CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-CA"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,10"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>VTI | </title> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/tether/1.4.0/js/tether.min.js" integrity="sha384-DztdAPBWPRXSA/3eYEEUWrWCy7G5KFbe8fFjk5JAIxUYHKkDx6Qin1DkWx51bBrb" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/favicon.ico" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/favicon.png" /> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s.w.org' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="East Cree » VTI Comments Feed" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vti/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.1.0\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/13.1.0\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.eastcree.org\/cree\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=5.9.3"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(e,a,t){var n,r,o,i=a.createElement("canvas"),p=i.getContext&&i.getContext("2d");function s(e,t){var a=String.fromCharCode;p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,e),0,0);e=i.toDataURL();return p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,t),0,0),e===i.toDataURL()}function c(e){var t=a.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=t.type="text/javascript",a.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(t)}for(o=Array("flag","emoji"),t.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},r=0;r<o.length;r++)t.supports[o[r]]=function(e){if(!p||!p.fillText)return!1;switch(p.textBaseline="top",p.font="600 32px Arial",e){case"flag":return s([127987,65039,8205,9895,65039],[127987,65039,8203,9895,65039])?!1:!s([55356,56826,55356,56819],[55356,56826,8203,55356,56819])&&!s([55356,57332,56128,56423,56128,56418,56128,56421,56128,56430,56128,56423,56128,56447],[55356,57332,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56418,8203,56128,56421,8203,56128,56430,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56447]);case"emoji":return!s([10084,65039,8205,55357,56613],[10084,65039,8203,55357,56613])}return!1}(o[r]),t.supports.everything=t.supports.everything&&t.supports[o[r]],"flag"!==o[r]&&(t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&t.supports[o[r]]);t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!t.supports.flag,t.DOMReady=!1,t.readyCallback=function(){t.DOMReady=!0},t.supports.everything||(n=function(){t.readyCallback()},a.addEventListener?(a.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",n,!1),e.addEventListener("load",n,!1)):(e.attachEvent("onload",n),a.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===a.readyState&&t.readyCallback()})),(n=t.source||{}).concatemoji?c(n.concatemoji):n.wpemoji&&n.twemoji&&(c(n.twemoji),c(n.wpemoji)))}(window,document,window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style type="text/css"> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=5.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--duotone--dark-grayscale: url('#wp-duotone-dark-grayscale');--wp--preset--duotone--grayscale: url('#wp-duotone-grayscale');--wp--preset--duotone--purple-yellow: url('#wp-duotone-purple-yellow');--wp--preset--duotone--blue-red: url('#wp-duotone-blue-red');--wp--preset--duotone--midnight: url('#wp-duotone-midnight');--wp--preset--duotone--magenta-yellow: url('#wp-duotone-magenta-yellow');--wp--preset--duotone--purple-green: url('#wp-duotone-purple-green');--wp--preset--duotone--blue-orange: url('#wp-duotone-blue-orange');--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-style-bootstrap-reboot-css' href='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/css/bootstrap-reboot.min.css?ver=5.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-style-bootstrap-css' href='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/css/bootstrap.min.css?ver=5.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-style-bootstrap-grid-css' href='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/css/bootstrap-grid.min.css?ver=5.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-theme-css' href='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/css/eastcree_twentytwenty_theme.css?version=20210104&ver=5.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-style-css' href='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/style.css?ver=5.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-glyphicon-css' href='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/css/glyphicon.css?ver=5.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-fontawesome-css' href='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/css/all.css?ver=5.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.6.0' id='jquery-core-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.3.2' id='jquery-migrate-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js?ver=3.1.1' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-script-jquery-js'></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/748" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel="wlwmanifest" type="application/wlwmanifest+xml" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-includes/wlwmanifest.xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 5.9.3" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vti/" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/?p=748' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eastcree.org%2Fcree%2Fen%2Fgrammar%2Fsouthern-dialect%2Fverbs%2Fcree-verb-classes%2Fvti%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eastcree.org%2Fcree%2Fen%2Fgrammar%2Fsouthern-dialect%2Fverbs%2Fcree-verb-classes%2Fvti%2F&format=xml" /> <meta name="keywords" content="cree, language, vti"/> <style type="text/css"> .user-buttons { position: absolute; top:25px; right:25px; min-height: 45px; display:block; margin-bottom: 1rem; width: 100%; text-align: right; } #header { /* The image used */ background-image: url("https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner3.jpg"); /* Set a specific height */ height: 15vh padding: 0; /* Create the parallax scrolling effect */ background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; } #header .breadcrumb a { color: white } #header .breadcrumb { background: transparent; color: white; } @media (min-width: 768px) { #header { height: 15vh; } } @media (min-width: 992px) { #header { height: 20vh; } } #spelling-side { display: none } #cite table { border: 0 !important; padding: 1em; border-radius: .3rem; } #cite table tr > td { background: white; display: block; } #cite table tr:first-of-type > td span[style*="ff0000"] { color: #fff !important; } #cite table tr:first-of-type > td span[style*="ff0000"]:before { content: "https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vti/";color: #333 !important; } #cite table tr:nth-of-type(3) > td span[style*="ff0000"]{ color: #fff !important;} #cite table tr:nth-of-type(3) > td span[style*="ff0000"]:before { content: "24 Nov. 2024";color: #333 !important; } .head {page-break-after: avoid; padding-bottom: 1em} h1 + *,h2 + *,h3 + *,h4 + *,h5 + *,h6 + *,h7+ *,.head + * { page-break-before: avoid; } @page { size:auto; margin: 25mm 25mm 25mm 25mm; border:1px solid #ccc} body {padding-top:170px;/**/} .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .nav-link {color:white;} .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .current-nav-item .nav-link, .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .current-page-ancestor >.nav-link { color:#fd7/*rgba(255,255,255,0.55)*/;} .admin-bar .fixed-top { top:31px;} #wpadminbar { z-index: 1000} h1,h2,h3,h4 { font-weight:300; } .sidebar .list-item > a { /*white-space: nowrap;*/ overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; max-width: calc(100% - 50px); } </style> <style type="text/css" media="print"> #cite {display:block !important; position: relative !important; break-inside: avoid; margin-top:2em; margin-bottom: 2em; background: none !important; box-shadow: none !important;} #cite > div { position: relative !important;background: none !important; ;} p, page-id-10214 div, table {page-break-inside: avoid;} h1 + *,h2 + *,h3 + *,h4 + *,h5 + *,h6 + *,h7+ *,.head + * { page-break-before: avoid;} @page { size:auto; margin 25mm 25mm 25mm 25mm; border:1px solid #ccc} </style> </head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-748 page-child parent-pageid-744" > <nav id="main-navbar" class="navbar navbar-expand-md bg-primary navbar-inverse fixed-top d-print-none mb-5" role="navigation" style="/*background-color: rgba(63,0,0,0.8) !important;*/"> <button class="navbar-toggler text-white" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar-collapse-1" aria-controls="navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> </button> <a class="navbar-brand " style="color:#ddd" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/" rel="home"> </a> <div class=" collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbar-collapse-1"> <div class="col-9 "><ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto"><li id="nav-item-12190" class="nav-item nav-item-type-post_type nav-item-object-page nav-item-12190"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/about/">About</a></li> <li id="nav-item-12191" class="nav-item nav-item-type-post_type nav-item-object-page nav-item-12191"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/stories/">Stories</a></li> <li id="nav-item-12192" class="nav-item nav-item-type-post_type nav-item-object-page current-page-ancestor active nav-item-12192"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/">Grammar</a></li> <li id="nav-item-13533" class="nav-item nav-item-type-post_type nav-item-object-page nav-item-13533"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/">Spelling</a></li> <li id="nav-item-12193" class="nav-item nav-item-type-post_type nav-item-object-page nav-item-12193"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/lessons/">Lessons</a></li> <li id="nav-item-12194" class="nav-item nav-item-type-post_type nav-item-object-page nav-item-12194"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/terminology/">Terminology</a></li> <li id="nav-item-12195" class="nav-item nav-item-type-post_type nav-item-object-page nav-item-12195"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/dictionary/">Dictionary</a></li> <li id="nav-item-12196" class="nav-item nav-item-type-post_type nav-item-object-page nav-item-12196"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/resources/">Resources</a></li> <li id="nav-item-13085" class="nav-item nav-item-type-post_type nav-item-object-page nav-item-13085"><a class="nav-link" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/catalogue/">Catalogue</a></li> </ul></div> <form class="form-inline col" action="https://www.eastcree.org/cree"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" name="s" value="" placeholder="search" onchange="this.form.submit()"> </form> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-inverse navbar-right "> <li> </li> <li style="min-width: 75px;" class="dropdown "> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle text-white" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">English</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class=" active"><a class="text-white" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/" >English</a></li> <li class=""><a class="text-white" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/fr/" >Français</a></li> <li class=""><a class="text-white cree" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/nc/" >ᐊᑎᒫᐲᓯᒻ</a></li> <li class=""><a class="text-white cree" href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/sc/" >ᔖᐧᐊᓅᑖᐦᒡ</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="btn-sm" href="#"></a></li> </ul> <script type="text/javascript"> //adjust menu function adjustMenu(){ $("ul.nav > li.page_item_has_children > a").addClass("dropdown-toggle").attr("data-toggle","dropdown").attr("role","button").attr( "aria-expanded","false").append(''); $("li.page_item_has_children").removeClass("page_item_has_children").addClass("dropdown"); $("li.current-menu-item, li.current_page_parent, li.current_page ").addClass("active"); } </script> </div> </nav> <header id="header" class="d-print-none "> <div class=" row" style="/*background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3);*/ margin-top:-115px;"> <div class="col"> <div class="scene"> <div class="cube" > <div class="cube-face front" style=" "> East Cree language resources </div> <div class="cube-face back bg-snow" > ᒥᔪᒪᑯᔐᒌᔑᑲᓂᐦᑖᐦ miyumakushechiishikanihtaah </div> <div class="cube-face left bg-snow" > ᒑ ᐧᐄᐦ ᒥᔪᐱᔨᔨᓐ ᒑ ᐅᔅᒋᐱᐳᐦᒡ chaa wiih miyupiyiyin chaa uschipipuhch </div> <div class="cube-face right bg-snow"> Happy new year! Bonne année! </div> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="d-none col-md-6 d-md-block col-lg-7 text-right" style=" max-height:100px;background: transparent url(https://www.atlas-ling.ca/img/atlas-logo.png) no-repeat top right ; background-size: contain; "> </div> </div> <div class="d-none container-fluid mt-5 d-md-block" style="position: absolute; margin:0; padding:.35rem; bottom:0; left:0; right:0; background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3);"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-1"> </div> <div class="col-10 d-md-block"> <ol class="breadcrumb" style="margin:0; padding:0;"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/">Home</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/" class="">English</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/" class="">Grammar</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/" class="">Southern Dialect Grammar</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/" class="">Verbs</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/" class="">Cree Verb Classes</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vti/" class="">VTI</a></li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main id="main" class="main container-fluid"> <section class="row" id="container"> <div id="sidenav" class="d-none d-md-block col-8 col-md-4 col-lg-3 "> <div class=" sidebar " id="sidebarnav"> <div class="card d-block"> <div class="card-header" style="font-size: 2em"> <img style="max-height: 80px" class=" rounded-circle" src="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/grammar.jpg"> Grammar </div> <ul class="list-group list-group-flush"><li class="page_item list-item page-item-13855"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/east-cree-dialects/">East Cree dialects</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-86 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/">Northern Dialect Grammar</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-93 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/">Nouns</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-101"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-number/">Number Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-105"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-gender/">Gender Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-3761 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-obviative/">Obviative Inflection</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4412"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-obviative/story-analysis/">Story Analysis</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-119"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-locative/">Locative Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-124"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-person/">Inflections: Person</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4797"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-person-extended/">Inflections: Person-extended</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4778"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-person-dependent/">Inflections: Person-Dependent</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-130"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-diminutive/">Diminutive Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-210"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/simulative/">Simulative Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-127"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/inflections-vocative/">Vocative Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-206"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/noun-paradigms/">Noun Paradigms</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-212 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/noun-stems/">Noun Stems</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4200"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/noun-stems/noun-stems-vowel-u/">vowel + u</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-220"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/noun-stems/noun-stems-vowel-i/">vowel + i</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-218"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/noun-stems/noun-stems-consonant-w/">consonant + w</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-222"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/nouns/noun-stems/noun-stems-s/">-s</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-95 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/">Verbs</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-14039"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-northern-verb-conjugation-applet-legend/">Cree Northern Verb Conjugation Applet Legend</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-228 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verbs/">Cree Verbs</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-231"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verbs/transitivity/">Transitivity</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-233"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verbs/gender/">Gender</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-235 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/">Cree Verb Classes</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-240"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vii/">VII</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-242"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vti/">VTI</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-244 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vta/">VTA</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-250"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vta/vta-person-prefix/">VTA Person Prefix</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-252"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vta/vta-theme-suffix/">VTA Theme Suffix</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-238"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vta/vta-additional/">Additional VTA Verb Classes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-246 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vai/">VAI</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-254"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vai/vai-explicit/">VAI with Explicit Goals</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-256"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vai/vai-implicit/">VAI with Implicit Goals</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-10817"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vai-o/">VAI + O</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-248"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/participles/">Participles (nominalizations)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-258 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/">Cree Verb Inflection</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-262"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/initial-change/">Initial Change</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-267 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/">Orders</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-271 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/">Independent Orders</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-277"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-01/">01: Independent Indicative Neutral</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-275"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-02/">02: Independent Indicative Neutral – Subjective</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-279"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-03/">03: Independent Indicative Preterit</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-281"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-05/">05: Independent Indirect</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-283"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-06/">06: Independent Indirect Subjective</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-285"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-09/">09: Independent Dubitative Neutral</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-287"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-10/">10: Independent Dubitative Preterit</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-273 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/">Conjunct Orders</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-289"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-11/">11: Conjunct Indicative Neutral</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-293"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-12a/">12a: Conjunct Indicative Neutral- Subjunctive</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-291"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-12b/">12b: Conjunct Indicative Neutral – Habitual/Iterative</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-295"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-14/">14: Conjunct Dubitative Neutral</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-297"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-15/">15: Conjunct Dubitative Preterit</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-269"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-imperative/">Imperative Order</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-9919"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/person-inflection/">Person Inflection</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-299 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/">Cree Verb Stems</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-304"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/vii/">VII</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-306"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/vti/">VTI</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-308"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/vta/">VTA</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-310"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/vai/">VAI</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-301"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/verbs/preverbs/">Preverbs</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-98 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/">Pronouns</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-312"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/personal-emphatic/">Personal Emphatic</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-314"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/personal-prefixes/">Personal: Prefixes</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-318"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/personal-inclusive/">Personal: Inclusive</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-316"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/alternative/">Alternative Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-325"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/indefinite/">Indefinite Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-327"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/interrogative/">Interrogative</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2907"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/interrogative-place-2/">Interrogative: Place or selection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-331"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/dubitative/">Dubitative</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-335"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/dubitative-selection/">Dubitative: Selection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-333"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/dubitative-animate/">Dubitative: aawiichaa</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-337"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/demonstrative/">Demonstrative Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-339"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/absentative/">Absentative Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-341"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/hesitation/">Hesitation Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-343"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/focus/">Focus Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-345"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/pronouns/identification/">Identification Pronouns</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2961"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/particles/">Particles</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5826 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/">Word Formation</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5886"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/strategies-to-create-new-words/">Strategies to Create New Words</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5883"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/word-structure/">Word Structure</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5925 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/">Noun Structure</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5929"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/primary-noun-stems/">Primary Noun Stems</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6018"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/short-forms-of-animal-nouns-acting-as-finals-a5/">Stems with Two Elements: Animal Nouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6038"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/nouns-made-from-verbs-b2/">Nouns Ending in -kin</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5998"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/compound-nouns-a4/">Noun + Noun final (concrete, body part)</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6031"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/nouns-made-from-verbs-b1/">Nouns Ending in -win</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5933"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/compound-nouns-a1/">Noun Stem + Noun Stem</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5977"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/compound-nouns-a3/">Verb Stem + Noun Stem</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5948"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/compound-nouns-a2/">Preform + Noun Stem</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6064"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/nouns-ending-in-siu/">Nouns Ending in -siu</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6076 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/">Verb Structure</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6075"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/stem-with-one-element/">Stem with one element</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6084"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c1/">Verb + Verb</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6092"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c2/">Verb Stem + Final</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6098"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c3/">Preform / Preverb + Verb Final</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6104"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c4/">Verbs of Appearance</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6110"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c5/">Noun + Verb</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5529"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c6/">Initial + Verb Final</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6126"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c7/">Initial + Medial + Final</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6133"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c8/">Preform / Preverb + Verb</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6152"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/making-a-verb-from-a-noun-d1/">Verbs of Possession</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6158"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verbs-of-being/">Verbs of Being</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6163"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verbs-of-creation/">Verbs of Creation</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6173"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/making-a-verb-from-a-noun-d4/">Verbs of Abundance</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6179"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/making-a-verb-from-a-particle-e/">Making a Verb From a Particle</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6185"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/making-a-verb-into-a-new-verb-f1/">Causative Verbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7467"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/reciprocal-verbs-secondary-derived-verbs-f2-2/">Reciprocal Verbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6193"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/making-a-verb-into-a-new-verb-f2/">Reflexive Verbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6199"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/making-a-verb-into-a-new-verb-f3/">Applicative Verbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6211"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verbs-of-general-action/">Verbs of General Action</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6021"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/complex-particles-a6/">Particle Structure</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-9249"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/northern-dialect/word-formation/reduplication/">Reduplication</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-89 page_item list-item_has_children current_page_ancestor"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/">Southern Dialect Grammar</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-143 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/">Nouns</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-145"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-number/">Number Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-151"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-gender/">Gender Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-166 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-obviative/">Obviative Inflection</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4299"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-obviative/story-analysis/">Story Analysis</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-154"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-locative/">Locative Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-168"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-person/">Inflections: Person</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4780"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-person-extended/">Inflections: Person-Extended</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4786"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-person-dependent/">Inflections: Person-Dependent</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-170"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-vocative/">Vocative Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-172"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/inflections-diminutive/">Diminutive Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-174"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/simulative/">Simulative Inflection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-176"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/noun-paradigms/">Noun Paradigms</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2675 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/stem/">Noun Stems</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4354"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/stem/noun-stems-vowel-u/">vowel + u</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4388"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/stem/noun-stems-vowel-i/">vowel + i</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4382"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/stem/noun-stems-consonant-w/">consonant + w</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2673"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/nouns/stem/noun-stems-s/">-s/-sh</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-736 page_item list-item_has_children current_page_ancestor"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/">Verbs</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-14041"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-southern-verb-conjugation-applet-legend/">Cree Southern Verb Conjugation Applet Legend</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5985"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/preverbs/">Preverbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-738 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verbs/">Cree Verbs</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-740"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verbs/transitivity/">Transitivity</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-742"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verbs/gender/">Gender</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-744 page_item list-item_has_children current_page_ancestor current_page_parent"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/">Cree Verb Classes</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-746"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vii/">VII</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-748 current_page_item active list-item"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vti/" aria-current="page">VTI</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-750 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vta/">VTA</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-774"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vta/vta-person-prefix/">VTA Person Prefix</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-776"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vta/vta-theme-suffix/">VTA Theme Suffix</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-778"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vta/vta-additional/">Additional VTA Verb Classes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-752 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vai/">VAI</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-754"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vai/vai-explicit/">VAI with Explicit Goals</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-756"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vai/vai-implicit/">VAI with Implicit Goals</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-10810"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/vai-o/">VAI + O</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-758"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-classes/participles/">Participles (nominalizations)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7660 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/">Cree Verb Inflection</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7838"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/initial-change/">Initial Change</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7667 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/">Orders</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7671 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/">Independent Orders</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7676"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-01/">01: Independent Indicative Neutral</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7688"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-02/">02: Independent Indicative Neutral – Subjective</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7748"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-09/">09: Independent Dubitative Neutral</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7805"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-independent/orders-10/">10: Independent Dubitative Preterit</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7812 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/">Conjunct Orders</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7824"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-11/">11: Conjunct Indicative Neutral</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7835"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-12a/">12a: Conjunct Indicative Neutral-Subjunctive</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7842"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-12b/">12b: Conjunct Indicative Neutral – Habitual/Iterative</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7849"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-14/">14: Conjunct Dubitative Neutral</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7854"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-conjunct/orders-15/">15: Conjunct Dubitative Preterit</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-7864"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/orders/orders-imperative/">Imperative Order</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-9920"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-inflection/person-inflection/">Person Inflection</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-8260 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/">Cree Verb Stems</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-8286"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/vii/">VII</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-8359"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/vta/">VTA</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-8348"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/vti/">VTI</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-8319"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/vai/">VAI</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2831 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/">Pronouns</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2842"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/personal-emphatic/">Personal-Emphatic</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2853"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/personal-prefixes/">Personal-Prefixes</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2833"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/personal-inclusive/">Personal Inclusive</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2840"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/alternative/">Alternative Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2861"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/indefinite/">Indefinite Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2851"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/interrogative/">Interrogative</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2859"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/interrogative-place/">Interrogative-Place</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2865"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/interrogative-selection/">Interrogative-Selection</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2835"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/dubitative/">Dubitative</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2857"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/dubitative-place/">Dubitative-Place</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2848"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/demonstrative/">Demonstrative Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2855"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/absentative/">Absentative Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-9156"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/hesitation/">Hesitation Pronouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2845"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/pronouns/focus/">Focus Pronouns</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6331"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/particles/">Particles</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4806 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/">Word Formation</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4809"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/strategies-to-create-new-words/">Strategies to Create New Words</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4830"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/word-structure/">Word Structure</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4851 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/">Noun Structure</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4865"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/primary-noun-stems/">Primary Noun Stems</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5011"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/short-forms-of-animal-nouns-acting-as-finals-a5/">Stems with Two Elements – Animal Nouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5187"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/nouns-made-from-verbs-b2/">Nouns Ending in -kan</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4970"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/compound-nouns-a4-not-published/">Noun + Noun final (concrete, body part)</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5164"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/verb-stem-win/">Nouns Ending in -win</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5254"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/nouns-made-from-verbs-b4/">Nouns Ending in -suu</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5535"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/nouns-made-from-verbs-b3/">Participles or Nominalizations</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4898"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/compound-nouns-a1/">Noun Stem + Noun Stem</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4957"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/verb-noun/">Verb Stem + Noun Stem</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4923"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/noun-structure/preform-noun/">Preform + Noun Stem</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4858 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/">Verb Structure</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5400"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/stem-one-element/">Stem with one element</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5408"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c1/">Verb + Verb</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5427"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verb-stem-final-secondary-derivation-c2/">Verb Stem + Final</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5502"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c3/">Preform + Verb Final</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5515"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verbs-of-appearance-derived-verbs-c4/">Verbs of Appearance</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5525"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c5/">Noun + Verb</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6121"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/initial-verb-final-primary-derived-verbs-c6/">Initial + Verb Final</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5561"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/initial-medial-final-primary-derived-verb-c7/">Initial + Medial + Final</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5567"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/compound-verbs-c8/">Preverb + Verb</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5575"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verbs-of-possession-secondary-derived-verbs-d1/">Verbs of Possession</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5599"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verbs-of-being-secondary-derived-verbs-d2/">Verbs of Being</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5615"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verbs-of-creation-secondary-derived-verbs-d3/">Verbs of Creation</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5626"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verbs-of-abundance-secondary-derived-verbs-d4/">Verbs of Abundance</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5639"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/making-a-verb-from-a-particle-primary-derived-verbs-e/">Making a Verb From a Particle</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5662"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/making-a-verb-into-a-new-verb-f1/">Causative Verbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-6553"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/reciprocal-verbs-secondary-derived-verbs-f2-2/">Reciprocal Verbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5689"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/reflexive-verbs-secondary-derived-verbs-f2-1/">Reflexive Verbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5700"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/applicative-verbs-secondary-derived-verbs-f3/">Applicative Verbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5707"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/verb-structure/verbs-of-general-action-secondary-derived-verbs-f4/">Verbs of General Action</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5125"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/complex-particles-a6/">Particle Structure</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-5290"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/word-formation/reduplication-south/">Reduplication</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11457 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/">Spelling East Cree</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11469 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/">Spelling Northern East Cree</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11770"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/dialect-differences/">Dialect Differences</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11771"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/use-of-dots/">The Use of Dots</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11772 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/">Syllabic Finals</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11809"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/end-of-word/">Small syllabic symbols at the end of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11810"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/middle-of-word/">No ᒻ or ᓐ in the middle of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11811"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/k-kw-end-of-word/">ᒃ and ᒄ at the end of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11812"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/ending-added/">How the syllabic finals change when an ending is added.</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11813"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/sa-sha/">ᔅ and ᔥ</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11814 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/">The use of the ᐦ (h) final</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11825"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/h-middle/">ᐦ in the middle of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11826"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/h-end/">ᐦ at the end of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11827"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/locative-suffix/">Locative suffix</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11828"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/verb-suffix/">ᐦ (h) in Verb Suffixes</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11773"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/i-ii-ya/">ᐃ, ᐄ and ᔨ</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11774"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/not-forget-write/">Syllabic symbols not to forget to write</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11775"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/double-consonants/">Double consonants</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11776"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/noun-endings/">Adding endings to nouns</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11777"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/siu-sii-end-word/">ᓯᐤ and ᓲ at the end of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11778 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/boundaries/">Boundaries</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11798"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/boundaries/personal-prefix/">Adding a personal prefix</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11799"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/boundaries/preverbs/">Using preverbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11800"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/boundaries/compound-words/">Making compound words</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11779"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/punctuation/">Punctuation</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11803"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/writing-names/">Writing Names</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11804"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/northern/sro/">Standard Roman Orthography (SRO)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11470 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/">Spelling Southern East Cree</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11472"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/dialect-differences/">Dialect Differences</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11502"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/use-of-dots/">The Use of Dots</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11532 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/">Syllabic Finals</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11538"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/end-of-word/">Small syllabic symbols at the end of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11539"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/middle-of-word/">No ᒻ or ᓐ in the middle of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11540"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/k-kw-end-of-word/">ᒃ and ᒄ at the end of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11541"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/ending-added/">How the small syllabic symbols change when an ending is added</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11542"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/sa-sha/">ᔅ and ᔥ</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11543 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/">The use of the ᐦ (h) final</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11555"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/h-middle/">ᐦ (h) in the middle of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11556"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/h-final/">ᐦ at the end of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11557"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/locative-suffix/">ᐦ (h) in the locative suffix</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11558"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/use-of-h-final/verb-suffix/">ᐦ (h) in verb suffixes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11544"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/syllabic-finals/large-syllabic-symbols-that-sound-like-finals/">Large syllabic symbols that sound like finals</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11573 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/i-ii-ya/">ᐃ, ᐄ and ᔨ</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11581"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/i-ii-ya/i-ya-end-word/">ᐃ or ᔨ at the end of words</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11582"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/i-ii-ya/ii-i-middle-word/">ᐄ and ᐃ in the middle of a word</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11583"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/i-ii-ya/using-ya/">Using ᔨ</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11584"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/i-ii-ya/new-spelling/">New spelling for ᑖᐤ and ᑕᑯᓐ, ᑐᑕᒻ and ᑐᑕᐧᐁᐤ</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11574"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/not-forget-write/">Syllabic symbols not to forget to write</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11575"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/noun-endings/">Adding endings to nouns and verbs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11576 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/boundaries/">Boundaries</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11612"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/boundaries/personal-prefix/">Adding a personal prefix</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11613"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/boundaries/preverbs/">Using a preverb</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11614"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/boundaries/compound-words/">Making compound words</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11577"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/new-spellings-2015/">New spellings as of summer 2015</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11578"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/punctuation/">Punctuation</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-11579"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/writing-names/">Writing Names</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-12324"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/spelling-east-cree/southern/sro/">Standard Roman Orthography (SRO)</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-91 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/">The Sounds of East Cree</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-1377"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/site-map-for-the-sounds-of-east-cree/">Site Map for the Sounds of East Cree</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-928"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/methodology/">Methodology</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-393 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/orthography/">Orthography</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-395 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/orthography/roman/">Roman</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2789"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/orthography/roman/glottal-stops/">Glottal Stops</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-397"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/orthography/rationale/">Rationale</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-950 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/">Sounds</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-2302"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/syllabification/">Syllabification</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-401 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/">Consonants</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-403 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/plosives/">Plosives</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-405"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/plosives/about-plosives/">About Plosives</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-1052"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/plosives/voicing-3/">Voicing</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-932"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/affricates/">Affricates</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-407 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/fricatives/">Fricatives</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-1084"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/fricatives/h-sounds2/">H-sounds</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-409 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/nasals/">Nasals</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-4761"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/nasals/mi-ni/">MI / NI</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-411"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonants/glides/">Glides</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-413 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/">Vowels</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-415 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/about-vowels/">About Vowels</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-973"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/about-vowels/long-short/">long-short</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-417"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/tense-vowels/">Tense Vowels</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-419"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/lax-vowels/">Lax Vowels</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-421"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/diphthongs/">Diphthongs</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-975 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/silent-vowels/">Silent Vowels</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-1195 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/silent-vowels/silent-letter-spelling/">Silent Letter Spelling</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-1207"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/silent-vowels/silent-letter-spelling/final-u/">Final U</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-425"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/vowels/vowel-listening-practice/">Vowel Listening Practice</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-427 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonant-clusters/">Consonant Clusters</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-429"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonant-clusters/s-or-sh-clusters/">S or SH Clusters</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-431"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonant-clusters/h-clusters/">H Clusters</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-433"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonant-clusters/vowel-deletion/">Vowel Deletion</a> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-435"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/consonant-clusters/w-clusters/">W Clusters</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-437 page_item list-item_has_children"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/accent/">Accent</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item list-item page-item-439"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/sounds-east-cree/sounds/accent/hearing-accent/">Hearing Accent</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="card d-block mt-3 border "><div class="card-header "><h4 class="card-title">Resource Topics</h2> </div><div class='card-body'> <ul> <li class="cat-item cat-item-1"><a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/category/news/">News</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="card d-block mt-3 border "> <div class="card-header "><h4 class="card-title">Most Recent Articles</h2> </div><div class='card-body'> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/celebrating-20-years-of-providing-east-cree-resources/">Celebrating 20 years of providing East Cree resources</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function adjustSidebar(){ $(".sidebar .current_page_ancestor > .btn > span.glyphicon, .sidebar .current_page_item > .btn > span.glyphicon").toggleClass("glyphicon-plus").toggleClass("glyphicon-minus"); //console.log($(".sidebar .current_page_ancestor > .btn > span.glyphicon")); $("body").addClass("ancestor-23"); $(".sidebar .card-body ul").addClass('list-group list-group-flush'); $(".sidebar .card-body ul > li").addClass('list-item '); $(".sidebar .current-cat").addClass('active '); } </script> </div> <div class="col col-lg-9 " id="content"> <a id="topOfPage"></a> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <article id="post-748" class="post-748 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <div class="entry-content"> <h1 class="pg-title"><a name="top"></a>VTI (Verb Transitive Inanimate)</h1> Transitive Inanimate Verbs (VTI) are verbs with two roles (transitive) filled by an animate subject and an inanimate object. <table><caption>Observation</caption> <tbody><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒪᓯᓇᐦᐊᒻ ᒪᓯᓇᐦᐄᑲᓂᔫ ᕉᕪ᙮</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/SV-021.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">masinaham masinahiikaniyuu Ruth.</td> <td class="gloss">Ruth is writing a book.</td> </tr><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᐄᔅᑯᐸᑕᒻ ᐅᑖᔅ᙮</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/SV-022.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">iiskupatam utaas.</td> <td class="gloss">He is pulling up his socks.</td> </tr><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒪᓇᐦᐊᒻ ᒌᔅᑖᔅᐧᑳᓐᐦ᙮</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/SV-023.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">manaham chiistaaskwaanh.</td> <td class="gloss">She is pulling out nails.</td> </tr></tbody></table>VTI verbs can be found in all orders, with all persons. In the Southern dialect, in their dictionary form, they always end in -am. See <a href="https://www.eastcree.org/cree/en/grammar/southern-dialect/verbs/cree-verb-stems/vti/">VTI stems</a>. Below are some examples of their inflection (regular and relational). <table class="clear"><tbody><tr><th style="text-align: center;" colspan="4">Independent Indicative Neutral</th> </tr><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᓂᐧᐋᐸᐦᑌᓐ ᓂᒨᐦᑯᒫᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/TI-ex1.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">niwaapahten nimuuhkumaan.</td> <td>‘I see my own knife’</td> </tr><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒻ ᐅᒨᐦᑯᒫᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/TI-ex2.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">waapahtam umuuhkumaan.</td> <td>‘She sees her/his own knife’</td> </tr><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒥᔫ ᐅᒨᐦᑯᒫᓂᔫ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/TI-ex3.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">waapahtamiyuu umuuhkumaaniyuu.</td> <td>‘She (John’s daughter) sees her knife.’</td> </tr><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒻ ᓂᒨᐦᑯᒫᓂᔫ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/TI-ex4.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">waapahtam nimuuhkumaaniyuu</td> <td>‘She sees my knife.’</td> </tr><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒋᐧᐋᐸᐦᑌᓐ ᓂᒨᐦᑯᒫᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/TI-ex5.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">chiwaapahten nimuuhkumaan.</td> <td>‘You see my knife.’</td> </tr></tbody></table><table class="clear"><tbody><tr><th style="text-align: center;" colspan="4">Relational Forms</th> </tr><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᐧᐁᐤ ᐅᒨᐦᑯᒫᓂᔫ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/TI-ex6.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">Waapahtamuweu umuuhkumaaniyuu.</td> <td>‘She sees his/her (someone else’s) knife.’ (‘Peter sees John’s knife’).</td> </tr><tr><td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒋᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᐧᐊᓐ ᐅᒨᐦᑯᒫᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/TI-ex7.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">Chiwaapahtamuwan umuuhkumaan.</td> <td>‘You see his/her knife.’</td> </tr></tbody></table><h5>Paradigm example:</h5> <table class="clear"><tbody><tr><th style="text-align: center;" colspan="5">Independent Indicative Neutral</th> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">2</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒋᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑌᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_1.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">chikanawaapahten</td> <td>‘you look at it’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">1</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᓂᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑌᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_2.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">nikanawaapahten</td> <td>‘I look at it’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">3</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒻ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_3.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">kanawaapahtam</td> <td>‘she looks at it’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">4</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒥᔫᐦ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_4.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">kanawaapahtamiyuuh</td> <td>‘her/his/their (child/children) look/s at it’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">2p</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒋᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑌᓈᐧᐋᐧ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_5.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">chikanawaapahtenaawaaw</td> <td>‘you-all look at it’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">21p</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒋᑲᓇᐧᐊᐸᐦᑌᓈᓅ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_6.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">chikanawapahtenaanuu</td> <td>‘we (you and me ) look at it’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">1p</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᓂᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑌᓈᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_7.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">nikanawaapahtenaan</td> <td>‘we (me and her/him) looks at it’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">3p</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᒡ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_8.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">kanawaapahtamuch</td> <td>‘they look at it’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">indef</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᑲᓅ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_9.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">kanawaapahtakanuu</td> <td>‘people look at it’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">indef obv</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᑲᓅᔫ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_10.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">kanawaapahtakanuuyuu</td> <td>‘everyone (while she is there) looks at it’</td> </tr></tbody></table><table class="clear"><tbody><tr><th style="text-align: center;" colspan="5">Relational Forms</th> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">2</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒋᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᐧᐋᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_11.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">chikanawaapahtamuwaan</td> <td>‘You look at her/his…’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">1</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᓂᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᐧᐋᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_12.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">nikanawaapahtamuwaan</td> <td>‘I look at her/his…’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">3</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᐧᐁᐤ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_13.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">kanawaapahtamuweu</td> <td>‘she looks at her/his…’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">2p</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒋᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᐧᐋᓈᐧᐋᐧ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_14.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">chikanawaapahtamuwaanaawaaw</td> <td>‘you-all look at her/his…’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">21p</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᒋᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᐧᐋᓈᓅ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_15.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">chikanawaapahtamuwaanaanuu</td> <td>‘we (you and me) look at her/his…’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">1p</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᓂᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᐧᐋᓈᓐ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_16.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">nikanawaapahtamuwaanaan</td> <td>‘we (me and her/him) look at her/his…’</td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;">3p</td> <td class="bjcex" style="text-align: right;">ᑲᓇᐧᐋᐸᐦᑕᒧᐧᐁᐅᒡ</td> <td style="width: 18px;"><img class="clickable" title="Click here to hear this word" src="/img/speak.gif" alt="Click here to hear this word" data-sound-url="/snd/grammar/SVe/S01TI_17.mp3"></td> <td class="crex">kanawaapahtamuweuch</td> <td>‘they look at her/his…’</td> </tr></tbody></table>Link to <a href="http://verbs.eastcree.org/?vti" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Conjugation Tables</a><div id="cite" style="z-index: 2000000; display: none; position: fixed; top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0;"> <div style="z-index: 2000000; position: fixed; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0;"> </div> <div style="z-index: 5000000; position: relative; margin: 10% auto; width: 800px; min-height: 200px; max-height: 600px; background-color: white; border-radius: 1em; padding: 1em 2em;"><button class="closeButton close" style="float: right; max-height: 14px;" title="close"></button> <table style="max-width: 100%;"><tbody><tr><td style="font-weight: bold;">APA:</td> <td>Junker, M.-O., Blacksmith, L., & MacKenzie, M. (2015). East Cree Verbs (Southern Dialect). [Revised and expanded from 2006 original and 2013 revised edition] In The Interactive East Cree Reference Grammar. Retrieved from [URL]</td> </tr><tr><td> </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td style="font-weight: bold;">MLA:</td> <td>Marie-Odile Junker, Louise Blacksmith and Marguerite MacKenzie. East Cree Verbs (Southern Dialect). [Revised and expanded from 2006 original and 2013 revised edition] In The Interactive East Cree Reference Grammar. 2015. Web. [date]</td> </tr></tbody></table>[URL] = website address, beginning with “http://” [Date] = the date you accessed the page, styled as follows: 13 Dec. 2015 </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="col-2 hidden-sm hidden-md d-none d-lg-block d-xl-block d-print-none"> <nav id="page-navigator" class="nav flex-column"> </nav> </div> </div>  <section class="mt-3" style="border-top: 1px solid #eee"> <nav> <ul class="nav flex-column"> </ul> </nav> </section> <a href="#topOfPage" id="topOfPageLink" style="" class="btn btn-outline-primary" title="top of page"> </a> </div> </section> </main> <footer id="footer" class="footer d-print-none" style=""> <div class=" container-fluid"> <div class="row"> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="pull-right"> Last modified: November 25, 2019 </div> <div class="pull-left" style="color: #d3d3d3"> </div> <div class="center-block"> ©2000-2024 www.eastcree.org </div> </div> <div class="row"> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/js/bootstrap.min.js?ver=20170520' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-script-bootstrap-js'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/js/all.js?ver=20170520' id='eastcree_twentytwenty-script-fontawesome-js'></script> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col col-xs-6 text-danger"> Data-mining and scraping strictly prohibited. </div> <div class="col col-xs-6 text-right text-danger"> L’extraction des données est strictement interdite </div> </div> </div> </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> var _paq = _paq || []; _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="//webstats.atlas-ling.ca/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'piwik.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', 1]); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.defer=true; g.src=u+'piwik.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <noscript><img src="https://webstats.atlas-ling.ca/piwik.php?idsite=1" style="border:0;" alt="" /></noscript>  <script type="text/javascript"> var images = ['https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner1.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner2.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner3.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner4.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner5.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner6.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner7.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner8.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner9.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner10.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner11.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner12.jpg', 'https://www.eastcree.org/cree/wp-content/themes/eastcree_twentytwenty/images/banner13.jpg', ]; var imagesQueue =[]; var imageTimer=false; var deg =0; $( function () { try{ adjustMenu(); }catch(err){ console.log(err); } try{ adjustSidebar(); } catch (err) { console.log(err); } try { imageTimer = setInterval(function () { if (imagesQueue.length < 1) imagesQueue = images.slice(0); var index = imagesQueue.length > 1 ? Math.floor(Math.random() * imagesQueue.length) : 0; //console.log(images[index]); /* deg +=90; if(deg>=360)deg=0; $(".cube").css('transform'," rotateY("+deg+"deg)");*/ $("#header").css('background-image','url('+imagesQueue.splice(index,1)+')'); }, 30000); }catch(err){ console.log(err); } if($("#cite").length){ $("#content > .row").css('margin-top','25px'); $("#content").prepend('<div class="user-buttons d-print-none">Cite </div>'); $("#cite div:first,#cite .close").on('click',function () { $("#cite").hide(); }) } $(".clickable").addClass("btn"); $("button").addClass("btn btn-outline-primary"); //$(".user-buttons> button").addClass("btn-outline-secondary"); $(".pg-title").addClass(" text-primary "); $("img[src$='speak.gif']").hide().after(function(i) { //console.log(this.onclick, $(this).attr('data-sound-url')); return $('').append(''); }); $("[data-sound-url]").click(function () { play($(this).attr('data-sound-url')); }); /*TODO:fix display or come up with a better way to do this*/ //console.log('ready'); }); function play(url) { try { //console.log(url); if ($("#audioPlayer").length > 0) { try { $("#audioPlayer")[0].pause(); } catch (err) { } $("#audioPlayer source").attr('src', 'https://www.eastcree.org' + encodeURI(url)); $("#audioPlayer")[0].load(); $("#audioPlayer")[0].play(); } } catch (err) { console.log(err); } //console.log($("#audioPlayer")); } </script> <audio id="audioPlayer" controls style="opacity: 0; visibility: hidden;"> <source type="audio/mpeg"/> </audio> </body> </html>