CINXE.COM
Arms control | OSCE
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["gov-bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"ac1e88bca1",applicationID:"93306740"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.285.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},5217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>m,gD:()=>v,xN:()=>h});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources",a=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var s=r(2614),c=r(944),u=r(384),l=r(8122);const d="[data-nr-mask]",f=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:s.wk,inactiveMs:s.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){a(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(d):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=d:(0,c.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){a(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,c.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,c.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},g={},p="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function m(e){if(!e)throw new Error(p);if(!g[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return g[e]}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);g[e]=(0,l.a)(t,f());const r=(0,u.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=g[e])}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);var r=m(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>d});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},l={};function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(l[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(l[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=l[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.285.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>l,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},3241:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(6154);const i="newrelic";function o(e={}){try{n.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(i,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};l(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function d(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(l(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},l={},d=!1;try{d=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),l=c.length,d=0;d<l;d++)c[d].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:d?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:d};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return l[t]=l[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),l=(0,n.Zm)();l.ee||(l.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5701:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{B:()=>a,t:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(3241);const o=new Set,a={};function s(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);a[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(o.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),a[t]=e,o.add(t),(0,i.W)({agentIdentifier:t,loaded:!0,type:"lifecycle",name:"load",feature:void 0,data:e})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>l,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>d});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function l(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];l(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return l(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,l,d;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],l="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],l],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],l,c);try{return d=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],l,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,d],l,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function l(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A$:()=>o,ET:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o={OFF:0,ERROR:1,WARN:2,INFO:3,DEBUG:4,TRACE:5},a="log";n.K7.logging},8154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{z_:()=>o,XG:()=>s,TZ:()=>n,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a});r(6154),r(9566),r(384);const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>V});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),l=r(6154),d=r(944),f=r(8154),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),R=r(3434);const A=new Map;function E(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,d.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,R.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[R.Jt]||t[r];return A.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>A.get(c))),i}var _=r(3241),x=r(5701);function N(){const e=(0,g.pV)();m.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,d.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const k={};function I(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const m={};var w=s.ee.get(e),R=w.get("tracer");k[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{k[e]=t}));var A="api-",N=A+"ixn-";function I(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),S(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}m.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,v.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},m.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),E(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},h.forEach((e=>{m[e]=S(A,e,!0,"api")})),m.addPageAction=S(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.recordCustomEvent=S(A,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,S(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},m.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return I(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,d.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,d.R)(39,typeof e)},m.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return I("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,d.R)(41,typeof e)},m.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return I("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,d.R)(42,typeof e)},m.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,d.R)(23,e)}},m[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const j=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(N+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(R.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw R.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{R.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function S(t,r,i,o){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+r+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,_.W)({agentIdentifier:e,loaded:!!x.B?.[e],type:"data",name:"api",feature:t+r,data:{notSpa:i,bufferGroup:o}}),o&&(0,a.p)(t+r,[i?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],i?null:this,o,w),i?void 0:this}}function O(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,d.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{j[e]=S(N,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),m.setCurrentRouteName=g?S(N,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):S(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),m.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!k[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},l.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>O()),!0):O(),m}var T=r(5217),j=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},O={};const P=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let K=!1;function V(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d={},exposed:f=!0}=t;d.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,T.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");O[e]=(0,j.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=O[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},l.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const m=(0,T.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),h=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];K||(m.proxy.assets&&(P(m.proxy.assets),h.push(m.proxy.assets)),m.proxy.beacon&&h.push(m.proxy.beacon),N(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",x.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===m.soft_navigations.enabled&&m.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),d.denyList=[...m.ajax.deny_list||[],...m.ajax.block_internal?h:[]],d.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,d),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=I(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),K||(0,_.W)({agentIdentifier:e.agentIdentifier,loaded:!!x.B?.[e.agentIdentifier],type:"lifecycle",name:"initialize",feature:void 0,data:{init:m,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d}}),K=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>l,K7:()=>c,P3:()=>u,XX:()=>i,Yy:()=>s,df:()=>o,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s="browser/logs",c={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},u={[c.pageViewEvent]:1,[c.pageViewTiming]:2,[c.metrics]:3,[c.jserrors]:4,[c.spa]:5,[c.ajax]:6,[c.sessionTrace]:7,[c.softNav]:8,[c.sessionReplay]:9,[c.logging]:10,[c.genericEvents]:11},l={[c.pageViewEvent]:a,[c.pageViewTiming]:n,[c.ajax]:n,[c.spa]:n,[c.softNav]:n,[c.metrics]:i,[c.jserrors]:i,[c.sessionTrace]:o,[c.sessionReplay]:o,[c.logging]:s,[c.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.285.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.285.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),l=0;l<u.length;l++){var d=u[l];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-Aa+vt/G+VUnXF5imJD27xfBbG00pJRbxEVq24dgn/KfPYsDLKETEMkS7ezrIti3e/7t6va9a0PBrFlxSB0FCeA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.285.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.285.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(5217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var l=i(7603);var d=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class R extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var A=i(9908),E=i(2843),_=i(3878),x=i(782),N=i(1863);class k extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,A.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,_.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,A.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var I=i(8154);class T extends y{static featureName=I.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,I.TZ,t),p.RI&&document.addEventListener("securitypolicyviolation",(e=>{(0,A.p)(I.xV,["Generic/CSPViolation/Detected"],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(R),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,l.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[R,k,T],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta http-equiv="cleartype" content="on" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/favicon/apple-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/favicon/apple-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/favicon/apple-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/favicon/apple-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/favicon/apple-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/favicon/apple-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/favicon/apple-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/favicon/apple-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/favicon/apple-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="/favicon/android-icon-192x192.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="/favicon/favicon-96x96.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/favicon/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/favicon/ms-icon-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon/favicon.ico"> <!-- WebFontLoader - see https://github.com/typekit/webfontloader --> <script> WebFontConfig = { // typekit: { id: 'tcx2fnb' }, google: { families: ['Open Sans Condensed:300,300italic,700:latin,cyrillic-ext,latin-ext,cyrillic', 'Open Sans:400italic,700italic,400,700:latin,cyrillic-ext,latin-ext,cyrillic', 'Merriweather:900']} }; (function(d) { var wf = d.createElement('script'), s = d.scripts[0]; wf.src = 'https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/webfont/1.5.18/webfont.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(wf, s); })(document); </script> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/arms-control" hreflang="en" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/ru/arms-control" hreflang="ru" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/it/arms-control" hreflang="it" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/es/arms-control" hreflang="es" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/de/arms-control" hreflang="de" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/fr/arms-control" hreflang="fr" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Arms control" /> <meta property="og:description" content="A comprehensive set of confidence and security-building measures (CSBMs) underpins the OSCE’s co-operative approach to security in the area of arms control." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/10_large_gallery/f/images/hires/5/9/264191.png?1517412072" /> <meta name="description" content="A comprehensive set of confidence and security-building measures (CSBMs) underpins the OSCE’s co-operative approach to security in the area of arms control." /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.osce.org/arms-control" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.osce.org/arms-control" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@OSCE" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://www.osce.org/files/css/css_3639bfaaa2e223be310d6af1979733e5.css" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="https://www.osce.org/files/css/css_e0dab774cf667f4005875c7d3d7c7911.css" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="https://www.osce.org/files/css/css_2c30f76fa5b11a1d184d37017dadebda.css" /> <link href="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/stylesheets/osce-tao.css?h=4849fb88cf9606cf661e31a6c418d23e" media="all" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <link href="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/stylesheets/osce-tao.print.css?h=4849fb88cf9606cf661e31a6c418d23e" media="print" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <meta name="yandex-verification" content="1e978b0ff7fac12a" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.osce.org/files/js/js_1b47c970a492b2455b13d0e8cc2d7c52.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","jcarousel":{"ajaxPath":"\/jcarousel\/ajax\/views"},"extlink":{"extTarget":"_blank","extClass":0,"extSubdomains":1,"extExclude":"","extInclude":"(admin\\\/osce_help)","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"#admin-menu","extAlert":0,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site.","mailtoClass":0},"views":{"ajax_path":["\/views\/ajax","\/views\/ajax","\/views\/ajax"],"ajaxViews":[{"view_name":"taxonomy_stories","view_display_id":"panel_pane_2","view_args":"all\/112","view_path":"node\/25","view_base_path":null,"view_dom_id":"25234fe481184dfd6bc32dec5cde9e71","pager_element":0},{"view_name":"node_multimedia","view_display_id":"panel_pane_1","view_args":"25","view_path":"node\/25","view_base_path":null,"view_dom_id":"0899ce9fbbccc1a4a0638c0c53eab03f","pager_element":0},{"view_name":"taxonomy_news","view_display_id":"embed_1","view_args":"112","view_path":"node\/25","view_base_path":null,"view_dom_id":"926d0bbac8850574944916df9d24830e","pager_element":0}]},"CToolsUrlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/arms-control":true},"gsearch":{"gsearch_id":"016235372030844727130%3Afs_f_dbyv08"},"googleanalytics":{"trackOutbound":1,"trackMailto":1,"trackDomainMode":"1"},"osce_click_blocker":{"selectors":".site--top a\r\n.site--header--wrapper a\r\n.site--navigation a\r\n.site--footer--wrapper a\r\nbody.page-manager-active ul.links.primary-tabs a"},"jsInit":{"misc\/jquery.js":true,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":true,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":true,"misc\/drupal.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/views_slideshow_ddblock\/js\/views_slideshow_ddblock.admin.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/d6lts\/panels\/js\/panels.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/d6lts\/views_slideshow\/js\/jquery.cycle.all.min.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/d6lts\/views_slideshow\/contrib\/views_slideshow_singleframe\/views_slideshow.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/d6lts\/views_slideshow\/contrib\/views_slideshow_thumbnailhover\/views_slideshow.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/extlink\/extlink.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/contrib\/gmap\/js\/gmap_views_ajax.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/d6lts\/views\/js\/base.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/d6lts\/views\/js\/ajax_view.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/osce_panes\/social-sharing.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/osce_panes\/gsearch.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/d6lts\/google_analytics\/googleanalytics.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/osce_click_blocker\/osce_click_blocker.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/jquery-1.10.2.prototype-pollution-patch.min.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/jquery-migrate-1.2.1.min.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/jquery-ui-1.10.3.custom.min.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/jquery.flexslider.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/underscore-min.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/media.match.min.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/enquire.min.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/jquery.matchHeight-min.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/jquery.cookie.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/jquery.magnific-popup.min.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/jquery.qtip.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/osce-tao.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/osce-celebration.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/libraries\/selectivizr-min.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/osce-collapsible.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/osce-collapsible-box.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/osce-accordion.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/osce-tabs.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/osce-discardable.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/osce-carousel.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/language-switch.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/slideshow.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/osce-news-ticker.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/osce_tao\/javascript\/components\/osce-equalize.js":true,"sites\/default\/themes\/tao\/js\/tao.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/osce_slick\/config\/related-stories.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/osce_slick\/slick\/slick.js":true,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/osce_slick\/osce_slick.js":true},"cssInit":{"node.css":true,"defaults.css":true,"system.css":true,"system-menus.css":true,"user.css":true,"content-module.css":true,"ctools.css":true,"date.css":true,"jquery-ui.css":true,"datepicker.css":true,"jquery.timeentry.css":true,"filefield.css":true,"panels.css":true,"views_slideshow.css":true,"extlink.css":true,"fieldgroup.css":true,"views.css":true,"osce_content.layout.css":true,"osce_naked.layout.css":true,"osce_figure.layout.css":true,"osce_teaser.layout.css":true,"2c6126364f9b7d96ab2dcf70ccb4ddd8.css":true,"osce_site.layout.css":true,"admin.css":true,"block.css":true,"book.css":true,"comment.css":true,"dblog.css":true,"forum.css":true,"help.css":true,"maintenance.css":true,"openid.css":true,"poll.css":true,"profile.css":true,"search.css":true,"taxonomy.css":true,"tracker.css":true,"update.css":true,"magnific-popup.css":true,"jquery.qtip.css":true}}); //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i["GoogleAnalyticsObject"]=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,"script","//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js","ga");ga("create", "UA-2170577-1", {"cookieDomain":".www.osce.org"});ga("set", "dimension1", "Page");ga("set", "dimension2", "Activities");ga("set", "dimension3", "112");ga("set", "dimension4", "380");ga("send", "pageview"); //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];window.dataLayer.push({"item_content_type":"Page","item_type":"Activities","item_activities":"|112|","item_source":"What we do","item_source_id":"380","item_language":"en","item_id":"25"});(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W9L242'); //--><!]]> </script> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/stylesheets/osce-tao-legacy.css" /> <![endif]--> <title>Arms control | OSCE</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/javascript/libraries/modernizr.js"></script> <!-- <script type='text/javascript'>(function () {function loadWebreep() {var s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.async = true;s.src = 'https://api.webreep.com/Feedback/Get/5c613ec6-e3c1-441f-8b98-03a1f2e6957d';var x = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];x.parentNode.insertBefore(s, x);}if (window.attachEvent) {window.attachEvent('onload', loadWebreep);} else {window.addEventListener('load', loadWebreep, false);}})();</script> --> </head> <body class="not-front not-logged-in page-node node-type-page no-sidebars page-manager-active page-manager-page item-type-activities i18n-en tao"> <a id='skipnav' href='#content'>Skip navigation</a> <div class="site "> <div class="site--socialmedia--wrapper"> <div class="site--socialmedia"> <div class="panel-pane pane-social-media" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span><a href="/osce-social-media" title="List of all official OSCE social media accounts">Follow OSCE</a></span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="osce-fixed-social-media"><li class="facebook first"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/osce.org" title="Join OSCE on Facebook"><i class="icon-facebook"></i><span>Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="twitter"><a href="http://www.twitter.com/osce" title="Follow OSCE on Twitter"><i class="icon-twitter"></i><span>Twitter</span></a></li> <li class="youtube"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/osce" title="Watch OSCE on Youtube"><i class="icon-youtube"></i><span>YouTube</span></a></li> <li class="linkedin"><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/osce" title="Connect OSCE on LinkedIn"><i class="icon-linkedin"></i><span>LinkedIn</span></a></li> <li class="soundcloud"><a href="http://www.soundcloud.com/osce" title="Listen to OSCE on SoundCloud"><i class="icon-soundcloud"></i><span>SoundCloud</span></a></li> <li class="instagram last"><a href="http://www.instagram.com/osceorg" title="Experience OSCE on Instagram"><i class="icon-instagram"></i><span>Instagram</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" role="presentation" class="site--mobile"> <div class="site--top"> <div class="site--multilingual-links"></div> <div class="site--ticker"> </div> </div> <div id="multilingual-mobile" style="display: none"> </div> <div class="site--header"> <div class="site--logo"> <div class="site--name-and-slogan logo--default"> <div class="logo media--print"> <img src="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/images/logo%402x.png"/> </div> <p class="site--name media--screen"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home"><span>OSCE</span></a> </p> <div class="site--slogan">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</div> </div> </div> <div class="site--mobile--toggles"> <div class="site--navigation-toggle"> <a href="#navigation-mobile" title="Navigation"><i></i><span>Navigation</span></a> </div> <div class="site--search-toggle"> <a href="#search-mobile" title="Search"><i></i><span>Search</span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--overlay"> <div id="navigation-mobile"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-main-navigation main-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">Navigation</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/" title="" hreflang="en">Home</a></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/who-we-are" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Who we are</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/whatistheosce" hreflang="en">What is the OSCE?</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/participating-states" hreflang="en">Participating States</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/partners-for-cooperation" hreflang="en">Partners for Co-operation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/chairpersonship" hreflang="en">Chairpersonship</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/summits" hreflang="en">Summits</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/ministerial-councils" hreflang="en">Ministerial Councils</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/permanent-council" hreflang="en">Permanent Council</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation" hreflang="en">Forum for Security Co-operation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/leadership" hreflang="en">Leadership</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/related-bodies" hreflang="en">OSCE-related bodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/funding-and-budget" hreflang="en">Funding and budget</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/history" hreflang="en">History</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded active-trail"><a href="/what-we-do" hreflang="en" class="has-children">What we do</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first active-trail"><a href="/arms-control" hreflang="en" class="active">Arms control</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/border-management" hreflang="en">Border management</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/combating-human-trafficking" hreflang="en">Combating trafficking in human beings</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/countering-terrorism" hreflang="en">Countering terrorism</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/conflict-prevention-and-resolution" hreflang="en">Conflict prevention and resolution</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="en">Cyber/ICT Security</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/democratization" hreflang="en">Democratization</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/economic-activities" hreflang="en">Economic activities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/education" hreflang="en">Education</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/elections" hreflang="en">Elections</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/environmental-activities" hreflang="en">Environmental activities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/gender-equality" hreflang="en">Gender equality</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/good-governance" hreflang="en">Good governance</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/human-rights" hreflang="en">Human rights</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/media-freedom-and-development" hreflang="en">Media freedom and development</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/migration" hreflang="en">Migration</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/national-minority-issues" hreflang="en">National minority issues</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/policing" hreflang="en">Policing</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/reform-and-cooperation-in-the-security-sector" hreflang="en">Reform and co-operation in the security sector</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/roma-and-sinti" hreflang="en">Roma and Sinti</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/rule-of-law" hreflang="en">Rule of law</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/tolerance-and-nondiscrimination" hreflang="en">Tolerance and non-discrimination</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/youth" hreflang="en">Youth</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/sustainable-development-goals" class="menu-item-multiline" hreflang="en">#GLOBALGOALS - The OSCE and the Sustainable Development Goals</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/where-we-are" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Where we are</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/presence-in-albania" hreflang="en">Presence in Albania</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-bosnia-and-herzegovina" hreflang="en">Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-in-kosovo" hreflang="en">Mission in Kosovo</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-montenegro" hreflang="en">Mission to Montenegro</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-serbia" hreflang="en">Mission to Serbia</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-skopje" hreflang="en">Mission to Skopje</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-moldova" hreflang="en">Mission to Moldova</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/centre-in-ashgabat" hreflang="en">Centre in Ashgabat</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-astana" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Astana</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-bishkek" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Bishkek</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-dushanbe" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Dushanbe</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/project-coordinator-in-uzbekistan" hreflang="en">Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/closed-field-operations" hreflang="en">Closed field operations</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/institutions-and-structures" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Institutions & structures</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="http://www.oscepa.org/" title="" hreflang="en">Parliamentary Assembly</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/hcnm" title="" hreflang="en">High Commissioner on National Minorities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/odihr" title="" hreflang="en">Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/representative-on-freedom-of-media" title="" hreflang="en">Representative on Freedom of the Media</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/cca" title="" hreflang="en">Court of Conciliation and Arbitration</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mg" title="" hreflang="en">Minsk Group</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/secretariat" title="" hreflang="en">Secretariat</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded last"><a href="/resources" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Resources</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/resources/csce-osce-key-documents" hreflang="en">CSCE/OSCE key documents</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/documents/decision-making-bodies" hreflang="en">Documents by the OSCE Decision-making bodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/documents" title="" hreflang="en">Documents library</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/publications" title="" hreflang="en">Publications</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/press-releases" title="" hreflang="en">Press releases and news archive</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/multimedia" title="" hreflang="en">Multimedia</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/e-libraries" title="" hreflang="en">E-libraries</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/126378" title="" hreflang="en">Quarterly Selections</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/osce-social-media" hreflang="en">Social media</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-meta-navigation meta-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">0Meta Navigation</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/press" hreflang="en">Newsroom</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/blog" hreflang="en">Blog</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/meetings-events" hreflang="en">Events</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/partnerships" hreflang="en">Partnerships</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/networks" hreflang="en">Networks</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/search/pages" hreflang="en">Search</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="search-mobile" class="site--search"> <gcse:searchbox-only></gcse:searchbox-only> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--desktop"> <div class="site--top"> <div class="site--multilingual-links"></div> <div class="site--ticker"> </div> </div> <div class="site--header--wrapper"> <div class="site--header"> <div class="site--logo"> <div class="site--name-and-slogan logo--default"> <div class="logo media--print"> <img src="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/images/logo%402x.png"/> </div> <p class="site--name media--screen"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home"><span>OSCE</span></a> </p> <div class="site--slogan">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</div> </div> </div> <div class="site--meta"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-meta-navigation meta-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">0Meta Navigation</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/press" hreflang="en">Newsroom</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/blog" hreflang="en">Blog</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/meetings-events" hreflang="en">Events</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/partnerships" hreflang="en">Partnerships</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/networks" hreflang="en">Networks</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/search/pages" hreflang="en">Search</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--search"> <gcse:searchbox-only></gcse:searchbox-only> <a id="site--search-close" href="#">× Close search</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--navigation--wrapper"> <div class="site--navigation"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-main-navigation main-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">Navigation</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/" title="" hreflang="en">Home</a></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/who-we-are" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Who we are</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/whatistheosce" hreflang="en">What is the OSCE?</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/participating-states" hreflang="en">Participating States</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/partners-for-cooperation" hreflang="en">Partners for Co-operation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/chairpersonship" hreflang="en">Chairpersonship</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/summits" hreflang="en">Summits</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/ministerial-councils" hreflang="en">Ministerial Councils</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/permanent-council" hreflang="en">Permanent Council</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation" hreflang="en">Forum for Security Co-operation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/leadership" hreflang="en">Leadership</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/related-bodies" hreflang="en">OSCE-related bodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/funding-and-budget" hreflang="en">Funding and budget</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/history" hreflang="en">History</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded active-trail"><a href="/what-we-do" hreflang="en" class="has-children">What we do</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first active-trail"><a href="/arms-control" hreflang="en" class="active">Arms control</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/border-management" hreflang="en">Border management</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/combating-human-trafficking" hreflang="en">Combating trafficking in human beings</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/countering-terrorism" hreflang="en">Countering terrorism</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/conflict-prevention-and-resolution" hreflang="en">Conflict prevention and resolution</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="en">Cyber/ICT Security</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/democratization" hreflang="en">Democratization</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/economic-activities" hreflang="en">Economic activities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/education" hreflang="en">Education</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/elections" hreflang="en">Elections</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/environmental-activities" hreflang="en">Environmental activities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/gender-equality" hreflang="en">Gender equality</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/good-governance" hreflang="en">Good governance</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/human-rights" hreflang="en">Human rights</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/media-freedom-and-development" hreflang="en">Media freedom and development</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/migration" hreflang="en">Migration</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/national-minority-issues" hreflang="en">National minority issues</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/policing" hreflang="en">Policing</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/reform-and-cooperation-in-the-security-sector" hreflang="en">Reform and co-operation in the security sector</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/roma-and-sinti" hreflang="en">Roma and Sinti</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/rule-of-law" hreflang="en">Rule of law</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/tolerance-and-nondiscrimination" hreflang="en">Tolerance and non-discrimination</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/youth" hreflang="en">Youth</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/sustainable-development-goals" class="menu-item-multiline" hreflang="en">#GLOBALGOALS - The OSCE and the Sustainable Development Goals</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/where-we-are" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Where we are</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/presence-in-albania" hreflang="en">Presence in Albania</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-bosnia-and-herzegovina" hreflang="en">Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-in-kosovo" hreflang="en">Mission in Kosovo</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-montenegro" hreflang="en">Mission to Montenegro</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-serbia" hreflang="en">Mission to Serbia</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-skopje" hreflang="en">Mission to Skopje</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-moldova" hreflang="en">Mission to Moldova</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/centre-in-ashgabat" hreflang="en">Centre in Ashgabat</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-astana" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Astana</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-bishkek" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Bishkek</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-dushanbe" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Dushanbe</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/project-coordinator-in-uzbekistan" hreflang="en">Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/closed-field-operations" hreflang="en">Closed field operations</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/institutions-and-structures" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Institutions & structures</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="http://www.oscepa.org/" title="" hreflang="en">Parliamentary Assembly</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/hcnm" title="" hreflang="en">High Commissioner on National Minorities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/odihr" title="" hreflang="en">Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/representative-on-freedom-of-media" title="" hreflang="en">Representative on Freedom of the Media</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/cca" title="" hreflang="en">Court of Conciliation and Arbitration</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mg" title="" hreflang="en">Minsk Group</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/secretariat" title="" hreflang="en">Secretariat</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded last"><a href="/resources" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Resources</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/resources/csce-osce-key-documents" hreflang="en">CSCE/OSCE key documents</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/documents/decision-making-bodies" hreflang="en">Documents by the OSCE Decision-making bodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/documents" title="" hreflang="en">Documents library</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/publications" title="" hreflang="en">Publications</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/press-releases" title="" hreflang="en">Press releases and news archive</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/multimedia" title="" hreflang="en">Multimedia</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/e-libraries" title="" hreflang="en">E-libraries</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/126378" title="" hreflang="en">Quarterly Selections</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/osce-social-media" hreflang="en">Social media</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--breadcrumbs--wrapper"> <div class="site--breadcrumbs"> <div class="panel-pane pane-page-breadcrumb" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Home</a><span class="breadcrumbs-seperator"></span> <a href="/what-we-do">What we do</a><span class="breadcrumbs-seperator"></span> <span >Arms control</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--content--wrapper"> <div class="site--content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-page-content" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="layout-content sidebar content-sidebar-top"> <div class="content--header"> <div class="rounded-shadow region-plain-box-temporary-b081a6d629df306004d1771e09446338"> <div class="rounded-shadow-background"> <div class="rounded-shadow-wrap-corner"> <div class="rounded-shadow-top-edge"> <div class="rounded-shadow-left"></div> <div class="rounded-shadow-right"></div> </div> <div class="rounded-shadow-left-edge"> <div class="rounded-shadow-right-edge clear-block"> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-bar osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-panels_mini osce-box-social_sharing_and_contextual_1"> <header class="osce-box-header"> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-2 pane-social-media-contextual-links" > <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-social-sharing" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span>Share</span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="osce-sharing-links"><li class="twitter first"><a href="http://twitter.com/share?text=Arms%20control&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osce.org%2Fnode%2F25" data-tracking-label="Arms control (en) [25]" data-tracking-category="twitter"><i class="icon-twitter"></i><span>Share on Twitter</span></a></li> <li class="facebook"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?s=100&p[title]=Arms%20control&p[summary]=&p[url]=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osce.org%2Fnode%2F25" data-tracking-label="Arms control (en) [25]" data-tracking-category="facebook"><i class="icon-facebook"></i><span>Share on Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="linkedin last"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osce.org%2Fnode%2F25&mini=1&title=Arms%20control" data-tracking-label="Arms control (en) [25]" data-tracking-category="linkedin"><i class="icon-linkedin"></i><span>Share on LinkedIn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-lang-switch" > <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="osce-language-switch osce-language-switch-need-dropdown"><li class="node_translation_en active first active"><a href="/arms-control" title="Arms control" class="translation-link active active" hreflang="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/ru/arms-control" title="Контроль над вооружениями" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/fr/arms-control" title="Maîtrise des armements" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/de/arms-control" title="Rüstungskontrolle" class="translation-link" hreflang="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/it/arms-control" title="Controllo degli armamenti" class="translation-link" hreflang="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/es/arms-control" title="Control de armamentos" class="translation-link" hreflang="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="panel-pane pane-banner" > <div class="pane-content"> What we do </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="rounded-shadow-bottom-edge"> <div class="rounded-shadow-left"></div><div class="rounded-shadow-right"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content--sidebar-top"> <div class="panel-pane pane-views pane-logo" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="view view-logo view-id-logo view-display-id-default view-dom-id-logo-default"> <div class="view-empty"> <div style="display: none"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-menu-what-we-do" > <div class="pane-content"> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-black osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-block osce-box-menu-menu-whatwedo"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><a href="/what-we-do" class="" >What We Do</a></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <ul class="menu"><li class="expanded first active-trail"><a href="/arms-control" title="Arms control" hreflang="en" class="has-children active">Arms control</a><ul class="menu"><li class="expanded first"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Forum for Security Co-operation</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/fsc/107438" hreflang="en">Connecting the participating States</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107432" hreflang="en">Creating trust through transparency and openness</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107437" hreflang="en">Democratic control of armed and security forces</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107435" hreflang="en">Fighting illicit small arms and ammunition</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107436" hreflang="en">Non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107434" hreflang="en">Providing a platform for dialogue</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-bosnia-and-herzegovina/arms-control" title="" hreflang="en">Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-montenegro/arms-control" title="" hreflang="en">Mission to Montenegro</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-serbia/arms-control" title="" hreflang="en">Mission to Serbia</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-skopje/arms-control" title="" hreflang="en">Mission to Skopje</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/centre-in-ashgabat/106252" title="" hreflang="en">Centre in Ashgabat</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/programme-office-in-dushanbe/106425" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Dushanbe</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/border-management" title="Border management" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Border management</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/combating-human-trafficking" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Combating trafficking in human beings</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/countering-terrorism" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Countering terrorism</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/conflict-prevention-and-resolution" title="" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Conflict prevention and resolution</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Cyber/ICT Security</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/democratization" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Democratization </a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/economic-activities" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Economic activities</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/education" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Education</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/elections" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Elections</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/environmental-activities" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Environmental activities</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/gender-equality" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Gender equality</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/good-governance" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Good governance</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/human-rights" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Human rights</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/media-freedom-and-development" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Media freedom and development</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/migration" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Migration</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/national-minority-issues" hreflang="en" class="has-children">National minority issues</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/policing" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Policing</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/reform-and-cooperation-in-the-security-sector" title="" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Reform and co-operation in the security sector</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/roma-and-sinti" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Roma and Sinti</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/rule-of-law" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Rule of law</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/tolerance-and-nondiscrimination" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Tolerance and non-discrimination</a></li> <li class="collapsed last"><a href="/youth" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Youth</a></li> </ul> </div> </aside> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content--content"> <h1>Arms control</h1><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-teaser-photo" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure-full osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-image-hi-res" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-filefield field-field-image-hi-res"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/10_large_gallery/f/images/hires/5/9/264191.png?1517412072" alt="" title="" width="940" height="508" class="imagecache imagecache-10_large_gallery imagecache-default imagecache-10_large_gallery_default"/> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-description display-inline" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-description"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> Strengthening stockpile management, including destruction, is one of the OSCE's activities in the area of arms control. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> (OSCE) </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-description" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-description"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> A comprehensive set of confidence- and security-building measures (CSBMs) developed by the OSCE underpins the Organization’s co-operative approach to security. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-node-body node-content html-formatted" > <div class="pane-content"> <p>The OSCE’s founding document, the <a href="//www.osce.org/mc/39501" rel="nofollow">Helsinki Final Act</a> of 1975, sets out the “need to contribute to reducing the dangers of armed conflict and of misunderstanding or miscalculation of military activities which could give rise to apprehension, particularly in a situation where the participating States lack clear and timely information about the nature of such activities.” Such CSBMs include information exchanges, means for compliance and verification, as well as different forms of military co-operation. They aim to reduce the risks of conflict, increase trust among OSCE<a href="/states"> participating States</a> and contribute to greater openness and transparency in the field of military planning and activities. They can also serve as early warning indicators of potential conflict situations.</p> <p>The key document on CSBMs is the <a href="//www.osce.org/fsc/86597" rel="nofollow">Vienna Document</a> on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures. It promotes trust and predictability through transparency and verification measures covering the armed forces and major equipment systems. <a href="//www.osce.org/mc/39539">The Framework for Arms Control </a>agreed in 1996 recognized that arms control, including disarmament and confidence- and security-building, is integral to the OSCE’s comprehensive and co-operative concept of security. The Vienna Document, the <a href="//www.osce.org/library/14087" rel="nofollow">Treaty on Conventional Forces in Europe</a> (CFE) and the <a href="//www.osce.org/library/14127" rel="nofollow">Open Skies Treaty</a> constitute a web of interlocking and mutually reinforcing arms control obligations and commitments. Together they enhance predictability, transparency and military stability and reduce the risk of a major conflict in Europe. In addition, the CFE Treaty also provides for limitations of major military equipment systems in Europe that led to the disarmament process in the 1990s.</p> <p>The <a href="//www.osce.org/fsc" rel="nofollow">Forum for Security Co-operation</a>, which is the OSCE decision-making body dealing with politico-military aspects of security, contributes to these efforts by developing documents on CSBMs, including those regulating transfers of conventional arms, and establishing principles governing non-proliferation. The Forum helps implement the OSCE <a href="//www.osce.org/fsc/41355" rel="nofollow">Code of Conduct</a> on Politico-Military Aspects of Security. This landmark document in security sector governance commits OSCE participating States to exchange information on the democratic oversight of their armed and security forces. The Forum also develops norms and provides practical assistance to address the proliferation of illicit small arms and light weapons.</p> <p>A number of OSCE field operations are active in the area of arms control. They co-operate with national governments and international organizations. Their activities include:</p> <ul> <li>Strengthening small arms and light weapons and conventional ammunition stockpile management, including destruction;</li> <li>Supporting national small arms control mechanisms;</li> <li>Assisting with the rehabilitation of areas contaminated with explosives;</li> <li>Assisting in disposing of dangerous chemicals stored in military premises, including mélange, a highly toxic and volatile rocket fuel component;</li> <li>Contributing to national initiatives to collect illegal small arms and light weapons;</li> <li>Supporting initiatives to decrease the illegal possession of weapons;</li> <li>Organizing training and awareness-raising campaigns. </li> </ul> </div> </div> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-taxonomy_stories-panel_pane_2 osce-borderless"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Arms control</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Stories</span><a href="/stories?=112" class="link-see-all" >See all</a></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-taxonomy-stories view-id-taxonomy_stories view-display-id-panel_pane_2 view-dom-id-25234fe481184dfd6bc32dec5cde9e71"> <div class="view-content"> <div class=""> <div class="osce-slick osce-slick-related-stories" data-slick-config="related-stories" id="" data-slick-navigates=""> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-0"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/583723 "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/7/f/583696.JPG?1734538652" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">OSCE Scholarship for Peace and Security paves the way for a new era in security: how the 2024 cohort put their knowledge into action</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/583723">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-1"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/549355 "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/9/d/549361_1.png?1691142447" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Breaking Barriers: Empowering Young Women in Politico-Military Security through the OSCE Scholarship Programme</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/549355">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-2"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/presence-in-albania/538479 "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/7/3/538485.jpg?1678210414" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Mainstreaming gender in Albanian Police through the OSCE’s SALW project</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/presence-in-albania/538479">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-3"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/scholarship-peace-security "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/8/c/511519.png?1674480911" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Scholarship for Peace and Security in the OSCE area</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/scholarship-peace-security">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-4"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/507332 "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/0/9/507359_0.jpg?1638954394" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">From AI to blockchain: Essayists explore innovative views on arms control in Europe</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/507332">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="osce-box osce-grid-3col osce-grid-bordered osce-box-borderless osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-content_field osce-box-field_content_refs"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Arms control</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Highlights</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-content-refs"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/secretariat/561113"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/hires/8/f/561110_1.png?1703158146" alt="thumbnail: Sniffing out danger—Strengthening Ukraine’s Canine Capacities to Prevent Illicit Trafficking of SALW (OSCE)" title="thumbnail: Sniffing out danger—Strengthening Ukraine’s Canine Capacities to Prevent Illicit Trafficking of SALW (OSCE)" width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/secretariat/561113">Sniffing out danger: Strengthening Ukraine’s Canine Capacities to Prevent Illicit Trafficking of SALW</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/structured-dialogue"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/content-ref/0/5/415871.png?1554210186" alt="The OSCE Structured Dialogue on current and future challenges and risks to security in the OSCE area brought together senior officials from capitals and ambassadors of the Organization’s 57 participating States." title="The OSCE Structured Dialogue on current and future challenges and risks to security in the OSCE area brought together senior officials from capitals and ambassadors of the Organization’s 57 participating States." width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/structured-dialogue">The OSCE Structured Dialogue</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-description content-ref-description" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-description"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> The OSCE Structured Dialogue on current and future challenges and risks to security in the OSCE area brought together senior officials from capitals and ambassadors of the Organization’s 57 participating States. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/fsc/123166"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/content-ref/c/5/123167.png?1517305625" alt="OSCE assistance on small arms and light weapons" title="OSCE assistance on small arms and light weapons" width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/fsc/123166">Promoting Security and Stability</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-description content-ref-description" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-description"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> OSCE assistance on small arms and light weapons </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/home/107643"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/hires/f/5/85866.jpg?1517403896" alt="OSCE Secretary General Lamberto Zannier, speaking at a press conference on the co-ordinated international response to developments in the southern Mediterranean, Vilnius, 6 December 2011. (OSCE/Jonathan Perfect)" title="OSCE Secretary General Lamberto Zannier, speaking at a press conference on the co-ordinated international response to developments in the southern Mediterranean, Vilnius, 6 December 2011. (OSCE/Jonathan Perfect)" width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/home/107643">Developing a new approach to conventional arms control: expert interviews</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/home/104654"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/hires/6/8/82252.jpg?1517403483" alt="The OSCE supports the destruction of surplus and unwanted ammunition of all types in the interests of safety, non-proliferation and regional stability. The OSCE Mission to Moldova has been working with the Moldovan Ministry of Defence on ammunition disposal projects since 2007. The disposal of air bombs is the latest in a series of projects. (OSCE/ Liubomir Ţurcanu)" title="The OSCE supports the destruction of surplus and unwanted ammunition of all types in the interests of safety, non-proliferation and regional stability. The OSCE Mission to Moldova has been working with the Moldovan Ministry of Defence on ammunition disposal projects since 2007. The disposal of air bombs is the latest in a series of projects. (OSCE/ Liubomir Ţurcanu)" width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/home/104654">Securing arms and ammunition </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-node_multimedia-panel_pane_1 osce-borderless osce-box-empty"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">What we do</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Video & Photography</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-node-multimedia view-id-node_multimedia view-display-id-panel_pane_1 view-dom-id-0899ce9fbbccc1a4a0638c0c53eab03f"> <div class="view-empty"> <div style="display: none"></div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-key-resources-activities-only key-resources" > <div class="pane-content"> <aside class="osce-box osce-grid-wide osce-grid-bordered osce-box-borderless osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-content_field osce-box-field_links"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Arms control</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Key Resources</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-links"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/library/14087"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/c/2/116945_2.png?1687345016" alt="Generic cover (OSCE)" title="Generic cover (OSCE)" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/library/14087" title="Generic cover (OSCE)" class="title">Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Treaty / agreement </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/4/9/14087.pdf" title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="14087" data-tnid="14087" data-title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/files/f/documents/d/d/14091_0.pdf" title="Договор об обычных вооруженных силах в Европе" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru" data-nid="14091" data-tnid="14087" data-title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe" data-language="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/files/f/documents/3/a/14088.pdf" title="Traite sur les forces armées conventionnelles en Europe" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr" data-nid="14088" data-tnid="14087" data-title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe" data-language="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/files/f/documents/f/1/14089.pdf" title="Vertrag über konventionelle Streitkräfte in Europa" class="translation-link" hreflang="de" data-nid="14089" data-tnid="14087" data-title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe" data-language="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/files/f/documents/7/8/14090.pdf" title="Trattato sulle forze armate convenzionali in Europa" class="translation-link" hreflang="it" data-nid="14090" data-tnid="14087" data-title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe" data-language="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/files/f/documents/7/3/14092.pdf" title="Tratado sobre fuerzas armadas convencionales en Europa" class="translation-link" hreflang="es" data-nid="14092" data-tnid="14087" data-title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe" data-language="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/library/14127"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/c/2/116945_2.png?1687345016" alt="Generic cover (OSCE)" title="Generic cover (OSCE)" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/library/14127" title="Generic cover (OSCE)" class="title">Open Skies Treaty</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Treaty / agreement </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/1/5/14127.pdf" title="Treaty on Open Skies" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="14127" data-tnid="14127" data-title="Treaty on Open Skies" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/files/f/documents/d/e/14131.pdf" title="Договор по открытому небу" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru" data-nid="14131" data-tnid="14127" data-title="Treaty on Open Skies" data-language="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/files/f/documents/7/b/14128.pdf" title="Traite sur le régime "Ciel Ouvert"" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr" data-nid="14128" data-tnid="14127" data-title="Treaty on Open Skies" data-language="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/files/f/documents/a/7/14129.pdf" title="Vertrag über den offenen Himmel" class="translation-link" hreflang="de" data-nid="14129" data-tnid="14127" data-title="Treaty on Open Skies" data-language="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/files/f/documents/f/c/14130.pdf" title="Trattato sui cieli aperti" class="translation-link" hreflang="it" data-nid="14130" data-tnid="14127" data-title="Treaty on Open Skies" data-language="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/files/f/documents/5/3/14132.pdf" title="Tratado de cielos abiertos" class="translation-link" hreflang="es" data-nid="14132" data-tnid="14127" data-title="Treaty on Open Skies" data-language="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/fsc/86597"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/c/2/116945_2.png?1687345016" alt="Generic cover (OSCE)" title="Generic cover (OSCE)" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/fsc/86597" title="Generic cover (OSCE)" class="title">Vienna Document</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Conference / meeting document </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/a/4/86597.pdf" title="Vienna Document 2011" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="86597" data-tnid="86597" data-title="Vienna Document 2011" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/files/f/documents/b/3/86600.pdf" title="Венский документ 2011 года" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru" data-nid="86600" data-tnid="86597" data-title="Vienna Document 2011" data-language="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/files/f/documents/5/f/86598.pdf" title="Document de Vienne 2011" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr" data-nid="86598" data-tnid="86597" data-title="Vienna Document 2011" data-language="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/files/f/documents/b/e/86599.pdf" title="Wiener Dokument 2011" class="translation-link" hreflang="de" data-nid="86599" data-tnid="86597" data-title="Vienna Document 2011" data-language="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/files/f/documents/0/3/86602.pdf" title="Documento di Vienna 2011" class="translation-link" hreflang="it" data-nid="86602" data-tnid="86597" data-title="Vienna Document 2011" data-language="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/files/f/documents/a/0/86601.pdf" title="Documento de Vienna 2011" class="translation-link" hreflang="es" data-nid="86601" data-tnid="86597" data-title="Vienna Document 2011" data-language="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/fsc/41355"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/c/2/116945_2.png?1687345016" alt="Generic cover (OSCE)" title="Generic cover (OSCE)" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/fsc/41355" title="Generic cover (OSCE)" class="title">Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Treaty / agreement </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/5/7/41355.pdf" title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="41355" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/files/f/documents/d/f/41359.pdf" title="Кодекс поведения, касающийся военно-политических аспектов безопасности" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru" data-nid="41359" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_uk"><a href="/files/f/documents/3/9/253046.pdf" title="Кодекс поведінки стосовно військово-політичних аспектів безпеки" class="translation-link" hreflang="uk" data-nid="253046" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="uk">Українська</a></li> <li class="node_translation_sq"><a href="/files/f/documents/6/a/119812.pdf" title="Kodi i sjelljes mbi aspektet politiko-ushtarake të sigurisë" class="translation-link" hreflang="sq" data-nid="119812" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="sq">Shqip</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ar"><a href="/files/f/documents/6/8/99216.pdf" title="مدونة قواعد السلوك في المجالات السياسية والعسكرية للأمن" class="translation-link" hreflang="ar" data-nid="99216" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="ar">العربية</a></li> <li class="node_translation_hy"><a href="/files/f/documents/1/6/74974.pdf" title="Անվտանգության ռազմաքաղաքական ասպեկտների վերաբերյալ վարքագծի կանոններ " class="translation-link" hreflang="hy" data-nid="74974" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="hy">Հայերեն</a></li> <li class="node_translation_bs"><a href="/files/f/documents/a/6/110235.pdf" title="OSCE Kodeks Ponašanja u Vojno-političkim aspektima sigurnosti" class="translation-link" hreflang="bs" data-nid="110235" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="bs">Bosanski</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/files/f/documents/c/0/41356.pdf" title="Code de conduite relatif aux aspects politico-militaires de la securite" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr" data-nid="41356" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/files/f/documents/8/4/41357.pdf" title="Verhaltenskodex zu politisch-militärischen Aspekten der Sicherheit" class="translation-link" hreflang="de" data-nid="41357" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/files/f/documents/e/d/41358.pdf" title="Codice di condotta relativo agli aspetti politico-militari della sicurezza" class="translation-link" hreflang="it" data-nid="41358" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_me"><a href="/files/f/documents/2/8/440534.pdf" title="Kodeks Ponašanja u Političko-Vojnim Aspektima Bezbjednosti" class="translation-link" hreflang="me" data-nid="440534" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="me">Crnogorski</a></li> <li class="node_translation_pt"><a href="/files/f/documents/e/7/530785.pdf" title="Código De Conduta Sobre Os Aspetos Político-Militares De Segurança" class="translation-link" hreflang="pt" data-nid="530785" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="pt">Português</a></li> <li class="node_translation_sr"><a href="/files/f/documents/4/f/110236.pdf" title="ОЕБС Кодекс Понашања у Војно-политичким аспектима сигурности " class="translation-link" hreflang="sr" data-nid="110236" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="sr">Srpski</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/files/f/documents/2/c/41360.pdf" title="Código de conducta sobre los aspectos político-militares de la seguridad" class="translation-link" hreflang="es" data-nid="41360" data-tnid="41355" data-title="Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security" data-language="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/fsc/33371"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/4/d/9498.png?1517328732" alt="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition cover" title="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition cover" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/fsc/33371" title="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition cover" class="title">OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Guide / manual / handbook </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/5/5/33371.pdf" title="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="33371" data-tnid="33371" data-title="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/files/f/documents/5/6/33375.pdf" title="Сборник руководств ОБСЕ по лучшей практике в области обычных боеприпасов" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru" data-nid="33375" data-tnid="33371" data-title="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition" data-language="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/files/f/documents/f/0/33377.pdf" title="Manuel OSCE des meilleures pratiques concernant les munitions conventionnelles" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr" data-nid="33377" data-tnid="33371" data-title="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition" data-language="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/files/f/documents/0/1/33373.pdf" title="OSZE-Praxishandbuch „Konventionelle Munition“" class="translation-link" hreflang="de" data-nid="33373" data-tnid="33371" data-title="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition" data-language="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/files/f/documents/a/1/33374.pdf" title="Manuale OSCE delle migliori prassi sulle munizioni convenzionali" class="translation-link" hreflang="it" data-nid="33374" data-tnid="33371" data-title="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition" data-language="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/files/f/documents/7/7/33376.pdf" title="Manual de la OSCE de mejores prácticas sobre munición convencional" class="translation-link" hreflang="es" data-nid="33376" data-tnid="33371" data-title="OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition" data-language="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/fsc/13616"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/b/e/4269.jpg?1737556363" alt="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/fsc/13616" title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" class="title">Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Guide / manual / handbook </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/e/a/13616.pdf" title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="13616" data-tnid="13616" data-title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/files/f/documents/c/0/13620.pdf" title="Справочник по лучшей практике в отношении легкого и стрелкового оружия" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru" data-nid="13620" data-tnid="13616" data-title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" data-language="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ar"><a href="/files/f/documents/1/7/13622.pdf" title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons (ar)" class="translation-link" hreflang="ar" data-nid="13622" data-tnid="13616" data-title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" data-language="ar">العربية</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/files/f/documents/8/8/13617.pdf" title="Manuel des meilleures pratiques relatives aux armes légères et de petit calibre" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr" data-nid="13617" data-tnid="13616" data-title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" data-language="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/files/f/documents/3/4/13618.pdf" title="Praxishandbuch für Kleinwaffen und leichte Waffen" class="translation-link" hreflang="de" data-nid="13618" data-tnid="13616" data-title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" data-language="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/files/f/documents/b/a/13619.pdf" title="Manuale OSCE delle migliori prassi relative alle armi di piccolo calibro e leggere" class="translation-link" hreflang="it" data-nid="13619" data-tnid="13616" data-title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" data-language="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/files/f/documents/7/2/13621.pdf" title="Manual de mejores prácticas en materia de armas pequeñas y armas ligeras" class="translation-link" hreflang="es" data-nid="13621" data-tnid="13616" data-title="Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons" data-language="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="panel-pane pane-button" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/resources/publications?filters=im_taxonomy_vid_3:(112)" class="call2action">See all publications</a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-button" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/resources/documents?filters=im_taxonomy_vid_3:(112)" class="call2action">See all documents</a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-button" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/resources/multimedia?filters=im_taxonomy_vid_3:(112)" class="call2action">See all multimedia</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-panels_mini osce-box-activity_accordions"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Arms control</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>OSCE in Action</span></h2> <div class="osce-box-subtitle">Information and activities on Arms control from across the Organization.</div> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-gray osce-box-collapse-always osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-taxonomy_pages-panel_pane_3 osce-box-collapse"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Institutions and Structures</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-taxonomy-pages view-id-taxonomy_pages view-display-id-panel_pane_3 taxonomy-pages-institutions view-dom-id-847868b09368bd00bb9fe524badd7fdd"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="osce-views-accordion osce-accordion-mobile-all osce-accordion-desktop-all"><div class="osce-accordion-section"> <div class="osce-accordion-title">Forum for Security Co-operation</div> <div class="osce-accordion-content"> <div class="osce-teaser osce-teaser--with-image"> <div class="osce-teaser--image"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser--text"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Creating trust through transparency and openness</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">The OSCE’s approach is that military security and stability can be achieved through greater military transparency and openness, and exchange of military information. This is done through a set of mutually reinforcing and interlocking agreements and related information exchanges. These ensure the verification of compliance with agreed commitments; the notification of military activities; different forms of military co-operation and the regular exchange of military information on defence planning documents; military budgets; and defence policy and doctrines including visits to military facilities, observation visits, and demonstrations of new weapons systems. These measures serve as early warning indicators of potential conflict situations and by helping states to avoid misunderstandings, contribute to stability and security.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107432">More about Creating trust through transparency and openness </a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser osce-teaser--with-image"> <div class="osce-teaser--image"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser--text"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Providing a platform for dialogue</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">The FSC represents a unique platform for mutual dialogue on security issues. Every state can raise security concerns at any time, with the possibility for discussion amongst all 57 members every week. The Forum can provide solutions to these concerns or create measures to mitigate its impact on European security.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107434">More about Providing a platform for dialogue </a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser osce-teaser--with-image"> <div class="osce-teaser--image"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser--text"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Fighting illicit small arms and ammunition</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">Small arms and light weapons are recognized to cause the majority of deaths in conflicts and non-combat situations. The OSCE area comprises many major producers of such weapons and the Organization takes the issue of illicit arms proliferation very seriously. The participating States have adopted a number of key documents to regulate the production, transfer, storage, collection, and destruction of such weapons, and to control their export. The FSC is instrumental in helping states implement these documents. Upon request, it provides assistance with collection and destruction of small arms and light weapons and conventional ammunition, helps improve legislation to effectively control small arms and assists in improving stockpile management. It also promotes information exchange on small arms and light weapons; conventional arms transfers; and anti-personnel landmines.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107435">More about Fighting illicit small arms and ammunition </a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser osce-teaser--with-image"> <div class="osce-teaser--image"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser--text"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">The OSCE helps implement United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 on the non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. It runs a project that assists interested participating States in producing national action plans and building up the required legislative basis. The Organization also undertakes awareness-raising activities, provides tailored training, promotes best practices, and intensifies co-operation with other international organizations.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107436">More about Non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction </a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser osce-teaser--with-image"> <div class="osce-teaser--image"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser--text"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Democratic control of armed and security forces</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">Recognizing the importance of democratic civilian control of the armed and security forces, the Forum adopted in 1994 a Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security. This unique document represents a landmark in security sector governance, by obliging participating States to provide for democratic oversight of their armed, internal, paramilitary, intelligence and police forces. The Code of Conduct also includes key principles on relations between states. States are obliged to ensure that their armed forces remain politically neutral and to guarantee that the human rights of security personnel are respected. States report back on national practices annually, helping to build confidence and security in the OSCE region.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation/107437">More about Democratic control of armed and security forces </a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser osce-teaser--with-image"> <div class="osce-teaser--image"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser--text"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Connecting the participating States</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">OSCE participating States require the possibility of instant communication in order to fulfil their legal and political commitments. The OSCE provides a secure and reliable infrastructure through its Communications Network, complementing traditional diplomatic channels.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/fsc/107438">More about Connecting the participating States </a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-gray osce-box-collapse-always osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-taxonomy_pages-panel_pane_2 osce-box-collapse"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Field Operations</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-taxonomy-pages view-id-taxonomy_pages view-display-id-panel_pane_2 view-dom-id-f1efc9be93e465bb13cab7109419888d"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="osce-views-accordion osce-accordion-mobile-all osce-accordion-desktop-all"> <div class="osce-accordion-section"> <div class="osce-accordion-title">OSCE Centre in Ashgabat</div> <div class="osce-accordion-content"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/40_xsmall/f/images/hires/5/9/264191.png?1517412072" alt="" title="" width="205" height="138" class="imagecache imagecache-40_xsmall imagecache-default imagecache-40_xsmall_default"/></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">The Centre assists Turkmenistan in improving the security, safety, and management of state-controlled stockpiles of small arms and light weapons, and conventional ammunition. It trains senior and mid-level armed forces officers on ammunition storage management. The Centre holds workshops and round-table meetings to discuss issues such as how to implement the 2011 Vienna Document provisions on reciprocal verification visits, information exchange and defence planning.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/centre-in-ashgabat/106252">More about Arms control </a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-accordion-section"> <div class="osce-accordion-title">OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina</div> <div class="osce-accordion-content"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/40_xsmall/f/images/hires/4/4/445765.jpg?1581337874" alt="" title="" width="205" height="138" class="imagecache imagecache-40_xsmall imagecache-default imagecache-40_xsmall_default"/></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">The Mission works closely with security sector institutions to decrease the risk of accidental explosion, theft and onward proliferation of weapons and ammunition stockpiles in BiH. Safer and more secure storage, handling and disposal of unstable and surplus ammunition is being attained through upgrades to physical security infrastructure at ammunition and weapons storage sites and improved ammunition and weapons life cycle management.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/mission-to-bosnia-and-herzegovina/arms-control">More about Arms control </a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-accordion-section"> <div class="osce-accordion-title">OSCE Mission to Montenegro</div> <div class="osce-accordion-content"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">Through a comprehensive approach, the Mission supports the Ministries of Defence and Interior to establish approaches for the safe and sustainable management of small arms and light weapons (SALW) and their ammunition in Montenegro.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/mission-to-montenegro/arms-control">More about Arms control </a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-accordion-section"> <div class="osce-accordion-title">OSCE Mission to Serbia</div> <div class="osce-accordion-content"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">To prevent accidents resulting from insufficient security at military munitions storage sites, the OSCE, together with the Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia and UNDP’s SEESAC Initiative, have established a joint Capacity Development Programme for Conventional Ammunition Stockpile Management for the Republic of Serbia (CASM).</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/mission-to-serbia/arms-control">More about Arms control </a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-accordion-section"> <div class="osce-accordion-title">OSCE Programme Office in Dushanbe</div> <div class="osce-accordion-content"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/40_xsmall/f/images/hires/5/8/509777.jpg?1641881160" alt="" title="" width="205" height="138" class="imagecache imagecache-40_xsmall imagecache-default imagecache-40_xsmall_default"/></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">In order to assist the Government of Tajikistan in improving the country’s arms control and stockpile management mechanisms, the Programme Office co-operates with designated agencies of Tajikistan in the following areas: improving the physical security of small arms and light weapons and conventional ammunition and stockpiles management measures, the implementation of the Ottawa Convention (on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction), as well as UN Security Council Resolution 1540 on the non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and means of their delivery. The Programme Office’s assistance in this area is multifold and target-oriented. The assistance includes technical support (security upgrade of infrastructure/provision of equipment), expert advice in updating relevant sections of legal frameworks, as well as improving national training capacities, with the overall aim of making the results sustainable in the future and ensuring national ownership.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/programme-office-in-dushanbe/106425">More about Arms control </a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="content--sidebar-bottom"> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-panels_mini osce-box-latest_news_activities osce-borderless"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Arms control</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Latest News</span><a href="http://feeds.osce.org/OSCELatestNews" class="rss-link" ><i class="icon icon-rss"></i></a></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="panel-pane pane-views pane-taxonomy-news" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="view view-taxonomy-news view-id-taxonomy_news view-display-id-embed_1 view-dom-id-926d0bbac8850574944916df9d24830e"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/programme-office-in-bishkek/587504">Enhancing Ammunition Safety: OSCE Fosters Regional Co-operation in Central Asia</a></span> </div> <span class="views-field-field-date-value"> <span class="field-content"><span class="date-display-single">17 March 2025</span></span> </span> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/programme-office-in-dushanbe/588026">Tajikistan enhances Explosive Ordnance Disposal capabilities</a></span> </div> <span class="views-field-field-date-value"> <span class="field-content"><span class="date-display-single">15 March 2025</span></span> </span> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-3 views-row-odd views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/programme-office-in-bishkek/587427">Ministry of Defense of the Kyrgyz Republic advances ammunition stockpile management with OSCE support</a></span> </div> <span class="views-field-field-date-value"> <span class="field-content"><span class="date-display-single">14 March 2025</span></span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="view-footer"> <a href="/press-releases?filters=+im_taxonomy_vid_3:(112)">View all News</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-taxonomy_upcoming_events-panel_pane_2 osce-borderless osce-box-empty"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Arms control</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Events</span><a href="http://feeds.osce.org/OSCE-Events" class="rss-link" ><i class="icon icon-rss"></i></a></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-taxonomy-upcoming-events view-id-taxonomy_upcoming_events view-display-id-panel_pane_2 view-dom-id-eec5d0e1ed6af59e28d972cafebdea32"> <div class="view-empty"> <div style="display: none"></div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--footer--wrapper"> <div class="site--footer"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-footer-navigation footer--navigation" > <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/" hreflang="en">Home</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/contacts" hreflang="en">Contacts</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/contacts/report-wrongdoing" hreflang="en">Report wrongdoing</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about/sitemap" hreflang="en">Sitemap</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://jobs.osce.org/" hreflang="en">Employment</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/osce-social-media" hreflang="en">Social media</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about" hreflang="en">About this website</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://procurement.osce.org" hreflang="en">Procurement</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about/fraud-alert" hreflang="en">⚠️ Fraud Alert</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about/terms-of-use" hreflang="en">Terms of Use</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/contacts/webmaster" hreflang="en">Feedback</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-subscription footer--signup" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span>Subscribe to OSCE</span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <form action="/arms-control" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post" id="osce-panes-get-subscription-sign-up-form"> <div><div class="form-item form-item-labeled" id="edit-email-wrapper"> <label for="edit-email">E-mail: </label> <input type="text" maxlength="128" name="email" id="edit-email" size="60" value="" class="form-text" /> </div> <input type="submit" name="op" id="edit-submit" value="Sign Up" class="form-submit" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" id="form-_kcz0MPGu2JQnizEAzbWjd5uYuN5zK3G4sQlWECsO3E" value="form-_kcz0MPGu2JQnizEAzbWjd5uYuN5zK3G4sQlWECsO3E" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" id="edit-osce-panes-get-subscription-sign-up-form" value="osce_panes_get_subscription_sign_up_form" /> </div></form> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-3 footer--follow-us" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span>Follow Us</span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="osce-social-media"> <li class="facebook first"> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/osce.org"> <i class="icon-facebook"></i> <span>Join us on Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li class="twitter"> <a href="http://www.twitter.com/osce"> <i class="icon-twitter"></i> <span>Follow us on Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li class="youtube"> <a href="http://www.youtube.com/osce"> <i class="icon-youtube"></i> <span>Join us on Youtube</span> </a> </li> <li class="linkedin"> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/osce"> <i class="icon-linkedin"></i> <span>Join us on LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li class="soundcloud"> <a href="https://soundcloud.com/osce"> <i class="icon-soundcloud"></i> <span>Join us on SoundCloud</span> </a> </li> <li class="instagram"> <a href="http://instagram.com/osceorg"> <i class="icon-instagram"></i> <span>Join us on Instagram</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-cio-logo footer--chairmanship" > <h2 class="pane-title">Chairmanship</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <a class="chairmanship-footer chairmanship-footer-2025" href="/chairmanship">Chairmanship</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"gov-bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"ac1e88bca1","applicationID":"93306740","transactionName":"MVRWbUFTWhBSAUZcCwgedVpHW1sNHBJTUgE5XFVXUlVREWwMXVEBOUddXEQ=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":4392,"atts":"HRNBGwlJSU8RAxAPHxtM","errorBeacon":"gov-bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>