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<span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eastern_District_of_Texas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_District_of_Texas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Eastern District of Texas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_District_of_Texas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2009–2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2009–2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>2009–2014</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2009–2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2015-2020)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2015-2020)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>U.S. House of Representatives (2015-2020)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2015-2020)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle U.S. House of Representatives (2015-2020) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2015-2020)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2014_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>2014 election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>2016 election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>2018 election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Tenure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Committee_assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Committee_assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Committee assignments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Committee_assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assignment_to_president_Trump's_impeachment_team" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assignment_to_president_Trump's_impeachment_team"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Assignment to president Trump's impeachment team</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assignment_to_president_Trump's_impeachment_team-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Director_of_National_Intelligence_(2020–2021)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Director_of_National_Intelligence_(2020–2021)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Director of National Intelligence (2020–2021)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Director_of_National_Intelligence_(2020–2021)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Director of National Intelligence (2020–2021) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Director_of_National_Intelligence_(2020–2021)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nomination_and_confirmation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nomination_and_confirmation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Nomination and confirmation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nomination_and_confirmation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Tenure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2020_U.S._presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_U.S._presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>2020 U.S. presidential election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_U.S._presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-administration_(2021–2025)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-administration_(2021–2025)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Post-administration (2021–2025)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-administration_(2021–2025)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Director_of_the_CIA_(2025–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Director_of_the_CIA_(2025–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Director of the CIA (2025–present)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Director_of_the_CIA_(2025–present)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Director of the CIA (2025–present) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Director_of_the_CIA_(2025–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nomination_and_confirmation_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nomination_and_confirmation_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Nomination and confirmation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nomination_and_confirmation_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Tenure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Political positions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political positions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Immigration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Term_limits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Term_limits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Term limits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Term_limits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cybersecurity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cybersecurity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Cybersecurity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cybersecurity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Net_neutrality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Net_neutrality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Net neutrality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Net_neutrality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia_probe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia_probe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Russia probe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia_probe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">John Ratcliffe</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%81_(%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%86%DB%8C)" title="جان راتکلیف (سیاستچی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جان راتکلیف (سیاستچی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe" title="John Ratcliffe – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="John Ratcliffe" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(Politiker,_1965)" title="John Ratcliffe (Politiker, 1965) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Ratcliffe (Politiker, 1965)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe" title="John Ratcliffe – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="John Ratcliffe" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B1%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%81" title="جان رتکلیف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جان رتکلیف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(homme_politique)" title="John Ratcliffe (homme politique) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Ratcliffe (homme politique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EB%9E%AB%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%AC%ED%94%84" title="존 랫클리프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="존 랫클리프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(politikus)" title="John Ratcliffe (politikus) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="John Ratcliffe (politikus)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(politico)" title="John Ratcliffe (politico) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="John Ratcliffe (politico)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A3" title="ג'ון רטקליף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ון רטקליף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%84" title="Джон Ли Рэтклифф – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джон Ли Рэтклифф" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81" title="جون راتكليف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جون راتكليف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe" title="John Ratcliffe – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="John Ratcliffe" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%88%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%95_(%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="ジョン・ラトクリフ (アメリカ合衆国の政治家) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョン・ラトクリフ (アメリカ合衆国の政治家)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe" title="John Ratcliffe – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="John Ratcliffe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe" title="John Ratcliffe – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="John Ratcliffe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%84,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B8" title="Рэтклифф, Джон Ли – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рэтклифф, Джон Ли" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe" title="John Ratcliffe – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="John Ratcliffe" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Џон Ратклиф – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џон Ратклиф" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ratcliffe" title="John Ratcliffe – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="John Ratcliffe" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D1%84_(%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Джон Реткліфф (політик) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джон Реткліфф (політик)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%AB" title="约翰·拉特克利夫 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="约翰·拉特克利夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (born 1965)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named John Ratcliffe, see <a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="John Ratcliffe (disambiguation)">John Ratcliffe (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">John Ratcliffe</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_Portrait_of_CIA_Director_John_Ratcliffe.webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Official_Portrait_of_CIA_Director_John_Ratcliffe.webp/220px-Official_Portrait_of_CIA_Director_John_Ratcliffe.webp.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Official_Portrait_of_CIA_Director_John_Ratcliffe.webp/330px-Official_Portrait_of_CIA_Director_John_Ratcliffe.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Official_Portrait_of_CIA_Director_John_Ratcliffe.webp/440px-Official_Portrait_of_CIA_Director_John_Ratcliffe.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2025</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">9th <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">Director of the Central Intelligence Agency</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />January 23, 2025</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">Deputy</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ellis_(attorney)" title="Michael Ellis (attorney)">Michael Ellis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_J._Burns_(diplomat)" title="William J. Burns (diplomat)">William J. Burns</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">6th <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />May 26, 2020 – January 20, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data">Donald Trump</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Director_of_National_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Director of National Intelligence">Deputy</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Wiley" title="Neil Wiley">Neil Wiley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Dan Coats</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Avril_Haines" title="Avril Haines">Avril Haines</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>'s <span data-sort-value="Texas04 !"><a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 4th congressional district">4th</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2015 – May 22, 2020</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">Ralph Hall</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Fallon" title="Pat Fallon">Pat Fallon</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Heath,_Texas" title="Heath, Texas">Heath</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />June 14, 2004 – May 14, 2012</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Chris Cuny</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Lorne Liechty</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">United States Attorney</a> for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas">Eastern District of Texas</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Acting</b></span><br />May 21, 2007 – April 29, 2008</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_D._Orwig" title="Matthew D. Orwig">Matthew D. Orwig</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Rebecca Gregory</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">John Lee Ratcliffe</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1965-10-20</span>) </span>October 20, 1965<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 59)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Mount_Prospect,_Illinois" title="Mount Prospect, Illinois">Mount Prospect, Illinois</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Michele Addington</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Notre_Dame" title="University of Notre Dame">University of Notre Dame</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Southern_Methodist_University" title="Southern Methodist University">Southern Methodist University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:DNI_John_Ratcliffe_on_2020_Election_Security.ogg" title="File:DNI John Ratcliffe on 2020 Election Security.ogg">Ratcliffe's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="305" data-mwtitle="DNI_John_Ratcliffe_on_2020_Election_Security.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/DNI_John_Ratcliffe_on_2020_Election_Security.ogg/DNI_John_Ratcliffe_on_2020_Election_Security.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/DNI_John_Ratcliffe_on_2020_Election_Security.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Ratcliffe on election security at an <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a> press conference<br />Recorded October 20, 2020</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John Lee Ratcliffe</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (born October 20, 1965) is an American politician and attorney who has served as the ninth <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">director of the Central Intelligence Agency</a> (CIA) since 2025. He previously served as the sixth <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">director of national intelligence</a> from 2020 to 2021 and served in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from 2015 to 2020. </p><p>After graduating from law school, Ratcliffe worked as a lawyer in private practice until 2004. Ratcliffe served as mayor of <a href="/wiki/Heath,_Texas" title="Heath, Texas">Heath, Texas</a>, from 2004 to 2012 and acting <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">United States attorney</a> for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas">Eastern District of Texas</a> from May 2007 to April 2008. Ratcliffe was elected to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> in <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Texas#District_4" title="2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas">2014</a>, representing <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 4th congressional district">4th district</a> until 2020. During his time in Congress, Ratcliffe was regarded as one of the most conservative members. President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> announced on July 28, 2019, that he intended to nominate Ratcliffe to replace <a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Dan Coats</a> as director of national intelligence. Ratcliffe withdrew after Republican senators raised concerns about him, former intelligence officials said he might politicize intelligence, and media revealed Ratcliffe's embellishments regarding his prosecutorial experience in terrorism and immigration cases. </p><p>On February 28, 2020, Trump announced that he would again nominate Ratcliffe to be <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">director of national intelligence</a>, and after Senate approval, he resigned from the House, and was sworn in on May 26. </p><p>On November 12, 2024, president-elect Trump announced that he would nominate Ratcliffe to be the <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">director of the Central Intelligence Agency</a>. He was confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> on January 23, by a vote of 74–25, and assumed office later that day. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Mount_Prospect,_Illinois" title="Mount Prospect, Illinois">Mount Prospect, Illinois</a>, northwest of <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, Ratcliffe was the youngest of six children; both of his parents were teachers.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-house-bio_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-bio-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Carbondale_Community_High_School" title="Carbondale Community High School">Carbondale Community High School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Carbondale,_Illinois" title="Carbondale, Illinois">Carbondale, Illinois</a>; from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Notre_Dame" title="University of Notre Dame">University of Notre Dame</a> in 1987 with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> in <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a> and <a href="/wiki/International_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="International Studies">international studies</a>; and the Southern Methodist University School of Law (now <a href="/wiki/Dedman_School_of_Law" title="Dedman School of Law">Dedman School of Law</a>) with a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-house-bio_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-bio-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After graduating from law school, Ratcliffe was a lawyer in private practice; he left his law firm in 2004 to join the U.S. Attorney’s office for the Eastern District of Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe was elected to four consecutive two-year terms as mayor of <a href="/wiki/Heath,_Texas" title="Heath, Texas">Heath, Texas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a city of about 7,000 people, 25 miles east of downtown Dallas. He served in that position from June 2004 to May 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eastern_District_of_Texas">Eastern District of Texas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Eastern District of Texas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Ratcliffe.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/John_Ratcliffe.JPG/170px-John_Ratcliffe.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/John_Ratcliffe.JPG/255px-John_Ratcliffe.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/John_Ratcliffe.JPG/340px-John_Ratcliffe.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2256" data-file-height="3159" /></a><figcaption>Official portrait of Ratcliffe, 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2004, president <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> appointed Ratcliffe to be the chief of anti-terrorism and national security for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas">Eastern District of Texas</a>, within the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">U.S. Department of Justice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2007, Ratcliffe was named interim <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">U.S. attorney</a> for the district.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe returned to private law practice when Rebecca Gregory was confirmed by the Senate as the permanent U.S. attorney for the district in April 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe's campaign website said that, as a federal prosecutor Ratcliffe "personally managed dozens of international and <a href="/wiki/Domestic_terrorism" title="Domestic terrorism">domestic terrorism</a> investigations involving some of the nation’s most sensitive security matters"<sup id="cite_ref-:8_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "put terrorists in prison."<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is, however, no evidence Ratcliffe ever prosecuted a terrorism case.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe also misrepresented his involvement in the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Land_Foundation_for_Relief_and_Development" title="Holy Land Foundation for Relief and Development">U.S. v. Holy Land Foundation</a> terrorism financing case, claiming “there are individuals that currently sit in prison because I prosecuted them for funneling money to terrorist groups."<sup id="cite_ref-auto4_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto4-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ABC News reported that there was no evidence in public court records that Ratcliffe was involved in the case, and that former officials and attorneys involved in the case could not recall that Ratcliffe was involved.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe's official House of Representatives biography<sup id="cite_ref-house-bio2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-bio2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> says that while working as prosecutor for the Eastern District, he "arrested 300 illegal aliens in a single day".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Washington Post</i> noted in a story about how Ratcliffe embellished his record that Ratcliffe played a supporting role in an effort to bust illegal immigrants and that his office arrested only 45 individuals suspected of being illegal immigrants (including two who turned out to be American citizens).<sup id="cite_ref-:62_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:62-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Officials involved in the immigration enforcement dispute that Ratcliffe played a central role in the raid.<sup id="cite_ref-:62_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:62-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2009–2014"><span id="2009.E2.80.932014"></span>2009–2014</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2009–2014"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009, Ratcliffe became a partner with former attorney general <a href="/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">John Ashcroft</a> in the law firm Ashcroft, Sutton, Ratcliffe.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, Ratcliffe was part of a <a href="/wiki/Planned_presidential_transition_of_Mitt_Romney" class="mw-redirect" title="Planned presidential transition of Mitt Romney">transition team</a>, established before that year's general election by Republican candidate <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a>, to vet potential Presidential appointees.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2015-2020)"><span id="U.S._House_of_Representatives_.282015-2020.29"></span>U.S. House of Representatives (2015-2020)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: U.S. House of Representatives (2015-2020)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014_election">2014 election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2014 election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Texas#District_4" title="2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas">2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas § District 4</a></div> <p>In late 2013, Ratcliffe announced that he would run in the Republican primary against 17-term incumbent congressman <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">Ralph Hall</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 4th congressional district">4th district</a>. At 91, Hall was the oldest member of Congress and the oldest person ever to serve in the House of Representatives. The <i><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Morning_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Morning News">Dallas Morning News</a></i> said that Ratcliffe was Hall's "most serious political challenge in years."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No Democrat even filed, meaning that whoever won the primary would be all but assured of victory in November. </p><p>In a primary campaign during which Hall had begun to look increasingly vulnerable, Ratcliffe received the endorsement of the <i>Dallas Morning News</i>, which applauded Hall's long record of public service but cited Ratcliffe's "impressive credentials" and the need for "new ideas and fresh energy."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the March 4 primary, Ratcliffe finished second with 29 percent of the vote, behind Hall's 45 percent. Because Hall came up short of a majority, a <a href="/wiki/Runoff_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Runoff election">runoff election</a> was required. For the May 27 runoff, Ratcliffe was endorsed by the <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Express" title="Tea Party Express">Tea Party Express</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Conservatives_Fund" title="Senate Conservatives Fund">Senate Conservatives Fund</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a>. Hall was endorsed by the <a href="/wiki/NRA_Political_Victory_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="NRA Political Victory Fund">NRA Political Victory Fund</a>, former congressman <a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a>, former congresswoman <a href="/wiki/Michele_Bachmann" title="Michele Bachmann">Michele Bachmann</a>, and former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Arkansas">Arkansas governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Mike Huckabee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HallLoses_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HallLoses-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe defeated Hall with 53 percent of the vote,<sup id="cite_ref-HallLoses_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HallLoses-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the first time in twenty years that a sitting Republican congressman in Texas had been ousted in a primary.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe was one of four candidates to defeat a sitting incumbent U.S. representative in a primary election in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Ratcliffe_at_KETR_(16406958990).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/John_Ratcliffe_at_KETR_%2816406958990%29.jpg/170px-John_Ratcliffe_at_KETR_%2816406958990%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/John_Ratcliffe_at_KETR_%2816406958990%29.jpg/255px-John_Ratcliffe_at_KETR_%2816406958990%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/John_Ratcliffe_at_KETR_%2816406958990%29.jpg/340px-John_Ratcliffe_at_KETR_%2816406958990%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="4256" /></a><figcaption>John Ratcliffe during an interview with <a href="/wiki/KETR" title="KETR">KETR</a> in February 2015</figcaption></figure> <p>In the November 2014 general election, Ratcliffe ran unopposed.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a <a href="/wiki/Cook_Partisan_Voting_Index" title="Cook Partisan Voting Index">Cook Partisan Voting Index</a> of R+25, it is the fifth most Republican district in Texas and is tied for the 13th most Republican in the nation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016_election">2016 election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2016 election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Texas#District_4" title="2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas">2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas § District 4</a></div> <p>On March 1, 2016, Ratcliffe easily defeated two challengers in the Republican primary, getting 68 percent of the vote, 47 percentage points ahead of the second-place finisher. Once again, no Democrat filed to run in the November general election. In the general election, Ratcliffe defeated a third-party candidate with 88% of the vote. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2018_election">2018 election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2018 election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Texas#District_4" title="2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas">2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas § District 4</a></div> <p>On November 6, 2018, Ratcliffe won re-election to a third term with nearly 76 percent of the vote, defeating Democratic challenger Catherine Krantz and Libertarian challenger Ken Ashby.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Ratcliffe took office on January 3, 2015, he became only the fifth person to represent the 4th District since its creation in 1903. All but one of his predecessors had held the seat for at least 25 years. </p><p>The <i>Dallas Morning News</i> said in April 2016 that "Ratcliffe's first term in Washington proves that freshman lawmakers can be players of consequence in Congress."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a September 2016 hearing of the <a href="/wiki/House_Judiciary_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Judiciary Committee">House Judiciary Committee</a>, Ratcliffe questioned then-FBI director <a href="/wiki/James_Comey" title="James Comey">James Comey</a> about whether the FBI's decision not to recommend criminal charges against Hillary Clinton in connection with the <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_email_controversy" title="Hillary Clinton email controversy">email controversy</a> came before or after Clinton was interviewed by investigations; Comey responded that the final decision had been made after the interviews.<sup id="cite_ref-Pressure_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pressure-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe subsequently suggested that the FBI had "predetermined the result" of the investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-Pressure_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pressure-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_NextGen_9-1-1_Caucus" title="Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus">Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late 2018, Ratcliffe was reportedly considered for the role of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">attorney general</a> by the <a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">Trump Administration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a March 2019 tweet, Ratcliffe asserted that former FBI attorney <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Page" class="mw-redirect" title="Lisa Page">Lisa Page</a> had confirmed to him under oath that the <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a> Justice Department had ordered the FBI to not consider gross negligence charges against Hillary Clinton regarding <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_email_controversy" title="Hillary Clinton email controversy">her handling of classified material</a>. However, the June 2018 DOJ inspector general report on the matter stated that the DOJ's analysis of the relevant statute found that the FBI evidence for such a charge was lacking, and that interpretation was consistent with "prior cases under different leadership including in the 2008 decision not to prosecute former Attorney General Alberto Gonzales for mishandling classified documents." Analysts also noted that the FBI does not charge individuals, rather the DOJ does, as Page clarified to Ratcliffe later in her testimony, but which Ratcliffe did not mention in his tweet. Fox News extensively reported Ratcliffe's account of the matter, which Trump tweeted about minutes later.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Committee assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 114th Congress (2015–2017), Ratcliffe sat on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">Judiciary</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Homeland_Security" title="United States House Committee on Homeland Security">Homeland Security</a> committees, where he was a subcommittee chair on the House Homeland Security Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 115th Congress (2017–19), Ratcliffe was a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Ethics" title="United States House Committee on Ethics">Ethics</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">Judiciary</a>, and <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Homeland_Security" title="United States House Committee on Homeland Security">Homeland Security</a> committees.<sup id="cite_ref-115thAssignments_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115thAssignments-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the Homeland Security Committee, he was a member of the subcommittee on <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Homeland_Security_Subcommittee_on_Oversight,_Management_and_Accountability" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Homeland Security Subcommittee on Oversight, Management and Accountability">Oversight and Management Efficiency</a> and chaired the subcommittee on <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Homeland_Security_Subcommittee_on_Cybersecurity,_Infrastructure_Protection_and_Innovation" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Homeland Security Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection and Innovation">Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Protection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-115thAssignments_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115thAssignments-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the Judiciary Committee, he was a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Crime,_Terrorism_and_Homeland_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism and Homeland Security">Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, Homeland Security and Investigations</a> and vice chairman of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Antitrust,_Commercial_and_Administrative_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Antitrust, Commercial and Administrative Law">Subcommittee on Regulatory Reform, Commercial and Antitrust Law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-115thAssignments_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115thAssignments-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 116th Congress (2019), Ratcliffe sat on the Ethics, Judiciary and <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence">Intelligence Committees</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-116thCommittee_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116thCommittee-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the Judiciary Committee, Ratcliffe was the <a href="/wiki/Ranking_member" title="Ranking member">ranking member</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Crime,_Terrorism_and_Homeland_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism and Homeland Security">Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism and Homeland Security</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Courts,_Intellectual_Property_and_the_Internet" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property and the Internet">Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property and the Internet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-116thCommittee_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116thCommittee-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the Intelligence Committee, Ratcliffe was a member of the Strategic Technologies and Advanced Research Subcommittee and Intelligence and Modernization Readiness Subcommittee.<sup id="cite_ref-116thCommittee_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116thCommittee-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assignment_to_president_Trump's_impeachment_team"><span id="Assignment_to_president_Trump.27s_impeachment_team"></span>Assignment to president Trump's impeachment team</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Assignment to president Trump's impeachment team"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 20, 2020, before the Senate impeachment trial, the Trump administration named Ratcliffe as one of the congressional members of his impeachment team.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon the announcement, Ratcliffe said, "I took an oath to defend the Constitution. This impeachment is an assault on due process. It’s an assault on the separation of powers. It's unconstitutional. I'm grateful for the opportunity to make that clear to every American during the Senate trial."<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe worked with the White House for several weeks before the Senate trial to prepare oral arguments and legal briefs.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was tapped for the position based on his legal background and effectiveness during impeachment proceedings in the House Intelligence and Judiciary committees.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Director_of_National_Intelligence_(2020–2021)"><span id="Director_of_National_Intelligence_.282020.E2.80.932021.29"></span>Director of National Intelligence (2020–2021)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Director of National Intelligence (2020–2021)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nomination_and_confirmation">Nomination and confirmation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Nomination and confirmation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Ratcliffe_official_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/John_Ratcliffe_official_photo.jpg/200px-John_Ratcliffe_official_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/John_Ratcliffe_official_photo.jpg/300px-John_Ratcliffe_official_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/John_Ratcliffe_official_photo.jpg/400px-John_Ratcliffe_official_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>Official portrait of John Ratcliffe as <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">DNI Director</a>, 2020</figcaption></figure> <p>President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> announced on July 28, 2019, that he intended to nominate Ratcliffe to replace <a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Dan Coats</a> as <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">director of national intelligence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Barnes_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barnes-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump expressed confidence Ratcliffe could "rein in" intelligence agencies which he asserted had "run amok."<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe has little experience in national security or national intelligence and is reported to have demonstrated little engagement on the matters as a congressman.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump's intent to nominate Ratcliffe became controversial when he was found to have misrepresented his role in prosecuting terrorism and immigration cases.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-misrep_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-misrep-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe criticized the FBI and the special counsel investigation as biased against Trump. Ratcliffe also alleged that Russian interference may have helped Trump's 2016 rival candidate Hillary Clinton more than Trump. American intelligence agencies, the Senate Intelligence Committee and Robert Mueller have maintained that Russia interfered to help Trump. A week before Trump's announcement, Ratcliffe had argued that the special counsel investigation put Trump "below the law" because it declined to exonerate him. Later, Ratcliffe claimed on Fox News that the <a href="/wiki/Mueller_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Mueller Report">special counsel investigation's report</a> was not written by special counsel <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mueller" title="Robert Mueller">Robert Mueller</a>, but by "Hillary Clinton’s de facto legal team".<sup id="cite_ref-Demirjan_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Demirjan-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Barnes_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barnes-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Democrats called Ratcliffe unqualified and too partisan to serve in such a role, which is historically considered relatively nonpartisan.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some Republicans also privately expressed discontent with his selection and concerns about his ability to be confirmed.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Senate Intelligence Committee chairman <a href="/wiki/Richard_Burr" title="Richard Burr">Richard Burr</a> and Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">John Cornyn</a> expressed confidence in him.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Democratic senators including Senate minority leader <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden">Ron Wyden</a>, a member of the Intelligence Committee, said that Ratcliffe's only qualification for the office appeared to be "blind loyalty" to Trump, noting that he has promoted some of Trump's conspiracy theories about the Russia investigation and has called for prosecution of Trump's political enemies.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Demirjan_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Demirjan-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several former members of the intelligence community expressed concerns that Ratcliffe's appointment risked politicizing intelligence work.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They expressed fear that with Ratcliffe as DNI, Trump would in effect be assuming personal control over the intelligence community, which would then be expected to tell him only what he wants to hear.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They stressed the need for intelligence to be "candid, truthful and accurate even if it is unpleasant and does not confirm to the biases of the president".<sup id="cite_ref-Barnes_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barnes-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 2, 2019, Trump said in a tweet that he was withdrawing Ratcliffe's name from nomination, claiming that <a href="/wiki/Mainstream_media" title="Mainstream media">mainstream media</a> scrutiny of Ratcliffe (though using the "lamestream" pejorative in the actual message) was unfair, and would result in "months of slander and libel," while White House sources said that Trump had become concerned about Ratcliffe's chances for confirmation, following feedback from some Republican senators.<sup id="cite_ref-Cohen_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DropsPlans_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DropsPlans-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Speaking to reporters later that day, Trump insisted the press had treated Ratcliffe unfairly, but he also stated that he liked the way the press vetted his nominees, saying "You vet for me."<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his formal statement withdrawing from consideration, Ratcliffe said, "I do not wish for a national security and intelligence debate surrounding my confirmation, however untrue, to become a purely political and partisan issue. The country we all love deserves that it be treated as an American issue. Accordingly, I have asked the president to nominate someone other than me for this position."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 28, 2020, president <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> publicly announced Ratcliffe to be his nominee for <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">director of national intelligence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 29, 2020, Sen. <a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Mark Warner</a>, vice chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence">Senate Intelligence Committee</a> warned Trump against re-nominating Ratcliffe.<sup id="cite_ref-cnnnomination_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnnnomination-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nomination came to the U.S. Senate on March 3, 2020. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence">U.S. Select Senate Committee on Intelligence</a> held hearings on May 5, 2020, which started with a letter from former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">U.S. attorney general</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">John Ashcroft</a> in favor of the nomination. U.S. senator John Cornyn introduced Ratcliffe and supported his nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The committee later voted in favor of the nomination on May 19, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe was confirmed by the Senate on May 21, 2020, by a vote of 49 to 44.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-timesconfirmation_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timesconfirmation-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He resigned from the House on May 22,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was sworn in on May 26.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure_2">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During his tenure as DNI, although some accused Ratcliffe of using the position to score political points for Trump, other voices in the intelligence community pointed to “obvious evidence that Ratcliffe isn’t playing politics”.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe made public assertions that contradicted the intelligence community's own assessments,<sup id="cite_ref-:11_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sidelined career officials in the intelligence community.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, several of his stances on foreign policy have since gained bipartisan support, including his early warnings about the threats posed to the U.S. by <a href="/wiki/Chinese_espionage_in_the_United_States" title="Chinese espionage in the United States">China's intelligence efforts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2020_U.S._presidential_election">2020 U.S. presidential election</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2020 U.S. presidential election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Days after the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></i> published a story about <a href="/wiki/Hunter_Biden_laptop_controversy" title="Hunter Biden laptop controversy">Hunter Biden's laptop</a>, <a href="/wiki/House_Intelligence_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Intelligence Committee">House Intelligence Committee</a> chairman <a href="/wiki/Adam_Schiff" title="Adam Schiff">Adam Schiff</a> said on CNN, "Well we know that this whole smear on Joe Biden comes from the <a href="/wiki/Kremlin" title="Kremlin">Kremlin</a> ... Clearly, the origins of this whole smear are from the Kremlin, and the president is only too happy to have Kremlin help and try to amplify it," though Schiff did not specifically refer to the laptop story.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During an interview with <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> days later, Ratcliffe disputed Schiff's assertion, saying "there is no intelligence that supports that," accusing Schiff of mischaracterizing the views of the intelligence community by describing the laptop as part of a <a href="/wiki/Smear_campaign" title="Smear campaign">smear campaign</a> against Joe Biden.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schiff's spokesman accused Ratcliffe of "purposefully misrepresenting" the congressman's words.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2021, two months after Ratcliffe left as DNI, the ODNI released analysis finding that proxies of Russian intelligence promoted and <a href="/wiki/Information_laundering" title="Information laundering">laundered</a> misleading or unsubstantiated narratives about the Bidens "to US media organizations, US officials, and prominent US individuals, including some close to former President Trump and his administration."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thirty-five days before the November 2020 election, Ratcliffe declassified 2016 Russian disinformation that asserted Hillary Clinton had personally approved a scheme to associate Trump with <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> and Russian hacking of the Democratic National Committee. Ratcliffe provided the disinformation to Senate Judiciary Committee chairman <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Lindsey Graham</a>, who publicly released it. The allegation had been previously rejected as baseless by the Republican-controlled <a href="/wiki/Senate_Intelligence_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Intelligence Committee">Senate Intelligence Committee</a>. Ratcliffe acknowledged in a letter to Graham that the intelligence community "does not know the accuracy of this allegation or the extent to which the Russian intelligence analysis may reflect exaggeration or fabrication."<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The intelligence community opposed the release of the information.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <i>New York Times</i>, Ratcliffe's disclosure "appeared to be a bid to help Mr. Trump politically."<sup id="cite_ref-:10_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe diverged from remarks prepared by the intelligence community regarding attempted election interference by Iran in the 2020 election. Ratcliffe said that the election interference was intended to "damage president Trump."<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2020, Trump privately offered the job of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">U.S. attorney general</a> to Ratcliffe, who turned the job down.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 21, threatening emails were sent to Democrats in at least four states. The emails warned that "You will vote for Trump on Election Day or we will come after you."<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe announced that evening that the emails, using a spoofed return address, had been sent by Iran. He added that both Iran and Russia are known to have obtained American voter registration data, possibly from publicly available information, and that "This data can be used by foreign actors to attempt to communicate false information to registered voters that they hope will cause confusion, sow chaos and undermine your confidence in American democracy." A spokesman for Iran denied the allegation.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his announcement Ratcliffe said that Iran's intent had been "to intimidate voters, incite social unrest, and damage president Trump", raising questions as to how ordering Democrats to vote for Trump would be damaging to Trump. It was later reported that the reference to Trump had not been in Ratcliffe's prepared remarks as signed off by the other officials on the stage, but that he added it on his own.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-administration_(2021–2025)"><span id="Post-administration_.282021.E2.80.932025.29"></span>Post-administration (2021–2025)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Post-administration (2021–2025)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After leaving the Trump administration, Ratcliffe became a visiting fellow at <a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">the Heritage Foundation</a>. There, he was tasked with holding China accountable for the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> and "helping <a href="/wiki/Project_2025" title="Project 2025">Project 2025</a> build out policy recommendations for intelligence reform in the next presidential administration". Ratcliffe is a contributor to Project 2025, and was interviewed for the project, excerpts of the interview being a part of a chapter on the intelligence community.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe served as Co-Chair for the Center for American Security at the <a href="/wiki/America_First_Policy_Institute" title="America First Policy Institute">America First Policy Institute</a> from April 2021 until December 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May and September of 2024 Ratcliffe was a Special Guest Speaker for <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">Trump Vance Campaign</a> fundraising events.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Director_of_the_CIA_(2025–present)"><span id="Director_of_the_CIA_.282025.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Director of the CIA (2025–present)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Director of the CIA (2025–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vice_President_JD_Vance_swears_in_John_Ratcliffe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Vice_President_JD_Vance_swears_in_John_Ratcliffe.jpg/220px-Vice_President_JD_Vance_swears_in_John_Ratcliffe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Vice_President_JD_Vance_swears_in_John_Ratcliffe.jpg/330px-Vice_President_JD_Vance_swears_in_John_Ratcliffe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Vice_President_JD_Vance_swears_in_John_Ratcliffe.jpg/440px-Vice_President_JD_Vance_swears_in_John_Ratcliffe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1366" /></a><figcaption>Vice President <a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">JD Vance</a> swearing in Ratcliffe on January 23, 2025</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nomination_and_confirmation_2">Nomination and confirmation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Nomination and confirmation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2024, Ratcliffe was nominated by Trump to serve as the next <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">director of the CIA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe appeared before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence">Senate Select Committee on Intelligence</a> on January 15, 2025. During the hearing, Ratcliffe promised to keep the agency politically neutral and "never allowing political or personal biases to cloud our judgment or infect our products".<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump formally nominated Ratcliffe, among others, on January 20, 2025, as one of his first acts as president. The Senate Intelligence Committee approved his nomination and the Senate confirmed him on January 23, 2025 by a vote of 74–25, making him the second member to be confirmed in the <a href="/wiki/Second_cabinet_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second cabinet of Donald Trump">Second cabinet of Donald Trump</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure_3">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ratcliffe was sworn in by Vice President JD Vance on January 23, 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 25, the CIA revised its previous estimate of the origin of <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> from "undecided" to "low confidence" in favor of a laboratory leak in Wuhan.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early February, the CIA offered its employees buyouts in return for their voluntary resignations.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early February, the CIA complied with an Executive Order by Trump to send the White House an unclassified email identifying the first names and last initials of all employees the CIA had hired in the previous two years. Former officials of the CIA have characterized this as disastrous for the United States' capacity to collect <a href="/wiki/Counterintelligence" title="Counterintelligence">counterintelligence</a> on foreign adversaries by having potentially compromised the identity of agents hired in the previous two years, who may now be deemed too risky to deploy.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Political positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ratcliffe was considered one of the most conservative members of Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, <a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">the Heritage Foundation</a> ranked Ratcliffe as the most conservative Texas legislator in Congress and second-most conservative legislator in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China">China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ratcliffe has repeatedly warned that China is the top threat to U.S. and global interests.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2020, he said China "intends to dominate the US and the rest of the planet economically, militarily and technologically" and called the country "the greatest threat to America today, and the greatest threat to democracy and freedom worldwide since <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War Two</a>". He also alleged the Chinese government "conducted human testing" on members of the Chinese military "in hopes of developing soldiers with biologically enhanced capabilities" and said "the world is being presented a choice between two wholly incompatible ideologies".<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He called for China to be stripped of the rights to hold the <a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Olympics" title="2022 Winter Olympics">2022 Winter Olympics</a> because of what he said were "crimes of humanity against <a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghur</a> <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Muslims</a>" and alleged "a massive cover up of the (<a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19</a>) virus’s origins" and the "circumstances surrounding its initial outbreak".<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration">Immigration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Immigration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ratcliffe supported president <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s 2017 <a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13769" title="Executive Order 13769">executive order</a> to prohibit immigration from seven predominantly Muslim countries, stating, "I applaud president Trump's actions to ramp up the vetting of refugees attempting to enter our country."<sup id="cite_ref-Blake1_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blake1-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Term_limits">Term limits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Term limits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When he first ran for Congress, Ratcliffe said that term limits were a central part of his platform.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cybersecurity">Cybersecurity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Cybersecurity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ratcliffe was chairman of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Homeland_Security_Subcommittee_on_Cybersecurity_and_Infrastructure_Protection" title="United States House Homeland Security Subcommittee on Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Protection">House Homeland Security Subcommittee on Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Protection</a> during the <a href="/wiki/115th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="115th Congress">115th Congress</a> (2017–19), when Republicans controlled the House.<sup id="cite_ref-115thAssignments_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115thAssignments-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2014, Ratcliffe oversaw a congressional hearing, "The Current State of DHS Private Sector Engagement for Cybersecurity", that studied ways to get the private sector and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a> to better cooperate to prevent terrorist activity. He secured testimony from various organizations: the Hitrust Alliance, <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> Security Group, <a href="/wiki/NortonLifeLock" class="mw-redirect" title="NortonLifeLock">Symantec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto_Networks" title="Palo Alto Networks">Palo Alto Networks</a>, and <a href="/wiki/New_America_(organization)" title="New America (organization)">New America</a>'s Open Technology Institute.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 16, 2016, Barack Obama signed Ratcliffe's H.R. 5877 "United States-Israel Advanced Research Partnership Act of 2016" into public law.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 2, 2017, Donald Trump signed Ratcliffe's H.R. 1616 "Strengthening State and Local Cyber Crime Fighting Act of 2017" into public law.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Net_neutrality">Net neutrality</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Net neutrality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2017, Ratcliffe signed a letter from Congress, along with 106 other members of Congress, to Federal Communications Commission Chairman <a href="/wiki/Ajit_Pai" title="Ajit Pai">Ajit Pai</a>, supporting Pai's plan to repeal <a href="/wiki/Net_neutrality" title="Net neutrality">net neutrality</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russia_probe">Russia probe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Russia probe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Donald_Trump_and_John_Ratcliffe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Donald_Trump_and_John_Ratcliffe.jpg/220px-Donald_Trump_and_John_Ratcliffe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Donald_Trump_and_John_Ratcliffe.jpg/330px-Donald_Trump_and_John_Ratcliffe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Donald_Trump_and_John_Ratcliffe.jpg/440px-Donald_Trump_and_John_Ratcliffe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Ratcliffe with <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> in 2017</figcaption></figure> <p>Ratcliffe has staunchly supported Trump's criticism of the investigations into <a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections">Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections</a>, in particular the origins of the investigation, contending "it does appear that there were crimes committed during the Obama administration."<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe has stated that he has "seen no evidence" that Russian interference in the 2016 election helped get Trump elected.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has described court-approved surveillance of the Trump campaign as spying.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_121-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has claimed without evidence that the Russia probe may have been tainted by a criminal conspiracy.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Days before he was announced as Trump's choice to be Director of National Intelligence, Ratcliffe drew headlines for his questioning of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mueller" title="Robert Mueller">Robert Mueller</a> during Mueller's congressional testimony.<sup id="cite_ref-audition_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-audition-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe criticized Mueller for describing instances of obstruction of justice in his <a href="/wiki/Mueller_report" title="Mueller report">report</a> on Russian interference in the 2016 election.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe claimed that Mueller went beyond the rules for special counsels, by covering instances of potential obstruction when the report did not charge any crimes. The Associated Press and <a href="/wiki/PolitiFact" title="PolitiFact">PolitiFact</a> found Ratcliffe's claim false, noting that special prosecutors are required by federal regulations to explain decisions not to prosecute.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_124-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Neal_Katyal" title="Neal Katyal">Neal Katyal</a>, who wrote the special counsel regulations in 1999, called Ratcliffe "dead wrong."<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe also falsely claimed that the <a href="/wiki/Steele_dossier" title="Steele dossier">Steele dossier</a>, which he described as a "fake, phony dossier", was the trigger that started the Trump-Russia probe.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The House Republican intelligence committee's <a href="/wiki/Nunes_memo" title="Nunes memo">own memo</a> about the Russia probe had said that it was information about <a href="/wiki/George_Papadopoulos" title="George Papadopoulos">George Papadopoulos</a> that set off an investigation by the FBI in July 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_127-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratcliffe also asserted that Democrats "accused Donald Trump of a crime and then tried to reverse engineer a process to justify that accusation."<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump was reportedly impressed by Ratcliffe's aggressive questioning of Mueller, which some sources described as Ratcliffe's "audition" to be named DNI.<sup id="cite_ref-audition_123-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-audition-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly before Trump announced he would be nominated as DNI, Ratcliffe asserted the Obama administration had committed a felony by leaking classified transcripts of 2016 phone calls between <a href="/wiki/Michael_Flynn" title="Michael Flynn">Michael Flynn</a> and Russian ambassador <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kislyak" title="Sergey Kislyak">Sergey Kislyak</a> to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gist of the conversations were conveyed to <i>Post</i> reporters, but not the transcripts themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also asserted, "The Mueller report and its conclusions weren’t from Robert Mueller. They were written by what a lot of people believe was Hillary Clinton’s de facto legal team, people that had supported her, even represented some of her aides."<sup id="cite_ref-Barnes_49-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barnes-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three days after becoming DNI in May 2020, Ratcliffe declassified and released the full transcripts, which may have made it more difficult for prosecutors to assert the earlier reporting that the gist of the calls had harmed national security.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe said that he had seen a text message between FBI employees <a href="/wiki/Peter_Strzok" title="Peter Strzok">Peter Strzok</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Page" class="mw-redirect" title="Lisa Page">Lisa Page</a> that referenced a "secret society," adding, "We learned today about information that in the immediate aftermath of his election, there may have been a 'secret society' of folks within the Department of Justice and the FBI, to include Page and Strzok, working against [Trump]." His assertion briefly went viral on <a href="/wiki/Pro-Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-Trump">pro-Trump</a> media, and the next day Republican senator <a href="/wiki/Ron_Johnson" title="Ron Johnson">Ron Johnson</a> claimed that Republican investigators had learned from an "informant" of meetings of a "secret society." The text message did contain the expression "secret society," but it was soon learned to be a joke related to Strzok's purchase of "beefcake" calendars of Vladimir Putin for distribution to FBI employees who had worked on the Russian investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ratcliffe and his wife, Michele, live with their two daughters in <a href="/wiki/Heath,_Texas" title="Heath, Texas">Heath, Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-house-bio_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-bio-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ratcliffe is a Catholic.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Final_Report_of_the_Task_Force_on_Combating_Terrorist_and_Foreign_Fighter_Travel" title="Final Report of the Task Force on Combating Terrorist and Foreign Fighter Travel">Final Report of the Task Force on Combating Terrorist and Foreign Fighter Travel</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Ratcliffe&rft.pub=The+Ashcroft+Group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ashcroftgroupllc.com%2Fourteam%2Fjohn-ratcliffe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rockwallheraldbanner.com/news/local_news/ratcliffe-will-not-look-to-continue-being-mayor-of-heath/article_68f12ec9-2db1-5b2b-9541-067ecbe324ed.html">"Ratcliffe will not look to continue being mayor of Heath"</a>. <i>Rockwall County Herald-Banner</i>. February 1, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190730220733/https://www.rockwallheraldbanner.com/news/local_news/ratcliffe-will-not-look-to-continue-being-mayor-of-heath/article_68f12ec9-2db1-5b2b-9541-067ecbe324ed.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 30, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rockwall+County+Herald-Banner&rft.atitle=Ratcliffe+will+not+look+to+continue+being+mayor+of+Heath&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockwallheraldbanner.com%2Fnews%2Flocal_news%2Fratcliffe-will-not-look-to-continue-being-mayor-of-heath%2Farticle_68f12ec9-2db1-5b2b-9541-067ecbe324ed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richter, Karl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.texarkanagazette.com/news/texarkana-region/story/2019/jul/29/only-election-can-fill-expected-ratcliffe-vacancy/788498/">Only election can fill expected Ratcliffe vacancy</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Texarkana_Gazette" title="Texarkana Gazette">Texarkana Gazette</a></i>, July 29, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSwartsell2014" class="citation news cs1">Swartsell, Nick (April 4, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170130081422/https://www.dallasnews.com/news/local-politics/2014/04/04/john-ratcliffe-touts-time-as-u.s.-attorney-in-run-against-u.s.-rep.-ralph-hall">"John Ratcliffe touts time as U.S. attorney in run against U.S. Rep. Ralph Hall"</a>. <i>Dallas Morning News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasnews.com/news/local-politics/2014/04/04/john-ratcliffe-touts-time-as-u.s.-attorney-in-run-against-u.s.-rep.-ralph-hall">the original</a> on January 30, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Senator+John+Cornyn%2C+Texas&rft.atitle=Senate+Confirms+Becky+Gregory+As+New+U.S.+Attorney+For+Eastern+District+Of+Texas&rft.date=2008-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cornyn.senate.gov%2Fcontent%2Fsenate-confirms-becky-gregory-new-us-attorney-eastern-district-texas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heathtx.com:80/elecoff.htm">"Elected Officials"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040430100311/http://www.heathtx.com/elecoff.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 30, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Trump%27s+pick+for+intelligence+director+misrepresented+role+in+anti-terror+case&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FPolitics%2Ftrumps-pick-inteligence-director-misrepresented-role-anti-terror%2Fstory%3Fid%3D64646682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-house-bio2-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-house-bio2_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150405201407/https://ratcliffe.house.gov/about">"Biography"</a>. House of Representatives. December 11, 2012. 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He didn't"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004217/https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/trumps-pick-to-lead-us-intelligence-claims-he-arrested-300-illegal-immigrants-in-a-single-day-he-didnt/2019/08/01/12b958e4-b3b7-11e9-8e94-71a35969e4d8_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ashcroftgroupllc.com/ourteam/john-ratcliffe/">the original</a> on August 28, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ashcroft+Law+Firm&rft.atitle=Our+Team+-+John+Ratcliffe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ashcroftgroupllc.com%2Fourteam%2Fjohn-ratcliffe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFO'Keefe2014" class="citation news cs1">O'Keefe, Ed (May 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2014/05/27/rep-ralph-hall-defeated-by-john-ratcliffe/">"Rep. Ralph Hall defeated by John Ratcliffe"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004221/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2014/05/27/rep-ralph-hall-defeated-by-john-ratcliffe/">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Rep.+Ralph+Hall+defeated+by+John+Ratcliffe&rft.date=2014-05-27&rft.aulast=O%27Keefe&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fblogs%2Fpost-politics%2Fwp%2F2014%2F05%2F27%2Frep-ralph-hall-defeated-by-john-ratcliffe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLiddellKroeseCampbell2013" class="citation book cs1">Liddell, Christopher; Kroese, Daniel; Campbell, Clark (May 1, 2013). <i>Romney Readiness Project: Retrospective & Lessons Learned</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ex-US+Attorney+John+Ratcliffe+files+against+Ralph+Hall&rft.pub=Dallas+Morning+News&rft.date=2013-12-09&rft.aulast=Gillman&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftrailblazersblog.dallasnews.com%2F2013%2F12%2Fex-us-attorney-john-ratcliffe-files-against-ralph-hall-2.html%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140606210828/http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/editorials/20140122-editorial-we-recommend-ratcliffe-in-the-4th-congressional-districts-gop-primary.ece">"Editorial: We recommend Ratcliffe in the 4th Congressional District's GOP primary"</a>. Dallas Morning News. January 22, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/editorials/20140122-editorial-we-recommend-ratcliffe-in-the-4th-congressional-districts-gop-primary.ece">the original</a> on June 6, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Editorial%3A+We+recommend+Ratcliffe+in+the+4th+Congressional+District%27s+GOP+primary&rft.date=2014-01-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasnews.com%2Fopinion%2Feditorials%2F20140122-editorial-we-recommend-ratcliffe-in-the-4th-congressional-districts-gop-primary.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HallLoses-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HallLoses_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HallLoses_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDelReal2014" class="citation web cs1">DelReal, Jose (May 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2014/05/ralph-hall-loses-texas-gop-runoff-107144.html">"91-year-old Ralph Hall loses runoff"</a>. Politico. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004221/https://www.politico.com/story/2014/05/ralph-hall-loses-texas-gop-runoff-107144">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=91-year-old+Ralph+Hall+loses+runoff&rft.pub=Politico&rft.date=2014-05-27&rft.aulast=DelReal&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2014%2F05%2Fralph-hall-loses-texas-gop-runoff-107144.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark Haslett, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ketr.org/post/trump-nominates-ratcliffe-new-director-national-intelligence">Trump Nominates Ratcliffe New Director of National Intelligence</a>, KETR (July 29, 2019).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rhodes Cook, "The Primaries of 2014: More Than Meets the Eye" in <i>The Surge: 2014's Big GOP Win and What It Means for the Next Presidential Election</i> (ed. <a href="/wiki/Larry_J._Sabato" class="mw-redirect" title="Larry J. Sabato">Larry J. Sabato</a>: Rowman & Littlefield, 2015), p. 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clark Mindock, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollcall.com/news/elections-2014-running-unopposed-congress">30 Members, 1 Senator Running Unopposed</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190803171201/https://www.rollcall.com/news/elections-2014-running-unopposed-congress">Archived</a> August 3, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Roll Call</i> (November 3, 2014).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news-journal.com/news/county/gregg/report-u-s-rep-john-ratcliffe-of-texas-among-possible/article_e9ade44a-e5ff-11e8-9803-e3df5081c669.html">"Report: U.S. Rep. John Ratcliffe of Texas among possible AG candidates"</a>. Longview News-Journal. November 11, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004211/https://www.news-journal.com/news/county/gregg/report-u-s-rep-john-ratcliffe-of-texas-among-possible/article_e9ade44a-e5ff-11e8-9803-e3df5081c669.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report%3A+U.S.+Rep.+John+Ratcliffe+of+Texas+among+possible+AG+candidates&rft.pub=Longview+News-Journal&rft.date=2018-11-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news-journal.com%2Fnews%2Fcounty%2Fgregg%2Freport-u-s-rep-john-ratcliffe-of-texas-among-possible%2Farticle_e9ade44a-e5ff-11e8-9803-e3df5081c669.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160410023059/http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/editorials/20160122-editorial-we-recommend-john-ratcliffe-in-gop-race-for-4th-congressional-district.ece">"Editorial: We recommend John Ratcliffe in GOP race for 4th Congressional District"</a>. Dallas News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/editorials/20160122-editorial-we-recommend-john-ratcliffe-in-gop-race-for-4th-congressional-district.ece">the original</a> on April 10, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Editorial%3A+We+recommend+John+Ratcliffe+in+GOP+race+for+4th+Congressional+District&rft.pub=Dallas+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasnews.com%2Fopinion%2Feditorials%2F20160122-editorial-we-recommend-john-ratcliffe-in-gop-race-for-4th-congressional-district.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pressure-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pressure_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pressure_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foxnews.com/politics/new-pressure-on-comey-to-return-to-capitol-hill-as-white-house-accuses-him-of-false-testimony">"New Pressure on Comey to Return to Capitol Hill"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>. September 11, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181103083935/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/new-pressure-on-comey-to-return-to-capitol-hill-as-white-house-accuses-him-of-false-testimony">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Pressure+on+Comey+to+Return+to+Capitol+Hill&rft.pub=Fox+News&rft.date=2017-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fpolitics%2Fnew-pressure-on-comey-to-return-to-capitol-hill-as-white-house-accuses-him-of-false-testimony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsc-walker.house.gov/">"Member List"</a>. Republican Study Committee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222002744/http://rsc-walker.house.gov/">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Member+List&rft.pub=Republican+Study+Committee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frsc-walker.house.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ng911institute.org/about-the-congressional-nextgen-9-1-1-caucus">"Members"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Ratcliffe%2C+Gowdy+join+list+of+potential+attorney+general+picks&rft.date=2018-11-10&rft.aulast=Caldwell&rft.aufirst=Leigh+Ann&rft.au=Ainsley%2C+Julia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fpolitics%2Fjustice-department%2Fratcliffe-gowdy-join-list-potential-attorney-general-picks-n934616&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTribune2018" class="citation web cs1">Tribune, The Texas (November 11, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.texastribune.org/2018/11/11/john-ratcliffe-texas-possible-ag-candidate/">"Report: U.S. Rep. John Ratcliffe of Texas among possible AG candidates"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181115195030/https://www.texastribune.org/2018/11/11/john-ratcliffe-texas-possible-ag-candidate/">Archived</a> from the original on November 15, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report%3A+U.S.+Rep.+John+Ratcliffe+of+Texas+among+possible+AG+candidates&rft.date=2018-11-11&rft.aulast=Tribune&rft.aufirst=The+Texas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.texastribune.org%2F2018%2F11%2F11%2Fjohn-ratcliffe-texas-possible-ag-candidate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediamatters.org/blog/2019/03/14/foxs-news-side-runs-farcical-report-doj-ordered-fbi-not-charge-clinton/223139">"Fox's "news side" runs with a farcical report that the DOJ "ordered" the FBI not to charge Clinton"</a>. <i>Media Matters for America</i>. March 14, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190324235932/https://www.mediamatters.org/blog/2019/03/14/foxs-news-side-runs-farcical-report-doj-ordered-fbi-not-charge-clinton/223139">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Media+Matters+for+America&rft.atitle=Fox%27s+%22news+side%22+runs+with+a+farcical+report+that+the+DOJ+%22ordered%22+the+FBI+not+to+charge+Clinton&rft.date=2019-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediamatters.org%2Fblog%2F2019%2F03%2F14%2Ffoxs-news-side-runs-farcical-report-doj-ordered-fbi-not-charge-clinton%2F223139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Congressional-Overview/Profiles/114th/">"114th Congress (2015–2017) Congressional Profile"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004213/https://history.house.gov/Congressional-Overview/Profiles/114th/">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=114th+Congress+%282015%E2%80%932017%29+Congressional+Profile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FCongressional-Overview%2FProfiles%2F114th%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181222105339/https://ratcliffe.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=75">"Rep. Ratcliffe to chair Homeland Security subcommittee hearing in Grayson County"</a>. <i>U.S. Congressman John Ratcliffe</i>. April 1, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ratcliffe.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=75">the original</a> on December 22, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Congressman+John+Ratcliffe&rft.atitle=Rep.+Ratcliffe+to+chair+Homeland+Security+subcommittee+hearing+in+Grayson+County&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fratcliffe.house.gov%2Fnews%2Fdocumentsingle.aspx%3FDocumentID%3D75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115thAssignments-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-115thAssignments_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-115thAssignments_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-115thAssignments_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-115thAssignments_42-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Congressional-Overview/Profiles/115th/">Official Alphabetical List of Standing Committee & Subcommittees for the 115th Congress</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190803171952/https://history.house.gov/Congressional-Overview/Profiles/115th/">Archived</a> August 3, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Congress Profiles: 115th Congress (2017–2019).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116thCommittee-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-116thCommittee_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-116thCommittee_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-116thCommittee_43-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/committee_info/scsoal.pdf">Official List of Standing Committees and Subcommittees for the 116th Congress</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161115154614/http://clerk.house.gov/committee_info/scsoal.pdf">Archived</a> November 15, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Office of the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/statement-press-secretary-announcing-congressional-members-presidents-impeachment-team/">"Statement from the Press Secretary Announcing Congressional Members of the President's Impeachment Team"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Whitehouse.gov" title="Whitehouse.gov">whitehouse.gov</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210120200553/https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/statement-press-secretary-announcing-congressional-members-presidents-impeachment-team/">Archived</a> from the original on January 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Congressman+John+Ratcliffe&rft.atitle=Rep.+Ratcliffe+statement+on+Appointment+to+Serve+on+President+Trump%27s+Impeachment+Team&rft.date=2020-01-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fratcliffe.house.gov%2Fnews%2Fdocumentsingle.aspx%3FDocumentID%3D1447&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2020/01/21/trump-adds-texas-congressman-john-ratcliffe-to-impeachment-defense-team/">"Trump adds Texas congressman John Ratcliffe to impeachment defense team"</a>. <i>Dallas News</i>. January 21, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004217/https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2020/01/21/trump-adds-texas-congressman-john-ratcliffe-to-impeachment-defense-team/">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dallas+News&rft.atitle=Trump+adds+Texas+congressman+John+Ratcliffe+to+impeachment+defense+team&rft.date=2020-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasnews.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2020%2F01%2F21%2Ftrump-adds-texas-congressman-john-ratcliffe-to-impeachment-defense-team%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLivingston2020" class="citation web cs1">Livingston, Abby (January 21, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.texastribune.org/2020/01/20/president-donald-trump-texas-rep-john-ratcliffe-impeachment-advisor/">"Trump names U.S. Rep. 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[@realDonaldTrump]</a> (July 28, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1155580140392501248">"I am pleased to announce that highly respected Congressman John Ratcliffe of Texas will be nominated by me to be the Director of National Intelligence"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2019</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+am+pleased+to+announce+that+highly+respected+Congressman+John+Ratcliffe+of+Texas+will+be+nominated+by+me+to+be+the+Director+of+National+Intelligence.&rft.date=2019-07-28&rft.au=Trump%2C+Donald+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FrealDonaldTrump%2Fstatus%2F1155580140392501248&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barnes-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barnes_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barnes_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barnes_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barnes_49-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHabermanBarnesBaker2019" class="citation web cs1">Haberman, Maggie; Barnes, Julian; Baker, Peter (July 28, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/28/us/politics/dan-coats-intelligence-chief-out.html">"Dan Coats to Step Down as Intelligence Chief; Trump Picks Loyalist for Job"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004249/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/28/us/politics/dan-coats-intelligence-chief-out.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dan+Coats+to+Step+Down+as+Intelligence+Chief%3B+Trump+Picks+Loyalist+for+Job&rft.date=2019-07-28&rft.aulast=Haberman&rft.aufirst=Maggie&rft.au=Barnes%2C+Julian&rft.au=Baker%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F07%2F28%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fdan-coats-intelligence-chief-out.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-intelligence-idUSKCN1UP2JX">"Defending intelligence pick, Trump says U.S. spy agencies 'run amok'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=The+quiet+director%3A+How+Gina+Haspel+manages+the+CIA%27s+volatile+relationship+with+Trump&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fnational-security%2Fthe-quiet-director-how-gina-haspel-manages-the-cias-volatile-relationship-with-trump%2F2019%2F07%2F30%2Fc54cae04-9920-11e9-830a-21b9b36b64ad_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/trumps-pick-for-national-intelligence-director-is-disengaged-from-committee-work-on-capitol-hill-officials-say/2019/08/01/6ea57ede-b3e0-11e9-8949-5f36ff92706e_story.html">"Trump's pick for national intelligence director is disengaged from committee work on Capitol Hill, officials say"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004226/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/trumps-pick-for-national-intelligence-director-is-disengaged-from-committee-work-on-capitol-hill-officials-say/2019/08/01/6ea57ede-b3e0-11e9-8949-5f36ff92706e_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Trump%27s+pick+for+national+intelligence+director+is+disengaged+from+committee+work+on+Capitol+Hill%2C+officials+say&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnational-security%2Ftrumps-pick-for-national-intelligence-director-is-disengaged-from-committee-work-on-capitol-hill-officials-say%2F2019%2F08%2F01%2F6ea57ede-b3e0-11e9-8949-5f36ff92706e_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:6_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRobert_O'Harrow_Jr._&_Shawn_Boburg2019" class="citation news cs1">Robert O'Harrow Jr. & Shawn Boburg (August 1, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/trumps-pick-to-lead-us-intelligence-claims-he-arrested-300-illegal-immigrants-in-a-single-day-he-didnt/2019/08/01/12b958e4-b3b7-11e9-8e94-71a35969e4d8_story.html">"Trump's pick to lead U.S. intelligence claims he arrested 300 illegal immigrants in a single day. He didn't"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004217/https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/trumps-pick-to-lead-us-intelligence-claims-he-arrested-300-illegal-immigrants-in-a-single-day-he-didnt/2019/08/01/12b958e4-b3b7-11e9-8e94-71a35969e4d8_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Trump%27s+pick+to+lead+U.S.+intelligence+claims+he+arrested+300+illegal+immigrants+in+a+single+day.+He+didn%27t.&rft.date=2019-08-01&rft.au=Robert+O%27Harrow+Jr.+%26+Shawn+Boburg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Finvestigations%2Ftrumps-pick-to-lead-us-intelligence-claims-he-arrested-300-illegal-immigrants-in-a-single-day-he-didnt%2F2019%2F08%2F01%2F12b958e4-b3b7-11e9-8e94-71a35969e4d8_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-misrep-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-misrep_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlexander_Mallin,_James_Gordon_Meek_&_Mike_Levine2019" class="citation web cs1">Alexander Mallin, James Gordon Meek & Mike Levine (July 30, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trumps-pick-inteligence-director-misrepresented-role-anti-terror/story?id=64646682">"Trump's pick for intelligence director misrepresented role in anti-terror case"</a>. ABC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190730152604/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trumps-pick-inteligence-director-misrepresented-role-anti-terror/story?id=64646682">Archived</a> from the original on July 30, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trump%27s+pick+for+intelligence+director+misrepresented+role+in+anti-terror+case&rft.pub=ABC+News&rft.date=2019-07-30&rft.au=Alexander+Mallin%2C+James+Gordon+Meek+%26+Mike+Levine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FPolitics%2Ftrumps-pick-inteligence-director-misrepresented-role-anti-terror%2Fstory%3Fid%3D64646682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Demirjan-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Demirjan_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Demirjan_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDemirjan2019" class="citation news cs1">Demirjan, Karoun (July 28, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/new-spy-chief-pick-ratcliffe-made-his-name-during-the-trump-inquiries-by-backing-the-president/2019/07/28/f92658ce-b185-11e9-951e-de024209545d_story.html">"Intelligence chief pick Ratcliffe made his name during the Trump inquiries by backing the president"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190729191431/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/new-spy-chief-pick-ratcliffe-made-his-name-during-the-trump-inquiries-by-backing-the-president/2019/07/28/f92658ce-b185-11e9-951e-de024209545d_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Intelligence+chief+pick+Ratcliffe+made+his+name+during+the+Trump+inquiries+by+backing+the+president&rft.date=2019-07-28&rft.aulast=Demirjan&rft.aufirst=Karoun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnational-security%2Fnew-spy-chief-pick-ratcliffe-made-his-name-during-the-trump-inquiries-by-backing-the-president%2F2019%2F07%2F28%2Ff92658ce-b185-11e9-951e-de024209545d_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbc4i.com/news/u-s-world/doubts-emerge-about-trump-pick-for-us-intelligence-chief/">Doubts emerge about Trump pick for US intelligence chief</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190730141521/https://www.nbc4i.com/news/u-s-world/doubts-emerge-about-trump-pick-for-us-intelligence-chief/">Archived</a> July 30, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Nexstar Broadcasting, NBC4i.com</i>, July 29, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBarnesFandosGoldman2019" class="citation web cs1">Barnes, Julian E.; Fandos, Nicholas; Goldman, Adam (July 29, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/29/us/politics/trump-ratcliffe-national-intelligence.html">"Republican Senators Are Cool to Trump's Choice for Top Intelligence Post"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210215004227/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/29/us/politics/trump-ratcliffe-national-intelligence.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Republican+Senators+Are+Cool+to+Trump%27s+Choice+for+Top+Intelligence+Post&rft.date=2019-07-29&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=Julian+E.&rft.au=Fandos%2C+Nicholas&rft.au=Goldman%2C+Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F07%2F29%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Ftrump-ratcliffe-national-intelligence.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferrechio, Susan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/congress/top-senate-republican-committee-will-swiftly-consider-ratcliffe-nomination">Top Senate Republican: Committee will 'swiftly' consider Ratcliffe nomination</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></i>, July 29, 2019 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (May 2020)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChildress2019" class="citation news cs1">Childress, Rick (July 29, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/congress/article233265013.html">"Ratcliffe, Trump's pick for nation's top spy, finds GOP support from Cornyn"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190729213106/https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/congress/article233265013.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ratcliffe%2C+Trump%27s+pick+for+nation%27s+top+spy%2C+finds+GOP+support+from+Cornyn&rft.date=2019-07-29&rft.aulast=Childress&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcclatchydc.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics-government%2Fcongress%2Farticle233265013.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediaite.com/politics/dem-senator-pulverizes-dni-nom-john-ratcliffe-sole-qualification-seems-to-be-promoting-donald-trumps-conspiracy-theories/">"Sen. Ron Wyden Slams Trump's DNI Pick John Ratcliffe"</a>. July 29, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190729212514/https://www.mediaite.com/politics/dem-senator-pulverizes-dni-nom-john-ratcliffe-sole-qualification-seems-to-be-promoting-donald-trumps-conspiracy-theories/">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sen.+Ron+Wyden+Slams+Trump%27s+DNI+Pick+John+Ratcliffe&rft.date=2019-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediaite.com%2Fpolitics%2Fdem-senator-pulverizes-dni-nom-john-ratcliffe-sole-qualification-seems-to-be-promoting-donald-trumps-conspiracy-theories%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBorger2019" class="citation news cs1">Borger, Julian (July 29, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jul/29/trump-intelligence-director-nominee-john-ratcliffe-dan-coats">"Trump's intelligence pick is attempt to 'neutralise' spy agencies, say ex-officials"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i> – via theguardian.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Trump%27s+intelligence+pick+is+attempt+to+%27neutralise%27+spy+agencies%2C+say+ex-officials&rft.date=2019-07-29&rft.aulast=Borger&rft.aufirst=Julian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2019%2Fjul%2F29%2Ftrump-intelligence-director-nominee-john-ratcliffe-dan-coats&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSheth" class="citation web cs1">Sheth, Sonam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/intel-officials-react-trump-john-ratcliffe-dni-nomination-2019-7">"Current and former officials say Trump's pick for spy chief would be 'an arm of the White House' who could paralyze the intelligence community"</a>. <i>Business Insider</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190730235215/https://www.businessinsider.com/intel-officials-react-trump-john-ratcliffe-dni-nomination-2019-7">Archived</a> from the original on July 30, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=Current+and+former+officials+say+Trump%27s+pick+for+spy+chief+would+be+%27an+arm+of+the+White+House%27+who+could+paralyze+the+intelligence+community&rft.aulast=Sheth&rft.aufirst=Sonam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fintel-officials-react-trump-john-ratcliffe-dni-nomination-2019-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cohen-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cohen_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZachary_CohenPamela_BrownAllie_MalloyKaitlan_Collins2019" class="citation web cs1">Zachary Cohen; Pamela Brown; Allie Malloy; Kaitlan Collins (August 2, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/02/politics/trump-ratcliffe-dni/index.html">"Trump says Ratcliffe is no longer his pick for director of national intelligence"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190802184823/https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/02/politics/trump-ratcliffe-dni/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Trump+says+Ratcliffe+is+no+longer+his+pick+for+director+of+national+intelligence&rft.date=2019-08-02&rft.au=Zachary+Cohen&rft.au=Pamela+Brown&rft.au=Allie+Malloy&rft.au=Kaitlan+Collins&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2019%2F08%2F02%2Fpolitics%2Ftrump-ratcliffe-dni%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DropsPlans-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DropsPlans_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSavageBarnesKarni2019" class="citation news cs1">Savage, Charlie; Barnes, Julian E.; Karni, Annie (August 2, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/02/us/politics/trump-ratcliffe-dni.html">"Trump Drops Plans to Nominate John Ratcliffe as Director of National Intelligence"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Trump+Drops+Plans+to+Nominate+John+Ratcliffe+as+Director+of+National+Intelligence&rft.date=2019-08-02&rft.aulast=Savage&rft.aufirst=Charlie&rft.au=Barnes%2C+Julian+E.&rft.au=Karni%2C+Annie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F08%2F02%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Ftrump-ratcliffe-dni.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediaite.com/tv/trump-defends-wh-vetting-process-after-ratcliffe-withdraws-tells-reporters-you-vet-for-me/">"Trump to Reporters: 'You Vet for Me'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Week&rft.atitle=GOP+Rep.+John+Ratcliffe%27s+intense+Mueller+questioning+may+have+been+an+audition+for+President+Trump&rft.date=2019-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheweek.com%2Fspeedreads%2F854611%2Fgop-rep-john-ratcliffes-intense-mueller-questioning-may-have-been-audition-president-trump&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_124-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_124-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2019/jul/24/john-ratcliffe/look-whether-robert-mueller-broke-rules-special-co/">"Did Mueller break the rules for special counsels? 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 26,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%40politifact&rft.atitle=Did+Mueller+break+the+rules+for+special+counsels%3F+No&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politifact.com%2Ftruth-o-meter%2Fstatements%2F2019%2Fjul%2F24%2Fjohn-ratcliffe%2Flook-whether-robert-mueller-broke-rules-special-co%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2019/jul/24/john-ratcliffe/look-whether-robert-mueller-broke-rules-special-co/">"Did Mueller break the rules for special counsels? No"</a>. <i>@politifact</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190726132936/https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2019/jul/24/john-ratcliffe/look-whether-robert-mueller-broke-rules-special-co/">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 26,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%40politifact&rft.atitle=Did+Mueller+break+the+rules+for+special+counsels%3F+No&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politifact.com%2Ftruth-o-meter%2Fstatements%2F2019%2Fjul%2F24%2Fjohn-ratcliffe%2Flook-whether-robert-mueller-broke-rules-special-co%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYenWoodward2019" class="citation web cs1">Yen, Hope; Woodward, Calvin (July 24, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/130932b573664ea5a4d186f752bb8d50">"AP FACT CHECK: Trump falsely claims Mueller exonerated him"</a>. <i>AP NEWS</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190730231613/https://apnews.com/130932b573664ea5a4d186f752bb8d50">Archived</a> from the original on July 30, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FactCheck.org&rft.atitle=Dossier+Not+What+%27Started+All+of+This%27&rft.date=2019-03-27&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Lori&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.factcheck.org%2F2019%2F03%2Fdossier-not-what-started-all-of-this%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediaite.com/tv/trump-nominee-for-director-of-national-intelligence-just-accused-the-obama-administration-of-committing-crimes/">"John Ratcliffe Says Crimes Committed During Obama Presidency"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Religious+affiliation+of+members+of+116th+Congress&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2019-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F7%2F2019%2F01%2FDetailed-tables-NUMBER-CHECK-COMPLETE-1-3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Ratcliffe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ratcliffe&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.odni.gov/index.php/who-we-are/leadership/director-of-national-intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a> biography</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000601">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4TX04153">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/member/john-ratcliffe/R000601">Legislation sponsored</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/147381">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?76455">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00035972/">Money-in-Politics profile</a> from OpenSecrets.org</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">Ralph Hall</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="Texas04 !"><a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 4th congressional district">Texas's 4th congressional district</a></span> </b><br />2015–2020 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Fallon" title="Pat Fallon">Pat Fallon</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Grenell" title="Richard Grenell">Richard Grenell</a><br />Acting</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a> </b><br />2020–2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Avril_Haines" title="Avril Haines">Avril Haines</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Sylvester" title="Tom Sylvester">Tom Sylvester</a><br />Acting</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">Director of the Central Intelligence Agency</a> </b><br />2025–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;">Order of precedence </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tulsi_Gabbard" title="Tulsi Gabbard">Tulsi Gabbard</a></div><i><b>as Director of National Intelligence </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a><br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency</span></i> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Chuck Grassley</a></div><i><b>as President pro tempore of the U.S. Senate </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_U.S._Cabinet" title="Template:Current U.S. Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_U.S._Cabinet" title="Template talk:Current U.S. Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_U.S._Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current U.S. Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Cabinet_of_the_United_States220" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cabinet members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></b> • <b><a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bessent" title="Scott Bessent">Bessent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pam_Bondi" title="Pam Bondi">Bondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Burgum" title="Doug Burgum">Burgum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Collins_(politician)" title="Doug Collins (politician)">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Duffy" title="Sean Duffy">Duffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Hegseth" title="Pete Hegseth">Hegseth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr." title="Robert F. Kennedy Jr.">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Lutnick" title="Howard Lutnick">Lutnick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_McMahon" title="Linda McMahon">McMahon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_Micone" title="Vince Micone">Micone</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem">Noem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Rollins" title="Brooke Rollins">Rollins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Turner_(politician)" title="Scott Turner (politician)">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Wright" title="Chris Wright">Wright</a></li></ul></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="White House Logo"><img alt="White House Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/100px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/150px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/200px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="83" data-file-height="58" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States#Cabinet-level_officials" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet-level members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsi_Gabbard" title="Tulsi Gabbard">Gabbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamieson_Greer" title="Jamieson Greer">Greer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Loeffler" title="Kelly Loeffler">Loeffler</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ratcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Shea" title="Dorothy Shea">Shea</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Vought" title="Russell Vought">Vought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susie_Wiles" title="Susie Wiles">Wiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Zeldin" title="Lee Zeldin">Zeldin</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><sup>*</sup>acting<br /><a href="/wiki/Second_cabinet_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second cabinet of Donald Trump">Cabinet of Donald Trump</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Directors_of_Central_Intelligence_and_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency286" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:DCIA" title="Template:DCIA"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:DCIA" title="Template talk:DCIA"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:DCIA" title="Special:EditPage/Template:DCIA"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Directors_of_Central_Intelligence_and_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency286" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Central_Intelligence" title="Director of Central Intelligence">Directors of Central Intelligence</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Central_Intelligence" title="Director of Central Intelligence">Central Intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Souers" title="Sidney Souers">Souers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoyt_Vandenberg" title="Hoyt Vandenberg">Vandenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_H._Hillenkoetter" title="Roscoe H. Hillenkoetter">Hillenkoetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Bedell_Smith" title="Walter Bedell Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Dulles" title="Allen Dulles">Dulles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._McCone" title="John A. McCone">McCone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Raborn" title="William Raborn">Raborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Helms" title="Richard Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Schlesinger" title="James R. Schlesinger">Schlesinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Colby" title="William Colby">Colby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stansfield_Turner" title="Stansfield Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Casey" title="William J. Casey">Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Webster" title="William H. Webster">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gates" title="Robert Gates">Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._James_Woolsey_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="R. James Woolsey Jr.">Woolsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Deutch" title="John M. Deutch">Deutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Tenet" title="George Tenet">Tenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porter_Goss" title="Porter Goss">Goss</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg/113px-Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="510" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porter_Goss" title="Porter Goss">Goss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hayden_(general)" title="Michael Hayden (general)">Hayden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Panetta" title="Leon Panetta">Panetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Petraeus" title="David Petraeus">Petraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_O._Brennan" class="mw-redirect" title="John O. Brennan">Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Pompeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gina_Haspel" title="Gina Haspel">Haspel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Burns_(diplomat)" title="William J. Burns (diplomat)">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">Ratcliffe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_directors_of_national_intelligence86" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_directors_of_national_intelligence" title="Template:US directors of national intelligence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_directors_of_national_intelligence" title="Template talk:US directors of national intelligence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_directors_of_national_intelligence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US directors of national intelligence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_directors_of_national_intelligence86" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">United States directors of national intelligence</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Negroponte" title="John Negroponte">Negroponte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Michael_McConnell" class="mw-redirect" title="John Michael McConnell">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_C._Blair" title="Dennis C. Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clapper" title="James Clapper">Clapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Coats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">Ratcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avril_Haines" title="Avril Haines">Haines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsi_Gabbard" title="Tulsi Gabbard">Gabbard</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_Director_of_National_Intelligence.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the Director of National Intelligence"><img alt="Seal of the Director of National Intelligence" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_Director_of_National_Intelligence.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_Director_of_National_Intelligence.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_Director_of_National_Intelligence.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_Director_of_National_Intelligence.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_Director_of_National_Intelligence.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_Office_of_the_Director_of_National_Intelligence.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Seal of the Director of National Intelligence</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="First_cabinet_of_President_Donald_Trump_(2017–2021)196" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:First_Trump_cabinet" title="Template:First Trump cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:First_Trump_cabinet" title="Template talk:First Trump cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:First_Trump_cabinet" 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the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="16" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg/100px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg/150px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg/200px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="2850" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rex_Tillerson" title="Rex Tillerson">Rex Tillerson</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Mike Pompeo</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Mnuchin" title="Steven Mnuchin">Steven Mnuchin</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Mattis" title="Jim Mattis">Jim Mattis</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Esper" title="Mark Esper">Mark Esper</a> (2019–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_C._Miller" title="Christopher C. Miller">Christopher C. Miller</a> (acting) (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">Jeff Sessions</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barr" title="William Barr">William Barr</a> (2019–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_A._Rosen" title="Jeffrey A. Rosen">Jeffrey A. Rosen</a> (acting) (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Zinke" title="Ryan Zinke">Ryan Zinke</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Bernhardt" title="David Bernhardt">David Bernhardt</a> (2019–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Perdue" title="Sonny Perdue">Sonny Perdue</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilbur_Ross" title="Wilbur Ross">Wilbur Ross</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Acosta" title="Alexander Acosta">Alexander Acosta</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Scalia" title="Eugene Scalia">Eugene Scalia</a> (2019–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Price_(American_politician)" title="Tom Price (American politician)">Tom Price</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Azar" title="Alex Azar">Alex Azar</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Carson" title="Ben Carson">Ben Carson</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao">Elaine Chao</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Energy" title="United States Secretary of Energy">Secretary of Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Perry" title="Rick Perry">Rick Perry</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Brouillette" title="Dan Brouillette">Dan Brouillette</a> (2019–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Education" title="United States Secretary of Education">Secretary of Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betsy_DeVos" title="Betsy DeVos">Betsy DeVos</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs">Secretary of Veterans Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Shulkin" title="David Shulkin">David Shulkin</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wilkie" title="Robert Wilkie">Robert Wilkie</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security">Secretary of Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kelly" title="John F. Kelly">John F. Kelly</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirstjen_Nielsen" title="Kirstjen Nielsen">Kirstjen Nielsen</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_Wolf" title="Chad Wolf">Chad Wolf</a> (acting) (2019–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet-level492" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Pruitt" title="Scott Pruitt">Scott Pruitt</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_R._Wheeler" title="Andrew R. Wheeler">Andrew R. Wheeler</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Director of the Office of Management and Budget</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Mulvaney" title="Mick Mulvaney">Mick Mulvaney</a> (2017–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Vought" title="Russell Vought">Russell Vought</a> (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Coats" title="Dan Coats">Dan Coats</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">John Ratcliffe</a> (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">Director of the Central Intelligence Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Mike Pompeo</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gina_Haspel" title="Gina Haspel">Gina Haspel</a> (2018–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Trade Representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lighthizer" title="Robert Lighthizer">Robert Lighthizer</a> (2017–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Nations" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations">Ambassador to the United Nations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Haley" title="Nikki Haley">Nikki Haley</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Craft" title="Kelly Craft">Kelly Craft</a> (2019–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Small_Business_Administration" title="Administrator of the Small Business Administration">Administrator of the Small Business Administration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linda_McMahon" title="Linda McMahon">Linda McMahon</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovita_Carranza" title="Jovita Carranza">Jovita Carranza</a> (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reince_Priebus" title="Reince Priebus">Reince Priebus</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kelly" title="John F. Kelly">John F. Kelly</a> (2017–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Meadows" title="Mark Meadows">Mark Meadows</a> (2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Political_appointments_of_the_first_Trump_administration" title="Political appointments of the first Trump administration">Political appointments of the first Trump administration</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Second_cabinet_of_President_Donald_Trump_(2025–present)267" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Second_Trump_cabinet" title="Template:Second Trump cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Second_Trump_cabinet" title="Template talk:Second Trump cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Second_Trump_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Second Trump cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Second_cabinet_of_President_Donald_Trump_(2025–present)267" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Second_cabinet_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second cabinet of Donald Trump">Second cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (2025–present)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet1740" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">JD Vance</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="16" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TrumpPortrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/100px-TrumpPortrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/150px-TrumpPortrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/200px-TrumpPortrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="3300" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bessent" title="Scott Bessent">Scott Bessent</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Hegseth" title="Pete Hegseth">Pete Hegseth</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pam_Bondi" title="Pam Bondi">Pam Bondi</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Burgum" title="Doug Burgum">Doug Burgum</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Rollins" title="Brooke Rollins">Brooke Rollins</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Lutnick" title="Howard Lutnick">Howard Lutnick</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lori_Chavez-DeRemer" title="Lori Chavez-DeRemer">Lori Chavez-DeRemer</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr." title="Robert F. Kennedy Jr.">Robert F. Kennedy Jr.</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Turner_(politician)" title="Scott Turner (politician)">Scott Turner</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Duffy" title="Sean Duffy">Sean Duffy</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Energy" title="United States Secretary of Energy">Secretary of Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Wright" title="Chris Wright">Chris Wright</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Education" title="United States Secretary of Education">Secretary of Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linda_McMahon" title="Linda McMahon">Linda McMahon</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs">Secretary of Veterans Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Collins_(politician)" title="Doug Collins (politician)">Doug Collins</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security">Secretary of Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem">Kristi Noem</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet-level937" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Zeldin" title="Lee Zeldin">Lee Zeldin</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trump_47_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Trump_47_icon.svg/100px-Trump_47_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Trump_47_icon.svg/150px-Trump_47_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Trump_47_icon.svg/200px-Trump_47_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="110" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Director of the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Office of Management and Budget</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Vought" title="Russell Vought">Russell Vought</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tulsi_Gabbard" title="Tulsi Gabbard">Tulsi Gabbard</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency">Director of the Central Intelligence Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Ratcliffe</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Trade Representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamieson_Greer" title="Jamieson Greer">Jamieson Greer</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Nations" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations">Ambassador to the United Nations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elise_Stefanik" title="Elise Stefanik">Elise Stefanik</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Economic_Advisers" title="Council of Economic Advisers">Council of Economic Advisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Miran" title="Stephen Miran">Stephen Miran</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Small_Business_Administration" title="Administrator of the Small Business Administration">Administrator of the Small Business Administration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Loeffler" title="Kelly Loeffler">Kelly Loeffler</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Director of the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Science_and_Technology_Policy" title="Office of Science and Technology Policy">Office of Science and Technology Policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kratsios" title="Michael Kratsios">Michael Kratsios</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Susie_Wiles" title="Susie Wiles">Susie Wiles</a> (2025–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>*Pending Senate confirmation<br />See also: <a href="/wiki/Political_appointments_of_the_second_Trump_administration" title="Political appointments of the second Trump administration">Political appointments of the second Trump administration</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="First_impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump266" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:First_impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="Template:First impeachment and impeachment trial of Donald Trump"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:First_impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="Template talk:First impeachment and impeachment trial of Donald Trump"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:First_impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="Special:EditPage/Template:First impeachment and impeachment trial of Donald Trump"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="First_impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump266" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">First <a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">impeachment</a> and <a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment trial of Donald Trump">impeachment trial</a> of <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump" title="Efforts to impeach Donald Trump">Efforts to impeach</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_resolutions_introduced_against_Donald_Trump" title="List of impeachment resolutions introduced against Donald Trump">Resolutions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump%E2%80%93Ukraine_scandal" title="Trump–Ukraine scandal">Trump–Ukraine scandal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Donald_Trump" title="Impeachment inquiry into Donald Trump">Inquiry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Testifying witnesses:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Atkinson_(Inspector_General)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Atkinson (Inspector General)">Michael Atkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Cooper" title="Laura Cooper">Laura Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Croft" title="Catherine Croft">Catherine Croft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hale_(diplomat)" title="David Hale (diplomat)">David Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiona_Hill_(presidential_advisor)" title="Fiona Hill (presidential advisor)">Fiona Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Holmes_(diplomat)" title="David Holmes (diplomat)">David Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Linick" title="Steve Linick">Steve Linick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Maguire" title="Joseph Maguire">Joseph Maguire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Morrison_(presidential_advisor)" title="Tim Morrison (presidential advisor)">Tim Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_T._Reeker" title="Philip T. Reeker">Philip T. Reeker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Sandy" title="Mark Sandy">Mark Sandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Sondland" title="Gordon Sondland">Gordon Sondland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Taylor_Jr." title="William B. Taylor Jr.">William B. Taylor Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Vindman" title="Alexander Vindman">Alexander Vindman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Volker" title="Kurt Volker">Kurt Volker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Williams" title="Jennifer Williams">Jennifer Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Yovanovitch" title="Marie Yovanovitch">Marie Yovanovitch</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment trial of Donald Trump">Impeachment trial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Presiding officer:</b> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">John Roberts</a></li> <p><b>House managers:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Schiff" title="Adam Schiff">Adam Schiff</a> (lead manager)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Crow" title="Jason Crow">Jason Crow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val_Demings" title="Val Demings">Val Demings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Garcia" title="Sylvia Garcia">Sylvia Garcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Jeffries" title="Hakeem Jeffries">Hakeem Jeffries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoe_Lofgren" title="Zoe Lofgren">Zoe Lofgren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Nadler" title="Jerry Nadler">Jerry Nadler</a></li></ul> <p><b>President's counsel:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pam_Bondi" title="Pam Bondi">Pam Bondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Cipollone" title="Pat Cipollone">Pat Cipollone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Dershowitz" title="Alan Dershowitz">Alan Dershowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_F._Philbin" title="Patrick F. Philbin">Patrick F. Philbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Purpura" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Purpura">Michael Purpura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ray_(prosecutor)" title="Robert Ray (prosecutor)">Robert Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Sekulow" title="Jay Sekulow">Jay Sekulow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Ken Starr</a></li></ul> <p><b>Congressional defense team:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Collins_(politician)" title="Doug Collins (politician)">Doug Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Mike Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Lesko" title="Debbie Lesko">Debbie Lesko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Meadows" title="Mark Meadows">Mark Meadows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">John Ratcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elise_Stefanik" title="Elise Stefanik">Elise Stefanik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Zeldin" title="Lee Zeldin">Lee Zeldin</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expungements_of_the_impeachments_of_Donald_Trump" title="Proposed expungements of the impeachments of Donald Trump">Proposed expungement</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Texas&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_114th–116th_United_States_Congress_(ordered_by_seniority)193" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Texas&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_114th–116th_United_States_Congress_(ordered_by_seniority)193" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>'s delegation(s) to the 114th–116th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">T. Cruz</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Randy_Neugebauer" title="Randy Neugebauer">R. Neugebauer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">T. Poe</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Olson" title="Pete Olson">P. Olson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Blake_Farenthold" title="Blake Farenthold">B. Farenthold</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bill_Flores" title="Bill Flores">B. Flores</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">J. Castro</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Beto_O%27Rourke" title="Beto O'Rourke">B. O'Rourke</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">M. Veasey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Filemon_Vela_Jr." title="Filemon Vela Jr.">F. Vela Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">R. Weber</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">R. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">B. Babin</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Will_Hurd" title="Will Hurd">W. Hurd</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">J. Ratcliffe</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">T. Cruz</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">T. Poe</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Olson" title="Pete Olson">P. Olson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Blake_Farenthold" title="Blake Farenthold"><i>B. Farenthold</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bill_Flores" title="Bill Flores">B. Flores</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">J. Castro</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Beto_O%27Rourke" title="Beto O'Rourke">B. O'Rourke</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">M. Veasey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Filemon_Vela_Jr." title="Filemon Vela Jr.">F. Vela Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">R. Weber</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">R. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">B. Babin</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Will_Hurd" title="Will Hurd">W. Hurd</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">J. Ratcliffe</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jodey_Arrington" title="Jodey Arrington">J. Arrington</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Gonzalez_(politician)" title="Vicente Gonzalez (politician)">V. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cloud" title="Michael Cloud"><i>M. Cloud</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">T. Cruz</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pete_Olson" title="Pete Olson">P. Olson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bill_Flores" title="Bill Flores">B. Flores</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">J. Castro</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">M. Veasey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Filemon_Vela_Jr." title="Filemon Vela Jr.">F. Vela Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">R. Weber</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">R. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">B. Babin</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Will_Hurd" title="Will Hurd">W. Hurd</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)"><i>J. Ratcliffe</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jodey_Arrington" title="Jodey Arrington">J. Arrington</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Gonzalez_(politician)" title="Vicente Gonzalez (politician)">V. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cloud" title="Michael Cloud">M. Cloud</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Colin_Allred" title="Colin Allred">C. Allred</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Crenshaw" title="Dan Crenshaw">D. Crenshaw</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Veronica_Escobar" title="Veronica Escobar">V. Escobar</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Garcia" title="Sylvia Garcia">S. Garcia</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lance_Gooden" title="Lance Gooden">L. Gooden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Fletcher" title="Lizzie Fletcher">L. Fletcher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">C. Roy</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Van_Taylor" title="Van Taylor">V. Taylor</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ron_Wright_(politician)" title="Ron Wright (politician)">R. Wright</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16980175#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata725" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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