CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Henry A. Gleason - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"04a21b7e-2f95-49ed-a7b4-205ddfc62591","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Henry_A._Gleason","wgTitle":"Henry A. Gleason","wgCurRevisionId":1250403681,"wgRevisionId":1250403681,"wgArticleId":3724506,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Articles with hCards","Botanists with author abbreviations","Articles with Project Gutenberg links","Articles with Internet Archive links","American ecologists","Ecological succession","1882 births","1975 deaths","American taxonomists","New York Botanical Garden","Torrey Botanical Society members","University of Michigan faculty","University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign alumni", "Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni","20th-century American botanists"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Henry_A._Gleason","wgRelevantArticleId":3724506,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Henry_A._Gleason_(botanist)","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Henry_A._Gleason","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false, "wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1360735","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init" :"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Henry_A._Gleason.jpg/1200px-Henry_A._Gleason.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1795"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Henry_A._Gleason.jpg/800px-Henry_A._Gleason.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1196"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Henry_A._Gleason.jpg/640px-Henry_A._Gleason.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="957"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Henry A. Gleason - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_A._Gleason"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_A._Gleason"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Henry_A_Gleason rootpage-Henry_A_Gleason skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Henry+A.+Gleason" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Henry+A.+Gleason" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Henry+A.+Gleason" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Henry+A.+Gleason" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Life_and_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life_and_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Life and work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Life_and_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Awards and honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bibliography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_by_Gleason" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_by_Gleason"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Works by Gleason</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_by_Gleason-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_on_Gleason" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_on_Gleason"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Works on Gleason</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_on_Gleason-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Henry A. Gleason</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_(%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="هنري ألان جليسون (عالم نبات) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هنري ألان جليسون (عالم نبات)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Allan_Gleason_(Botaniker)" title="Henry Allan Gleason (Botaniker) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Henry Allan Gleason (Botaniker)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Gleason" title="Henry Gleason – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Henry Gleason" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Allan_Gleason" title="Henry Allan Gleason – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Henry Allan Gleason" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="هنرى الان جليسون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هنرى الان جليسون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Allan_Gleason" title="Henry Allan Gleason – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Henry Allan Gleason" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3_(%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85)" title="ヘンリー・アラン・グリーソン (植物学者) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘンリー・アラン・グリーソン (植物学者)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_A._Gleason" title="Henry A. Gleason – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Henry A. Gleason" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Глисон, Генри Аллан (старший) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Глисон, Генри Аллан (старший)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Хенри Глисон – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хенри Глисон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Allan_Gleason" title="Henry Allan Gleason – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Henry Allan Gleason" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%96_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Генрі Алан Глізон (старший) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Генрі Алан Глізон (старший)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E6%A3%AE" title="亨利·艾伦·格里森 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亨利·艾伦·格里森" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1360735#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Gleason" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Henry_A._Gleason" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Gleason"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Gleason"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Henry_A._Gleason" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Henry_A._Gleason" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&oldid=1250403681" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Henry_A._Gleason&id=1250403681&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHenry_A._Gleason"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHenry_A._Gleason"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Henry_A._Gleason&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Henry_Allan_Gleason" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Henry_Allan_Gleason" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1360735" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason_(botanist)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry A. Gleason (botanist)">Henry A. Gleason (botanist)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American ecologist (1882-1975)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the botanist. For his son, the linguist, see <a href="/wiki/Henry_Allan_Gleason_(linguist)" title="Henry Allan Gleason (linguist)">Henry Allan Gleason (linguist)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Henry A. Gleason</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_A._Gleason.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="portrait of a Henry Allan Gleason, wearing a suit and glasses, holding three folders of herbarium specimens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Henry_A._Gleason.jpg/220px-Henry_A._Gleason.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Henry_A._Gleason.jpg/330px-Henry_A._Gleason.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Henry_A._Gleason.jpg/440px-Henry_A._Gleason.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1314" data-file-height="1965" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Henry Allan Gleason</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1882-01-02</span>)</span>January 2, 1882<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 12, 1975<span style="display:none">(1975-04-12)</span> (aged 93)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana-Champaign" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign">University of Illinois</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Allan_Gleason_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Allan Gleason Jr">Henry Allan Gleason Jr</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Gleason_Eudey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anne Gleason Eudey (page does not exist)">Anne Gleason Eudey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gleason" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew Gleason">Andrew Gleason</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category">Botany, Ecology</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana-Champaign" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign">University of Illinois</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Botanical_Garden" title="New York Botanical Garden">New York Botanical Garden</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Author_citation_(botany)" title="Author citation (botany)">Author abbrev. (botany)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Gleason</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Henry Allan Gleason</b> (1882–1975) was an American <a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">ecologist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botany" title="Botany">botanist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">taxonomist</a>. He was known for his endorsement of the individualistic or open community concept of <a href="/wiki/Ecological_succession" title="Ecological succession">ecological succession</a>, and his opposition to <a href="/wiki/Frederic_Clements" title="Frederic Clements">Frederic Clements</a>'s concept of the <a href="/wiki/Climax_community" title="Climax community">climax</a> state of an <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">ecosystem</a>. His ideas were largely dismissed during his working life, leading him to move into plant taxonomy, but found favour late in the twentieth century. </p><p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1213917922">.mw-parser-output .botanist-bordered{border:0 solid #ddd;border-width:2px 0;padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .botanist .nickname{font-weight:bold}</style><span class="botanist">The standard <a href="/wiki/List_of_botanists_by_author_abbreviation_(A)" title="List of botanists by author abbreviation (A)">author abbreviation</a> <span class="vcard"><span class="fn n"><span class="nickname">Gleason</span></span></span> is used to indicate this person as the author when <a href="/wiki/Author_citation_(botany)" title="Author citation (botany)">citing</a> a <a href="/wiki/Botanical_name" title="Botanical name">botanical name</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_work">Life and work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gleason was born in <a href="/wiki/Dalton_City,_Illinois" title="Dalton City, Illinois">Dalton City, Illinois</a>, and after undergraduate and master's work at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana-Champaign" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign">University of Illinois</a> earned a PhD from <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> in Biology in 1906. He held faculty positions at the University of Illinois, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>, before returning to the East Coast, to the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Botanical_Garden" title="New York Botanical Garden">New York Botanical Garden</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">the Bronx</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, where he remained for the rest of his career, until 1950. </p><p>In Gleason's early <a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">ecological</a> research on the <a href="/wiki/Vegetation" title="Vegetation">vegetation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, around 1909–1912, he worked largely within the theoretical structure endorsed by <a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">ecologist</a> <a href="/wiki/Frederic_Clements" title="Frederic Clements">Frederic Clements</a>, whose work on <a href="/wiki/Ecological_succession" title="Ecological succession">succession</a> was the most influential during the first decades of the twentieth century. Building on <a href="/wiki/Henry_Chandler_Cowles" title="Henry Chandler Cowles">Henry C. Cowles</a>'s landmark research at the <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Dunes" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiana Dunes">Indiana Dunes</a> and some of the ideas of his mentor <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bessey" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Bessey">Charles Bessey</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Nebraska">University of Nebraska</a>, Clements had developed a theory of plant succession in which vegetation could be explained by reference to an ideal sequence of development called a <a href="/wiki/Sere_(ecology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sere (ecology)">sere</a>. Clements sometimes compared the development of seres to the growth of individual <a href="/wiki/Organism" title="Organism">organisms</a>, and suggested that under the right circumstances, seres would culminate in the best <a href="/wiki/Adaptation" title="Adaptation">adapted</a> form of vegetation, which he called the <a href="/wiki/Climax_community" title="Climax community">climax</a> state. In his early research, Gleason interpreted the vegetation of Illinois using Clementsian concepts like <a href="/wiki/Association_(ecology)" title="Association (ecology)">associations</a>, climax states, <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Pioneer plant">pioneer</a> species, and dominant species. </p><p>However, in 1918, Gleason began to express significant doubts on the usefulness of some of Clements's widely employed vocabulary, especially the use of the organism <a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">metaphor</a> to describe the growth of vegetation, and the treatment of the units of vegetation as including climaxes. (What units should be used in the analysis of vegetation was a widely disputed issue in early twentieth-century ecology.) In 1926, Gleason expressed even stronger objections to Clements's theory. First, he argued that Clements's identification of particular <a href="/wiki/Natural_kind" title="Natural kind">kinds</a> of vegetation assumed too much <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Homogeneity" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Homogeneity">homogeneity</a>, since areas of vegetation are actually similar to one another only to degrees. Second, he argued that Clements's associating particular vegetation types with particular areas underestimated the real diversity of vegetation. These objections together cast doubt, for Gleason, on the "integrity of the <a href="/wiki/Association_(ecology)" title="Association (ecology)">association</a> concept" itself—on identifying any grouping of species as amounting to a nameable association, like "oak-maple association," as botanists and ecologists (including Gleason himself) normally had. </p><p>As an alternative to describing vegetation in terms of <a href="/wiki/Association_(ecology)" title="Association (ecology)">associations</a>, Gleason offered "the Individualistic concept of ecology," in which "the phenomena of vegetation depend completely upon the phenomena of the individual" species (1917), and plant associations are less structured than he thought Clements's theory maintained. At times, Gleason suggested that the distribution of plants approaches mathematical <a href="/wiki/Randomness" title="Randomness">randomness</a>. </p><p>Clements never responded in print to Gleason's objections and alternative models, and they were largely ignored until the 1950s, when research by a number of ecologists (particularly <a href="/wiki/Robert_Whittaker_(ecologist)" title="Robert Whittaker (ecologist)">Robert Whittaker</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_T._Curtis" class="mw-redirect" title="John T. Curtis">John T. Curtis</a>) supported Gleasonian models. Subsequently, 'species-individualistic' models have become prevalent in community ecology. </p><p>Frustration due to dismissal of his ecological ideas without serious consideration may have contributed to Gleason's general abandonment of ecology. From the 1930s onward, he shifted the focus of his work to plant taxonomy, where he became an influential figure, working for many years at the New York Botanical Garden, and authoring with <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cronquist" title="Arthur Cronquist">Arthur Cronquist</a> one of the authoritative floras of northeastern North America. </p><p>Gleason married Eleanor Theodolinda Mattei, the daughter of the Swiss-American winemaker <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Mattei" title="Andrew Mattei">Andrew Mattei</a>; they met on a steamship, where Gleason was on a botanical expedition, while Mattei was taking a grand tour of the world following her graduation from <a href="/wiki/Mills_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Mills College">Mills College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their elder son, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Allan_Gleason_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Allan Gleason Jr">Henry Allan Gleason Jr</a> (1917–2007), was a <a href="/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics">linguist</a> and Professor Emeritus at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a>. Their second son, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gleason" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew Gleason">Andrew Gleason</a>, (1921–2008), was a mathematician and Professor Emeritus at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Named Honorary Fellow of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-Fellow_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fellow-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The 110 acre Henry Allan Gleason Nature Preserve Area in the <a href="/wiki/Sand_Ridge_State_Forest" title="Sand Ridge State Forest">Sand Ridge State Forest</a> was dedicated after him in October 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-Henry_Allan_Gleason_Nature_Preserve_Area_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Henry_Allan_Gleason_Nature_Preserve_Area-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_by_Gleason">Works by Gleason</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Works by Gleason"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gleason, Henry A. 1901. The flora of the prairies. B. S. Thesis. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois">University of Illinois</a>.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1907. A botanical survey of the Illinois River Valley sand region. <i>Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bull.</i> 7:149-194.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1907. On the biology of the sand areas of Illinois. II. A botanical survey of the Illinois River Valley sand region. <i>Ill. Lab. Nat. Hist., Bull.</i> 7:149-194.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1908. A virgin prairie in Illinois. <i>Ill. Acad. Sci., Trans.</i> 1:62.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1909. The vegetational history of a river dune. <i>Ill. Acad. Sci., Trans.</i> 2:19-26.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1909. Some Unsolved Problems of the Prairies. <i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_the_Torrey_Botanical_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club">Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club</a></i> 36(5): 265–271.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1910. The vegetation of the inland sand deposits of Illinois. <i>Ill. Lab. Nat. Hist., Bull.</i> 9:23-174.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1912. An Isolated Prairie Grove and Its Phytogeographical Significance. <i><a href="/wiki/Botanical_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="Botanical Gazette">Botanical Gazette</a></i> 53(1): 38–49.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. and Frank C. Gates. 1912. A Comparison of the Rates of Evaporation in Certain Associations in Central Illinois. <i>Botanical Gazette</i> 53(6): 478–491.</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHenry_Gleason1917" class="citation journal cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry Gleason</a> (October 1917). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2479596">"The Structure and Development of the Plant Association"</a>. <i>Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club</i>. <b>44</b> (10): 463–481. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2479596">10.2307/2479596</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-9618">0040-9618</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2479596">2479596</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:89889039">89889039</a>. <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112770028" class="extiw" title="d:Q112770028">Q112770028</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Torrey+Botanical+Club&rft.atitle=The+Structure+and+Development+of+the+Plant+Association&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=463-481&rft.date=1917-10&rft.issn=0040-9618&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A89889039%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2479596%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2479596&rft.au=Henry+Gleason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2479596&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+A.+Gleason" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1922. On the Relation between Species and Area. <i><a href="/wiki/Ecology_(journal)" title="Ecology (journal)">Ecology</a></i> 3(2): 158–162.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1922. The Vegetational History of the Middle West. <i><a href="/wiki/Annals_of_the_Association_of_American_Geographers" class="mw-redirect" title="Annals of the Association of American Geographers">Annals of the Association of American Geographers</a></i> 12: 39–85.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1925. Species and Area. <i>Ecology</i> 6(1): 66–74.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGleason,_Henry_A.1926" class="citation cs2">Gleason, Henry A. (1926), "The Individualistic Concept of the Plant Association", <i>Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club</i>, <b>53</b> (1): 7–26, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2479933">10.2307/2479933</a>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2479933">2479933</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Torrey+Botanical+Club&rft.atitle=The+Individualistic+Concept+of+the+Plant+Association&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=7-26&rft.date=1926&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2479933&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2479933%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Gleason%2C+Henry+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+A.+Gleason" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1927. Further Views on the Succession-Concept. <i>Ecology</i> 8(3): 299–326.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1936. Is Sunusia an Association? <i>Ecology</i> 17(3): 444–451.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1939. The Individualistic Concept of the Plant Association. <i>American Midland Naturalist</i> 21(1): 92–110.</li> <li>Gleason, Henry A. 1975. Delving into the History of American Ecology. <i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_the_Ecological_Society_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America">Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America</a></i> 56(4): 7–10.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_on_Gleason">Works on Gleason</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Works on Gleason"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Barbour, Michael G. 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w04mjve7XekC&q=William+Cronon">"Ecological Fragmentation in the Fifties"</a>. in <a href="/wiki/William_Cronon" title="William Cronon">William Cronon</a>, editor. <i>Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/W.W._Norton_%26_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="W.W. Norton & Co.">W.W. Norton & Co.</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780393315110" title="Special:BookSources/9780393315110">9780393315110</a>.</li> <li>McIntosh, Robert P. 1975. H. A. Gleason - "'Individualistic Ecologist' 1882-1975: His Contributions to Ecological Theory". <i>Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club</i> 102(5): 253–273.</li> <li>Mitman, Gregg. 1995. "Defining the Organism in the Welfare State: The Politics of Individuality in American Culture, 1890-1950". in Sabine Maasen, Everett Mendelsohn and Peter Weingart, editors. <i>Biology as Society, Society as Biology: Metaphors</i>. Dordrecht: <a href="/wiki/Kluwer_Academic" class="mw-redirect" title="Kluwer Academic">Kluwer Academic</a>.</li> <li>Nicolson, Malcolm and Robert P. McIntosh. 2002. "H.A. Gleason and the Individualistic Hypothesis Revisited". <i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_the_Ecological_Society_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America">Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America</a></i> 83: 133–142.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Worster" title="Donald Worster">Worster, Donald</a>. 1994. <i>Nature's Economy: A History of Ecological Ideas</i>, 2nd ed. Cambridge and New York: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>.</li> <li>Marshall, Alan, The Unity of Nature: Wholeness and Disintegration in Science and Ecology, Imperial College Press: London, 2002.</li> <li>Kingsland, Sharon E. <i>The evolution of American ecology, 1890-2000</i>. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybg.org/library/finding_guide/archv/gleason_ppf.html">"Henry A. Gleason Papers (PP)"</a>. <i>www.nybg.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nybg.org&rft.atitle=Henry+A.+Gleason+Papers+%28PP%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybg.org%2Flibrary%2Ffinding_guide%2Farchv%2Fgleason_ppf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+A.+Gleason" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Plant_Names_Index" class="citation cs1"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">International Plant Names Index</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advAuthorSearch.do?find_abbreviation=Gleason"><i> Gleason</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=+Gleason&rft.au=International+Plant+Names+Index&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipni.org%2Fipni%2FadvAuthorSearch.do%3Ffind_abbreviation%3DGleason&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+A.+Gleason" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGleason2009" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Berko_Gleason" title="Jean Berko Gleason">Gleason, Jean Berko</a> (November 2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/notices/200910/rtx091001236p.pdf#page=31">"A life well lived"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Notices_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Notices of the American Mathematical Society">Notices of the American Mathematical Society</a></i>, <b>56</b> (10): 1266–1267</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Notices+of+the+American+Mathematical+Society&rft.atitle=A+life+well+lived&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=1266-1267&rft.date=2009-11&rft.aulast=Gleason&rft.aufirst=Jean+Berko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ams.org%2Fnotices%2F200910%2Frtx091001236p.pdf%23page%3D31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+A.+Gleason" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fellow-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fellow_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tropicalbiology.org/fellows/">"ATBC Honorary Fellows"</a>. Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ATBC+Honorary+Fellows&rft.pub=Association+for+Tropical+Biology+and+Conservation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftropicalbiology.org%2Ffellows%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+A.+Gleason" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Henry_Allan_Gleason_Nature_Preserve_Area-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Henry_Allan_Gleason_Nature_Preserve_Area_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160802131327/http://www.dnr.illinois.gov/INPC/Pages/Area5MasonHenryAllanGleason.aspx">"Henry Allan Gleason Nature Preserve Area"</a>. Illinois DNR. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnr.illinois.gov/INPC/Pages/Area5MasonHenryAllanGleason.aspx">the original</a> on August 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Henry+Allan+Gleason+Nature+Preserve+Area&rft.pub=Illinois+DNR&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnr.illinois.gov%2FINPC%2FPages%2FArea5MasonHenryAllanGleason.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+A.+Gleason" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybg.org/search/?search=gleason&submit=%C2%A0">Gleason</a> at the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Botanical_Garden" title="New York Botanical Garden">New York Botanical Garden</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120718024419/http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/ecology/aepsp.html">History of Ecology and the American Environment</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/35637">Works by Henry A. Gleason</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Gleason%2C%20Henry%20Allan%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Gleason%2C%20Henry%20A%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Gleason%2C%20H%2E%20A%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Henry%20Allan%20Gleason%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Henry%20A%2E%20Gleason%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22H%2E%20A%2E%20Gleason%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Gleason%2C%20Henry%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Henry%20Gleason%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Henry%20Allan%20Gleason%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Henry%20A%2E%20Gleason%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22H%2E%20A%2E%20Gleason%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22H%2E%20Allan%20Gleason%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Gleason%2C%20Henry%20Allan%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Gleason%2C%20Henry%20A%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Gleason%2C%20H%2E%20A%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Gleason%2C%20H%2E%20Allan%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Henry%20Gleason%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Gleason%2C%20Henry%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Henry%20Allan%20Gleason%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Henry%20A%2E%20Gleason%22%20OR%20title%3A%22H%2E%20A%2E%20Gleason%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Henry%20Gleason%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Henry%20Allan%20Gleason%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Henry%20A%2E%20Gleason%22%20OR%20description%3A%22H%2E%20A%2E%20Gleason%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Gleason%2C%20Henry%20Allan%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Gleason%2C%20Henry%20A%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Henry%20Gleason%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Gleason%2C%20Henry%22%29%20OR%20%28%221882-1975%22%20AND%20Gleason%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Henry A. Gleason</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_Botanical_Society_of_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_the_Botanical_Society_of_America" title="Template:Presidents of the Botanical Society of America"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_the_Botanical_Society_of_America" title="Template talk:Presidents of the Botanical Society of America"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_the_Botanical_Society_of_America" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of the Botanical Society of America"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_Botanical_Society_of_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Presidents of the <a href="/wiki/Botanical_Society_of_America" title="Botanical Society of America">Botanical Society of America</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1894–1924</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Trelease" title="William Trelease">William Trelease</a> (1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edwin_Bessey" title="Charles Edwin Bessey">Charles Edwin Bessey</a> (1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Merle_Coulter" title="John Merle Coulter">John Merle Coulter</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Lord_Britton" title="Nathaniel Lord Britton">Nathaniel Lord Britton</a> (1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Marcus_Underwood" title="Lucien Marcus Underwood">Lucien Marcus Underwood</a> (1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln_Robinson" title="Benjamin Lincoln Robinson">Benjamin Lincoln Robinson</a> (1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Halsted" title="Byron Halsted">Byron Halsted</a> (1900)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Charles_Arthur" title="Joseph Charles Arthur">Joseph Charles Arthur</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Thomas_Galloway" title="Beverly Thomas Galloway">Beverly Thomas Galloway</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Reid_Barnes" title="Charles Reid Barnes">Charles Reid Barnes</a> (1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Almer_Harper" title="Robert Almer Harper">Robert Almer Harper</a> (1904)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ashbrook_Kellerman" title="William Ashbrook Kellerman">William Ashbrook Kellerman</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Sumner_Earle" title="Franklin Sumner Earle">Franklin Sumner Earle</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Francis_Atkinson" title="George Francis Atkinson">George Francis Atkinson</a> (1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Francis_Ganong" title="William Francis Ganong">William Francis Ganong</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Thaxter" title="Roland Thaxter">Roland Thaxter</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Frink_Smith" title="Erwin Frink Smith">Erwin Frink Smith</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gilson_Farlow" title="William Gilson Farlow">William Gilson Farlow</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Ralph_Jones" title="Lewis Ralph Jones">Lewis Ralph Jones</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Houghton_Campbell" title="Douglas Houghton Campbell">Douglas Houghton Campbell</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._S._Hitchcock" title="A. S. Hitchcock">A. S. Hitchcock</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Merle_Coulter" title="John Merle Coulter">John Merle Coulter</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Almer_Harper" title="Robert Almer Harper">Robert Almer Harper</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Charles_Newcombe" title="Frederick Charles Newcombe">Frederick Charles Newcombe</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Trelease" title="William Trelease">William Trelease</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Charles_Arthur" title="Joseph Charles Arthur">Joseph Charles Arthur</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Lord_Britton" title="Nathaniel Lord Britton">Nathaniel Lord Britton</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Elmer_Allen" title="Charles Elmer Allen">Charles Elmer Allen</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Chandler_Cowles" title="Henry Chandler Cowles">Henry Chandler Cowles</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Minge_Duggar" title="Benjamin Minge Duggar">Benjamin Minge Duggar</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Chambers_Coker" title="William Chambers Coker">William Chambers Coker</a> (1924)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1925–1949</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_R._Schramm" title="Jacob R. Schramm">Jacob R. Schramm</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Hyde_Bailey" title="Liberty Hyde Bailey">Liberty Hyde Bailey</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Harris_Bartlett" title="Harley Harris Bartlett">Harley Harris Bartlett</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henry_Reginald_Buller" title="Arthur Henry Reginald Buller">Arthur Henry Reginald Buller</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Clay_Ferguson" title="Margaret Clay Ferguson">Margaret Clay Ferguson</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_W._Sharp" title="Lester W. Sharp">Lester W. Sharp</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Chamberlain" title="Charles Joseph Chamberlain">Charles Joseph Chamberlain</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_James_Peirce" title="George James Peirce">George James Peirce</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Jacob_Kraus" title="Ezra Jacob Kraus">Ezra Jacob Kraus</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._D._Merrill" class="mw-redirect" title="E. D. Merrill">E. D. Merrill</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aven_Nelson" title="Aven Nelson">Aven Nelson</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Stuart_Gager" title="C. Stuart Gager">C. Stuart Gager</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ware_Sinnott" title="Edmund Ware Sinnott">Edmund Ware Sinnott</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Johnson_Eames" title="Arthur Johnson Eames">Arthur Johnson Eames</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_McKay_Wiegand" title="Karl McKay Wiegand">Karl McKay Wiegand</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Nelson_Transeau" title="Edgar Nelson Transeau">Edgar Nelson Transeau</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Theodore_Buchholz" title="John Theodore Buchholz">John Theodore Buchholz</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merritt_Lyndon_Fernald" title="Merritt Lyndon Fernald">Merritt Lyndon Fernald</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jacob_Robbins" title="William Jacob Robbins">William Jacob Robbins</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Morgan_Smith" title="Gilbert Morgan Smith">Gilbert Morgan Smith</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Widmer_Bailey" title="Irving Widmer Bailey">Irving Widmer Bailey</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Everett_Stevens" title="Neil Everett Stevens">Neil Everett Stevens</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Erskine_Cleland" title="Ralph Erskine Cleland">Ralph Erskine Cleland</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Gleason_(botanist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry A. Gleason (botanist)">Henry Allan Gleason</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivey_Foreman_Lewis" title="Ivey Foreman Lewis">Ivey Foreman Lewis</a> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950–1974</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Francis_Blakeslee" title="Albert Francis Blakeslee">Albert Francis Blakeslee</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Esau" title="Katherine Esau">Katherine Esau</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Anderson" title="Edgar Anderson">Edgar Anderson</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_H._Wetmore" title="Ralph H. Wetmore">Ralph H. Wetmore</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriance_S._Foster" title="Adriance S. Foster">Adriance S. Foster</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Tippo" title="Oswald Tippo">Oswald Tippo</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Creighton" title="Harriet Creighton">Harriet Creighton</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sherman_Avery,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="George Sherman Avery, Jr.">George Sherman Avery, Jr.</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frits_Warmolt_Went" title="Frits Warmolt Went">Frits Warmolt Went</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Campbell_Steere" class="mw-redirect" title="William Campbell Steere">William Campbell Steere</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_V._Thimann" title="Kenneth V. Thimann">Kenneth V. Thimann</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_Cheadle" title="Vernon Cheadle">Vernon Cheadle</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Ledyard_Stebbins" title="G. Ledyard Stebbins">G. Ledyard Stebbins</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_John_Alexopoulos" title="Constantine John Alexopoulos">Constantine John Alexopoulos</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Kramer" title="Paul J. Kramer">Paul J. Kramer</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_John_Sharp" title="Aaron John Sharp">Aaron John Sharp</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Charles_Bold" title="Harold Charles Bold">Harold Charles Bold</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Emerson_(botanist)" title="Ralph Emerson (botanist)">Ralph Emerson</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Galston" title="Arthur Galston">Arthur Galston</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlan_Parker_Banks" title="Harlan Parker Banks">Harlan Parker Banks</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Constance" title="Lincoln Constance">Lincoln Constance</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Starr" title="Richard C. Starr">Richard C. Starr</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Heimsch" title="Charles Heimsch">Charles Heimsch</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cronquist" title="Arthur Cronquist">Arthur Cronquist</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Delevoryas" title="Theodore Delevoryas">Theodore Delevoryas</a> (1974)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1975–1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_H._Raven" title="Peter H. Raven">Peter H. Raven</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Frances_Palser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Frances Palser (page does not exist)">Barbara Frances Palser</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_H._Wagner" title="Warren H. Wagner">Warren H. Wagner</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_August_Jensen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William August Jensen (page does not exist)">William August Jensen</a> ( 1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_George_Baker" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert George Baker">Herbert George Baker</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bixler_Heiser" title="Charles Bixler Heiser">Charles Bixler Heiser</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Kern_Holmgren" title="Patricia Kern Holmgren">Patricia Kern Holmgren</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernest_M._Gifford,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernest M. Gifford, Jr. (page does not exist)">Ernest M. Gifford, Jr.</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_D._Webster" title="Barbara D. Webster">Barbara D. Webster</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Esther_Mathias" class="mw-redirect" title="Mildred Esther Mathias">Mildred Esther Mathias</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Louis_Stern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Louis Stern (page does not exist)">William Louis Stern</a> (1985–86)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_Franklin_Evert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ray Franklin Evert (page does not exist)">Ray Franklin Evert</a> (1986–87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Cotter_Tucker" title="Shirley Cotter Tucker">Shirley Cotter Tucker</a> (1987–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Hardy_Eshbaugh" title="W. Hardy Eshbaugh">W. Hardy Eshbaugh</a> (1988–89)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Leonard_Dilcher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Leonard Dilcher (page does not exist)">David Leonard Dilcher</a> (1989–90)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beryl_B._Simpson" title="Beryl B. Simpson">Beryl B. Simpson</a> (1990–91)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Louis_Culberson" title="William Louis Culberson">William Louis Culberson</a> (1991–92)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregory_Joseph_Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregory Joseph Anderson (page does not exist)">Gregory Joseph Anderson</a> (1992–93)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grady_Webster" title="Grady Webster">Grady Webster</a> (1993–94)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harry_T._Horner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harry T. Horner (page does not exist)">Harry T. Horner</a> (1994–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_A._Schaal" title="Barbara A. Schaal">Barbara A. Schaal</a> (1995–96)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Crawford_(botanist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Crawford (botanist) (page does not exist)">Daniel Crawford</a> (1996–97)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nancy_Dengler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nancy Dengler (page does not exist)">Nancy Dengler</a> (1997–98)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_C._Baskin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carol C. Baskin (page does not exist)">Carol C. Baskin</a> (1998–99)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_E._Soltis" title="Douglas E. Soltis">Douglas E. Soltis</a> (1999–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_G._Gensel" title="Patricia G. Gensel">Patricia G. Gensel</a> (2000–1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judy_Jernstedt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judy Jernstedt (page does not exist)">Judy Jernstedt</a> (2001–2)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scott_D._Russell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scott D. Russell (page does not exist)">Scott D. Russell</a> (2002–3)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_E._Graham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linda E. Graham (page does not exist)">Linda E. Graham</a> (2003–4)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allison_A._Snow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allison A. Snow (page does not exist)">Allison A. Snow</a> (2004–5)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_L._Schneider_(botanist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward L. Schneider (botanist) (page does not exist)">Edward L. Schneider</a> (2005–6)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_H._Haufler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher H. Haufler (page does not exist)">Christopher H. Haufler</a> (2006–7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamela_S._Soltis" title="Pamela S. Soltis">Pamela S. Soltis</a> (2007–8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_J._Niklas" title="Karl J. Niklas">Karl J. Niklas</a> (2008–9)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kent_Holsinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kent Holsinger (page does not exist)">Kent Holsinger</a> (2009–10)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judith_Skog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judith Skog (page does not exist)">Judith Skog</a> (2010–11)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_G._Weller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen G. Weller (page does not exist)">Stephen G. Weller</a> (2011–12)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Kellogg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Kellogg (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Kellogg</a> (2012–13)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pamela_Diggle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pamela Diggle (page does not exist)">Pamela Diggle</a> (2013–14)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tom_Ranker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tom Ranker (page does not exist)">Tom Ranker</a> (2014–15)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Olmstead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Olmstead (page does not exist)">Richard Olmstead</a> (2015–16)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_Uno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gordon Uno (page does not exist)">Gordon Uno</a> (2016–17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loren_Rieseberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Loren Rieseberg">Loren Rieseberg</a> (2017–18)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Wolfe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrea Wolfe (page does not exist)">Andrea Wolfe</a> (2018–19)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Watson_(botanist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linda Watson (botanist) (page does not exist)">Linda Watson</a> (2019–20)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cynthia_S._Jones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cynthia S. Jones (page does not exist)">Cynthia S. Jones</a> (2020–21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Donoghue" title="Michael Donoghue">Michael Donoghue</a> (2021–22)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vivian_Negron-Ortiz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vivian Negron-Ortiz (page does not exist)">Vivian Negron-Ortiz</a> (2022–23)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brenda_Molano-Flores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brenda Molano-Flores (page does not exist)">Brenda Molano-Flores</a> (2023–24)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Xiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jenny Xiang (page does not exist)">Jenny Xiang</a> (2024–2025)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1360735#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1360735#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1360735#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000110688804">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/67855678">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1459939/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpYqQHR4HwrdRWbDF8Hmd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/136838006">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83829415">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12479680w">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12479680w">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0196051&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069147582">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007277239605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/ipni/advAuthorSearch.do?find_abbreviation=Gleason">International Plant Names Index</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd136838006.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/151170487">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6ns131q">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&oldid=1250403681">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&oldid=1250403681</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_ecologists" title="Category:American ecologists">American ecologists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ecological_succession" title="Category:Ecological succession">Ecological succession</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1882_births" title="Category:1882 births">1882 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1975_deaths" title="Category:1975 deaths">1975 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_taxonomists" title="Category:American taxonomists">American taxonomists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:New_York_Botanical_Garden" title="Category:New York Botanical Garden">New York Botanical Garden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Torrey_Botanical_Society_members" title="Category:Torrey Botanical Society members">Torrey Botanical Society members</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_Michigan_faculty" title="Category:University of Michigan faculty">University of Michigan faculty</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_Illinois_Urbana-Champaign_alumni" title="Category:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign alumni">University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Columbia_Graduate_School_of_Arts_and_Sciences_alumni" title="Category:Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni">Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_botanists" title="Category:20th-century American botanists">20th-century American botanists</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Botanists_with_author_abbreviations" title="Category:Botanists with author abbreviations">Botanists with author abbreviations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Project_Gutenberg_links" title="Category:Articles with Project Gutenberg links">Articles with Project Gutenberg links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Internet_Archive_links" title="Category:Articles with Internet Archive links">Articles with Internet Archive links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 10 October 2024, at 06:22<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_A._Gleason&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-zw2dd","wgBackendResponseTime":159,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.587","walltime":"0.862","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2843,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":59331,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3304,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":40919,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":4,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 722.981 1 -total"," 24.49% 177.028 1 Template:Infobox_scientist"," 14.67% 106.048 1 Template:Cite_Q"," 13.09% 94.629 3 Template:Citation"," 12.88% 93.124 1 Template:Presidents_of_the_Botanical_Society_of_America"," 12.50% 90.390 1 Template:Botanist"," 12.34% 89.201 1 Template:Navbox"," 9.82% 70.996 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.26% 59.688 1 Template:Gutenberg_author"," 6.22% 44.981 2 Template:Pagetype"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.415","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7689825,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"1 1 Henry Gleason\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-xvj4r","timestamp":"20241122155332","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Henry A. Gleason","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_A._Gleason","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1360735","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1360735","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-01-15T00:57:20Z","dateModified":"2024-10-10T06:22:37Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6d\/Henry_A._Gleason.jpg","headline":"American ecologist (1882-1975)"}</script> </body> </html>