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<li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unofficial_(1980s–2005)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unofficial_(1980s–2005)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Unofficial (1980s–2005)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unofficial_(1980s–2005)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Official_(2005–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official_(2005–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Official (2005–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official_(2005–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Investigation_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Investigation_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Investigation history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Investigation_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Investigation history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Investigation_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1993–1996" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1993–1996"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1993–1996</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1993–1996-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Susurluk_scandal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Susurluk_scandal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Susurluk scandal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Susurluk_scandal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abdülkadir_Aygan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abdülkadir_Aygan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Abdülkadir Aygan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abdülkadir_Aygan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arif_Doğan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arif_Doğan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Arif Doğan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arif_Doğan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modus_operandi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modus_operandi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Modus operandi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modus_operandi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Actions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Actions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Actions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fight_against_PKK" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fight_against_PKK"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Fight against PKK</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fight_against_PKK-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_killings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_killings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Political killings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_killings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-High_profile_killings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High_profile_killings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>High profile killings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High_profile_killings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vedat_Aydın" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vedat_Aydın"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Vedat Aydın</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vedat_Aydın-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musa_Anter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musa_Anter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2</span> <span>Musa Anter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musa_Anter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ahmet_Cem_Ersever" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ahmet_Cem_Ersever"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.3</span> <span>Ahmet Cem Ersever</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ahmet_Cem_Ersever-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drugs_and_weapons_trafficking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drugs_and_weapons_trafficking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Drugs and weapons trafficking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drugs_and_weapons_trafficking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Court_cases_with_JİTEM_involvement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Court_cases_with_JİTEM_involvement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Court cases with JİTEM involvement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Court_cases_with_JİTEM_involvement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%B0TEM&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="JİTEM">JİTEM</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Turkish Intelligence Organization</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media 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style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Jandarma İstihbarat Teşkilatı (JİT)<br />Jandarma İstihbarat ve Terörle Mücadele (JİTEM)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">Late 1980s – present (unofficially, as JİTEM)<br /> 2005 – present (officially, as JİT)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Turkey</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Gendarmerie" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Gendarmerie">Turkish Gendarmerie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">Intelligence agency</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Agent_handling" title="Agent handling">Agent handling</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Black_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Black operation">Black operation</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Clandestine_operation" title="Clandestine operation">Clandestine operation</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Close-quarters_combat" class="mw-redirect" title="Close-quarters combat">Close-quarters combat</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Counterinsurgency" title="Counterinsurgency">Counterinsurgency</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Countersurveillance" title="Countersurveillance">Countersurveillance</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Counterterrorism" title="Counterterrorism">Counterterrorism</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Covert_operation" title="Covert operation">Covert operation</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Criminal_investigation" title="Criminal investigation">Criminal investigation</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Direct_action_(military)" title="Direct action (military)">Direct action</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">Espionage</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Force_protection" title="Force protection">Force protection</a><br /><a href="/wiki/HUMINT" class="mw-redirect" title="HUMINT">HUMINT</a><br /><a href="/wiki/ISTAR" class="mw-redirect" title="ISTAR">ISTAR</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">Law enforcement</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Manhunt_(military)" title="Manhunt (military)">Manhunt</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military intelligence</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mountain_warfare" title="Mountain warfare">Mountain warfare</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Patrolling" title="Patrolling">Patrolling</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Raid_(military)" title="Raid (military)">Raiding</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Special_operations" title="Special operations">Special operations</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Special_reconnaissance" title="Special reconnaissance">Special reconnaissance</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Surveillance" title="Surveillance">Surveillance</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tracking_(Scouting)" title="Tracking (Scouting)">Tracking</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Urban_warfare" title="Urban warfare">Urban warfare</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p><b>Jandarma İstihbarat ve Terörle Mücadele</b> or <b>Jandarma İstihbarat Teşkilatı</b> (abbr. <i>JİTEM</i> or <i>JİT</i>; English: "Gendarmerie Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism" or "Gendarmerie Intelligence Organization") is the intelligence department of the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Gendarmerie" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Gendarmerie">Turkish Gendarmerie</a>. JİTEM was active in the <a href="/wiki/Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict" title="Kurdish–Turkish conflict">Kurdish–Turkish conflict</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Zeki_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zeki-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Susurluk_scandal" title="Susurluk scandal">Susurluk scandal</a>, former prime ministers <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClent_Ecevit" title="Bülent Ecevit">Bülent Ecevit</a><sup id="cite_ref-HRFT39_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HRFT39-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-TIHV_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TIHV-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have confirmed the existence of JİTEM. </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Murat_Belge" title="Murat Belge">Murat Belge</a> of <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Bilgi_University" title="Istanbul Bilgi University">Istanbul Bilgi University</a>, who has reported that he was tortured in 1971 by its founder, <a href="/wiki/Veli_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk" title="Veli Küçük">Veli Küçük</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Safile_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Safile-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> JİTEM is an embodiment of the <a href="/wiki/Deep_state_in_Turkey" title="Deep state in Turkey">deep state</a>. In other words, it is used by "the Establishment" to enforce alleged national interests.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also said to be the military wing of <a href="/wiki/Ergenekon_(allegation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ergenekon (allegation)">Ergenekon</a>, an underground <a href="/wiki/Turkish_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish nationalist">Turkish nationalist</a> organization.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kuseyri_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kuseyri-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, long-maintained official denials of JİTEM's existence started collapsing in the courts, as ex-members of Turkey's "deep state" security apparatus testify to their participation in covert and illegal activities over the last few decades as part of the ongoing Ergenekon investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Counter-Guerrilla" title="Counter-Guerrilla">Counter-Guerrilla</a></div> <p>The unit was officially founded in 2005, but its unofficial history goes back to the 1980s. Its roots lie further back with the <a href="/wiki/Counter-Guerrilla" title="Counter-Guerrilla">Counter-Guerrilla</a>: JİTEM used Counter-Guerrilla methods and possibly equipment, and key figures had been involved with the Counter-Guerrilla. For example, <a href="/wiki/Murat_Belge" title="Murat Belge">Murat Belge</a> of <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Bilgi_University" title="Istanbul Bilgi University">Istanbul Bilgi University</a> says he was tortured in 1971 by a key JİTEM figure, <a href="/wiki/Veli_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk" title="Veli Küçük">Veli Küçük</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Safile_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Safile-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unofficial_(1980s–2005)"><span id="Unofficial_.281980s.E2.80.932005.29"></span>Unofficial (1980s–2005)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Unofficial (1980s–2005)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>JİTEM was active in the <a href="/wiki/Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict" title="Kurdish–Turkish conflict">Kurdish–Turkish conflict</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Zeki_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zeki-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has repeatedly been claimed that JİTEM was dissolved. One of the first was Prime Minister Mesut Yılmaz. He stated on 22 January 1998 on the <i>Arena</i> program on <a href="/wiki/Kanal_D" title="Kanal D">Kanal D</a> hosted by <a href="/wiki/U%C4%9Fur_D%C3%BCndar" title="Uğur Dündar">Uğur Dündar</a> that JİTEM did not exist any longer.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0smail_Hakk%C4%B1_Karaday%C4%B1" title="İsmail Hakkı Karadayı">İsmail Hakkı Karadayı</a> assumed the role of chief of general staff, (30 August 1994 – 30 August 1998), news stating the dissolution of JİTEM were leaked to the press.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last declaration about JİTEM's dissolution came in 2004 from the former Commander of the Gendarmerie in the State of Emergency Region (Olağanüstü Hal, <a href="/wiki/OHAL" class="mw-redirect" title="OHAL">OHAL</a>), retired Lieutenant- General <a href="/wiki/Altay_Tokat" title="Altay Tokat">Altay Tokat</a>. Tokat stated in his interview with the newspaper <i>Zaman</i> that JİTEM was a “public disclosure of an intelligence unit that fought against the PKK in the OHAL region” and that it had “fulfilled its role and was dissolved".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The former chair of <a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r_Bar_Association" title="Diyarbakır Bar Association">Diyarbakır Bar Association</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sezgin_Tanr%C4%B1kulu" title="Sezgin Tanrıkulu">Sezgin Tanrıkulu</a>, however claims that JİTEM was not dissolved, but the cadres were not active at the moment.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Official_(2005–present)"><span id="Official_.282005.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Official (2005–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Official (2005–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>JİTEM was made a legal entity through Article 5 of the Law 2803 on the Establishment, Duties and Jurisdiction of Gendarmerie<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Article 4 of the Law Concerning the Transfer of Our Borders, Coasts and Territorial Waters' Protection and Anti-Smuggling Activities to the Ministry of Internal Affairs No. 6815.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The gendarmerie intelligence, previously known as JİTEM or JİT, finally gained legal status with the Law Concerning Amendments to Some Laws No. 5397, accepted on 3 July 2005, effective since 23 July 2005 thus becoming the Gendarmerie Intelligence Department within the General Command of Gendarmerie. This law authorised the gendarmerie to carry out technical stakeouts.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Investigation_history">Investigation history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Investigation history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1993–1996"><span id="1993.E2.80.931996"></span>1993–1996</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1993–1996"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first person to write about JİTEM was journalist <a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_%C3%96nal" title="Ayşe Önal">Ayşe Önal</a> for the <i><a href="/wiki/Ate%C5%9F_(newspaper)" title="Ateş (newspaper)">Ateş</a></i> newspaper on 2 July 1994. Önal had learned about it from <a href="/wiki/Veli_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk" title="Veli Küçük">Veli Küçük</a> after being introduced to him through MIT spy and fellow journalist, <a href="/wiki/Tuncay_G%C3%BCney" title="Tuncay Güney">Tuncay Güney</a>. Önal and Küçük's meeting did not go well, and Önal vowed to write about it. She followed through, and was promptly fired, along with nineteen of her coworkers.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Findings about JİTEM and Ersever were also published by researchers and journalists.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the first and most detailed of these was by <a href="/wiki/Soner_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n" title="Soner Yalçın">Soner Yalçın</a>. Yalçın managed to interview <a href="/wiki/Cem_Ersever" title="Cem Ersever">Cem Ersever</a>, subsequently publishing the interviews in his book <i>Binbaşı Ersever'in İtirafları</i> ("Confessions of Major Ersever").<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Susurluk_scandal">Susurluk scandal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Susurluk scandal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Susurluk_scandal" title="Susurluk scandal">Susurluk scandal</a></div> <p>JİTEM was subjected to parliamentary scrutiny during the <a href="/wiki/Susurluk_scandal" title="Susurluk scandal">Susurluk scandal</a>, when commanders in the Gendarmerie repeatedly denied the existence of an overarching intelligence organization within the Gendarmerie.<sup id="cite_ref-jitemvardir_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jitemvardir-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Susurluk commission member <a href="/wiki/Fikri_Sa%C4%9Flar" title="Fikri Sağlar">Fikri Sağlar</a> said that the commanders denied its existence because the Gendarmerie formally acquired the legal capacity to conduct intelligence operations in 2005 (with Law 5397). The author of the Prime Ministry Inspection Board report, Kutlu Savaş, said JİTEM was created on Gendarmerie Commander <a href="/wiki/Hulusi_Say%C4%B1n" title="Hulusi Sayın">Hulusi Sayın</a>'s watch (1981–1985).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Parliamentary Investigation Committee's report on Unsolved Political Murders in Various Regions of Our Country (10/90) dated 12 October 1995 and the summary by Istanbul National Security Court General Prosecutor dated 30 January 1997 are also worthy of consideration.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Investigations into the 1996 <a href="/wiki/Susurluk_scandal" title="Susurluk scandal">Susurluk scandal</a> revealed some role for JİTEM. Former prime ministers <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClent_Ecevit" title="Bülent Ecevit">Bülent Ecevit</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-HRFT39_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HRFT39-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a><sup id="cite_ref-TIHV_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TIHV-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> accepted the existence of JİTEM. </p><p>Seven months after the release of the Susurluk Report, a book entitled: <i>Cem Ersever ve JİTEM Gerçeği</i> ("Cem Ersever and the JİTEM Fact"), written by journalist Çetin Ağaşe, a friend of the Ersever family, was published. The appendix of the book contains documents such as the 1994 phone directory of the General Command of Gendarmerie, which contained the numbers of the JİTEM Group Commander and JİTEM units in each city.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was further proof of JİTEM's official existence and of Ersever's position within the chain of command. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abdülkadir_Aygan"><span id="Abd.C3.BClkadir_Aygan"></span>Abdülkadir Aygan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Abdülkadir Aygan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Revelations have recently come from an informant named <a href="/wiki/Abd%C3%BClkadir_Aygan" title="Abdülkadir Aygan">Abdülkadir Aygan</a> (a former <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party">PKK</a> member recruited by JİTEM,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> now a <a href="/wiki/Political_refugee" class="mw-redirect" title="Political refugee">political refugee</a> in Sweden<sup id="cite_ref-Zaman_Aygan_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zaman_Aygan-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) that it was founded by retired general Veli Küçük, who is currently arrested in the Ergenekon investigations.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other people allegedly involved in its founding are Ahmet Cem Ersever, <a href="/wiki/Arif_Do%C4%9Fan" title="Arif Doğan">Arif Doğan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hasan Kundakçı, Hüseyin Kara, Hulusi Sayın and Aytekin Özen, according to Aygan. Küçük confirmed Aygan's allegations about his cofounding the organization.<sup id="cite_ref-zaman132811_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zaman132811-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arif_Doğan"><span id="Arif_Do.C4.9Fan"></span>Arif Doğan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Arif Doğan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After being taken into custody, <a href="/wiki/Arif_Do%C4%9Fan" title="Arif Doğan">Arif Doğan</a> admitted to being a founder of the organization, originally known as the Intelligence Group Command (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">İstihbarat Grup Komutanlığı</i>), and that in 1990 he handed the reins to Veli Küçük.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005 he had denied the very existence of such an organization.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his release from prison<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arif Doğan spoke to journalists of the news channel <a href="/wiki/Habert%C3%BCrk_TV" title="Habertürk TV">Habertürk TV</a> in September 2010 and said that he alone had founded JİTEM and had "frozen" it in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-arif_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arif-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Concerning the structure of JİTEM Colonel Arif Doğan said: "<i>My staff was 10,000, including 620 women. They participated in operations and got 3,000 Lira for each head</i>."<sup id="cite_ref-arif_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arif-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to figures of the Justice Ministry about 1,950 PKK militants became confessors after arrest.<sup id="cite_ref-stat_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stat-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unofficial figures put the number of confessors that were used and paid in the fight against the PKK at 500.<sup id="cite_ref-stat_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stat-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modus_operandi">Modus operandi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Modus operandi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Among the alleged members are ex-PKK-operatives (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0tiraf%C3%A7%C4%B1" title="İtirafçı">İtirafçı</a></i>), besides <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">non-commissioned officers</a> and a few officers of the Gendarmerie. While Aygan listed several units as part of JİTEM such as<sup id="cite_ref-tabela_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tabela-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Gendarmerie General Command, the Intelligence Command, the Joint Group Command, the Regional Group Commands (of which there are seven), the Team Commands and small <a href="/wiki/Clandestine_cell_system" title="Clandestine cell system">clandestine cells</a><sup id="cite_ref-evrensel_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evrensel-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the lawyer <a href="/wiki/Tahir_El%C3%A7i" title="Tahir Elçi">Tahir Elçi</a>, who is acting on behalf of victims of JİTEM said:<br /> "It is not possible to completely know the organizational structure of JİTEM; but it is understood that it was organized within the Gendarmerie, the centre being in Ankara and having group commands mostly in the South-East within the Regimental Commands of the provinces. They took their orders from the centre in Ankara and conducted three folded activities: gather intelligence, interrogate and carry out operations."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>JİTEM carried out its activities using the "staff system" (<i>eleman sistemi</i>) and technical stakeout approaches. The information gathered was analysed, became intelligence and submitted to the Intelligence Group Command. Every report was assembled by the Intelligence Group Command and operation teams were dispatched accordingly.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Actions">Actions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Actions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fight_against_PKK">Fight against PKK</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Fight against PKK"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>JİTEM was founded to counter the guerilla tactics of the PKK, but its units never directly clashed with armed groups of the PKK in the rural areas.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They made use of PKK confessors (<i><a href="/wiki/Itiraf%C3%A7%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Itirafçı">itirafçı</a></i>) to kill PKK adherents, raid villages in guerilla dressing, detain, torture or make people "disappear".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intelligence units did not have the necessary mechanisms in place to fight the PKK in open country. The inefficiency in the intelligence network made it impossible for land forces to perform specific operations, to prevent terror raids and to develop a strategy against PKK front activities.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The spokesperson of the Movement of Kurdish Democrats Ahmet Acar alleged that JİTEM fomented infighting in the PKK, while ensuring the perpetuation of both of the PKK, and by extension, itself.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kurdish-Turkish politician <a href="/wiki/Abd%C3%BClmelik_F%C4%B1rat" title="Abdülmelik Fırat">Abdülmelik Fırat</a> maintained that JİTEM is connected to the PKK, while fighting it at the same time.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_killings">Political killings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Political killings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Numerous people who claim to be or are purported to be JİTEM operatives have been accused of crimes such as <a href="/wiki/Kidnapping" title="Kidnapping">kidnapping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intimidation" title="Intimidation">intimidation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Extra-judicial_killing" class="mw-redirect" title="Extra-judicial killing">extra-judicial killings</a> of PKK members. Former JİTEM operative Aygan estimated that 80% of these killings were done by JİTEM.<sup id="cite_ref-kuseyri_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kuseyri-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-zaman132811_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zaman132811-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> JİTEM interrogators are especially brutal since they belong to an organization that ostensibly does not exist, and hence they are not accountable. Aygan says that detainees are invariably killed.<sup id="cite_ref-evrensel_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evrensel-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He provided about 30 names of victims.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tuncay_G%C3%BCney" title="Tuncay Güney">Tuncay Güney</a>, a former spy for the <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization_(Turkey)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Organization (Turkey)">National Intelligence Organization</a> who infiltrated JİTEM, alleged that Veli Küçük's men, working for JİTEM, killed people using acid and buried the corpses in wells belonging to the state-owned Turkish Pipeline Corporation, <a href="/wiki/BOTA%C5%9E" title="BOTAŞ">BOTAŞ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some have responded to the Şırnak Bar's request for witnesses and families of victims to step forward.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ergenekon defendant <a href="/wiki/Levent_Ers%C3%B6z" title="Levent Ersöz">Levent Ersöz</a> has also been named in connection with the incidents, in Silopi.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are no clear figures on the number of political killings in South-East Anatolia. According to intelligence units, 1550 unsolved murders were committed between 1990 and 2000 although the PKK claims that the accurate number exceeds 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Human Rights Association estimates that between 1989 and 2008 JİTEM was involved in 5000 unsolved killings of journalists, human rights defenders, intellectuals and political activists and was responsible for 1,500 cases of "disappearances".<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former chair of Diyarbakır Bar Association <a href="/wiki/Sezgin_Tanr%C4%B1kulu" title="Sezgin Tanrıkulu">Sezgin Tanrıkulu</a> put the figures above 4,000, close to 5,000. He stated that one JİTEM operative, Ibrahim Babat, alone had been charged with 61 killings.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a documentary by Mehmet Hatman the figure of 4653 unsolved political killings between 1991 and 2000 was mentioned.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="High_profile_killings">High profile killings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: High profile killings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some murders received a lot of press coverage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vedat_Aydın"><span id="Vedat_Ayd.C4.B1n"></span>Vedat Aydın</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Vedat Aydın"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Vedat_Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Vedat Aydın">Vedat Aydın</a>, the Diyarbakır branch chairman of the now-defunct <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Labor_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Labor Party">People's Labor Party</a> (HEP), was found dead on a road near Malatya on 7 July 1991, two days after armed men had taken him from his home in Diyarbakir. The widow Sükran Aydın thinks her husband's murder was a turning point and that there was a sudden increase in the number of unsolved murders in the country's Southeast following his death. She believes that a clandestine unit within the gendarmerie was responsible for the murder.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only 18 years after the killing the public prosecutor in Diyarbakir opened a file seeking the detention of nine JİTEM members including the Major Aytekin Özen.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Musa_Anter">Musa Anter</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Musa Anter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aygan said he had been part of a unit, alongside Cem Ersever and Arif Doğan, which had assassinated 72-year-old <a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Turkey" title="Kurds in Turkey">Kurdish</a> writer <a href="/wiki/Musa_Anter" title="Musa Anter">Musa Anter</a> in 1992 in Diyarbakır. Turkey was found guilty of this murder in 2006 by the <a href="/wiki/European_Convention_on_Human_Rights" title="European Convention on Human Rights">European Convention on Human Rights</a>, which fined Turkey for 28,500 euros.<sup id="cite_ref-Duvakli_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duvakli-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ahmet_Cem_Ersever">Ahmet Cem Ersever</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Ahmet Cem Ersever"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Former JİTEM commander <a href="/wiki/Cem_Ersever" title="Cem Ersever">Cem Ersever</a> was assassinated in November 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-Zaman_13_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zaman_13-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aygan alleges that Arif Doğan and Veli Küçük's superiors in Ankara ordered the assassination in order to take control of JİTEM from Ersever.<sup id="cite_ref-tabela_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tabela-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drugs_and_weapons_trafficking">Drugs and weapons trafficking</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Drugs and weapons trafficking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>JİTEM's chief, <a href="/wiki/Arif_Do%C4%9Fan" title="Arif Doğan">Arif Doğan</a>, was tried in the frame of the <a href="/wiki/Y%C3%BCksekova_Gang" title="Yüksekova Gang">Yüksekova Gang</a> (aka "the gang with uniforms"). According to <i><a href="/wiki/Today%27s_Zaman" title="Today's Zaman">Today's Zaman</a></i>, the "Yüksekova Gang was an illegal organization formed in the <a href="/wiki/Y%C3%BCksekova_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Yüksekova district">Yüksekova district</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hakkari_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakkari Province">Hakkari</a>, headed by three high-ranking military personnel and various politicians that smuggled drugs and weapons."<sup id="cite_ref-Duvakli_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duvakli-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its activities were first revealed in 1996, in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Susurluk_scandal" title="Susurluk scandal">Susurluk scandal</a>. Its activities "are only one part of the JİTEM activities" that have been sent to the <a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="European Court of Human Rights">European Court of Human Rights</a> (ECHR). All of the local court prison sentences concerning the Yüksekova Gang were cancelled by the <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Appeals_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court of Appeals of Turkey">High Court of Appeals of Turkey</a>, leading the ECHR to fine Turkey 103,000 Euro for its decisions about the Yüksekova Gang.<sup id="cite_ref-Duvakli_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duvakli-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Relying on a document as an attachment to the indictment in the Ergenekon case <a href="/wiki/F%C4%B1rat_News_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Fırat News Agency">Fırat News Agency</a> presented background on smuggling of JİTEM staff between 1981 and 1990. Details were mentioned on arms trafficking, drug smuggling, and cross border trafficking of electronic devices.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Court_cases_with_JİTEM_involvement"><span id="Court_cases_with_J.C4.B0TEM_involvement"></span>Court cases with JİTEM involvement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Court cases with JİTEM involvement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lhan_Cihaner" title="İlhan Cihaner">İlhan Cihaner</a>, prosecutor in İdil (Şırnak province) was the first to point at JİTEM in an indictment of 1997. He held the defendants including civil servants, <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0tiraf%C3%A7%C4%B1" title="İtirafçı">İtirafçı</a></i> confessors and others responsible for killings, bombings and "disappearances". Defendant No. 1 was <a href="/wiki/Ahmet_Cem_Ersever" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmet Cem Ersever">Ahmet Cem Ersever</a> and defendant No. 2 was <a href="/wiki/Arif_Do%C4%9Fan" title="Arif Doğan">Arif Doğan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An indictment prepared by Diyarbakır Public Prosecutor Mithat Özcan dated 29 March 2005 charged eight PKK <i>İtirafçı</i> confessors, namely <a href="/wiki/Mahmut_Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m" title="Mahmut Yıldırım">Mahmut Yıldırım</a> (aka Yeşil), <a href="/wiki/Abd%C3%BClkadir_Aygan" title="Abdülkadir Aygan">Abdülkadir Aygan</a>, Muhsin Gül, Fethi Çetin, Kemal Emlük, Saniye Emlük, Yüksel Uğur and Abdülkerim Kırca.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These people were suspected of being JİTEM members and were charged with eight unsolved murders, namely the murders of Harbi Arman, Lokman Zuğurli, Zana Zuğurli, Servet Aslan, Şahabettin Latifeci, Ahmet Ceylan, Mehmet Sıddık Etyemez and Abdülkadir Çelikbilek between the years 1992–1994. The case was transferred to a military court.<sup id="cite_ref-ertan_9-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The court case went through different stages. In September 2010 the number of defendants had risen to 15. During the hearing at Diyarbakir Heavy Penal Court No. 6 of 3 September 2010 the defendants Ali Ozansoy and Adil Timurtaş (both confessors) were present for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earlier the Ministry of Interior had refused to inform the Court of the new names of the defendants.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mehmet Şerif Avşar was abducted in Diyarbakir on 22 April 1994 and two weeks later found dead. The kidnappers, PKK confessor Mesut Mehmetoğlu and village guards hid in a building reportedly belonging to JİTEM. On 20 March 2001 six defendants were convicted for their involvement in the killing. The case was raised with the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). The court found a violation of Article 2 of the European Convention of Human Rights.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Abd%C3%BClkadir_Aygan" title="Abdülkadir Aygan">Abdülkadir Aygan</a> is one of the 11 or 12 defendants charged with having killed Hacı Ahmet Zeyrek (in Silopi 1989), JİTEM staff member Mehmet Bayar (25 June 1990) and Tahsin Sevim, Hasan Utanç and Hasan Caner on 16 September 1989. A criminal court in Diyarbakır ruled in 2006 that the defendants were military personnel and should be tried in a military court.<sup id="cite_ref-jitemvardir_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jitemvardir-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the report of Kutlu Savaş PKK <i>İtirafçı</i> confessor Hayrettin Toka had been involved in many killings of JİTEM. He was apprehended in Karamürsel in December 2005 and taken to Diyarbakir. A judge released him on 16 January 2006. In his testimony Toka stated that he had been imprisoned for 12.5 years.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C4%B1rnak_death_well_trials" title="Şırnak death well trials">Şırnak death well trials</a>: on 11 September 2009 Diyarbakır Heavy Penal Court No. 6 started to hear the case of 7 defendants charged with 20 killings that had been committed between 1993 and 1995 when Colonel <a href="/wiki/Cemal_Temiz%C3%B6z" title="Cemal Temizöz">Cemil Temizöz</a> had been the commander of Cizre Gendarmerie Station in Şırnak province, Cizre district.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 17 September 2010 the 18th hearing was held.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2005 <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eemdinli_incident" title="Şemdinli incident">Şemdinli incident</a> involved Gendarmerie intelligence personnel and alleged links to JİTEM. Three men were sentenced to 39 years for murder in a grenade attack. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Zeki-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zeki_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zeki_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAyik1997" class="citation news cs1">Ayik, Zeki (1997-01-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081009000000/http://turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=1902">"PKK confessors turn into state hitmen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Daily_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Daily News">Turkish Daily News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=1902">the original</a> on 2008-10-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Turkish+Daily+News&rft.atitle=PKK+confessors+turn+into+state+hitmen&rft.date=1997-01-17&rft.aulast=Ayik&rft.aufirst=Zeki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fturkishdailynews.com.tr%2Farchives.php%3Fid%3D1902&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tdnarchives.blogspot.com/1997/01/pkk-confessors-turn-into-state-hitmen.html">Alt URL</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HRFT39-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HRFT39_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HRFT39_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090205022400/http://www.tihv.org.tr/tihve/data/Yayinlar/Human_Rights_Reports/Ra1998HumanRigthsReport.pdf">"1998 Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from the original on February 5, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1998+Report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tihv.org.tr%2Ftihve%2Fdata%2FYayinlar%2FHuman_Rights_Reports%2FRa1998HumanRigthsReport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span> (archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tihv.org.tr/EN/data/Yayinlar/Human_Rights_Reports/Ra1998HumanRigthsReport.pdf">the original</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081003030413/http://www.tihv.org.tr/EN/data/Yayinlar/Human_Rights_Reports/Ra1998HumanRigthsReport.pdf">Archived</a> October 3, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> 2009-02-05), <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Foundation_of_Turkey" title="Human Rights Foundation of Turkey">Human Rights Foundation of Turkey</a>, chapter II, "SUSURLUK SCANDAL: Counter-Guerrilla Affairs", p.39-86 (see quotation on p.40): "It seems that some illegal methods were employed within the state during the anti-terrorist struggle. In the report, some military people are mentioned, but the report implies that the army as a whole was not involved in such affairs. I am glad to hear that. If the army had been involved in such affairs, it would have been highly difficult for us to solve the problem. On the other hand, the situation of the Gendarmerie is a bit complex because its affiliation is to both the army and the Ministry of Interior Affairs. That's an outcome of the report. JİTEM seems corrupted."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TIHV-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TIHV_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TIHV_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090205022400/http://www.tihv.org.tr/tihve/data/Yayinlar/Human_Rights_Reports/Ra1998HumanRigthsReport.pdf">"1998 Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from the original on February 5, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1998+Report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tihv.org.tr%2Ftihve%2Fdata%2FYayinlar%2FHuman_Rights_Reports%2FRa1998HumanRigthsReport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Foundation_of_Turkey" title="Human Rights Foundation of Turkey">Human Rights Foundation of Turkey</a>, chapter II, "SUSURLUK SCANDAL: Counter-guerilla Affairs", p.46: The report prepared by Prime Ministry Inspection Board Deputy Chairman Kutlu Savaş mentioned JİTEM as involved in gang activities. However, JİTEM is among the "state secrets" of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a>. Yılmaz accepted the existence of JİTEM but argued that "military officials were not involved and they intervened when they learned about it." Yılmaz carefully tried to relieve military officials, the Gendarmerie's former Commander General Teoman Koman from responsibility. Deputy Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit said, "JİTEM is mentioned in the report. However, the Gendarmerie and JİTEM are not equal to the army."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Safile-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Safile_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Safile_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUsul2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Usul, Safile (2008-09-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081231043421/http://www.gazeteport.com.tr/GUNCEL/NEWS/GP_280409">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Veli Küçük bana işkence yaptı'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Gazeteport</i> (in Turkish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazeteport.com.tr/GUNCEL/NEWS/GP_280409">the original</a> on 2008-12-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gazeteport&rft.atitle=%27Veli+K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk+bana+i%C5%9Fkence+yapt%C4%B1%27&rft.date=2008-09-08&rft.aulast=Usul&rft.aufirst=Safile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gazeteport.com.tr%2FGUNCEL%2FNEWS%2FGP_280409&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDüzel2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Düzel, Neşe (2008-01-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130113191017/http://www.taraf.com.tr/haber.asp?id=1177">"2009'da kıyamet gibi kan akacaktı"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Taraf" title="Taraf">Taraf</a></i> (in Turkish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taraf.com.tr/haber.asp?id=1177">the original</a> on 2013-01-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-14</span></span>. <q>Derin devlet gene askerî bünye içinde oluşuyor ama artık derin devlet MİT değil. Bugün derin devlet JİTEM.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taraf&rft.atitle=2009%27da+k%C4%B1yamet+gibi+kan+akacakt%C4%B1&rft.date=2008-01-28&rft.aulast=D%C3%BCzel&rft.aufirst=Ne%C5%9Fe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taraf.com.tr%2Fhaber.asp%3Fid%3D1177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080828002722/http://english.sabah.com.tr/169DC79975FD4447B0B37835E0550F59.html">"Assassinations lead to JİTEM"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sabah_(newspaper)" title="Sabah (newspaper)">Sabah</a></i>. 2008-08-25. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.sabah.com.tr/169DC79975FD4447B0B37835E0550F59.html">the original</a> on August 28, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-26</span></span>. <q>JİTEM, considered to be the ancestor of the Ergenekon organization....</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sabah&rft.atitle=Assassinations+lead+to+J%C4%B0TEM&rft.date=2008-08-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.sabah.com.tr%2F169DC79975FD4447B0B37835E0550F59.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kuseyri-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kuseyri_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kuseyri_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuseyri2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kuseyri, Murat (2008-10-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130112004318/http://www.evrensel.net/haber.php?haber_id=38255">"JİTEM Ergenekon'un askeri kanadıdır"</a>. <i>Evrensel</i> (in Turkish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evrensel.net/haber.php?haber_id=38255">the original</a> on 2013-01-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evrensel&rft.atitle=J%C4%B0TEM+Ergenekon%27un+askeri+kanad%C4%B1d%C4%B1r&rft.date=2008-10-04&rft.aulast=Kuseyri&rft.aufirst=Murat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.evrensel.net%2Fhaber.php%3Fhaber_id%3D38255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jamestown Foundation <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=34177">Turkey's Gendarmerie: Reforming a Frontline Unit in the War on Terrorism</a>, Publication: Terrorism Monitor Volume: 6 Issue: 22, November 25, 2008 by Andrew McGregor</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ertan-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ertan_9-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The article INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES OF THE GENDARMERIE CORPS (JİTEM & JİT) by Ertan Beşe, Assistant Professor, Police Academy, Faculty of Security Sciences can be found in the ALMANAC TURKEY 2005: SECURITY SECTOR AND DEMOCRATIC OVERSIGHT (DCAF) - TESEV (Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation) SERIES IN SECURITY SECTOR STUDIES, ALMANAC TURKEY 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/975-8112-79-1" title="Special:BookSources/975-8112-79-1">975-8112-79-1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tesev.org.tr/UD_OBJS/PDF/DEMP/Almanak-2005-Ingilizce-Tam%20Metin.pdf">Link to the pdf-file</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111003153636/http://www.tesev.org.tr/UD_OBJS/PDF/DEMP/Almanak-2005-Ingilizce-Tam%20Metin.pdf">Archived</a> 2011-10-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> pages 172-189</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Serhan Yedig, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/pazar/3542856.asp?gid=59">"Bir var bir yok! Hem var hem yok JİTEM"</a> Hürriyet, 21 November 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zaman.com.tr/haber.do?haberno=126156">Tokat Paşa: Suçlular cezalandırılsın, ordu yıpratılmasın</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229133617/http://www.zaman.com.tr/haber.do?haberno=126156">Archived</a> 2012-02-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Zaman, 29 December 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKILIÇ2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">KILIÇ, Ecevit (2009-01-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arsiv.sabah.com.tr/2009/01/26/haber,5513A29C7AE244A585461D159D448608.html">"5 bin kişiyi öldüren JİTEM dağıtılmadı"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sabah_(newspaper)" title="Sabah (newspaper)">Sabah</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-23</span></span>. <q>JİTEM dağıtılmadı. Sadece kadroları aktif değil. Eleman ağı aynen duruyor.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sabah&rft.atitle=5+bin+ki%C5%9Fiyi+%C3%B6ld%C3%BCren+J%C4%B0TEM+da%C4%9F%C4%B1t%C4%B1lmad%C4%B1&rft.date=2009-01-26&rft.aulast=KILI%C3%87&rft.aufirst=Ecevit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farsiv.sabah.com.tr%2F2009%2F01%2F26%2Fhaber%2C5513A29C7AE244A585461D159D448608.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For Article 5 of Law on the Establishment, Duties and Jurisdiction of Gendarmerie No. 2803, see Resmi Gazete (Official Gazette) No. 17985, dated 12 March 1983. "<i>The Organisation of the General Command of Gendarmerie is stated in its own establishment and staff decrees in accordance with the nature of its duties and the principles of the Turkish Armed Forces. The Gendarmerie General Command's establishment, staff and duty stations are regulated by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in consultation with the General Staff. During times of mobilization and war, squads under the command of military departments are organised with the approval of the General Staff. The organisation and mobilising of gendarmerie squads that are charged with security and public order duties are based on civilian divisions except in inevitable situations. To provide productivity and efficiency of service, organisations that cover more than one province are also considered</i>."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For the Law Concerning Amendments to Some Laws No. 5397 see Resmi Gazete (Official Gazette) dated 23 July 2005 No. 25884.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÖnal2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_%C3%96nal" title="Ayşe Önal">Önal, Ayşe</a> (2008-07-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yenisafak.com.tr/Gundem/?t=24.07.2008&c=1&i=130671">"Veli Küçük beni işten kovdurttu"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yeni_%C5%9Eafak" title="Yeni Şafak">Yeni Şafak</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yeni+%C5%9Eafak&rft.atitle=Veli+K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk+beni+i%C5%9Ften+kovdurttu&rft.date=2008-07-24&rft.aulast=%C3%96nal&rft.aufirst=Ay%C5%9Fe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fyenisafak.com.tr%2FGundem%2F%3Ft%3D24.07.2008%26c%3D1%26i%3D130671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jitemvardir-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jitemvardir_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jitemvardir_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2006/02/16/guncel/gun01.html">"JİTEM vardır!"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Milliyet" title="Milliyet">Milliyet</a></i> (in Turkish). 2006-02-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-25</span></span>. <q>Jandarma Genel Komutanı Teoman Koman: 'Jandarma teşkilatı içinde JİTEM adında legal ya da illegal bir örgüt kurulmamıştır, yoktur. Ama jandarma dışında bu ismi kullanıp kanunsuz işler yapan bir grup vardır'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milliyet&rft.atitle=J%C4%B0TEM+vard%C4%B1r%21&rft.date=2006-02-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milliyet.com.tr%2F2006%2F02%2F16%2Fguncel%2Fgun01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYedig2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yedig, Serhan (2005-11-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/pazar/3542856.asp?gid=59">"Bir var bir yok. Hem var hem yok JİTEM"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrriyet" title="Hürriyet">Hürriyet</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-05</span></span>. <q>Aynı dönemde Genelkurmay Başkanı Doğan Güreş, Jandarma Genel Komutanı Teoman Koman başta olmak üzere birçok yetkili 'JİTEM adında bir örgüt hiç olmadı' deyip kamuoyunun ruhuna serin su serpmişti.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=H%C3%BCrriyet&rft.atitle=Bir+var+bir+yok.+Hem+var+hem+yok+J%C4%B0TEM&rft.date=2005-11-20&rft.aulast=Yedig&rft.aufirst=Serhan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyet.com.tr%2Fpazar%2F3542856.asp%3Fgid%3D59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYedig2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yedig, Serhan (2005-11-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/pazar/3542856.asp">"Bir var bir yok. Hem var hem yok: JİTEM"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrriyet" title="Hürriyet">Hürriyet</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=H%C3%BCrriyet&rft.atitle=Bir+var+bir+yok.+Hem+var+hem+yok%3A+J%C4%B0TEM&rft.date=2005-11-20&rft.aulast=Yedig&rft.aufirst=Serhan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyet.com.tr%2Fpazar%2F3542856.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSağlar2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Fikri_Sa%C4%9Flar" title="Fikri Sağlar">Sağlar, Fikri</a> (2008-12-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stargazete.com/acikgorus/ergenekon-da-kara-gorundu-mu-156696.htm">"Ergenekon'da kara göründü mü?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Star_(Turkish_newspaper)" title="Star (Turkish newspaper)">Star</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-27</span></span>. <q>JİTEM yasal bir kuruluş olmadığı için 'yok' demek zorundalar. Aksini söylerlerse hepsi birden suçlu olurlar.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Star&rft.atitle=Ergenekon%27da+kara+g%C3%B6r%C3%BCnd%C3%BC+m%C3%BC%3F&rft.date=2008-12-22&rft.aulast=Sa%C4%9Flar&rft.aufirst=Fikri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stargazete.com%2Facikgorus%2Fergenekon-da-kara-gorundu-mu-156696.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÜnlü2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ünlü, Ferhat (2008-08-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sabah.com.tr/2008/08/25/haber,9CF3200315EB4BD5AD6E9FA2AAE87B4B.html">"Hem PKK'nın hem de JİTEM'in itirafçısı Aygan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sabah_(newspaper)" title="Sabah (newspaper)">Sabah</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-27</span></span>. <q>Ben hem PKK'nın hem de JİTEM'in itirafçısıyım. Ama hain değilim, kendimi hain hissetmiyorum. Çünkü hainlerin yaptıklarını açıkladım.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sabah&rft.atitle=Hem+PKK%27n%C4%B1n+hem+de+J%C4%B0TEM%27in+itiraf%C3%A7%C4%B1s%C4%B1+Aygan&rft.date=2008-08-25&rft.aulast=%C3%9Cnl%C3%BC&rft.aufirst=Ferhat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sabah.com.tr%2F2008%2F08%2F25%2Fhaber%2C9CF3200315EB4BD5AD6E9FA2AAE87B4B.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2016">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zaman_Aygan-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zaman_Aygan_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=151356&bolum=100">Okkan assassination linked to JİTEM</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <i><a href="/wiki/Today%27s_Zaman" title="Today's Zaman">Today's Zaman</a></i>, 27 August 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081003210232/http://www.zaman.com.tr/haber.do?haberno=645648">"Cem Ersever'in kayıp arşivi Veli Küçük'ün evinden çıktı iddiası"</a>. <i>Zaman</i> (in Turkish). 2008-01-31. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zaman.com.tr/haber.do?haberno=645648">the original</a> on 2008-10-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-19</span></span>. <q>Ben JİTEM'in kurucusu olarak biliniyorum. Kanunda yeri olan bir birimdir. Bu bende bir meslek hastalığı olarak niteleyebileceğim arşivleme alışkanlığından dolayı bana görev sırasında değişik yerlerden ulaşan belgeleri dosyalayarak muhafaza ettim. Emekli olduktan sonra da bu şekilde gelen belgeleri arşivledim. Beni seven insanlar da bu tür bilgi ve belge akışını bana sağlarlar. Evimde bulunan gizlilik niteliği yüksek olan belgeleri arşivlemem, karakterimin ve alışkanlığımın bir yansımasıdır. Aynı zamanda yazıya dökülen gizli konuşma kayıtları da bunun içinde yer alıyor. Evimde, gündemdeki Ergenekon, Lobi gibi belgelerin orijinal nüshalarının çıkması da arşivleme hastalığımdan kaynaklanmaktadır.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zaman&rft.atitle=Cem+Ersever%27in+kay%C4%B1p+ar%C5%9Fivi+Veli+K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk%27%C3%BCn+evinden+%C3%A7%C4%B1kt%C4%B1+iddias%C4%B1&rft.date=2008-01-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zaman.com.tr%2Fhaber.do%3Fhaberno%3D645648&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFİnci2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">İnci, Fatih (2008-08-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yenisafak.com.tr/Gundem/?i=135387">"JİTEM'ci Albay'dan uyuşturucu servisi!"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yeni_%C5%9Eafak" title="Yeni Şafak">Yeni Şafak</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-19</span></span>. <q>Kardeşim ben JİTEM'in kurucusuyum. Bana gramlık uyuşturucunun hesabını soruyorsunuz. Bunları görev icabı ihtayacı olanlara veriyorum. Si....m uyuşturucusunu.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yeni+%C5%9Eafak&rft.atitle=J%C4%B0TEM%27ci+Albay%27dan+uyu%C5%9Fturucu+servisi%21&rft.date=2008-08-19&rft.aulast=%C4%B0nci&rft.aufirst=Fatih&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fyenisafak.com.tr%2FGundem%2F%3Fi%3D135387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarapinar2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Karapinar, Turker (2008-08-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milliyet.com.tr/Siyaset/HaberDetay.aspx?aType=HaberDetay&Kategori=siyaset&ArticleID=979078&Date=16.08.2008&b=%27J%C4%B0TEM%E2%80%99in%20uygulac%C4%B1s%C4%B1yd%C4%B1m%27">"Emekli Albay Doğan: JİTEM'in uygulacısıydım"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Milliyet" title="Milliyet">Milliyet</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-19</span></span>. <q>Ergenekon'la alakam yoktur. Ergenekon'u soruşturma aşamasında duydum. 21 yıl dağlarda görev yaptım. JİTEM'in de dağlarda uygulayıcısıydım.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milliyet&rft.atitle=Emekli+Albay+Do%C4%9Fan%3A+J%C4%B0TEM%27in+uygulac%C4%B1s%C4%B1yd%C4%B1m&rft.date=2008-08-16&rft.aulast=Karapinar&rft.aufirst=Turker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milliyet.com.tr%2FSiyaset%2FHaberDetay.aspx%3FaType%3DHaberDetay%26Kategori%3Dsiyaset%26ArticleID%3D979078%26Date%3D16.08.2008%26b%3D%2527J%25C4%25B0TEM%25E2%2580%2599in%2520uygulac%25C4%25B1s%25C4%25B1yd%25C4%25B1m%2527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zaman132811-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zaman132811_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zaman132811_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuvakli2008" class="citation news cs1">Duvakli, Melik (2008-01-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080603220019/http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=132811">"JİTEM hitman: Veli Küçük conceals masterminds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Zaman_(newspaper)" title="Zaman (newspaper)">Zaman</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=132811">the original</a> on 2008-06-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zaman&rft.atitle=J%C4%B0TEM+hitman%3A+Veli+K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk+conceals+masterminds&rft.date=2008-01-30&rft.aulast=Duvakli&rft.aufirst=Melik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.todayszaman.com%2Ftz-web%2Fdetaylar.do%3Fload%3Ddetay%26link%3D132811&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŞardanKarapinar,_Turker2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Şardan, Tolga; Karapinar, Turker (2008-08-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milliyet.com.tr/Siyaset/HaberDetay.aspx?aType=HaberDetay&ArticleID=980869&Kategori=siyaset&Date=21.08.2008&b=J%DDTEM%92i%20ben%20kurdum,%20Veli%20K%FC%E7%FCk%92e%20devrettim&ver=13">"JİTEM'i ben kurdum, Veli Küçük'e devrettim"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Milliyet" title="Milliyet">Milliyet</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-21</span></span>. <q>1990'da Jandarma İstihbarat Grup Komutanlığı görevimi kendisine devrettim. Bu sırada yarbay olarak görev yapıyordum. Görev alanımız Türkiye geneliydi. Küçük ise albaydı.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milliyet&rft.atitle=J%C4%B0TEM%27i+ben+kurdum%2C+Veli+K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk%27e+devrettim&rft.date=2008-08-21&rft.aulast=%C5%9Eardan&rft.aufirst=Tolga&rft.au=Karapinar%2C+Turker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milliyet.com.tr%2FSiyaset%2FHaberDetay.aspx%3FaType%3DHaberDetay%26ArticleID%3D980869%26Kategori%3Dsiyaset%26Date%3D21.08.2008%26b%3DJ%25DDTEM%2592i%2520ben%2520kurdum%2C%2520Veli%2520K%25FC%25E7%25FCk%2592e%2520devrettim%26ver%3D13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">see the daily <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/pazar/3542856.asp?gid=59">Hürriyet of 20 November 2005</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arif Doğan was detained in August 2008 (see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tuerkeiforum.net/enw/index.php/Weekly_Report_33/2008">Weekly report of the HRFT</a>) and released because of illness 11 months later (see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zaman.com.tr/haber.do?haberno=874905">the daily Zaman of 30 July 2009</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229133601/http://www.zaman.com.tr/haber.do?haberno=874905">Archived</a> 29 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arif-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-arif_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-arif_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Habert%C3%BCrk" title="Habertürk">Habertürk</a></i>, 26 September 2010, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haberturk.com/gundem/haber/555417-jitemi-ben-kurdum-ben-dondurdum">'JİTEM'i ben kurdum, ben dondurdum'</a>; accessed on 27 September 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stat-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stat_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stat_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.habervitrini.com/haber.asp?id=386035">article in Haber Vitrin of 9 February 2009</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720004525/http://www.habervitrini.com/haber.asp?id=386035">Archived</a> 20 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; accessed on 27 September 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tabela-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tabela_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tabela_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCicek2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Cicek, Nevzat (2008-12-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130418165455/http://www.taraf.com.tr/haber.asp?id=23635">"JİTEM tabelası bile vardı"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Taraf" title="Taraf">Taraf</a></i> (in Turkish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taraf.com.tr/haber.asp?id=23635">the original</a> on 2013-04-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-04</span></span>. <q>Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı-İstihbarat Başkanlığı-Gruplar Komutanlığı-Grup Komutanlıkları (Bunlar yedi ayrı bölgede konumlanmıştır)-Tim Komutanlıkları-Birimler.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taraf&rft.atitle=J%C4%B0TEM+tabelas%C4%B1+bile+vard%C4%B1&rft.date=2008-12-17&rft.aulast=Cicek&rft.aufirst=Nevzat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taraf.com.tr%2Fhaber.asp%3Fid%3D23635&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-evrensel-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-evrensel_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-evrensel_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuseyri2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kuseyri, Murat (2008-10-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130112002656/http://www.evrensel.net/haber.php?haber_id=38203">"Savcılara hatırlatma"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Evrensel" title="Evrensel">Günlük Evrensel Gazetesi</a></i> (in Turkish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evrensel.net/haber.php?haber_id=38203">the original</a> on 2013-01-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=G%C3%BCnl%C3%BCk+Evrensel+Gazetesi&rft.atitle=Savc%C4%B1lara+hat%C4%B1rlatma&rft.date=2008-10-03&rft.aulast=Kuseyri&rft.aufirst=Murat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.evrensel.net%2Fhaber.php%3Fhaber_id%3D38203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŞık2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_%C5%9E%C4%B1k" title="Ahmet Şık">Şık, Ahmet</a> (2009-03-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.habervesaire.com/haber/1339/">"Fırat'ın ötesi: ÖHD, ÖKK, JİTEM, Ergenekon…"</a>. <i>Habervesaire</i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-22</span></span>. <q>JİTEM'in örgütsel yapısını tam olarak bilmek mümkün değil. Ama jandarma içinde merkezi Ankara'da, çoğunluğu Güneydoğu'da olmak üzere belli bölgeler de grup komutanlıkları şeklinde örgütlendiği, illerde jandarma alay komutanlıklarının bünyesinde, emirleri doğrudan Ankara'daki merkezden alan, istihbarat, sorgu ve operasyon şeklinde üçlü faaliyet gösteren bir yapı olduğu anlaşılıyor.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Habervesaire&rft.atitle=F%C4%B1rat%27%C4%B1n+%C3%B6tesi%3A+%C3%96HD%2C+%C3%96KK%2C+J%C4%B0TEM%2C+Ergenekon%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.aulast=%C5%9E%C4%B1k&rft.aufirst=Ahmet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.habervesaire.com%2Fhaber%2F1339%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŞık2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_%C5%9E%C4%B1k" title="Ahmet Şık">Şık, Ahmet</a> (2009-03-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.habervesaire.com/haber/1339/">"Fırat'ın ötesi: ÖHD, ÖKK, JİTEM, Ergenekon…"</a>. <i>Habervesaire</i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-22</span></span>. <q>JİTEM sözüm ona PKK'ya karşı 'gayri nizami harp' faaliyetleri yürütmek üzere kuruldu, ama hiçbir zaman doğrudan PKK'nın kırsaldaki silahlı gruplarıyla karşı karşıya gelmedi.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Habervesaire&rft.atitle=F%C4%B1rat%27%C4%B1n+%C3%B6tesi%3A+%C3%96HD%2C+%C3%96KK%2C+J%C4%B0TEM%2C+Ergenekon%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.aulast=%C5%9E%C4%B1k&rft.aufirst=Ahmet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.habervesaire.com%2Fhaber%2F1339%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŞık2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_%C5%9E%C4%B1k" title="Ahmet Şık">Şık, Ahmet</a> (2009-03-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.habervesaire.com/haber/1339/">"Fırat'ın ötesi: ÖHD, ÖKK, JİTEM, Ergenekon…"</a>. <i>Habervesaire</i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-22</span></span>. <q>Örgüt bölgede muhbirlerden yararlanarak PKK yanlısı kişilerin öldürülmesi, gerilla kılığıyla köylere baskın düzenlenmesi, kişilerin gözaltına alınarak işkenceden geçirilmesi veya kaybedilmesi gibi eylemler gerçekleştirdi.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Habervesaire&rft.atitle=F%C4%B1rat%27%C4%B1n+%C3%B6tesi%3A+%C3%96HD%2C+%C3%96KK%2C+J%C4%B0TEM%2C+Ergenekon%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.aulast=%C5%9E%C4%B1k&rft.aufirst=Ahmet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.habervesaire.com%2Fhaber%2F1339%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuvakli2009" class="citation news cs1">Duvakli, Melik (2009-01-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=163093">"JİTEM behind Anter and Aydın murders, claims Kurdish group"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Today%27s_Zaman" title="Today's Zaman">Today's Zaman</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-03</span></span>. <q>He alleged that jailed PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan told the DTP through his lawyers not to become involved in discussions about Ergenekon.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Today%27s+Zaman&rft.atitle=J%C4%B0TEM+behind+Anter+and+Ayd%C4%B1n+murders%2C+claims+Kurdish+group&rft.date=2009-01-03&rft.aulast=Duvakli&rft.aufirst=Melik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.todayszaman.com%2Ftz-web%2Fdetaylar.do%3Fload%3Ddetay%26link%3D163093&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKilic2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kilic, Ecevit (2008-11-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arsiv.sabah.com.tr/2008/10/27/haber,875803E7D72F492BB243AE76F5830EDF.html">"Anter cinayetinde sadece JİTEM değil PKK da var"</a>. <i>Sabah</i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-04</span></span>. <q>Birbirlerine karşıt olduklarına bakmayın, perdenin arkasında sarmaş dolaşlar.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sabah&rft.atitle=Anter+cinayetinde+sadece+J%C4%B0TEM+de%C4%9Fil+PKK+da+var&rft.date=2008-11-27&rft.aulast=Kilic&rft.aufirst=Ecevit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farsiv.sabah.com.tr%2F2008%2F10%2F27%2Fhaber%2C875803E7D72F492BB243AE76F5830EDF.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The names given in various publications are: Musa Anter, Vedat Aydın, Musa Toprak, Mehmet Şen, Talat Akyıldız, Zahit Turan, Necati Aydın, Ramazan Keskin, Mehmet Ay, Murat Aslan, İdris Yıldırım, Servet Aslan, Sıddık Yetmez, Edip Aksoy, Ahmet Ceylan, Şahabettin Latifeci, Abdülkadir Çelikbilek, Mehmet Salih Dönen, İhsan Haran, Fethi Yıldırım, Abdülkerim Zoğurlu, Zana Zoğurlu, Melle İzzettin, Hakkı Kaya, Harbi Arman, Fikri Özgen, and Muhsin Göl. Of these, Murat Aslan's remains were found in the place described by Aygan, and a forensic dental and ballistic tests confirmed the identity of the victim. Further details can be found in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tihv.org.tr/index.php?turkiye-insan-haklari-raporu">2005 annual report of the Human Rights Foundation of Turkey</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŞık2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_%C5%9E%C4%B1k" title="Ahmet Şık">Şık, Ahmet</a> (2005-02-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090214085054/http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=142287">"Acı bir Susurluk öyküsü"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Radikal" title="Radikal">Radikal</a></i> (in Turkish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=142287">the original</a> on 2009-02-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radikal&rft.atitle=Ac%C4%B1+bir+Susurluk+%C3%B6yk%C3%BCs%C3%BC&rft.date=2005-02-03&rft.aulast=%C5%9E%C4%B1k&rft.aufirst=Ahmet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radikal.com.tr%2Fhaber.php%3Fhaberno%3D142287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEkinci2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ekinci, Burhan (2005-02-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bianet.org/bianet/kategori/insanhaklari/53545/iste-itiraf-iste-ceset-sorumlular-nerede">"İşte İtiraf, İşte Ceset! Sorumlular Nerede?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bianet" title="Bianet">Bianet</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bianet&rft.atitle=%C4%B0%C5%9Fte+%C4%B0tiraf%2C+%C4%B0%C5%9Fte+Ceset%21+Sorumlular+Nerede%3F&rft.date=2005-02-02&rft.aulast=Ekinci&rft.aufirst=Burhan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bianet.org%2Fbianet%2Fkategori%2Finsanhaklari%2F53545%2Fiste-itiraf-iste-ceset-sorumlular-nerede&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=161589">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'A piece of bone could shed light on Silopi executions'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Today%27s_Zaman" title="Today's Zaman">Today's Zaman</a></i>. 2008-12-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Today%27s+Zaman&rft.atitle=%27A+piece+of+bone+could+shed+light+on+Silopi+executions%27&rft.date=2008-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.todayszaman.com%2Ftz-web%2Fdetaylar.do%3Fload%3Ddetay%26link%3D161589&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOktay2008" class="citation news cs1">Oktay, Mehmet (2008-12-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=161800">"Family believes four members were executed with acid"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Today%27s_Zaman" title="Today's Zaman">Today's Zaman</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Today%27s+Zaman&rft.atitle=Family+believes+four+members+were+executed+with+acid&rft.date=2008-12-20&rft.aulast=Oktay&rft.aufirst=Mehmet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.todayszaman.com%2Ftz-web%2Fdetaylar.do%3Fload%3Ddetay%26link%3D161800&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081217050445/http://www.bugun.com.tr/haber_detay.asp?haberID=48497">"Kaçak Paşa'nın korku imparatorluğu"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bug%C3%BCn" title="Bugün">Bugün</a></i> (in Turkish). Koza İpek Gazetecilik ve Yayıncılık A.Ş. 2008-12-17. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bugun.com.tr/haber_detay.asp?haberID=48497">the original</a> on 2008-12-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bug%C3%BCn&rft.atitle=Ka%C3%A7ak+Pa%C5%9Fa%27n%C4%B1n+korku+imparatorlu%C4%9Fu&rft.date=2008-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bugun.com.tr%2Fhaber_detay.asp%3FhaberID%3D48497&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMehtap2009" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mehtap, Söyler (21 September 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091004105903/http://www.bundestag.de/dasparlament/2009/39-40/Beilage/001.html">"Der demokratische Reformprozess in der Türkei"</a>. <i>Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte</i> (in German). <b>39</b>. Berlin. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bundestag.de/dasparlament/2009/39-40/Beilage/001.html">the original</a> on 4 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2009</span>. <q>Der türkische Menschenrechtsverein IHD schätzt, dass der JİTEM zwischen 1989 und 2008 an etwa 5000 unaufgeklärten Morden an Journalisten, Menschenrechtlern, Intellektuellen und politischen Aktivisten beteiligt war und für das Verschwinden von etwa 1500 Personen verantwortlich ist.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aus+Politik+und+Zeitgeschichte&rft.atitle=Der+demokratische+Reformprozess+in+der+T%C3%BCrkei&rft.volume=39&rft.date=2009-09-21&rft.aulast=Mehtap&rft.aufirst=S%C3%B6yler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundestag.de%2Fdasparlament%2F2009%2F39-40%2FBeilage%2F001.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKILIÇ2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">KILIÇ, Ecevit (2009-01-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arsiv.sabah.com.tr/2009/01/26/haber,5513A29C7AE244A585461D159D448608.html">"5 bin kişiyi öldüren JİTEM dağıtılmadı"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sabah_(newspaper)" title="Sabah (newspaper)">Sabah</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-23</span></span>. <q>İbrahim Babat adlı itirafçı 61 kişiyi öldürmekle yargılandı. * Faili meçhul sayısı kaç? Bu konuda net bir rakam söylemek mümkün değil. JİTEM'in öldürdüğü veya öldürdükten sonra kaybettiği kaç kişi var? 4 binden fazla, 5 bin civarında.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sabah&rft.atitle=5+bin+ki%C5%9Fiyi+%C3%B6ld%C3%BCren+J%C4%B0TEM+da%C4%9F%C4%B1t%C4%B1lmad%C4%B1&rft.date=2009-01-26&rft.aulast=KILI%C3%87&rft.aufirst=Ecevit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farsiv.sabah.com.tr%2F2009%2F01%2F26%2Fhaber%2C5513A29C7AE244A585461D159D448608.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTuna2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tuna, Banu (2005-03-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/2005/03/20/616517.asp">"4653 faili meçhul belgeseli"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrriyet" title="Hürriyet">Hürriyet</a></i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-24</span></span>. <q>4653 rakamına nasıl ulaştınız? - Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi'ne giden davalara baktık. Bölge barolarının yaptıkları çalışmaları inceledik. İnsan Hakları Derneği'nin merkez ve Diyarbakır şubelerinin çalışmalarına baktık. Yakınlarını Kaybedenler Derneği'nin istatistiklerinden de yola çıkarak bu rakama ulaştık.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=H%C3%BCrriyet&rft.atitle=4653+faili+me%C3%A7hul+belgeseli&rft.date=2005-03-20&rft.aulast=Tuna&rft.aufirst=Banu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr%2F2005%2F03%2F20%2F616517.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuvakli2009" class="citation news cs1">Duvakli, Melik (2009-03-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=203078">"Wife of slain Kurdish politician says husband killed by JİTEM"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Today%27s_Zaman" title="Today's Zaman">Today's Zaman</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-24</span></span>. <q>Şükran Aydın: a clandestine unit within the gendarmerie is responsible for the murder</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Today%27s+Zaman&rft.atitle=Wife+of+slain+Kurdish+politician+says+husband+killed+by+J%C4%B0TEM&rft.date=2009-03-02&rft.aulast=Duvakli&rft.aufirst=Melik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.todayszaman.com%2Ftz-web%2Fdetaylar.do%3Fload%3Ddetay%26link%3D203078&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716184106/http://www.taraf.com.tr/haber/vedat-aydin-cinayeti-raftan-indi.htm">"Vedat Aydın cinayeti raftan indi"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Taraf" title="Taraf">Taraf</a></i> (in Turkish). 2009-05-06. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taraf.com.tr/haber/vedat-aydin-cinayeti-raftan-indi.htm">the original</a> on 2011-07-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-24</span></span>. <q>Diyarbakır Özel yetkili Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığı, aralarında Diyarbakır JİTEM eski Grup Komutanı Binbaşı Aytekin Özen'in de bulunduğu altısı itirafçı dokuz JİTEM elemanı hakkında yakalama emri çıkardı.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taraf&rft.atitle=Vedat+Ayd%C4%B1n+cinayeti+raftan+indi&rft.date=2009-05-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taraf.com.tr%2Fhaber%2Fvedat-aydin-cinayeti-raftan-indi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Duvakli-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Duvakli_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Duvakli_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Duvakli_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Duvakli, Melik, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&link=151355">JİTEM's illegal actions cost Turkey a fortune</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120606143652/http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&link=151355">Archived</a> 2012-06-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Today%27s_Zaman" title="Today's Zaman">Today's Zaman</a></i>, 27 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zaman_13-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zaman_13_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=150071">Ergenekon indictment reopens gendarmerie major's murder case</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081205213650/http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=150071">Archived</a> December 5, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Today%27s_Zaman" title="Today's Zaman">Today's Zaman</a></i>, 13 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110711003411/http://www.firatnews.com/index.php?rupel=arsiv&anf=nuce2&nuceID=2051">"Bir astsubayın kaleminde JİTEM gerçeği"</a>. <i>ANF</i> (in Turkish). 2008-08-29. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.firatnews.com/index.php?rupel=arsiv&anf=nuce2&nuceID=2051">the original</a> on 2011-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-25</span></span>. <q>1990'lı yıllarda Kürtlerin korkulu rüyası haline gelen JİTEM ekipleri infazların yanısıra makam araçlarıyla uyuşturucu ticareti, silah kaçakçılığı da yaptığına ilişkin bir astsubayın anlattıkları mahkemeye delil olarak sunuldu.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ANF&rft.atitle=Bir+astsubay%C4%B1n+kaleminde+J%C4%B0TEM+ger%C3%A7e%C4%9Fi&rft.date=2008-08-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.firatnews.com%2Findex.php%3Frupel%3Darsiv%26anf%3Dnuce2%26nuceID%3D2051&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŞık2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_%C5%9E%C4%B1k" title="Ahmet Şık">Şık, Ahmet</a> (2009-03-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.habervesaire.com/haber/1339/">"Fırat'ın ötesi: ÖHD, ÖKK, JİTEM, Ergenekon…"</a>. <i>Habervesaire</i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-22</span></span>. <q>1997 yılında müdahil olduğum ve JİTEM görevlilerinin suçlandığı bir davada İdil Savcısı İlhan Cihaner'in fezlekesinde bunu adı konmuştur. Savcının ciddi saptamaları vardır. Savcı fezlekesinde kamu görevlileri, itirafçılar ve başka bazı kişilerin de içinde olduğu ve adam öldürme, bombalama, gözaltında kaybetme gibi suçları işleyen ülke genelinde örgütlü bir suç örgütü var diyor. Bu fezlekenin sanıklarının 1. sırasında yer alan isim Ahmet Cem Ersever'dir ki JİTEM'in kurucusu olduğunu herkes biliyor. Sonra 2. sıradaki sanık, şimdi Ergenekon soruşturmasının tutukluları arasında yer alan ve yine JİTEM'in kurucularından olan Arif Doğan'dır.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Habervesaire&rft.atitle=F%C4%B1rat%27%C4%B1n+%C3%B6tesi%3A+%C3%96HD%2C+%C3%96KK%2C+J%C4%B0TEM%2C+Ergenekon%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.aulast=%C5%9E%C4%B1k&rft.aufirst=Ahmet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.habervesaire.com%2Fhaber%2F1339%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Detailed background can be found in <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.gundem-online.net/haber.asp?haberid=96101">http://www.gundem-online.net/haber.asp?haberid=96101</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> gündemonline of 3 September 2010; accessed on 27 September 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Compare the daily Zaman of 12 May 2010, quoted in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tuerkeiforum.net/enw/index.php/12.05.2010_Daily_Human_Rights_Report">daily reports of the Democratic Turkey Forum</a>; accessed on 27 September 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Judgments of the ECtHR can be found at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.echr.coe.int/ECHR/EN/hudoc">http://www.echr.coe.int/ECHR/EN/hudoc</a>. You can search by the Application no. 25657/94 or CASE OF AVŞAR v. TURKEY</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121019152323/http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=176217&tarih=20%2F01%2F2006">"PKK itirafçısı Toka'ya tahliye"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Radikal" title="Radikal">Radikal</a></i> (in Turkish). 2006-01-20. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=176217&tarih=20/01/2006">the original</a> on 2012-10-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-25</span></span>. <q>Kutlu Savaş'ın Susurluk Raporu'nda adı geçen ve JİTEM adına çok sayıda faili meçhul cinayete karıştığı öne sürülen PKK itirafçısı Hayrettin Toka, 10 yıl sonra Karamürsel'de yakalandı. Diyarbakır'a getirilen Hayrettin Toka, ifade verdikten sonra serbest bırakıldı.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radikal&rft.atitle=PKK+itiraf%C3%A7%C4%B1s%C4%B1+Toka%27ya+tahliye&rft.date=2006-01-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radikal.com.tr%2Fhaber.php%3Fhaberno%3D176217%26tarih%3D20%2F01%2F2006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrriyet" title="Hürriyet">Hürriyet</a></i>, 11 September 2009, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/12458649.asp">Albay Temizöz davası başladı</a>; accessed on 27 September 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Details on hearings in this case can be found in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tuerkeiforum.net/enw/index.php/Reports_in_English">daily reports of the Human Rights Foundation of Turkey</a>, backed up by the Democratic Turkey Forum; the relevant dates are: 03-05.04.2010, 08-10.05.2010, 05-07.06.2010, 15.06.2010, 10-12.07.2010 and 07-09.08.2010</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel_tim-%C3%96zel_Harekat_Timi_(Special_Team)" class="mw-redirect" title="Özel tim-Özel Harekat Timi (Special Team)">Özel tim-Özel Harekat Timi (Special Team)</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErsever2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ersever, Ahmet Cem (2007). <i>Kürtler, PKK ve Abdullah Öcalan</i> (in Turkish). Istanbul: Milenyum Yayınları. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789758773251" title="Special:BookSources/9789758773251"><bdi>9789758773251</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=K%C3%BCrtler%2C+PKK+ve+Abdullah+%C3%96calan&rft.place=Istanbul&rft.pub=Milenyum+Yay%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9789758773251&rft.aulast=Ersever&rft.aufirst=Ahmet+Cem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGendarmerie+Intelligence+Organization" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecevit_K%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C3%A7" title="Ecevit Kılıç">Ecevit Kılıç</a> (2011), <i>Jitem: Türkiye'nin Faili Meçhul Tarihi</i>, <a href="/wiki/Tima%C5%9F_Yay%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Timaş Yayınları">Timaş Yayınları</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two series of articles in pro-Kurdish newspapers: </p> <ul><li>JİTEMciler konuşuyor: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921154800/http://www.gundemonline.org/haber.asp?haberid=43287">1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gundemonline.org/haber.asp?haberid=43288">2</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gundemonline.org/haber.asp?haberid=43290">3</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gundemonline.org/haber.asp?haberid=43292">4</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gundemonline.org/haber.asp?haberid=43295">5</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gundemonline.org/haber.asp?haberid=43296">6</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <span class="languageicon">(in Turkish)</span> [Dead links]</li> <li>JİTEM'i deşifre ediyoruz: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yeniozgurpolitika.org/?bolum=haber&hid=2070">1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yeniozgurpolitika.org/?bolum=haber&hid=2178">2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yeniozgurpolitika.org/?bolum=haber&hid=2180">3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yeniozgurpolitika.org/?bolum=haber&hid=2227">4</a>. <span class="languageicon">(in Turkish)</span>[Dead links]</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kurdistan_Workers&#039;_Party_insurgency" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" title="Template:Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" title="Template talk:Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kurdistan_Workers&#039;_Party_insurgency" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency">Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Timelines <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency_(1978%E2%80%932015)" title="Timeline of the Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency (1978–2015)">1978–2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency_(2015%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of the Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency (2015–present)">2015–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkish_insurgency_detailed_map" title="Template:Turkish insurgency detailed map">Map</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Turkey" title="Politics of Turkey">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Turkey)" title="National Security Council (Turkey)">National Security Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Land_Forces" title="Turkish Land Forces">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie_General_Command" title="Gendarmerie General Command">Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Command_(Turkey)" title="Coast Guard Command (Turkey)">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Security_(Turkey)" title="General Directorate of Security (Turkey)">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization" title="National Intelligence Organization">MİT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_guard_system" title="Village guard system">Village Guards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Deep_state_in_Turkey" title="Deep state in Turkey">Deep state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Guerrilla" title="Counter-Guerrilla">Counter-Guerrilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_Wolves_(organization)" title="Grey Wolves (organization)">Grey Wolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Revenge_Brigade" title="Turkish Revenge Brigade">Turkish Revenge Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susurluk_scandal" title="Susurluk scandal">Susurluk scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergenekon_(organization)" title="Ergenekon (organization)">Ergenekon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">JİTEM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kurds" title="Kurds">Kurdish</a> groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Insurgent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/23px-Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/35px-Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/45px-Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Communities_Union" title="Kurdistan Communities Union">KCK</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party">PKK</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="History of the Kurdistan Workers' Party">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg/23px-Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg/35px-Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg/46px-Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Defence_Forces" title="People's Defence Forces">People's Defence Forces</a> (HPG)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg/23px-Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg/35px-Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg/46px-Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_Women%27s_Units" title="Free Women's Units">Free Women's Units</a> (YJA-STAR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_of_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Liberation Front of Kurdistan">National Liberation Front of Kurdistan</a> (ERNK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberation_Forces_OF_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberation Forces OF Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Liberation Forces OF Kurdistan</a> (HRK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_of_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army of Kurdistan">People's Liberation Army of Kurdistan</a> (ARGK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_People%27s_Union_of_Kurdish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Democratic People's Union of Kurdish (page does not exist)">Democratic People's Union of Kurdish</a> (YDK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Society_Coordination_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Democratic Society Coordination of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Democratic Society Coordination of Kurdistan</a> (CDK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Women%27s_Union_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Women's Union of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Free Women's Union of Kurdistan</a> (YAJK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Workers%27_Women_Party_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Workers' Women Party of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Workers' Women Party of Kurdistan</a> (PJKK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Women_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Women Party (page does not exist)">Free Women Party</a> (PJA)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Women%27s_Party_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Women's Party of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Free Women's Party of Kurdistan</a> (PAJK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Women%27s_Liberation_Movement_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Women's Liberation Movement of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Women's Liberation Movement of Kurdistan</a> (KJB)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_and_Democracy_Congress_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom and Democracy Congress of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Freedom and Democracy Congress of Kurdistan</a> (KADEK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Congress_(Turkey)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Congress (Turkey) (page does not exist)">People's Congress</a> (Kongra-Gel)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confederation_Community_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Confederation Community of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Confederation Community of Kurdistan</a> (KKK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Party_of_Kurdistan" title="Revolutionary Party of Kurdistan">Revolutionary Party of Kurdistan</a> (PŞK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Vanguard_Party_of_Kurdistan" title="Workers Vanguard Party of Kurdistan">Workers Vanguard Party of Kurdistan</a> (PPKK)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/InfoboxTAK.png/20px-InfoboxTAK.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/InfoboxTAK.png/31px-InfoboxTAK.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/InfoboxTAK.png/40px-InfoboxTAK.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="195" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Freedom_Hawks" title="Kurdistan Freedom Hawks">TAK</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PDK_Bakur.png/23px-PDK_Bakur.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PDK_Bakur.png/35px-PDK_Bakur.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PDK_Bakur.png/45px-PDK_Bakur.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Democratic_Party/North" title="Kurdistan Democratic Party/North">KDP/N</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/23px-Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/35px-Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/45px-Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Free_Life_Party" title="Kurdistan Free Life Party">PJAK</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Kurdistan">KKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Youth_Movement" title="Free Youth Movement">Free Youth Movement of Kurdistan</a> (TECAK)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/MLKP_Badge.svg/15px-MLKP_Badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/MLKP_Badge.svg/23px-MLKP_Badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/MLKP_Badge.svg/30px-MLKP_Badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Communist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey)">Marxist–Leninist Communist Party</a> (MLKP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/YDG-H" title="YDG-H">Patriotic Revolutionary Youth Movement</a> (YDG-H)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Party_of_Kurdistan" title="Islamic Party of Kurdistan">PIK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Islamic_Movement_(Turkey)" title="Kurdistan Islamic Movement (Turkey)">HİK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Hezbollah" title="Kurdish Hezbollah">KH</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Free_Cause_Party" title="Free Cause Party">Hüda-Par</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_People%27s_Party_(Turkey,_illegal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary People's Party (Turkey, illegal)">DHP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolution_Party_of_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolution Party of Turkey (page does not exist)">TDP</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/ASALA_logo.png/15px-ASALA_logo.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/ASALA_logo.png/23px-ASALA_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/ASALA_logo.png/30px-ASALA_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="491" data-file-height="490" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Secret_Army_for_the_Liberation_of_Armenia" title="Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia">ASALA</a> <small>(until the late 1980s)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Independence_Movement_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish Independence Movement in Turkey">Political</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Labour_Party_(Turkey)" title="People's Labour Party (Turkey)">HEP</a> (1990–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Party_(Turkey)" title="Democracy Party (Turkey)">DEP</a> (1993–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democracy_Party" title="People's Democracy Party">HADEP</a> (1994–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_People%27s_Party_(Turkey)" title="Democratic People's Party (Turkey)">DEHAP</a> (1997–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Society_Party#Background" title="Democratic Society Party">DTH</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Society_Party" title="Democratic Society Party">DTP</a> (2005–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Democracy_Party" title="Peace and Democracy Party">BDP</a> (2008–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoples%27_Democratic_Party_(Turkey)" title="Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)">HDP</a> (2012–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Regions_Party" title="Democratic Regions Party">DBP</a> (2014–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoples%27_Equality_and_Democracy_Party" title="Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party">DEM</a> (2023–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">The conflict</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">1974–1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_violence_in_Turkey_(1976%E2%80%931980)" title="Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)">Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mara%C5%9F_massacre" title="Maraş massacre">Maraş massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Turkish_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1980 Turkish coup d'état">1980 Turkish coup d'état</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">1984–1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_PKK_attacks" title="1984 PKK attacks">1984 PKK attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karage%C3%A7it_village_massacre" title="Karageçit village massacre">Karageçit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1986_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="August 1986 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">August 1986 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortaba%C4%9F_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Ortabağ Massacre">Ortabağ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1987_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="March 1987 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">March 1987 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%B1narc%C4%B1k_massacre" title="Pınarcık massacre">Pınarcık massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye%C5%9Filova_incident" title="Yeşilova incident">Yeşilova incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%9E%C4%B1rnak" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Şırnak">Battle of Şırnak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1992_Ta%C5%9Fdelen_attack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1992 Taşdelen attack (page does not exist)">1992 Taşdelen attack</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kulp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Kulp (page does not exist)">Battle of Kulp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Northern_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Northern Iraq">Operation Northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_24,_1993_PKK_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="May 24, 1993 PKK attack">May 24, 1993 PKK attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%9Fba%C4%9Flar_massacre" title="Başbağlar massacre">Başbağlar massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lice_massacre" title="Lice massacre">Lice massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_army_winter_campaign_of_1994%E2%80%931995" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish army winter campaign of 1994–1995">Winter Campaign of 1994–1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Steel" title="Operation Steel">Operation Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Hawk" title="Operation Hawk">Operation Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tokat" title="Operation Tokat">Operation Tokat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Tunceli_bombing" title="1996 Tunceli bombing">1996 Tunceli bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Varto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Varto (page does not exist)">Siege of Varto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sazak_assault" title="Sazak assault">Sazak assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Hammer_(1997)" title="Operation Hammer (1997)">Operation Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dawn_(1997)" title="Operation Dawn (1997)">Operation Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Murat" title="Operation Murat">Operation Murat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Istanbul_bombings" title="1999 Istanbul bombings">1999 Istanbul bombings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Market_massacre" title="Blue Market massacre">Blue Market massacre</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">1999–2004</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000_Turkish_Hezbollah_crackdown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000 Turkish Hezbollah crackdown (page does not exist)">2000 Turkish Hezbollah crackdown</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">2004–2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2005_Ku%C5%9Fadas%C4%B1_minibus_bombing" title="2005 Kuşadası minibus bombing">2005 Kuşadası minibus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Ankara_bombing" title="2007 Ankara bombing">2007 Ankara bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2007_clashes_in_Hakk%C3%A2ri" title="October 2007 clashes in Hakkâri">October 2007 clashes in Hakkâri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2007_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="December 2007 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">December 2007 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Diyarbak%C4%B1r_bombing" title="2008 Diyarbakır bombing">2008 Diyarbakır bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Istanbul_bombings" title="2008 Istanbul bombings">2008 Istanbul bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Akt%C3%BCt%C3%BCn_attack" title="2008 Aktütün attack">October 2008 Aktütün attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re%C5%9Fadiye_shooting" title="Reşadiye shooting">Reşadiye shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_%C4%B0skenderun_attack" title="2010 İskenderun attack">2010 İskenderun attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Hakk%C3%A2ri_bus_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Hakkâri bus bombing">2010 Hakkâri bus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Istanbul_bombing" title="2010 Istanbul bombing">2010 Istanbul bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2011_Turkey%E2%80%93Iraq_cross-border_raids" title="August 2011 Turkey–Iraq cross-border raids">August 2011 Turkey–Iraq cross-border raids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Hakk%C3%A2ri_attack" title="2011 Hakkâri attack">2011 Hakkâri attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roboski_massacre" title="Roboski massacre">Roboski massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June%E2%80%93August_2012_Hakkari_clashes" title="June–August 2012 Hakkari clashes">June–August 2012 Hakkari clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Gaziantep_bombing" title="2012 Gaziantep bombing">2012 Gaziantep bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2012_Beyt%C3%BC%C5%9F%C5%9Febap_attack" title="September 2012 Beytüşşebap attack">September 2012 Beytüşşebap attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency_(2015%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of the Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency (2015–present)">2015–present</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Siirt_bombing" title="2015 Siirt bombing">2015 Siirt bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Martyr_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n" title="Operation Martyr Yalçın">Operation Martyr Yalçın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Hakkari_assault" title="2015 Hakkari assault">2015 Hakkari assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Silvan_(2015)" title="Siege of Silvan (2015)">Siege of Silvan (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C4%B1rnak_clashes_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="Şırnak clashes (2015–2016)">Şırnak clashes (2015–2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sur_(2016)" title="Siege of Sur (2016)">Siege of Sur (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2016_Lice_bombing" title="February 2016 Lice bombing">February 2016 Lice bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2016_Ankara_bombing" title="February 2016 Ankara bombing">February 2016 Ankara bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2016_Ankara_bombing" title="March 2016 Ankara bombing">March 2016 Ankara bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2016_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="March 2016 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">March 2016 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Bursa_bombing" title="2016 Bursa bombing">2016 Bursa bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_D%C3%BCr%C3%BCml%C3%BC_bombing" title="May 2016 Dürümlü bombing">May 2016 Dürümlü bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_Diyarbak%C4%B1r_bombing" title="May 2016 Diyarbakır bombing">May 2016 Diyarbakır bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Cizre_bombing" title="2016 Cizre bombing">2016 Cizre bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F_bombing" title="2016 Elazığ bombing">2016 Elazığ bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Deryan_Aktert" title="Assassination of Deryan Aktert">Assassination of Deryan Aktert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2016_Istanbul_bombings" title="December 2016 Istanbul bombings">December 2016 Istanbul bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Diyarbak%C4%B1r_bombing" title="2017 Diyarbakır bombing">2017 Diyarbakır bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_airstrikes_on_Sinjar_(2018)" title="Turkish airstrikes on Sinjar (2018)">Turkish airstrikes on Sinjar (2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Siirt_raid" title="2018 Siirt raid">2018 Siirt raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Gerc%C3%BC%C5%9F_bombing" title="2018 Gercüş bombing">2018 Gercüş bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_%C4%B0skenderun_shootout" title="2020 İskenderun shootout">2020 İskenderun shootout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Eagle_2" title="Operation Claw-Eagle 2">Operation Claw-Eagle 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Lock" title="Operation Claw-Lock">Operation Claw-Lock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zakho_resort_attack" title="Zakho resort attack">Zakho resort attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2022_Mersin_attack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2022 Mersin attack (page does not exist)">2022 Mersin attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Sword" title="Operation Claw-Sword">Operation Claw-Sword</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Ankara_bombing" title="2023 Ankara bombing">2023 Ankara bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2023_Northeastern_Syria_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="October 2023 Northeastern Syria clashes">October 2023 Northeastern Syria clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Serhildan" title="Serhildan">Serhildan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=March_1990_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="March 1990 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=March_1991_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="March 1991 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nowruz_1992_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nowruz 1992 protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1999_Kurdish_protests" title="February 1999 Kurdish protests">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=February_2001_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="February 2001 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=November_2005_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="November 2005 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nowruz_2008_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nowruz 2008 protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2009_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey" title="December 2009 Kurdish protests in Turkey">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey" title="2011–2012 Kurdish protests in Turkey">2011–2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Koban%C3%AE_protests" title="2014 Kobanî protests">2014</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mothers_of_Diyarbak%C4%B1r" title="Mothers of Diyarbakır">Mothers of Diyarbakır</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peace process<br />and peace efforts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%932004_Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_peace_initiatives" title="1991–2004 Kurdish–Turkish peace initiatives">1991–2004 Kurdish–Turkish peace initiatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013%E2%80%932015_PKK%E2%80%93Turkey_peace_process" title="2013–2015 PKK–Turkey peace process">2013–2015 Solution process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_ceasefire" title="1993 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire">1993 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_Anter_peace_train" title="Musa Anter peace train">Musa Anter peace train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009%E2%80%932010_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_ceasefire" title="2009–2010 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire">2009–2010 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kurdish leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Insurgent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Abdullah Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murat_Karay%C4%B1lan" title="Murat Karayılan">Murat Karayılan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cem%C3%AEl_Bayik" title="Cemîl Bayik">Cemîl Bayik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahoz_Erdal" title="Bahoz Erdal">Bahoz Erdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Karasu" title="Mustafa Karasu">Mustafa Karasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duran_Kalkan" title="Duran Kalkan">Duran Kalkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Haji_Ahmadi" title="Abdul Rahman Haji Ahmadi">Haji Ahmadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osman_%C3%96calan" title="Osman Öcalan">Osman Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahsum_Korkmaz" title="Mahsum Korkmaz">Mahsum Korkmaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eemdin_Sak%C4%B1k" title="Şemdin Sakık">Şemdin Sakık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizamettin_Ta%C5%9F" title="Nizamettin Taş">Nizamettin Taş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazlum_Do%C4%9Fan" title="Mazlum Doğan">Mazlum Doğan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Salih_Mustafa" title="Muhammad Salih Mustafa">Muhammad Mustafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCseyin_Velio%C4%9Flu" title="Hüseyin Velioğlu">Hüseyin Velioğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celal_Ba%C5%9Fkale" title="Celal Başkale">Celal Başkale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0smail_%C3%96zden" title="İsmail Özden">İsmail Özden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Political</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmet_Fehmi_I%C5%9F%C4%B1klar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmet Fehmi Işıklar (page does not exist)">Ahmet Fehmi Işıklar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%C5%9Far_Kaya" title="Yaşar Kaya">Yaşar Kaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyla_Zana" title="Leyla Zana">Leyla Zana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatip_Dicle" title="Hatip Dicle">Hatip Dicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orhan_Do%C4%9Fan" title="Orhan Doğan">Orhan Doğan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_T%C3%BCrk" title="Ahmet Türk">Ahmet Türk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murat_Bozlak" title="Murat Bozlak">Murat Bozlak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuncer_Bak%C4%B1rhan" title="Tuncer Bakırhan">Tuncer Bakırhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aysel_Tu%C4%9Fluk" title="Aysel Tuğluk">Aysel Tuğluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selahattin_Demirta%C5%9F" title="Selahattin Demirtaş">Selahattin Demirtaş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurettin_Demirta%C5%9F" title="Nurettin Demirtaş">Nurettin Demirtaş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayla_Akat_Ata" title="Ayla Akat Ata">Ayla Akat Ata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCltan_K%C4%B1%C5%9Fanak" title="Gültan Kışanak">Gültan Kışanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervin_Buldan" title="Pervin Buldan">Pervin Buldan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emine_Ayna" title="Emine Ayna">Emine Ayna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebahat_Tuncel" title="Sebahat Tuncel">Sebahat Tuncel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemal_Burkay" title="Kemal Burkay">Kemal Burkay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatma_Kurtulan" title="Fatma Kurtulan">Fatma Kurtulan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osman_Baydemir" title="Osman Baydemir">Osman Baydemir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1rr%C4%B1_S%C3%BCreyya_%C3%96nder" title="Sırrı Süreyya Önder">Sırrı Süreyya Önder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkish leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenan_Evren" title="Kenan Evren">Kenan Evren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahsin_%C5%9Eahinkaya" title="Tahsin Şahinkaya">Tahsin Şahinkaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClend_Ulusu" title="Bülend Ulusu">Bülend Ulusu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurettin_Ersin" title="Nurettin Ersin">Nurettin Ersin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necdet_%C3%9Cru%C4%9F" title="Necdet Üruğ">Necdet Üruğ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necip_Torumtay" title="Necip Torumtay">Necip Torumtay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C5%9Fref_Bitlis" title="Eşref Bitlis">Eşref Bitlis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fan_G%C3%BCre%C5%9F" title="Doğan Güreş">Doğan Güreş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0smail_Hakk%C4%B1_Karaday%C4%B1" title="İsmail Hakkı Karadayı">İsmail Hakkı Karadayı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCseyin_K%C4%B1vr%C4%B1ko%C4%9Flu" title="Hüseyin Kıvrıkoğlu">Hüseyin Kıvrıkoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilmi_%C3%96zk%C3%B6k" title="Hilmi Özkök">Hilmi Özkök</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0brahim_F%C4%B1rt%C4%B1na" title="İbrahim Fırtına">İbrahim Fırtına</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faruk_C%C3%B6mert" title="Faruk Cömert">Faruk Cömert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%C5%9Far_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCkan%C4%B1t" title="Yaşar Büyükanıt">Yaşar Büyükanıt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aydo%C4%9Fan_Babao%C4%9Flu" title="Aydoğan Babaoğlu">Aydoğan Babaoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lker_Ba%C5%9Fbu%C4%9F" title="İlker Başbuğ">İlker Başbuğ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C5%9F%C4%B1k_Ko%C5%9Faner" title="Işık Koşaner">Işık Koşaner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdal_Ceylano%C4%9Flu" title="Erdal Ceylanoğlu">Erdal Ceylanoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necdet_%C3%96zel" title="Necdet Özel">Necdet Özel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayri_K%C4%B1vr%C4%B1ko%C4%9Flu" title="Hayri Kıvrıkoğlu">Hayri Kıvrıkoğlu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Political</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turgut_%C3%96zal" title="Turgut Özal">Turgut Özal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_Demirel" title="Süleyman Demirel">Süleyman Demirel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClent_Ecevit" title="Bülent Ecevit">Bülent Ecevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Bozer" title="Ali Bozer">Ali Bozer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m_Akbulut" title="Yıldırım Akbulut">Yıldırım Akbulut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdal_%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BC" title="Erdal İnönü">Erdal İnönü</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tansu_%C3%87iller" title="Tansu Çiller">Tansu Çiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necmettin_Erbakan" title="Necmettin Erbakan">Necmettin Erbakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_Necdet_Sezer" title="Ahmet Necdet Sezer">Ahmet Necdet Sezer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_G%C3%BCl" title="Abdullah Gül">Abdullah Gül</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_Soylu" title="Süleyman Soylu">Süleyman Soylu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_monuments_and_memorials_to_the_Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="List of monuments and memorials to the Kurdish–Turkish conflict">Memorials, monuments</a> <br />and <a href="/wiki/List_of_military_cemeteries_to_the_Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="List of military cemeteries to the Kurdish–Turkish conflict">military cemeteries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/33_Martyrs_Memorial" title="33 Martyrs Memorial">33 Martyrs Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCzce_Military_Cemetery" title="Düzce Military Cemetery">Düzce Military Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_of_the_Martyrs_of_Internal_Security" title="Monument of the Martyrs of Internal Security">Monument of the Martyrs of Internal Security</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi%E2%80%93Kurdish_conflict" title="Iraqi–Kurdish conflict">Iraqi–Kurdish conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_separatism_in_Iran" title="Kurdish separatism in Iran">Kurdish separatism in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava_conflict" title="Rojava conflict">Rojava conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_rebellions_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish rebellions in Turkey">Kurdish rebellions in Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_refugees" title="Kurdish refugees">Kurdish refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_of_Kurdish_people_in_Turkey" title="Human rights of Kurdish people in Turkey">Human rights of Kurdish people in Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_villages_depopulated_by_Turkey" title="Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey">Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_war_crimes" title="Turkish war crimes">Turkish war crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces_operations_in_Northern_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Turkish Armed Forces operations in Northern Iraq">Iraq operations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_intelligence_agencies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Template:National intelligence agencies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Template talk:National intelligence agencies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National intelligence agencies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_intelligence_agencies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">intelligence agencies</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign<br />intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Afghanistan: <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Intelligence" title="General Directorate of Intelligence">GDI</a></li> <li>Albania: <a href="/wiki/SHISH" title="SHISH">SHISH</a></li> <li>Algeria: <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_du_Renseignement_et_de_la_S%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Département du Renseignement et de la Sécurité">DRS</a></li> <li>Angola: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7o_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Externa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviço de Inteligência Externa (page does not exist)">SIE</a></li> <li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Intelligence" title="Secretariat of Intelligence">SIDE</a></li> <li>Armenia: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Armenia)" title="National Security Service (Armenia)">NSS</a></li> <li>Austria: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_and_Intelligence_Directorate" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security and Intelligence Directorate">DSN</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Secret_Intelligence_Service" title="Australian Secret Intelligence Service">ASIS</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Azerbaijan)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Azerbaijan)">XKX</a></li> <li>Bahrain: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Bahrain)" title="National Security Agency (Bahrain)">NSA</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Intelligence" title="National Security Intelligence">NSI</a></li> <li>Belarus: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus">KGB RB</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/Belgian_General_Information_and_Security_Service" title="Belgian General Information and Security Service">ADIV/SGRS</a></li> <li>Bosnia and Herzegovina: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence-Security_Agency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Intelligence-Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">OSA-OBA</a></li> <li>Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Intelligence and Security">DIS</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Intelligence_Agency" title="Brazilian Intelligence Agency">ABIN</a></li> <li>Brunei: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brunei_Research_Department_(International)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brunei Research Department (International) (page does not exist)">BRD</a></li> <li>Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Agency_(Bulgaria)" title="State Intelligence Agency (Bulgaria)">DAR</a></li> <li>Cameroon: <a href="/wiki/Brigade_Mixte_Mobile" title="Brigade Mixte Mobile">BMM</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">CSIS</a></li> <li>Chad: <a href="/wiki/Agence_nationale_de_s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" title="Agence nationale de sécurité">ANS</a></li> <li>Chile: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Nacional_de_Inteligencia" title="Agencia Nacional de Inteligencia">ANI</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">MSS</a></li> <li>Congo (Democratic Republic of): <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Agency (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">ANR</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Security and Intelligence Agency">SOA</a></li> <li>Cuba: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_de_Inteligencia" title="Dirección de Inteligencia">DI</a></li> <li>Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Foreign_Relations_and_Information" title="Office for Foreign Relations and Information">ÚZSI</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Defence Intelligence Service">FE</a></li> <li>Djibouti: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brigade_Sp%C3%A9ciale_de_Recherche_de_la_Gendarmerie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brigade Spéciale de Recherche de la Gendarmerie (page does not exist)">BSRG</a></li> <li>Ecuador: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Secretariat_(Ecuador)" title="National Intelligence Secretariat (Ecuador)">SENAIN</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Directorate_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Intelligence Directorate (Egypt)">Mukhabarat</a></li> <li>Estonia: <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Foreign_Intelligence_Service" title="Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service">EFIS</a></li> <li>Ethiopia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="National Intelligence and Security Service">NISS</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a></li> <li>Gambia: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Services_(The_Gambia)" title="State Intelligence Services (The Gambia)">SIS</a></li> <li>Georgia: <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Intelligence_Service" title="Georgian Intelligence Service">GIS</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service" title="Federal Intelligence Service">BND</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_National_Investigations" title="Bureau of National Investigations">BNI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Border_Guard_Unit" title="Border Guard Unit">BGU</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_Department_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research Department Unit (page does not exist)">RDU</a></li> <li>Greece: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Inform%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_Hivatal" title="Információs Hivatal">IH</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Wing" title="Research and Analysis Wing">RAW</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_State_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian State Intelligence Agency">BIN</a></li> <li>Iran: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Intelligence_(Iran)" title="Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)">VAJA</a></li> <li>Iraq: <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_National_Intelligence_Service" title="Iraqi National Intelligence Service">INIS</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Ireland)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Ireland)">G2</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Mossad" title="Mossad">Mossad</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Agenzia_Informazioni_e_Sicurezza_Esterna" title="Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna">AISE</a></li> <li>Ivory Coast: <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Security_Council_(Ivory_Coast)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Security Council (Ivory Coast) (page does not exist)">NSC</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Intelligence_and_Research_Office" title="Cabinet Intelligence and Research Office">CIRO</a></li> <li>Jordan: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Directorate_(Jordan)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Intelligence Directorate (Jordan)">GID</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Kazakhstan)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Kazakhstan)">Syrbar</a></li> <li>Kenya: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Kenya)" title="National Intelligence Service (Kenya)">NIS</a></li> <li>Kyrgyzstan: <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_National_Security_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyrgyz National Security Service">UKMK</a></li> <li>Kuwait: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuwait_State_Security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuwait State Security (page does not exist)">KSS</a></li> <li>Latvia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satversmes_aizsardz%C4%ABbas_birojs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satversmes aizsardzības birojs (page does not exist)">SAB</a></li> <li>Liberia: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Liberia)" title="National Security Agency (Liberia)">NSA</a></li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Department_of_Lithuania" title="State Security Department of Lithuania">VSD</a></li> <li>Lebanon: <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_General_Security" title="General Directorate of General Security">GDGS</a></li> <li>Libya: <a href="/wiki/Mukhabarat_el-Jamahiriya" title="Mukhabarat el-Jamahiriya">MJ</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Research_Division_of_the_Prime_Minister%27s_Department" title="Research Division of the Prime Minister's Department">MEIO</a></li> <li>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_y_Seguridad_Nacional_(M%C3%A9xico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro de Investigación y Seguridad Nacional (México)">CISEN</a></li> <li>Moldova: <a href="/wiki/Information_and_Security_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova">SIS</a></li> <li>Mongolia: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Agency_of_Mongolia" title="General Intelligence Agency of Mongolia">GIA</a></li> <li>Montenegro: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Montenegro)" title="National Security Agency (Montenegro)">ANB</a></li> <li>Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Direction_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_la_surveillance_du_territoire" class="mw-redirect" title="Direction générale de la surveillance du territoire">DGST</a></li> <li>Mozambique: <a href="/w/index.php?title=State_Security_and_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State Security and Intelligence Service (page does not exist)">SISE</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="General Intelligence and Security Service">AIVD</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="New Zealand Security Intelligence Service">NZSIS</a></li> <li>Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Nigeria)" title="National Intelligence Agency (Nigeria)">NIA</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">RGB</a></li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Administration_for_Security_and_Counterintelligence" title="Administration for Security and Counterintelligence">UBK</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Intelligence_Service" title="Norwegian Intelligence Service">E-tjenesten</a></li> <li>Oman: <a href="/wiki/Palace_Office_(Oman)" title="Palace Office (Oman)">Palace Office</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">ISI</a></li> <li>Papua New Guinea: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="National Intelligence Organization (Papua New Guinea)">NIO</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">NICA</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_Estrat%C3%A9gicas_de_Defesa" title="Serviço de Informações Estratégicas de Defesa">SIED</a></li> <li>Qatar: <a href="/wiki/Qatar_State_Security" title="Qatar State Security">QSS</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Romania)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Romania)">SIE</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Russia)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)">SVR</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Presidency" title="General Intelligence Presidency">GIP</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Security Intelligence Agency">BIA</a></li> <li>Sierra Leone: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_and_Security_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence and Security Unit (page does not exist)">CISU</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Division" title="Security and Intelligence Division">SID</a></li> <li>Slovakia: <a href="/wiki/Slovensk%C3%A1_informa%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_slu%C5%BEba" title="Slovenská informačná služba">SIS</a></li> <li>Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency">SOVA</a></li> <li>Somalia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="National Intelligence and Security Agency">NISA</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Agency_(South_Africa)" title="State Security Agency (South Africa)">SSA</a></li> <li>South Korea: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(South_Korea)" title="National Intelligence Service (South Korea)">NIS</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Centre_(Spain)" title="National Intelligence Centre (Spain)">CNI</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Service_(Sri_Lanka)" title="State Intelligence Service (Sri Lanka)">SIS</a></li> <li>Sudan: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Service_(Sudan)" title="General Intelligence Service (Sudan)">GIS</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Kontoret_f%C3%B6r_s%C3%A4rskild_inh%C3%A4mtning" title="Kontoret för särskild inhämtning">KSI</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies" title="Swiss intelligence agencies">NDB</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/General_Security_Directorate_(Syria)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Security Directorate (Syria)">GSD</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Bureau_(Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Bureau (Republic of China)">NSB</a></li> <li>Tajikistan: <a href="/wiki/State_Committee_for_National_Security_(Tajikistan)" title="State Committee for National Security (Tajikistan)">GKNB</a></li> <li>Tanzania: <a href="/wiki/Tanzania_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service">TISS</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Thailand)" title="National Intelligence Agency (Thailand)">NIA</a></li> <li>Togo: <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Intelligence_Agency_(Togo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Intelligence Agency (Togo) (page does not exist)">NIA</a></li> <li>Tunisia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunisian_Intelligence_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunisian Intelligence Agency (page does not exist)">TIA</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization" title="National Intelligence Organization">MİT</a></li> <li>Turkmenistan: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_National_Security_(Turkmenistan)" title="Ministry for National Security (Turkmenistan)">MNS</a></li> <li>Uganda: <a href="/wiki/External_Security_Organisation" title="External Security Organisation">ESO</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine">SZRU</a></li> <li>United Arab Emirates: <a href="/wiki/Signals_Intelligence_Agency" title="Signals Intelligence Agency">SIA</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/MI6" title="MI6">SIS (<i>MI6</i>)</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</a></li> <li>Uzbekistan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Uzbekistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Service (Uzbekistan)">SSS</a></li> <li>Vietnam: <a href="/wiki/General_Department_of_Military_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="General Department of Military Intelligence">TC2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Domestic<br />intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Algeria: <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_du_Renseignement_et_de_la_S%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Département du Renseignement et de la Sécurité">CSS</a></li> <li>Angola: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7o_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_e_Seguran%C3%A7a_de_Estado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviço de Inteligência e Segurança de Estado (page does not exist)">SINSE</a></li> <li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Intelligence" title="Secretariat of Intelligence">SIDE</a></li> <li>Armenia: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Armenia)" title="National Security Service (Armenia)">NSS</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Security_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Australian Security Intelligence Organisation">ASIO</a></li> <li>Austria: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_and_Intelligence_Directorate" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security and Intelligence Directorate">DSN</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Azerbaijan)" title="State Security Service (Azerbaijan)">DTX</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_(Bangladesh)" title="Special Branch (Bangladesh)">SB</a></li> <li>Belarus: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus">KGB RB</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Belgium)" title="State Security Service (Belgium)">VS/SE</a></li> <li>Bosnia and Herzegovina: <a href="/wiki/State_Investigation_and_Protection_Agency" title="State Investigation and Protection Agency">SIPA</a></li> <li>Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Intelligence and Security">DIS</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Police_of_Brazil" title="Federal Police of Brazil">PF</a></li> <li>Brunei: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Department_(Brunei)" title="Internal Security Department (Brunei)">IRD</a></li> <li>Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/State_Agency_for_National_Security" title="State Agency for National Security">DANS</a></li> <li>Burundi: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Burundi)" title="National Intelligence Service (Burundi)">SNR</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">CSIS</a></li> <li>Chile: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Nacional_de_Inteligencia" title="Agencia Nacional de Inteligencia">ANI</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">MSS</a></li> <li>Colombia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Directorate_(Colombia)" title="National Intelligence Directorate (Colombia)">DNI</a></li> <li>Congo (Democratic Republic of): <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Agency (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">ANR</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Security and Intelligence Agency">SOA</a></li> <li>Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Security_Information_Service" title="Security Information Service">BIS</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Security_and_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Security and Intelligence Service">PET</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/Homeland_Security_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeland Security (Egypt)">EHS</a></li> <li>Estonia: <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Internal_Security_Service" title="Estonian Internal Security Service">KAPO</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Security_and_Intelligence_Service" title="Finnish Security and Intelligence Service">SUPO</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_for_Internal_Security" title="General Directorate for Internal Security">DGSI</a></li> <li>Georgia: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_of_Georgia" title="State Security Service of Georgia">SSSG</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution">BfV</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="State Office for the Protection of the Constitution">LfV</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/wiki/Ghana_Police_Service" title="Ghana Police Service">GPS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Criminal_Investigative_Department&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Criminal Investigative Department (page does not exist)">CID</a></li> <li>Greece: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a></li> <li>Hong Kong: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Department" title="National Security Department">NSD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Safeguarding_National_Security_of_the_CPG_in_the_HKSAR" class="mw-redirect" title="Office for Safeguarding National Security of the CPG in the HKSAR">CPGNSO</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Protection_Office" title="Constitution Protection Office">AH</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_(India)" title="Intelligence Bureau (India)">IB</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Police#Central_Executive_Agencies" title="Indonesian National Police">Baintelkam Polri</a> (<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Intelijen_dan_Keamanan_Kepolisian_Negara_Republik_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="id:Badan Intelijen dan Keamanan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia">id</a>), <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_State_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian State Intelligence Agency">BIN</a></li> <li>Iran: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Intelligence_(Iran)" title="Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)">VAJA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Organization_of_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Organization of Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution">IRGC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Security_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Security Police">PAVA</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Garda_Crime_and_Security_Branch" title="Garda Crime and Security Branch">CSB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_Detective_Unit" title="Special Detective Unit">SDU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garda_National_Surveillance_Unit" title="Garda National Surveillance Unit">NSU</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Shin_Bet" title="Shin Bet">Shin Bet</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Agenzia_Informazioni_e_Sicurezza_Interna" title="Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Interna">AISI</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_Security_Bureau" title="National Police Agency Security Bureau">NPA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Metropolitan_Police_Department_Public_Security_Bureau" title="Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department Public Security Bureau">TMPD PSB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Public Security Intelligence Agency">PSIA</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a></li> <li>Kenya: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Kenya)" title="National Intelligence Service (Kenya)">NIS</a></li> <li>Kosovo: <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Intelligence_Agency" title="Kosovo Intelligence Agency">AKI</a></li> <li>Latvia: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Latvia)" title="State Security Service (Latvia)">VDD</a></li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/Special_Investigation_Service" title="Special Investigation Service">STT</a></li> <li>Lebanon: <a href="/wiki/Information_Branch" title="Information Branch">ISF IB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_State_Security" title="Lebanese State Security">LSS</a></li> <li>Luxembourg: <a href="/wiki/Service_de_Renseignement_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="Service de Renseignement de l'État">SREL</a></li> <li>Macau: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pol%C3%ADcia_Judici%C3%A1ria_(Macau)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polícia Judiciária (Macau) (page does not exist)">DS</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Special_Branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Special Branch">SB</a></li> <li>Moldova: <a href="/wiki/Information_and_Security_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova">SIS</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/National_Coordinator_for_Security_and_Counterterrorism" title="National Coordinator for Security and Counterterrorism">NCTV</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="New Zealand Security Intelligence Service">NZSIS</a></li> <li>Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Nigeria)" title="State Security Service (Nigeria)">SSS</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(North_Korea)" title="Ministry of State Security (North Korea)">SSD</a></li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Agency_of_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Agency of Republic of Macedonia">IA</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Police_Security_Service" title="Norwegian Police Security Service">PST</a></li> <li>Oman: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Service" title="Internal Security Service">ISS</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_(Pakistan)" title="Intelligence Bureau (Pakistan)">IB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federal_Investigation_Agency" title="Federal Investigation Agency">FIA</a></li> <li>Palestine: <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Preventive_Security" title="Palestinian Preventive Security">PSS</a></li> <li>Paraguay: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Secretar%C3%ADa_Nacional_de_Inteligencia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secretaría Nacional de Inteligencia (page does not exist)">SNI</a></li> <li>Peru: <a href="/wiki/National_Directorate_of_Intelligence_(Peru)" title="National Directorate of Intelligence (Peru)">DINI</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Philippines)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)">NBI</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">NICA</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Wewn%C4%99trznego" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego">ABW</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Ochrony_Pa%C5%84stwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Ochrony Państwa">SOP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stra%C5%BC_Marsza%C5%82kowska" class="mw-redirect" title="Straż Marszałkowska">SM</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Seguran%C3%A7a" title="Serviço de Informações de Segurança">SIS</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Intelligence_Service" title="Romanian Intelligence Service">SRI</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service" title="Federal Security Service">FSB</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/Mabahith" title="Mabahith">Mabahith</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Security Intelligence Agency">BIA</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Department_(Singapore)" title="Internal Security Department (Singapore)">ISD</a></li> <li>Somalia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="National Intelligence and Security Agency">NISA</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_Security_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of State Security (South Africa)">SSA</a></li> <li>South Korea: Intelligence Bureau, <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_(South_Korea)" title="National Police Agency (South Korea)">KNPA</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Center_for_Counter-Terrorism_and_Organized_Crime" title="Intelligence Center for Counter-Terrorism and Organized Crime">CITCO</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Service_(Sri_Lanka)" title="State Intelligence Service (Sri Lanka)">SIS</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Security_Service" title="Swedish Security Service">SÄPO</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies" title="Swiss intelligence agencies">NDB</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/General_Security_Directorate_(Syria)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Security Directorate (Syria)">GSD</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice_Investigation_Bureau" title="Ministry of Justice Investigation Bureau">MJIB</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Operations_Command" title="Internal Security Operations Command">ISOC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_Bureau" title="Special Branch Bureau">SB</a></li> <li>Togo: <a href="/wiki/Agence_nationale_des_renseignements_(Togo)" title="Agence nationale des renseignements (Togo)">ANR</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization" title="National Intelligence Organization">MİT</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Presidency_of_General_Directorate_of_Security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Presidency of General Directorate of Security (page does not exist)">İB</a></li> <li>Uganda: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Organisation" title="Internal Security Organisation">ISO</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">SBU</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">Security Service (<i>MI5</i>)</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Domestic_Extremism_and_Disorder_Intelligence_Unit" title="National Domestic Extremism and Disorder Intelligence Unit">NDEDIU</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Ballistics_Intelligence_Service" title="National Ballistics Intelligence Service">NBIS</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/DHS_Office_of_Intelligence_and_Analysis" title="DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis">I&A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a></li> <li>Uzbekistan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Uzbekistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Service (Uzbekistan)">SNB</a></li> <li>Venezuela: <a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Intelligence_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian Intelligence Service">SEBIN</a></li> <li>Vietnam: <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Department_of_Public_Security_Intelligence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Department of Public Security Intelligence (page does not exist)">TC5</a> (<a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95ng_c%E1%BB%A5c_T%C3%ACnh_b%C3%A1o,_B%E1%BB%99_C%C3%B4ng_an_(Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam)" class="extiw" title="vi:Tổng cục Tình báo, Bộ Công an (Việt Nam)">vi</a>)</li> <li>Zimbabwe: <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Central Intelligence Organisation">CIO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Algeria: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direction_centrale_de_la_s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9_de_l%27arm%C3%A9e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direction centrale de la sécurité de l'armée (page does not exist)">DCSA</a></li> <li>Angola: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7o_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Militar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviço de Inteligência Militar (page does not exist)">SIM</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Defence Intelligence Organisation">DIO</a></li> <li>Austria: <a href="/wiki/Heeresnachrichtenamt" class="mw-redirect" title="Heeresnachrichtenamt">HNaA</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_General_of_Forces_Intelligence" title="Directorate General of Forces Intelligence">DGFI</a></li> <li>Belarus: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Directorate_of_Intelligence_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_Belarus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Belarus (page does not exist)">GRU MO RB</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/Belgian_General_Information_and_Security_Service" title="Belgian General Information and Security Service">ADIV/SGRS</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Departamento_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Estrat%C3%A9gica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Departamento de Inteligência Estratégica (page does not exist)">DIE</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Intelligence_Command" title="Canadian Forces Intelligence Command">CFINTCOM</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_of_the_Joint_Staff_Department" title="Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department">CMC JSD Intelligence Bureau</a></li> <li>Congo (Democratic Republic of): <a href="/wiki/DEMIAP" title="DEMIAP">DEMIAP</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Military_Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Security and Intelligence Agency">VSOA</a></li> <li>Cuba: <a href="/wiki/Military_Counterintelligence_Directorate" title="Military Counterintelligence Directorate">DCIM</a></li> <li>Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_(Czech_Republic)" title="Military Intelligence (Czech Republic)">VZ</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Defence Intelligence Service">FE</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence_and_reconnaissance_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military intelligence and reconnaissance (Egypt)">DMISR</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Division_(Finland)" title="Intelligence Division (Finland)">PE TIEDOS</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Direction_du_renseignement_militaire" title="Direction du renseignement militaire">DRM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Military_Counterintelligence_Service_(Germany)" title="Military Counterintelligence Service (Germany)">MAD</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Intelligence_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Intelligence Unit (page does not exist)">MIU</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katonai_Nemzetbiztons%C3%A1gi_Szolg%C3%A1lat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katonai Nemzetbiztonsági Szolgálat (page does not exist)">KNBSZ</a></li> <li>Iran: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran (page does not exist)">General Staff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of Islamic Republic of Iran Army">SAHEFAJA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution">SAHEFASA</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_Ministry_of_Defence_and_Armed_Forces_Logistics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (page does not exist)">SAHEFAVEDJA</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(India)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (India)">DMI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Agency_(India)" title="Defence Intelligence Agency (India)">DIA</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Strategic_Intelligence_Agency" title="Indonesian Strategic Intelligence Agency">BAIS TNI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Army_Intelligence_Centre" title="Indonesian Army Intelligence Centre">Pusintelad</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Ireland)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Ireland)">G2</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Directorate_(Israel)" title="Military Intelligence Directorate (Israel)">Aman</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Centro_Intelligence_Interforze" title="Centro Intelligence Interforze">CII</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Headquarters" title="Defense Intelligence Headquarters">DIH</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a></li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/Second_Investigation_Department" title="Second Investigation Department">AOTD</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Defence_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Malaysian Defence Intelligence Organisation">DIO</a></li> <li>Maldives: <a href="/wiki/Maldives_National_Defence_Force" title="Maldives National Defence Force">MNDF</a></li> <li>Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Direction_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_des_%C3%A9tudes_et_de_la_documentation" class="mw-redirect" title="Direction générale des études et de la documentation">DGED</a></li> <li>Myanmar: <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence_of_Myanmar" class="mw-redirect" title="Military intelligence of Myanmar">Sa Ya Pa</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Military_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Dutch Military Intelligence and Security Service">MIVD</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Defence_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Defence Intelligence and Security">DDIS</a></li> <li>Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Agency_(Nigeria)" title="Defence Intelligence Agency (Nigeria)">DIA</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">RGB</a></li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Military_Service_for_Security_and_Intelligence" title="Military Service for Security and Intelligence">MSSI</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Intelligence_Service" title="Norwegian Intelligence Service">E-tjenesten</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Military Intelligence (Pakistan)">MI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naval_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Naval Intelligence (Pakistan)">NI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Air Intelligence (Pakistan)">AI</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines#AFP-wide_service_support_and_separate_units" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">ISAFP</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Kontrwywiadu_Wojskowego" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego">SKW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/CISMIL" class="mw-redirect" title="CISMIL">CISMIL</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Direc%C5%A3ia_General%C4%83_de_Informa%C5%A3ii_a_Ap%C4%83r%C4%83rii" class="mw-redirect" title="Direcţia Generală de Informaţii a Apărării">DGIA</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">GRU</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Armed_Forces_Intelligence_and_Security_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Armed Forces Intelligence and Security Commission (page does not exist)">AFISC</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Military_Security_Agency" title="Military Security Agency">VBA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Agency" title="Military Intelligence Agency">VOA</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Intelligence Organisation">MIO</a></li> <li>Slovakia: <a href="/wiki/Vojensk%C3%A9_spravodajstvo" title="Vojenské spravodajstvo">VS</a></li> <li>Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_Security_Service_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_(Slovenia)" title="Intelligence and Security Service of the Ministry of Defence (Slovenia)">OVS</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Division_(SANDF)" title="Defence Intelligence Division (SANDF)">SANDF-ID</a></li> <li>South Korea: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency_(South_Korea)" title="Defense Intelligence Agency (South Korea)">DIA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defense_Counterintelligence_Command" title="Defense Counterintelligence Command">DCC</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces_Intelligence_Center" title="Spanish Armed Forces Intelligence Center">CIFAS</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Sri Lanka)">DMI</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Military_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Swedish Military Intelligence and Security Service">MUST</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Milit%C3%A4rischer_Nachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Militärischer Nachrichtendienst">MND</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffennachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Luftwaffennachrichtendienst">LWND</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Directorate_(Syria)" title="Military Intelligence Directorate (Syria)">MI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Intelligence_Directorate" title="Air Force Intelligence Directorate">AFID</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Bureau" title="Military Intelligence Bureau">MIB</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armed_Forces_Security_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armed Forces Security Center (page does not exist)">AFSC</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Genelkurmay_%C4%B0stihbarat_Daire_Ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Genelkurmay İstihbarat Daire Başkanlığı">GENKUR İ.D.B.</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Main_Directorate_of_Intelligence_(Ukraine)" title="Main Directorate of Intelligence (Ukraine)">HUR MO</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence" title="Defence Intelligence">DI</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency">DIA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Naval_Intelligence" title="Office of Naval Intelligence">ONI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Corps_(United_States_Army)" title="Military Intelligence Corps (United States Army)">MIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Air Force Intelligence">USAFI</a></li></ul></li> <li>Venezuela: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_General_de_Contrainteligencia_Militar" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar">DGCIM</a></li> <li>Vietnam: <a href="/wiki/General_Department_of_Military_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="General Department of Military Intelligence">TC2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Signals_Directorate" title="Australian Signals Directorate">ASD</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/National_Telecommunication_Monitoring_Centre" title="National Telecommunication Monitoring Centre">NTMC</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Subchefia_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_do_Estado-Maior_de_Defesa" title="Subchefia de Inteligência do Estado-Maior de Defesa">2ª Sch/EMD</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Communications_Security_Establishment" title="Communications Security Establishment">CSE</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission">SIGINT</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Operational_Technology_Centre_for_the_Surveillance_of_Telecommunications" class="mw-redirect" title="Operational Technology Centre for the Surveillance of Telecommunications">OTC</a></li> <li>Ethiopia: <a href="/wiki/Information_Network_Security_Agency" title="Information Network Security Agency">INSA</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Intelligence_Agency" title="Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency">PVTIEDL</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a>, <a href="/wiki/DRSD" title="DRSD">DRSD</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service" title="Federal Intelligence Service">BND</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_Department_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research Department Unit (page does not exist)">RDU</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Joint_Cipher_Bureau" title="Joint Cipher Bureau">JCB</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Technical_Research_Organisation" title="National Technical Research Organisation">NTRO</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/National_Cyber_And_Crypto_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="National Cyber And Crypto Agency">BSSN</a> (<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Siber_dan_Sandi_Negara" class="extiw" title="id:Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara">id</a>)</li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Communications_and_Information_Services_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications and Information Services Corps">CIS</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Unit_8200" title="Unit 8200">8200</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Headquarters" title="Defense Intelligence Headquarters">DIH</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Nationale_SIGINT_Organisatie" title="Nationale SIGINT Organisatie">NSO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_Sigint_Cyber_Unit" title="Joint Sigint Cyber Unit">JSCU</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Security_Bureau" title="Government Communications Security Bureau">GCSB</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">RGB</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Authority_(Norway)" title="National Security Authority (Norway)">NSM</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">JSIB</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Wewn%C4%99trznego" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego">ABW</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Kontrwywiadu_Wojskowego" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego">SKW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Narodowe_Centrum_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Cyberprzestrzeni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Narodowe Centrum Bezpieczeństwa Cyberprzestrzeni (page does not exist)">NCBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/3rd_Ship_Flotilla#Sub-Units" title="3rd Ship Flotilla">gOR 3.FO</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_for_Radioelectronic_Combat_Reconnaissance_and_Support_%E2%80%B3Lieutenant_Colonel_Jan_Kowalewski%E2%80%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre for Radioelectronic Combat Reconnaissance and Support ″Lieutenant Colonel Jan Kowalewski″ (page does not exist)">CRiWWRE</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Przasnysz_Radioelectronic_Reconnaissance_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Przasnysz Radioelectronic Reconnaissance Regiment (page does not exist)">2.ORel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Oliwa_Radioelectronic_Reconnaissance_Regiment_%E2%80%B3Admiral_Arendt_Dickman%E2%80%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Oliwa Radioelectronic Reconnaissance Regiment ″Admiral Arendt Dickman″ (page does not exist)">6.ORel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Unit_NIL_%22Brigadier_General_August_Emil_Fieldorf_%C2%ABNil%C2%BB%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Unit NIL "Brigadier General August Emil Fieldorf «Nil»" (page does not exist)">JW NIL</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Serviciul_de_Telecomunica%C8%9Bii_Speciale" title="Serviciul de Telecomunicații Speciale">STS</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Special_Communications_Service_of_Russia" title="Special Communications Service of Russia"><i>Spetssvyaz</i></a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_State_Security" title="Presidency of State Security">PSS</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_Security_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of State Security (South Africa)">SSA</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/National_Cryptologic_Center" title="National Cryptologic Center">CCN</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/National_Defence_Radio_Establishment" title="National Defence Radio Establishment">FRA</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies" title="Swiss intelligence agencies">NDB</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Directorate_(Syria)" title="Military Intelligence Directorate (Syria)">MI</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Sinyal_%C4%B0stihbarat%C4%B1_Ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinyal İstihbaratı Başkanlığı">MİT-SİB</a></li> <li>UAE: <a href="/wiki/Signals_Intelligence_Agency" title="Signals Intelligence Agency">SIA</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Derzhspetszviazok" class="mw-redirect" title="Derzhspetszviazok">Derzhspetszviazok</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Communications Headquarters">GCHQ</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">NSA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Imagery_intelligence" title="Imagery intelligence">Imagery<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Geospatial-Intelligence_Organisation" title="Australian Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation">AGO</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Intelligence_Agency" title="Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency">PVTIEDL</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Air_Intelligence" title="Directorate of Air Intelligence">DAI</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Badan_Informasi_Geospasial" class="mw-redirect" title="Badan Informasi Geospasial">BIG</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_Group" title="Air Intelligence Group">Air Intelligence Group</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_Centre_for_Geospatial_Data_Infrastructure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malaysian Centre for Geospatial Data Infrastructure (page does not exist)">MaCGDI</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_intelligence_agencies#Other_organisations" title="New Zealand intelligence agencies">GEOINT NZ</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_IMINT_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polish IMINT Centre (page does not exist)">ORO</a>, <a href="/wiki/12th_Unmanned_Aerial_Vehicles_Base" title="12th Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Base">12.BBSP</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Unit_NIL_%22Brigadier_General_August_Emil_Fieldorf_%C2%ABNil%C2%BB%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Unit NIL "Brigadier General August Emil Fieldorf «Nil»" (page does not exist)">JW NIL</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Air Intelligence (Pakistan)">Air Intelligence</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency#NMARSC" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">NMARSC</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Geoespacial_do_Ex%C3%A9rcito" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro de Informação Geoespacial do Exército">CIGeoE</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">TsVTI GRU</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Fusion_Centre" title="Defence Intelligence Fusion Centre">DGIFC</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">NGA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_intelligence" title="Financial intelligence">Financial<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Unidad_de_Inteligencia_Financiera_(Argentina)" title="Unidad de Inteligencia Financiera (Argentina)">UIF</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Transaction_Reports_and_Analysis_Centre" title="Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre">AUSTRAC</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Monitoring_Service_(Azerbaijan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial Monitoring Service (Azerbaijan)">MMX</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Financial_Intelligence_Unit" title="Bangladesh Financial Intelligence Unit">FIU</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Council_for_Financial_Activities_Control" title="Council for Financial Activities Control">COAF</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Transactions_and_Reports_Analysis_Centre_of_Canada" title="Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada">FINTRAC</a></li> <li>Fiji: <a href="/wiki/Fiji_Financial_Intelligence_Unit" title="Fiji Financial Intelligence Unit">FIU</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Tracfin" title="Tracfin">Tracfin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Direction_Nationale_du_Renseignement_et_des_Enqu%C3%AAtes_Douani%C3%A8res" title="Direction Nationale du Renseignement et des Enquêtes Douanières">DNRED</a></li> <li>Iceland: <a href="/wiki/Skattranns%C3%B3knarstj%C3%B3ri_R%C3%ADkisins" class="mw-redirect" title="Skattrannsóknarstjóri Ríkisins">SR</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Central_Economic_Intelligence_Bureau" title="Central Economic Intelligence Bureau">CEIB</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Financial_Transaction_Reports_and_Analysis_Center" title="Indonesian Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center">PPATK</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Garda_National_Economic_Crime_Bureau" title="Garda National Economic Crime Bureau">GNECB</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unit%C3%A0_di_Informazione_Finanziaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unità di Informazione Finanziaria (page does not exist)">UIF</a></li> <li>Lithuania (<a href="/wiki/Financial_Crime_Investigation_Service" title="Financial Crime Investigation Service">FNTT</a>)</li> <li>Malta: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Intelligence_Analysis_Unit" title="Financial Intelligence Analysis Unit">FIAU</a></li> <li>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Unidad_de_Inteligencia_Financiera_(Mexico)" title="Unidad de Inteligencia Financiera (Mexico)">UIF</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_Information_and_Investigation_Service" title="Fiscal Information and Investigation Service">FIOD</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Financial_Information_Inspector&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Financial Information Inspector (page does not exist)">GIIF</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tax_and_Customs_Service_(Poland)" title="Tax and Customs Service (Poland)">SCS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Anticorruption_Bureau" title="Central Anticorruption Bureau">CBA</a></li> <li>Qatar: <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Financial_Information_Unit" title="Qatar Financial Information Unit">FIU</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Rosfinmonitoring" title="Rosfinmonitoring">Rosfinmonitoring</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Directorate_of_Financial_Intelligence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Directorate of Financial Intelligence (page does not exist)">GDOFI</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Customs_Surveillance_Service" title="Customs Surveillance Service">SVA</a>, <a href="/wiki/SEPBLAC" title="SEPBLAC">SEPBLAC</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Investigation_Board_(Turkey)" title="Financial Crimes Investigation Board (Turkey)">MASAK</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Terrorism_and_Financial_Intelligence" title="Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence">TFI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">FinCEN</a></li> <li>Vatican: <a href="/wiki/Supervisory_and_Financial_Information_Authority_(Vatican_City)" title="Supervisory and Financial Information Authority (Vatican City)">ASIF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criminal_intelligence" title="Criminal intelligence">Criminal<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_Nacional_de_Inteligencia_Criminal" title="Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia Criminal">DNIC</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Criminal_Intelligence_Commission" title="Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission">ACIC</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Investigation_Department_(Bangladesh)" title="Criminal Investigation Department (Bangladesh)">CID</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Intelligence_Service_Canada" title="Criminal Intelligence Service Canada">CISC</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Finland)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Finland)">NBI</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Central_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Central Bureau of Investigation">CBI</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Police#Central_Executive_Agencies" title="Indonesian National Police">Baintelkam Polri</a> (<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Intelijen_dan_Keamanan_Kepolisian_Negara_Republik_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="id:Badan Intelijen dan Keamanan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia">id</a>)</li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Direzione_Investigativa_Antimafia" title="Direzione Investigativa Antimafia">DIA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Divisione_Investigazioni_Generali_e_Operazioni_Speciali" title="Divisione Investigazioni Generali e Operazioni Speciali">DIGOS</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Philippines)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)">NBI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Police#Operational_units" title="Philippine National Police">PNP-IG</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Headquarters_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Police Headquarters (Poland)">BWiIK KGP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centralne_Biuro_%C5%9Aledcze_Policji" class="mw-redirect" title="Centralne Biuro Śledcze Policji">CBŚP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Border_Guard_(Poland)" title="Border Guard (Poland)">ZOŚ KGSG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Gendarmerie_(Poland)" title="Military Gendarmerie (Poland)">ZK KGŻW</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Direc%C8%9Bia_General%C4%83_de_Protec%C8%9Bie_Intern%C4%83" title="Direcția Generală de Protecție Internă"> DGPI</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Crime_Intelligence_Division" title="Crime Intelligence Division">Crime Intelligence Division</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/General_Commissariat_of_Information" title="General Commissariat of Information">CGI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civil_Guard_Information_Service" title="Civil Guard Information Service">SIGC</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Commissariat_of_Judiciary_Police" title="General Commissariat of Judiciary Police">CGPJ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Operative_Unit" title="Central Operative Unit">UCO</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intelligence<br />community</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Intelligence_Community" title="Australian Intelligence Community">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_intelligence_community" title="Bangladeshi intelligence community">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_security_and_intelligence_system" title="Croatian security and intelligence system">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_intelligence_agencies_of_France" title="List of intelligence agencies of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_intelligence_agencies" title="List of Indian intelligence agencies">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Intelligence_Community" title="Israeli Intelligence Community">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_intelligence_agencies" title="Italian intelligence agencies">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_intelligence_agencies" title="New Zealand intelligence agencies">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Intelligence_community" title="Pakistani Intelligence community">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agencies_of_Russia" title="Intelligence agencies of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_intelligence_agencies" title="British intelligence agencies">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intelligence<br />alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Club_de_Berne" title="Club de Berne">Club de Berne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Eyes" title="Five Eyes">Five Eyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximator_(intelligence_alliance)" title="Maximator (intelligence alliance)">Maximator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egmont_Group_of_Financial_Intelligence_Units" title="Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units">Egmont Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct<br /> agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Japan">Imperial Japan</a>: <a href="/wiki/Special_Higher_Police" title="Special Higher Police">Tokko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>: <a href="/wiki/Embroidered_Uniform_Guard" title="Embroidered Uniform Guard">Embroidered Uniform Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>: <a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a>, <a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Counterintelligence_Service_(Yugoslavia)" title="Counterintelligence Service (Yugoslavia)">KOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">Espionage</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_intelligence_agencies" title="List of intelligence agencies">List of intelligence agencies</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_leak" title="News leak">Leaks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak" title="United States diplomatic cables leak">Diplomatic cable leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures_(2013%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)">NSA leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vault_7" title="Vault 7">CIA leaks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Firewall_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Firewall of China">Great Firewall of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance_in_China" title="Mass surveillance in China">Mass surveillance in China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">Law enforcement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_agency" title="Security agency">Security agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance" title="Mass surveillance">Surveillance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Brother_(Nineteen_Eighty-Four)" title="Big Brother (Nineteen Eighty-Four)">Big Brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_detail_record" title="Call detail record">Call detail record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnivore_(software)" title="Carnivore (software)">Carnivore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dishfire" title="Dishfire">Dishfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECHELON" title="ECHELON">ECHELON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRISM_(surveillance_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="PRISM (surveillance program)">PRISM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Ghost" title="Stone Ghost">Stone Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbulence_(NSA)" title="Turbulence (NSA)">Turbulence (NSA programme)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_security" title="National security">National security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveillance_issues_in_smart_cities" title="Surveillance issues in smart cities">Surveillance issues in smart cities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Border_protection_agencies" title="Template:Border protection agencies">Border guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Coast_guards" title="Template:Coast guards">Coast guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Customs_services" title="Template:Customs services">Customs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Police" title="Template:Police">Law enforcement agency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_law_enforcement_agencies" title="Template:Types of law enforcement agencies">Types</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Template:National intelligence agencies">Intelligence agency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Law_enforcement_in_Turkey" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Law_enforcement_in_Turkey" title="Template:Law enforcement in Turkey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Law_enforcement_in_Turkey" title="Template talk:Law enforcement in Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Law_enforcement_in_Turkey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Law enforcement in Turkey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Law_enforcement_in_Turkey" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Turkey" title="Law enforcement in Turkey">Law enforcement in Turkey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Security_(Turkey)" title="General Directorate of Security (Turkey)">General Directorate of Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie_General_Command" title="Gendarmerie General Command">Gendarmerie General Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Command_(Turkey)" title="Coast Guard Command (Turkey)">Coast Guard Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate_General_of_Coastal_Safety" title="Directorate General of Coastal Safety">Directorate General of Coastal Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Directorate_of_Forest_Protection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Directorate of Forest Protection (page does not exist)">General Directorate of Forest Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Prisons_and_Detention_Houses" title="General Directorate of Prisons and Detention Houses">General Directorate of Prisons and Detention Houses</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Interior_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/InteriorMinistryTR.png/100px-InteriorMinistryTR.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/InteriorMinistryTR.png/150px-InteriorMinistryTR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/InteriorMinistryTR.png/200px-InteriorMinistryTR.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_police_(Turkey)" title="Municipal police (Turkey)">Municipal police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_guard_system" title="Village guard system">Village guard system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization_(Turkey)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Organization (Turkey)">National Intelligence Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jandarma_%C4%B0stihbarat_ve_Ter%C3%B6rle_M%C3%BCcadele" class="mw-redirect" title="Jandarma İstihbarat ve Terörle Mücadele">Gendarmerie Intelligence Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Security_(Turkey)" title="General Directorate of Security (Turkey)">Police Intelligence Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genelkurmay_%C4%B0stihbarat_Daire_Ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Genelkurmay İstihbarat Daire Başkanlığı">Intelligence Department of the General Staff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Turkey)" title="National Security Council (Turkey)">National Security Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Interior_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)">Ministry of the Interior</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Customs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Customs_Protection" title="General Directorate of Customs Protection">General Directorate of Customs Protection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Askeri_%C4%B0nzibat" title="Askeri İnzibat">Askeri İnzibat (Military Police)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_intelligence_agencies_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_intelligence_agencies_in_Europe" title="Template:National intelligence agencies in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_intelligence_agencies_in_Europe" title="Template talk:National intelligence agencies in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_intelligence_agencies_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National intelligence agencies in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_intelligence_agencies_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National <a href="/wiki/List_of_intelligence_agencies" title="List of intelligence agencies">intelligence agencies</a> in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> (<a href="/wiki/SHISH" title="SHISH">SHISH</a>)</li> <li>Armenia (<a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Armenia)" title="National Security Service (Armenia)">NSS</a>)</li> <li>Austria (<a href="/wiki/State_Security_and_Intelligence_Directorate" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security and Intelligence Directorate">DSN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Azerbaijan)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Azerbaijan)">XKX</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> (<a href="/wiki/State_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus">KGB RB</a>)</li> <li>Belgium (<a href="/wiki/Belgian_General_Information_and_Security_Service" title="Belgian General Information and Security Service">ADIV/SGRS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (<a href="/wiki/Intelligence-Security_Agency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Intelligence-Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">OSA-OBA</a>)</li> <li>Bulgaria (<a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Agency_(Bulgaria)" title="State Intelligence Agency (Bulgaria)">DAR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Security and Intelligence Agency">SOA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Office_for_Foreign_Relations_and_Information" title="Office for Foreign Relations and Information">ÚZSI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> (<a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Defence Intelligence Service">FE</a>)</li> <li>Estonia (<a href="/wiki/Estonian_Foreign_Intelligence_Service" title="Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service">EFIS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (<a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a>)</li> <li>Georgia (<a href="/wiki/Georgian_Intelligence_Service" title="Georgian Intelligence Service">GIS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (<a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Intelligence Service (Germany)">BND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inform%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_Hivatal" title="Információs Hivatal">IH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Garda_Crime_and_Security_Branch" title="Garda Crime and Security Branch">CSB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Agenzia_Informazioni_e_Sicurezza_Esterna" title="Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna">AISE</a>)</li> <li>Kazakhstan (<a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Kazakhstan)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Kazakhstan)">Syrbar</a>)</li> <li>Latvia (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Satversmes_aizsardz%C4%ABbas_birojs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satversmes aizsardzības birojs (page does not exist)">SAB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> (<a href="/wiki/State_Security_Department_of_Lithuania" title="State Security Department of Lithuania">VSD</a>)</li> <li>Moldova (<a href="/wiki/Information_and_Security_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova">SIS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Montenegro)" title="National Security Agency (Montenegro)">ANB</a>)</li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia (<a href="/wiki/Administration_for_Security_and_Counterintelligence" title="Administration for Security and Counterintelligence">UBK</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (<a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="General Intelligence and Security Service">AIVD</a>)</li> <li>Norway (<a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Intelligence_Service" title="Norwegian Intelligence Service">E-tjenesten</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_Estrat%C3%A9gicas_de_Defesa" title="Serviço de Informações Estratégicas de Defesa">SIED</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Romania)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Romania)">SIE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Russia)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)">SVR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Security Intelligence Agency">BIA</a>)</li> <li>Slovakia (<a href="/wiki/Slovensk%C3%A1_informa%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_slu%C5%BEba" title="Slovenská informačná služba">SIS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency">SOVA</a>)</li> <li>Spain (<a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Centre_(Spain)" title="National Intelligence Centre (Spain)">CNI</a>)</li> <li>Sweden (<a href="/wiki/Kontoret_f%C3%B6r_s%C3%A4rskild_inh%C3%A4mtning" title="Kontoret för särskild inhämtning">KSI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service_(Switzerland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Intelligence Service (Switzerland)">NDB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization_(Turkey)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Organization (Turkey)">MİT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine">SZRU</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/MI6" title="MI6">SIS (<i>MI6</i>)</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Domestic intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Austria (<a href="/wiki/State_Security_and_Intelligence_Directorate" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security and Intelligence Directorate">DSN</a>)</li> <li>Azerbaijan (<a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Azerbaijan)" title="State Security Service (Azerbaijan)">DTX</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> (<a href="/wiki/State_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus">KGB RB</a>)</li> <li>Belgium (<a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Belgium)" title="State Security Service (Belgium)">VS/SE</a>)</li> <li>Bosnia and Herzegovina (<a href="/wiki/State_Investigation_and_Protection_Agency" title="State Investigation and Protection Agency">SIPA</a>)</li> <li>Bulgaria (<a href="/wiki/State_Agency_for_National_Security" title="State Agency for National Security">DANS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Security and Intelligence Agency">SOA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Security_Information_Service" title="Security Information Service">BIS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> (<a href="/wiki/Danish_Security_and_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Security and Intelligence Service">PET</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estonian_Internal_Security_Service" title="Estonian Internal Security Service">KAPO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_Security_Intelligence_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish Security Intelligence Service">Supo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (<a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_for_Internal_Security" title="General Directorate for Internal Security">DGSI</a>)</li> <li>Georgia (<a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_of_Georgia" title="State Security Service of Georgia">SSSG</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (<a href="/wiki/Federal_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution">BfV</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="State Office for the Protection of the Constitution">LfV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> (<a href="/wiki/Constitution_Protection_Office" title="Constitution Protection Office">AH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Special_Detective_Unit" title="Special Detective Unit">SDU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garda_National_Surveillance_Unit" title="Garda National Surveillance Unit">NSU</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Agenzia_Informazioni_e_Sicurezza_Interna" title="Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Interna">AISI</a>)</li> <li>Kazakhstan (<a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a>)</li> <li>Kosovo (<a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Intelligence_Agency" title="Kosovo Intelligence Agency">AKI</a>)</li> <li>Latvia (<a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Latvia)" title="State Security Service (Latvia)">VDD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Special_Investigation_Service" title="Special Investigation Service">STT</a>)</li> <li>Luxembourg (<a href="/wiki/Service_de_Renseignement_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="Service de Renseignement de l'État">SREL</a>)</li> <li>Moldova (<a href="/wiki/Information_and_Security_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova">SIS</a>)</li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia (<a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Agency_of_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Agency of Republic of Macedonia">IA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Coordinator_for_Security_and_Counterterrorism" title="National Coordinator for Security and Counterterrorism">NCTV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> (<a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Police_Security_Service" title="Norwegian Police Security Service">PST</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Agencja_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Wewn%C4%99trznego" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego">ABW</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Ochrony_Pa%C5%84stwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Ochrony Państwa">SOP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Seguran%C3%A7a" title="Serviço de Informações de Segurança">SIS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Romanian_Intelligence_Service" title="Romanian Intelligence Service">SRI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service" title="Federal Security Service">FSB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Security Intelligence Agency">BIA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> (<a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Center_for_Counter-Terrorism_and_Organized_Crime" title="Intelligence Center for Counter-Terrorism and Organized Crime">CITCO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> (<a href="/wiki/Swedish_Security_Service" title="Swedish Security Service">SÄPO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service_(Switzerland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Intelligence Service (Switzerland)">NDB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (<a href="/wiki/Undersecretariat_of_Public_Order_and_Security" title="Undersecretariat of Public Order and Security">KDGM</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">SBU</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">MI5</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Domestic_Extremism_and_Disorder_Intelligence_Unit" title="National Domestic Extremism and Disorder Intelligence Unit">NDEDIU</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Ballistics_Intelligence_Service" title="National Ballistics Intelligence Service">NBIS</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Austria (<a href="/wiki/Heeresnachrichtenamt" class="mw-redirect" title="Heeresnachrichtenamt">HNaA</a>)</li> <li>Belarus (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Directorate_of_Intelligence_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_Belarus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Belarus (page does not exist)">GRU MO RB</a>)</li> <li>Belgium (<a href="/wiki/Belgian_General_Information_and_Security_Service" title="Belgian General Information and Security Service">ADIV/SGRS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Military_Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Security and Intelligence Agency">VSOA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_(Czech_Republic)" title="Military Intelligence (Czech Republic)">VZ</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> (<a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Defence Intelligence Service">FE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Division_(Finland)" title="Intelligence Division (Finland)">PE TIEDOS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (<a href="/wiki/Direction_du_renseignement_militaire" title="Direction du renseignement militaire">DRM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (<a href="/wiki/Military_Counterintelligence_Service_(Germany)" title="Military Counterintelligence Service (Germany)">MAD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a>)</li> <li>Hungary (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katonai_Nemzetbiztons%C3%A1gi_Szolg%C3%A1lat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katonai Nemzetbiztonsági Szolgálat (page does not exist)">KNBSZ</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> ((<a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Ireland)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Ireland)">G2</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Centro_Intelligence_Interforze" title="Centro Intelligence Interforze">CII</a>)</li> <li>Kazakhstan (<a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_Investigation_Department" title="Second Investigation Department">AOTD</a>)</li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia (<a href="/wiki/Military_Service_for_Security_and_Intelligence" title="Military Service for Security and Intelligence">MSSI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_Military_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Dutch Military Intelligence and Security Service">MIVD</a>)</li> <li>Norway (<a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Intelligence_Service" title="Norwegian Intelligence Service">E-tjenesten</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> (<a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Kontrwywiadu_Wojskowego" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego">SKW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> (<a href="/wiki/CISMIL" class="mw-redirect" title="CISMIL">CISMIL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> (<a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_for_Defense_Intelligence" title="General Directorate for Defense Intelligence">DGIA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (<a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">GRU</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Agency" title="Military Intelligence Agency">VOA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Security_Agency" title="Military Security Agency">VBA</a>)</li> <li>Slovakia (<a href="/wiki/Vojensk%C3%A9_spravodajstvo" title="Vojenské spravodajstvo">VS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_Security_Service_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_(Slovenia)" title="Intelligence and Security Service of the Ministry of Defence (Slovenia)">OVS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces_Intelligence_Center" title="Spanish Armed Forces Intelligence Center">CIFAS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> (<a href="/wiki/Swedish_Military_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Swedish Military Intelligence and Security Service">MUST</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Milit%C3%A4rischer_Nachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Militärischer Nachrichtendienst">MND</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffennachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Luftwaffennachrichtendienst">LWND</a>)</li> <li>Turkey (<a href="/wiki/Genelkurmay_%C4%B0stihbarat_Daire_Ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Genelkurmay İstihbarat Daire Başkanlığı">GENKUR İ.D.B.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Main_Directorate_of_Intelligence_(Ukraine)" title="Main Directorate of Intelligence (Ukraine)">HUR MO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence" title="Defence Intelligence">DIS</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_security_and_intelligence_system" title="Croatian security and intelligence system">OTC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Intelligence_Agency" title="Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency">PVTIEDL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (<a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a>, <a href="/wiki/DRSD" title="DRSD">DRSD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bundesnachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Bundesnachrichtendienst">BND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> ((<a href="/wiki/Communications_%26_Information_Services_Corps" title="Communications & Information Services Corps">CIS</a>)</li> <li>Kazakhstan (<a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Joint_Sigint_Cyber_Unit" title="Joint Sigint Cyber Unit">JSCU</a>)</li> <li>Norway (<a href="/wiki/National_Security_Authority_(Norway)" title="National Security Authority (Norway)">NSM</a>)</li> <li>Poland (<a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Wewn%C4%99trznego" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego">ABW</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Kontrwywiadu_Wojskowego" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego">SKW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Narodowe_Centrum_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Cyberprzestrzeni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Narodowe Centrum Bezpieczeństwa Cyberprzestrzeni (page does not exist)">NCBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/3rd_Ship_Flotilla#Sub-Units" title="3rd Ship Flotilla">gOR 3.FO</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_for_Radioelectronic_Combat_Reconnaissance_and_Support_%E2%80%B3Lieutenant_Colonel_Jan_Kowalewski%E2%80%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre for Radioelectronic Combat Reconnaissance and Support ″Lieutenant Colonel Jan Kowalewski″ (page does not exist)">CRiWWRE</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Przasnysz_Radioelectronic_Reconnaissance_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Przasnysz Radioelectronic Reconnaissance Regiment (page does not exist)">2.ORel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Oliwa_Radioelectronic_Reconnaissance_Regiment_%E2%80%B3Admiral_Arendt_Dickman%E2%80%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Oliwa Radioelectronic Reconnaissance Regiment ″Admiral Arendt Dickman″ (page does not exist)">6.ORel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Unit_NIL_%22Brigadier_General_August_Emil_Fieldorf_%C2%ABNil%C2%BB%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Unit NIL "Brigadier General August Emil Fieldorf «Nil»" (page does not exist)">JW NIL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Serviciul_de_Telecomunica%C8%9Bii_Speciale" title="Serviciul de Telecomunicații Speciale">STS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Special_Communications_Service_of_Russia" title="Special Communications Service of Russia"><i>Spetssvyaz</i></a>)</li> <li>Spain (<a href="/wiki/National_Cryptologic_Center" title="National Cryptologic Center">CCN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Defence_Radio_Establishment" title="National Defence Radio Establishment">FRA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Strategic_Intelligence_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic Intelligence Service">SIS</a>)</li> <li>Turkey (<a href="/wiki/Sinyal_%C4%B0stihbarat%C4%B1_Ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinyal İstihbaratı Başkanlığı">MİT-SİB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> (<a href="/wiki/State_Special_Communications_Service_of_Ukraine" title="State Special Communications Service of Ukraine">State Special Communications Service of Ukraine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Communications Headquarters">GCHQ</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Imagery_intelligence" title="Imagery intelligence">Imagery intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Intelligence_Agency" title="Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency">PVTIEDL</a>)</li> <li>Poland (<a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_IMINT_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polish IMINT Centre (page does not exist)">ORO</a>, <a href="/wiki/12th_Unmanned_Aerial_Vehicles_Base" title="12th Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Base">12.BBSP</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Unit_NIL_%22Brigadier_General_August_Emil_Fieldorf_%C2%ABNil%C2%BB%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Unit NIL "Brigadier General August Emil Fieldorf «Nil»" (page does not exist)">JW NIL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Geoespacial_do_Ex%C3%A9rcito" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro de Informação Geoespacial do Exército">CIGeoE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Main_Intelligence_Directorate_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Main Intelligence Directorate (Russia)">TsVTI GRU</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Fusion_Centre" title="Defence Intelligence Fusion Centre">DGIFC</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_intelligence" title="Financial intelligence">Financial intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Azerbaijan (<a href="/wiki/Financial_Monitoring_Service_(Azerbaijan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial Monitoring Service (Azerbaijan)">MMX</a>)</li> <li>France (<a href="/wiki/Tracfin" title="Tracfin">Tracfin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Direction_Nationale_du_Renseignement_et_des_Enqu%C3%AAtes_Douani%C3%A8res" title="Direction Nationale du Renseignement et des Enquêtes Douanières">DNRED</a>)</li> <li>Netherlands (<a href="/wiki/Fiscal_Information_and_Investigation_Service" title="Fiscal Information and Investigation Service">FIOD</a>)</li> <li>Iceland (<a href="/wiki/Skattranns%C3%B3knarstj%C3%B3ri_R%C3%ADkisins" class="mw-redirect" title="Skattrannsóknarstjóri Ríkisins">SR</a>)</li> <li>Ireland (<a href="/wiki/Garda_National_Economic_Crime_Bureau" title="Garda National Economic Crime Bureau">GNECB</a>)</li> <li>Italy (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Unit%C3%A0_di_Informazione_Finanziaria_per_l%27Italia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unità di Informazione Finanziaria per l'Italia (page does not exist)">UIF</a>)</li> <li>Lithuania (<a href="/wiki/Financial_Crime_Investigation_Service" title="Financial Crime Investigation Service">FNTT</a>)</li> <li>Malta (<a href="/wiki/Financial_Intelligence_Analysis_Unit" title="Financial Intelligence Analysis Unit">FIAU</a>)</li> <li>Poland (<a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Financial_Information_Inspector&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Financial Information Inspector (page does not exist)">GIIF</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tax_and_Customs_Service_(Poland)" title="Tax and Customs Service (Poland)">SCS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Anticorruption_Bureau" title="Central Anticorruption Bureau">CBA</a>)</li> <li>Russia (<a href="/wiki/Rosfinmonitoring" title="Rosfinmonitoring">Rosfinmonitoring</a>)</li> <li>Spain (<a href="/wiki/Customs_Surveillance_Service" title="Customs Surveillance Service">SVA</a>, <a href="/wiki/SEPBLAC" title="SEPBLAC">SEPBLAC</a>)</li> <li>Turkey (<a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Investigation_Board_(Turkey)" title="Financial Crimes Investigation Board (Turkey)">MASAK</a>)</li> <li>United Kingdom (<a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a>)</li> <li>Vatican (<a href="/wiki/Supervisory_and_Financial_Information_Authority_(Vatican_City)" title="Supervisory and Financial Information Authority (Vatican City)">ASIF</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criminal_intelligence" title="Criminal intelligence">Criminal intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Finland ( <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Finland)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Finland)">National Bureau of Investigation</a>)</li> <li>Italy (<a href="/wiki/Direzione_Investigativa_Antimafia" title="Direzione Investigativa Antimafia">DIA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Divisione_Investigazioni_Generali_e_Operazioni_Speciali" title="Divisione Investigazioni Generali e Operazioni Speciali">DIGOS</a>)</li> <li>Romania (<a href="/wiki/Direc%C8%9Bia_General%C4%83_de_Protec%C8%9Bie_Intern%C4%83" title="Direcția Generală de Protecție Internă">DGPI</a>)</li> <li>Poland (<a href="/wiki/National_Police_Headquarters_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Police Headquarters (Poland)">BWiIK KGP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centralne_Biuro_%C5%9Aledcze_Policji" class="mw-redirect" title="Centralne Biuro Śledcze Policji">CBŚP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Border_Guard_(Poland)" title="Border Guard (Poland)">ZOŚ KGSG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Gendarmerie_(Poland)" title="Military Gendarmerie (Poland)">ZK KGŻW</a>)</li> <li>Spain (<a href="/wiki/General_Commissariat_of_Information" title="General Commissariat of Information">CGI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civil_Guard_Information_Service" title="Civil Guard Information Service">SIGC</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Commissariat_of_Judiciary_Police" title="General Commissariat of Judiciary Police">CGPJ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Operative_Unit" title="Central Operative Unit">UCO</a>)</li> <li>United Kingdom (<a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>   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