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</div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-概念來源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#概念來源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>概念來源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-概念來源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-影響" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#影響"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>影響</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-影響-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">總觀效應</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。18种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9" title="تأثير النظرة العامة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تأثير النظرة العامة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overview_effect" title="Overview effect – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Overview effect" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overview-Effekt" title="Overview-Effekt – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Overview-Effekt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overview_effect" title="Overview effect – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Overview effect" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%8D%CF%80%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Πανοραμική εντύπωση – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πανοραμική εντύπωση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overview_effect" title="Overview effect – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Overview effect" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efecto_perspectiva" title="Efecto perspectiva – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Efecto perspectiva" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokemuksellinen_perspektiivimuutos" title="Kokemuksellinen perspektiivimuutos – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kokemuksellinen perspektiivimuutos" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effet_de_vue_d%E2%80%99ensemble" title="Effet de vue d’ensemble – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Effet de vue d’ensemble" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A7%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9C" title="אפקט המבט הכולל – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אפקט המבט הכולל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efek_Overview" title="Efek Overview – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Efek Overview" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effetto_della_veduta_d%27insieme" title="Effetto della veduta d'insieme – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Effetto della veduta d'insieme" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efekt_ogl%C4%85du" title="Efekt oglądu – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Efekt oglądu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efeito_perspectiva" title="Efeito perspectiva – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Efeito perspectiva" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efectul_vederii_de_ansamblu" title="Efectul vederii de ansamblu – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Efectul vederii de ansamblu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Эффект обзора – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эффект обзора" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%B7%D3%99%D1%82%D2%AF_%D1%8D%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Күзәтү эффекты – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Күзәтү эффекты" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Ефект огляду – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ефект огляду" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1280640#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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zh-cn:沙特阿拉伯;"></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv/400px--Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="400" height="266" data-durationhint="48" data-mwtitle="Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora"" data-width="640" data-height="425" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="216" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="362" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="542" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv/Northwest_coast_of_United_States_to_Central_South_America_at_Night.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="542" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>夜間影片：從美國西北海岸到中南美</figcaption></figure> <p><b>總觀效應</b>或譯<b>概觀效應</b>、<b>全景效應</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Overview effect</span>）指一種在人類認知上的轉變，當太空人在航行太空時，因為從太空或月球表面觀看地球時經歷的「認知轉變」：因為人無法以熟悉的角度觀看城市時，會產生如同「世界之大而人類紛爭及邊界之狹小」的感慨或想法<sup id="cite_ref-White1998_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White1998-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AdministrationVakoch2011_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AdministrationVakoch2011-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Harrison2007_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harrison2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Vakoch_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vakoch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="概念來源"><span id=".E6.A6.82.E5.BF.B5.E4.BE.86.E6.BA.90"></span>概念來源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%BD%E8%A7%80%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：概念來源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:408px;max-width:408px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="美国宇航员布鲁斯·麦克坎德雷斯在太空行走" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg/200px-Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg/300px-Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg/400px-Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_in_1984.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">美国宇航员<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E5%9D%8E%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="布鲁斯·麦克坎德雷斯">布鲁斯·麦克坎德雷斯</a>在太空行走</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitchell_Studies_Map_-_GPN-2000-001146.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="米歇爾在月球表面上讀地圖，1971年2月6日" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mitchell_Studies_Map_-_GPN-2000-001146.jpg/200px-Mitchell_Studies_Map_-_GPN-2000-001146.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mitchell_Studies_Map_-_GPN-2000-001146.jpg/300px-Mitchell_Studies_Map_-_GPN-2000-001146.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mitchell_Studies_Map_-_GPN-2000-001146.jpg/400px-Mitchell_Studies_Map_-_GPN-2000-001146.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3012" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">米歇爾在月球表面上讀地圖，1971年2月6日</div></div></div></div></div> <p>總觀效應的概念最早由作家法蘭克·懷德（Frank White）在《The Overview Effect — Space Exploration and Human Evolution》這本書提出<sup id="cite_ref-Scom_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scom-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-White1998_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White1998-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。這些太空人週遭的第三方人員，也觀察到這些有太空飛行經驗的人，在飛行前後有明顯的態度轉變。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="影響"><span id=".E5.BD.B1.E9.9F.BF"></span>影響</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%BD%E8%A7%80%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：影響"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>包括美國、俄羅斯及加拿大的多國太空人，意識到此認知上的轉變：包括蘇聯太空人<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%8A%A0%E6%9E%97" title="尤里·加加林">尤里·加加林</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BA%B3%E6%89%98%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%88%AB%E5%88%97%E4%BD%90%E6%B2%83%E4%BC%8A" title="阿纳托利·别列佐沃伊">阿纳托利·别列佐沃伊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%BF%9E%E4%BA%AC%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E5%88%AB%E6%9D%B0%E5%A4%AB" title="瓦连京·列别杰夫">瓦连京·列别杰夫</a>、加拿大太空人<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E8%AB%BE" title="馬克·加諾">馬克·加諾</a>、沙特阿拉伯王子<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%B0%94%E5%9D%A6%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8B%92%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="苏尔坦·萨尔曼·阿勒沙特">蘇爾坦·薩爾曼·阿勒沙特</a>、美國太空人<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E8%B0%A2%E6%B3%BC%E5%BE%B7" title="艾伦·谢泼德">艾伦·谢泼德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E4%BC%A6" title="约翰·格伦">约翰·格伦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%BD%AD%E7%89%B9" title="斯科特·卡彭特">斯科特·卡彭特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E5%A8%81%E5%8D%A1%E7%89%B9" title="拉塞尔·施威卡特">拉塞尔·施威卡特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E9%87%91%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E5%8D%97" title="尤金·塞尔南">尤金·塞尔南</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%BE%B7%E5%8A%A0%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%87%E5%B0%94" title="艾德加·米切尔">艾德加·米切尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E9%A1%BF" title="洛伦·阿克顿">洛伦·阿克顿</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="托馬斯·大衛·瓊斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Thomas David Jones"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%C2%B7%E7%93%8A%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托馬斯·大衛·瓊斯（页面不存在）">托馬斯·大衛·瓊斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_David_Jones" class="extiw" title="en:Thomas David Jones"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Thomas David Jones</span></a></span>）</span></span>及 <a href="/wiki/%E9%82%81%E5%85%8B%E7%88%BE%C2%B7J%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E8%A5%BF%E7%B1%B3%E8%AB%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="邁克爾·J·馬西米諾">邁克爾·J·馬西米諾</a><sup id="cite_ref-UTod_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UTod-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-White1998_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White1998-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>這種因太空旅行在視覺和認知上，對世界感到敬畏、威嚴、驚奇等，並對人類產生一體感的認知轉換，使太空人見證到世界的美並不因政治界線而有阻礙，自然產生要保護地球及其生態和所有人類的想法；<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%BE%B7%E5%8A%A0%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%87%E5%B0%94" title="艾德加·米切尔">艾德加·米切尔</a>是因為此體驗，發展一套新哲學，並設立<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="思维科学研究所" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Institute_of_Noetic_Sciences"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="思维科学研究所（页面不存在）">思维科学研究所</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Noetic_Sciences" class="extiw" title="en:Institute of Noetic Sciences"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Institute_of_Noetic_Sciences</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-Harrison2007_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harrison2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%BD%E8%A7%80%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-White1998-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-White1998_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-White1998_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-White1998_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Frank White. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=3a2rz-s3JJsC">The Overview Effect: Space Exploration and Human Evolution</a>. AIAA. 1998 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-02-09</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-56347-260-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-56347-260-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-56347-260-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%BD%E8%A7%80%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&rft.au=Frank+White&rft.btitle=The+Overview+Effect%3A+Space+Exploration+and+Human+Evolution&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-56347-260-2&rft.pub=AIAA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3a2rz-s3JJsC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AdministrationVakoch2011-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AdministrationVakoch2011_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Douglas A. Vakoch. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=don1N084wWAC&pg=PA29">Psychology of Space Exploration: Contemporary Research in Historical Perspective</a>. Government Printing Office. 2011-07-06: 29– <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-02-09</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-16-088358-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-16-088358-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-16-088358-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%BD%E8%A7%80%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&rft.au=Douglas+A.+Vakoch&rft.au=National+Aeronautics+and+Space+Administration&rft.btitle=Psychology+of+Space+Exploration%3A+Contemporary+Research+in+Historical+Perspective&rft.date=2011-07-06&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-16-088358-3&rft.pages=29-&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ddon1N084wWAC%26pg%3DPA29&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harrison2007-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harrison2007_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harrison2007_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Albert A. Harrison. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=ORNcQUBAEjUC&pg=PA92">Starstruck: Cosmic Visions in Science, Religion, and Folklore</a>. Berghahn Books. 2007-04-01: 92– <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-02-09</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-84545-286-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-84545-286-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-84545-286-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%BD%E8%A7%80%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&rft.au=Albert+A.+Harrison&rft.btitle=Starstruck%3A+Cosmic+Visions+in+Science%2C+Religion%2C+and+Folklore&rft.date=2007-04-01&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-84545-286-5&rft.pages=92-&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DORNcQUBAEjUC%26pg%3DPA92&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vakoch-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vakoch_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Douglas A. Vakoch. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=Dw67c7FO8WkC&pg=PA10">On Orbit and Beyond</a>. Springer. : 10– <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-02-09</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-642-30583-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-642-30583-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-3-642-30583-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%BD%E8%A7%80%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&rft.au=Douglas+A.+Vakoch&rft.btitle=On+Orbit+and+Beyond&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-642-30583-2&rft.pages=10-&rft.pub=Springer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDw67c7FO8WkC%26pg%3DPA10&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scom-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Scom_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Space Tourism: Face Time with Earth", Leonard David, Senior Space Writer, SPACE.com, 2006-08-05, webpage: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/news/060805_space_ecotourism.html">Space-ecotour</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100307170316/http://www.space.com/news/060805_space_ecotourism.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. (Houghton-Mifflin, 1987), (AIAA, 1998)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UTod-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UTod_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Human Brain in Space: Euphoria and the “Overview Effect” Experienced by Astronauts", Ian O'Neill, <i>Universe Today</i>, 2008-05-22, webpage: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.universetoday.com/14455/the-human-brain-in-space-euphoria-and-the-overview-effect-experienced-by-astronauts/">UToday-522</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190128205335/http://www.universetoday.com/14455/the-human-brain-in-space-euphoria-and-the-overview-effect-experienced-by-astronauts/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%BD%E8%A7%80%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RocketSunIcon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="航天" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/28px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/42px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/56px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="Portal:航天">航天主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%AA%E8%A1%8C%E5%B0%8D%E4%BA%BA%E9%AB%94%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF" title="太空航行對人體的影響">太空航行對人體的影響</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A" title="美国航空航天学会">美国航空航天学会</a>（AIAA）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="思维科学研究所" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Institute_of_Noetic_Sciences"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="思维科学研究所（页面不存在）">思维科学研究所</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Noetic_Sciences" class="extiw" title="en:Institute of Noetic Sciences"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Institute_of_Noetic_Sciences</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%BD%E8%A7%80%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/news/060805_space_ecotourism.html"><i>Space Ecotourism</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100307170316/http://www.space.com/news/060805_space_ecotourism.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, Space.com (2006)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigthink.com/experts-corner/seeing-earth-from-space-how-true-awe-changes-you">SEEING EARTH FROM SPACE: HOW TRUE AWE CHANGES YOU</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190110113333/http://bigthink.com/experts-corner/seeing-earth-from-space-how-true-awe-changes-you">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/55073825"><i>Overview</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210503023543/http://vimeo.com/55073825">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, from Planetary Collective</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.planetarycollective.com/">總觀效應啟發的視覺藝術團隊</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140926040133/http://www.planetarycollective.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.overviewinstitute.org/overview-images">總觀效應圖片</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200627075812/http://www.overviewinstitute.org/overview-images">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="航天主题" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="Template:航天"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="Template talk:航天"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:航天"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="航天主题" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="航天">航天</a>主题</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:center;">综述</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="航天动力学">航天动力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%8F%B2" title="航天史">航天史</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="航天年表">航天年表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%AB%B6%E8%B3%BD" title="太空競賽">太空競賽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%AB%B6%E8%B3%BD" title="亞洲太空競賽">亞洲太空競賽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E7%BA%AA%E5%BD%95%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="航天纪录列表">航天纪录列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8B%E6%95%85%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="航天相关事故列表">航天事故列表</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空政策" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Space policy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空政策（页面不存在）">太空政策</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_policy" class="extiw" title="en:Space policy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Space policy</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="中华人民共和国航天">中华人民共和国航天工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E7%9B%9F%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="欧盟太空计划">欧盟太空计划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="印度空间研究组织">印度空间研究组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BC%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="宇宙航空研究開發機構">日本宇宙航空研究开发机构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="俄罗斯航天国家集团">俄罗斯航天国家集团</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="苏联太空计划">苏联太空计划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="美国太空政策">美国太空政策</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%B3%95" title="太空法">太空法</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%B1%82%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="外层空间条约">外层空间条约</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A5%E6%95%91%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="营救协定">营救协定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E7%A9%BA%E7%89%A9%E4%BD%93%E6%89%80%E9%80%A0%E6%88%90%E6%8D%9F%E5%AE%B3%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E8%B4%A3%E4%BB%BB%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6" title="外空物体所造成损害之国际责任公约">太空责任公约</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E7%99%BB%E8%AE%B0%E5%B0%84%E5%85%A5%E5%A4%96%E5%B1%82%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%89%A9%E4%BD%93%E7%9A%84%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6" title="关于登记射入外层空间物体的公约">航天器登記公約</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="月球协定">月球协定</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%B0" title="太空作戰">太空作戰</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="太空軍">太空軍</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空军事化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Militarisation of space"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空军事化（页面不存在）">太空军事化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militarisation_of_space" class="extiw" title="en:Militarisation of space"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Militarisation of space</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E8%90%A5%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="民营航天">商業太空飛行／私人航天器</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="航天"><img alt="航天" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/125px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/188px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/250px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="空间科学">应用</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C" title="空间望远镜">天文学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%A7%82%E6%B5%8B%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="地球观测卫星">地球观测</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BD%B1%E5%83%8F" title="卫星影像">影像及地圖制作</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%B4%E8%B0%8D%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="间谍卫星">间谍情報</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E8%B1%A1%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="氣象衛星">气象及環境監控</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="通訊衛星">卫星通信</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%B8%8A%E7%BD%91" title="卫星上网">卫星互联网接入</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卫星无线电" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Satellite radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卫星无线电（页面不存在）">卫星无线电</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_radio" class="extiw" title="en:Satellite radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Satellite radio</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="卫星电话">卫星电话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="卫星电视">卫星电视</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="卫星导航系统">卫星导航系统</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空商業用途" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Commercial use of space"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD%E7%94%A8%E9%80%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空商業用途（页面不存在）">太空商業用途</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_use_of_space" class="extiw" title="en:Commercial use of space"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Commercial use of space</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空軍事化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Militarisation of space"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空軍事化（页面不存在）">太空軍事化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militarisation_of_space" class="extiw" title="en:Militarisation of space"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Militarisation of space</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空建筑学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Space architecture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空建筑学（页面不存在）">太空建筑学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_architecture" class="extiw" title="en:Space architecture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Space architecture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2" title="太空探索">太空探索</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空研究" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Space research"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空研究（页面不存在）">太空研究</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_research" class="extiw" title="en:Space research"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Space research</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="航天技术">航天技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%A4%A9%E6%B0%A3" title="太空天氣">太空天氣</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%BD%E4%BA%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="载人航天">载人航天</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:transparent;">综合</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E8%88%AA%E5%91%98" title="宇航员">宇航员</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="生命保障系统">生命保障系统</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%85%A5%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="進入太空的動物">太空動物</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="航天生物学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bioastronautics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="航天生物学（页面不存在）">航天生物学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioastronautics" class="extiw" title="en:Bioastronautics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bioastronautics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E6%9C%8D" title="航天服">航天服</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%B1%E5%A4%96%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%A8" title="舱外活动">舱外活动</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">總觀效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E9%87%8D" title="失重">失重</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%B8%B8%E5%AE%A2" title="太空游客">太空游客</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" title="太空移民">太空移民</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:transparent;">航天计划</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="東方計劃">東方</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="水星计划">水星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%8D%87%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="上升计划">上升</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%A7%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="双子座计划">双子座</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="联盟计划">联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿波罗计划">阿波罗</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%A9%BA%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="天空实验室">天空实验室</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97-%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿波罗-联盟测试计划">阿波罗-联盟测试</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%A2%AD%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="美國太空梭計劃">美國太空梭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B7%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%AB%99" title="和平号空间站">和平号空间站</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%A2%AD-%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B7%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="太空梭-和平号计划">太空梭-和平号</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%AB%99" title="国际空间站">国际空间站</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BD%BD%E4%BA%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国载人航天工程">中国载人航天工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%AB%99%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国空间站工程">中国空间站</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%9B%AA%E5%B8%95%E5%BE%B7%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="新雪帕德火箭">新雪帕德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%BF%92%E5%BC%A5%E6%96%AF%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿耳忒弥斯计划">阿耳忒弥斯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:transparent;">健康問題</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%AA%E8%A1%8C%E5%B0%8D%E4%BA%BA%E9%AB%94%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF" title="太空航行對人體的影響">太空航行對人體的影響</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="航天适应综合症" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Space adaptation syndrome"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="航天适应综合症（页面不存在）">航天适应综合症</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_adaptation_syndrome" class="extiw" title="en:Space adaptation syndrome"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Space adaptation syndrome</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="宇宙射线造成的健康威胁" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Health threat from cosmic rays"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF%E9%80%A0%E6%88%90%E7%9A%84%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E5%A8%81%E8%83%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宇宙射线造成的健康威胁（页面不存在）">宇宙射线造成的健康威胁</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_threat_from_cosmic_rays" class="extiw" title="en:Health threat from cosmic rays"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Health threat from cosmic rays</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空旅行的心理和社會學效應" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Psychological and sociological effects of spaceflight"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%97%85%E8%A1%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%92%8C%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%AD%B8%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空旅行的心理和社會學效應（页面不存在）">太空旅行的心理和社會學效應</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_and_sociological_effects_of_spaceflight" class="extiw" title="en:Psychological and sociological effects of spaceflight"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Psychological and sociological effects of spaceflight</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空生存" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Space and survival"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空生存（页面不存在）">太空生存</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_and_survival" class="extiw" title="en:Space and survival"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Space and survival</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空醫藥" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Space medicine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E9%86%AB%E8%97%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空醫藥（页面不存在）">太空醫藥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_medicine" class="extiw" title="en:Space medicine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Space medicine</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太空護理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Space nursing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%AD%B7%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空護理（页面不存在）">太空護理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_nursing" class="extiw" title="en:Space nursing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Space nursing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8" title="航天器">航天器</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E8%BD%BD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="运载火箭">运载火箭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="火箭">火箭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%B1%E6%AE%B5" title="舱段">舱段</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E8%88%B1" title="轨道舱">轨道舱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E8%88%B1" title="返回舱">返回舱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E8%88%B1" title="推进舱">推进舱</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E9%A3%9B%E6%A9%9F" title="太空飛機">太空飛機</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA" title="航天飞机">航天飞机</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%AB%99" title="空间站">空间站</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E4%BA%A4%E6%9C%83" title="空間交會">空間交會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E5%AF%B9%E6%8E%A5" title="空间对接">空间对接</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E5%99%A8%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%B9" title="機器人太空船">機器人太空船</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="人造衛星">人造衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="空间探测器">空间探测器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9D%80%E9%99%86%E5%99%A8" title="着陆器">着陆器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E8%BB%8A" title="探測車">探測車</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自我複製太空船" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Self-replicating spacecraft"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E8%A4%87%E8%A3%BD%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自我複製太空船（页面不存在）">自我複製太空船</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-replicating_spacecraft" class="extiw" title="en:Self-replicating spacecraft"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Self-replicating spacecraft</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C" title="空间望远镜">空间望远镜</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B" title="航天器推进">航天器推进</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="火箭发动机">火箭发动机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E6%8E%A8%E9%80%B2" title="電動航天推進">電動航天器推進裝置</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E5%B8%86" title="太阳帆">太阳帆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%8A%A9%E6%8E%A8" title="重力助推">重力助推</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%B7%A5%E8%B4%A8%E5%9E%8B%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="无工质型发动机">无工质型发动机</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:center;">发射方式</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E5%9C%BA" title="发射场">航天发射中心</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E5%8F%B0" title="发射台">发射台</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E8%B5%B7%E9%A3%9E" title="直接起飞">直接起飞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="宇宙速度">逃逸速度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E6%80%A7%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E8%BD%BD%E5%85%B7" title="一次性发射载具">一次性</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E8%BD%BD%E5%85%B7" title="可复用发射载具">可重複</a>使用發射系統</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84" title="非火箭航天发射">非火箭航天发射</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%AE%E6%A8%99" title="目標">目的</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C" title="次軌道太空飛行">亚轨道飞行</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="轨道飞行" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Orbital spaceflight"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E9%A3%9E%E8%A1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="轨道飞行（页面不存在）">轨道飞行</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_spaceflight" class="extiw" title="en:Orbital spaceflight"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Orbital spaceflight</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%BF%83%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="地心轨道">地心轨道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="地球同步轨道">地球同步轨道</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E9%9A%9B%E8%88%AA%E8%A1%8C" title="行星際航行">行星際航行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%98%9F%E9%9A%9B%E6%97%85%E8%A1%8C" title="恆星際旅行">恆星際旅行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E7%B3%BB%E9%99%85%E6%97%85%E8%A1%8C" title="星系际旅行">星系际旅行</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E5%9C%B0" title="陆地">陆地</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="飛行控制人員" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Flight controller"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E4%BA%BA%E5%93%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="飛行控制人員（页面不存在）">飛行控制人員</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_controller" class="extiw" title="en:Flight controller"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Flight controller</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E9%9D%A2%E7%AB%99" title="衛星地面站">衛星地面站</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="任務控制中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mission control center"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="任務控制中心（页面不存在）">任務控制中心</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission_control_center" class="extiw" title="en:Mission control center"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mission control center</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span 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