CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Central African Republic - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"6115be34-93f4-4857-9ffb-2bcfacc34639","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Central_African_Republic","wgTitle":"Central African Republic","wgCurRevisionId":1275255210,"wgRevisionId":1275255210,"wgArticleId":5478,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles containing Sango-language text","Pages with Sango IPA","Articles containing French-language text","Pages with French IPA","Webarchive template wayback links","Webarchive template other archives","Articles with French-language sources (fr)","CS1 French-language sources (fr)","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from August 2022", "Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022","All articles containing potentially dated statements","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021","Wikipedia articles in need of updating from December 2022","All Wikipedia articles in need of updating","Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010","Articles prone to spam from June 2020","Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata","Pages using Sister project links with default search","Coordinates on Wikidata","Central African Republic","French-speaking countries and territories","Landlocked countries","Least developed countries","Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie","Member states of the African Union","Member states of the United Nations","Republics","States and territories established in 1960","Central African countries", "1960 establishments in the Central African Republic","Countries in Africa","Observer states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Central_African_Republic","wgRelevantArticleId":5478,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":100000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":7,"lon":21},"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q929","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=[ "ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/1200px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/800px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="533"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/640px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Central African Republic - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Central_African_Republic rootpage-Central_African_Republic skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Central+African+Republic" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Central+African+Republic" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Central+African+Republic" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Central+African+Republic" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-16th–19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#16th–19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>16th–19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-16th–19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French_colonial_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French_colonial_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>French colonial period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French_colonial_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Since_independence_(1960–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Since_independence_(1960–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Since independence (1960–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Since_independence_(1960–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bokassa_and_the_Central_African_Empire_(1965–1979)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bokassa_and_the_Central_African_Empire_(1965–1979)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Bokassa and the Central African Empire (1965–1979)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bokassa_and_the_Central_African_Empire_(1965–1979)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_African_Republic_under_Kolingba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_African_Republic_under_Kolingba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Central African Republic under Kolingba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_African_Republic_under_Kolingba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Patassé_government_(1993–2003)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Patassé_government_(1993–2003)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Patassé government (1993–2003)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Patassé_government_(1993–2003)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civil_wars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_wars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.4</span> <span>Civil wars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_wars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Touadéra_government_(2016–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Touadéra_government_(2016–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.5</span> <span>Touadéra government (2016–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Touadéra_government_(2016–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biodiversity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biodiversity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Biodiversity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biodiversity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government and politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Executive_branch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive_branch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Executive branch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive_branch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_branch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_branch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Legislative branch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_branch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judicial_branch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judicial_branch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Judicial branch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judicial_branch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Foreign relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Foreign_aid_and_UN_involvement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_aid_and_UN_involvement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.1</span> <span>Foreign aid and UN involvement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_aid_and_UN_involvement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Human rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Energy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>Communications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle External links subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Overviews" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overviews"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Overviews</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overviews-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-News" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#News"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>News</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-News-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.3</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Central African Republic</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 241 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-241" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">241 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Afrika_Teungoh" title="Republik Afrika Teungoh – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Republik Afrika Teungoh" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8D_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8D" title="Гурыт Африкэ Республикэ – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Гурыт Африкэ Республикэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentraal-Afrikaanse_Republiek" title="Sentraal-Afrikaanse Republiek – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sentraal-Afrikaanse Republiek" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentralafrikanische_Republik" title="Zentralafrikanische Republik – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Zentralafrikanische Republik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%98%E1%8A%AB%E1%8A%A8%E1%88%88%E1%8A%9B%E1%8B%8D_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%AB_%E1%88%AA%E1%8D%90%E1%89%A5%E1%88%8A%E1%8A%AD" title="የመካከለኛው አፍሪካ ሪፐብሊክ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የመካከለኛው አፍሪካ ሪፐብሊክ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosk%C3%A2-Afrik_t%C3%A4siv%C3%A4ldi" title="Koskâ-Afrik täsiväldi – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Koskâ-Afrik täsiväldi" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="मध्य अफ्रीकी गणराज्य – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मध्य अफ्रीकी गणराज्य" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middel_Affricanisc_Cynew%C4%ABse" title="Middel Affricanisc Cynewīse – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Middel Affricanisc Cynewīse" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%99%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африкагәҭантәи Ареспублика – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Африкагәҭантәи Ареспублика" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89" title="جمهورية إفريقيا الوسطى – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمهورية إفريقيا الوسطى" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Centroafricana" title="Republica Centroafricana – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Republica Centroafricana" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A9%DC%98%DC%9B%DC%A2%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%90%DC%A6%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%A9%DC%90_%DC%A1%DC%A8%DC%A5%DC%9D%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܕܐܦܪܝܩܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Chendroafrican%C3%A3" title="Republica Chendroafricanã – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Republica Chendroafricanã" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8publica_centrafriqu%C3%A8na" title="Rèpublica centrafriquèna – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Rèpublica centrafriquèna" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Centroafricana" title="República Centroafricana – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="República Centroafricana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tavakuairet%C3%A3_Mbyteafrikagua" title="Tavakuairetã Mbyteafrikagua – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tavakuairetã Mbyteafrikagua" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99rk%C9%99zi_Afrika_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="Mərkəzi Afrika Respublikası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mərkəzi Afrika Respublikası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%92%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="اوْرتا آفریقا جومهوریتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوْرتا آفریقا جومهوریتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publik_Afrika_Tengah" title="Républik Afrika Tengah – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Républik Afrika Tengah" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%9Bma_Afrika_Fasojamana" title="Cɛma Afrika Fasojamana – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Cɛma Afrika Fasojamana" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="মধ্য আফ্রিকান প্রজাতন্ত্র – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মধ্য আফ্রিকান প্রজাতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripublik_Aprika_Tangah" title="Ripublik Aprika Tangah – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Ripublik Aprika Tangah" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiong-hui_Ki%C5%8Dng-h%C3%B4-kok" title="Tiong-hui Kiōng-hô-kok – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiong-hui Kiōng-hô-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Afrika_Tengah" title="Republik Afrika Tengah – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Republik Afrika Tengah" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D2%99%D3%99%D0%BA_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Үҙәк Африка Республикаһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Үҙәк Африка Республикаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Цэнтральна-Афрыканская Рэспубліка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цэнтральна-Афрыканская Рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Цэнтральна-Афрыканская Рэспубліка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цэнтральна-Афрыканская Рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="सेंट्रल अफ्रीका रिपब्लिक – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सेंट्रल अफ्रीका रिपब्लिक" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentral_na_Aprikanong_Republika" title="Sentral na Aprikanong Republika – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sentral na Aprikanong Republika" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripablik_blong_Sentrol_Afrika" title="Ripablik blong Sentrol Afrika – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Ripablik blong Sentrol Afrika" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Централноафриканска република – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Централноафриканска република" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentralafrikanische_Republik" title="Zentralafrikanische Republik – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Zentralafrikanische Republik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A8%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BE%A5%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%80%E0%BC%8D" title="དབུས་ཨ་ཧྥེ་རི་ཁན་རི་པཔ་ལིཀ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དབུས་ཨ་ཧྥེ་རི་ཁན་རི་པཔ་ལིཀ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednjoafri%C4%8Dka_Republika" title="Srednjoafrička Republika – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Srednjoafrička Republika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Kreizafrikan" title="Republik Kreizafrikan – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Republik Kreizafrikan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%B1_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Түб Африкын Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Түб Африкын Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Centreafricana" title="República Centreafricana – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="República Centreafricana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunga-tungang_Aprikanhong_Republika" title="Tunga-tungang Aprikanhong Republika – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tunga-tungang Aprikanhong Republika" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C5%99edoafrick%C3%A1_republika" title="Středoafrická republika – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Středoafrická republika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Centroafricana" title="República Centroafricana – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="República Centroafricana" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudhende_rwe_Afurika_Yepakati" title="Rudhende rwe Afurika Yepakati – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Rudhende rwe Afurika Yepakati" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_di_Centru_Africa" title="Republica di Centru Africa – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Republica di Centru Africa" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gweriniaeth_Canolbarth_Affrica" title="Gweriniaeth Canolbarth Affrica – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gweriniaeth Canolbarth Affrica" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralafrikanske_Republik" title="Centralafrikanske Republik – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Centralafrikanske Republik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="جمهورية وسط إفريقيا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="جمهورية وسط إفريقيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaska-Afrihk%C3%A1_d%C3%A1ssev%C3%A1ldi" title="Gaska-Afrihká dásseváldi – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Gaska-Afrihká dásseváldi" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentralafrikanische_Republik" title="Zentralafrikanische Republik – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zentralafrikanische Republik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%AC%DE%8B%DE%AA%DE%8C%DE%AC%DE%83%DE%AD_%DE%87%DE%AC%DE%8A%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%86%DE%A7%DE%8E%DE%AC_%DE%96%DE%AA%DE%89%DE%B0%DE%80%DE%AB%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%B0%DE%94%DE%A7" title="މެދުތެރޭ އެފްރިކާގެ ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މެދުތެރޭ އެފްރިކާގެ ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naakaii_%C5%81izhinii_Bik%C3%A9yah_Be%CA%BCa%C5%82n%C3%AD%C3%AD%CA%BC" title="Naakaii Łizhinii Bikéyah Beʼałnííʼ – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Naakaii Łizhinii Bikéyah Beʼałnííʼ" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralnoafrika%C5%84ska_republika" title="Centralnoafrikańska republika – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Centralnoafrikańska republika" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मध्य अफ्रिकी गणतन्त्र – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="मध्य अफ्रिकी गणतन्त्र" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesk-Aafrika_Vabariik" title="Kesk-Aafrika Vabariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kesk-Aafrika Vabariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B1%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Κεντροαφρικανική Δημοκρατία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κεντροαφρικανική Δημοκρατία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Centroafricana" title="República Centroafricana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="República Centroafricana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centr-Afrika_Respubliko" title="Centr-Afrika Respubliko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Centr-Afrika Respubliko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAbrica_Centroafricana" title="Repúbrica Centroafricana – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Repúbrica Centroafricana" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrika_Erdiko_Errepublika" title="Afrika Erdiko Errepublika – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Afrika Erdiko Errepublika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titina_Afrika" title="Titina Afrika – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Titina Afrika" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="جمهوری آفریقای مرکزی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری آفریقای مرکزی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B0afrikal%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0" title="Miðafrikalýðveldið – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Miðafrikalýðveldið" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_centrafricaine" title="République centrafricaine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République centrafricaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sintraal-Afrikaanske_Republyk" title="Sintraal-Afrikaanske Republyk – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sintraal-Afrikaanske Republyk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santarafirik" title="Santarafirik – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Santarafirik" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poblacht_na_hAfraice_L%C3%A1ir" title="Poblacht na hAfraice Láir – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Poblacht na hAfraice Láir" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobblaght_yn_Affrick_Veanagh" title="Pobblaght yn Affrick Veanagh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Pobblaght yn Affrick Veanagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkez_Afrika_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="Merkez Afrika Respublikası – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Merkez Afrika Respublikası" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poblachd_Meadhan_Afraga" title="Poblachd Meadhan Afraga – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Poblachd Meadhan Afraga" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Centroafricana" title="República Centroafricana – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="República Centroafricana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BBng-f%C3%AE_Khiung-f%C3%B2-koet" title="Chûng-fî Khiung-fò-koet – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chûng-fî Khiung-fò-koet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%95%99%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="중앙아프리카 공화국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중앙아프리카 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afirka_ta_Tsakiya_(%C6%99asa)" title="Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa) – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A1%D6%86%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Կենտրոնաաֆրիկյան Հանրապետություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կենտրոնաաֆրիկյան Հանրապետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="मध्य अफ़्रीकी गणराज्य – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मध्य अफ़्रीकी गणराज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralnoafriska_republika" title="Centralnoafriska republika – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Centralnoafriska republika" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednjoafri%C4%8Dka_Republika" title="Srednjoafrička Republika – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Srednjoafrička Republika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrafrika" title="Centrafrika – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Centrafrika" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_ti_Tengnga_nga_Aprika" title="Republika ti Tengnga nga Aprika – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Republika ti Tengnga nga Aprika" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" title="মধ্য আফ্রিকা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মধ্য আফ্রিকা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrika_Tengah" title="Afrika Tengah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Afrika Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Centroafrican" title="Republica Centroafrican – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Republica Centroafrican" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Centralafrican" title="Republica Centralafrican – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Republica Centralafrican" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%C3%A6%D0%B9%D1%8B_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%C3%A6" title="Централон Африкæйы Республикæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Централон Африкæйы Республикæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B0-Afr%C3%ADkul%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0" title="Mið-Afríkulýðveldið – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mið-Afríkulýðveldið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica_Centrafricana" title="Repubblica Centrafricana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica Centrafricana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%96-%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA" title="הרפובליקה המרכז-אפריקאית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הרפובליקה המרכז-אפריקאית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publik_Afrika_Tengah" title="Républik Afrika Tengah – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Républik Afrika Tengah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santrafriki" title="Santrafriki – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Santrafriki" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF" title="ಮಧ್ಯ ಆಫ್ರಿಕಾದ ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಧ್ಯ ಆಫ್ರಿಕಾದ ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikang_Sentroafrik%C3%A1nu" title="Republikang Sentroafrikánu – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Republikang Sentroafrikánu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ара-Африкан Республика – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Ара-Африкан Республика" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ცენტრალური აფრიკის რესპუბლიკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცენტრალური აფრიკის რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Орталық Африка Республикасы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Орталық Африка Республикасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repoblek_Afrika_Kres" title="Repoblek Afrika Kres – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Repoblek Afrika Kres" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubulika_ya_Santara_Afurika" title="Repubulika ya Santara Afurika – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Repubulika ya Santara Afurika" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamhuri_ya_Afrika_ya_Kati" title="Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubilika_ya_Afelika_ya_Kati" title="Repubilika ya Afelika ya Kati – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Repubilika ya Afelika ya Kati" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avafrika" title="Avafrika – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Avafrika" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repiblik_santafrik" title="Repiblik santafrik – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Repiblik santafrik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9piblik_santrafrikenn" title="Répiblik santrafrikenn – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Répiblik santrafrikenn" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komara_Afr%C3%AEkaya_Navend" title="Komara Afrîkaya Navend – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Komara Afrîkaya Navend" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Борбордук Африка Республикасы – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Борбордук Африка Республикасы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Покшал Африка Республика – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Покшал Африка Республика" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_dl_Z%C3%ABnter_Africa" title="Republica dl Zënter Africa – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Republica dl Zënter Africa" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repuvlika_Sentroafrikana" title="Repuvlika Sentroafrikana – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Repuvlika Sentroafrikana" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94_%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%9F%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%87" title="ສາທາລະນະລັດ ອາຟຣິກາກາງ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສາທາລະນະລັດ ອາຟຣິກາກາງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Res_publica_Africae_Mediae" title="Res publica Africae Mediae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Res publica Africae Mediae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centr%C4%81l%C4%81frikas_Republika" title="Centrālāfrikas Republika – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Centrālāfrikas Republika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentralafrikanesch_Republik" title="Zentralafrikanesch Republik – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Zentralafrikanesch Republik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Юкьван-Африкадин Республика – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Юкьван-Африкадин Республика" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrin%C4%97s_Afrikos_Respublika" title="Centrinės Afrikos Respublika – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Centrinės Afrikos Respublika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubbrica_Centro-Africann-a" title="Repubbrica Centro-Africann-a – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Repubbrica Centro-Africann-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraol-Afrikaanse_Rippubliek" title="Centraol-Afrikaanse Rippubliek – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Centraol-Afrikaanse Rippubliek" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santrafil%C3%ADka" title="Santrafilíka – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Santrafilíka" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentrafrica" title="Sentrafrica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sentrafrica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keski_Afriekan_Tazavaldu" title="Keski Afriekan Tazavaldu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Keski Afriekan Tazavaldu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BCblica_Centrafricana" title="Repüblica Centrafricana – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Repüblica Centrafricana" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6z%C3%A9p-afrikai_K%C3%B6zt%C3%A1rsas%C3%A1g" title="Közép-afrikai Köztársaság – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Közép-afrikai Köztársaság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Централноафриканска Република – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Централноафриканска Република" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repoblikan%27_i_Afrika_Afovoany" title="Repoblikan' i Afrika Afovoany – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Repoblikan' i Afrika Afovoany" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="മദ്ധ്യ ആഫ്രിക്കൻ റിപ്പബ്ലിക്ക് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മദ്ധ്യ ആഫ്രിക്കൻ റിപ്പബ്ലിക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblika_%C4%8Aentru-Afrikana" title="Repubblika Ċentru-Afrikana – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Repubblika Ċentru-Afrikana" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te_Puku_o_%C4%80wherika" title="Te Puku o Āwherika – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Te Puku o Āwherika" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="मध्य आफ्रिकेचे प्रजासत्ताक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मध्य आफ्रिकेचे प्रजासत्ताक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ცენტრალური აფრიკაშ რესპუბლიკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ცენტრალური აფრიკაშ რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89" title="افريقيا الوسطى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="افريقيا الوسطى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7" title="میونی آفریقا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="میونی آفریقا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Afrika_Tengah" title="Republik Afrika Tengah – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Republik Afrika Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Afrika_Tangah" title="Republik Afrika Tangah – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Republik Afrika Tangah" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%B9%B3%CC%86ng-h%C4%AD_G%C3%AA%CC%A4%E1%B9%B3ng-hu%C3%B2-gu%C3%B3k" title="Dṳ̆ng-hĭ Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dṳ̆ng-hĭ Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Centro-Africana" title="República Centro-Africana – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="República Centro-Africana" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Кучкань Африконь Республикась – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Кучкань Африконь Республикась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B2_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%B3%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Төв Африкийн Бүгд Найрамдах Улс – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Төв Африкийн Бүгд Найрамдах Улс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%96%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%9E%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%99%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဗဟိုအာဖရိကသမ္မတနိုင်ငံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗဟိုအာဖရိကသမ္မတနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraal-Afrikaanse_Republiek" title="Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-Afrikaanse_Reppubliek" title="Mid-Afrikaanse Reppubliek – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Mid-Afrikaanse Reppubliek" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मध्य अफ्रिकी गणतन्त्र – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मध्य अफ्रिकी गणतन्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中央アフリカ共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中央アフリカ共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%D1%83_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Йуккъерчу Африкин Республика – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Йуккъерчу Африкин Республика" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madelaafrikoons_Republiik" title="Madelaafrikoons Republiik – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Madelaafrikoons Republiik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentril_Afrekan_Repablik" title="Sentril Afrekan Repablik – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Sentril Afrekan Repablik" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_sentralafrikanske_republikk" title="Den sentralafrikanske republikk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den sentralafrikanske republikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_sentralafrikanske_republikken" title="Den sentralafrikanske republikken – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den sentralafrikanske republikken" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentral_Afrikani_Republike" title="Sentral Afrikani Republike – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Sentral Afrikani Republike" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrafrica" title="Centrafrica – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Centrafrica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B2_%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%AB%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8_%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95" title="ସେଣ୍ଟ୍ରାଲ ଆଫ୍ରିକାନ ରିପବ୍ଲିକ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସେଣ୍ଟ୍ରାଲ ଆଫ୍ରିକାନ ରିପବ୍ଲିକ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaa_Giddu_Galeessaa" title="Afrikaa Giddu Galeessaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Afrikaa Giddu Galeessaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markaziy_Afrika_Respublikasi" title="Markaziy Afrika Respublikasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Markaziy Afrika Respublikasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A7_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C" title="ਮੱਧ ਅਫਰੀਕੀ ਗਣਰਾਜ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੱਧ ਅਫਰੀਕੀ ਗਣਰਾਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="केन्द्रीय अफ्रीका गणराज्य – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="केन्द्रीय अफ्रीका गणराज्य" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="وچکارلا افریقی لوک راج – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="وچکارلا افریقی لوک راج" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Sentral_Afrikano" title="Republika Sentral Afrikano – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Republika Sentral Afrikano" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="مرکزي افريقا جمهوريت – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مرکزي افريقا جمهوريت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senchral_Afrikan_Ripoblik" title="Senchral Afrikan Ripoblik – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Senchral Afrikan Ripoblik" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B" title="សាធារណរដ្ឋអាហ្វ្រិកកណ្តាល – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សាធារណរដ្ឋអាហ្វ្រិកកណ្តាល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blica_Sentrafrican-a" title="Repùblica Sentrafrican-a – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Repùblica Sentrafrican-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentraalafrikaansche_Republiek" title="Zentraalafrikaansche Republiek – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Zentraalafrikaansche Republiek" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_%C5%9Arodkowoafryka%C5%84ska" title="Republika Środkowoafrykańska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Republika Środkowoafrykańska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Centro-Africana" title="República Centro-Africana – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="República Centro-Africana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orayl%C4%B1q_Afrika_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="Oraylıq Afrika Respublikası – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Oraylıq Afrika Respublikası" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkeziy_Afrika" title="Merkeziy Afrika – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Merkeziy Afrika" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Centrafrican%C4%83" title="Republica Centrafricană – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Republica Centrafricană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chawpi_Aphrika_Ripuwlika" title="Chawpi Aphrika Ripuwlika – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chawpi Aphrika Ripuwlika" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Середнёафрицька републіка – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Середнёафрицька републіка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Центральноафриканская Республика – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Центральноафриканская Республика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D3%A8%D1%80%D3%A9%D1%81%D0%BF%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B1%D2%AF%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Киин Африка Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Киин Африка Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_african_republic" title="Central african republic – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Central african republic" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripapelika_Aferika_i_Tutotonu" title="Ripapelika Aferika i Tutotonu – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Ripapelika Aferika i Tutotonu" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="केन्द्रीय अफ्रीका गणराज्यम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="केन्द्रीय अफ्रीका गणराज्यम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6d%C3%B6r%C3%B6s%C3%AAse_t%C3%AE_B%C3%AAafr%C3%AEka" title="Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F_%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1_%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9C_%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%9B" title="ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blica_Tzentrafricana" title="Repùblica Tzentrafricana – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Repùblica Tzentrafricana" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_african_republic" title="Central african republic – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Central african republic" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentroalafrikoanske_Republik" title="Zentroalafrikoanske Republik – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Zentroalafrikoanske Republik" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_e_Afrik%C3%ABs_Qendrore" title="Republika e Afrikës Qendrore – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Republika e Afrikës Qendrore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripubblica_Centrafricana" title="Ripubblica Centrafricana – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ripubblica Centrafricana" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BA" title="මධ්‍යම අප්‍රිකානු ජනරජය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මධ්‍යම අප්‍රිකානු ජනරජය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%BD%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%BE%D8%A8%D9%84%DA%AA" title="سينٽرل آفريڪن ريپبلڪ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سينٽرل آفريڪن ريپبلڪ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umkhatsi_we-Afrikha" title="Umkhatsi we-Afrikha – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Umkhatsi we-Afrikha" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stredoafrick%C3%A1_republika" title="Stredoafrická republika – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Stredoafrická republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednjeafri%C5%A1ka_republika" title="Srednjeafriška republika – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Srednjeafriška republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strzodkowoafrika%C5%84sko_Republika" title="Strzodkowoafrikańsko Republika – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Strzodkowoafrikańsko Republika" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamhuuriyadda_Bartamaha_Afrika" title="Jamhuuriyadda Bartamaha Afrika – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Jamhuuriyadda Bartamaha Afrika" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="کۆماری ئەفریقای ناوەندی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆماری ئەفریقای ناوەندی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Централноафричка Република – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Централноафричка Република" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralnoafri%C4%8Dka_Republika" title="Centralnoafrička Republika – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Centralnoafrička Republika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publik_Afrika_Tengah" title="Républik Afrika Tengah – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Républik Afrika Tengah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keski-Afrikan_tasavalta" title="Keski-Afrikan tasavalta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Keski-Afrikan tasavalta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralafrikanska_republiken" title="Centralafrikanska republiken – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Centralafrikanska republiken" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_ng_Gitnang_Aprika" title="Republika ng Gitnang Aprika – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Republika ng Gitnang Aprika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="மத்திய ஆப்பிரிக்கக் குடியரசு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மத்திய ஆப்பிரிக்கக் குடியரசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagduda_n_Tfriqt_Tanammast" title="Tagduda n Tfriqt Tanammast – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tagduda n Tfriqt Tanammast" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagduda_n_Tefriqt_Talemmast" title="Tagduda n Tefriqt Talemmast – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tagduda n Tefriqt Talemmast" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%B7%D3%99%D0%BA_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Үзәк Африка Җөмһүрияте – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Үзәк Африка Җөмһүрияте" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B8%E1%80%BD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%81%B8%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88_%E1%80%A2%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%81%BE%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%81%B5_%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%81%A2%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="မိူင်းၸွမ်ပွင်ၸိုင်ႈ ဢႃႇၾရိၵ ပွတ်းၵၢင် – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၸွမ်ပွင်ၸိုင်ႈ ဢႃႇၾရိၵ ပွတ်းၵၢင်" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_african_republic" title="Central african republic – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Central african republic" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="మధ్య ఆఫ్రికా గణతంత్రం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మధ్య ఆఫ్రికా గణతంత్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="สาธารณรัฐแอฟริกากลาง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐแอฟริกากลาง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paank%C9%94c_Ci%C9%9Bl_de_Apir%C3%AFka" title="Paankɔc Ciɛl de Apirïka – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Paankɔc Ciɛl de Apirïka" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AA%E1%8D%93%E1%89%A5%E1%88%8A%E1%8A%AD_%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%A5%E1%8A%A8%E1%88%8B%E1%8B%AD_%E1%8A%A3%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%AA%E1%89%83" title="ሪፓብሊክ ማእከላይ ኣፍሪቃ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሪፓብሊክ ማእከላይ ኣፍሪቃ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D1%83%D0%BC%D2%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D3%A3" title="Ҷумҳурии Африқои Марказӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷумҳурии Африқои Марказӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%AC%E1%8E%BF%E1%8E%A8%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%9B_%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%B0%E1%8F%9F_%E1%8F%8D%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%9A%E1%8E%A9" title="ᎬᎿᎨᏍᏛ ᎠᏰᏟ ᏍᎦᏚᎩ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎬᎿᎨᏍᏛ ᎠᏰᏟ ᏍᎦᏚᎩ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_Afrika_Cumhuriyeti" title="Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkezi_Afrika_Respublikasy" title="Merkezi Afrika Respublikasy – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Merkezi Afrika Respublikasy" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шор Африкаысь Республика – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шор Африкаысь Республика" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Центральноафриканська Республіка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Центральноафриканська Республіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="وسطی افریقی جمہوریہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وسطی افریقی جمہوریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%AA%DB%87%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%82%D8%A7_%D8%AC%DB%87%D9%85%DA%BE%DB%87%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%D9%89%D8%AA%D9%89" title="ئوتتۇرا ئافرىقا جۇمھۇرىيىتى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئوتتۇرا ئافرىقا جۇمھۇرىيىتى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunghfeih_Gunghozgoz" title="Cunghfeih Gunghozgoz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Cunghfeih Gunghozgoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blega_Sentrafricana" title="Repùblega Sentrafricana – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Repùblega Sentrafricana" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keskafrikan_Tazovaldkund" title="Keskafrikan Tazovaldkund – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Keskafrikan Tazovaldkund" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B2a_Trung_Phi" title="Cộng hòa Trung Phi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cộng hòa Trung Phi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A4noda-Frikop" title="Zänoda-Frikop – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Zänoda-Frikop" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesk-Afriga_Vabariik" title="Kesk-Afriga Vabariik – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kesk-Afriga Vabariik" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E" title="中非 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="中非" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_han_Butnga_nga_Aprika" title="Republika han Butnga nga Aprika – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Republika han Butnga nga Aprika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9ewum_Diggu_Afrig" title="Réewum Diggu Afrig – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Réewum Diggu Afrig" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中非共和國 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="中非共和國" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrika_Wale_Xikarhi" title="Afrika Wale Xikarhi – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Afrika Wale Xikarhi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7" title="צענטראל-אפריקאנישע רעפובליק – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="צענטראל-אפריקאנישע רעפובליק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Or%C3%ADl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80-%C3%A8d%C3%A8_Ol%C3%B3m%C3%ACnira_%C3%80rin_%C3%81fr%C3%ADk%C3%A0" title="Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中非共和國 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="中非共和國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumhuriyet%C3%AA_Afrika_Miyan%C3%AAne" title="Cumhuriyetê Afrika Miyanêne – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Cumhuriyetê Afrika Miyanêne" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraol-Afrikaonse_Rippebliek" title="Centraol-Afrikaonse Rippebliek – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Centraol-Afrikaonse Rippebliek" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%97ntr%C4%97n%C4%97s_Afr%C4%97kas_Respobl%C4%97ka" title="Cėntrėnės Afrėkas Respoblėka – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Cėntrėnės Afrėkas Respoblėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中非共和國 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="中非共和國" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiblik_Aprika_Tenga" title="Kiblik Aprika Tenga – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kiblik Aprika Tenga" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Central African Republic" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mijon%C9%99_Afrik%C9%99_Ki%C5%A1v%C9%99r" title="Mijonə Afrikə Kišvər – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Mijonə Afrikə Kišvər" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B3%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B7%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%87%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q929#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Central_African_Republic" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Central_African_Republic" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Central_African_Republic" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&oldid=1275255210" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Central_African_Republic&id=1275255210&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCentral_African_Republic"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCentral_African_Republic"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Central_African_Republic&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_centrafricaine" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Central_African_Republic" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q929" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Central_African_Republic&params=7_N_21_E_type:country_region:CF"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">7°N</span> <span class="longitude">21°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">7°N 21°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">7; 21</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Country in Central Africa</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the geographical region, see <a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central Africa</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"CAR" redirects here. For the region in the Philippines, see <a href="/wiki/Cordillera_Administrative_Region" title="Cordillera Administrative Region">Cordillera Administrative Region</a>. For the motor vehicle, see <a href="/wiki/Car" title="Car">Car</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Car_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Car (disambiguation)">Car (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Central African Republic</div><div class="ib-country-names"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span title="Sango-language text"><i lang="sg">Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Sango_language" title="Sango language">Sango</a>)</span></li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">République centrafricaine</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Central African Republic"><img alt="Flag of the Central African Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Flag of the Central African Republic">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Central African Republic"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Central African Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="713" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Coat of arms of the Central African Republic"> Coat of arms</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto: </b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span title="Sango-language text"><i lang="sg">"Zo Kwe Zo"</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Sango_language" title="Sango language">Sango</a>)</span></li> <li>"All people are people"</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">"Unité, Dignité, Travail"</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>)</span></li> <li>"Unity, Dignity, Work"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span title="Sango-language text"><i lang="sg">E Zingo</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(Sango)</span></li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/La_Renaissance" title="La Renaissance">La Renaissance</a></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(French)</span></li> <li>"The Renaissance"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_African_Republic_(centered_orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Central_African_Republic_%28centered_orthographic_projection%29.svg/220px-Central_African_Republic_%28centered_orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Central_African_Republic_%28centered_orthographic_projection%29.svg/330px-Central_African_Republic_%28centered_orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Central_African_Republic_%28centered_orthographic_projection%29.svg/440px-Central_African_Republic_%28centered_orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none" data-switcher-default="">Show globe</span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_Central_African_Republic_AU_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Location_Central_African_Republic_AU_Africa.svg/250px-Location_Central_African_Republic_AU_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Location_Central_African_Republic_AU_Africa.svg/375px-Location_Central_African_Republic_AU_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Location_Central_African_Republic_AU_Africa.svg/500px-Location_Central_African_Republic_AU_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1300" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Africa</span></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital<div class="ib-country-largest">and largest city</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Central_African_Republic&params=4_22_N_18_35_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°22′N</span> <span class="longitude">18°35′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.367°N 18.583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">4.367; 18.583</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sango_language" title="Sango language">Sango</a> <small>(co-official)</small><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="ib-country-lang">Recognised national languages</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sango_language" title="Sango language">Sango</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">Ethnic groups</a> <div class="ib-country-ethnic"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baggara" class="mw-redirect" title="Baggara">Baggara Arabs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Baka_people_(Cameroon_and_Gabon)" title="Baka people (Cameroon and Gabon)">Baka</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Banda_people" title="Banda people">Banda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Aka_people" title="Aka people">Bayaka</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Fula_people" title="Fula people">Fula</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gula_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Gula People">Gula</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gbaya_people" title="Gbaya people">Gbaya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kara_people" title="Kara people">Kara</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kresh_people" title="Kresh people">Kresh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mbaka_people" title="Mbaka people">Mbaka</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mandja_people" title="Mandja people">Mandja</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ngbandi_people" title="Ngbandi people">Ngbandi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Runga_people" title="Runga people">Runga</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sara_people" title="Sara people">Sara</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Vidiri_people" title="Vidiri people">Vidiri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wodaabe" title="Wodaabe">Wodaabe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Yakoma_people" title="Yakoma people">Yakoma</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Yulu_people" title="Yulu people">Yulu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kanuri_people" title="Kanuri people">Kanuri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Zande_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Zande people">Zande</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Central_African_Republic#Ethnic_groups" title="Demographics of the Central African Republic">other</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"> (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="white-space:nowrap;">73.2% <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">13.9% <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Central African Republic">Islam</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">12.0% <a href="/wiki/African_Traditional_Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="African Traditional Religion">traditional faiths</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">0.9% <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Religion in the Central African Republic">other</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">none</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Demographics of the Central African Republic">Central African</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Politics of the Central African Republic">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">presidential</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of heads of state of the Central African Republic">President</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra" title="Faustin-Archange Touadéra">Faustin-Archange Touadéra</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of heads of government of the Central African Republic">Prime Minister</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Moloua" title="Félix Moloua">Félix Moloua</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_National_Assembly_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the National Assembly of the Central African Republic">President of the National Assembly</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Simplice_Sarandji" title="Simplice Sarandji">Simplice Sarandji</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Central_African_Republic)" title="National Assembly (Central African Republic)">National Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Independence" title="Independence">Independence</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Republic established </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1 December 1958</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• from <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">13 August 1960</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Empire" title="Central African Empire">Central African Empire</a> established </div></th><td class="infobox-data">4 December 1976</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Bokassa_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronation of Bokassa I">Coronation of Bokassa I</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">4 December 1977</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Operation_Caban" title="Operation Caban">Bokassa I's overthrow and republic restored</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">21 September 1979</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Geography of the Central African Republic">Area </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">622,984 km<sup>2</sup> (240,535 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">44th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Demographics of the Central African Republic">Population</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2024 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,650,957<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">119th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7.1/km<sup>2</sup> (18.4/sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">221st</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $5.678 billion<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.CF_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.CF-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">170th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $1,109<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.CF_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.CF-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">190th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $2.760 billion<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.CF_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.CF-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">182nd</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $539<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.CF_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.CF-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">191st</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2021)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 43<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#707070">medium inequality</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2022)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.387<sup id="cite_ref-UNHDR_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNHDR-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:red">low</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">191st</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_CFA_franc" title="Central African CFA franc">Central African CFA franc</a> (XAF)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+1</span> (<a href="/wiki/West_Africa_Time" title="West Africa Time">WAT</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date format</th><td class="infobox-data">dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Drives on</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Right<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Telephone numbers in the Central African Republic">Calling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%2B236" class="mw-redirect" title="+236">+236</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CF" title="ISO 3166-2:CF">CF</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.cf" title=".cf">.cf</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Central African Republic</b> (<b>CAR</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Landlocked_country" title="Landlocked country">landlocked country</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central Africa</a>. It is bordered by <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> to <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93Chad_border" title="Central African Republic–Chad border">the north</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> to <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93Sudan_border" title="Central African Republic–Sudan border">the northeast</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a> to <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93South_Sudan_border" title="Central African Republic–South Sudan border">the east</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> to <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_border" title="Central African Republic–Democratic Republic of the Congo border">the south</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a> to <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93Republic_of_the_Congo_border" title="Central African Republic–Republic of the Congo border">the southwest</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cameroon%E2%80%93Central_African_Republic_border" title="Cameroon–Central African Republic border">the west</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a> is the country's capital and largest city, bordering the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Central African Republic covers a land area of about 620,000 square kilometres (240,000 sq mi). As of 2024, it has a population of 5,357,744, and is in the scene of a <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Civil_War" title="Central African Republic Civil War">civil war</a>, which has been ongoing since 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having been a <a href="/wiki/Ubangi-Shari" title="Ubangi-Shari">French colony</a> under the name <b>Ubangi-Shari</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> is the official language, with <a href="/wiki/Sango_language" title="Sango language">Sango</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Ngbandi_language" title="Ngbandi language">Ngbandi</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">creole language</a>, as the national and co-<a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">official language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Central African Republic mainly consists of Sudano-Guinean <a href="/wiki/Savanna" title="Savanna">savanna</a>, but the country also includes a <a href="/wiki/Sahel" title="Sahel">Sahelo</a>-<a href="/wiki/East_Sudanian_savanna" title="East Sudanian savanna">Sudanian</a> zone in the north and an <a href="/wiki/Northern_Congolian_forest-savanna_mosaic" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic">equatorial forest zone</a> in the south. Two-thirds of the country is within the <a href="/wiki/Ubangi_River" title="Ubangi River">Ubangi River</a> basin (which flows into the <a href="/wiki/Congo_River" title="Congo River">Congo</a>), while the remaining third lies in the basin of the <a href="/wiki/Chari_River" title="Chari River">Chari</a>, which flows into <a href="/wiki/Lake_Chad" title="Lake Chad">Lake Chad</a>. </p><p>What is today the Central African Republic has been inhabited since at least 8,000 BCE. The country's borders were established by France, which began annexing portions to the <a href="/wiki/French_Congo" title="French Congo">French Congo</a> in the late 19th century and in 1903 established the separate colony of <a href="/wiki/Ubangi-Shari" title="Ubangi-Shari">Ubangi-Shari</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/French_Equatorial_Africa" title="French Equatorial Africa">French Equatorial Africa</a>. After gaining independence from France in 1960, the Central African Republic was ruled by a series of autocratic leaders, including under <a href="/wiki/Jean-Bedel_Bokassa" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Bedel Bokassa">Jean-Bedel Bokassa</a> who changed the country's name to the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Empire" title="Central African Empire">Central African Empire</a> and ruled as a monarch from 1976 to 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-Bokassa_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bokassa-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the 1990s, calls for democracy led to the first multi-party democratic elections in 1993. <a href="/wiki/Ange-F%C3%A9lix_Patass%C3%A9" title="Ange-Félix Patassé">Ange-Félix Patassé</a> became president, but was later removed by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boziz%C3%A9" title="François Bozizé">General François Bozizé</a> in a <a href="/wiki/2003_Central_African_Republic_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2003 Central African Republic coup d'état">2003 coup</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Bush_War" title="Central African Republic Bush War">Central African Republic Bush War</a> began in 2004 and, despite a peace treaty in 2007 and another in 2011, civil war resumed in 2012. The civil war perpetuated the country's poor <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Human rights in the Central African Republic">human rights record</a>: it was characterized by widespread and increasing abuses by various participating armed groups, such as arbitrary imprisonment, torture, and restrictions on freedom of the press and freedom of movement. </p><p>Despite its significant <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">mineral</a> deposits and other resources, such as <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> reserves, <a href="/wiki/Crude_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Crude oil">crude oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diamond" title="Diamond">diamonds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt">cobalt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">lumber</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hydropower" title="Hydropower">hydropower</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as significant quantities of <a href="/wiki/Arable_land" title="Arable land">arable land</a>, the Central African Republic is among the ten poorest countries in the world, with the lowest <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> per capita at purchasing power parity in the world as of 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_2017_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF_2017-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, according to the <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> (HDI), the country had the third-lowest level of human development, ranking 191 out of 193 countries. The country had the second lowest <a href="/wiki/Inequality-adjusted_Human_Development_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index">inequality-adjusted Human Development Index</a> (IHDI), ranking 164th out of 165 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-HDI_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDI-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Central African Republic is also estimated to be the unhealthiest country<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as the worst country in which to be young.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Central African Republic is a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, the <a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Economic_Community_of_Central_African_States" title="Economic Community of Central African States">Economic Community of Central African States</a>, the <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Organisation internationale de la Francophonie</a></span></span> and the <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name of the Central African Republic is derived from the country's geographical location in the central region of Africa and its republican form of government. From 1976 to 1979, the country was known as the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Empire" title="Central African Empire">Central African Empire</a>. </p><p>During the colonial era, the country's name was <a href="/wiki/Ubangi-Shari" title="Ubangi-Shari">Ubangi-Shari</a> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Oubangui-Chari</i>), a name derived from two major rivers and Central African <a href="/wiki/Waterway" title="Waterway">waterways</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ubangi_River" title="Ubangi River">Ubangi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chari_River" title="Chari River">Chari</a>. <a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy_Boganda" title="Barthélemy Boganda">Barthélemy Boganda</a>, the country's first <a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of heads of government of the Central African Republic">prime minister</a>, favored the name "Central African Republic" over Ubangi-Shari, reportedly because he envisioned <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_Latin_Africa" title="United States of Latin Africa">a larger union of countries</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="History of the Central African Republic">History of the Central African Republic</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bouar_Megaliths_stamp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Bouar_Megaliths_stamp.jpg/170px-Bouar_Megaliths_stamp.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Bouar_Megaliths_stamp.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Bouar" title="Bouar">Bouar</a> Megaliths, pictured here on a 1967 Central African stamp, date back to the very late Neolithic Era (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 3500–2700 BCE</span>).</figcaption></figure> <p>Approximately 10,000 years ago, <a href="/wiki/Desertification" title="Desertification">desertification</a> forced <a href="/wiki/Hunter-gatherer" title="Hunter-gatherer">hunter-gatherer</a> societies south into the Sahel regions of northern Central Africa, where some groups settled.<sup id="cite_ref-Eastern_Africa_2011,_pg._4_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eastern_Africa_2011,_pg._4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farming began as part of the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution" title="Neolithic Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initial farming of <a href="/wiki/Dioscorea_rotundata" class="mw-redirect" title="Dioscorea rotundata">white yam</a> progressed into <a href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">millet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sorghum" title="Sorghum">sorghum</a>, and before 3000<span class="nowrap"> </span>BCE<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the domestication of <a href="/wiki/Elaeis_guineensis" title="Elaeis guineensis">African oil palm</a> improved the groups' nutrition and allowed for expansion of the local populations.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This agricultural revolution, combined with a "Fish-stew Revolution", in which fishing began to take place and the use of boats, allowed for the transportation of goods. Products were often moved in <a href="/wiki/Ceramic" title="Ceramic">ceramic</a> pots.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bouar" title="Bouar">Bouar Megaliths</a> in the western region of the country indicate an advanced level of habitation dating back to the very late <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic Era</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 3500–2700 BCE</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ferrous_metallurgy" title="Ferrous metallurgy">Ironwork</a> developed in the region around 1000<span class="nowrap"> </span>BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ubangian_languages" title="Ubangian languages">Ubangian people</a> settled along the <a href="/wiki/Ubangi_River" title="Ubangi River">Ubangi River</a> in what is today the Central and East Central African Republic while some <a href="/wiki/Bantu_peoples" title="Bantu peoples">Bantu people</a> migrated from the southwest of <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">Bananas</a> arrived in the region during the first millennium BCE<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and added an important source of carbohydrates to the diet; they were also used in the production of <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_beverages" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic beverages">alcoholic beverages</a>. Production of <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salt" title="Salt">salt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dried_fish" title="Dried fish">dried fish</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Textiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Textiles">textiles</a> dominated the economic trade in the Central African region.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="16th–19th_century"><span id="16th.E2.80.9319th_century"></span>16th–19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 16th–19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sultan_and_his_wives_at_Bangassou,_1906.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Sultan_and_his_wives_at_Bangassou%2C_1906.png/220px-Sultan_and_his_wives_at_Bangassou%2C_1906.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Sultan_and_his_wives_at_Bangassou%2C_1906.png/330px-Sultan_and_his_wives_at_Bangassou%2C_1906.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Sultan_and_his_wives_at_Bangassou%2C_1906.png/440px-Sultan_and_his_wives_at_Bangassou%2C_1906.png 2x" data-file-width="536" data-file-height="394" /></a><figcaption>The Sultan of <a href="/wiki/Bangassou" title="Bangassou">Bangassou</a> and his wives, 1906</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 16th and 17th centuries, <a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery" title="History of slavery">slave traders</a> began to raid the region as part of the expansion of the Saharan and Nile River slave routes. Their captives were enslaved and shipped to the Mediterranean coast, Europe, Arabia, the Western Hemisphere, or to the slave ports and factories along the West and North Africa or South along the Ubangui and Congo rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-africanhistory.about.com_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-africanhistory.about.com-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 18th century Bandia-Nzakara <a href="/wiki/Azande" class="mw-redirect" title="Azande">Azande</a> peoples established the <a href="/wiki/Bangassou" title="Bangassou">Bangassou</a> Kingdom along the <a href="/wiki/Ubangi_River" title="Ubangi River">Ubangi River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-africanhistory.about.com_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-africanhistory.about.com-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the mid 19th century, the <a href="/wiki/Bangi_language" title="Bangi language">Bobangi people</a> became major slave traders and sold their captives to the Americas using the Ubangi river to reach the coast.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1875, the <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudanese</a> sultan <a href="/wiki/Rabih_az-Zubayr" title="Rabih az-Zubayr">Rabih az-Zubayr</a> governed Upper-Oubangui, which included present-day Central African Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="French_colonial_period">French colonial period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: French colonial period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Ubangi-Shari" title="Ubangi-Shari">Ubangi-Shari</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Equatorial_Africa" title="French Equatorial Africa">French Equatorial Africa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Colonialism_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Colonialism in the Central African Republic">Colonialism in the Central African Republic</a></div> <p>The European invasion of Central African territory began in the late 19th century during the <a href="/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa" title="Scramble for Africa">Scramble for Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Europeans, primarily the French, <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">Germans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Belgians" title="Belgians">Belgians</a>, arrived in the area in 1885. France seized and colonized <a href="/wiki/Ubangi-Shari" title="Ubangi-Shari">Ubangi-Shari</a> territory in 1894. In 1911 at the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fez" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Fez">Treaty of Fez</a>, France ceded a nearly 300,000 km<sup>2</sup> portion of the Sangha and Lobaye basins to the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> which ceded a smaller area (in present-day <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a>) to France. After <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> France again annexed the territory. Modeled on <a href="/wiki/Leopold_II_of_Belgium" title="Leopold II of Belgium">King Leopold</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Congo_Free_State" title="Congo Free State">Congo Free State</a>, concessions were doled out to private companies that endeavored to strip the region's assets as quickly and cheaply as possible before depositing a percentage of their profits into the French treasury. The concessionary companies <a href="/wiki/Corv%C3%A9e" title="Corvée">forced local people</a> to harvest rubber, coffee, and other commodities without pay and held their families hostage until they met their quotas.<sup id="cite_ref-fp1015_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fp1015-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:De_Gaulle_Bangui_1940.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/De_Gaulle_Bangui_1940.jpg/220px-De_Gaulle_Bangui_1940.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/De_Gaulle_Bangui_1940.jpg/330px-De_Gaulle_Bangui_1940.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/De_Gaulle_Bangui_1940.jpg/440px-De_Gaulle_Bangui_1940.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1037" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> in Bangui, 1940</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1920, <a href="/wiki/French_Equatorial_Africa" title="French Equatorial Africa">French Equatorial Africa</a> was established and Ubangi-Shari was administered from <a href="/wiki/Brazzaville" title="Brazzaville">Brazzaville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Francophone_Africa_1997,_pg._111_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Francophone_Africa_1997,_pg._111-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1920s and 1930s the French introduced a policy of mandatory cotton cultivation,<sup id="cite_ref-Francophone_Africa_1997,_pg._111_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Francophone_Africa_1997,_pg._111-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a network of roads were built, attempts were made to combat <a href="/wiki/African_trypanosomiasis" title="African trypanosomiasis">sleeping sickness</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> <a href="/wiki/Mission_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mission (Christianity)">missions</a> were established to spread Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New forms of forced labour were also introduced and a large number of Ubangians were sent to work on the <a href="/wiki/Congo-Ocean_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Congo-Ocean Railway">Congo-Ocean Railway</a>. Through the period of construction until 1934 there was a continual heavy cost in human lives, with total deaths among all workers along the railway estimated in excess of 17,000 of the construction workers, from a combination of both industrial accidents and diseases including <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1928, a major insurrection, the <a href="/wiki/Kongo-Wara_rebellion" title="Kongo-Wara rebellion">Kongo-Wara rebellion</a> or 'war of the hoe handle', broke out in Western Ubangi-Shari and continued for several years. The extent of this insurrection, which was perhaps the largest anti-colonial rebellion in Africa during the interwar years, was carefully hidden from the French public because it provided evidence of strong opposition to French colonial rule and forced labour.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> French colonization in Oubangui-Chari is considered to be the most brutal of the French colonial Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 1940, during the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">pro-Gaullist</a> French officers took control of Ubangi-Shari and <a href="/wiki/General_Leclerc" class="mw-redirect" title="General Leclerc">General Leclerc</a> established his headquarters for the <a href="/wiki/Free_French_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Free French Forces">Free French Forces</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1946 <a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy_Boganda" title="Barthélemy Boganda">Barthélemy Boganda</a> was elected with 9,000 votes to the <a href="/wiki/French_National_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="French National Assembly">French National Assembly</a>, becoming the first representative of the Central African Republic in the French government. Boganda maintained a political stance against racism and the colonial regime but gradually became disheartened with the French political system and returned to the Central African Republic to establish the <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_the_Social_Evolution_of_Black_Africa" title="Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa">Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa</a> (<i>Mouvement pour l'évolution sociale de l'Afrique noire</i>, MESAN) in 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Since_independence_(1960–present)"><span id="Since_independence_.281960.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Since independence (1960–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Since independence (1960–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/1957_Ubangi-Shari_parliamentary_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1957 Ubangi-Shari parliamentary election">Ubangi-Shari Territorial Assembly election</a> in 1957, MESAN captured 347,000 out of the total 356,000 votes<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and won every legislative seat,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which led to Boganda being elected president of the Grand Council of <a href="/wiki/French_Equatorial_Africa" title="French Equatorial Africa">French Equatorial Africa</a> and vice-president of the Ubangi-Shari Government Council.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within a year, he declared the establishment of the Central African Republic and served as the country's first prime minister. MESAN continued to exist, but its role was limited.<sup id="cite_ref-Kalck2005p136_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kalck2005p136-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Central African Republic was granted autonomy within the French Community on 1 December 1958, a status which meant it was still counted as part of the French Empire in Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Boganda's death in a plane crash on 29 March 1959, his cousin, <a href="/wiki/David_Dacko" title="David Dacko">David Dacko</a>, took control of MESAN. Dacko became the country's first president when the Central African Republic formally received <a href="/wiki/Independence" title="Independence">independence</a> from France at midnight on 13 August 1960, a date celebrated by the country's <a href="/wiki/List_of_national_independence_days" title="List of national independence days">Independence Day</a> holiday.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dacko threw out his political rivals, including <a href="/wiki/Abel_Goumba" title="Abel Goumba">Abel Goumba</a>, former Prime Minister and leader of <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Evolution_Movement_of_Central_Africa" title="Democratic Evolution Movement of Central Africa">Mouvement d'évolution démocratique de l'Afrique centrale</a> (MEDAC), whom he forced into exile in France. With all opposition parties suppressed by November 1962, Dacko declared MESAN as the official party of the state.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bokassa_and_the_Central_African_Empire_(1965–1979)"><span id="Bokassa_and_the_Central_African_Empire_.281965.E2.80.931979.29"></span>Bokassa and the Central African Empire (1965–1979)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bokassa and the Central African Empire (1965–1979)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Empire" title="Central African Empire">Central African Empire</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bokassa_with_Ceausescu_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bokassa_with_Ceausescu_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Bokassa_with_Ceausescu_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="368" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bokassa_with_Ceausescu_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Bokassa_with_Ceausescu_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bokassa_with_Ceausescu_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Bokassa_with_Ceausescu_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="864" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jean-B%C3%A9del_Bokassa" title="Jean-Bédel Bokassa">Jean-Bédel Bokassa</a>, self-crowned <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Central_Africa" title="Emperor of Central Africa">Emperor of Central Africa</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bokassa_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bokassa-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>On 31 December 1965, Dacko was overthrown in the <a href="/wiki/Saint-Sylvestre_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Saint-Sylvestre coup d'état">Saint-Sylvestre coup d'état</a> by Colonel <a href="/wiki/Jean-B%C3%A9del_Bokassa" title="Jean-Bédel Bokassa">Jean-Bédel Bokassa</a>, who suspended the constitution and dissolved the National Assembly. President Bokassa declared himself President for Life in 1972 and named himself Emperor Bokassa I of the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Empire" title="Central African Empire">Central African Empire</a> (as the country was renamed) on 4 December 1976. A year later, Emperor Bokassa crowned himself in an expensive ceremony.<sup id="cite_ref-Bokassa_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bokassa-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1979, young students protested against Bokassa's decree that all school pupils were required to buy uniforms from a company owned by one of his wives. The government violently suppressed the protests, killing 100 children and teenagers. Bokassa might have been personally involved in some of the killings.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 1979, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Caban" title="Operation Caban">France overthrew Bokassa</a> and restored Dacko to power (subsequently restoring the official name of the country and the original government to the Central African Republic). Dacko, in turn, was again overthrown in a <a href="/wiki/1981_Central_African_Republic_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1981 Central African Republic coup d'état">coup</a> by General <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Kolingba" title="André Kolingba">André Kolingba</a> on 1 September 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Central_African_Republic_under_Kolingba">Central African Republic under Kolingba</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Central African Republic under Kolingba"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kolingba suspended the constitution and ruled with a <a href="/wiki/Military_junta" title="Military junta">military junta</a> until 1985. He introduced a new constitution in 1986 which was adopted by a nationwide referendum. Membership in his new party, the <a href="/wiki/Rassemblement_D%C3%A9mocratique_Centrafricain" class="mw-redirect" title="Rassemblement Démocratique Centrafricain">Rassemblement Démocratique Centrafricain</a> (RDC), was voluntary. In 1987 and 1988, semi-free elections to parliament were held, but Kolingba's two major political opponents, <a href="/wiki/Abel_Goumba" title="Abel Goumba">Abel Goumba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ange-F%C3%A9lix_Patass%C3%A9" title="Ange-Félix Patassé">Ange-Félix Patassé</a>, were not allowed to participate.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1990, inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Berlin_Wall" title="Fall of the Berlin Wall">fall of the Berlin Wall</a>, a pro-democracy movement arose. Pressure from the United States, France, and from a group of locally represented countries and agencies called GIBAFOR (France, the US, Germany, Japan, the EU, the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>) finally led Kolingba to agree, in principle, to hold free elections in October 1992 with help from the UN Office of Electoral Affairs. After using the excuse of alleged irregularities to suspend the results of the elections as a pretext for holding on to power, President Kolingba came under intense pressure from GIBAFOR to establish a "Conseil National Politique Provisoire de la République" (Provisional National Political Council, CNPPR) and to set up a "Mixed Electoral Commission", which included representatives from all political parties.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When a second round of elections were finally held in 1993, again with the help of the international community coordinated by GIBAFOR, Ange-Félix Patassé won in the second round of voting with 53% of the vote while Goumba won 45.6%. Patassé's party, the <i>Mouvement pour la Libération du Peuple Centrafricain</i> (MLPC) or Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People, gained a <a href="/wiki/Plurality_voting" title="Plurality voting">plurality</a> (relative majority) but not an <a href="/wiki/Majority" title="Majority">absolute majority</a> of seats in parliament, which meant Patassé's party required coalition partners.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Patassé_government_(1993–2003)"><span id="Patass.C3.A9_government_.281993.E2.80.932003.29"></span>Patassé government (1993–2003)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Patassé government (1993–2003)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Patassé purged many of the Kolingba elements from the government and Kolingba supporters accused Patassé's government of conducting a "<a href="/wiki/Witch-hunt#Figurative_use_of_the_term" class="mw-redirect" title="Witch-hunt">witch hunt</a>" against the Yakoma. A new constitution was approved on 28 December 1994 but had little impact on the country's politics. In 1996–1997, reflecting steadily decreasing public confidence in the government's erratic behavior, three <a href="/wiki/Mutiny" title="Mutiny">mutinies</a> against Patassé's administration were accompanied by widespread destruction of property and heightened ethnic tension. During this time (1996), the <a href="/wiki/Peace_Corps" title="Peace Corps">Peace Corps</a> evacuated all its volunteers to neighboring Cameroon. To date, the Peace Corps has not returned to the Central African Republic. The <a href="/wiki/Bangui_Agreements" title="Bangui Agreements">Bangui Agreements</a>, signed in January 1997, provided for the deployment of an inter-African military mission, to the Central African Republic and re-entry of ex-mutineers into the government on 7 April 1997. The inter-African military mission was later replaced by a U.N. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1159" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1159">peacekeeping force (MINURCA)</a>. Since 1997, the country has hosted almost a dozen peacekeeping interventions, earning it the title of "world champion of peacekeeping".<sup id="cite_ref-fp1015_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fp1015-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1998, parliamentary elections resulted in Kolingba's RDC winning 20 out of 109 seats. The next year, however, in spite of widespread public anger in urban centers over his corrupt rule, Patassé won a second term in the presidential election.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 28 May 2001, rebels stormed strategic buildings in Bangui in an <a href="/wiki/2001_Central_African_Republic_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 Central African Republic coup d'état attempt">unsuccessful coup attempt</a>. The army chief of staff, Abel Abrou, and General François N'Djadder Bedaya were killed, but Patassé regained the upper hand by bringing in at least 300 troops of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congolese</a> rebel leader <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Bemba" title="Jean-Pierre Bemba">Jean-Pierre Bemba</a> and Libyan soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/2001_Central_African_Republic_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 Central African Republic coup d'état attempt">failed coup</a>, militias loyal to Patassé sought revenge against rebels in many neighborhoods of <a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a> and incited unrest including the murder of many political opponents. Eventually, Patassé came to suspect that General <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boziz%C3%A9" title="François Bozizé">François Bozizé</a> was involved in another coup attempt against him, which led Bozizé to flee with loyal troops to Chad. In March 2003, Bozizé launched a surprise attack against Patassé, who was out of the country. Libyan troops and some 1,000 soldiers of Bemba's Congolese rebel organization failed to stop the rebels and Bozizé's forces succeeded in overthrowing Patassé.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Civil_wars">Civil wars</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Civil wars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rebel_in_northern_CAR_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Rebel_in_northern_CAR_01.jpg/220px-Rebel_in_northern_CAR_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Rebel_in_northern_CAR_01.jpg/330px-Rebel_in_northern_CAR_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Rebel_in_northern_CAR_01.jpg/440px-Rebel_in_northern_CAR_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Rebel militia in the northern countryside, 2007</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Bush_War" title="Central African Republic Bush War">Central African Republic Bush War</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Civil_War" title="Central African Republic Civil War">Central African Republic Civil War</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boziz%C3%A9" title="François Bozizé">François Bozizé</a> suspended the constitution and named a new cabinet, which included most opposition parties. <a href="/wiki/Abel_Goumba" title="Abel Goumba">Abel Goumba</a> was named vice-president. Bozizé established a broad-based National Transition Council to draft a new constitution, and announced that he would step down and run for office once the new constitution was approved.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Bush_War" title="Central African Republic Bush War">Central African Republic Bush War</a> began as forces opposed to Bozizé took up arms against his government. In May 2005, Bozizé won the presidential election, which excluded Patassé, and in 2006 fighting continued between the government and the rebels.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2006, Bozizé's government requested French military support to help them repel rebels who had taken control of towns in the country's northern regions.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc20061114_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc20061114-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though the initial public details of the agreement pertained to logistics and intelligence, by December the French assistance included airstrikes by <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mirage_2000" title="Dassault Mirage 2000">Dassault Mirage 2000</a> fighters against rebel positions.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bbc20061130_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc20061130-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Syrte Agreement in February and the Birao Peace Agreement in April 2007 called for a cessation of hostilities, the billeting of <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Front_of_the_Central_African_People" title="Democratic Front of the Central African People">FDPC</a> fighters and their integration with FACA, the liberation of political prisoners, the integration of FDPC into government, an amnesty for the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Democratic_Forces_for_Unity" title="Union of Democratic Forces for Unity">UFDR</a>, its recognition as a political party, and the integration of its fighters into the national army. Several groups continued to fight but other groups signed on to the agreement or similar agreements with the government (e.g., UFR on 15 December 2008). The only major group not to sign an agreement at the time was the <a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Patriots_for_Justice_and_Peace" title="Convention of Patriots for Justice and Peace">CPJP</a>, which continued its activities and signed a peace agreement with the government on 25 August 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Bozizé was reelected in an election which was widely considered fraudulent.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2012, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9l%C3%A9ka" title="Séléka">Séléka</a>, a coalition of rebel groups, took over towns in the northern and central regions of the country. These groups eventually reached a peace deal with Bozizé's government in January 2013, involving a power-sharing government.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deal later broke down, and the rebels seized the capital in March 2013 and Bozizé fled the country.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn20130324_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn20130324-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyt20130325_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt20130325-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Refugees_of_the_fighting_in_the_Central_African_Republic_observe_Rwandan_soldiers_being_dropped_off_at_Bangui_M%27Poko_International_Airport_in_the_Central_African_Republic_Jan._19,_2014_140119-F-RN211-760.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Refugees_of_the_fighting_in_the_Central_African_Republic_observe_Rwandan_soldiers_being_dropped_off_at_Bangui_M%27Poko_International_Airport_in_the_Central_African_Republic_Jan._19%2C_2014_140119-F-RN211-760.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Refugees_of_the_fighting_in_the_Central_African_Republic_observe_Rwandan_soldiers_being_dropped_off_at_Bangui_M%27Poko_International_Airport_in_the_Central_African_Republic_Jan._19%2C_2014_140119-F-RN211-760.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Refugees_of_the_fighting_in_the_Central_African_Republic_observe_Rwandan_soldiers_being_dropped_off_at_Bangui_M%27Poko_International_Airport_in_the_Central_African_Republic_Jan._19%2C_2014_140119-F-RN211-760.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="3693" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Refugee" title="Refugee">Refugees</a> of the fighting in the Central African Republic, January 2014</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Michel_Djotodia" title="Michel Djotodia">Michel Djotodia</a> took over as president. Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Tiangaye" title="Nicolas Tiangaye">Nicolas Tiangaye</a> requested a <a href="/wiki/UN" class="mw-redirect" title="UN">UN</a> peacekeeping force from the <a href="/wiki/UN_Security_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Security Council">UN Security Council</a> and on 31 May former President Bozizé was indicted for crimes against humanity and incitement to genocide.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of the year, there were international warnings of a "genocide"<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and fighting was largely reprisal attacks on civilians by Seleka's predominantly Muslim fighters and Christian militias called "<a href="/wiki/Anti-balaka" title="Anti-balaka">anti-balaka</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-GuardianNov13_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardianNov13-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By August 2013, there were reports of over 200,000 <a href="/wiki/Internally_displaced_persons" class="mw-redirect" title="Internally displaced persons">internally displaced persons</a> (IDPs).<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">French President</a> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande" title="François Hollande">François Hollande</a> called on the <a href="/wiki/UN_Security_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Security Council">UN Security Council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a> to increase their efforts to stabilize the country. On 18 February 2014, <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> Secretary-General <a href="/wiki/Ban_Ki-moon" title="Ban Ki-moon">Ban Ki-moon</a> called on the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">UN Security Council</a> to immediately deploy 3,000 troops to the country, bolstering the 6,000 African Union soldiers and 2,000 French troops already in the country, to combat civilians being murdered in large numbers. The <i>Séléka</i> government was said to be divided,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in September 2013, Djotodia officially disbanded Seleka, but many rebels refused to disarm, becoming known as ex-Seleka, and veered further out of government control.<sup id="cite_ref-GuardianNov13_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardianNov13-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is argued that the focus of the initial disarmament efforts exclusively on the Seleka inadvertently handed the anti-Balaka the upper hand, leading to the forced displacement of Muslim civilians by anti-Balaka in Bangui and western Central African Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-fp1015_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fp1015-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 January 2014, Michael Djotodia and Nicolas Tiengaye resigned as part of a deal negotiated at a regional summit in neighboring <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Samba-Panza" title="Catherine Samba-Panza">Catherine Samba-Panza</a> was elected interim president by the National Transitional Council,<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> becoming the first ever female Central African president. On 23 July 2014, following Congolese mediation efforts, Séléka and anti-balaka representatives signed a ceasefire agreement in <a href="/wiki/Brazzaville" title="Brazzaville">Brazzaville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of 2014, the country was de facto partitioned with the anti-Balaka in the southwest and ex-Seleka in the northeast.<sup id="cite_ref-fp1015_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fp1015-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2015, <a href="/wiki/Samantha_Power" title="Samantha Power">Samantha Power</a>, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, said 417 of the country's 436 mosques had been destroyed, and Muslim women were so scared of going out in public they were giving birth in their homes instead of going to the hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 14 December 2015, Séléka rebel leaders declared an independent <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Logone" title="Republic of Logone">Republic of Logone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Touadéra_government_(2016–present)"><span id="Touad.C3.A9ra_government_.282016.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Touadéra government (2016–present)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Touadéra government (2016–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:War_in_Central_African_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/War_in_Central_African_Republic.svg/220px-War_in_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/War_in_Central_African_Republic.svg/330px-War_in_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/War_in_Central_African_Republic.svg/440px-War_in_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1606" data-file-height="1109" /></a><figcaption>Current military situation in Central African Republic</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%9316_Central_African_general_election" title="2015–16 Central African general election">Presidential elections</a> were held in December 2015. As no candidate received more than 50% of the vote, a second round of elections was held on 14 February 2016 with run-offs on 31 March 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the second round of voting, former Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra" title="Faustin-Archange Touadéra">Faustin-Archange Touadéra</a> was declared the winner with 63% of the vote, defeating <a href="/wiki/Union_for_Central_African_Renewal" title="Union for Central African Renewal">Union for Central African Renewal</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Anicet-Georges_Dologu%C3%A9l%C3%A9" title="Anicet-Georges Dologuélé">Anicet-Georges Dologuélé</a>, another former Prime Minister.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the elections suffered from many potential voters being absent as they had taken refuge in other countries, the fears of widespread violence were ultimately unfounded, and the <a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a> regarded the elections as successful.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Touadéra was sworn in on 30 March 2016. No representatives of the Seleka rebel group or the "anti-balaka" militias were included in the subsequently formed government.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the end of Touadéra's first term, <a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Central_African_general_election" title="2020–21 Central African general election">presidential elections</a> were held on 27 December 2020 with a possible second round planned for 14 February 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former president <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boziz%C3%A9" title="François Bozizé">François Bozizé</a> announced his candidacy on 25 July 2020 but was rejected by the Constitutional Court of the country, which held that Bozizé did not satisfy the "good morality" requirement for candidates because of an international warrant and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> sanctions against him for alleged assassinations, torture and other crimes.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As large parts of the country were at the time controlled by armed groups, the election could not be conducted in many areas of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some 800 of the country's polling stations, or 14% of the total, were closed due to violence.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundian</a> peacekeepers were killed and an additional two were wounded during the run-up to the election.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UNNews_261220_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNNews_261220-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Faustin-Archange Touadéra was reelected in the first round of the election in December 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Russian mercenaries from the <a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner Group</a> have supported President Faustin-Archange Touadéra in the fight against rebels. Russia's Wagner group has been accused of harassing and intimidating civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2022, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Cohen" title="Roger Cohen">Roger Cohen</a> wrote in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, "<a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner</a> shock troops form a Praetorian Guard for Mr. Touadéra, who is also protected by Rwandan forces, in return for an untaxed license to exploit and export the Central African Republic's resources" and "one Western ambassador called the Central African Republic...a 'vassal state' of the Kremlin."<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Geography of the Central African Republic">Geography of the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Republique_Centrafricaine_-_Boali_-_Chutes_de_Boali.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Republique_Centrafricaine_-_Boali_-_Chutes_de_Boali.jpg/220px-Republique_Centrafricaine_-_Boali_-_Chutes_de_Boali.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Republique_Centrafricaine_-_Boali_-_Chutes_de_Boali.jpg/330px-Republique_Centrafricaine_-_Boali_-_Chutes_de_Boali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Republique_Centrafricaine_-_Boali_-_Chutes_de_Boali.jpg/440px-Republique_Centrafricaine_-_Boali_-_Chutes_de_Boali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2368" data-file-height="3567" /></a><figcaption>Falls of Boali on the Mbali River.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CARvillagefromthesky.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/CARvillagefromthesky.jpg/220px-CARvillagefromthesky.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/CARvillagefromthesky.jpg/330px-CARvillagefromthesky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/CARvillagefromthesky.jpg/440px-CARvillagefromthesky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>A village in the Central African Republic</figcaption></figure> <p>The Central African Republic is a landlocked nation within the interior of the African continent. It is bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Republic of the Congo. The country lies between latitudes <a href="/wiki/2nd_parallel_north" title="2nd parallel north">2°</a> and <a href="/wiki/11th_parallel_north" title="11th parallel north">11°N</a>, and longitudes <a href="/wiki/14th_meridian_east" title="14th meridian east">14°</a> and <a href="/wiki/28th_meridian_east" title="28th meridian east">28°E</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Much of the country consists of flat or rolling plateau <a href="/wiki/Savanna" title="Savanna">savanna</a> approximately 500 metres (1,640 ft) above <a href="/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level">sea level</a>. In addition to the Fertit Hills in the northeast of the Central African Republic, there are scattered hills in the southwest regions. In the northwest is the Yade Massif, a <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a> plateau with an altitude of 348 metres (1,143 ft). The Central African Republic contains six terrestrial ecoregions: <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Congolian_lowland_forests" title="Northeastern Congolian lowland forests">Northeastern Congolian lowland forests</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Congolian_lowland_forests" title="Northwestern Congolian lowland forests">Northwestern Congolian lowland forests</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Congolian_swamp_forests" title="Western Congolian swamp forests">Western Congolian swamp forests</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Sudanian_savanna" title="East Sudanian savanna">East Sudanian savanna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Congolian_forest-savanna_mosaic" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic">Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sahelian_Acacia_savanna" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahelian Acacia savanna">Sahelian Acacia savanna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DinersteinOlson2017_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DinersteinOlson2017-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At 622,984 square kilometres (240,535 sq mi), the Central African Republic is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">world's 44th-largest country</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Much of the southern border is formed by <a href="/wiki/Tributary" title="Tributary">tributaries</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Congo_River" title="Congo River">Congo River</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Mbomou_River" title="Mbomou River">Mbomou River</a> in the east merges with the <a href="/wiki/Uele_River" title="Uele River">Uele River</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Ubangi_River" title="Ubangi River">Ubangi River</a>, which also comprises portions of the southern border. The <a href="/wiki/Sangha_River" title="Sangha River">Sangha River</a> flows through some of the western regions of the country, while the eastern border lies along the edge of the <a href="/wiki/Nile_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Nile River">Nile River</a> <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">watershed</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has been estimated that up to 8% of the country is covered by forest, with the densest parts generally located in the southern regions. The forests are highly diverse and include commercially important species of <a href="/wiki/Ayous" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayous">Ayous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sapele" title="Sapele">Sapelli</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sipo_(timber)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sipo (timber)">Sipo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deforestation rate is about 0.4% per annum, and <a href="/wiki/Illegal_logging" title="Illegal logging">lumber poaching</a> is commonplace.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Central African Republic had a 2018 <a href="/wiki/Forest_Landscape_Integrity_Index" title="Forest Landscape Integrity Index">Forest Landscape Integrity Index</a> mean score of 9.28/10, ranking it seventh globally out of 172 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-FLII-Supplementary_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FLII-Supplementary-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, Central African Republic was the world's least <a href="/wiki/Light_pollution" title="Light pollution">light pollution</a> affected country.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Central African Republic is the focal point of the <a href="/wiki/Bangui_Magnetic_Anomaly" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangui Magnetic Anomaly">Bangui Magnetic Anomaly</a>, one of the largest magnetic anomalies on Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-LPI_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LPI-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Central African Republic">Climate of the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_CAF_present.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Koppen-Geiger_Map_CAF_present.svg/260px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_CAF_present.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Koppen-Geiger_Map_CAF_present.svg/390px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_CAF_present.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Koppen-Geiger_Map_CAF_present.svg/520px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_CAF_present.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1414" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption>Central African Republic map of <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The climate of the Central African Republic is generally <a href="/wiki/Tropics" title="Tropics">tropical</a>, with a <a href="/wiki/Wet_season" title="Wet season">wet season</a> that lasts from June to September in the northern regions of the country, and from May to October in the south. During the wet season, rainstorms are an almost daily occurrence, and early morning <a href="/wiki/Fog" title="Fog">fog</a> is commonplace. Maximum annual precipitation is approximately 1,800 millimetres (71 in) in the upper Ubangi region.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The northern areas are hot and humid from February to May,<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but can be subject to the hot, dry, and dusty <a href="/wiki/Trade_wind" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade wind">trade wind</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Harmattan" title="Harmattan">Harmattan</a>. The southern regions have a more equatorial climate, but they are subject to <a href="/wiki/Desertification" title="Desertification">desertification</a>, while the extreme northeast regions of the country are a <a href="/wiki/Steppe" title="Steppe">steppe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biodiversity">Biodiversity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Biodiversity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Wildlife of the Central African Republic">Wildlife of the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dzanga.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Dzanga.jpg/220px-Dzanga.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Dzanga.jpg/330px-Dzanga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Dzanga.jpg/440px-Dzanga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dzanga-Sangha_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Dzanga-Sangha Reserve">Dzanga-Sangha Reserve</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the southwest, the Dzanga-Sangha National Park is located in a rain forest area. The country is noted for its population of <a href="/wiki/Forest_elephant" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest elephant">forest elephants</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_lowland_gorilla" title="Western lowland gorilla">western lowland gorillas</a>. In the north, the <a href="/wiki/Manovo-Gounda_St_Floris_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park">Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park</a> is well-populated with wildlife, including <a href="/wiki/African_leopard" title="African leopard">leopards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_African_lion" class="mw-redirect" title="Central African lion">lions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sudan_cheetah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sudan cheetah">cheetahs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhinoceros" title="Rhinoceros">rhinos</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Bamingui-Bangoran_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Bamingui-Bangoran National Park">Bamingui-Bangoran National Park</a> is located in the northeast of the Central African Republic. The parks have been seriously affected by the activities of poachers, particularly those from <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>, over the past two decades.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Central African Republic <a href="/wiki/Forest_cover" title="Forest cover">forest cover</a> is around 36% of the total land area, equivalent to 22,303,000 hectares (ha) of forest in 2020, down from 23,203,000 hectares (ha) in 1990. In 2020, naturally regenerating forest covered 22,301,000 hectares (ha) and planted forest covered 2,000 hectares (ha). Of the naturally regenerating forest 9% was reported to be <a href="/wiki/Primary_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary forest">primary forest</a> (consisting of native tree species with no clearly visible indications of human activity). For the year 2015, 91% of the forest area was reported to be under <a href="/wiki/State_ownership" title="State ownership">public ownership</a> and 9% <a href="/wiki/Private_property" title="Private property">private ownership</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, the rate of <a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</a> in the Central African Republic increased by 71%.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>. The reason given is: Recent developments and Russian influence.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Politics of the Central African Republic">Politics of the Central African Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Council_of_Ministers" title="Central African Republic Council of Ministers">Central African Republic Council of Ministers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of political parties in the Central African Republic">List of political parties in the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra,_Joe_Biden,_Jill_Biden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra%2C_Joe_Biden%2C_Jill_Biden.jpg/220px-Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra%2C_Joe_Biden%2C_Jill_Biden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra%2C_Joe_Biden%2C_Jill_Biden.jpg/330px-Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra%2C_Joe_Biden%2C_Jill_Biden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra%2C_Joe_Biden%2C_Jill_Biden.jpg/440px-Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra%2C_Joe_Biden%2C_Jill_Biden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1066" /></a><figcaption>Central African Republic President <a href="/wiki/Faustin_Touadera" class="mw-redirect" title="Faustin Touadera">Faustin-Archange Touadéra</a> with US President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>, and Dr. <a href="/wiki/Jill_Biden" title="Jill Biden">Jill Biden</a>, 14 December 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>Politics in the Central African Republic formally take place in a framework of a <a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">presidential</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a>. In this system, the <a href="/wiki/Heads_of_state_of_the_Central_African_Republic_(and_Central_African_Empire)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heads of state of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)">President</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a>, with a <a href="/wiki/Heads_of_government_of_the_Central_African_Republic_(and_Central_African_Empire)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heads of government of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)">Prime Minister</a> as <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a>. <a href="/wiki/Executive_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive power">Executive power</a> is exercised by the government. <a href="/wiki/Legislative_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative power">Legislative power</a> is vested in both the government and parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Changes in government have occurred in recent years by three methods: violence, negotiations, and elections. A new constitution was approved by voters in a referendum held on 5 December 2004. The government was rated 'Partly Free' from 1991 to 2001 and from 2004 to 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Executive_branch">Executive branch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Executive branch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The president is elected by popular vote for a six-year term, and the prime minister is appointed by the president. The president also appoints and presides over the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Council_of_Ministers" title="Central African Republic Council of Ministers">Council of Ministers</a>, which initiates laws and oversees government operations. However, as of 2018 the official government is not in control of large parts of the country, which are governed by rebel groups.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Acting president since April 2016 is <a href="/wiki/Faustin_Archange_Touadera" class="mw-redirect" title="Faustin Archange Touadera">Faustin-Archange Touadéra</a> who followed the interim government under <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Samba-Panza" title="Catherine Samba-Panza">Catherine Samba-Panza</a>, interim prime minister <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Nzapayek%C3%A9" title="André Nzapayeké">André Nzapayeké</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_branch">Legislative branch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Legislative branch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly of the Central African Republic">National Assembly</a> (<i>Assemblée Nationale</i>) has 140 members, elected for a five-year term using the two-round (or <a href="/wiki/Two-round_system" title="Two-round system">run-off</a>) system.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judicial_branch">Judicial branch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Judicial branch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As in many other former French colonies, the Central African Republic's legal system is based on <a href="/wiki/French_law" class="mw-redirect" title="French law">French law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Supreme Court, or <i>Cour Suprême</i>, is made up of judges appointed by the president. There is also a Constitutional Court, and its judges are also appointed by the president.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Prefectures of the Central African Republic">Prefectures of the Central African Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sub-prefectures_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Sub-prefectures of the Central African Republic">Sub-prefectures of the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right noresize" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/CAR_map_of_prefectures.svg/450px-CAR_map_of_prefectures.svg.png" decoding="async" width="450" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/CAR_map_of_prefectures.svg/675px-CAR_map_of_prefectures.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/CAR_map_of_prefectures.svg/900px-CAR_map_of_prefectures.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1606" data-file-height="1110" usemap="#ImageMap_4e08c21cf17b4815" resource="/wiki/File:CAR_map_of_prefectures.svg" /></span><map name="ImageMap_4e08c21cf17b4815"><area href="/wiki/Bangui" shape="rect" coords="149,224,192,241" alt="Bangui" title="Bangui" /><area href="/wiki/Sangha-Mba%C3%A9r%C3%A9" shape="rect" coords="11,269,64,303" alt="Sangha-Mbaéré" title="Sangha-Mbaéré" /><area href="/wiki/Mamb%C3%A9r%C3%A9-Kad%C3%A9%C3%AF" shape="rect" coords="25,207,85,247" alt="Mambéré-Kadéï" title="Mambéré-Kadéï" /><area href="/wiki/Nana-Mamb%C3%A9r%C3%A9" shape="rect" coords="14,163,75,202" alt="Nana-Mambéré" title="Nana-Mambéré" /><area href="/wiki/Ouham-Pend%C3%A9" shape="rect" coords="34,123,85,157" alt="Ouham-Pendé" title="Ouham-Pendé" /><area href="/wiki/Ouham" shape="rect" coords="95,134,138,163" alt="Ouham" title="Ouham" /><area href="/wiki/Ombella-M%27Poko" shape="rect" coords="96,191,149,213" alt="Ombella-M'Poko" title="Ombella-M'Poko" /><area href="/wiki/Lobaye" shape="rect" coords="96,224,132,247" alt="Lobaye" title="Lobaye" /><area href="/wiki/Nana-Gr%C3%A9bizi" shape="rect" coords="149,123,185,151" alt="Nana-Grébizi" title="Nana-Grébizi" /><area href="/wiki/K%C3%A9mo" shape="rect" coords="149,168,170,191" alt="Kémo" title="Kémo" /><area href="/wiki/Ouaka" shape="rect" coords="192,157,227,179" alt="Ouaka" title="Ouaka" /><area href="/wiki/Basse-Kotto" shape="rect" coords="196,213,256,238" alt="Basse-Kotto" title="Basse-Kotto" /><area href="/wiki/Bamingui-Bangoran" shape="rect" coords="165,67,227,112" alt="Bamingui-Bangoran" title="Bamingui-Bangoran" /><area href="/wiki/Vakaga" shape="rect" coords="245,34,298,62" alt="Vakaga" title="Vakaga" /><area href="/wiki/Haute-Kotto" shape="rect" coords="245,106,319,146" alt="Haute-Kotto" title="Haute-Kotto" /><area href="/wiki/Mbomou" shape="rect" coords="252,168,319,207" alt="Mbomou" title="Mbomou" /><area href="/wiki/Haut-Mbomou" shape="rect" coords="351,151,409,202" alt="Haut-Mbomou" title="Haut-Mbomou" /></map><figcaption>A clickable map of the fourteen prefectures of the Central African Republic.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Central African Republic is divided into 20 administrative <a href="/wiki/Prefecture" title="Prefecture">prefectures</a> (<i>préfectures</i>), two of which are economic prefectures (<i>préfectures économiques</i>); the prefectures are further divided into 84 sub-prefectures (<i>sous-préfectures</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-OU_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Prefectures of the Central African Republic">prefectures</a> are <a href="/wiki/Bamingui-Bangoran" title="Bamingui-Bangoran">Bamingui-Bangoran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangui_(Prefecture)" title="Bangui (Prefecture)">Bangui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basse-Kotto" title="Basse-Kotto">Basse-Kotto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haute-Kotto" title="Haute-Kotto">Haute-Kotto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haut-Mbomou" title="Haut-Mbomou">Haut-Mbomou</a>, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9mo" title="Kémo">Kémo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lobaye" title="Lobaye">Lobaye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lim-Pend%C3%A9" title="Lim-Pendé">Lim-Pendé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mamb%C3%A9r%C3%A9" title="Mambéré">Mambéré</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mamb%C3%A9r%C3%A9-Kad%C3%A9%C3%AF" title="Mambéré-Kadéï">Mambéré-Kadéï</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mbomou" title="Mbomou">Mbomou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nana-Mamb%C3%A9r%C3%A9" title="Nana-Mambéré">Nana-Mambéré</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ombella-M%27Poko" title="Ombella-M'Poko">Ombella-M'Poko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ouaka" title="Ouaka">Ouaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ouham" title="Ouham">Ouham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ouham-Fafa" title="Ouham-Fafa">Ouham-Fafa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ouham-Pend%C3%A9" title="Ouham-Pendé">Ouham-Pendé</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vakaga" title="Vakaga">Vakaga</a>. The economic prefectures are <a href="/wiki/Nana-Gr%C3%A9bizi" title="Nana-Grébizi">Nana-Grébizi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sangha-Mba%C3%A9r%C3%A9" title="Sangha-Mbaéré">Sangha-Mbaéré</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OU_111-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_relations">Foreign relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Foreign relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Foreign relations of the Central African Republic">Foreign relations of the Central African Republic</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Armed_Forces" title="Central African Armed Forces">Central African Armed Forces</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_and_Faustin_Touadera,_23_may_2018_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Vladimir_Putin_and_Faustin_Touadera%2C_23_may_2018_%281%29.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_and_Faustin_Touadera%2C_23_may_2018_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Vladimir_Putin_and_Faustin_Touadera%2C_23_may_2018_%281%29.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_and_Faustin_Touadera%2C_23_may_2018_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Vladimir_Putin_and_Faustin_Touadera%2C_23_may_2018_%281%29.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_and_Faustin_Touadera%2C_23_may_2018_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Faustin_Touadera" class="mw-redirect" title="Faustin Touadera">Faustin-Archange Touadéra</a> with Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, 23 May 2018</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Foreign_aid_and_UN_involvement">Foreign aid and UN involvement</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Foreign aid and UN involvement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Central African Republic is heavily dependent on foreign <a href="/wiki/Aid" title="Aid">aid</a>, and numerous <a href="/wiki/Non-governmental_organization" title="Non-governmental organization">NGOs</a> provide services that the government does not provide.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, over US$100 million in foreign aid was spent in the country, mostly on humanitarian assistance.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, due to ongoing violence, over 50,000 people in the country's northwest were at risk of starvation,<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but this was averted due to assistance from the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UNreport_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNreport-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 8 January 2008, the UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon declared that the Central African Republic was eligible to receive assistance from the Peacebuilding Fund.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three priority areas were identified: first, the reform of the security sector; second, the promotion of good governance and the rule of law; and third, the revitalization of communities affected by conflicts. On 12 June 2008, the Central African Republic requested assistance from the <a href="/wiki/UN_Peacebuilding_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Peacebuilding Commission">UN Peacebuilding Commission</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was set up in 2005 to help countries emerging from conflict avoid devolving back into war or chaos.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to concerns of a potential genocide, a peacekeeping force – the International Support Mission to the Central African Republic (MISCA) – was authorized in December 2013. This African Union force of 6,000 personnel was accompanied by the French Operation Sangaris.<sup id="cite_ref-odi.org_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-odi.org-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the Central African Republic signed the UN <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Prohibition_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons">Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_rights">Human rights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Human rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Human rights in the Central African Republic">Human rights in the Central African Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Central African Republic">LGBT rights in the Central African Republic</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Child_marriage_in_the_Central_African_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Child marriage in the Central African Republic (page does not exist)">Child marriage in the Central African Republic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Polygamy in the Central African Republic">Polygamy in the Central African Republic</a></div> <p>The 2009 Human Rights Report by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> noted that human rights in the Central African Republic were poor and expressed concerns over numerous government abuses.<sup id="cite_ref-2009_Human_Rights_Report_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2009_Human_Rights_Report-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="United States State Department">U.S. State Department</a> alleged that major human rights abuses such as <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_punishment" title="Extrajudicial punishment">extrajudicial executions</a> by security forces, <a href="/wiki/Torture" title="Torture">torture</a>, beatings, and <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a> of suspects and prisoners occurred with impunity. It also alleged harsh and life-threatening conditions in <a href="/wiki/Prison" title="Prison">prisons</a> and detention centers, <a href="/wiki/Arbitrary_arrest_and_detention" title="Arbitrary arrest and detention">arbitrary arrest</a>, prolonged <a href="/wiki/Remand_(detention)" class="mw-redirect" title="Remand (detention)">pretrial detention</a> and denial of a <a href="/wiki/Right_to_a_fair_trial" title="Right to a fair trial">fair trial</a>, restrictions on freedom of movement, official <a href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">corruption</a>, and restrictions on <a href="/wiki/Labor_rights" title="Labor rights">workers' rights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2009_Human_Rights_Report_121-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2009_Human_Rights_Report-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Living_on_the_rainforest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Living_on_the_rainforest.jpg/220px-Living_on_the_rainforest.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Living_on_the_rainforest.jpg/330px-Living_on_the_rainforest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Living_on_the_rainforest.jpg/440px-Living_on_the_rainforest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="958" data-file-height="636" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aka_people" title="Aka people">Aka</a> hunter-gatherers living in the <a href="/wiki/Dzanga-Sangha_Special_Reserve" title="Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve">Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The State Department report also cites widespread <a href="/wiki/Riot" title="Riot">mob violence</a>, the prevalence of <a href="/wiki/Female_genital_mutilation" title="Female genital mutilation">female genital mutilation</a>, discrimination against women and <a href="/wiki/Pygmy_peoples" title="Pygmy peoples">pygmies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking" title="Human trafficking">human trafficking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unfree_labour" class="mw-redirect" title="Unfree labour">forced labor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Child_labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Child labor">child labor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Freedom of movement is limited in the northern part of the country "because of actions by state security forces, armed bandits, and other non-state armed entities", and due to fighting between government and anti-government forces, many people have been <a href="/wiki/Internally_displaced_person" title="Internally displaced person">internally displaced</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-state.gov_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-state.gov-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Violence against children and women in relation to accusations of <a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">witchcraft</a> has also been cited as a serious problem in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-unicef.org_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unicef.org-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Witchcraft is a criminal offense under the penal code.<sup id="cite_ref-unicef.org_124-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unicef.org-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">Freedom of speech</a> is addressed in the country's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Central_African_Republic_2013?lang=en#67">constitution</a>, but there have been incidents of government intimidation of the media.<sup id="cite_ref-2009_Human_Rights_Report_121-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2009_Human_Rights_Report-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A report by the <a href="/wiki/International_Research_%26_Exchanges_Board" title="International Research & Exchanges Board">International Research & Exchanges Board</a>'s media sustainability index noted that "the country minimally met objectives, with segments of the legal system and government opposed to a free media system".<sup id="cite_ref-2009_Human_Rights_Report_121-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2009_Human_Rights_Report-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Approximately 68% of girls are married before they turn 18,<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the United Nations's <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> ranked the country 188th out of 188 countries surveyed.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_International_Labor_Affairs" title="Bureau of International Labor Affairs">Bureau of International Labor Affairs</a> has also mentioned it in its last edition of the <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Goods_Produced_by_Child_Labor_or_Forced_Labor" title="List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor">List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Economy of the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_African_Republic_Product_Exports_(2019).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Central_African_Republic_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/290px-Central_African_Republic_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Central_African_Republic_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/435px-Central_African_Republic_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Central_African_Republic_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/580px-Central_African_Republic_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>A proportional representation of Central African Republic exports, 2019</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_African_Republic_GDP_Per_Capita_1960-2022.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Central_African_Republic_GDP_Per_Capita_1960-2022.png/220px-Central_African_Republic_GDP_Per_Capita_1960-2022.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Central_African_Republic_GDP_Per_Capita_1960-2022.png/330px-Central_African_Republic_GDP_Per_Capita_1960-2022.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Central_African_Republic_GDP_Per_Capita_1960-2022.png/440px-Central_African_Republic_GDP_Per_Capita_1960-2022.png 2x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>GDP per capita (2022 USD)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangui_Shopping_District.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Bangui_Shopping_District.jpg/220px-Bangui_Shopping_District.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Bangui_Shopping_District.jpg/330px-Bangui_Shopping_District.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Bangui_Shopping_District.jpg/440px-Bangui_Shopping_District.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a> shopping district</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_income" title="Per capita income">per capita income</a> of the Republic is often listed as being approximately $400 a year, <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GNI_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GNI (PPP) per capita">one of the lowest in the world</a>, but this figure is based mostly on reported sales of exports and largely ignores the unregistered sale of foods, locally produced <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_beverage" title="Alcoholic beverage">alcoholic beverages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diamond" title="Diamond">diamonds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivory" title="Ivory">ivory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bushmeat" title="Bushmeat">bushmeat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Traditional_medicine" title="Traditional medicine">traditional medicine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The currency of the Central African Republic is the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_CFA_franc" title="Central African CFA franc">CFA franc</a>, which is accepted across the former countries of <a href="/wiki/French_West_Africa" title="French West Africa">French West Africa</a> and trades at a fixed rate to the euro. Diamonds constitute the country's most important export, accounting for 40–55% of export revenues, but it is estimated that between 30% and 50% of those produced each year leave the country clandestinely.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_129-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 27 April 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">Bitcoin</a> (BTC) was adopted as an additional legal tender. Lawmakers unanimously adopted a bill that made Bitcoin legal tender alongside the CFA franc and legalized the use of cryptocurrencies. President <a href="/wiki/Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra" title="Faustin-Archange Touadéra">Faustin-Archange Touadéra</a> signed the measure into law, said his chief of staff Obed Namsio. After an <a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_general_meeting" title="Extraordinary general meeting">extraordinary meeting</a> on 6 May 2022, COBAC published DECISION D-071-2022<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which it banned the use of crypto currency. It subsequently repealed its status as legal tender.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Agriculture is dominated by the cultivation and sale of food crops such as <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">cassava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">peanuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sorghum" title="Sorghum">sorghum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">millet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">sesame</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Plantain_(cooking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantain (cooking)">plantain</a>. The annual <a href="/wiki/Economic_growth" title="Economic growth">growth rate</a> of real GDP is slightly above 3%. The importance of food crops over exported <a href="/wiki/Cash_crops" class="mw-redirect" title="Cash crops">cash crops</a> is indicated by the fact that the total production of cassava, the staple food of most Central Africans, ranges between 200,000 and 300,000 <a href="/wiki/Tonnes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonnes">tonnes</a> a year, while the production of <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a>, the principal exported cash crop, ranges from 25,000 to 45,000 tonnes a year. Food crops are not exported in large quantities, but still constitute the principal cash crops of the country because Central Africans derive far more income from the periodic sale of surplus food crops than from exported cash crops such as cotton or coffee.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_129-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the country is self-sufficient in food crops; however, <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a> development is hindered by the presence of the <a href="/wiki/Tsetse_fly" title="Tsetse fly">tsetse fly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Republic's primary import partner is France (17.1%). Other imports come from the United States (12.3%), India (11.5%), and China (8.2%). Its largest export partner is France (31.2%), followed by <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> (16.2%), China (12.5%), <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a> (9.6%), and Austria (7.8%).<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Central African Republic is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_the_Harmonization_of_Business_Law_in_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa">Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa</a> (OHADA). In the 2009 <a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">World Bank Group</a>'s report <i>Doing Business</i>, it was ranked 183rd out of 183 as regards 'ease of doing business', a <a href="/wiki/Composite_(finance)" title="Composite (finance)">composite index</a> which takes into account regulations that 'enhance' business activity and those that restrict it.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Transportation">Transportation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in the Central African Republic">Transportation in the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_African_Republic_-_Trucks_in_Bangui.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Central_African_Republic_-_Trucks_in_Bangui.jpg/220px-Central_African_Republic_-_Trucks_in_Bangui.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Central_African_Republic_-_Trucks_in_Bangui.jpg/330px-Central_African_Republic_-_Trucks_in_Bangui.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Central_African_Republic_-_Trucks_in_Bangui.jpg/440px-Central_African_Republic_-_Trucks_in_Bangui.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Trucks in <a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Two trans-African automobile routes pass through the Central African Republic: the <a href="/wiki/Tripoli-Cape_Town_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Tripoli-Cape Town Highway">Tripoli-Cape Town Highway</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lagos-Mombasa_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Lagos-Mombasa Highway">Lagos-Mombasa Highway</a>. Bangui is the transport hub of the Central African Republic. As of 1999, eight roads connected the city to other main towns in the country, <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, Chad, and <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a>; of these, only the toll roads are paved. During the rainy season from July to October, some roads are impassable.<sup id="cite_ref-e200_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e200-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>River <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferries</a> sail from the <a href="/wiki/River_port" class="mw-redirect" title="River port">river port</a> at Bangui to <a href="/wiki/Brazzaville" title="Brazzaville">Brazzaville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zongo,_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Zongo, Democratic Republic of the Congo">Zongo</a>. The river can be navigated most of the year between Bangui and Brazzaville. From Brazzaville, goods are transported by rail to <a href="/wiki/Pointe-Noire" title="Pointe-Noire">Pointe-Noire</a>, Congo's Atlantic port.<sup id="cite_ref-Finanace_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Finanace-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The river port handles the overwhelming majority of the country's international trade and has a cargo handling capacity of 350,000 tons; it has 350 metres (1,150 ft) length of <a href="/wiki/Wharfs" class="mw-redirect" title="Wharfs">wharfs</a> and 24,000 square metres (260,000 sq ft) of warehousing space.<sup id="cite_ref-e200_135-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e200-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bangui_M%27Poko_International_Airport" title="Bangui M'Poko International Airport">Bangui M'Poko International Airport</a> is Central African Republic's only international airport. As of June 2014 it had regularly scheduled direct flights to <a href="/wiki/Maya-Maya_Airport" title="Maya-Maya Airport">Brazzaville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_V_International_Airport" title="Mohammed V International Airport">Casablanca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cadjehoun_Airport" title="Cadjehoun Airport">Cotonou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douala_International_Airport" title="Douala International Airport">Douala</a>, <a href="/wiki/N%27djili_Airport" title="N'djili Airport">Kinshasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lom%C3%A9-Tokoin_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Lomé-Tokoin Airport">Lomé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quatro_de_Fevereiro_Airport" title="Quatro de Fevereiro Airport">Luanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malabo_International_Airport" title="Malabo International Airport">Malabo</a>, <a href="/wiki/N%27Djamena_International_Airport" title="N'Djamena International Airport">N'Djamena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris-Charles_de_Gaulle" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris-Charles de Gaulle">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pointe_Noire_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pointe Noire Airport">Pointe-Noire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yaound%C3%A9_Nsimalen_International_Airport" title="Yaoundé Nsimalen International Airport">Yaoundé</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Since at least 2002 there have been plans to connect Bangui by <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">rail</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Transcameroon_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcameroon Railway">Transcameroon Railway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Energy">Energy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Energy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of power stations in the Central African Republic">List of power stations in the Central African Republic</a></div> <p>The Central African Republic primarily uses <a href="/wiki/Hydroelectricity" title="Hydroelectricity">hydroelectricity</a> as there are few other low cost resources for generating electricity.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Access to electricity is very limited with 15.6% of the total population having electrification, 34.6% in urban areas and 1.5% in rural areas.<sup id="cite_ref-WorldFactbook_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WorldFactbook-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Communications">Communications</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Communications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications in the Central African Republic">Communications in the Central African Republic</a></div> <p>Presently, the Central African Republic has active television services, radio stations, <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_providers" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet service providers">internet service providers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mobile_network_operator" title="Mobile network operator">mobile phone carriers</a>; <a href="/wiki/Socatel" title="Socatel">Socatel</a> is the leading provider for both internet and mobile phone access throughout the country. The primary governmental regulating bodies of telecommunications are the Ministère des Postes and Télécommunications et des Nouvelles Technologies. In addition, the Central African Republic receives international support on telecommunication related operations from <a href="/wiki/ITU-D" title="ITU-D">ITU Telecommunication Development Sector</a> (ITU-D) within the <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a> to improve infrastructure.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Demographics of the Central African Republic">Demographics of the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Group_of_Peul_women_in_Paoua.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Group_of_Peul_women_in_Paoua.jpg/220px-Group_of_Peul_women_in_Paoua.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Group_of_Peul_women_in_Paoua.jpg/330px-Group_of_Peul_women_in_Paoua.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Group_of_Peul_women_in_Paoua.jpg/440px-Group_of_Peul_women_in_Paoua.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>Fula women in <a href="/wiki/Paoua" title="Paoua">Paoua</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The population of the Central African Republic has almost quadrupled since independence. In 1960, the population was 1,232,000; as of a 2021 UN estimate, it is approximately 5,457,154.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> estimates that approximately 4% of the population aged between 15 and 49 is <a href="/wiki/HIV" title="HIV">HIV</a> positive.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only 3% of the country has <a href="/wiki/Antiretroviral" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiretroviral">antiretroviral</a> therapy available, compared to 17% coverage in the neighboring countries of <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The nation comprises over 80 ethnic groups, each having its own language. The largest ethnic groups are the <a href="/wiki/Baggara" class="mw-redirect" title="Baggara">Baggara Arabs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baka_people_(Cameroon_and_Gabon)" title="Baka people (Cameroon and Gabon)">Baka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banda_people" title="Banda people">Banda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aka_people" title="Aka people">Bayaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fula_people" title="Fula people">Fula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gbaya_people" title="Gbaya people">Gbaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kara_people" title="Kara people">Kara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kresh_people" title="Kresh people">Kresh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mbaka_people" title="Mbaka people">Mbaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandja_people" title="Mandja people">Mandja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ngbandi_people" title="Ngbandi people">Ngbandi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sara_people" title="Sara people">Sara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vidiri_people" title="Vidiri people">Vidiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wodaabe" title="Wodaabe">Wodaabe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yakoma_people" title="Yakoma people">Yakoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yulu_people" title="Yulu people">Yulu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zande_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Zande people">Zande</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Central_African_Republic#Ethnic_groups" title="Demographics of the Central African Republic">others</a> including <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Europe" title="Ethnic groups in Europe">Europeans</a> of mostly <a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">French descent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_14-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most common ethnic groups are <a href="/wiki/Gbaya_people" title="Gbaya people">Gbaya</a> (Baya) (28.8%) and <a href="/wiki/Banda_people" title="Banda people">Banda</a> (22.9%), comprising together slightly over half of the country's population in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Largest cities or towns in Central African Republic</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;">According to the 2003 Census<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Central African Republic">Name</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefectures of Central African Republic">Prefecture</a> </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th>Rank </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Central African Republic">Name</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefectures of Central African Republic">Prefecture</a> </th> <th>Pop. </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangui_City_Centre.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bangui"><img alt="Bangui" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Bangui_City_Centre.jpg/120px-Bangui_City_Centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Bangui_City_Centre.jpg/180px-Bangui_City_Centre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Bangui_City_Centre.jpg/240px-Bangui_City_Centre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2226" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">622,771</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kaga-Bandoro" title="Kaga-Bandoro">Kaga-Bandoro</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Nana-Gr%C3%A9bizi" title="Nana-Grébizi">Nana-Grébizi</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">24,661 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bimbo,_Central_African_Republic" title="Bimbo, Central African Republic">Bimbo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">124,176</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sibut" title="Sibut">Sibut</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9mo" title="Kémo">Kémo</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">22,419 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Berb%C3%A9rati" title="Berbérati">Berbérati</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mamb%C3%A9r%C3%A9-Kad%C3%A9%C3%AF" title="Mambéré-Kadéï">Mambéré-Kadéï</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">76,918</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mba%C3%AFki" title="Mbaïki">Mbaïki</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Lobaye" title="Lobaye">Lobaye</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">22,166 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Carnot,_Central_African_Republic" title="Carnot, Central African Republic">Carnot</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mamb%C3%A9r%C3%A9-Kad%C3%A9%C3%AF" title="Mambéré-Kadéï">Mambéré-Kadéï</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">45,421</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bozoum" title="Bozoum">Bozoum</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ouham-Pend%C3%A9" title="Ouham-Pendé">Ouham-Pendé</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">20,665 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bambari" title="Bambari">Bambari</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ouaka" title="Ouaka">Ouaka</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,356</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Paoua" title="Paoua">Paoua</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ouham-Pend%C3%A9" title="Ouham-Pendé">Ouham-Pendé</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">17,370 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bouar" title="Bouar">Bouar</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Nana-Mamb%C3%A9r%C3%A9" title="Nana-Mambéré">Nana-Mambéré</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">40,353</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Batangafo" title="Batangafo">Batangafo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ouham" title="Ouham">Ouham</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,420 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bossangoa" title="Bossangoa">Bossangoa</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ouham" title="Ouham">Ouham</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">36,478</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kabo" title="Kabo">Kabo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ouham" title="Ouham">Ouham</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,279 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bria,_Central_African_Republic" title="Bria, Central African Republic">Bria</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Haute-Kotto" title="Haute-Kotto">Haute-Kotto</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">35,204</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bocaranga" title="Bocaranga">Bocaranga</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ouham-Pend%C3%A9" title="Ouham-Pendé">Ouham-Pendé</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,744 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bangassou" title="Bangassou">Bangassou</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mbomou" title="Mbomou">Mbomou</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,553</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ippy" title="Ippy">Ippy</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ouaka" title="Ouaka">Ouaka</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,196 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Nola,_Central_African_Republic" title="Nola, Central African Republic">Nola</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sangha-Mba%C3%A9r%C3%A9" title="Sangha-Mbaéré">Sangha-Mbaéré</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">29,181</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Alindao" title="Alindao">Alindao</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Basse-Kotto" title="Basse-Kotto">Basse-Kotto</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,401 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Languages of the Central African Republic">Languages of the Central African Republic</a></div> <p>The Central African Republic's two official languages are <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sango_language" title="Sango language">Sango</a> (also spelled <i>Sangho</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">creole</a> developed as an inter-ethnic <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a> based on the local <a href="/wiki/Ngbandi_language" title="Ngbandi language">Ngbandi language</a>. The Central African Republic is one of the few African countries to have granted official status to an <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Africa" title="Languages of Africa">African language</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Religion in the Central African Republic">Religion in the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Une_foule_devant_la_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Bangui,_le_7_mai_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Une_foule_devant_la_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Bangui%2C_le_7_mai_2018.jpg/220px-Une_foule_devant_la_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Bangui%2C_le_7_mai_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Une_foule_devant_la_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Bangui%2C_le_7_mai_2018.jpg/330px-Une_foule_devant_la_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Bangui%2C_le_7_mai_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Une_foule_devant_la_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Bangui%2C_le_7_mai_2018.jpg/440px-Une_foule_devant_la_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Bangui%2C_le_7_mai_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Worshippers at the <a href="/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_Notre-Dame_(Bangui)" title="Cathédrale Notre-Dame (Bangui)">Bangui Cathedral</a>. <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> is the main religion in the Central African Republic.</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the 2003 national census, 80.3% of the population was <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> (51.4% <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> and 28.9% <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholic</a>), 10% was <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Muslim</a> and 4.5 percent other religious groups, with 5.5 percent having no religious beliefs.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recent work from the Pew Research Center estimated that, as of 2010, Christians constituted 89.8% of the population (60.7% Protestant and 28.5% Catholic) while Muslims made up 8.9%.<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Christians_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew_Christians-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Muslims_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew_Muslims-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Catholic Church claims over 1.5 million adherents, approximately one-third of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-Catholic_Stats_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Catholic_Stats-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indigenous belief (<a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">animism</a>) is also practiced, and many indigenous beliefs are <a href="/wiki/Religious_syncretism" title="Religious syncretism">incorporated into</a> Christian and Islamic practice.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A UN director described religious tensions between Muslims and Christians as being high.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutherans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fellowship_of_Grace_Brethren_Churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellowship of Grace Brethren Churches">Grace Brethren</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a>. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a>, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Overseas Development Institute research, during the crisis ongoing since 2012, religious leaders have mediated between communities and armed groups; they also provided refuge for people seeking shelter.<sup id="cite_ref-odi.org_119-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-odi.org-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Education in the Central African Republic">Education in the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CAR_classroom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/CAR_classroom.jpg/200px-CAR_classroom.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/CAR_classroom.jpg/300px-CAR_classroom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/CAR_classroom.jpg/400px-CAR_classroom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Classroom in <a href="/wiki/Sam_Ouandja" title="Sam Ouandja">Sam Ouandja</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Public education in the Central African Republic is free and is compulsory from ages 6 to 14.<sup id="cite_ref-ilab_156-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilab-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, approximately half of the adult population of the country is <a href="/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy">illiterate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two institutions of higher education in the Central African Republic are the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bangui" title="University of Bangui">University of Bangui</a>, a public university located in Bangui, which includes a <a href="/wiki/Medical_school" title="Medical school">medical school</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Euclid_University" title="Euclid University">Euclid University</a>, an international university.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Health in the Central African Republic">Health in the Central African Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caf_babies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Caf_babies.jpg/220px-Caf_babies.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Caf_babies.jpg/330px-Caf_babies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Caf_babies.jpg/440px-Caf_babies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Mothers and babies aged between 0 and 5 years are lining up in a Health Post at Begoua, a district of <a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a>, waiting for the two drops of the oral <a href="/wiki/Polio_vaccine" title="Polio vaccine">polio vaccine</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The largest hospitals in the country are located in the Bangui district. As a member of the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>, the Central African Republic receives vaccination assistance, such as a 2014 intervention for the prevention of a measles epidemic.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, female <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy_at_birth" class="mw-redirect" title="Life expectancy at birth">life expectancy at birth</a> was 48.2 years, and male life expectancy at birth was 45.1 years.<sup id="cite_ref-hdrstats.undp.org_161-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hdrstats.undp.org-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_health" title="Women's health">Women's health</a> is poor in the Central African Republic. As of 2010<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the country had the fourth highest <a href="/wiki/Maternal_mortality" class="mw-redirect" title="Maternal mortality">maternal mortality</a> rate in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Total_fertility_rate" title="Total fertility rate">total fertility rate</a> in 2014 was estimated at 4.46 children born/woman.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_14-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately 25% of women had undergone <a href="/wiki/Female_genital_mutilation" title="Female genital mutilation">female genital mutilation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many births in the country are guided by traditional <a href="/wiki/Birth_attendant" title="Birth attendant">birth attendants</a>, who often have little or no formal training.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">Malaria</a> is endemic in the Central African Republic and one of the leading causes of death.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to 2009 estimates, the HIV/AIDS <a href="/wiki/Prevalence" title="Prevalence">prevalence</a> rate is about 4.7% of the adult population (ages 15–49).<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is in general agreement with the 2016 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> estimate of approximately 4%.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Government expenditure on health was US$20 (PPP) per person in 2006<sup id="cite_ref-hdrstats.undp.org_161-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hdrstats.undp.org-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 10.9% of total government expenditure in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-hdrstats.undp.org_161-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hdrstats.undp.org-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was only around 1 physician for every 20,000 people in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2024 Global Hunger Index, Central African Rep. ranks 119th out of the 127 countries with sufficient data to calculate 2024 GHI scores. With a score of 31.5<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_African_writers_by_country#Central_African_Republic" title="List of African writers by country">List of African writers by country § Central African Republic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Music of the Central African Republic">Music of the Central African Republic</a></div><p>The nation comprises over 80 ethnic groups, each having its own language. The largest ethnic groups are the Baggara Arabs, Baka, Banda, Bayaka, Fula, Gbaya, Kara, Kresh, Mbaka, Mandja, Ngbandi, Sara, Vidiri, Wodaabe, Yakoma, Yulu, and Zande, with others including Europeans of mostly French descent.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BaAka_woman_dancing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BaAka_woman_dancing.jpg/220px-BaAka_woman_dancing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BaAka_woman_dancing.jpg/330px-BaAka_woman_dancing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BaAka_woman_dancing.jpg/440px-BaAka_woman_dancing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3175" data-file-height="2113" /></a><figcaption>A Central African woman</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_at_the_Olympics" title="Central African Republic at the Olympics">Central African Republic at the Olympics</a></div> <p>Football is the country's most popular sport. The <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_national_football_team" title="Central African Republic national football team">national football team</a> is governed by the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Football_Federation" title="Central African Football Federation">Central African Football Federation</a> and stages matches at the <a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy_Boganda_Stadium" title="Barthélemy Boganda Stadium">Barthélemy Boganda Stadium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Basketball also is popular<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_national_basketball_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Central African Republic national basketball team">national team</a> won the <a href="/wiki/AfroBasket" title="AfroBasket">African Championship</a> twice and was the first Sub-Saharan African team to qualify for the <a href="/wiki/Basketball_World_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="Basketball World Cup">Basketball World Cup</a>, in <a href="/wiki/1974_FIBA_World_Championship" title="1974 FIBA World Championship">1974</a>. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Central_African_Republic" title="Portal:Central African Republic">Central African Republic portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Outline of the Central African Republic">Outline of the Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93related_topics" title="List of Central African Republic–related topics">List of Central African Republic–related topics</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sango_language" title="Sango language">Sango</a>: <i lang="sg">Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Sango pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="sg-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[kōdōrōsésè<span class="wrap"> </span>tí<span class="wrap"> </span>bé.àfríkà]</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">République centrafricaine</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ʁepyblik<span class="wrap"> </span>sɑ̃tʁafʁikɛn]</a></span>; abbreviated <b>RCA</b> or <b><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Centrafrique</i></span></b>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[sɑ̃tʁafʁik]</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Oubangui-Chari</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSamarin2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_McWhorter" title="John McWhorter">Samarin, William J.</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jSByTfudlIcC&pg=PA301">"The Status of Sango in Fact and Fiction: On the One-Hundredth Anniversary of its Conception"</a>. In McWhorter, John H. (ed.). <i>Language Change and Language Contact in Pidgins and Creoles</i>. Creole language library. Vol. 21. John Benjamins. pp. <span class="nowrap">301–</span>34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789027252432" title="Special:BookSources/9789027252432"><bdi>9789027252432</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Status+of+Sango+in+Fact+and+Fiction%3A+On+the+One-Hundredth+Anniversary+of+its+Conception&rft.btitle=Language+Change+and+Language+Contact+in+Pidgins+and+Creoles&rft.series=Creole+language+library&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E301-%3C%2Fspan%3E34&rft.pub=John+Benjamins&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9789027252432&rft.aulast=Samarin&rft.aufirst=William+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjSByTfudlIcC%26pg%3DPA301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=44c#IRFDEMOG">"National Profiles"</a>. <i>www.thearda.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230301181352/https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=44c#IRFDEMOG">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thearda.com&rft.atitle=National+Profiles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thearda.com%2Fworld-religion%2Fnational-profiles%3Fu%3D44c%23IRFDEMOG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/central-african-republic">"Central African Republic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i> (2025 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fcentral-african-republic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2023.zip">(Archived 2023 edition.)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEO.CF-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.CF_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.CF_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.CF_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.CF_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=626,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (CF)"</a>. <i>IMF.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>. 10 October 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231108091602/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=626,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMF.org&rft.atitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+October+2023+Edition.+%28CF%29&rft.date=2023-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2023%2FOctober%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D626%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2020%26ey%3D2028%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI">"Gini Index"</a>. World Bank Group<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gini+Index&rft.pub=World+Bank+Group&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSI.POV.GINI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHDR-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UNHDR_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf">"Human Development Report 2023/24"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 13 March 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240313164319/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 13 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2023%2F24&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2024-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2023-24reporten.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brianlucas.ca/roadside/">Which side of the road do they drive on?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120414073422/http://brianlucas.ca/roadside/">Archived</a> 14 April 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Brian Lucas. August 2005. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/central_african_republic.htm">"Central African Republic – CAR – Country Profile – Nations Online Project"</a>. <i>www.nationsonline.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201105231847/https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/central_african_republic.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nationsonline.org&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+%E2%80%93+CAR+%E2%80%93+Country+Profile+%E2%80%93+Nations+Online+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationsonline.org%2Foneworld%2Fcentral_african_republic.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMudge2018" class="citation cs2">Mudge, Lewis (11 December 2018), "Central African Republic: Events of 2018", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190530235536/https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/central-african-republic"><i>World Report 2019: Rights Trends in Central African Republic</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/central-african-republic">the original</a> on 30 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic%3A+Events+of+2018&rft.btitle=World+Report+2019%3A+Rights+Trends+in+Central+African+Republic&rft.date=2018-12-11&rft.aulast=Mudge&rft.aufirst=Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fworld-report%2F2019%2Fcountry-chapters%2Fcentral-african-republic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamarin2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_McWhorter" title="John McWhorter">Samarin, William J.</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jSByTfudlIcC&pg=PA301">"The Status of Sango in Fact and Fiction: On the One-Hundredth Anniversary of its Conception"</a>. In McWhorter, John H. (ed.). <i>Language Change and Language Contact in Pidgins and Creoles</i>. Creole language library. Vol. 21. John Benjamins. pp. <span class="nowrap">301–</span>34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789027252432" title="Special:BookSources/9789027252432"><bdi>9789027252432</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Status+of+Sango+in+Fact+and+Fiction%3A+On+the+One-Hundredth+Anniversary+of+its+Conception&rft.btitle=Language+Change+and+Language+Contact+in+Pidgins+and+Creoles&rft.series=Creole+language+library&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E301-%3C%2Fspan%3E34&rft.pub=John+Benjamins&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9789027252432&rft.aulast=Samarin&rft.aufirst=William+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjSByTfudlIcC%26pg%3DPA301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bokassa-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bokassa_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bokassa_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bokassa_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/dec/03/jean-bedel-bokassa-posthumous-pardon">'Cannibal' dictator Bokassa given posthumous pardon</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170301025416/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/dec/03/jean-bedel-bokassa-posthumous-pardon">Archived</a> 1 March 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 3 December 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_14-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_14-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_14-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_14-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/central-african-republic/">"Central African Republic"</a>, <i>The World Factbook</i>, Central Intelligence Agency, 1 February 2024, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211128/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ct.html">archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic&rft.date=2024-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fcentral-african-republic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMF_2017-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IMF_2017_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=55&pr1.y=9&c=512%2C946%2C914%2C137%2C612%2C546%2C614%2C962%2C311%2C674%2C213%2C676%2C911%2C548%2C193%2C556%2C122%2C678%2C912%2C181%2C313%2C867%2C419%2C682%2C513%2C684%2C316%2C273%2C913%2C868%2C124%2C921%2C339%2C948%2C638%2C943%2C514%2C686%2C218%2C688%2C963%2C518%2C616%2C728%2C223%2C836%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C359%2C960%2C453%2C423%2C968%2C935%2C922%2C128%2C714%2C611%2C862%2C321%2C135%2C243%2C716%2C248%2C456%2C469%2C722%2C253%2C942%2C642%2C718%2C643%2C724%2C939%2C576%2C644%2C936%2C819%2C961%2C172%2C813%2C132%2C726%2C646%2C199%2C648%2C733%2C915%2C184%2C134%2C524%2C652%2C361%2C174%2C362%2C328%2C364%2C258%2C732%2C656%2C366%2C654%2C734%2C336%2C144%2C263%2C146%2C268%2C463%2C532%2C528%2C944%2C923%2C176%2C738%2C534%2C578%2C536%2C537%2C429%2C742%2C433%2C866%2C178%2C369%2C436%2C744%2C136%2C186%2C343%2C925%2C158%2C869%2C439%2C746%2C916%2C926%2C664%2C466%2C826%2C112%2C542%2C111%2C967%2C298%2C443%2C927%2C917%2C846%2C544%2C299%2C941%2C582%2C446%2C474%2C666%2C754%2C668%2C698%2C672&s=PPPPC&grp=0&a=">World Economic Outlook Database, January 2018</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180503062812/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=55&pr1.y=9&c=512,946,914,137,612,546,614,962,311,674,213,676,911,548,193,556,122,678,912,181,313,867,419,682,513,684,316,273,913,868,124,921,339,948,638,943,514,686,218,688,963,518,616,728,223,836,516,558,918,138,748,196,618,278,624,692,522,694,622,142,156,449,626,564,628,565,228,283,924,853,233,288,632,293,636,566,634,964,238,182,662,359,960,453,423,968,935,922,128,714,611,862,321,135,243,716,248,456,469,722,253,942,642,718,643,724,939,576,644,936,819,961,172,813,132,726,646,199,648,733,915,184,134,524,652,361,174,362,328,364,258,732,656,366,654,734,336,144,263,146,268,463,532,528,944,923,176,738,534,578,536,537,429,742,433,866,178,369,436,744,136,186,343,925,158,869,439,746,916,926,664,466,826,112,542,111,967,298,443,927,917,846,544,299,941,582,446,474,666,754,668,698,672&s=PPPPC&grp=0&a=">Archived</a> 3 May 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/ns/cs.aspx?id=28">International Monetary Fund</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20060214005019/http://www.imf.org/external/ns/cs.aspx?id=28">Archived</a> 14 February 2006 at <a href="/wiki/Archive-It" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive-It">Archive-It</a>. Database updated on 12 April 2017. Accessed on 21 April 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDI-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HDI_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915042654/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdi_table.pdf">"Human Development Index and its components"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdi_table.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 15 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Index+and+its+components&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fhdi_table.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.com.pk/story/1188069/worlds-unhealthiest-countries/">"These are the world's unhealthiest countries – The Express Tribune"</a>. <i>The Express Tribune</i>. 25 September 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170801171519/https://tribune.com.pk/story/1188069/worlds-unhealthiest-countries/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=These+are+the+world%27s+unhealthiest+countries+%E2%80%93+The+Express+Tribune&rft.date=2016-09-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F1188069%2Fworlds-unhealthiest-countries%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.trust.org/item/20161020230325-xtrrw/">"Central African Republic worst country in the world for young people – study"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Thomson_Reuters_Foundation" title="Thomson Reuters Foundation">Thomson Reuters Foundation</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170805184326/http://news.trust.org/item/20161020230325-xtrrw">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thomson+Reuters+Foundation&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+worst+country+in+the+world+for+young+people+%E2%80%93+study&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.trust.org%2Fitem%2F20161020230325-xtrrw%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer2012" class="citation web cs1">Palmer, Brian (9 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2012/03/joseph-kony-video-why-does-central-african-republic-have-such-a-boring-name.html">"Why Does the Central African Republic Have Such a Boring Name?"</a>. <i>Slate</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220502212254/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2012/03/joseph-kony-video-why-does-central-african-republic-have-such-a-boring-name.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Why+Does+the+Central+African+Republic+Have+Such+a+Boring+Name%3F&rft.date=2012-03-09&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Fnews-and-politics%2F2012%2F03%2Fjoseph-kony-video-why-does-central-african-republic-have-such-a-boring-name.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eastern_Africa_2011,_pg._4-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Eastern_Africa_2011,_pg._4_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#McKenna">McKenna</a>, p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrierleyManningMaslin2018" class="citation journal cs1">Brierley, Chris; Manning, Katie; Maslin, Mark (1 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6167352">"Pastoralism may have delayed the end of the green Sahara"</a>. <i>Nature Communications</i>. <b>9</b> (1): 4018. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018NatCo...9.4018B">2018NatCo...9.4018B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41467-018-06321-y">10.1038/s41467-018-06321-y</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2041-1723">2041-1723</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6167352">6167352</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30275473">30275473</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.atitle=Pastoralism+may+have+delayed+the+end+of+the+green+Sahara&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=4018&rft.date=2018-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6167352%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018NatCo...9.4018B&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30275473&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41467-018-06321-y&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft.aulast=Brierley&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.au=Manning%2C+Katie&rft.au=Maslin%2C+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6167352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fran Osseo-Asare (2005) <i>Food Culture in Sub Saharan Africa</i>. Greenwood. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0313324883" title="Special:BookSources/0313324883">0313324883</a>. p. xxi</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#McKenna">McKenna</a>, p. 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Methodology and African Prehistory by, <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>. International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa, p. 548</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">UNESCO World Heritage Centre. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/4003/">"Les mégalithes de Bouar"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803004514/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/4003/">Archived</a> 3 August 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. UNESCO.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEhret2002" class="citation book cs1">Ehret, Christopher (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59451060"><i>The civilizations of Africa : a history to 1800</i></a>. Oxford: James Currey. p. 161. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85255-476-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-85255-476-1"><bdi>0-85255-476-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/59451060">59451060</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+civilizations+of+Africa+%3A+a+history+to+1800&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=161&rft.pub=James+Currey&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F59451060&rft.isbn=0-85255-476-1&rft.aulast=Ehret&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F59451060&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMozaffari2002" class="citation cs2">Mozaffari, Mehdi (2002), "Globalization, civilizations and world order: A world-constructivist approach", <i>Globalization and Civilizations</i>, Taylor & Francis, pp. <span class="nowrap">24–</span>50, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9780203217979_chapter_2">10.4324/9780203217979_chapter_2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-203-29460-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-203-29460-4"><bdi>978-0-203-29460-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Globalization%2C+civilizations+and+world+order%3A+A+world-constructivist+approach&rft.btitle=Globalization+and+Civilizations&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E24-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9780203217979_chapter_2&rft.isbn=978-0-203-29460-4&rft.aulast=Mozaffari&rft.aufirst=Mehdi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMbidaVan_NeerDoutrelepontVrydaghs1999" class="citation journal cs1">Mbida, Christophe M.; Van Neer, Wim; Doutrelepont, Hugues; Vrydaghs, Luc (15 March 1999). "Evidence for banana cultivation and animal husbandry during the first millennium BCE in the forest of southern Cameroon". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Archaeological_Science" title="Journal of Archaeological Science">Journal of Archaeological Science</a></i>. <b>27</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">151–</span>162. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fjasc.1999.0447">10.1006/jasc.1999.0447</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+banana+cultivation+and+animal+husbandry+during+the+first+millennium+BCE+in+the+forest+of+southern+Cameroon&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E151-%3C%2Fspan%3E162&rft.date=1999-03-15&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Fjasc.1999.0447&rft.aulast=Mbida&rft.aufirst=Christophe+M.&rft.au=Van+Neer%2C+Wim&rft.au=Doutrelepont%2C+Hugues&rft.au=Vrydaghs%2C+Luc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#McKenna">McKenna</a>, p. 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XfIVA5KMEb8C&pg=PA47"><i>Central African Republic Foreign Policy and Government Guide (World Strategic and Business Information Library)</i></a>. Vol. 1. International Business Publications. 7 February 2007. p. 47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1433006210" title="Special:BookSources/978-1433006210"><bdi>978-1433006210</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905090927/https://books.google.com/books?id=XfIVA5KMEb8C&pg=PA47">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Central+African+Republic+Foreign+Policy+and+Government+Guide+%28World+Strategic+and+Business+Information+Library%29&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=International+Business+Publications&rft.date=2007-02-07&rft.isbn=978-1433006210&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXfIVA5KMEb8C%26pg%3DPA47&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-africanhistory.about.com-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-africanhistory.about.com_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-africanhistory.about.com_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alistair Boddy-Evans. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://africanhistory.about.com/od/car/l/bl-CAR-Timeline-1.htm">Central Africa Republic Timeline – Part 1: From Prehistory to Independence (13 August 1960), A Chronology of Key Events in Central Africa Republic</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130423060132/http://africanhistory.about.com/od/car/l/bl-CAR-Timeline-1.htm">Archived</a> 23 April 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. About.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/102152/Central-African-Republic/214025/The-arts-and-cultural-institutions">Central African Republic</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130413172207/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/102152/Central-African-Republic/214025/The-arts-and-cultural-institutions">Archived</a> 13 April 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rabih-az-Zubayr">"Rābiḥ az-Zubayr | African military leader"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727191106/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rabih-az-Zubayr">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=R%C4%81bi%E1%B8%A5+az-Zubayr+%7C+African+military+leader&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FRabih-az-Zubayr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/Centr_Afr_Rep.shtml">French Colonies – Central African Republic</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130321032403/http://discoverfrance.net/Colonies/Centr_Afr_Rep.shtml">Archived</a> 21 March 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Discoverfrance.net. Retrieved 6 April 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fp1015-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fp1015_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fp1015_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fp1015_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fp1015_35-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/10/28/one-day-we-will-start-a-big-war-central-african-republic-un-violence/">"One day we will start a big war"</a>. <i>Foreign Policy</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170205203123/http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/10/28/one-day-we-will-start-a-big-war-central-african-republic-un-violence/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=One+day+we+will+start+a+big+war&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2015%2F10%2F28%2Fone-day-we-will-start-a-big-war-central-african-republic-un-violence%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Francophone_Africa_1997,_pg._111-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Francophone_Africa_1997,_pg._111_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Francophone_Africa_1997,_pg._111_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas O'Toole (1997) <i>Political Reform in Francophone Africa</i>. Westview Press. p. 111</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGardinier1985" class="citation journal cs1">Gardinier, David E. (1985). "Vocational and Technical Education in French Equatorial Africa (1842–1960)". <i>Proceedings of the Meeting of the French Colonial Historical Society</i>. <b>8</b>. Michigan State University Press: <span class="nowrap">113–</span>123. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-7055">0362-7055</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42952135">42952135</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Meeting+of+the+French+Colonial+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=Vocational+and+Technical+Education+in+French+Equatorial+Africa+%281842%E2%80%931960%29&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E113-%3C%2Fspan%3E123&rft.date=1985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42952135%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0362-7055&rft.aulast=Gardinier&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/picture_gallery/07/africa_malaria_train/html/3.stm">"In pictures: Malaria train, Mayomba forest"</a>. news.bbc.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131003022228/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/picture_gallery/07/africa_malaria_train/html/3.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=In+pictures%3A+Malaria+train%2C+Mayomba+forest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fshared%2Fspl%2Fhi%2Fpicture_gallery%2F07%2Fafrica_malaria_train%2Fhtml%2F3.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalck,_Pierre.2005" class="citation book cs1">Kalck, Pierre. (2005). <i>Historical dictionary of the Central African Republic</i> (3rd ed.). Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8108-4913-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8108-4913-5"><bdi>0-8108-4913-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/55487416">55487416</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+dictionary+of+the+Central+African+Republic&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Md.&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F55487416&rft.isbn=0-8108-4913-5&rft.au=Kalck%2C+Pierre.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20100811-dates-cle-republique-centrafricaine">"Key dates for the Central African Republic"</a>. <i>rfi.fr</i>. 11 August 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230422052427/https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20100811-dates-cle-republique-centrafricaine">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rfi.fr&rft.atitle=Key+dates+for+the+Central+African+Republic&rft.date=2010-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfi.fr%2Ffr%2Fafrique%2F20100811-dates-cle-republique-centrafricaine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/102152/Central-African-Republic/40700/The-colonial-era">Central African Republic: The colonial era – Britannica Online Encyclopedia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130412075355/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/102152/Central-African-Republic/40700/The-colonial-era">Archived</a> 12 April 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. Retrieved 6 April 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rabih-az-Zubayr">"Rābiḥ az-Zubayr | African military leader"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. 1 January 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727191106/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rabih-az-Zubayr">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=R%C4%81bi%E1%B8%A5+az-Zubayr+%7C+African+military+leader&rft.date=2020-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FRabih-az-Zubayr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCherkaoui1991" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Cherkaoui, Said El Mansour (1991). "Central African Republic". In Olson, James S. (ed.). <i>Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism</i>. Greenwood. p. 122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-26257-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-26257-8"><bdi>0-313-26257-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+European+Imperialism&rft.pages=122&rft.pub=Greenwood&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-313-26257-8&rft.aulast=Cherkaoui&rft.aufirst=Said+El+Mansour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Kalck">Kalck</a>, p. xxxi.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Kalck">Kalck</a>, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kalck2005p136-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kalck2005p136_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Kalck">Kalck</a>, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Langer's Encyclopedia of World History, page 1268.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nepad.org/countries/central-african-republic">"Central African Republic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a> Development Agency</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414111452/https://www.nepad.org/countries/central-african-republic">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=African+Union+Development+Agency&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nepad.org%2Fcountries%2Fcentral-african-republic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Kalck">Kalck</a>, p. xxxii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7803421.stm">'Good old days' under Bokassa?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203043924/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7803421.stm">Archived</a> 3 December 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". BBC News. 2 January 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrialTimes1981" class="citation news cs1">Prial, Frank J.; Times, Special To the New York (2 September 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/09/02/world/army-tropples-leader-of-central-african-republic.html">"Army Tropples Leader of Central African Republic"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230521051018/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/09/02/world/army-tropples-leader-of-central-african-republic.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Army+Tropples+Leader+of+Central+African+Republic&rft.date=1981-09-02&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Prial&rft.aufirst=Frank+J.&rft.au=Times%2C+Special+To+the+New+York&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F09%2F02%2Fworld%2Farmy-tropples-leader-of-central-african-republic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_52-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discoverworld.com/Central-African-Republic:In-depth#Why-Visit">"Central African Republic – Discover World"</a>. <i>www.discoverworld.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180210180433/https://www.discoverworld.com/Central-African-Republic:In-depth#Why-Visit">Archived</a> from the original on 10 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.discoverworld.com&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+%E2%80%93+Discover+World&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discoverworld.com%2FCentral-African-Republic%3AIn-depth%23Why-Visit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eisa.org.za/wep/car1999results.htm">"EISA Central African Republic: 1999 Presidential election results"</a>. <i>www.eisa.org.za</i>. African Democracy Encyclopaedia Project. October 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190729062022/https://eisa.org.za/wep/car1999results.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.eisa.org.za&rft.atitle=EISA+Central+African+Republic%3A+1999+Presidential+election+results&rft.date=2010-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eisa.org.za%2Fwep%2Fcar1999results.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Crisis_Group" class="citation web cs1">International Crisis Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140626162538/http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/africa/central-africa/central-african-republic/Central%20African%20Republic%20Anatomy%20of%20a%20Phantom%20State.pdf">"Central African Republic: Anatomy of a Phantom State"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>CrisisGroup.org</i>. International Crisis Group. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/africa/central-africa/central-african-republic/Central%20African%20Republic%20Anatomy%20of%20a%20Phantom%20State.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 26 June 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CrisisGroup.org&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic%3A+Anatomy+of+a+Phantom+State&rft.au=International+Crisis+Group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crisisgroup.org%2F~%2Fmedia%2FFiles%2Fafrica%2Fcentral-africa%2Fcentral-african-republic%2FCentral%2520African%2520Republic%2520Anatomy%2520of%2520a%2520Phantom%2520State.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discoverworld.com/Central-African-Republic:In-depth#History">"Central African Republic History"</a>. <i>DiscoverWorld.com</i>. 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180210180433/https://www.discoverworld.com/Central-African-Republic:In-depth#History">Archived</a> from the original on 10 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DiscoverWorld.com&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+History&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discoverworld.com%2FCentral-African-Republic%3AIn-depth%23History&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news/2003/04/28/bozize-step-down-after-transitional-period">"Bozize to step down after transitional period"</a>. <i>The New Humanitarian</i>. 28 April 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200227210349/http://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news/2003/04/28/bozize-step-down-after-transitional-period">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+Humanitarian&rft.atitle=Bozize+to+step+down+after+transitional+period&rft.date=2003-04-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenewhumanitarian.org%2Fnews%2F2003%2F04%2F28%2Fbozize-step-down-after-transitional-period&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolgreen2006" class="citation news cs1">Polgreen, Lydia (10 December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/10/world/africa/10africa.html">"On the Run as War Crosses Another Line in Africa"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081211230556/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/10/world/africa/10africa.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=On+the+Run+as+War+Crosses+Another+Line+in+Africa&rft.date=2006-12-10&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Polgreen&rft.aufirst=Lydia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F12%2F10%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2F10africa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc20061114-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc20061114_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6146748.stm">"CAR hails French pledge on rebels"</a>. BBC. 14 November 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120411202855/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6146748.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 11 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=CAR+hails+French+pledge+on+rebels&rft.date=2006-11-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fafrica%2F6146748.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reliefweb.int/report/central-african-republic/central-african-republic-hundreds-flee-birao-french-jets-strike">"Central African Republic: Hundreds flee Birao as French jets strike – Central African Republic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ReliefWeb" title="ReliefWeb">ReliefWeb</a></i>. 1 December 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200227200339/https://reliefweb.int/report/central-african-republic/central-african-republic-hundreds-flee-birao-french-jets-strike">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ReliefWeb&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic%3A+Hundreds+flee+Birao+as+French+jets+strike+%E2%80%93+Central+African+Republic&rft.date=2006-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freliefweb.int%2Freport%2Fcentral-african-republic%2Fcentral-african-republic-hundreds-flee-birao-french-jets-strike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc20061130-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc20061130_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6196652.stm">"French planes attack CAR rebels"</a>. BBC. 30 November 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121108012738/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6196652.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=French+planes+attack+CAR+rebels&rft.date=2006-11-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fafrica%2F6196652.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.peaceagreements.org/view/807">"PA-X: Peace Agreements Database"</a>. <i>www.peaceagreements.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230119151638/https://www.peaceagreements.org/view/807">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.peaceagreements.org&rft.atitle=PA-X%3A+Peace+Agreements+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.peaceagreements.org%2Fview%2F807&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn20130324-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cnn20130324_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/24/world/africa/central-african-republic-unrest/index.html">"Central African Republic president flees capital amid violence, official says"</a>. CNN. 24 March 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130325043935/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/24/world/africa/central-african-republic-unrest/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Central+African+Republic+president+flees+capital+amid+violence%2C+official+says&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2013-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2013%2F03%2F24%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Fcentral-african-republic-unrest%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt20130325-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nyt20130325_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLydia_Polgreen2013" class="citation news cs1">Lydia Polgreen (25 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/26/world/africa/leader-of-central-african-republic-francois-bozize-is-in-cameroon.html">"Leader of Central African Republic Fled to Cameroon, Official Says"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202135349/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/26/world/africa/leader-of-central-african-republic-francois-bozize-is-in-cameroon.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Leader+of+Central+African+Republic+Fled+to+Cameroon%2C+Official+Says&rft.date=2013-03-25&rft.au=Lydia+Polgreen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F03%2F26%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Fleader-of-central-african-republic-francois-bozize-is-in-cameroon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/2013/crisiswatch-117.aspx">"CrisisWatch N°117"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130920154410/http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/2013/crisiswatch-117.aspx">Archived</a> 20 September 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. crisisgroup.org.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-24800682">"UN warning over Central African Republic genocide risk"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 4 November 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131119131538/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-24800682">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=UN+warning+over+Central+African+Republic+genocide+risk&rft.date=2013-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-24800682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131123121217/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/11/21/uk-centralafrica-france-idUKBRE9AK0WU20131121">"France says Central African Republic on verge of genocide"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 21 November 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-centralafrica-france-idUKBRE9AK0WU20131121">the original</a> on 23 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=France+says+Central+African+Republic+on+verge+of+genocide&rft.date=2013-11-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fuk-centralafrica-france-idUKBRE9AK0WU20131121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GuardianNov13-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianNov13_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianNov13_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, David (22 November 2013) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/22/central-african-republic-verge-of-genocide">Unspeakable horrors in a country on the verge of genocide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161202011436/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/22/central-african-republic-verge-of-genocide">Archived</a> 2 December 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The Guardian</i>. Retrieved 23 November 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/2013/crisiswatch-118.aspx">"CrisisWatch N°118"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130920153834/http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/2013/crisiswatch-118.aspx">Archived</a> 20 September 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. crisisgroup.org.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/2013/crisiswatch-119.aspx">"CrisisWatch N°119"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130920140045/http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/crisiswatch/2013/crisiswatch-119.aspx">Archived</a> 20 September 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. crisisgroup.org.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_Tran2013" class="citation news cs1">Mark Tran (14 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/aug/14/central-african-republic-humanitarian-crisis-un">"Central African Republic crisis to be scrutinised by UN security council"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170215021631/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/aug/14/central-african-republic-humanitarian-crisis-un">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+crisis+to+be+scrutinised+by+UN+security+council&rft.date=2013-08-14&rft.au=Mark+Tran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fglobal-development%2F2013%2Faug%2F14%2Fcentral-african-republic-humanitarian-crisis-un&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-25683279">"CAR interim President Michel Djotodia resigns"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 11 January 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141012151730/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-25683279">Archived</a> from the original on 12 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=CAR+interim+President+Michel+Djotodia+resigns&rft.date=2014-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-25683279&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul-Marin_Ngoupana2014" class="citation news cs1">Paul-Marin Ngoupana (11 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140214060304/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/01/11/uk-centralafrican-idUKBREA090O220140111">"Central African Republic's capital tense as ex-leader heads into exile"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-centralafrican-idUKBREA090O220140111">the original</a> on 14 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic%27s+capital+tense+as+ex-leader+heads+into+exile&rft.date=2014-01-11&rft.au=Paul-Marin+Ngoupana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fuk-centralafrican-idUKBREA090O220140111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lavoixdelamerique.com/content/rca-signature-d-un-accord-de-cessez-le-feu-a-brazzaville/1964081.html">RCA : signature d’un accord de cessez-le-feu à Brazzaville</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140729005744/http://www.lavoixdelamerique.com/content/rca-signature-d-un-accord-de-cessez-le-feu-a-brazzaville/1964081.html">Archived</a> 29 July 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". VOA. 24 July 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ctvnews.ca/mobile/world/almost-all-436-central-african-republic-mosques-destroyed-u-s-diplomat-1.2284619">"Almost all 436 Central African Republic mosques destroyed: U.S. diplomat"</a>. 17 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727184606/https://www.ctvnews.ca/mobile/world/almost-all-436-central-african-republic-mosques-destroyed-u-s-diplomat-1.2284619">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Almost+all+436+Central+African+Republic+mosques+destroyed%3A+U.S.+diplomat&rft.date=2015-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctvnews.ca%2Fmobile%2Fworld%2Falmost-all-436-central-african-republic-mosques-destroyed-u-s-diplomat-1.2284619&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKBN0TZ0TW20151216">Rebel declares autonomous state in Central African Republic</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170518213619/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKBN0TZ0TW20151216">Archived</a> 18 May 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". Reuters. 16 December 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rjdh.org/centrafrique-le-corps-electoral-convoque-le-14-fevrier-pour-le-1er-tour-des-legislatives-et-le-second-tour-de-la-presidentielle/">Centrafrique : Le corps électoral convoqué le 14 février pour le 1er tour des législatives et le second tour de la présidentielle</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170104145113/http://rjdh.org/centrafrique-le-corps-electoral-convoque-le-14-fevrier-pour-le-1er-tour-des-legislatives-et-le-second-tour-de-la-presidentielle/">Archived</a> 4 January 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (in French), RJDH, 28 January 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enca.com/africa/new-central-african-president-takes-country-ruins">New Central African president takes on a country in ruins</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170104144133/https://www.enca.com/africa/new-central-african-president-takes-country-ruins">Archived</a> 4 January 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> ENCA, 28 March 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-35623491">CAR presidential election: Faustin Touadera declared winner</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210128162104/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-35623491">Archived</a> 28 January 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> BBC News, 20 February 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedomhouse.org/country/central-african-republic/freedom-world/2020">"Central African Republic: Freedom in the World 2020 Country Report"</a>. <i>Freedom House</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201129175737/https://freedomhouse.org/country/central-african-republic/freedom-world/2020">Archived</a> from the original on 29 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Freedom+House&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic%3A+Freedom+in+the+World+2020+Country+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffreedomhouse.org%2Fcountry%2Fcentral-african-republic%2Ffreedom-world%2F2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vincent Duhem, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jeuneafrique.com/317433/politique/centrafrique-quil-faut-retenir-nouveau-gouvernement-devoile-touadera/">"Centrafrique : ce qu’il faut retenir du nouveau gouvernement dévoilé par Touadéra"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201201092527/https://www.jeuneafrique.com/317433/politique/centrafrique-quil-faut-retenir-nouveau-gouvernement-devoile-touadera/">Archived</a> 1 December 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Jeune Afrique</i>, 13 April 2016 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.droit-afrique.com/uploads/RCA-Code-2019-electoral.pdf">"Code électoral de la République Centrafricaine (Titre 2, Chapitre 1, Art. 131)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Droit-Afrique.com</i> (in French). 20 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.droit-afrique.com/uploads/RCA-Code-2019-electoral.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Droit-Afrique.com&rft.atitle=Code+%C3%A9lectoral+de+la+R%C3%A9publique+Centrafricaine+%28Titre+2%2C+Chapitre+1%2C+Art.+131%29&rft.date=2019-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.droit-afrique.com%2Fuploads%2FRCA-Code-2019-electoral.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210109184142/https://corbeaunews-centrafrique.com/rca-presidentielle-du-27-decembre-la-cour-constitutionnelle-publie-la-liste-definitive-des-candidats/">"RCA : présidentielle du 27 décembre, la Cour Constitutionnelle publie la liste définitive des candidats"</a>. 3 December 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://corbeaunews-centrafrique.com/rca-presidentielle-du-27-decembre-la-cour-constitutionnelle-publie-la-liste-definitive-des-candidats/">the original</a> on 9 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RCA+%3A+pr%C3%A9sidentielle+du+27+d%C3%A9cembre%2C+la+Cour+Constitutionnelle+publie+la+liste+d%C3%A9finitive+des+candidats&rft.date=2020-12-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcorbeaunews-centrafrique.com%2Frca-presidentielle-du-27-decembre-la-cour-constitutionnelle-publie-la-liste-definitive-des-candidats%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://letsunami.net/centrafrique-ces-elections-cest-une-escroquerie-politique-dixit-le-candidat-a-la-presidentielle-martin-ziguele/">"Centrafrique : " ces élections, c'est une escroquerie politique ", dixit le candidat à la présidentielle Martin Ziguélé"</a>. 29 December 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201229130521/https://letsunami.net/centrafrique-ces-elections-cest-une-escroquerie-politique-dixit-le-candidat-a-la-presidentielle-martin-ziguele/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Centrafrique+%3A+%22+ces+%C3%A9lections%2C+c%27est+une+escroquerie+politique+%22%2C+dixit+le+candidat+%C3%A0+la+pr%C3%A9sidentielle+Martin+Zigu%C3%A9l%C3%A9&rft.date=2020-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fletsunami.net%2Fcentrafrique-ces-elections-cest-une-escroquerie-politique-dixit-le-candidat-a-la-presidentielle-martin-ziguele%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201229050648/https://corbeaunews-centrafrique.com/elections-en-centrafrique-la-legitimite-du-scrutin-perturbe-en-province-divise-a-bangui/">"Élections en Centrafrique: la légitimité du scrutin, perturbé en province, divise à Bangui"</a>. 29 December 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://corbeaunews-centrafrique.com/elections-en-centrafrique-la-legitimite-du-scrutin-perturbe-en-province-divise-a-bangui/">the original</a> on 29 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C3%89lections+en+Centrafrique%3A+la+l%C3%A9gitimit%C3%A9+du+scrutin%2C+perturb%C3%A9+en+province%2C+divise+%C3%A0+Bangui&rft.date=2020-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcorbeaunews-centrafrique.com%2Felections-en-centrafrique-la-legitimite-du-scrutin-perturbe-en-province-divise-a-bangui%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/28/violence-forces-800-polling-stations-to-close-in-car-commission">"CAR violence forced closure of 800 polling stations: Commission"</a>. <i>aljazeera.com</i>. Al Jazeera English. 28 December 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210120045703/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/28/violence-forces-800-polling-stations-to-close-in-car-commission">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=aljazeera.com&rft.atitle=CAR+violence+forced+closure+of+800+polling+stations%3A+Commission&rft.date=2020-12-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F12%2F28%2Fviolence-forces-800-polling-stations-to-close-in-car-commission&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/26/three-peacekeepers-killed-in-car-as-rebel-group-calls-off-truce">"Three UN peacekeepers killed in CAR ahead of Sunday's elections"</a>. <i>www.aljazeera.com</i>. Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera. 26 December 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201227144436/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/26/three-peacekeepers-killed-in-car-as-rebel-group-calls-off-truce">Archived</a> from the original on 27 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=www.aljazeera.com&rft.atitle=Three+UN+peacekeepers+killed+in+CAR+ahead+of+Sunday%27s+elections&rft.date=2020-12-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F12%2F26%2Fthree-peacekeepers-killed-in-car-as-rebel-group-calls-off-truce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNNews_261220-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UNNews_261220_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="UNNews_261220" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/12/1080892">"UN chief condemns attacks against peacekeepers in the Central African Republic"</a>. <i>UN News</i>. United Nations News Service. 26 December 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201227144916/https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/12/1080892">Archived</a> from the original on 27 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UN+News&rft.atitle=UN+chief+condemns+attacks+against+peacekeepers+in+the+Central+African+Republic&rft.date=2020-12-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.un.org%2Fen%2Fstory%2F2020%2F12%2F1080892&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.africanews.com/2021/01/04/car-president-touadera-reelected-electoral-commission/">"Central African Republic President Touadéra wins re-election"</a>. 4 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210109000339/https://www.africanews.com/2021/01/04/car-president-touadera-reelected-electoral-commission//">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Central+African+Republic+President+Touad%C3%A9ra+wins+re-election&rft.date=2021-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.africanews.com%2F2021%2F01%2F04%2Fcar-president-touadera-reelected-electoral-commission%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-59699350">"Wagner Group: Why the EU is alarmed by Russian mercenaries in Central Africa"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 19 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220327074036/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-59699350">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Wagner+Group%3A+Why+the+EU+is+alarmed+by+Russian+mercenaries+in+Central+Africa&rft.date=2021-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-59699350&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohenLima2022" class="citation news cs1">Cohen, Roger; Lima, Mauricio (24 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/24/world/africa/central-african-republic-russia-wagner.html">"Putin Wants Fealty, and He's Found It in Africa"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103183631/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/24/world/africa/central-african-republic-russia-wagner.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Putin+Wants+Fealty%2C+and+He%27s+Found+It+in+Africa&rft.date=2022-12-24&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.au=Lima%2C+Mauricio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F12%2F24%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Fcentral-african-republic-russia-wagner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roger Cohen. Africa's Allegiance to Putin. New York Times, International Edition; 31 Dec 2022 / 1 Jan 2023, page A1+.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_92-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_92-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoen" class="citation web cs1">Moen, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/africa/centralafricanrepublic/cfland.htm">"Geography of Central African Republic, Landforms – World Atlas"</a>. <i>www.worldatlas.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200227210349/https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/africa/centralafricanrepublic/cfland.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.worldatlas.com&rft.atitle=Geography+of+Central+African+Republic%2C+Landforms+%E2%80%93+World+Atlas&rft.aulast=Moen&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Fwebimage%2Fcountrys%2Fafrica%2Fcentralafricanrepublic%2Fcfland.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DinersteinOlson2017-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DinersteinOlson2017_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDinersteinOlsonJoshiVynne2017" class="citation journal cs1">Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; Joshi, Anup; Vynne, Carly; Burgess, Neil D.; Wikramanayake, Eric; Hahn, Nathan; Palminteri, Suzanne; Hedao, Prashant; Noss, Reed; Hansen, Matt; Locke, Harvey; Ellis, Erle C; Jones, Benjamin; Barber, Charles Victor; Hayes, Randy; Kormos, Cyril; Martin, Vance; Crist, Eileen; Sechrest, Wes; Price, Lori; Baillie, Jonathan E. M.; Weeden, Don; Suckling, Kierán; Davis, Crystal; Sizer, Nigel; Moore, Rebecca; Thau, David; Birch, Tanya; Potapov, Peter; Turubanova, Svetlana; Tyukavina, Alexandra; de Souza, Nadia; Pintea, Lilian; Brito, José C.; Llewellyn, Othman A.; Miller, Anthony G.; Patzelt, Annette; Ghazanfar, Shahina A.; Timberlake, Jonathan; Klöser, Heinz; Shennan-Farpón, Yara; Kindt, Roeland; Lillesø, Jens-Peter Barnekow; van Breugel, Paulo; Graudal, Lars; Voge, Maianna; Al-Shammari, Khalaf F.; Saleem, Muhammad (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287">"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm"</a>. <i>BioScience</i>. <b>67</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">534–</span>545. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fbiosci%2Fbix014">10.1093/biosci/bix014</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-3568">0006-3568</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287">5451287</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28608869">28608869</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioScience&rft.atitle=An+Ecoregion-Based+Approach+to+Protecting+Half+the+Terrestrial+Realm&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E534-%3C%2Fspan%3E545&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5451287%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0006-3568&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28608869&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fbiosci%2Fbix014&rft.aulast=Dinerstein&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.au=Olson%2C+David&rft.au=Joshi%2C+Anup&rft.au=Vynne%2C+Carly&rft.au=Burgess%2C+Neil+D.&rft.au=Wikramanayake%2C+Eric&rft.au=Hahn%2C+Nathan&rft.au=Palminteri%2C+Suzanne&rft.au=Hedao%2C+Prashant&rft.au=Noss%2C+Reed&rft.au=Hansen%2C+Matt&rft.au=Locke%2C+Harvey&rft.au=Ellis%2C+Erle+C&rft.au=Jones%2C+Benjamin&rft.au=Barber%2C+Charles+Victor&rft.au=Hayes%2C+Randy&rft.au=Kormos%2C+Cyril&rft.au=Martin%2C+Vance&rft.au=Crist%2C+Eileen&rft.au=Sechrest%2C+Wes&rft.au=Price%2C+Lori&rft.au=Baillie%2C+Jonathan+E.+M.&rft.au=Weeden%2C+Don&rft.au=Suckling%2C+Kier%C3%A1n&rft.au=Davis%2C+Crystal&rft.au=Sizer%2C+Nigel&rft.au=Moore%2C+Rebecca&rft.au=Thau%2C+David&rft.au=Birch%2C+Tanya&rft.au=Potapov%2C+Peter&rft.au=Turubanova%2C+Svetlana&rft.au=Tyukavina%2C+Alexandra&rft.au=de+Souza%2C+Nadia&rft.au=Pintea%2C+Lilian&rft.au=Brito%2C+Jos%C3%A9+C.&rft.au=Llewellyn%2C+Othman+A.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Anthony+G.&rft.au=Patzelt%2C+Annette&rft.au=Ghazanfar%2C+Shahina+A.&rft.au=Timberlake%2C+Jonathan&rft.au=Kl%C3%B6ser%2C+Heinz&rft.au=Shennan-Farp%C3%B3n%2C+Yara&rft.au=Kindt%2C+Roeland&rft.au=Lilles%C3%B8%2C+Jens-Peter+Barnekow&rft.au=van+Breugel%2C+Paulo&rft.au=Graudal%2C+Lars&rft.au=Voge%2C+Maianna&rft.au=Al-Shammari%2C+Khalaf+F.&rft.au=Saleem%2C+Muhammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5451287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.un.org/en/iso/ua.html">"UNData app"</a>. <i>data.un.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220807093709/http://data.un.org/en/iso/ua.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.un.org&rft.atitle=UNData+app&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.un.org%2Fen%2Fiso%2Fua.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forestsmonitor.org/en/reports/540539">"Sold Down the River (English)"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100413014533/http://www.forestsmonitor.org/en/reports/540539">Archived</a> 13 April 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. forestsmonitor.org.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110220052802/http://carpe.umd.edu/resources/Documents/THE_FORESTS_OF_THE_CONGO_BASIN_State_of_the_Forest_2006.pdf/view">"The Forests of the Congo Basin: State of the Forest 2006"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://carpe.umd.edu/resources/Documents/THE_FORESTS_OF_THE_CONGO_BASIN_State_of_the_Forest_2006.pdf/view">the original</a> on 20 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Forests+of+the+Congo+Basin%3A+State+of+the+Forest+2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcarpe.umd.edu%2Fresources%2FDocuments%2FTHE_FORESTS_OF_THE_CONGO_BASIN_State_of_the_Forest_2006.pdf%2Fview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span>. CARPE 13 July 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FLII-Supplementary-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FLII-Supplementary_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGranthamDuncanEvansJones2020" class="citation journal cs1">Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723057">"Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material"</a>. <i>Nature Communications</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 5978. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020NatCo..11.5978G">2020NatCo..11.5978G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41467-020-19493-3">10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2041-1723">2041-1723</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723057">7723057</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33293507">33293507</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.atitle=Anthropogenic+modification+of+forests+means+only+40%25+of+remaining+forests+have+high+ecosystem+integrity+%E2%80%93+Supplementary+Material&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=5978&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7723057%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2020NatCo..11.5978G&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33293507&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41467-020-19493-3&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft.aulast=Grantham&rft.aufirst=H.+S.&rft.au=Duncan%2C+A.&rft.au=Evans%2C+T.+D.&rft.au=Jones%2C+K.+R.&rft.au=Beyer%2C+H.+L.&rft.au=Schuster%2C+R.&rft.au=Walston%2C+J.&rft.au=Ray%2C+J.+C.&rft.au=Robinson%2C+J.+G.&rft.au=Callow%2C+M.&rft.au=Clements%2C+T.&rft.au=Costa%2C+H.+M.&rft.au=DeGemmis%2C+A.&rft.au=Elsen%2C+P.+R.&rft.au=Ervin%2C+J.&rft.au=Franco%2C+P.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+E.&rft.au=Goetz%2C+S.&rft.au=Hansen%2C+A.&rft.au=Hofsvang%2C+E.&rft.au=Jantz%2C+P.&rft.au=Jupiter%2C+S.&rft.au=Kang%2C+A.&rft.au=Langhammer%2C+P.&rft.au=Laurance%2C+W.+F.&rft.au=Lieberman%2C+S.&rft.au=Linkie%2C+M.&rft.au=Malhi%2C+Y.&rft.au=Maxwell%2C+S.&rft.au=Mendez%2C+M.&rft.au=Mittermeier%2C+R.&rft.au=Murray%2C+N.+J.&rft.au=Possingham%2C+H.&rft.au=Radachowsky%2C+J.&rft.au=Saatchi%2C+S.&rft.au=Samper%2C+C.&rft.au=Silverman%2C+J.&rft.au=Shapiro%2C+A.&rft.au=Strassburg%2C+B.&rft.au=Stevens%2C+T.&rft.au=Stokes%2C+E.&rft.au=Taylor%2C+R.&rft.au=Tear%2C+T.&rft.au=Tizard%2C+R.&rft.au=Venter%2C+O.&rft.au=Visconti%2C+P.&rft.au=Wang%2C+S.&rft.au=Watson%2C+J.+E.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7723057&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">National Geographic Magazine, November 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LPI-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LPI_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL._A._G._AntoineW._U._ReimoldA._Tessema1999" class="citation journal cs1">L. A. G. Antoine; W. U. Reimold; A. Tessema (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc99/pdf/5087.pdf">"The Bangui Magnetic Anomaly Revisited"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Proceedings 62nd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting</i>. <b>34</b>: A9. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999M&PSA..34Q...9A">1999M&PSA..34Q...9A</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140110090250/http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc99/pdf/5087.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 10 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+62nd+Annual+Meteoritical+Society+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+Bangui+Magnetic+Anomaly+Revisited&rft.volume=34&rft.pages=A9&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1999M%26PSA..34Q...9A&rft.au=L.+A.+G.+Antoine&rft.au=W.+U.+Reimold&rft.au=A.+Tessema&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lpi.usra.edu%2Fmeetings%2Fmetsoc99%2Fpdf%2F5087.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Central African Republic: Country Study Guide volume 1</i>, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWard,_Inna2007" class="citation book cs1">Ward, Inna, ed. (2007). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whitakersconcise00inna/page/796"><i>Whitaker's Almanack</i></a></span> (139th ed.). London: A & C Black. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whitakersconcise00inna/page/796">796</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7136-7660-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7136-7660-0"><bdi>978-0-7136-7660-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Whitaker%27s+Almanack&rft.place=London&rft.pages=796&rft.edition=139th&rft.pub=A+%26+C+Black&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7136-7660-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhitakersconcise00inna%2Fpage%2F796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeekYankah2004" class="citation book cs1">Peek, Philip M.; Yankah, Kwesi (March 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SmmUAgAAQBAJ&q=extreme+northeast+regions+of+the+country+are+already+desert.+central+african+republic&pg=PA115"><i>African Folklore: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135948733" title="Special:BookSources/9781135948733"><bdi>9781135948733</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414134541/https://books.google.com/books?id=SmmUAgAAQBAJ&q=extreme+northeast+regions+of+the+country+are+already+desert.+central+african+republic&pg=PA115">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=African+Folklore%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004-03&rft.isbn=9781135948733&rft.aulast=Peek&rft.aufirst=Philip+M.&rft.au=Yankah%2C+Kwesi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSmmUAgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dextreme%2Bnortheast%2Bregions%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bcountry%2Bare%2Balready%2Bdesert.%2Bcentral%2Bafrican%2Brepublic%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phys.org/news/2017-06-wildlife-northern-central-african-republic.html">"Wildlife of northern Central African Republic in danger"</a>. <i>phys.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180919205622/https://phys.org/news/2017-06-wildlife-northern-central-african-republic.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=phys.org&rft.atitle=Wildlife+of+northern+Central+African+Republic+in+danger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphys.org%2Fnews%2F2017-06-wildlife-northern-central-african-republic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/a6e225da-4a31-4e06-818d-ca3aeadfd635/content"><i>Terms and Definitions FRA 2025 Forest Resources Assessment, Working Paper 194</i></a>. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Terms+and+Definitions+FRA+2025+Forest+Resources+Assessment%2C+Working+Paper+194&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organization+of+the+United+Nations&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenknowledge.fao.org%2Fserver%2Fapi%2Fcore%2Fbitstreams%2Fa6e225da-4a31-4e06-818d-ca3aeadfd635%2Fcontent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fra-data.fao.org/assessments/fra/2020/CAF/home/overview">"Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020, Central African Republic"</a>. <i>Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Food+Agriculture+Organization+of+the+United+Nations&rft.atitle=Global+Forest+Resources+Assessment+2020%2C+Central+African+Republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffra-data.fao.org%2Fassessments%2Ffra%2F2020%2FCAF%2Fhome%2Foverview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-11-10/deforestation-surges-in-world-s-no-2-tropical-forest-congo-basin?leadSource=uverify%20wall">"Deforestation Surges in World's No. 2 Tropical Forest"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. 10 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Deforestation+Surges+in+World%27s+No.+2+Tropical+Forest&rft.date=2022-11-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2022-11-10%2Fdeforestation-surges-in-world-s-no-2-tropical-forest-congo-basin%3FleadSource%3Duverify%2520wall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FIW%20All%20Scores%2C%20Countries%2C%201973-2012%20%28FINAL%29.xls">"FIW Score"</a>. <i>Freedom House</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120424223549/http://www.freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FIW%20All%20Scores%2C%20Countries%2C%201973-2012%20%28FINAL%29.xls">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Freedom+House&rft.atitle=FIW+Score&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedomhouse.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FFIW%2520All%2520Scores%252C%2520Countries%252C%25201973-2012%2520%2528FINAL%2529.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLosh2018" class="citation news cs1">Losh, Jack (26 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/rebels-in-the-central-african-republic-are-filling-the-void-of-an-absent-government/2018/03/25/3e11d960-2328-11e8-946c-9420060cb7bd_story.html">"Rebels in the Central African Republic are filling the void of an absent government"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Rebels+in+the+Central+African+Republic+are+filling+the+void+of+an+absent+government&rft.date=2018-03-26&rft.aulast=Losh&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Frebels-in-the-central-african-republic-are-filling-the-void-of-an-absent-government%2F2018%2F03%2F25%2F3e11d960-2328-11e8-946c-9420060cb7bd_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13150040">"Central African Republic profile"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 1 August 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607054633/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13150040">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+profile&rft.date=2018-08-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-13150040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140518174611/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2100.html">"Legal System"</a>. <i>The World Factbook</i>. Central Intelligence Agency. 22 June 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2100.html">the original</a> on 18 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Legal+System&rft.date=2014-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OU-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OU_111-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_111-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNgoulou2020" class="citation web cs1">Ngoulou, Fridolin (11 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oubanguimedias.com/2020/12/11/la-centrafrique-dispose-desormais-de-20-prefectures-et-de-84-sous-prefectures/">"La Centrafrique dispose désormais de 20 préfectures et de 84 sous-préfectures"</a>. <i>oubanguimedias.com</i>. Oubangui Medias. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230921212418/https://oubanguimedias.com/2020/12/11/la-centrafrique-dispose-desormais-de-20-prefectures-et-de-84-sous-prefectures/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=oubanguimedias.com&rft.atitle=La+Centrafrique+dispose+d%C3%A9sormais+de+20+pr%C3%A9fectures+et+de+84+sous-pr%C3%A9fectures&rft.date=2020-12-11&rft.aulast=Ngoulou&rft.aufirst=Fridolin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foubanguimedias.com%2F2020%2F12%2F11%2Fla-centrafrique-dispose-desormais-de-20-prefectures-et-de-84-sous-prefectures%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJauer2009" class="citation web cs1">Jauer, Kersten (July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200724182251/https://odihpn.org/magazine/stuck-in-the-%c2%91recovery-gap%c2%92-the-role-of-humanitarian-aid-in-the-central-african-republic/">"Stuck in the 'recovery gap': the role of humanitarian aid in the Central African Republic"</a>. <i>Humanitarian Practice Network</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://odihpn.org/magazine/stuck-in-the-%c2%91recovery-gap%c2%92-the-role-of-humanitarian-aid-in-the-central-african-republic/">the original</a> on 24 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Humanitarian+Practice+Network&rft.atitle=Stuck+in+the+%27recovery+gap%27%3A+the+role+of+humanitarian+aid+in+the+Central+African+Republic&rft.date=2009-07&rft.aulast=Jauer&rft.aufirst=Kersten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fodihpn.org%2Fmagazine%2Fstuck-in-the-%25c2%2591recovery-gap%25c2%2592-the-role-of-humanitarian-aid-in-the-central-african-republic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201031041743/https://www.foreignassistance.gov/explore/country/Central-African-Republic">"Central African Republic | ForeignAssistance.gov"</a>. <i>www.foreignassistance.gov</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foreignassistance.gov/explore/country/Central-African-Republic">the original</a> on 31 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.foreignassistance.gov&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+%7C+ForeignAssistance.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foreignassistance.gov%2Fexplore%2Fcountry%2FCentral-African-Republic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=58581">CAR: Food shortages increase as fighting intensifies in the northwest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929104529/http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=58581">Archived</a> 29 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. irinnews.org, 29 March 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNreport-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UNreport_115-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cerf.un.org/sites/default/files/resources/Central_African_Republic_110907_New%20Format.pdf">"Central African Republic Executive Summary 2006"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://cerf.un.org/sites/default/files/resources/Central_African_Republic_110907_New%20Format.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Central+African+Republic+Executive+Summary+2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcerf.un.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fresources%2FCentral_African_Republic_110907_New%2520Format.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140201224658/http://www.unpbf.org/countries/central-african-republic/">Central African Republic Peacebuilding Fund – Overview</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>. United Nations.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2008/pbc39.doc.htm">"Peacebuilding Commission Places Central African Republic on Agenda; Ambassador Tells Body 'CAR Will Always Walk Side By Side With You, Welcome Your Advice'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. United Nations. 2 July 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110503183856/http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2008/pbc39.doc.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Peacebuilding+Commission+Places+Central+African+Republic+on+Agenda%3B+Ambassador+Tells+Body+%27CAR+Will+Always+Walk+Side+By+Side+With+You%2C+Welcome+Your+Advice%27&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft.date=2008-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2FNews%2FPress%2Fdocs%2F2008%2Fpbc39.doc.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/peacebuilding/commission/mandate">"Mandate | UNITED NATIONS PEACEBUILDING"</a>. <i>www.un.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200228145902/https://www.un.org/peacebuilding/commission/mandate">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.un.org&rft.atitle=Mandate+%7C+UNITED+NATIONS+PEACEBUILDING&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fpeacebuilding%2Fcommission%2Fmandate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-odi.org-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-odi.org_119-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-odi.org_119-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Veronique Barbelet (2015) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.odi.org/publications/10103-protection-car-africa-conflict-seleka-anti-balaka-peacekeepers">Central African Republic: addressing the protection crisis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222100429/http://www.odi.org/publications/10103-protection-car-africa-conflict-seleka-anti-balaka-peacekeepers">Archived</a> 22 December 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> London: Overseas Development Institute</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-9&chapter=26&clang=_en">"Chapter XXVI: Disarmament – No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons"</a>. United Nations Treaty Collection. 7 July 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190806220546/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-9&chapter=26&clang=_en">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chapter+XXVI%3A+Disarmament+%E2%80%93+No.+9+Treaty+on+the+Prohibition+of+Nuclear+Weapons&rft.pub=United+Nations+Treaty+Collection&rft.date=2017-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftreaties.un.org%2FPages%2FViewDetails.aspx%3Fsrc%3DTREATY%26mtdsg_no%3DXXVI-9%26chapter%3D26%26clang%3D_en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2009_Human_Rights_Report-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2009_Human_Rights_Report_121-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2009_Human_Rights_Report_121-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2009_Human_Rights_Report_121-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2009_Human_Rights_Report_121-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100324180829/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/af/135944.htm">2009 Human Rights Report: Central African Republic</a> . U.S. Department of State, 11 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dol.gov/ilab/reports/child-labor/central_african_republic.htm">"Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor – Central African Republic"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150303052134/http://www.dol.gov/ilab/reports/child-labor/central_african_republic.htm">Archived</a> 3 March 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. dol.gov.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-state.gov-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-state.gov_123-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/af/154337.htm">"2010 Human Rights Report: Central African Republic"</a>. <i>US Department of State</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191005234122/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/af/154337.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=US+Department+of+State&rft.atitle=2010+Human+Rights+Report%3A+Central+African+Republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2009-2017.state.gov%2Fj%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Fhrrpt%2F2010%2Faf%2F154337.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-unicef.org-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-unicef.org_124-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unicef.org_124-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicef.org/wcaro/english/4501_5144.html">"UNICEF WCARO – Media Centre – Central African Republic: Children, not witches"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141020083359/http://www.unicef.org/wcaro/english/4501_5144.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNICEF+WCARO+%E2%80%93+Media+Centre+%E2%80%93+Central+African+Republic%3A+Children%2C+not+witches&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicef.org%2Fwcaro%2Fenglish%2F4501_5144.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/africa/07/19/africa.witchcraft.accusations/">"Report: Accusations of child witchcraft on the rise in Africa"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140827104940/http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/africa/07/19/africa.witchcraft.accusations/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report%3A+Accusations+of+child+witchcraft+on+the+rise+in+Africa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2010%2FWORLD%2Fafrica%2F07%2F19%2Fafrica.witchcraft.accusations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=9832&LangID=E">UN human rights chief says impunity major challenge in run-up to elections in Central African Republic</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140827134314/http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=9832&LangID=E">Archived</a> 27 August 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. ohchr.org. 19 February 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/03/08/child-brides-sold/1972905/">"Child brides around the world sold off like cattle"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. 8 March 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010184412/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/03/08/child-brides-sold/1972905/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Child+brides+around+the+world+sold+off+like+cattle&rft.date=2013-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2013%2F03%2F08%2Fchild-brides-sold%2F1972905%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/CAF">"Central African Republic"</a>. <i>International Human Development Indicators</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202121410/http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/CAF">Archived</a> from the original on 2 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Human+Development+Indicators&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fcountries%2Fprofiles%2FCAF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_129-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_129-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_129-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/459721563221464687/Central-African-Republic-Systematic-Country-Diagnostic-Priorities-for-Ending-Poverty-and-Boosting-Shared-Prosperity">"Central African Republic – Systematic Country Diagnostic : Priorities for Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="The World Bank">The World Bank</a></i>. Washington, D.C.: <span class="nowrap">1–</span>96 19 June 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200227210354/http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/459721563221464687/Central-African-Republic-Systematic-Country-Diagnostic-Priorities-for-Ending-Poverty-and-Boosting-Shared-Prosperity">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span> – via documents.worldbank.org/.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Bank&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+%E2%80%93+Systematic+Country+Diagnostic+%3A+Priorities+for+Ending+Poverty+and+Boosting+Shared+Prosperity&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E96&rft.date=2019-06-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocuments.worldbank.org%2Fcurated%2Fen%2F459721563221464687%2FCentral-African-Republic-Systematic-Country-Diagnostic-Priorities-for-Ending-Poverty-and-Boosting-Shared-Prosperity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/central-african-republic-adopts-bitcoin-104407031.html">"Central African Republic adopts bitcoin as legal currency"</a>. <i>news.yahoo.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220427115523/https://news.yahoo.com/central-african-republic-adopts-bitcoin-104407031.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.yahoo.com&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+adopts+bitcoin+as+legal+currency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fcentral-african-republic-adopts-bitcoin-104407031.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://41.159.136.90/jcms/prodinternet_13698/en/decision-cobac-d-071-2022-relative-a-la-cryptomonnaie">"COBAC - Decision COBAC D-071-2022 on cryptocurrency"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=COBAC+-+Decision+COBAC+D-071-2022+on+cryptocurrency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F41.159.136.90%2Fjcms%2Fprodinternet_13698%2Fen%2Fdecision-cobac-d-071-2022-relative-a-la-cryptomonnaie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/CAF/central-african-republic-qandas">"Frequently Asked Questions on Central African Republic"</a>. <i>International Monetary Fund</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230811051838/https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/CAF/central-african-republic-qandas">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Monetary+Fund&rft.atitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions+on+Central+African+Republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FCountries%2FCAF%2Fcentral-african-republic-qandas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGouteuxBlancPounekrozouCuisance1994" class="citation journal cs1">Gouteux, J. P.; Blanc, F.; Pounekrozou, E.; Cuisance, D.; Mainguet, M.; D'Amico, F.; Le Gall, F. (1994). "Tsetse and livestock in Central African Republic: retreat of Glossina morsitans submorsitans (Diptera, Glossinidae)". <i>Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique</i>. <b>87</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">52–</span>56. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0037-9085">0037-9085</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8003908">8003908</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+de+la+Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+de+Pathologie+Exotique&rft.atitle=Tsetse+and+livestock+in+Central+African+Republic%3A+retreat+of+Glossina+morsitans+submorsitans+%28Diptera%2C+Glossinidae%29&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E52-%3C%2Fspan%3E56&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8003908&rft.issn=0037-9085&rft.aulast=Gouteux&rft.aufirst=J.+P.&rft.au=Blanc%2C+F.&rft.au=Pounekrozou%2C+E.&rft.au=Cuisance%2C+D.&rft.au=Mainguet%2C+M.&rft.au=D%27Amico%2C+F.&rft.au=Le+Gall%2C+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Doing Business 2010. Central African Republic</i>. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; The World Bank. 2009. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1596%2F978-0-8213-7961-5">10.1596/978-0-8213-7961-5</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8213-7961-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8213-7961-5"><bdi>978-0-8213-7961-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Doing+Business+2010.+Central+African+Republic&rft.pub=International+Bank+for+Reconstruction+and+Development%3B+The+World+Bank&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1596%2F978-0-8213-7961-5&rft.isbn=978-0-8213-7961-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-e200-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-e200_135-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-e200_135-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Eur">Eur</a>, pp. 200–202</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham_BoothG._R_McDuellJohn_Sears1999" class="citation book cs1">Graham Booth; G. R McDuell; John Sears (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IEfzrFNicNkC&pg=PA57"><i>World of Science: 2</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-914698-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-914698-7"><bdi>978-0-19-914698-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905084424/https://books.google.com/books?id=IEfzrFNicNkC&pg=PA57">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+of+Science%3A+2&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-19-914698-7&rft.au=Graham+Booth&rft.au=G.+R+McDuell&rft.au=John+Sears&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIEfzrFNicNkC%26pg%3DPA57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Finanace-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Finanace_137-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/102152/Central-African-Republic/40691/Finance-and-trade">"Central African Republic: Finance and trade"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130414234742/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/102152/Central-African-Republic/40691/Finance-and-trade">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic%3A+Finance+and+trade&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F102152%2FCentral-African-Republic%2F40691%2FFinance-and-trade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Eur">Eur</a>, p. 185</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.andritz.com/hydro-en/hydronews/hydropower-africa/central-africa">"Hydropower in Central Africa – Hydro News Africa – ANDRITZ HYDRO"</a>. <i>www.andritz.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200227210353/https://www.andritz.com/hydro-en/hydronews/hydropower-africa/central-africa">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.andritz.com&rft.atitle=Hydropower+in+Central+Africa+%E2%80%93+Hydro+News+Africa+%E2%80%93+ANDRITZ+HYDRO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.andritz.com%2Fhydro-en%2Fhydronews%2Fhydropower-africa%2Fcentral-africa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WorldFactbook-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WorldFactbook_140-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/central-african-republic/#energy">"Central African Republic Energy"</a>. <i>CIA World Factbook</i>. Central Intelligence Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211128/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ct.html#energy">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CIA+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+Energy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fcentral-african-republic%2F%23energy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Regulatory-Market/Pages/RA_Portal/RA_AFR.aspx">"Regional Regulatory Associations in Africa"</a>. <i>www.itu.int</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200227210353/https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Regulatory-Market/Pages/RA_Portal/RA_AFR.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.itu.int&rft.atitle=Regional+Regulatory+Associations+in+Africa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itu.int%2Fen%2FITU-D%2FRegulatory-Market%2FPages%2FRA_Portal%2FRA_AFR.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_142-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/">"World Population Prospects 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs">United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a>, Population Division<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Population+Prospects+2022&rft.pub=United+Nations+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs%2C+Population+Division&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_143-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20(Standard)/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx">"World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XSLX)</span> ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs">United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a>, Population Division<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Population+Prospects+2022%3A+Demographic+indicators+by+region%2C+subregion+and+country%2C+annually+for+1950-2100&rft.pub=United+Nations+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs%2C+Population+Division&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2FDownload%2FFiles%2F1_Indicators%2520%28Standard%29%2FEXCEL_FILES%2F1_General%2FWPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/centralafricanrepublic/">"Central African Republic"</a>. Unaids.org. 29 July 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110830105442/http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/centralafricanrepublic/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Central+African+Republic&rft.pub=Unaids.org&rft.date=2008-07-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unaids.org%2Fen%2Fregionscountries%2Fcountries%2Fcentralafricanrepublic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.unaids.org/pub/GlobalReport/2006/2006_GR_ANN3_en.pdf">ANNEX 3: Country progress indicators</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070809020627/http://data.unaids.org/pub/GlobalReport/2006/2006_GR_ANN3_en.pdf">Archived</a> 9 August 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. unaids.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/central-african-republic/#people-and-society">"Central African Republic: People and Society"</a>. <i>The World Factbook</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic%3A+People+and+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fcentral-african-republic%2F%23people-and-society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citypopulation.de/Centralafrica.html">"Central African Republic"</a>. <i>City Population</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220521070346/http://citypopulation.de/Centralafrica.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+Population&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcitypopulation.de%2FCentralafrica.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Central_African_Republic_2016?lang=en">"Central African Republic 2016 Constitution"</a>. <i>Constitute</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520234829/https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Central_African_Republic_2016?lang=en">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Constitute&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+2016+Constitution&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fconstituteproject.org%2Fconstitution%2FCentral_African_Republic_2016%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2016&dlid=268630">"International Religious Freedom Report 2010"</a>. <i>U.S. Department of State</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230801161938/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2016&dlid=268630">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft.atitle=International+Religious+Freedom+Report+2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2009-2017.state.gov%2Fj%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2Freligiousfreedom%2Findex.htm%3Fyear%3D2016%26dlid%3D268630&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pew_Christians-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pew_Christians_150-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2011/12/19/table-christian-population-as-percentages-of-total-population-by-country/">"Table: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country"</a>. Pew Research Center. 19 December 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170511124911/http://www.pewforum.org/2011/12/19/table-christian-population-as-percentages-of-total-population-by-country/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table%3A+Christian+Population+as+Percentages+of+Total+Population+by+Country&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2011-12-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2011%2F12%2F19%2Ftable-christian-population-as-percentages-of-total-population-by-country%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pew_Muslims-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pew_Muslims_151-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/table-muslim-population-by-country/">"Table: Muslim Population by Country"</a>. Pew Research Center. 27 January 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180406100706/http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/table-muslim-population-by-country/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table%3A+Muslim+Population+by+Country&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2011-01-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2011%2F01%2F27%2Ftable-muslim-population-by-country%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Catholic_Stats-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Catholic_Stats_152-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/country/sccf1.html">"Central African Republic, Statistics by Diocese"</a>. Catholic-Hierarchy.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180518074018/http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/country/sccf1.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Central+African+Republic%2C+Statistics+by+Diocese&rft.pub=Catholic-Hierarchy.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic-hierarchy.org%2Fcountry%2Fsccf1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148671.htm">"Central African Republic"</a>. <i>U.S. Department of State</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200220222715/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148671.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2009-2017.state.gov%2Fj%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2F2010%2F148671.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-24802898">"Central African Republic: Religious tinderbox"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 4 November 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180710010623/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-24802898">Archived</a> from the original on 10 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic%3A+Religious+tinderbox&rft.date=2013-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-24802898&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71292.htm">"Central African Republic. International Religious Freedom Report 2006"</a>. <i>U.S. Department of State</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727185933/https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71292.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic.+International+Religious+Freedom+Report+2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2001-2009.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2F2006%2F71292.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ilab-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ilab_156-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110417022856/http://www.dol.gov/ILAB/media/reports/iclp/tda2001/central-african-republic.htm">"Central African Republic"</a>. <i>Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor (2001)</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_International_Labor_Affairs" title="Bureau of International Labor Affairs">Bureau of International Labor Affairs</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Labor" title="United States Department of Labor">U.S. Department of Labor</a> (2002). <i>This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/car_statistics.html">"Central African Republic – Statistics"</a>. UNICEF. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100623150127/http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/car_statistics.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Central+African+Republic+%E2%80%93+Statistics&rft.pub=UNICEF&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicef.org%2Finfobycountry%2Fcar_statistics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.univ-bangui.org/">"Accueil – Université de Bangui"</a>. <i>www.univ-bangui.org</i>. 18 August 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221226093154/https://www.univ-bangui.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.univ-bangui.org&rft.atitle=Accueil+%E2%80%93+Universit%C3%A9+de+Bangui&rft.date=2022-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.univ-bangui.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUniversity" class="citation web cs1">University, EUCLID. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euclid.int/">"EUCLID (Euclid University) | Official Site"</a>. <i>www.euclid.int</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200203204738/https://www.euclid.int/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.euclid.int&rft.atitle=EUCLID+%28Euclid+University%29+%26%23124%3B+Official+Site&rft.aulast=University&rft.aufirst=EUCLID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euclid.int%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141013121133/http://www.who.int/hac/crises/caf/en/">"WHO – Health in Central African Republic"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.who.int/hac/crises/caf/en/">the original</a> on 13 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WHO+%E2%80%93+Health+in+Central+African+Republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fhac%2Fcrises%2Fcaf%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hdrstats.undp.org-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hdrstats.undp.org_161-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hdrstats.undp.org_161-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hdrstats.undp.org_161-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100905183727/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_CAF.html">"Human Development Report 2009 – Central African Republic"</a>. Hdrstats.undp.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_CAF.html">the original</a> on 5 September 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2009+%E2%80%93+Central+African+Republic&rft.pub=Hdrstats.undp.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdrstats.undp.org%2Fen%2Fcountries%2Fdata_sheets%2Fcty_ds_CAF.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150418113820/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2223rank.html">"Country Comparison :: Maternal mortality rate"</a>. <i>The World Factbook</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2223rank.html">the original</a> on 18 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Country+Comparison+%3A%3A+Maternal+mortality+rate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2223rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141012192739/http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/fgm/prevalence/en/">"WHO – Female genital mutilation and other harmful practices"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/fgm/prevalence/en/">the original</a> on 12 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WHO+%E2%80%93+Female+genital+mutilation+and+other+harmful+practices&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Freproductivehealth%2Ftopics%2Ffgm%2Fprevalence%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.internationalmedicalcorps.org.uk/where-we-work/africa/central-african-republic/mother-and-child-health-in-central-african-republic/">"Mother and child health in Central African Republic"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141020000642/http://www.internationalmedicalcorps.org.uk/where-we-work/africa/central-african-republic/mother-and-child-health-in-central-african-republic/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mother+and+child+health+in+Central+African+Republic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internationalmedicalcorps.org.uk%2Fwhere-we-work%2Fafrica%2Fcentral-african-republic%2Fmother-and-child-health-in-central-african-republic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.msfaccess.org/content/malaria-%E2%80%93-one-leading-causes-death-central-african-republic">"Malaria – one of the leading causes of death in the Central African Republic"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141104172444/http://www.msfaccess.org/content/malaria-%E2%80%93-one-leading-causes-death-central-african-republic">Archived</a> from the original on 4 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Malaria+%E2%80%93+one+of+the+leading+causes+of+death+in+the+Central+African+Republic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.msfaccess.org%2Fcontent%2Fmalaria-%25E2%2580%2593-one-leading-causes-death-central-african-republic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2155rank.html">CIA World Factbook: HIV/AIDS – adult prevalence rate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141221190412/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2155rank.html">Archived</a> 21 December 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Cia.gov. Retrieved 6 April 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/centralafricanrepublic/">"Central African Republic"</a>. Unaids.org. 29 July 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701002023/http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/centralafricanrepublic/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Central+African+Republic&rft.pub=Unaids.org&rft.date=2016-07-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unaids.org%2Fen%2Fregionscountries%2Fcountries%2Fcentralafricanrepublic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/central-african-republic/physicians">"WHO Country Offices in the WHO African Region – WHO | Regional Office for Africa"</a>. Afro.who.int. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140201231102/http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/central-african-republic/physicians">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WHO+Country+Offices+in+the+WHO+African+Region+%E2%80%93+WHO+%26%23124%3B+Regional+Office+for+Africa&rft.pub=Afro.who.int&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indexmundi.com%2Ffacts%2Fcentral-african-republic%2Fphysicians&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalhungerindex.org/ranking.html">"Global Hunger Index Scores by 2024 GHI Rank"</a>. <i>Global Hunger Index (GHI) - peer-reviewed annual publication designed to comprehensively measure and track hunger at the global, regional, and country levels</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+Hunger+Index+%28GHI%29+-+peer-reviewed+annual+publication+designed+to+comprehensively+measure+and+track+hunger+at+the+global%2C+regional%2C+and+country+levels&rft.atitle=Global+Hunger+Index+Scores+by+2024+GHI+Rank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalhungerindex.org%2Franking.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thesportsdb.com/team/136497-Central-African-Republic">"Central African Republic - TheSportsDB.com"</a>. <i>www.thesportsdb.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220813062713/https://www.thesportsdb.com/team/136497-Central-African-Republic">Archived</a> from the original on 13 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thesportsdb.com&rft.atitle=Central+African+Republic+-+TheSportsDB.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesportsdb.com%2Fteam%2F136497-Central-African-Republic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indoafrican.org/centralafricanrepublic.htm">Country Profile – Central African Republic-Sports and Activities</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307100258/http://www.indoafrican.org/centralafricanrepublic.htm">Archived</a> 7 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Indo-African Chamber of Commerce and Industry</i> Retrieved 24 September 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iexplore.com/travel-guides/africa/central-african-republic/things-to-do">Central African Republic — Things to Do</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925092338/http://www.iexplore.com/travel-guides/africa/central-african-republic/things-to-do">Archived</a> 25 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>iExplore</i> Retrieved 24 September 2015.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Eur" class="citation book cs1">Eur (31 October 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1KBP7QbalX0C&pg=PA185"><i>Africa South of the Sahara 2003</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-131-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-131-5"><bdi>978-1-85743-131-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Africa+South+of+the+Sahara+2003&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2002-10-31&rft.isbn=978-1-85743-131-5&rft.au=Eur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1KBP7QbalX0C%26pg%3DPA185&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Kalck" class="citation book cs1">Kalck, Pierre (2004). <i>Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Central+African+Republic&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Kalck%2C+Pierre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="McKenna" class="citation book cs1">McKenna, Amy (2011). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofcentral0000unse_p8v3"><i>The History of Central and Eastern Africa</i></a></span>. The Rosen Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1615303229" title="Special:BookSources/978-1615303229"><bdi>978-1615303229</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Central+and+Eastern+Africa&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1615303229&rft.au=McKenna%2C+Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofcentral0000unse_p8v3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Republic" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Balogh, Besenyo, Miletics, Vogel: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/24965665/La_R%C3%A9publique_Centrafricaine">La République Centrafricaine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Doeden, Matt, <i>Central African Republic in Pictures</i> (Twentyfirst Century Books, 2009).</li> <li>Petringa, Maria, <i>Brazza, A Life for Africa</i> (2006). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4259-1198-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4259-1198-0">978-1-4259-1198-0</a>.</li> <li>Titley, Brian, <i>Dark Age: The Political Odyssey of Emperor Bokassa</i>, 2002.</li> <li>Woodfrok, Jacqueline, <i>Culture and Customs of the Central African Republic </i> (Greenwood Press, 2006).</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Central African Republic</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Central_African_Republic" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Central African Republic">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_centrafricaine" class="extiw" title="c:République centrafricaine">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Central_African_Republic" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Central African Republic">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" class="extiw" title="q:Central African Republic">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Central_African_Republic" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Central African Republic">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Central_African_Republic" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Central African Republic">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Central_African_Republic" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Central African Republic">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Central_African_Republic" class="extiw" title="voy:Central African Republic">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overviews">Overviews</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Overviews"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1067518.stm">Country Profile</a> from <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/central-african-republic/">Central African Republic</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080727023147/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/car.htm">Central African Republic</a> from <i>UCB Libraries GovPubs</i></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of the Central African Republic">Wikimedia Atlas of the Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=CF">Key Development Forecasts for the Central African Republic</a> from <a href="/wiki/International_Futures" title="International Futures">International Futures</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="News">News</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: News"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allafrica.com/centralafricanrepublic/">Central African Republic news headline links</a> from <a href="/wiki/AllAfrica.com" class="mw-redirect" title="AllAfrica.com">AllAfrica.com</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090122192217/http://hdptcar.net/">Central African Republic</a> at <i>Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team (HDPT)</i></li> <li>Johann Hari in Birao, Central African Republic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/inside-frances-secret-war-396062.html">"Inside France's Secret War"</a> from <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>, 5 October 2007</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/central-african-republic-population/#:~:text=the%20Central%20African%20Republic%202024,5%2C330%2C690%20people%20at%20mid%20year.">- Central African Republic Population-Worldometer</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Central_African_Republic_articles728" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Central_African_Republic_topics" title="Template:Central African Republic topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Central_African_Republic_topics" title="Template talk:Central African Republic topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Central_African_Republic_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Central African Republic topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Central_African_Republic_articles728" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central African Republic</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="History of the Central African Republic">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ubangi-Shari" title="Ubangi-Shari">Ubangi-Shari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Equatorial_Africa" title="French Equatorial Africa">French Equatorial Africa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongo-Wara_rebellion" title="Kongo-Wara rebellion">Kongo-Wara rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Empire" title="Central African Empire">Central African Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Bush_War" title="Central African Republic Bush War">Bush War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Civil_War" title="Central African Republic Civil War">Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_conflict_(2013%E2%80%932014)" title="Central African Republic conflict (2013–2014)">2013–2014</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Arms of the Central African Republic"><img alt="Arms of the Central African Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="713" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Geography of the Central African Republic">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Template:Borders of the Central African Republic">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of cities in the Central African Republic">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of ecoregions in the Central African Republic">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of mountains of the Central African Republic">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of rivers of the Central African Republic">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Wildlife of the Central African Republic">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Politics of the Central African Republic">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Subdivisions of the Central African Republic">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in the Central African Republic">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Elections in the Central African Republic">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Foreign relations of the Central African Republic">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Human rights in the Central African Republic">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Law enforcement in the Central African Republic">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Armed_Forces" title="Central African Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Council_of_Ministers" title="Central African Republic Council of Ministers">Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Central_African_Republic)" title="National Assembly (Central African Republic)">National Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of political parties in the Central African Republic">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of heads of state of the Central African Republic">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of heads of government of the Central African Republic">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic#Agriculture" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of banks in the Central African Republic">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_CFA_franc" title="Central African CFA franc">CFA franc <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_in_the_Central_African_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy in the Central African Republic (page does not exist)">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Mining industry of the Central African Republic">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Telecommunications in the Central African Republic">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Tourism in the Central African Republic">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Transport in the Central African Republic">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Category:Society of the Central African Republic">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Child_marriage_in_the_Central_African_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Child marriage in the Central African Republic (page does not exist)">Child marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Demographics of the Central African Republic">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Education in the Central African Republic">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Health in the Central African Republic">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Human trafficking in the Central African Republic">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Languages of the Central African Republic">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Central African Republic">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Polygamy in the Central African Republic">Polygamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Prostitution in the Central African Republic">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Religion in the Central African Republic">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of the Central African Republic">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Cinema of the Central African Republic">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Coat of arms of the Central African Republic">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Cuisine of the Central African Republic">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Flag of the Central African Republic">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Football in the Central African Republic">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_of_the_Central_African_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media of the Central African Republic (page does not exist)">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Music of the Central African Republic">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Public holidays in the Central African Republic">Public holidays</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Outline of the Central African Republic">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93related_topics" title="List of Central African Republic–related topics">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Central_African_Republic" title="Category:Central African Republic">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Central_African_Republic" title="Portal:Central African Republic">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Related_articles83" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Related_articles83" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_of_Africa699" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_of_Africa" title="Template:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_of_Africa" title="Template talk:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_of_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_of_Africa699" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Africa" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa">Countries and territories</a> of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> (partly in Asia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Territorial_dispute" title="Territorial dispute">unclear sovereignty</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent<br />territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Îles Éparses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">African territories<br />fully part of<br />non-African states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pantelleria" title="Pantelleria">Pantelleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagie_Islands" title="Pelagie Islands">Pelagie Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savage_Islands" title="Savage Islands">Savage Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_soberan%C3%ADa" title="Plazas de soberanía">Plazas de soberanía</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socotra" title="Socotra">Socotra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Africa" title="Category:Africa">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Africa" title="Portal:Africa">Africa portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="African_Union350" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:African_Union" title="Template:African Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:African_Union" title="Template talk:African Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:African_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:African Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="African_Union350" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_African_Union" title="History of the African Union">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">Pan-Africanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decolonisation_of_Africa" title="Decolonisation of Africa">Decolonisation of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casablanca_Group" title="Casablanca Group">Casablanca Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monrovia_Group" title="Monrovia Group">Monrovia Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_and_Malagasy_Union" title="African and Malagasy Union">African and Malagasy Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Monetary_Union" title="African Monetary Union">Abuja Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirte_Declaration" title="Sirte Declaration">Sirte Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutive_Act_of_the_African_Union" title="Constitutive Act of the African Union">Lome Summit</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Organisation of African Unity">Organisation of African Unity</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Chairperson of the Organisation of African Unity">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Secretary General of the Organisation of African Unity">Secretary General</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_African_Union" title="Geography of the African Union">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Countries_bordering_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Countries bordering the African Union">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of the African Union">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_African_Union" title="Member states of the African Union">Member states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_African_Union" title="Regions of the African Union">Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Organs_of_the_African_Union" title="Organs of the African Union">Organs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_the_African_Union" title="Executive Council of the African Union">Executive Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Representatives%27_Committee_of_the_African_Union" title="Permanent Representatives' Committee of the African Union">Permanent Representatives' Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialised_Technical_Committees_of_the_African_Union" title="Specialised Technical Committees of the African Union">Specialized Technical Committees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_African_Union" title="Assembly of the African Union">Assembly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_African_Union" title="Chairperson of the African Union">Chairperson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Commission" title="African Union Commission">Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_African_Union_Commission" title="Chairperson of the African Union Commission">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_African_Union_Commission" title="Chairperson of the African Union Commission">Deputy Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Conference_Center_and_Office_Complex" title="African Union Conference Center and Office Complex">AUCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_African_Union_Commission_Chairperson_election" title="2025 African Union Commission Chairperson election">2025 election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pan-African_Parliament" title="Pan-African Parliament">Pan-African Parliament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_the_Pan-African_Parliament" title="Bureau of the Pan-African Parliament">Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Pan-African_Parliament" title="Secretariat of the Pan-African Parliament">Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallagher_Convention_Centre" title="Gallagher Convention Centre">Gallagher Estate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_African_Union" title="Court of Justice of the African Union">African Court of Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Court_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economic,_Social_and_Cultural_Council" title="Economic, Social and Cultural Council">ECOSOCC Committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Security_Committee" title="Peace and Security Committee">Peace and Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Affairs_Committee_(African_Union)" title="Political Affairs Committee (African Union)">Political Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_and_Energy_Committee" title="Infrastructure and Energy Committee">Infrastructure and Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Affairs_and_Health_Committee" title="Social Affairs and Health Committee">Social Affairs and Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Resources,_Science,_and_Technology_Committee" title="Human Resources, Science, and Technology Committee">HR, Sciences and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_and_Industry_Committee_(African_Union)" title="Trade and Industry Committee (African Union)">Trade and Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_Economy_and_Agriculture_Committee" title="Rural Economy and Agriculture Committee">Rural Economy and Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Affairs_Committee_(African_Union)" title="Economic Affairs Committee (African Union)">Economic Affairs</a></li> <li>Women and Gender</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Cutting_Programs_Committee" title="Cross-Cutting Programs Committee">Cross-Cutting Programs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Central_Bank" title="African Central Bank">African Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Monetary_Fund" title="African Monetary Fund">African Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Investment_Bank" title="African Investment Bank">African Investment Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Security_Council" title="Peace and Security Council">Peace and Security Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Capacity_for_Immediate_Response_to_Crises" title="African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crises">ACIRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Standby_Force" title="African Standby Force">African Standby Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_of_the_Wise" title="Panel of the Wise">Panel of the Wise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations%E2%80%93African_Union_Mission_in_Darfur" title="United Nations–African Union Mission in Darfur">UNAMID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_in_Burundi" title="African Union Mission in Burundi">AMIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_in_Sudan" title="African Union Mission in Sudan">AMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_to_Somalia" title="African Union Mission to Somalia">AMISOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MISCA" title="MISCA">MISCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialised agencies and institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Centres_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention">Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the African Union">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Peer_Review_Mechanism" title="African Peer Review Mechanism">APRM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_African_Union" title="Foreign relations of the African Union">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Charter_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Commission_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_African_Union" title="Enlargement of the African Union">Enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Africa_Command" title="United States Africa Command">United States Africa Command</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_military_bases" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States military bases">United States military bases</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_ambassadors_to_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States ambassadors to the African Union">United States ambassadors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union%E2%80%93Ethiopia_relations" title="African Union–Ethiopia relations">African Union–Ethiopia relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of the African Union">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Let_Us_All_Unite_and_Celebrate_Together" title="Let Us All Unite and Celebrate Together">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_the_African_Union" title="Emblem of the African Union">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_African_Union" title="Flag of the African Union">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Passport" title="African Union Passport">Passport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_African_Union" title="Economy of the African Union">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_central_banks_of_Africa" title="List of central banks of Africa">Currencies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gold_standard#Advocates" title="Gold standard">Gold standard</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Development_Bank" title="African Development Bank">Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Economic_Community" title="African Economic Community">African Economic Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Partnership_for_Africa%27s_Development" title="New Partnership for Africa's Development">NEPAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Continental_Free_Trade_Area" title="African Continental Free Trade Area">African Continental Free Trade Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_African_Air_Transport_Market" title="Single African Air Transport Market">Single African Air Transport Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Day" title="Africa Day">Africa Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Border_Day" title="African Border Day">African Border Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Monetary_Union" title="African Monetary Union">Afro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Africa">Federal Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_of_Latin_Africa" title="United States of Latin Africa">United States of Latin Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_African_Federation" title="East African Federation">East African Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:African_Union" title="Category:African Union">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Community_of_Sahel–Saharan_States_(CEN-SAD)85" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Community_of_Sahel%E2%80%93Saharan_States" title="Template:Community of Sahel–Saharan States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Community_of_Sahel%E2%80%93Saharan_States" title="Template talk:Community of Sahel–Saharan States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Community_of_Sahel%E2%80%93Saharan_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Community of Sahel–Saharan States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Community_of_Sahel–Saharan_States_(CEN-SAD)85" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Sahel%E2%80%93Saharan_States" title="Community of Sahel–Saharan States">Community of Sahel–Saharan States (CEN-SAD)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie304" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:La_Francophonie" title="Template:La Francophonie"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:La_Francophonie" title="Template talk:La Francophonie"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:La_Francophonie" title="Special:EditPage/Template:La Francophonie"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie304" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Organisation internationale de la Francophonie</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">National/regional members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Community_of_Belgium" title="French Community of Belgium">French Community of Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Suspended members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_parlementaire_de_la_Francophonie" title="Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie">Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agence_de_Coop%C3%A9ration_Culturelle_et_Technique" title="Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique">Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agence_universitaire_de_la_Francophonie" title="Agence universitaire de la Francophonie">Agence universitaire de la Francophonie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_French_Language_Day" title="UN French Language Day">UN French Language Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Francophonie_Day" title="International Francophonie Day">International Francophonie Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeux_de_la_Francophonie" title="Jeux de la Francophonie">Jeux de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_des_cinq_continents_de_la_francophonie" title="Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie">Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_des_francophones_fonctionnaires_des_organisations_internationales" title="Assemblée des francophones fonctionnaires des organisations internationales">AFFOI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV5Monde" title="TV5Monde">TV5Monde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_La_Francophonie" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in La Francophonie">LGBT rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francophone_economy" title="Francophone economy">Francophone economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senghor_University" title="Senghor University">Senghor University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Category:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_(OIC)298" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Template:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Template talk:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_(OIC)298" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a> (OIC)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Secretary-General of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Secretary-General of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hissein_Brahim_Taha" title="Hissein Brahim Taha">Hissein Brahim Taha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Member states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Pakistan and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Pakistan-OIC relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suspended</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria_and_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Syria and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Syria and OIC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Countries<br />and territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Muslim<br />communities</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">International<br />organizations</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Declarations195" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Declarations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abuja_Declaration_(1989)" title="Abuja Declaration (1989)">Abuja Declaration (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_Declaration_on_Human_Rights_in_Islam" title="Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam">Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OIC_Resolution_10/11" title="OIC Resolution 10/11">OIC Resolution 10/11</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OIC_Council_of_Foreign_Ministers_Resolution_10/37" title="OIC Council of Foreign Ministers Resolution 10/37">OIC Council of Foreign Ministers Resolution 10/37</a> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sessions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Extraordinary748" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extraordinary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="First Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Second Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Third Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Fifth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Sixth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Sixth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Seventh Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Seventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Eighth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Ninth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Arab%E2%80%93Islamic_extraordinary_summit" title="2023 Arab–Islamic extraordinary summit">Arab–Islamic (2023)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Demographics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Economy of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by GDP (PPP)">GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_GDP_per_capita_(PPP)" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by GDP per capita (PPP)">GDP per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_exports" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by exports">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_imports" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by imports">Imports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by population">Population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_in_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="List of largest cities in Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member countries">Largest cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_member_states_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Education in the member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> As the "Turkish Cypriot State".</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2302" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2302" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121686038">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/1146332761218730721">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1203762/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgRP7Kk3fg6gbt7k7rrMP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4067608-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78060051">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb152975155">France</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120027287">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb152975155">BnF data</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120027287">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00573916">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Středoafrická republika"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130989&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007547862205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/863f49fc-16d0-3fa8-beae-242fc8ab114b">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/e0ad430a-b933-45e2-ac7a-baa338373e57">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/2s87IZlJ">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028131762">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/003475">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10035838">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Central_African_Republic&params=7_N_21_E_type:country_region:CF"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">7°N</span> <span class="longitude">21°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">7°N 21°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">7; 21</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&oldid=1275255210">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&oldid=1275255210</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Central_African_Republic" title="Category:Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French-speaking_countries_and_territories" title="Category:French-speaking countries and territories">French-speaking countries and territories</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Landlocked_countries" title="Category:Landlocked countries">Landlocked countries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Least_developed_countries" title="Category:Least developed countries">Least developed countries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Member_states_of_the_Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Category:Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Member_states_of_the_African_Union" title="Category:Member states of the African Union">Member states of the African Union</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Category:Member states of the United Nations">Member states of the United Nations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Republics" title="Category:Republics">Republics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_established_in_1960" title="Category:States and territories established in 1960">States and territories established in 1960</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Central_African_countries" title="Category:Central African countries">Central African countries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1960_establishments_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Category:1960 establishments in the Central African Republic">1960 establishments in the Central African Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Countries_in_Africa" title="Category:Countries in Africa">Countries in Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Observer_states_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Category:Observer states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Observer states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Sango-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Sango-language text">Articles containing Sango-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Sango_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Sango IPA">Pages with Sango IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_French_IPA" title="Category:Pages with French IPA">Pages with French IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_other_archives" title="Category:Webarchive template other archives">Webarchive template other archives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:Articles with French-language sources (fr)">Articles with French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2022">Use dmy dates from August 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2022" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating_from_December_2022" title="Category:Wikipedia articles in need of updating from December 2022">Wikipedia articles in need of updating from December 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles in need of updating">All Wikipedia articles in need of updating</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hatnote_templates_targeting_a_nonexistent_page" title="Category:Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page">Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2010" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_prone_to_spam_from_June_2020" title="Category:Articles prone to spam from June 2020">Articles prone to spam from June 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_hidden_wikidata" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata">Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_default_search" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with default search">Pages using Sister project links with default search</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 February 2025, at 23:25<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Republic&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Central African Republic</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>241 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-fsvsv","wgBackendResponseTime":230,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.899","walltime":"2.226","ppvisitednodes":{"value":15931,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":588826,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":95741,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":69,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":591848,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1858.972 1 -total"," 43.19% 802.840 2 Template:Reflist"," 16.85% 313.172 1 Template:Infobox_country"," 16.52% 307.109 75 Template:Cite_web"," 7.42% 137.965 13 Template:Cite_book"," 5.49% 102.108 1 Template:Sister_project_links"," 5.14% 95.616 4 Template:Plainlist"," 4.92% 91.382 23 Template:Cite_news"," 4.66% 86.582 8 Template:Cite_journal"," 4.53% 84.284 2 Template:Native_name"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.126","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":19951689,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-profile":[["?","320","26.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","220","18.3"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","120","10.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::formatDate","100","8.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntityStatements","60","5.0"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","60","5.0"],["init \u003CModule:Citation/CS1/Date_validation\u003E","40","3.3"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","40","3.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","40","3.3"],["validateData \u003Cmw.lua:728\u003E","40","3.3"],["[others]","160","13.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-5b65fffc7d-hcvmv","timestamp":"20250214152806","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Central African Republic","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_African_Republic","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q929","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q929","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-08-21T22:10:57Z","dateModified":"2025-02-11T23:25:39Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6f\/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg","headline":"country in Central Africa"}</script> </body> </html>