A common variant at the TERT-CLPTM1L locus is associated with estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer

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Klinikum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2011 Oct 30"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="43"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="12"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1210"> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1038/ng.985"> <meta name="citation_pmid" content="22037553"> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3279120/"> <meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3279120/"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3279120/pdf/nihms353821.pdf"> <meta name="description" content="Estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer shows a higher incidence in women of African ancestry compared to women of European ancestry. 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Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Dec 1.</div> <div> <em>Published in final edited form as: </em>Nat Genet. 2011 Oct 30;43(12):1210–1214. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.985" class="usa-link usa-link--external" data-ga-action="click_feat_suppl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1038/ng.985</a> </div> <nav id="journal_context_menu" hidden="hidden"><ul class="menu-list font-family-ui" role="menu"> <li role="presentation"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=%22Nat%20Genet%22%5Bjour%5D" class="usa-link" role="menuitem">Search in PMC</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Nat%20Genet%22%5Bjour%5D" lang="en" class="usa-link" role="menuitem">Search in PubMed</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Nat%20Genet%22%5BTitle%20Abbreviation%5D" class="usa-link" role="menuitem">View in NLM Catalog</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="?term=%22Nat%20Genet%22%5Bjour%5D" class="usa-link" role="menuitem" data-add-to-search="true">Add to search</a></li> </ul></nav></section><section class="front-matter"><div class="ameta p font-secondary font-xs"> <hgroup><h1>A common variant at the <em>TERT-CLPTM1L</em> locus is associated with estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer</h1></hgroup><div class="cg p"> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Haiman%20CA%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id1"><span class="name western">Christopher A Haiman</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id1"> <h3><span class="name western">Christopher A Haiman</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Haiman%20CA%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Christopher A Haiman</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chen%20GK%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id2"><span class="name western">Gary K Chen</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id2"> <h3><span class="name western">Gary K Chen</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chen%20GK%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Gary K Chen</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vachon%20CM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id3"><span class="name western">Celine M Vachon</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id3"> <h3><span class="name western">Celine M Vachon</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>2</sup>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vachon%20CM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Celine M Vachon</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>2</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Canzian%20F%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id4"><span class="name western">Federico Canzian</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id4"> <h3><span class="name western">Federico Canzian</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>3</sup>Genomic Epidemiology Group, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Canzian%20F%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Federico Canzian</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>3</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Dunning%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id5"><span class="name western">Alison Dunning</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id5"> <h3><span class="name western">Alison Dunning</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>4</sup>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Strangeways Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Dunning%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Alison Dunning</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>4</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Millikan%20RC%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id6"><span class="name western">Robert C Millikan</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id6"> <h3><span class="name western">Robert C Millikan</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>5</sup>Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Millikan%20RC%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Robert C Millikan</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>5</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wang%20X%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id7"><span class="name western">Xianshu Wang</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id7"> <h3><span class="name western">Xianshu Wang</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>6</sup>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wang%20X%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Xianshu Wang</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>6</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ademuyiwa%20F%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id8"><span class="name western">Foluso Ademuyiwa</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id8"> <h3><span class="name western">Foluso Ademuyiwa</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>7</sup>Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ademuyiwa%20F%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Foluso Ademuyiwa</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>7</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ahmed%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id9"><span class="name western">Shahana Ahmed</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id9"> <h3><span class="name western">Shahana Ahmed</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>4</sup>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Strangeways Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ahmed%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Shahana Ahmed</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>4</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ambrosone%20CB%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id10"><span class="name western">Christine B Ambrosone</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id10"> <h3><span class="name western">Christine B Ambrosone</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>8</sup>Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ambrosone%20CB%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Christine B Ambrosone</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>8</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Baglietto%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id11"><span class="name western">Laura Baglietto</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id11"> <h3><span class="name western">Laura Baglietto</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>9</sup>Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria & Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Baglietto%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Laura Baglietto</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>9</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Balleine%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id12"><span class="name western">Rosemary Balleine</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id12"> <h3><span class="name western">Rosemary Balleine</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>10</sup>Department of Translational Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health Network, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Balleine%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Rosemary Balleine</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>10</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Bandera%20EV%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id13"><span class="name western">Elisa V Bandera</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id13"> <h3><span class="name western">Elisa V Bandera</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>11</sup>The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Bandera%20EV%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Elisa V Bandera</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>11</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Beckmann%20MW%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id14"><span class="name western">Matthias W Beckmann</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id14"> <h3><span class="name western">Matthias W Beckmann</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>12</sup>Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Beckmann%20MW%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Matthias W Beckmann</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>12</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Berg%20CD%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id15"><span class="name western">Christine D Berg</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id15"> <h3><span class="name western">Christine D Berg</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>13</sup>Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Berg%20CD%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Christine D Berg</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>13</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Bernstein%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id16"><span class="name western">Leslie Bernstein</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id16"> <h3><span class="name western">Leslie Bernstein</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>14</sup>Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Bernstein%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Leslie Bernstein</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>14</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Blomqvist%20C%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id17"><span class="name western">Carl Blomqvist</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id17"> <h3><span class="name western">Carl Blomqvist</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>15</sup>Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Blomqvist%20C%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Carl Blomqvist</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>15</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Blot%20WJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id18"><span class="name western">William J Blot</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id18"> <h3><span class="name western">William J Blot</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>16</sup>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</div> <div class="p"> <sup>17</sup>International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Blot%20WJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">William J Blot</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>16,</sup><sup>17</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Brauch%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id19"><span class="name western">Hiltrud Brauch</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id19"> <h3><span class="name western">Hiltrud Brauch</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>18</sup>Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany</div> <div class="p"> <sup>19</sup>University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Brauch%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Hiltrud Brauch</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>18,</sup><sup>19</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Buring%20JE%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id20"><span class="name western">Julie E Buring</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id20"> <h3><span class="name western">Julie E Buring</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>20</sup>Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Buring%20JE%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Julie E Buring</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>20</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Carey%20LA%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id21"><span class="name western">Lisa A Carey</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id21"> <h3><span class="name western">Lisa A Carey</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>21</sup>Department of Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Carey%20LA%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Lisa A Carey</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>21</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Carpenter%20JE%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id22"><span class="name western">Jane E Carpenter</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id22"> <h3><span class="name western">Jane E Carpenter</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>22</sup>Australian Breast Cancer Tissue Bank, University of Sydney at the Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Carpenter%20JE%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Jane E Carpenter</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>22</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chang-Claude%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id23"><span class="name western">Jenny Chang-Claude</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id23"> <h3><span class="name western">Jenny Chang-Claude</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>23</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chang-Claude%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Jenny Chang-Claude</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>23</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chanock%20SJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id24"><span class="name western">Stephen J Chanock</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id24"> <h3><span class="name western">Stephen J Chanock</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>24</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chanock%20SJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Stephen J Chanock</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>24</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chasman%20DI%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id25"><span class="name western">Daniel I Chasman</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id25"> <h3><span class="name western">Daniel I Chasman</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>20</sup>Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chasman%20DI%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Daniel I Chasman</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>20</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Clarke%20CL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id26"><span class="name western">Christine L Clarke</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id26"> <h3><span class="name western">Christine L Clarke</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>22</sup>Australian Breast Cancer Tissue Bank, University of Sydney at the Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Clarke%20CL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Christine L Clarke</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>22</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Cox%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id27"><span class="name western">Angela Cox</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id27"> <h3><span class="name western">Angela Cox</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>25</sup>Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Cox%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Angela Cox</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>25</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Cross%20SS%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id28"><span class="name western">Simon S Cross</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id28"> <h3><span class="name western">Simon S Cross</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>26</sup>Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Cross%20SS%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Simon S Cross</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>26</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Deming%20SL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id29"><span class="name western">Sandra L Deming</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id29"> <h3><span class="name western">Sandra L Deming</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>16</sup>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Deming%20SL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Sandra L Deming</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>16</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diasio%20RB%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id30"><span class="name western">Robert B Diasio</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id30"> <h3><span class="name western">Robert B Diasio</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>27</sup>Department of Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diasio%20RB%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Robert B Diasio</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>27</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Dimopoulos%20AM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id31"><span class="name western">Athanasios M Dimopoulos</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id31"> <h3><span class="name western">Athanasios M Dimopoulos</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>28</sup>Department of Clinical Therapeutics, “Alexandra” Hospital, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Dimopoulos%20AM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Athanasios M Dimopoulos</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>28</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Driver%20WR%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id32"><span class="name western">W Ryan Driver</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id32"> <h3><span class="name western">W Ryan Driver</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>29</sup>Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Driver%20WR%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">W Ryan Driver</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>29</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22D%C3%BCnnebier%20T%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id33"><span class="name western">Thomas Dünnebier</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id33"> <h3><span class="name western">Thomas Dünnebier</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>30</sup>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22D%C3%BCnnebier%20T%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Thomas Dünnebier</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>30</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Durcan%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id34"><span class="name western">Lorraine Durcan</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id34"> <h3><span class="name western">Lorraine Durcan</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>31</sup>Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Durcan%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Lorraine Durcan</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>31</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Eccles%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id35"><span class="name western">Diana Eccles</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id35"> <h3><span class="name western">Diana Eccles</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>31</sup>Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Eccles%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Diana Eccles</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>31</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Edlund%20CK%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id36"><span class="name western">Christopher K Edlund</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id36"> <h3><span class="name western">Christopher K Edlund</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Edlund%20CK%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Christopher K Edlund</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ekici%20AB%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id37"><span class="name western">Arif B Ekici</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id37"> <h3><span class="name western">Arif B Ekici</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>32</sup>Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ekici%20AB%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Arif B Ekici</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>32</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Fasching%20PA%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id38"><span class="name western">Peter A Fasching</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id38"> <h3><span class="name western">Peter A Fasching</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>12</sup>Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany</div> <div class="p"> <sup>33</sup>Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Fasching%20PA%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Peter A Fasching</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>12,</sup><sup>33</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Feigelson%20HS%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id39"><span class="name western">Heather S Feigelson</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id39"> <h3><span class="name western">Heather S Feigelson</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>34</sup>Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Feigelson%20HS%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Heather S Feigelson</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>34</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Flesch-Janys%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id40"><span class="name western">Dieter Flesch-Janys</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id40"> <h3><span class="name western">Dieter Flesch-Janys</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>35</sup>Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Flesch-Janys%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Dieter Flesch-Janys</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>35</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Fostira%20F%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id41"><span class="name western">Florentia Fostira</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id41"> <h3><span class="name western">Florentia Fostira</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>36</sup>Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory Institute of Radioisotopes and Radiodiagnostic Products, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Fostira%20F%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Florentia Fostira</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>36</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22F%C3%B6rsti%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id42"><span class="name western">Asta Försti</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id42"> <h3><span class="name western">Asta Försti</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>37</sup>Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div class="p"> <sup>38</sup>Center for Primary Health Care Research, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22F%C3%B6rsti%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Asta Försti</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>37,</sup><sup>38</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Fountzilas%20G%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id43"><span class="name western">George Fountzilas</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id43"> <h3><span class="name western">George Fountzilas</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>39</sup>Department of Medical Oncology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Fountzilas%20G%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">George Fountzilas</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>39</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Gerty%20SM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id44"><span class="name western">Susan M Gerty</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id44"> <h3><span class="name western">Susan M Gerty</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>31</sup>Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Gerty%20SM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Susan M Gerty</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>31</sup>; <span class="collab">The Gene Environment Interaction and Breast Cancer in Germany (GENICA) Consortium</span><sup>40</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Giles%20GG%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id45"><span class="name western">Graham G Giles</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id45"> <h3><span class="name western">Graham G Giles</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>9</sup>Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria & Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Giles%20GG%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Graham G Giles</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>9</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Godwin%20AK%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id46"><span class="name western">Andrew K Godwin</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id46"> <h3><span class="name western">Andrew K Godwin</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>41</sup>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Lawrence, Kansas, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Godwin%20AK%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Andrew K Godwin</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>41</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Goodfellow%20P%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id47"><span class="name western">Paul Goodfellow</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id47"> <h3><span class="name western">Paul Goodfellow</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>42</sup>Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Goodfellow%20P%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Paul Goodfellow</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>42</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Graham%20N%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id48"><span class="name western">Nikki Graham</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id48"> <h3><span class="name western">Nikki Graham</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>31</sup>Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Graham%20N%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Nikki Graham</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>31</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Greco%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id49"><span class="name western">Dario Greco</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id49"> <h3><span class="name western">Dario Greco</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>43</sup>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Greco%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Dario Greco</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>43</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hamann%20U%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id50"><span class="name western">Ute Hamann</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id50"> <h3><span class="name western">Ute Hamann</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>30</sup>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hamann%20U%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Ute Hamann</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>30</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hankinson%20SE%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id51"><span class="name western">Susan E Hankinson</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id51"> <h3><span class="name western">Susan E Hankinson</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>44</sup>Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p"> <sup>45</sup>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hankinson%20SE%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Susan E Hankinson</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>44,</sup><sup>45</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hartmann%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id52"><span class="name western">Arndt Hartmann</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id52"> <h3><span class="name western">Arndt Hartmann</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>46</sup>Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hartmann%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Arndt Hartmann</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>46</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hein%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id53"><span class="name western">Rebecca Hein</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id53"> <h3><span class="name western">Rebecca Hein</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>23</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hein%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Rebecca Hein</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>23</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Heinz%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id54"><span class="name western">Judith Heinz</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id54"> <h3><span class="name western">Judith Heinz</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>35</sup>Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Heinz%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Judith Heinz</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>35</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Holbrook%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id55"><span class="name western">Andrea Holbrook</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id55"> <h3><span class="name western">Andrea Holbrook</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Holbrook%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Andrea Holbrook</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hoover%20RN%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id56"><span class="name western">Robert N Hoover</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id56"> <h3><span class="name western">Robert N Hoover</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>24</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hoover%20RN%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Robert N Hoover</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>24</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hu%20JJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id57"><span class="name western">Jennifer J Hu</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id57"> <h3><span class="name western">Jennifer J Hu</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>47</sup>Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hu%20JJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Jennifer J Hu</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>47</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hunter%20DJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id58"><span class="name western">David J Hunter</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id58"> <h3><span class="name western">David J Hunter</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>45</sup>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p"> <sup>48</sup>Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hunter%20DJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">David J Hunter</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>45,</sup><sup>48</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ingles%20SA%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id59"><span class="name western">Sue A Ingles</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id59"> <h3><span class="name western">Sue A Ingles</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ingles%20SA%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Sue A Ingles</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Irwanto%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id60"><span class="name western">Astrid Irwanto</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id60"> <h3><span class="name western">Astrid Irwanto</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>49</sup>Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Irwanto%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Astrid Irwanto</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>49</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ivanovich%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id61"><span class="name western">Jennifer Ivanovich</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id61"> <h3><span class="name western">Jennifer Ivanovich</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>42</sup>Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ivanovich%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Jennifer Ivanovich</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>42</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22John%20EM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id62"><span class="name western">Esther M John</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id62"> <h3><span class="name western">Esther M John</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>50</sup>Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California</div> <div class="p"> <sup>51</sup>Stanford University School of Medicine and Stanford Cancer Center, Stanford, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22John%20EM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Esther M John</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>50,</sup><sup>51</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Johnson%20N%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id63"><span class="name western">Nicola Johnson</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id63"> <h3><span class="name western">Nicola Johnson</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>52</sup>Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Johnson%20N%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Nicola Johnson</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>52</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Jukkola-Vuorinen%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id64"><span class="name western">Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id64"> <h3><span class="name western">Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>53</sup>Department of Oncology, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Jukkola-Vuorinen%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>53</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kaaks%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id65"><span class="name western">Rudolf Kaaks</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id65"> <h3><span class="name western">Rudolf Kaaks</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>54</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kaaks%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Rudolf Kaaks</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>54</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ko%20YD%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id66"><span class="name western">Yon-Dschun Ko</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id66"> <h3><span class="name western">Yon-Dschun Ko</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>55</sup>Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Johanniter- und Waldkrankenhaus Bonn gGmbH, Bonn, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ko%20YD%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Yon-Dschun Ko</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>55</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kolonel%20LN%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id67"><span class="name western">Laurence N Kolonel</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id67"> <h3><span class="name western">Laurence N Kolonel</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>56</sup>Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kolonel%20LN%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Laurence N Kolonel</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>56</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Konstantopoulou%20I%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id68"><span class="name western">Irene Konstantopoulou</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id68"> <h3><span class="name western">Irene Konstantopoulou</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>36</sup>Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory Institute of Radioisotopes and Radiodiagnostic Products, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Konstantopoulou%20I%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Irene Konstantopoulou</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>36</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kosma%20VM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id69"><span class="name western">Veli-Matti Kosma</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id69"> <h3><span class="name western">Veli-Matti Kosma</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>57</sup>Department of Pathology, Imaging Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kosma%20VM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Veli-Matti Kosma</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>57</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kulkarni%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id70"><span class="name western">Swati Kulkarni</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id70"> <h3><span class="name western">Swati Kulkarni</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>58</sup>Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kulkarni%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Swati Kulkarni</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>58</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Lambrechts%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id71"><span class="name western">Diether Lambrechts</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id71"> <h3><span class="name western">Diether Lambrechts</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>59</sup>Vesalius Research Center, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium</div> <div class="p"> <sup>60</sup>Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Lambrechts%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Diether Lambrechts</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>59,</sup><sup>60</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Lee%20AM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id72"><span class="name western">Adam M Lee</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id72"> <h3><span class="name western">Adam M Lee</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>27</sup>Department of Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Lee%20AM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Adam M Lee</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>27</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Le%20Marchand%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id73"><span class="name western">Loïc Le Marchand</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id73"> <h3><span class="name western">Loïc Le Marchand</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>56</sup>Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Le%20Marchand%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Loïc Le Marchand</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>56</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Lesnick%20T%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id74"><span class="name western">Timothy Lesnick</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id74"> <h3><span class="name western">Timothy Lesnick</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>2</sup>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Lesnick%20T%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Timothy Lesnick</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>2</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Liu%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id75"><span class="name western">Jianjun Liu</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id75"> <h3><span class="name western">Jianjun Liu</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>49</sup>Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Liu%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Jianjun Liu</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>49</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Lindstrom%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id76"><span class="name western">Sara Lindstrom</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id76"> <h3><span class="name western">Sara Lindstrom</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>45</sup>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p"> <sup>48</sup>Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Lindstrom%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Sara Lindstrom</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>45,</sup><sup>48</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Mannermaa%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id77"><span class="name western">Arto Mannermaa</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id77"> <h3><span class="name western">Arto Mannermaa</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>61</sup>Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland</div> <div class="p"> <sup>62</sup>Department of Pathology, Imaging Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Mannermaa%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Arto Mannermaa</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>61,</sup><sup>62</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Margolin%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id78"><span class="name western">Sara Margolin</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id78"> <h3><span class="name western">Sara Margolin</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>63</sup>Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Margolin%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Sara Margolin</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>63</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Martin%20NG%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id79"><span class="name western">Nicholas G Martin</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id79"> <h3><span class="name western">Nicholas G Martin</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>64</sup>Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Genome-Wide Association Study Collective, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Martin%20NG%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Nicholas G Martin</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>64</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Miron%20P%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id80"><span class="name western">Penelope Miron</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id80"> <h3><span class="name western">Penelope Miron</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>65</sup>Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Miron%20P%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Penelope Miron</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>65</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Montgomery%20GW%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id81"><span class="name western">Grant W Montgomery</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id81"> <h3><span class="name western">Grant W Montgomery</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>64</sup>Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Genome-Wide Association Study Collective, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Montgomery%20GW%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Grant W Montgomery</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>64</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Nevanlinna%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id82"><span class="name western">Heli Nevanlinna</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id82"> <h3><span class="name western">Heli Nevanlinna</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>43</sup>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Nevanlinna%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Heli Nevanlinna</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>43</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Nickels%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id83"><span class="name western">Stephan Nickels</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id83"> <h3><span class="name western">Stephan Nickels</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>23</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Nickels%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Stephan Nickels</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>23</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Nyante%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id84"><span class="name western">Sarah Nyante</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id84"> <h3><span class="name western">Sarah Nyante</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>5</sup>Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Nyante%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Sarah Nyante</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>5</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Olswold%20C%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id85"><span class="name western">Curtis Olswold</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id85"> <h3><span class="name western">Curtis Olswold</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>2</sup>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Olswold%20C%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Curtis Olswold</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>2</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Palmer%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id86"><span class="name western">Julie Palmer</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id86"> <h3><span class="name western">Julie Palmer</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>66</sup>Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Palmer%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Julie Palmer</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>66</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pathak%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id87"><span class="name western">Harsh Pathak</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id87"> <h3><span class="name western">Harsh Pathak</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>67</sup>Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pathak%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Harsh Pathak</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>67</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pectasides%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id88"><span class="name western">Dimitrios Pectasides</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id88"> <h3><span class="name western">Dimitrios Pectasides</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>68</sup>Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Section, “Hippokration” Hospital, Athens, Greece</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pectasides%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Dimitrios Pectasides</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>68</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Perou%20CM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id89"><span class="name western">Charles M Perou</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id89"> <h3><span class="name western">Charles M Perou</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>69</sup>Departments of Genetics and Pathology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Perou%20CM%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Charles M Perou</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>69</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Peto%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id90"><span class="name western">Julian Peto</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id90"> <h3><span class="name western">Julian Peto</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>70</sup>Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Peto%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Julian Peto</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>70</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pharoah%20PDP%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id91"><span class="name western">Paul D P Pharoah</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id91"> <h3><span class="name western">Paul D P Pharoah</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>4</sup>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Strangeways Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pharoah%20PDP%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Paul D P Pharoah</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>4</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pooler%20LC%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id92"><span class="name western">Loreall C Pooler</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id92"> <h3><span class="name western">Loreall C Pooler</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pooler%20LC%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Loreall C Pooler</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Press%20MF%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id93"><span class="name western">Michael F Press</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id93"> <h3><span class="name western">Michael F Press</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>71</sup>Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Press%20MF%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Michael F Press</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>71</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pylk%C3%A4s%20K%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id94"><span class="name western">Katri Pylkäs</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id94"> <h3><span class="name western">Katri Pylkäs</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>72</sup>Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pylk%C3%A4s%20K%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Katri Pylkäs</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>72</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Rebbeck%20TR%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id95"><span class="name western">Timothy R Rebbeck</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id95"> <h3><span class="name western">Timothy R Rebbeck</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>73</sup>University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Rebbeck%20TR%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Timothy R Rebbeck</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>73</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Rodriguez-Gil%20JL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id96"><span class="name western">Jorge L Rodriguez-Gil</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id96"> <h3><span class="name western">Jorge L Rodriguez-Gil</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>47</sup>Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Rodriguez-Gil%20JL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Jorge L Rodriguez-Gil</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>47</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Rosenberg%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id97"><span class="name western">Lynn Rosenberg</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id97"> <h3><span class="name western">Lynn Rosenberg</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>66</sup>Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Rosenberg%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Lynn Rosenberg</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>66</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ross%20E%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id98"><span class="name western">Eric Ross</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id98"> <h3><span class="name western">Eric Ross</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>74</sup>Department of Biostatistics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ross%20E%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Eric Ross</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>74</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22R%C3%BCdiger%20T%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id99"><span class="name western">Thomas Rüdiger</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id99"> <h3><span class="name western">Thomas Rüdiger</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>75</sup>Institute of Pathology, Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22R%C3%BCdiger%20T%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Thomas Rüdiger</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>75</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Silva%20IDS%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id100"><span class="name western">Isabel dos Santos Silva</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id100"> <h3><span class="name western">Isabel dos Santos Silva</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>70</sup>Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Silva%20IDS%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Isabel dos Santos Silva</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>70</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Sawyer%20E%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id101"><span class="name western">Elinor Sawyer</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id101"> <h3><span class="name western">Elinor Sawyer</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>76</sup>National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Sawyer%20E%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Elinor Sawyer</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>76</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Schmidt%20MK%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id102"><span class="name western">Marjanka K Schmidt</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id102"> <h3><span class="name western">Marjanka K Schmidt</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>77</sup>Division of Experimental Therapy and Molecular Pathology and Division of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute–Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Schmidt%20MK%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Marjanka K Schmidt</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>77</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Schulz-Wendtland%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id103"><span class="name western">Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id103"> <h3><span class="name western">Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>46</sup>Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Schulz-Wendtland%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>46</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Schumacher%20F%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id104"><span class="name western">Fredrick Schumacher</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id104"> <h3><span class="name western">Fredrick Schumacher</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Schumacher%20F%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Fredrick Schumacher</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Severi%20G%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id105"><span class="name western">Gianluca Severi</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id105"> <h3><span class="name western">Gianluca Severi</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>9</sup>Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria & Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Severi%20G%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Gianluca Severi</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>9</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Sheng%20X%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id106"><span class="name western">Xin Sheng</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id106"> <h3><span class="name western">Xin Sheng</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Sheng%20X%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Xin Sheng</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Signorello%20LB%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id107"><span class="name western">Lisa B Signorello</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id107"> <h3><span class="name western">Lisa B Signorello</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>16</sup>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</div> <div class="p"> <sup>17</sup>International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Signorello%20LB%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Lisa B Signorello</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>16,</sup><sup>17</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Sinn%20HP%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id108"><span class="name western">Hans-Peter Sinn</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id108"> <h3><span class="name western">Hans-Peter Sinn</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>78</sup>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Sinn%20HP%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Hans-Peter Sinn</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>78</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Stevens%20KN%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id109"><span class="name western">Kristen N Stevens</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id109"> <h3><span class="name western">Kristen N Stevens</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>2</sup>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Stevens%20KN%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Kristen N Stevens</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>2</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Southey%20MC%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id110"><span class="name western">Melissa C Southey</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id110"> <h3><span class="name western">Melissa C Southey</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>79</sup>Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Southey%20MC%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Melissa C Southey</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>79</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Tapper%20WJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id111"><span class="name western">William J Tapper</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id111"> <h3><span class="name western">William J Tapper</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>31</sup>Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Tapper%20WJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">William J Tapper</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>31</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Tomlinson%20I%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id112"><span class="name western">Ian Tomlinson</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id112"> <h3><span class="name western">Ian Tomlinson</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>80</sup>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Tomlinson%20I%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Ian Tomlinson</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>80</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hogervorst%20FBL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id113"><span class="name western">Frans B L Hogervorst</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id113"> <h3><span class="name western">Frans B L Hogervorst</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>81</sup>Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institut–Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hogervorst%20FBL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Frans B L Hogervorst</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>81</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wauters%20E%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id114"><span class="name western">Els Wauters</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id114"> <h3><span class="name western">Els Wauters</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>59</sup>Vesalius Research Center, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium</div> <div class="p"> <sup>60</sup>Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wauters%20E%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Els Wauters</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>59,</sup><sup>60</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Weaver%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id115"><span class="name western">JoEllen Weaver</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id115"> <h3><span class="name western">JoEllen Weaver</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>67</sup>Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Weaver%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">JoEllen Weaver</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>67</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wildiers%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id116"><span class="name western">Hans Wildiers</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id116"> <h3><span class="name western">Hans Wildiers</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>82</sup>Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wildiers%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Hans Wildiers</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>82</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Winqvist%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id117"><span class="name western">Robert Winqvist</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id117"> <h3><span class="name western">Robert Winqvist</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>72</sup>Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Winqvist%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Robert Winqvist</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>72</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Van%20Den%20Berg%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id118"><span class="name western">David Van Den Berg</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id118"> <h3><span class="name western">David Van Den Berg</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Van%20Den%20Berg%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">David Van Den Berg</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wan%20P%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id119"><span class="name western">Peggy Wan</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id119"> <h3><span class="name western">Peggy Wan</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wan%20P%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Peggy Wan</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Xia%20LY%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id120"><span class="name western">Lucy Y Xia</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id120"> <h3><span class="name western">Lucy Y Xia</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Xia%20LY%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Lucy Y Xia</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Yannoukakos%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id121"><span class="name western">Drakoulis Yannoukakos</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id121"> <h3><span class="name western">Drakoulis Yannoukakos</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>36</sup>Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory Institute of Radioisotopes and Radiodiagnostic Products, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Yannoukakos%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Drakoulis Yannoukakos</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>36</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Zheng%20W%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id122"><span class="name western">Wei Zheng</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id122"> <h3><span class="name western">Wei Zheng</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>16</sup>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Zheng%20W%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Wei Zheng</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>16</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ziegler%20RG%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id123"><span class="name western">Regina G Ziegler</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id123"> <h3><span class="name western">Regina G Ziegler</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>24</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ziegler%20RG%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Regina G Ziegler</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>24</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Siddiq%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id124"><span class="name western">Afshan Siddiq</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id124"> <h3><span class="name western">Afshan Siddiq</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>83</sup>Imperial College, London, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Siddiq%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Afshan Siddiq</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>83</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Slager%20SL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id125"><span class="name western">Susan L Slager</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id125"> <h3><span class="name western">Susan L Slager</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>2</sup>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Slager%20SL%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Susan L Slager</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>2</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Stram%20DO%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id126"><span class="name western">Daniel O Stram</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id126"> <h3><span class="name western">Daniel O Stram</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Stram%20DO%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Daniel O Stram</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Easton%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id127"><span class="name western">Douglas Easton</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id127"> <h3><span class="name western">Douglas Easton</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>4</sup>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Strangeways Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Easton%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Douglas Easton</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>4</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kraft%20P%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id128"><span class="name western">Peter Kraft</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id128"> <h3><span class="name western">Peter Kraft</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>45</sup>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p"> <sup>48</sup>Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p"> <sup>84</sup>Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Kraft%20P%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Peter Kraft</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>45,</sup><sup>48,</sup><sup>84</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Henderson%20BE%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id129"><span class="name western">Brian E Henderson</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id129"> <h3><span class="name western">Brian E Henderson</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Henderson%20BE%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Brian E Henderson</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>1</sup>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Couch%20FJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="id130"><span class="name western">Fergus J Couch</span></a><div hidden="hidden" id="id130"> <h3><span class="name western">Fergus J Couch</span></h3> <div class="p"> <sup>2</sup>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p"> <sup>6</sup>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div class="p">Find articles by <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Couch%20FJ%22%5BAuthor%5D" class="usa-link"><span class="name western">Fergus J Couch</span></a> </div> </div> <sup>2,</sup><sup>6</sup> </div> <ul class="d-buttons inline-list"> <li><button class="d-button" aria-controls="aip_a" aria-expanded="false">Author information</button></li> <li><button class="d-button" aria-controls="clp_a" aria-expanded="false">Copyright and License information</button></li> </ul> <div class="d-panels font-secondary-light"> <div id="aip_a" class="d-panel p" style="display: none"> <div class="p" id="A1"> <sup>1</sup>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div id="A2"> <sup>2</sup>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div id="A3"> <sup>3</sup>Genomic Epidemiology Group, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div id="A4"> <sup>4</sup>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Strangeways Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK</div> <div id="A5"> <sup>5</sup>Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA</div> <div id="A6"> <sup>6</sup>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div id="A7"> <sup>7</sup>Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA</div> <div id="A8"> <sup>8</sup>Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA</div> <div id="A9"> <sup>9</sup>Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria & Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</div> <div id="A10"> <sup>10</sup>Department of Translational Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health Network, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia</div> <div id="A11"> <sup>11</sup>The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA</div> <div id="A12"> <sup>12</sup>Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany</div> <div id="A13"> <sup>13</sup>Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</div> <div id="A14"> <sup>14</sup>Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, California, USA</div> <div id="A15"> <sup>15</sup>Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland</div> <div id="A16"> <sup>16</sup>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</div> <div id="A17"> <sup>17</sup>International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA</div> <div id="A18"> <sup>18</sup>Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany</div> <div id="A19"> <sup>19</sup>University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany</div> <div id="A20"> <sup>20</sup>Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div id="A21"> <sup>21</sup>Department of Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA</div> <div id="A22"> <sup>22</sup>Australian Breast Cancer Tissue Bank, University of Sydney at the Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia</div> <div id="A23"> <sup>23</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div id="A24"> <sup>24</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</div> <div id="A25"> <sup>25</sup>Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK</div> <div id="A26"> <sup>26</sup>Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK</div> <div id="A27"> <sup>27</sup>Department of Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA</div> <div id="A28"> <sup>28</sup>Department of Clinical Therapeutics, “Alexandra” Hospital, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece</div> <div id="A29"> <sup>29</sup>Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA</div> <div id="A30"> <sup>30</sup>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div id="A31"> <sup>31</sup>Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK</div> <div id="A32"> <sup>32</sup>Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany</div> <div id="A33"> <sup>33</sup>Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA</div> <div id="A34"> <sup>34</sup>Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA</div> <div id="A35"> <sup>35</sup>Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</div> <div id="A36"> <sup>36</sup>Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory Institute of Radioisotopes and Radiodiagnostic Products, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece</div> <div id="A37"> <sup>37</sup>Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div id="A38"> <sup>38</sup>Center for Primary Health Care Research, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden</div> <div id="A39"> <sup>39</sup>Department of Medical Oncology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece</div> <div id="A40"> <sup>41</sup>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Lawrence, Kansas, USA</div> <div id="A41"> <sup>42</sup>Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA</div> <div id="A42"> <sup>43</sup>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland</div> <div id="A43"> <sup>44</sup>Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div id="A44"> <sup>45</sup>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div id="A45"> <sup>46</sup>Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany</div> <div id="A46"> <sup>47</sup>Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</div> <div id="A47"> <sup>48</sup>Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div id="A48"> <sup>49</sup>Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore</div> <div id="A49"> <sup>50</sup>Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California</div> <div id="A50"> <sup>51</sup>Stanford University School of Medicine and Stanford Cancer Center, Stanford, California, USA</div> <div id="A51"> <sup>52</sup>Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK</div> <div id="A52"> <sup>53</sup>Department of Oncology, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</div> <div id="A53"> <sup>54</sup>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div id="A54"> <sup>55</sup>Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Johanniter- und Waldkrankenhaus Bonn gGmbH, Bonn, Germany</div> <div id="A55"> <sup>56</sup>Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA</div> <div id="A56"> <sup>57</sup>Department of Pathology, Imaging Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland</div> <div id="A57"> <sup>58</sup>Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA</div> <div id="A58"> <sup>59</sup>Vesalius Research Center, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium</div> <div id="A59"> <sup>60</sup>Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</div> <div id="A60"> <sup>61</sup>Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland</div> <div id="A61"> <sup>62</sup>Department of Pathology, Imaging Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland</div> <div id="A62"> <sup>63</sup>Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</div> <div id="A63"> <sup>64</sup>Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Genome-Wide Association Study Collective, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia</div> <div id="A64"> <sup>65</sup>Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div id="A65"> <sup>66</sup>Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div id="A66"> <sup>67</sup>Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</div> <div id="A67"> <sup>68</sup>Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Section, “Hippokration” Hospital, Athens, Greece</div> <div id="A68"> <sup>69</sup>Departments of Genetics and Pathology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA</div> <div id="A69"> <sup>70</sup>Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</div> <div id="A70"> <sup>71</sup>Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</div> <div id="A71"> <sup>72</sup>Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland</div> <div id="A72"> <sup>73</sup>University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</div> <div id="A73"> <sup>74</sup>Department of Biostatistics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</div> <div id="A74"> <sup>75</sup>Institute of Pathology, Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany</div> <div id="A75"> <sup>76</sup>National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK</div> <div id="A76"> <sup>77</sup>Division of Experimental Therapy and Molecular Pathology and Division of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute–Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</div> <div id="A77"> <sup>78</sup>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany</div> <div id="A78"> <sup>79</sup>Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</div> <div id="A79"> <sup>80</sup>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</div> <div id="A80"> <sup>81</sup>Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institut–Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</div> <div id="A81"> <sup>82</sup>Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium</div> <div id="A82"> <sup>83</sup>Imperial College, London, UK</div> <div id="A83"> <sup>84</sup>Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</div> <div class="author-notes p"> <div class="fn" id="FN1"> <sup>✉</sup><p class="display-inline">Correspondence should be addressed to C.A.H. (<span>haiman@usc.edu</span>) or F.J.C. (<span>couch.fergus@mayo.edu</span>)</p> </div> <div class="fn" id="FN2"> <sup>40</sup><p class="display-inline">A full list of members is provided in the <a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">supplementary Note</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="clp_a" class="d-panel p" style="display: none"> <div>© 2011 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.</div> <div class="p"><a href="/about/copyright/" class="usa-link">PMC Copyright notice</a></div> </div> </div> <div>PMCID: PMC3279120 NIHMSID: NIHMS353821 PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22037553/" class="usa-link">22037553</a> </div> <div class="ra xbox p" role="complementary" aria-label="Related or updated information about this article"><div>The publisher's version of this article is available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.985" class="usa-link usa-link--external" data-ga-action="click_feat_suppl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Nat Genet</a> </div></div> </div></section></section><section aria-label="Article content"><section class="body main-article-body"><section class="abstract" id="abstract1"><h2>Abstract</h2> <p id="P1">Estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer shows a higher incidence in women of African ancestry compared to women of European ancestry. In search of common risk alleles for ER-negative breast cancer, we combined genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from women of African ancestry (1,004 ER-negative cases and 2,745 controls) and European ancestry (1,718 ER-negative cases and 3,670 controls), with replication testing conducted in an additional 2,292 ER-negative cases and 16,901 controls of European ancestry. We identified a common risk variant for ER-negative breast cancer at the <em>TERT-CLPTM1L</em> locus on chromosome 5p15 (rs10069690: per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.18 per allele, <em>P</em> = 1.0 × 10<sup>−10</sup>). The variant was also significantly associated with triple-negative (ER-negative, progesterone receptor (PR)-negative and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2)-negative) breast cancer (OR = 1.25, <em>P</em> = 1.1 × 10<sup>−9</sup>), particularly in younger women (<50 years of age) (OR = 1.48, <em>P</em> = 1.9 × 10<sup>−9</sup>). Our results identify a genetic locus associated with estrogen receptor negative breast cancer subtypes in multiple populations.</p></section><hr class="headless"> <p id="P2">Compared to women of European ancestry, women of African descent are more likely to be diagnosed with ER-negative breast cancer<sup><a href="#R1" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R1">1</a></sup>. ER-negative tumors and triple-negative tumors are observed at even higher rates among African women currently residing in Africa<sup><a href="#R2" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R2">2</a></sup>, suggesting a genetic component to the high risk of ER-negative phenotypes in women of African descent. Similarly, ER-negative breast cancers and triple-negative breast cancers are also the predominant histological subtypes in women with germline mutations in <em>BRCA1</em> (ref. <a href="#R3" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R3"><sup>3</sup></a>). The enrichment for ER-negative disease in this genetically predisposed population also suggests the existence of additional genetic factors that contribute to the risk of ER-negative disease. Support for the presence of these factors was recently provided by a GWAS of breast cancer in <em>BRCA1</em> mutation carriers, in which a common risk variant for ER-negative breast cancer on chromosome 19p13 was identified that also was significantly associated with ER-negative and triple-negative disease in the general population<sup><a href="#R4" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R4">4</a></sup>.</p> <p id="P3">To search for genetic risk factors for ER-negative breast cancer phenotypes, we combined results from a GWAS of breast cancer in African-American women (African American Breast Cancer Consortium (AABC): 3,016 cases (1,004 with ER-negative disease) and 2,745 controls) with results from a GWAS of triple-negative breast cancer in women of European ancestry (Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Consortium (TNBCC): 1,718 cases and 3,670 controls). Genotyping in AABC was conducted with the Illumina Infinium 1M Duo. In TNBCC, cases were genotyped with the Illumina 660W array, a subset of cases from the Mammary Carcinoma Risk Factor Investigation (MARIE) component were genotyped using the Illumina CNV370 SNP array, and cases and controls from the Helsinki Breast Cancer Study (HEBCS) component were genotyped using the Illumina 550-Duo SNP array. Genotypes of TNBCC cases were compared with GWAS data for publicly available controls (<a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Online Methods</a>). Both studies imputed genotypes for common SNPs in phase 2 HapMap populations (release 21) (<a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Supplementary Table 1</a> and <a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Online Methods</a>). A total of 3,154,485 SNPs, genotyped and imputed, were analyzed in stage 1 of the meta-analysis.</p> <p id="P4">We observed little evidence of inflation in the test statistics in AABC (λ = 1.01) or TNBCC (λ = 1.04) or in the meta-analysis of the two GWAS (λ = 1.02; <a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Supplementary Fig. 1</a>). In the combined results, only SNP rs10069690 (NCBI36/hg18, chr5:1,332,790) located in intron 4 of the <em>TERT</em> gene (encoding telomerase reverse transcriptase) at chromosome 5p15 showed a genome-wide significant association with ER-negative breast cancer (AABC: OR per allele = 1.32, <em>P</em> = 1.3 × 10<sup>−6</sup>; TNBCC: OR = 1.25, <em>P</em> = 1.2 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; combined OR = 1.29, <em>P</em> = 1.0 × 10<sup>−8</sup>). Whereas SNP rs10069690 was genotyped in AABC, it was imputed in TNBCC (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.55). To verify the imputed genotypes and the significance of the association in TNBCC, we re-genotyped rs10069690 in available DNA samples from 2,963 TNBCC cases and 1,632 study-specific TNBCC controls (<a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Online Methods</a>). Although the overlapping samples between the TNBCC GWAS and the re-genotyping study showed that the quality of imputation for rs10069690 in the GWAS was poor (<a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Online Methods</a>), the association with ER-negative breast cancer for rs10069690 remained statistically significant in the larger re-genotyped TNBCC sample (OR = 1.18, <em>P</em> = 1.0 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; <a href="#T1" class="usa-link">Table 1</a> and <a href="#F1" class="usa-link">Fig. 1</a>) and in the new combined results for AABC and the re-genotyped TNBCC sample (OR = 1.24, <em>P</em> = 1.6 × 10<sup>−8</sup>).</p> <section class="tw xbox font-sm" id="T1"><h2 class="obj_head">Table 1.</h2> <div class="caption p"><p>Association of rs10069690 at 5p15 and ER-negative breast cancer risk</p></div> <div class="tbl-box p" tabindex="0"><table class="content" frame="hsides" rules="groups"> <thead><tr> <th valign="bottom" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Stage</th> <th valign="bottom" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consortium or study</th> <th valign="bottom" align="right" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cases/controls<a href="#TFN1" class="usa-link"><sup>a</sup></a> </th> <th valign="bottom" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RAF<a href="#TFN2" class="usa-link"><sup>b</sup></a> T allele</th> <th valign="bottom" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Heterozygotes OR (95% CI)<a href="#TFN3" class="usa-link"><sup>c</sup></a> </th> <th valign="bottom" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Homozygotes OR (95% CI)<a href="#TFN3" class="usa-link"><sup>c</sup></a> </th> <th valign="bottom" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Per-allele OR (95% CI)<a href="#TFN3" class="usa-link"><sup>c</sup></a> </th> <th valign="bottom" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <em>P</em> value (1-d.f.)<a href="#TFN4" class="usa-link"><sup>d</sup></a> </th> </tr></thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">AABC</td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1,002/2,743</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.57</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.32 (1.05–1.67)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.74 (1.37–2.21)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.32 (1.18–1.48)</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>−6</sup> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TNBCC</td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2,785/1,602</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.27</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10 (0.97–1.26)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.53 (1.21–1.95)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.18 (1.07–1.30)</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>−3</sup> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">BPC3</td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1,289/10,397</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.26</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08 (0.96–1.22)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.19 (0.95–1.49)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09 (0.99–1.19)</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.077</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SEARCH</td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">933/5,966</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.26</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.23 (1.06–1.43)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.44 (1.10–1.89)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.21 (1.09–1.36)</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.9 × 10<sup>−4</sup> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Combined</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6,009/20,708</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15 (1.06–1.23)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.46 (1.29–1.64)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.18 (1.13–1.25)</td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>−10</sup> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table></div> <div class="p text-right font-secondary"><a href="table/T1/" class="usa-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Open in a new tab</a></div> <div class="tw-foot p"> <div class="fn" id="TFN1"> <sup>a</sup><p class="display-inline">Number of cases and controls with genotype data for rs10069690. All subjects were directly genotyped.</p> </div> <div class="fn" id="TFN2"> <sup>b</sup><p class="display-inline">Risk allele frequency (RAF) in controls.</p> </div> <div class="fn" id="TFN3"> <sup>c</sup><p class="display-inline">Adjusted for age, study and principal components in AABC. Adjusted for age and country in TNBCC. Adjusted for age, study and country (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) only) in BPC3. Adjusted for age in SEARCH. Combined results are from the meta-analysis.</p> </div> <div class="fn" id="TFN4"> <sup>d</sup><p class="display-inline"><em>P</em> for trend (one degree of freedom (1-d.f.)).</p> </div> </div></section><figure class="fig xbox font-sm" id="F1"><h2 class="obj_head">Figure 1.</h2> <p class="img-box line-height-none margin-x-neg-2 tablet:margin-x-0 text-center"><a class="tileshop" target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Click%20on%20image%20to%20zoom&p=PMC3&id=3279120_nihms353821f1.jpg"><img class="graphic zoom-in" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f60b/3279120/5ee06b562980/nihms353821f1.jpg" loading="lazy" height="642" width="714" alt="Figure 1"></a></p> <div class="p text-right font-secondary"><a href="figure/F1/" class="usa-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Open in a new tab</a></div> <figcaption><p>A regional plot of the –log<sub>10</sub> <em>P</em> values for SNPs at the chromosome 5p15 risk locus from the meta-analysis of the AABC and TNBCC stage 1 studies. SNP rs10069690 is designated with the purple diamonds. The colors depict the strength of the correlation (<em>r</em><sup>2</sup>) between SNP rs10069690 and the SNPs tested in the region. The correlation is estimated using 1000 Genomes Project (1KGP) data for the HapMap CEU population (June 2010). Squares are SNPs that were genotyped in AABC and TNBCC. Circles are SNPs that were genotyped in one study and imputed in the other or imputed in both studies. The blue line indicates the recombination rates in centimorgans (cM) per megabase (Mb). Also shown are the SNP Build 36 coordinates and genes in the region.</p></figcaption></figure><p id="P5">To further confirm the association at 5p15, we genotyped SNP rs10069690 in women of European ancestry, which included 8,365 cases (1,359 ER negative) and 10,935 controls from the US National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3) and 6,182 cases (933 ER negative) and 5,966 controls from Studies of Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Cancer Heredity (SEARCH). Evidence for replication was observed for rs10069690 and ER-negative breast cancer in both studies (BPC3: OR = 1.09, <em>P</em> = 0.077; SEARCH: OR = 1.21, <em>P</em> = 6.9 × 10<sup>−4</sup>; <a href="#T1" class="usa-link">Table 1</a>).</p> <p id="P6">In combining the results across all studies (6,009 ER-negative cases and 20,708 controls with genotype data), rs10069690 was significantly associated with an increased risk of ER-negative breast cancer (OR = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–1.25; <em>P</em> = 1.0 × 10<sup>−10</sup>; <a href="#T1" class="usa-link">Table 1</a>). The risk for heterozygote and homozygote carriers was 1.15 (95% CI, 1.06–1.23) and 1.46 (95% CI, 1.29–1.64), respectively. We observed little evidence of heterogeneity for the reported association for this variant by study or country in AABC (test for heterogeneity, <em>p</em><sub>het</sub> = 0.86), TNBCC (<em>p</em><sub>het</sub> = 0.85) or BPC3 (<em>p</em><sub>het</sub> = 0.37; <a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Supplementary Table 2</a>).</p> <p id="P7">In an analysis of ER-positive cases, rs10069690 was only weakly associated with risk in African Americans (AABC: 1,558 ER-positive cases and 2,743 controls with genotype data, OR = 1.08, <em>P</em> = 0.10) and in women of European ancestry (BPC3: 4,890 ER-positive cases and 10,397 controls, OR = 1.03, <em>P</em> = 0.31; SEARCH: 3,534 ER positive cases and 5,966 controls, OR = 1.03, <em>P</em> = 0.37; combined for all populations: OR = 1.04, <em>P</em> = 0.06, <em>p</em><sub>het</sub> = 0.64). The statistical power to detect an OR of 1.18 (observed for ER-negative disease) for ER-positive disease was >99% in the combined sample (9,982 cases and 19,106 controls), assuming the risk allele frequency of 0.26 in people of European decent. This result suggests that the association with breast cancer might be specific for ER-negative subtypes (<em>P</em> value for case-only test of ER negative versus ER positive = 1.7 × 10<sup>−4</sup>).</p> <p id="P8">We further stratified the cases by HER2 status to assess whether this region may be a risk locus for triple-negative disease. In AABC, BPC3 and SEARCH the association with rs10069690 was greater for triple-negative tumors than for ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-positive tumors (<a href="#T2" class="usa-link">Table 2</a>), and, in combining all studies, including TNBCC, the association with rs10069690 was significantly greater for triple-negative disease (3,707 triple-negative cases and 19,728 controls with genotype data, OR = 1.25, <em>P</em> = 1.1 × 10<sup>−9</sup>; 376 ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-positive cases and 18,126 controls, OR = 1.03, <em>P</em> = 0.71; <em>P</em> value for case-only test = 0.010). The association with rs10069690 was also observed to be significantly greater for ER-negative and triple-negative disease at younger ages (<50 years: ER negative, OR = 1.32, <em>P</em> = 1.4 × 10<sup>−8</sup>; triple negative, OR = 1.48, <em>P</em> = 1.9 × 10<sup>−9</sup>; <em>P</em> for interaction with age = 0.035 and 3.2 × 10<sup>−3</sup>, respectively; <a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Supplementary Table 3</a>). We found no significant association with rs1006960 among ER- and PR-positive cases when stratified by HER2 status (513 triple-positive cases and 18,126 controls, OR = 1.09, <em>P</em> = 0.21; 2,808 ER-positive, PR-positive, HER2-negative cases and 18,126 controls, OR = 1.04, <em>P</em> = 0.29), which suggests the association may be limited to triple-negative disease and not all HER2-negative tumors.</p> <section class="tw xbox font-sm" id="T2"><h2 class="obj_head">Table 2.</h2> <div class="caption p"><p>Association of rs10069690 at 5p15 stratified by Her2 status</p></div> <div class="tbl-box p" tabindex="0"><table class="content" frame="hsides" rules="groups"> <thead><tr> <th valign="bottom" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consortium or study</th> <th valign="bottom" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Subtype</th> <th valign="bottom" align="right" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cases/controls<a href="#TFN5" class="usa-link"><sup>a</sup></a> </th> <th valign="bottom" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Heterozygotes OR (95% CI)<a href="#TFN6" class="usa-link"><sup>b</sup></a> </th> <th valign="bottom" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Homozygotes OR (95% CI)<a href="#TFN6" class="usa-link"><sup>b</sup></a> </th> <th valign="bottom" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Per-allele OR (95% CI)<a href="#TFN6" class="usa-link"><sup>b</sup></a> </th> <th valign="bottom" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <em>P</em> value (1-d.f.)<a href="#TFN7" class="usa-link"><sup>c</sup></a> </th> <th valign="bottom" align="right" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Case-only <em>P</em> </th> </tr></thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">AABC<a href="#TFN8" class="usa-link"><sup>d</sup></a> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>−</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">440/2,407</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.35 (0.97–1.89)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.78 (1.27–2.49)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.33 (1.14–1.55)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.0 × 10<sup>−4</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>+</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">115/2,407</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.83 (0.99–3.40)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.59 (0.82–3.05)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15 (0.86–1.52)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.34</td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TNBCC</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>−</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2,785/1,602</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10 (0.97–1.26)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.53 (1.21–1.95)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.18 (1.07–1.30)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>−3</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">BPC3<a href="#TFN9" class="usa-link"><sup>e</sup></a> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>−</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">300/9,753</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.19 (0.93–1.52)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.64 (1.10–2.46)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.25 (1.04–1.49)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.13</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>+</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">198/9,753</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.99 (0.73–1.33)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.95 (0.53–1.70)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.98 (0.78–1.23)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.87</td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SEARCH</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>−</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">182/5,966</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.42 (1.03–1.95)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.41 (1.47–3.95)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.51 (1.20–1.89)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.2 × 10<sup>−4</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.058</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>+</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">63/5,966</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.31 (0.79–2.16)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.27 (0.04–1.95)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.97 (0.64–1.46)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.88</td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Combined</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>−</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3,707/19,728<a href="#TFN10" class="usa-link"><sup>f</sup></a> </td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.17 (1.06–1.30)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.69 (1.43–1.99)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.25 (1.16–1.34)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1 × 10<sup>−9</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>+</sup> </td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">376/18,126</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15 (0.91–1.46)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11 (0.73–1.70)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.03 (0.88–1.21)</td> <td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.71</td> <td align="right" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></div> <div class="p text-right font-secondary"><a href="table/T2/" class="usa-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Open in a new tab</a></div> <div class="tw-foot p"> <div class="fn" id="TFN5"> <sup>a</sup><p class="display-inline">Number of cases and controls with genotype data for rs10069690. All subjects were directly genotyped.</p> </div> <div class="fn" id="TFN6"> <sup>b</sup><p class="display-inline">Adjusted for age, study and principal components in AABC. Adjusted for age and country in TNBCC. Adjusted for age, study and country (EPIC only) in BPC3. Adjusted for age in SEARCH. Combined results are from the meta-analysis.</p> </div> <div class="fn" id="TFN7"> <sup>c</sup><p class="display-inline">P for trend (1-d.f.).</p> </div> <div class="fn" id="TFN8"> <sup>d</sup><p class="display-inline">Excludes San Francisco Bay Area Breast Cancer Study (SFBCS) and Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO), as HER2 data were not available.</p> </div> <div class="fn" id="TFN9"> <sup>e</sup><p class="display-inline">Excludes WHS, as HER2 data were not available.</p> </div> <div class="fn" id="TFN10"> <sup>f</sup><p class="display-inline">Includes TNBCC. Without TNBCC: 922 ER<sup>−</sup>PR<sup>−</sup>HER2<sup>−</sup> cases and 18,126 controls; OR per allele = 1.33 (1.20–1.48), <em>P</em> = 6.3 × 10<sup>−8</sup>; heterozygotes: OR = 1.29 (1.09–1.53); homozygotes: OR = 1.85 (1.47–2.33).</p> </div> </div></section><p id="P9">Similar to 8q24 (refs. <a href="#R5" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R5"><sup>5</sup></a><sup>–</sup><a href="#R7" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R7"><sup>7</sup></a>) and 11q13 (refs. <a href="#R8" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R8"><sup>8</sup></a><sup>–</sup><a href="#R10" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R10"><sup>10</sup></a>), the <em>TERT-CLPTM1L</em> locus harbors multiple risk variants for different cancers (reviewed in ref. <a href="#R11" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R11">11</a>). SNP rs10069690 is modestly correlated (<em>r</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.13–0.43 in 1000 Genomes Project populations of European and African ancestry, <a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Supplementary Fig. 2</a>) with variants found for serous ovarian cancer (rs7726159), glioma (rs2736100) and lung cancer (rs2736100, rs2735940)<sup><a href="#R12" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R12">12</a>–<a href="#R14" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R14">14</a></sup>. Aside from risk variant rs2853676 found for glioma<sup><a href="#R14" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R14">14</a></sup>, which we found to be associated with risk in TNBCC (<em>P</em> = 0.014, <em>r</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.05 with rs10069690), none of the known risk variants identified for other cancers in the <em>TERT-CLPTM1L</em> region was significantly associated with breast cancer risk in TNBCC or AABC. Although rs7726159 was not tested in AABC or TNBCC (as it is not on the Illumina arrays or in HapMap), it is noteworthy that the first common risk variant identified for ER-negative breast cancer, at chromosome 19p13, is also associated with risk for serous ovarian cancer<sup><a href="#R15" class="usa-link" aria-describedby="R15">15</a></sup>. The <em>TERT</em> gene encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase, which controls telomere length, a process linked with genomic instability and implicated in tumorigenesis. Sequencing of the coding exons of <em>TERT</em> in 96 African-American women (<a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Online Methods</a>) did not reveal a coding variant strongly correlated with rs10069690. The <em>TERT</em> locus may highlight another biological process common to the pathogenesis of ER-negative breast cancer subtypes and serous ovarian cancer that is also shared with other cancers.</p> <p id="P10">Identification of the variant directly responsible for the association will be required to fully address the extent to which this locus contributes to the greater incidence of ER-negative and triple-negative tumors in women of African ancestry. However, it is notable that the risk allele frequency of rs10069690 is greater in African American women (frequency, 0.57) than in women of European ancestry (frequency, 0.26). If this variant is an equally good surrogate for the biologically functional allele in each population, then this locus may be responsible for a 15% (95% CI, 10–20%) higher incidence rate of ER-negative or triple-negative breast cancer in women of African compared to European ancestry (<a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Online Methods</a>). Larger studies with well-characterized tumor pathology information will be needed to determine whether the association we observed applies to all ER-negative disease or just the triple-negative subtype. Our findings provide further support for the presence of genetic susceptibility to ER-negative breast cancer subtypes and demonstrate the importance of discovery efforts in multiple populations.</p> <section id="S1"><h2 class="pmc_sec_title">METHODS</h2> <p id="P11">Methods and any associated references are available in the online version of the paper at <a href="http://www.nature.com/naturegenetics/" class="usa-link usa-link--external" data-ga-action="click_feat_suppl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://www.nature.com/naturegenetics/</a>.</p></section><section id="S2"><h2 class="pmc_sec_title">Supplementary Material</h2> <section class="sm xbox font-sm" id="SD1"><div class="caption p"><span>Supplementary Data</span></div> <div class="media p" id="N0x17c2e360N0x18983500"><div class="caption"> <a href="/articles/instance/3279120/bin/NIHMS353821-supplement-Supplementary_Data.pdf" data-ga-action="click_feat_suppl" class="usa-link">NIHMS353821-supplement-Supplementary_Data.pdf</a><sup> (556.4KB, pdf) </sup> </div></div></section></section><section id="S3" class="ack"><h2 class="pmc_sec_title">Acknowledgments</h2> <p>This work was supported by a US Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program Era of Hope Scholar Award to C.A.H. (W81XWH-08-1-0383), the Norris Foundation, the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Komen Foundation for the Cure, the Breast Cancer Research Foundation and US National Institutes of Health grants CA128978, CA122340 and CA148065. Study specific acknowledgments are listed in the <a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Supplementary Note</a>.</p></section><section id="fn-group1" class="fn-group"><h2 class="pmc_sec_title">Footnotes</h2> <div class="fn-group p font-secondary-light font-sm"> <div class="fn p" id="FN3"> <p><strong>AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS</strong></p> <p>Conceived of and designed the experiments: C.A.H. and F.J.C. Performed the experiments and analyzed the data: C.A.H., L.C.P., D.V.D.B., X.S., G.K.C., A. Holbrook, P.W., F.C., D.O.S., X.W., T.L., C.O., K.N.S., A.M.L., L.Y.X., S.L.S. and C.M.V. Contributed reagents, materials, analysis tools or comments on the manuscript: C.A.H., C.M.V., A.D., R.C.M., X.W., F.A., S.A., C.B.A., L. Baglietto, R.B., E.V.B., M.W.B., C.D.B., L. Bernstein, C.B., W.J.B., H.B., J.E.B., L.A.C., J.E.C., J.C.-C., S.J.C., D.I.C., C.L.C., A.C., S.S.C., S.L.D., R.B.D., A.M.D., W.R.D., T.D., L.D., D.E., C.K.E., A.B.E., P.A.F., H.S.F., D.F.-J., F.F., A.F., G.F., S.M.G., G.G.G., A.K.G., P.G., N.G., D.G., U.H., S.E.H., A. Hartmann, R.H., J.H., R.N.H., J.J.H., D.J.H., S.A.I., A.I., J.I., E.M.J., N.J., A.J.-V., R.K., Y.-D.K., L.N.K., I.K., V.-M.K., S.K., D.L., A.M.L., L.L.M., T.L., J.L., S.L., A.M., S.M., N.G.M., P.M., G.W.M., H.N., S. Nickels, S. Nyante, C.O., J. Palmer, H.P., D.P., C.M.P., J. Peto, P.D.P.P., L.C.P., M.F.P., K.P., T.R.R., J.L.R.-G., L.R., E.R., T.R., I.d.S.S., E.S., M.K.S., R.S.-W., F.S., G.S., X.S., L.B.S., H.-P.S., K.N.S., M.C.S., W.J.T., I.T., F.B.L.H., E.W., J.W., H.W., R.W., D.Y., W.Z., R.G.Z., A.S., S.L.S., D.O.S., D.E., P.K., B.E.H. and F.J.C. Wrote the paper: C.A.H. and F.J.C.</p> </div> <div class="fn p" id="FN4"> <p><strong>COMPETING FINANCIAL INTERESTS</strong></p> <p>The authors declare no competing financial interests.</p> </div> <div class="fn p" id="FN5"><p>Reprints and permissions information is available online at <a href="http://www.nature.com/reprints/index.html" class="usa-link usa-link--external" data-ga-action="click_feat_suppl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://www.nature.com/reprints/index.html</a>.</p></div> <div class="fn p" id="FN6"><p>Note: <a href="#SD1" class="usa-link">Supplementary information</a> is available on the Nature Genetics website.</p></div> </div></section><section id="ref-list1" class="ref-list"><h2 class="pmc_sec_title">References</h2> <section id="ref-list1_sec2"><ul class="ref-list font-sm" style="list-style-type:none"> <li id="R1"> <span class="label">1.</span><cite>Carey LA, et al. Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. 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A common variant at the TERT-CLPTM1L locus is associated with estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer - PMC