traditional Anabaptist practice of <a href="/wiki/Christian_headcovering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian headcovering">headcovering</a> among women; they formed the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Mennonite_Alliance" title="Biblical Mennonite Alliance">Biblical Mennonite Alliance</a> in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-Kraybill2010_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kraybill2010-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservative Mennonites from other backgrounds also joined the Biblical Mennonite Alliance, which continues to encourage veiling.<sup id="cite_ref-Kraybill2010_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kraybill2010-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mennonite_Christian_Fellowship" title="Mennonite Christian Fellowship">Mennonite Christian Fellowship</a> emerged in the 20th century to conserve the traditional standards of <a href="/wiki/Plain_dress" title="Plain dress">plain dress</a>, headcovering, and <a href="/wiki/Nonconformity_to_the_world" title="Nonconformity to the world">nonconformity to the world</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Scott1996_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scott1996-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Epp2013_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Epp2013-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to a <a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo" title="University of Waterloo">University of Waterloo</a> report, "of the estimated 59,000 Mennonites in Ontario, only about twenty percent are members of conservative groups".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Pilgrim Mennonite Conference maintains a directory of Conservative Mennonite fellowships and congregations, which is known as the Pilgrim Ministry.<sup id="cite_ref-PMC2022_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMC2022-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beliefs">Beliefs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Beliefs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Anabaptist_doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptist doctrine">Anabaptist doctrine</a></div> <p>These are sometimes referred to as Distinctives: </p> <ul><li>Authority of the Scriptures</li> <li>Their view of Christ</li> <li>Distinctive view of the Christian</li> <li>High view of the Church including discipline</li> <li>The two kingdom concept</li> <li>Liberty of conscience</li> <li>Voluntary Church membership</li> <li>Belief in free will (closely associated with <a href="/wiki/Arminianism" title="Arminianism">Arminianism</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> tradition). (See also <a href="/wiki/Free_will_in_theology" title="Free will in theology">Free will in theology</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Believer%27s_baptism" title="Believer's baptism">Believer's baptism</a></li> <li>Discipleship</li> <li>Separation of Church and state</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonresistance" title="Nonresistance">Nonresistance</a></li> <li>Non swearing of oaths</li> <li>Separation and <a href="/wiki/Nonconformity_to_the_world" title="Nonconformity to the world">nonconformity to the world</a> in many areas including clothing (See <a href="/wiki/Modesty" title="Modesty">Modesty</a>).</li> <li>Innocence of children</li> <li>Evangelistic zeal</li> <li>Victory in the Christian life is possible</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_communion" title="Closed communion">Closed communion</a></li> <li>Simplicity in lifestyle</li> <li>Simplicity of worship. This includes <a href="/wiki/A_cappella" title="A cappella">A cappella</a> singing, segregated seating (in some churches) and kneeling prayer.</li> <li>Lay leadership and the plural ministry</li> <li>Christian woman's veiling: 1 Corinthians 11:1–16 still applies today. (See <a href="/wiki/Christian_headcovering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian headcovering">Christian headcovering</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Ruth2022_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ruth2022-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Conservative Mennonites characteristically conduct worship services in the language of the country which they inhabit. This is in contrast to most Old Order groups which still conduct their services in German. They differ from the Old Order groups mainly in that Conservative Mennonites accept modern technologies (such as driving automobiles, having telephones, working on personal computers and using electricity), are evangelical, and conduct missions. The more conservative groupings also operate their own private Christian day schools (operated by free will offerings) in preference to promoting <a href="/wiki/Homeschooling" title="Homeschooling">homeschooling</a>. They teach abstinence from alcohol (crudely referred to as <a href="/wiki/Teetotalism" title="Teetotalism">teetotalism</a>) and tobacco as well as <a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)" title="Temperance (virtue)">temperance</a> in all areas of life. They have a strong work ethic and frequently serve their communities and other areas in times of natural disaster through organized work programs, for instance <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina_disaster_relief" title="Hurricane Katrina disaster relief">Hurricane Katrina disaster relief</a>. Conservative Mennonites along with Old Order Mennonites, and <a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a> hold to the basic tenets of <a href="/wiki/Creation_science" title="Creation science">Creation science</a> including believing in a literal six-day creation. </p><p>Conservative Mennonites uphold the following confessions of faith: The <a href="/wiki/Schleitheim_Confession" title="Schleitheim Confession">Schleitheim Confession</a> of Faith (1527),<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Dordrecht_Confession_of_Faith" title="Dordrecht Confession of Faith">Dordrecht Confession of Faith</a> (1632), The Christian Fundamentals (1921)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adopted at Garden City, Missouri (commonly called the Garden City Confession), and the Nationwide churches also use The Hartville Restatement of the Christian Fundamentals (1964). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ministry">Ministry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ministry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Conservative Mennonites believe in a three-office ministry working together in what is called a plural ministry. They ordain deacons, ministers, and bishops from within their congregations by a process called <i>the lot</i>. Members of the ministry are not salaried, but most churches support their ministry team financially through free-will offerings. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elnora_Bible_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elnora Bible Institute (page does not exist)">Elnora Bible Institute</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Washington County, Maryland and Franklin County, Pennsylvania Conference, <a href="/wiki/Ohio_Wisler_Mennonite" title="Ohio Wisler Mennonite">Ohio Wisler Mennonites</a>, Conservative Mennonite Churches of York and Adams Counties, Pennsylvania, the Pilgrim Mennonite Conference and the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Pennsylvania_Mennonite_Church" title="Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church">Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church</a> operate under a form of administration called a <i>conference</i> where each congregation has a common discipline (standard or constitution). The churches may be grouped in a district with one or two bishops sharing responsibility jointly or in part over a number of congregations within the district. This is a characteristic shared in common with most Old Order Mennonite groups. The Nationwide Fellowship churches are more congregational and whenever feasible a bishop will serve over one congregation but may assist with others and most congregations having their own unique discipline with elements in common. This congregational emphasis characteristic is shared in common with the Old Order Amish, Mennonite Christian Fellowship, Beachy Amish, and Tennessee Brotherhood churches. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservative_Mennonite_denominations">Conservative Mennonite denominations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Conservative Mennonite denominations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A directory of Conservative Mennonite denominations and congregations is maintained by the Pilgrim Ministry, a work of the Pilgrim Mennonite Conference.<sup id="cite_ref-PMC2022_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMC2022-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America_and_South_America">North America and South America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: North America and South America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are a number of congregations that have splintered or moved away from these beginning groups and have formed different fellowships. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Reformed_Mennonite" title="Reformed Mennonite">Reformed Mennonite Church</a> is a Conservative Mennonite denomination that separated from the mainline body in 1812 under the direction of John Herr.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1956, the <i>Conservative Mennonite Fellowship</i> began to be associated informally together. Most of these congregations were of Amish Mennonite origin, coming from the so-called Conservative Mennonite Conference (now called the <a href="/wiki/Rosedale_Network_of_Churches" title="Rosedale Network of Churches">Rosedale Network of Churches</a>), which started to abandon traditional Anabaptist distinctives such as the wearing of headcovering. The Conservative Mennonite Fellowship began the earliest mission work among the conservative groups in the early 1960s in Chimaltenago, Guatemala (on the Eastern side). What remained of these congregations joined the <i>Nationwide Fellowship Churches</i> in 1997. </p><p>Another group was the only conference to remain conservative, namely the <i>Washington County, Maryland/Franklin County, Pennsylvania Conference</i> (founded in 1790) centered mostly around Hagerstown, Maryland. Their history to 1960 has been published.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A third grouping peacefully requested to withdraw from the <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Mennonite_Conference" title="Lancaster Mennonite Conference">Lancaster Mennonite Conference</a> (located centrally in Lancaster, Pennsylvania) in 1968 requesting to keep the 1954 discipline that was being revised. This group bears the name <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Pennsylvania_Mennonite_Church" title="Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church">Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church</a>. </p><p>Another group geographically centered in York and Adams counties in Pennsylvania withdrew later from the Lancaster Conference in the early 1970s under the direction of their bishop Richard Danner. They are called the <i>Conservative Mennonite Churches of York and Adams Counties, Pennsylvania</i>. </p><p>Another group located in the Ohio counties of Wayne, Medina, Columbiana and Richland have their origin in the Wisler Conferences of Ohio and Michigan (an Old Order Mennonite grouping). In more recent years they have identified with the values of the Conservative Mennonites. They are called the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_Wisler_Mennonite" title="Ohio Wisler Mennonite">Ohio Wisler Mennonites</a>. </p><p>Over the years there have been various regroupings among these groups, with numerous independent congregations forming and reforming. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Old_Colony_Mennonites" title="Old Colony Mennonites">Old Colony Mennonites</a> are a Conservative Mennonite group that is spread across various parts of South America and North America.<sup id="cite_ref-KraybillJohnson-WeinerNolt2013_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KraybillJohnson-WeinerNolt2013-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are over 60,000 Old Colony Mennonites in Bolivia alone.<sup id="cite_ref-KraybillJohnson-WeinerNolt2013_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KraybillJohnson-WeinerNolt2013-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most conservative groups do not have television or radio and shun or do not use the Internet. There are some websites nevertheless arising among those following this group; pilgrimministry.org is one such example. Finding external links or publications of this group online is rare because of their various stands. </p><p>Mission outreaches of these groups can be found in the Bahamas, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Ghana, Uganda, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Mexico, India, Philippines, and the beginnings of work in England, Tasmania, Australia, and Argentina/Bolivia. </p><p>Conservative Mennonites of the <a href="/wiki/Beachy_Amish_Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Beachy Amish Mennonite">Beachy Amish Mennonite</a> tradition include the <a href="/wiki/Mennonite_Christian_Fellowship" title="Mennonite Christian Fellowship">Mennonite Christian Fellowship</a> and <i>Ambassadors Amish Mennonite Churches</i>, as well as the more traditionally conservative <i>Berea Amish Mennonite Fellowship</i> and the <i>Tennessee Brotherhood Churches</i>. These Conservative Mennonite denominations believe in traditional Anabapist doctrines and practices, such as <a href="/wiki/Plain_dress" title="Plain dress">plain dress</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_headcovering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian headcovering">headcovering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nonconformity_to_the_world" title="Nonconformity to the world">nonconformity to the world</a>, <a href="/wiki/Footwashing" class="mw-redirect" title="Footwashing">footwashing</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_kiss" title="Holy kiss">holy kiss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Communion" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Communion">communion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_sick" title="Anointing of the sick">anointing with oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Musical_instruments_in_church_services" title="Musical instruments in church services">the a cappella singing of hymns</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Nonresistance" title="Nonresistance">nonresistance</a>; modern conveniences, such as automobiles and filtered internet, are widely used, though television is not watched as it is believed to be an <a href="/wiki/Occasion_of_sin" title="Occasion of sin">occasion of sin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kraybill2010_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kraybill2010-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_God_in_Christ,_Mennonite" title="Church of God in Christ, Mennonite">Church of God in Christ, Mennonite</a> is a Conservative Mennonite denomination, though it is distinguished from others due to its stance of being the <a href="/wiki/One_true_church" title="One true church">one true church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="England_and_Ireland">England and Ireland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: England and Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Ireland, there is a <a href="/wiki/Beachy_Amish_Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Beachy Amish Mennonite">Beachy Amish Mennonite</a> Church in Dunmore East. They are not affiliated directly with Conservative Mennonites but share similar beliefs. </p><p>In England: </p> <ol><li>United Kingdom Mennonite Ministry, Shropshire Hills Mennonite Church, meet, on Sundays, in their own Church building near Craven Arms, Shropshire, (they no longer meet for monthly meetings at Old Sodbury near Bristol as they used to). The Americans here are under sponsorship of the (North Central) Nationwide Fellowship Mennonites from Wisconsin (USA). Members are operating Shepherd Hills Christian Bookstore 44, Shrewsbury Road, Craven Arms, SY7 9PY. They also sell high quality wood furniture in Shrewsbury and Craven Arms. Their annual Conference is attended by about 200 people and is held at Cefn Lea for weekend in early December.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Australia, there are Nationwide Fellowship Mennonite congregations in <a href="/wiki/Deloraine,_Tasmania" title="Deloraine, Tasmania">Deloraine, Tasmania</a> and also in Canowindra, New South Wales (Lachlan Valley Mennonite Church). The Tasmanian congregation sponsor annual weekend meetings in February of each year. There is also a plain Mennonite congregation in Queensland called the Australian Christian Brotherhood. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intermediate_and_Moderate_Conservative_Mennonite_groupings">Intermediate and Moderate Conservative Mennonite groupings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Intermediate and Moderate Conservative Mennonite groupings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These groups do not share the same level of strictness as the most conservative ones mentioned above but have similar origins or have withdrawn from the groupings above (like making the use of the radio optional or allowing more usage of the internet). </p><p><i>Southeastern Mennonite Conference</i> officially began upon their withdrawal from <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Mennonite_Conference" title="Virginia Mennonite Conference">Virginia Mennonite Conference</a> in June 1972. </p><p>Others have formed from their withdrawal from the groups mentioned above. These include much smaller groups like (but not limited to): Bethel Fellowship, Mid Atlantic Fellowship, and Midwest Mennonite Fellowship, and numerous unaffiliated congregations. </p><p>After the so-called Conservative Mennonite Conference (now known as the Rosedale Network of Churches)—a mainline Mennonite denomination—did not uphold the practice of headcovering, several congregations departed the denomination and grouped together as the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Mennonite_Alliance" title="Biblical Mennonite Alliance">Biblical Mennonite Alliance</a> in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-Kraybill2010_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kraybill2010-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Biblical Mennonite Alliance would be seen as being on the most progressive end of the Conservative Mennonite spectrum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publishing">Publishing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Publishing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most conservative groups operate the following publishing house: Rod and Staff Publishers in <a href="/wiki/Crockett,_Kentucky" title="Crockett, Kentucky">Crockett, Kentucky</a>, offering both a full conservative Christian curriculum for home and traditional classroom settings as well as a complete bible study/Sunday school curriculum and periodicals. They also publish numerous reading materials for all ages. They publish mostly in English and Spanish with some German language publications. Rod and Staff was the first modern publisher of Christian school and homeschooling curricula beginning in 1962. Lamp and Light Publishers offers free Correspondence Courses in English, Spanish, French, and Portuguese. They are located in <a href="/wiki/Farmington,_New_Mexico" title="Farmington, New Mexico">Farmington, New Mexico</a>. Neither publisher has a website. </p><p>The Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church operates its own publishing house offering curriculum for home and traditional classroom settings and other books and are located in Ephrata, Pennsylvania – Eastern Mennonite Publications. They offer Spanish publications and Bible Studies through their Spanish publishing house in Guatemala – <i>Quetzaltenango Mennonite Publishers</i> QMP. The Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church publishes a monthly paper called <i>The Eastern Mennonite Testimony</i>. </p><p>The Washington/Franklin Conference has in recent years also begun publishing under the name <i>Brotherhood Publications</i>. They publish a quarterly publication called <i>The Brotherhood Builder</i>. </p><p>Christian Light Publications is a publishing house in <a href="/wiki/Harrisonburg,_Virginia" title="Harrisonburg, Virginia">Harrisonburg, Virginia</a>, operated by a 9-member board and 15-member advisory board from many of the conservative conferences and fellowships: Southeastern, Mid-Atlantic, MidWest, Beachy, and others. They offer a full line of grade school, high school, Sunday school, and bible school curricula as well as periodicals, trade books, and more. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/47px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, 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.reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Myers-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Myers_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Myers_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMyers" class="citation web cs1">Myers, Tim. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220521182307/https://www.pilgrimministry.org/literature/why-i-am-a-conservative-mennonite">"Why I Am a Conservative Mennonite"</a>. Pilgrim Mennonite Conference. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pilgrimministry.org/literature/why-i-am-a-conservative-mennonite">the original</a> on 21 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+I+Am+a+Conservative+Mennonite&rft.pub=Pilgrim+Mennonite+Conference&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pilgrimministry.org%2Fliterature%2Fwhy-i-am-a-conservative-mennonite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1996Scott-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1996Scott_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott1996" class="citation book cs1">Scott, Stephen (1 January 1996). <i>Introduction to Old Order and Conservative Mennonite Groups: People's Place Book No. 12</i>. Good Books. p. 201. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56148-101-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56148-101-9"><bdi>978-1-56148-101-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Old+Order+and+Conservative+Mennonite+Groups%3A+People%27s+Place+Book+No.+12&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=Good+Books&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.isbn=978-1-56148-101-9&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wenger2000-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wenger2000_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWenger2000" class="citation book cs1">Wenger, John C. (3 October 2000). <i>Glimpses of Mennonite History</i>. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 215. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57910-465-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57910-465-8"><bdi>978-1-57910-465-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Glimpses+of+Mennonite+History&rft.pages=215&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2000-10-03&rft.isbn=978-1-57910-465-8&rft.aulast=Wenger&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hartzler2013-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hartzler2013_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartzler2013" class="citation book cs1">Hartzler, Rachel Nafziger (30 April 2013). <i>No Strings Attached: Boundary Lines in Pleasant Places: A History of Warren Street / Pleasant Oaks Mennonite Church</i>. Wipf and Stock Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62189-635-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62189-635-7"><bdi>978-1-62189-635-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+Strings+Attached%3A+Boundary+Lines+in+Pleasant+Places%3A+A+History+of+Warren+Street+%2F+Pleasant+Oaks+Mennonite+Church&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2013-04-30&rft.isbn=978-1-62189-635-7&rft.aulast=Hartzler&rft.aufirst=Rachel+Nafziger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PMC2022-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PMC2022_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PMC2022_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PMC2022_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pilgrimministry.org/congregations/map">"Church Finder"</a>. <i>Pilgrim Ministry</i>. Pilgrim Mennonite Conference<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pilgrim+Ministry&rft.atitle=Church+Finder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pilgrimministry.org%2Fcongregations%2Fmap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Intercourse1996-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Intercourse1996_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Intercourse1996_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"An Introduction to Old Order and Conservative Mennonite Groups", Intercourse PA 1996, page 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Preheim2018-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Preheim2018_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPreheim2018" class="citation web cs1">Preheim, Rich (7 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anabaptistworld.org/history-a-beachy-amish-dalliance-while-on-the-lam/">"History: A Beachy Amish dalliance while on the lam"</a>. Anabaptist World<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History%3A+A+Beachy+Amish+dalliance+while+on+the+lam&rft.pub=Anabaptist+World&rft.date=2018-05-07&rft.aulast=Preheim&rft.aufirst=Rich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanabaptistworld.org%2Fhistory-a-beachy-amish-dalliance-while-on-the-lam%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"An Introduction to Old Order and Conservative Mennonite Groups", Intercourse PA 1996, page 122-123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"An Introduction to Old Order and Conservative Mennonite Groups", Intercourse PA 1996, page 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scott (1996), p. 167</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kraybill2010-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kraybill2010_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kraybill2010_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kraybill2010_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kraybill2010_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKraybill2010" class="citation book cs1">Kraybill, Donald B. (1 November 2010). <i>Concise Encyclopedia of Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites</i>. JHU Press. p. 240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-9911-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-9911-9"><bdi>978-0-8018-9911-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Concise+Encyclopedia+of+Amish%2C+Brethren%2C+Hutterites%2C+and+Mennonites&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=JHU+Press&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-9911-9&rft.aulast=Kraybill&rft.aufirst=Donald+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scott1996-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Scott1996_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott1996" class="citation book cs1">Scott, Stephen (1 January 1996). <i>Introduction to Old Order and Conservative Mennonite Groups: People's Place Book No. 12</i>. Good Books. p. 196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56148-101-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56148-101-9"><bdi>978-1-56148-101-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Old+Order+and+Conservative+Mennonite+Groups%3A+People%27s+Place+Book+No.+12&rft.pages=196&rft.pub=Good+Books&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.isbn=978-1-56148-101-9&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Epp2013-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Epp2013_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEpp2013" class="citation book cs1">Epp, Buller Rachel (1 May 2013). <i>Mothering Mennonite</i>. Demeter Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-927335-86-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-927335-86-4"><bdi>978-1-927335-86-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mothering+Mennonite&rft.pub=Demeter+Press&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.isbn=978-1-927335-86-4&rft.aulast=Epp&rft.aufirst=Buller+Rachel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uwaterloo.ca/grebel/academics/continuing/institute-anabaptist-and-mennonite-studies/who-are-mennonites">"Who Are the Mennonites"</a>. Conrad Grebel College. 15 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who+Are+the+Mennonites&rft.pub=Conrad+Grebel+College&rft.date=2017-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuwaterloo.ca%2Fgrebel%2Facademics%2Fcontinuing%2Finstitute-anabaptist-and-mennonite-studies%2Fwho-are-mennonites&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ruth2022-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ruth2022_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuth2022" class="citation book cs1">Ruth, Merle (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.anabaptistresources.org/en/resources/details/986/the-significance-of-the-christian-womans-veil"><i>The Significance of the Christian Woman's Veiling</i></a>. Christian Light Publications. p. 17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Significance+of+the+Christian+Woman%27s+Veiling&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=Christian+Light+Publications&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Ruth&rft.aufirst=Merle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.anabaptistresources.org%2Fen%2Fresources%2Fdetails%2F986%2Fthe-significance-of-the-christian-womans-veil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Schleitheim_Confession">"Schleitheim Confession"</a>. Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schleitheim+Confession&rft.pub=Global+Anabaptist+Mennonite+Encyclopedia+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgameo.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DSchleitheim_Confession&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Christian_Fundamentals_%28Mennonite_Church,_1921%29">"Christian Fundamentals"</a>. Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Christian+Fundamentals&rft.pub=Global+Anabaptist+Mennonite+Encyclopedia+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgameo.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DChristian_Fundamentals_%2528Mennonite_Church%2C_1921%2529&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reformedmennonite.org/files/pubs/The_Reformed_Mennonites.pdf">"The Reformed Mennonites"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Reformed Mennonite Church<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Reformed+Mennonites&rft.pub=Reformed+Mennonite+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reformedmennonite.org%2Ffiles%2Fpubs%2FThe_Reformed_Mennonites.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniel R. Lehman, <i>Mennonites of the Washington County, Maryland and Franklin County, Pennsylvania Conference</i>, Eastern Mennonite Publications, Ephrata, Pennsylvania, 1990.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KraybillJohnson-WeinerNolt2013-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KraybillJohnson-WeinerNolt2013_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KraybillJohnson-WeinerNolt2013_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKraybillJohnson-WeinerNolt2013" class="citation book cs1">Kraybill, Donald B.; Johnson-Weiner, Karen M.; Nolt, Steven M. (June 2013). <i>The Amish</i>. JHU Press. p. 421. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0914-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0914-6"><bdi>978-1-4214-0914-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Amish&rft.pages=421&rft.pub=JHU+Press&rft.date=2013-06&rft.isbn=978-1-4214-0914-6&rft.aulast=Kraybill&rft.aufirst=Donald+B.&rft.au=Johnson-Weiner%2C+Karen+M.&rft.au=Nolt%2C+Steven+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlankmanAugustine2010" class="citation book cs1">Blankman, Drew; Augustine, Todd (17 April 2010). <i>Pocket Dictionary of North American Denominations: Over 100 Christian Groups Clearly & Concisely Defined</i>. InterVarsity Press. p. 41. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8308-6706-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8308-6706-6"><bdi>978-0-8308-6706-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pocket+Dictionary+of+North+American+Denominations%3A+Over+100+Christian+Groups+Clearly+%26+Concisely+Defined&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=InterVarsity+Press&rft.date=2010-04-17&rft.isbn=978-0-8308-6706-6&rft.aulast=Blankman&rft.aufirst=Drew&rft.au=Augustine%2C+Todd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott,_Stephen1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Scott_(writer)" title="Stephen Scott (writer)">Scott, Stephen</a> (1996). <i>An Introduction to Old Order and Conservative Mennonite Groups</i>. Intercourse, Pennsylvania: Good Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Old+Order+and+Conservative+Mennonite+Groups&rft.place=Intercourse%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pub=Good+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.au=Scott%2C+Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurkholder2011" class="citation book cs1">Burkholder, David G. (2011). <i>Distinctive Beliefs of the Anabaptists</i>. Ephrata, Pennsylvania: Eastern Mennonite Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Distinctive+Beliefs+of+the+Anabaptists&rft.place=Ephrata%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pub=Eastern+Mennonite+Publications&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Burkholder&rft.aufirst=David+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConservative+Mennonites" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservative_Mennonites&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pilgrimministry.org/congregations/map">Pilgrim Ministry: Conservative Mennonite churches</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://churchindex.org/">Church Index - Conservative Mennonite churches</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hopemennonitefellowship.org/congregations.html">Congregations of Hope Mennonite Fellowship</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reformedmennonite.org/index.html">The Reformed Mennonites</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblicalmennonite.com/">Biblical Mennonite Alliance</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anabaptistdisciplesofchrist.org/statement-of-beliefs-2/">Statement of Beliefs - Anabaptist Disciples of Christ</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gameo.org/encyclopedia/contents/C6672ME.html">Conservative Mennonites in Pennsylvania, America, at Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170609050302/http://anabaptistmennonites.org/">Anabaptist Mennonites</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://christianlight.org/">Christian Light Publications</a> - Conservative Mennonite publications</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rodstaff.com/">Rod and Staff Publishers</a> - Conservative Mennonite books</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anabaptism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anabaptists" title="Template:Anabaptists"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anabaptists" title="Template talk:Anabaptists"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anabaptists" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anabaptists"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anabaptism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Reformation" title="Radical Reformation">Radical Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petr_Chel%C4%8Dick%C3%BD" title="Petr Chelčický">Petr Chelčický</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_mysticism" class="mw-redirect" title="German mysticism">German mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwickau_prophets" title="Zwickau prophets">Zwickau prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregationalist_polity" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist polity">Congregationalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Brethren" title="Swiss Brethren">Swiss Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutterites" title="Hutterites">Hutterites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batenburgers" title="Batenburgers">Batenburgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonites" title="Mennonites">Mennonites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Order_Mennonite" title="Old Order Mennonite">Old Order Mennonites</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Conservative Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Mennonite">Russian Mennonites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Order_Amish" title="New Order Amish">New Order Amish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beachy_Amish" title="Beachy Amish">Beachy Amish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amish_Mennonite" title="Amish Mennonite">Amish Mennonites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abecedarian" title="Abecedarian">Abecedarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwenkfelder_Church" title="Schwenkfelder Church">Schwenkfelders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwarzenau_Brethren" title="Schwarzenau Brethren">Schwarzenau (German Baptist) Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Brethren" title="River Brethren">River Brethren</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Order_River_Brethren" title="Old Order River Brethren">Old Order River Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brethren_in_Christ_Church" title="Brethren in Christ Church">Brethren in Christ Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruderhof_Communities" title="Bruderhof Communities">Bruderhof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Christian_Church" title="Apostolic Christian Church">Apostolic Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_churches" title="Peace churches">Peace churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Peasants%27_War" title="German Peasants' War">German Peasants' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnster_rebellion" title="Münster rebellion">Münster rebellion</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_Mirror" title="Martyrs Mirror">Martyrs Mirror</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schleitheim_Confession" title="Schleitheim Confession">Schleitheim Confession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dordrecht_Confession_of_Faith" title="Dordrecht Confession of Faith">Dordrecht Confession of Faith</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ausbund" title="Ausbund">Ausbund</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Order_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Order Movement">Old Order Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptist%E2%80%93Jewish_relations" title="Anabaptist–Jewish relations">Anabaptist–Jewish relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theology_of_Anabaptism" class="mw-redirect" title="Theology of Anabaptism">Theology of Anabaptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_discipline" title="Church discipline">Church discipline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_communism" title="Christian communism">Christian communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Apostasy" title="Great Apostasy">Great Apostasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theology_of_Huldrych_Zwingli#Eucharist" title="Theology of Huldrych Zwingli">Memorialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonconformity_to_the_world" title="Nonconformity to the world">Nonconformity to the world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonresistance" title="Nonresistance">Nonresistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacifism" title="Pacifism">Pacifism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_of_all_believers" title="Priesthood of all believers">Priesthood of all believers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a> – <a href="/wiki/Free_church" title="Free church">free church</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sola_scriptura" title="Sola scriptura">Sola scriptura</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agape_feast" title="Agape feast">Agape feast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Believer%27s_baptism" title="Believer's baptism">Believer's baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_communion" title="Closed communion">Closed communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maundy_(foot_washing)" title="Maundy (foot washing)">Foot washing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordnung" title="Ordnung">Ordnung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plain_dress" title="Plain dress">Plain dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunning" title="Shunning">Shunning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_living" title="Simple living">Simple living</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable<br />Anabaptists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Manz" title="Felix Manz">Felix Manz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Grebel" title="Conrad Grebel">Conrad Grebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilgram_Marpeck" title="Pilgram Marpeck">Pilgram Marpeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Sattler" title="Michael Sattler">Michael Sattler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Denck" title="Hans Denck">Hans Denck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Hutter" title="Jakob Hutter">Jakob Hutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balthasar_Hubmaier" title="Balthasar Hubmaier">Balthasar Hubmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Rothmann" title="Bernhard Rothmann">Bernhard Rothmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Philips" title="Dirk Philips">Dirk Philips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menno_Simons" title="Menno Simons">Menno Simons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Ammann" title="Jakob Ammann">Jakob Ammann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mack" title="Alexander Mack">Alexander Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Heinrich_Fr%C3%B6hlich" title="Samuel Heinrich Fröhlich">Samuel Heinrich Fröhlich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" 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