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termini da cercare." type="text" id="edit-search-block-form--2" name="search_block_form" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-text" /> </div> <div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Cerca" class="form-submit" /></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-nY97twaAfy1iWXBKt7OWxzPqgiG0WK66kzWVzg8eunQ" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="search_block_form" /> </div> </div></form> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <!-- /.section, /#sidebar-first --> <div id="content" class="column"><div class="section"> <a id="main-content"></a> <h1 class="title" id="page-title"> SOFC </h1> <div class="tabs"> </div> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system"> <div class="content"> <div id="node-982" class="node node-page node-full clearfix" about="/page/sofc" typeof="foaf:Document"> <span property="dc:title" content="SOFC" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span><span property="sioc:num_replies" content="0" datatype="xsd:integer" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><div class="contentblock_1" id="block_1225"> <div class="titleBlock"> Pile ad ossidi solidi:</div> SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell)<br /> <br /> Sono considerate le più ricercate tra le pile che usano carburanti basati su idrocarburi. Infatti risultano semplici, altamente efficienti, tolleranti alle impurità e possono fare il reforming internamente alla cella. L' elettrolito e' formato da ossido di zirconio stabilizzato con ossido di ittrio; il catodo e' costituito da manganito di lantanio opportunamente trattato, l'anodo da un cermet a base di nichel-ossido di zirconio (temperatura media di esercizio: 800-1000 °C).<br /> <br /> <br /> La reazione all'interno di ogni elettrodo:<br /> <br /> <img alt="" border="0" src="/files/doceboCms/media/116017182968_reazioneanodo.gif" title="" /><img alt="" border="0" src="/files/doceboCms/media/116083684396_sofc_anodo2.gif" title="" /><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <img alt="" border="0" src="/files/doceboCms/media/116017184661_reazionecatodo.gif" title="" /><img alt="" border="0" src="/files/doceboCms/media/116083687580_sofc_catodo.gif" title="" /><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <img alt="" border="0" src="/files/doceboCms/media/116017186361_reazionetotale.gif" title="" /><img alt="" border="0" src="/files/doceboCms/media/116083689228_sofc_overall.gif" title="" /><br /> <br /> <br /> <img alt="" border="0" src="/files/doceboCms/media/116017151830_carburante.gif" title="" /><br /> Fuel: metano. Possono essere usati come carburante sia l'idrogeno che il monossido di carbonio. Quindi possono generarli da gas naturali, diesel, gasolio, metanolo, etanolo ecc.<br /> Non c'e' bisogno di reforming esterno il tutto e' perfettamente funzionante all'interno della cella.<br /> <br /> <img alt="" border="0" src="/files/doceboCms/media/116017154120_efficienza.gif" title="" /><br /> La reazione essendo ottima alle alte temperature non necessita di aria compressa. Non necessitano neanche l'uso di un catalizzatore, e di un circuito di raffreddamento; infatti nei piccoli sistemi l'isolamento serve per mantenere in temperatura il sistema.<br /> La cella si raffredda tramite l'azione di reforming interna e dal particolare circuito d'aria disegnato intorno alla cella. L'efficienza e' oltre il 60%, la loro immensa dimensione le impedisce di essere usate in piccole applicazioni.<br /> I vantaggi sono pochi, ma importanti; per l'elevata temperatura a cui lavorano non serve usare un catalizzatore per alimentare la reazione e di conseguenza il costo di esercizio non e' troppo elevato. La densità di potenza è elevata quindi si riesce ad ottenere sistemi abbastanza compatti.<br /> Sono richiesti un po' di minuti per far entrare il sistema in temperatura almeno fino a 650°C. Quindi la richiesta di un tempo di start-up abbastanza lungo, concede l'utilizzo di tali sistemi soprattutto per apparati che funzionano con continuità. Sempre per l'alta temperatura non conviene creare impianti sotto i 1000W. Piccole SOFC danno un'efficienza del 50%. Per garantire una più elevata potenza per quella di media grandezza vengono combinate con turbine a gas. Praticamente le fuel cell sono pressurizzate e le turbine a gas provocano elettricità dal calore prodotto dalle celle. Queste danno un'efficienza tra il 60-70%.<br /> <br /> <img alt="" border="0" src="/files/doceboCms/media/116017156148_applicazioni.gif" title="" /><br /> Per le pile a ossidi solidi SOFC sono state sviluppate due diverse configurazioni: una tubolare maggiormente sviluppata e sperimentata (ma penalizzata da costi proibitivi) e una planare meno sviluppata, ma con maggiori speranze di riduzione dei costi.<br /> Sviluppatori della configurazione tubolare: Westinghouse , oggi rilevata da Siemens .<br /> Sviluppatori della configurazione planare: industrie nordamericane, europee ( Sultzer , Enitecnologie , che ha abbandonato), giapponesi, coreane e australiane.<br /> </div> <div class="titleBlock"> Principali società e sviluppi</div> <p>Le principali società sviluppatrici di celle a combustibile di tipo SOFC sono:<br /> <br /> La <a href="http://www.siemenswestinghouse.com/en/fuelcells/index.cfm"><strong>Siemens-Westinghouse</strong></a><strong> </strong>, ha installato sistemi da 500 kW di potenza elettrica anche in cogenerazione<br /> <br /> La <a href="http://www.fct.ca/" style="font-weight: bold;">Fuel Cell Technologies</a>, propone sistemi di cogenerazione da 5 kW<br /> <br /> La svizzera <a href="http://www.hexis.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Sulzer- Hexis</a> , con un sistema da 1 kW per cogenerazione<br /> <br /> <br /> Altre società che stanno sviluppando sistemi con fuel cell di tipo SOFC:<br /> <a href="http://www.acumentrics.com/">www.acumentrics.com</a> <br /> <a href="http://www.adaptivematerials.com/fuelcell.html">www.adaptivematerials.com</a> <br /> <a href="http://www.cfcl.com.au/">www.cfcl.com.au</a> <a href="http://www.delphi.com/">www.delphi.com</a> <br /> <a href="http://www.globalte.com/">www.globalte.com</a> <br /> <a href="http://www.honeywell.com/">www.honeywell.com</a> <br /> <a href="http://www.mtiresearch.com/">www.mtiresearch.com</a> <br /> <a href="http://www.ztekcorp.com/">www.ztekcorp.com</a> </p> <p> </p> </div></div></div> <iframe src="//www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energoclub.org%2Fpage%2Fsofc&layout=standard&show_faces=true&width=450&font=arial&height=80&action=like&colorscheme=light&locale=it_IT&send=false&share=false" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="border: none; overflow: hidden; width: 450px; height: 80px; " allowTransparency="true"></iframe> <div class="g-plusone-wrapper" style="margin: 0 1em 1em 1em;float:right" ><g:plusone href="https://www.energoclub.org/page/sofc" size="medium" annotation="bubble" width="250" ></g:plusone></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <!-- /.section, /#content --> </div></div> <!-- /#main, /#main-wrapper --> <div id="footer-wrapper"><div class="section"> <div id="footer-columns" class="clearfix"> <div class="region region-footer-firstcolumn"> <div id="block-block-23" class="block block-block"> <div class="content"> <ul> <li><a href="/page/informativa-sulla-privacy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/page/cookie-policy">Cookie Policy</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="region region-footer-secondcolumn"> <div id="block-block-25" class="block block-block"> <div class="content"> <ul> <li><a href="/user/register">Aderisci a Energoclub</a></li> <li><a href="/socio/rinnova">Rinnova adesione</a></li> <li><a href="/socio/dona">Donazione</a></li> <li><a href="/page/il-5x1000-energoclub-ecco-i-progetti-che-puoi-sostenere">5 x 1000</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /#footer-columns --> <div id="footer" class="clearfix"> <div class="region region-footer"> <div id="block-block-1" class="block block-block"> <div class="content"> <center> <p> <a href="http://www.energoclub.it"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><b>EnergoClub Onlus</b></span></a><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> - Via Isonzo 10 - 31100 Treviso (Italia) - Tel. +39 0422 1991188 - C.F. 94104800266 - P.IVA 04068070269</span></p> </center> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /#footer --> </div></div> <!-- /.section, /#footer-wrapper --> </div></div> <!-- /#page, /#page-wrapper --> <div class="region region-page-bottom"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js">{lang:"it"}</script> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- window.eu_cookie_compliance_cookie_name = ""; //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.energoclub.org/files/js/js_jivA82RtTl2Z-nRvtg7e7oQz4m1UgQq2pnwLWV_-jjk.js"></script> </body> </html>