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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Editions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Suda</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9)" title="سودا (موسوعة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سودا (موسوعة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda_(ensiklopediya)" title="Suda (ensiklopediya) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Suda (ensiklopediya)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Суда – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Суда" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souda" title="Souda – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Souda" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%AFdas" title="Suïdas – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Suïdas" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda_(slovn%C3%ADk)" title="Suda (slovník) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Suda (slovník)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B4%CE%B1_(%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C)" title="Σούδα (λεξικό) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σούδα (λεξικό)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suido" title="Suido – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Suido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7_(%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8)" title="سودا (کتاب) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سودا (کتاب)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souda" title="Souda – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Souda" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%ADdas" title="Suídas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Suídas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%8B%A4" title="수다 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수다" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%A1_(%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6)" title="Սուդա (հանրագիտարան) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուդա (հանրագիտարան)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda_(enciclopedia)" title="Suda (enciclopedia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Suda (enciclopedia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%93%D7%90" title="סודא – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סודא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%90" title="სვიდა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სვიდა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda_(enciklop%C4%93dija)" title="Suda (enciklopēdija) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Suda (enciklopēdija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szuda-lexikon" title="Szuda-lexikon – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szuda-lexikon" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE" title="सुदा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सुदा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%80%E8%BE%9E%E5%85%B8" title="スーダ辞典 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スーダ辞典" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%C3%AFda" title="Soïda – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Soïda" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ksi%C4%99ga_Suda" title="Księga Suda – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Księga Suda" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda_(enciclopedie)" title="Suda (enciclopedie) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Suda (enciclopedie)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Суда (энциклопедия) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Суда (энциклопедия)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda_(encyklopedick%C3%BD_slovn%C3%ADk)" title="Suda (encyklopedický slovník) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Suda (encyklopedický slovník)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Суда – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Суда" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda" title="Suda – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Suda" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Суда – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Суда" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souda" title="Souda – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Souda" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BE%BE%E8%BE%9E%E4%B9%A6" title="苏达辞书 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="苏达辞书" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q216299#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Suda_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Suda (disambiguation)">Suda (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Souda_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Souda (disambiguation)">Souda (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Suda.jpg/220px-Suda.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Suda.jpg/330px-Suda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Suda.jpg/440px-Suda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>First page of an early printed edition of the <i>Suda</i></figcaption></figure> <p>The <i><b>Suda</b></i> or <i><b>Souda</b></i> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Greek language">Medieval Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Σοῦδα</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Medieval_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Medieval Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Medieval Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Soûda</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Suidae Lexicon</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a large 10th-century <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedia</a> of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Mediterranean_region" title="History of the Mediterranean region">ancient Mediterranean world</a>, formerly attributed to an author called <b>Soudas</b> (Σούδας) or <b>Souidas</b> (Σουίδας). It is an encyclopedic <a href="/wiki/Lexicon" title="Lexicon">lexicon</a>, written in <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Greek" title="Medieval Greek">Greek</a>, with 30,000 entries, many drawing from ancient sources that have since been lost, and often derived from <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Christianity in the Middle Ages">medieval Christian</a> compilers. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Title">Title</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Title"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The exact spelling of the title is disputed.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The transmitted title (<i>paradosis</i>) is "Suida", which is also attested in <a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Thessalonica" title="Eustathius of Thessalonica">Eustathius</a>' commentary on <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>'s epic poems; several conjectures has been made, both defending it and trying to correct it in "Suda".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Maas_(classical_scholar)" title="Paul Maas (classical scholar)">Paul Maas</a> advocated for the Σοῦδα spelling, connecting it to the Latin verb <i>suda</i>, the second-person singular imperative of <i>sudāre</i>, "to sweat".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_D%C3%B6lger" title="Franz Dölger">Franz Dölger</a> also defended Σοῦδα, tracing its origins back to Byzantine military lexicon (σοῦδα, "ditch, trench", then "fortress").<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Gr%C3%A9goire_(historian)" title="Henri Grégoire (historian)">Henri Grégoire</a>, starting from a critique to Dölger's interpretation, defended a proposal advanced by one of his pupils, and explained the word Σοῦδα as the acrostic of Συναγογὴ ὁνομάτων ὑπὸ διαφόρων ἀνδρῶν σοφῶν, "Collection of names (words) by different learned men", or alternatively Συναγογὴ ὁνομαστικῆς ὕλης δι' ἀλφαβήτου, "Collection of lexicographical material in alphabetical order".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This suggestion was also supported by French Hellenist and Byzantinist <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Dain" title="Alphonse Dain">Alphonse Dain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silvio_Giuseppe_Mercati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silvio Giuseppe Mercati (page does not exist)">Silvio Giuseppe Mercati</a> wrote on the matter twice: firstly in an article appeared in the academic journal <i>Byzantion</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later in an expanded version of the same.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He suggested a link with the Neo-Latin substantive <i>guida</i> ("guide"), transliterated in Greek as γουίδα and later miswritten as σουίδα. This interpretation was strongly criticized by Dölger, who also refused to publish Mercati's first article on the <i>Byzantinische Zeitschrift</i>; on the other hand, Giuseppe Schirò supported it.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Hemmerdinger" title="Bertrand Hemmerdinger">Bertrand Hemmerdinger</a> interpreted Σουΐδας as a <a href="/wiki/Doric_Greek" title="Doric Greek">Doric</a> <a href="/wiki/Genitive_case" title="Genitive case">genitive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Other suggestions include Jan Sajdak's theory that σοῦδα / σουίδα may derive from <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">sanskrit</a> <i>suvidyā</i> (which he translated into Latin: <i>perfecta cumulataque scientia</i>, "collected and systemized knowledge");<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Giuseppe Scarpat's link to an unidentified Judas, the supposed author of the Lexicon;<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Hans Gerstinger's explanation which points at Russian <i>sudá</i> "here", as the answer to the question "τί ποῦ κεῖται;" "what is it and where is it?".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most recent explanation<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (September 2024)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup> as of 2024 has been advanced by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudia_Nuovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claudia Nuovo (page does not exist)">Claudia Nuovo</a>, who defended Σοῦδα on palaeographical, philological and historical grounds<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Please clarify the preceding statement or statements with a good explanation from a reliable source. (September 2024)">how?</span></a></i>]</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Content_and_sources">Content and sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Content and sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">pecus est Suidas, sed pecus aurei velleris</i></span><br /> [Suidas is cattle, but cattle with a golden fleece]</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Justus_Lipsius" title="Justus Lipsius">Lipsius</a></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The <i>Suda</i> is somewhere between a grammatical dictionary and an encyclopedia in the modern sense. It explains the source, derivation, and meaning of words according to the <a href="/wiki/Philology" title="Philology">philology</a> of its period, using such earlier authorities as <a href="/wiki/Harpocration" title="Harpocration">Harpocration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Helladius_(grammarian)" title="Helladius (grammarian)">Helladios</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a rich source of ancient and Byzantine history and life, although not every article is of equal quality, and it is an "uncritical" compilation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Much of the work is probably interpolated,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and passages that refer to <a href="/wiki/Michael_Psellos" title="Michael Psellos">Michael Psellos</a> (c. 1017–1078) are deemed <a href="/wiki/Interpolation_(manuscripts)" title="Interpolation (manuscripts)">interpolations</a> which were added in later copies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biographical_notices">Biographical notices</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Biographical notices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This <a href="/wiki/Lexicon" title="Lexicon">lexicon</a> contains numerous biographical notices on political, ecclesiastical, and literary figures of the Byzantine Empire to the tenth century, those biographical entries being condensations from the works of <a href="/wiki/Hesychius_of_Miletus" title="Hesychius of Miletus">Hesychius of Miletus</a>, as the author himself avers. Other sources were the encyclopedia of <a href="/wiki/Constantine_VII_Porphyrogenitus" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus">Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus</a> (reigned 912–959) for the figures in ancient history, excerpts of <a href="/wiki/John_of_Antioch_(chronicler)" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Antioch (chronicler)">John of Antioch</a> (seventh century) for <a href="/wiki/History_of_Rome" title="History of Rome">Roman history</a>, the chronicle of <a href="/wiki/George_Hamartolus" class="mw-redirect" title="George Hamartolus">Hamartolus</a> (<a href="/wiki/George_Hamartolos" title="George Hamartolos">Georgios Monachos</a>, 9th century) for the Byzantine age<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, the biographies of <a href="/wiki/Diogenes_La%C3%ABrtius" class="mw-redirect" title="Diogenes Laërtius">Diogenes Laërtius</a>, and the works of <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philostratus" title="Philostratus">Philostratus</a>. Other principal sources include a lexicon by "<a href="/wiki/Eudemus_of_Rhodes" title="Eudemus of Rhodes">Eudemus</a>," perhaps derived from the work <i>On Rhetorical Language</i> by Eudemus of Argos.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lost_scholia">Lost scholia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Lost scholia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The lexicon copiously draws from <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">scholia</a> to the classics (<a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, etc.), and for later writers, <a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Chronicon_Paschale" title="Chronicon Paschale">Chronicon Paschale</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/George_Syncellus" title="George Syncellus">George Syncellus</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Hamartolus" class="mw-redirect" title="George Hamartolus">George Hamartolus</a>, and so on.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Suda</i> quotes or paraphrases these sources at length. Since many of the originals are lost, the <i>Suda</i> serves as an invaluable repository of literary history, and this preservation of the "literary history" is more vital than the lexicographical compilation itself, by some estimation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suda,_Vaticanus_graecus_1296.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Suda%2C_Vaticanus_graecus_1296.jpg/220px-Suda%2C_Vaticanus_graecus_1296.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Suda%2C_Vaticanus_graecus_1296.jpg/330px-Suda%2C_Vaticanus_graecus_1296.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Suda%2C_Vaticanus_graecus_1296.jpg/440px-Suda%2C_Vaticanus_graecus_1296.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2711" data-file-height="1976" /></a><figcaption>Page from Vaticanus graecus 1296</figcaption></figure> <p>The lexicon is arranged alphabetically with some slight deviations from common vowel order and place in the Greek alphabet<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (including at each case the homophonous <a href="/wiki/Digraph_(orthography)" title="Digraph (orthography)">digraphs</a>, e.g. <span title="Medieval Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">αι, ει, οι</span></span>, that had been previously, earlier in the history of Greek, distinct <a href="/wiki/Diphthong" title="Diphthong">diphthongs</a> or vowels) according to a system (formerly common in many languages) called <i>antistoichia</i> (<span title="Medieval Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">ἀντιστοιχία</span></span>); namely the letters follow phonetically in order of sound according the pronunciation of the tenth century, which was similar to <a href="/wiki/Modern_Greek_phonology" title="Modern Greek phonology">that</a> of Modern Greek. The order is: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><span title="Medieval Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">α, β, γ, δ, αι, ε, ζ, ει, η, ι, θ, κ, λ, μ, ν, ξ, ο, ω, π, ρ, σ, τ, οι, υ, φ, χ, ψ</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In addition, double letters are treated as single for the purposes of collation (as <a href="/wiki/Gemination" title="Gemination">gemination</a> had ceased to be distinctive). The system is not difficult to learn and remember, but some editors—for example, <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Bekker" class="mw-redirect" title="Immanuel Bekker">Immanuel Bekker</a> – rearranged the <i>Suda</i> alphabetically. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Little is known about the compiler of the <i>Suda</i>. He probably lived in the second half of the 10th century, because the death of emperor <a href="/wiki/John_I_Tzimiskes" title="John I Tzimiskes">John I Tzimiskes</a> and his succession by <a href="/wiki/Basil_II" title="Basil II">Basil II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constantine_VIII" title="Constantine VIII">Constantine VIII</a> are mentioned in the entry under "<a href="/wiki/Adam_(Bible)" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam (Bible)">Adam</a>" which is appended with a brief <a href="/wiki/Chronology" title="Chronology">chronology</a> of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At any rate, the work must have appeared by the 12th century, since it is frequently quoted from and alluded to by <a href="/wiki/Eustathios_(archbishop_of_Thessalonike)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eustathios (archbishop of Thessalonike)">Eustathius</a> who lived from about 1115 AD to about 1195 or 1196.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also been stated that the work was a <a href="/wiki/Collaborative_writing" title="Collaborative writing">collective work</a>, thus not having had a single author, and that the name which it is known under does not refer to a specific person.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMazzucchi2020_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMazzucchi2020-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The work deals with <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">biblical</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Paganism" title="Paganism">pagan</a> subjects, from which it is inferred that the writer was a <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In any case, it lacks definite guidelines besides some minor interest in religious matters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMazzucchi2020_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMazzucchi2020-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The standard printed edition was compiled by Danish classical scholar <a href="/wiki/Ada_Adler" title="Ada Adler">Ada Adler</a> in the first half of the twentieth century. A modern collaborative English translation, the <i>Suda On Line,</i> was completed on 21 July 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Suda</i> has a near-contemporaneous Islamic parallel, the <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Fihrist" title="Al-Fihrist">Kitab al-Fehrest</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Nadim" title="Ibn al-Nadim">Ibn al-Nadim</a>. Compare also the Latin <i><a href="/wiki/Speculum_Maius" title="Speculum Maius">Speculum Maius</a></i>, authored in the 13th century by <a href="/wiki/Vincent_of_Beauvais" title="Vincent of Beauvais">Vincent of Beauvais</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editions">Editions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Editions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKüster1705" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ludolph_K%C3%BCster" title="Ludolph Küster">Küster, Ludolf</a>, ed. (1705). <i>Suidae Lexicon, Graece & Latine</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Suidae+Lexicon%2C+Graece+%26+Latine&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1705&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/suidaelexicongr01suid/">vol. 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/suidaelexicongr02suid">vol. 2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/suidaelexicongr03suid">vol. 3</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaisford1834" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gaisford" title="Thomas Gaisford">Gaisford, Thomas</a>, ed. (1834). <i>Suidae Lexicon</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Suidae+Lexicon&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1834&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fupCAAAAcAAJ">vol. 1 (A–Θ)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XupCAAAAcAAJ">vol. 2 (Κ–Ψ)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BedCAAAAcAAJ">vol. 3 (Indices)</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBekker1854" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/August_Immanuel_Bekker" title="August Immanuel Bekker">Bekker, Immanuel</a>, ed. (1854). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/suidaelexicon01bekkgoog/"><i>Suidae Lexicon</i></a>. Berlin: G. Reimer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Suidae+Lexicon&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=G.+Reimer&rft.date=1854&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsuidaelexicon01bekkgoog%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdler1928–38" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-year-range-abbreviated"><a href="/wiki/Ada_Adler" title="Ada Adler">Adler, Ada</a>, ed. (1928–38). <i>Suidae Lexicon</i>. Leipzig: B. G. Teubner.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Suidae+Lexicon&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pub=B.+G.+Teubner&rft.date=1928%2F1938&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span> Reprinted 1967–71, Stuttgart.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Natural_History_(Pliny)" title="Natural History (Pliny)">Naturalis Historia</a></i></span> by <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Etymologicum_Magnum" title="Etymologicum Magnum">Etymologicum Magnum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Etymologicum_Genuinum" title="Etymologicum Genuinum">Etymologicum Genuinum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesychius_of_Alexandria" title="Hesychius of Alexandria">Hesychius of Alexandria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Citations</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gaisford" title="Thomas Gaisford">Gaisford Thomas</a>, ed., (1834), <i>Suidae Lexicon</i>, 3 vols.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">It is worth noticing that Adler's edition maintains the spelling <i>Suida</i>/Σουΐδα (as Gaisford's and Bekker's editions did), in continuity with the manuscripts, but modern scholarship prefers <i>Suda</i>/Σούδα.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNuovo2022" class="citation journal cs1">Nuovo, Claudia (2022). "Un'ultima <i>teichotaphromachia</i> per il lessico <i>Suda</i>". <i>Jahrbuch der österreichischen Byzantinistik</i>. <b>72</b>: 421–426.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jahrbuch+der+%C3%B6sterreichischen+Byzantinistik&rft.atitle=Un%27ultima+teichotaphromachia+per+il+lessico+Suda&rft.volume=72&rft.pages=421-426&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Nuovo&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaas1932" class="citation journal cs1">Maas, Paul (1932). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/byzs.1932.32.1.1">"Der Titel des "Suidas"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Byzantinische Zeitschrift</i>. <b>32</b> (1): 1. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2Fbyzs.1932.32.1.1">10.1515/byzs.1932.32.1.1</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191333687">191333687</a> – via De Gruyter.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Byzantinische+Zeitschrift&rft.atitle=Der+Titel+des+%22Suidas%22&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1932&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2Fbyzs.1932.32.1.1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A191333687%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Maas&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1515%2Fbyzs.1932.32.1.1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDölger1936" class="citation book cs1">Dölger, Franz (1936). <i>Der Titel der sogenannten Suidaslexicons</i>. <i>Sitzungsberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Abteilung. Jahrgang</i> 1936. <i>Heft</i> 6. München: Bayerische Akademie des Wissenschaften.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Der+Titel+der+sogenannten+Suidaslexicons&rft.place=M%C3%BCnchen&rft.series=%27%27Sitzungsberichte+der+Bayerischen+Akademie+der+Wissenschaften%2C+Philosophisch-Historische+Abteilung.+Jahrgang%27%27+1936.+%27%27Heft%27%27+6&rft.pub=Bayerische+Akademie+des+Wissenschaften&rft.date=1936&rft.aulast=D%C3%B6lger&rft.aufirst=Franz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDölger1938" class="citation journal cs1">Dölger, Franz (1938). "Zur σοῦδα – Frage". <i>Byzantinische Zeitschrift</i>. <b>38</b> (1): 36–57. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2Fbyzs.1938.38.1.36">10.1515/byzs.1938.38.1.36</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191479647">191479647</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Byzantinische+Zeitschrift&rft.atitle=Zur+%CF%83%CE%BF%E1%BF%A6%CE%B4%CE%B1+%E2%80%93+Frage&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=36-57&rft.date=1938&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2Fbyzs.1938.38.1.36&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A191479647%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=D%C3%B6lger&rft.aufirst=Franz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrégoire1937" class="citation journal cs1">Grégoire, Henri (1937). "Suidas et son mystère". <i>Les études classiques</i>. <b>6</b>: 346–355.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Les+%C3%A9tudes+classiques&rft.atitle=Suidas+et+son+myst%C3%A8re&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=346-355&rft.date=1937&rft.aulast=Gr%C3%A9goire&rft.aufirst=Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrégoire1937" class="citation journal cs1">Grégoire, Henri (1937). "Étymologies byzantino-latines". <i>Byzantion</i>. <b>12</b>: 293–300, 658–666.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Byzantion&rft.atitle=%C3%89tymologies+byzantino-latines&rft.volume=12&rft.pages=293-300%2C+658-666&rft.date=1937&rft.aulast=Gr%C3%A9goire&rft.aufirst=Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrégoire1938" class="citation journal cs1">Grégoire, Henri (1938). "La teichotaphromachia". <i>Byzantion</i>. <b>13</b>: 389–391.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Byzantion&rft.atitle=La+teichotaphromachia&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=389-391&rft.date=1938&rft.aulast=Gr%C3%A9goire&rft.aufirst=Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrégoire1944–1945" class="citation journal cs1">Grégoire, Henri (1944–1945). "La fin d'une controverse: koptō taphron, taphrokopō". <i>Byzantion</i>. <b>17</b>: 330–331.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Byzantion&rft.atitle=La+fin+d%27une+controverse%3A+kopt%C5%8D+taphron%2C+taphrokop%C5%8D&rft.volume=17&rft.pages=330-331&rft.date=1944%2F1945&rft.aulast=Gr%C3%A9goire&rft.aufirst=Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDain1937" class="citation journal cs1">Dain, Alphonse (1937). "Suda dans les traités militaires". <i>Annuaire de l'Institut de Philologie et d'Histoire Orientales et Slaves</i>. <b>5</b>: 233–241.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annuaire+de+l%27Institut+de+Philologie+et+d%27Histoire+Orientales+et+Slaves&rft.atitle=Suda+dans+les+trait%C3%A9s+militaires&rft.volume=5&rft.pages=233-241&rft.date=1937&rft.aulast=Dain&rft.aufirst=Alphonse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMercati1957" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Mercati, Silvio Giuseppe (1957). "Intorno al titolo dei lessici di Suida-Suda e di Papia". <i>Byzantion</i>. 25/26/27 (1): 173–93.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Byzantion&rft.atitle=Intorno+al+titolo+dei+lessici+di+Suida-Suda+e+di+Papia&rft.volume=25%2F26%2F27&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=173-93&rft.date=1957&rft.aulast=Mercati&rft.aufirst=Silvio+Giuseppe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMercati1960" class="citation journal cs1">Mercati, Silvio Giuseppe (1960). 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Warszawa. p. 723.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Literatura+Bizanty%C5%84ska&rft.btitle=Wielka+literatura+powszechna+Trzaski%2C+Everta+i+Michalskiego&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=723&rft.date=1933&rft.aulast=Sajdak&rft.aufirst=Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSajdak1934" class="citation journal cs1">Sajdak, Jan (1934). "Liber Suda". <i>Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk. Prace Komisji Filologicznej</i>. <b>7</b>: 249–272.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pozna%C5%84skie+Towarzystwo+Przyjaci%C3%B3%C5%82+Nauk.+Prace+Komisji+Filologicznej&rft.atitle=Liber+Suda&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=249-272&rft.date=1934&rft.aulast=Sajdak&rft.aufirst=Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScarpat1960–1961" class="citation journal cs1">Scarpat, Giuseppe (1960–1961). "Una nuova ipotesi sull'autore del lessico detto di Suida". <i>Atti del Sodalizio Glottologico Milanese</i>. <b>14</b>: 3–11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atti+del+Sodalizio+Glottologico+Milanese&rft.atitle=Una+nuova+ipotesi+sull%27autore+del+lessico+detto+di+Suida&rft.volume=14&rft.pages=3-11&rft.date=1960%2F1961&rft.aulast=Scarpat&rft.aufirst=Giuseppe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerstringer1961" class="citation journal cs1">Gerstringer, Hans (1961). "Review of: S. G. Mercati, Intorno al titolo dei lessici di Suida-Suda e di Papia, Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Memorie, Classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche VIII, 10 (1960) 3–50". <i>Gnomon</i>. <b>50</b>: 783–785.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gnomon&rft.atitle=Review+of%3A+S.+G.+Mercati%2C+Intorno+al+titolo+dei+lessici+di+Suida-Suda+e+di+Papia%2C+Atti+della+Accademia+Nazionale+dei+Lincei%2C+Memorie%2C+Classe+di+scienze+morali%2C+storiche+e+filologiche+VIII%2C+10+%281960%29+3%E2%80%9350&rft.volume=50&rft.pages=783-785&rft.date=1961&rft.aulast=Gerstringer&rft.aufirst=Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_21-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm (1911)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbermann1913_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHerbermann1913">Herbermann (1913)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krumbacher, Karl (1897), <i>Byzantinische Literatur</i>, p. 566, cited by <a href="#CITEREFHerbermann1913">Herbermann (1913)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Krumbacher" title="Karl Krumbacher">Karl Krumbacher</a> concluded the two main biographical sources were "Constantine VII for ancient history, Hamartolus (Georgios Monarchos) for the Byzantine age".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krumbacher, Karl, <i>Geschichte der byzantinischen Litteratur</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hRtZVWDfBw8C&pg=PA268">pp. 268f.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gaisford, Thomas, ed., (1853) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7OFCgP0UCy4C&pg=PA30">Suidae lexicon: Graecè et Latinè</a>, Volume 1, Part 1, page XXXIX (in Greek and Latin)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMazzucchi2020-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMazzucchi2020_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMazzucchi2020_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMazzucchi2020">Mazzucchi 2020</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMazzucchi2020 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stoa.org/sol/history.shtml">"The History of the Suda On Line"</a>. <i>Stoa</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2015</span>. <q>A translation of the last of the Suda's 31000+ entries was submitted to the database on July 21, 2014 and vetted the next day.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stoa&rft.atitle=The+History+of+the+Suda+On+Line&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stoa.org%2Fsol%2Fhistory.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span> Also <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahoney2009" class="citation journal cs1">Mahoney, Anne (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/003/1/000025/000025.html">"Tachypaedia Byzantina: The Suda On Line as Collaborative Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>Digital Humanities Quarterly</i>. <b>3</b> (1). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231209045035/http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/003/1/000025/000025.html">Archived</a> from the original on Dec 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Digital+Humanities+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Tachypaedia+Byzantina%3A+The+Suda+On+Line+as+Collaborative+Encyclopedia&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Mahoney&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalhumanities.org%2Fdhq%2Fvol%2F003%2F1%2F000025%2F000025.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Bibliography</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/S%C5%AB%C3%AFdas" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Sūïdas">Sūïdas</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=S%C5%AB%C3%AFdas&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Dickey" title="Eleanor Dickey">Dickey, Eleanor</a>. <i>Ancient Greek Scholarship: a guide to finding, reading, and understanding scholia, commentaries, lexica, and grammatical treatises, from their beginnings to the Byzantine period.</i> Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195312935" title="Special:BookSources/9780195312935">9780195312935</a>.</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbermann1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Suidas" class="extiw" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Suidas">Suidas</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Suidas&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuda" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suda&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lexicon.katabiblon.com/suda/index.php?">Index of the Suda on line</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-html/"><i>Suda</i> On Line</a>. An on-line edition of the Greek (the <a href="/wiki/Ada_Adler" title="Ada Adler">Ada Adler</a> edition) with full English translations and commentary.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/work?id=olbp69034">Suda lexicon</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Online_Books_Page" title="Online Books Page">Online Books Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231029152638/http://www.physics.ntua.gr/mourmouras/ilias_odysseia/Lexiko/souida.html">Suda lexicon in Greek</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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